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Olaniran A, Altshuler RD, Burke MAM, Lin H, Firlie J, Linshitz I, Li X. Role of oestrous cycle and orbitofrontal cortex in oxycodone seeking after 15-day abstinence in female rats. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13325. [PMID: 37753563 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Relapse to oxycodone seeking progressively increases after abstinence in rats, a phenomenon termed incubation of oxycodone craving. We have previously shown that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a critical role in incubation of oxycodone craving in male rats. Here, we examined the effect of oestrous cycle on incubated oxycodone seeking in female rats, and whether the critical role of OFC in incubated oxycodone seeking generalizes to female rats. We first assessed oxycodone self-administration and incubated oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 15 across the oestrous cycle. Next, we determined the effect of chemogenetic inactivation of OFC by JHU37160 (J60), a novel agonist for Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs), on incubated oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 15. Finally, we determined the effect of J60 alone on incubated oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 15. We found no difference in oxycodone intake across oestrus, pro-oestrus, and metoestrus stages during oxycodone self-administration training. Incubated oxycodone seeking was also similar between nonoestrus and oestrus female rats. Moreover, chemogenetic inactivation of OFC by J60 decreased incubated oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 15, while J60 alone had no effect on incubated oxycodone seeking in no-DREADD control rats. Taken together, results here show that the oestrous cycle has no effect on oxycodone intake and incubated oxycodone seeking in female rats under our experimental conditions. Furthermore, consistent with our previous findings in male rats, results here show that OFC also plays a critical role in incubated oxycodone seeking in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo Olaniran
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel D Altshuler
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Megan A M Burke
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia Firlie
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ilan Linshitz
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
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2
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Jenni NL, Symonds N, Floresco SB. Medial orbitofrontal cortical regulation of different aspects of Pavlovian and instrumental reward seeking. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:441-459. [PMID: 36322185 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The medial subregion of the orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) is thought to play an important role representing the expected outcome of a given course of action, as lesioning or inactivating this cortical region results in the adoption of choice strategies based more on observable (rather than previously learned) information. Despite this, its role in mediating basic associative learning remains to be fully clarified. OBJECTIVE The present series of experiments examined the role of the mOFC in (1) Pavlovian conditioned approach, (2) conditioned reinforcement, (3) extinction, and (4) cue-induced reinstatement of food-seeking behavior. METHODS Separate cohorts of rats went through Pavlovian or instrumental training. Intra-mOFC infusions of either saline or GABA agonists (to temporarily inactivate neural activity) were given prior to Pavlovian approach, conditioned reinforcement, first or second day of instrumental extinction training, or cue-induced reinstatement test days. RESULTS mOFC inactivation increased lever-CS contacts in Pavlovian conditioned approach and (2) had no effect on conditioned reinforcement. These manipulations (3) accelerated within-session instrumental extinction during the initial extinction session, but impaired subsequent extinction learning on drug-free days. (4) mOFC inactivation induced differential effects on reinstatement that depended on baseline performance. mOFC inactivation abolished reinstatement in "Reinstater" rats (who displayed robust responding under control conditions) and robustly increased reinstatement in "Non-Reinstater" rats (who showed little reinstatement under control conditions) suggesting that individual differences in reinstatement may be supported by differences in mOFC mediated representations of expected outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings have important implications for understanding how the mOFC uses stimulus-outcome and action-outcome expectancies to guide behavior, and how dysfunction within this region may contribute to pathological patterns of reward seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Jenni
- Department of Psychology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Nicola Symonds
- Department of Psychology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stan B Floresco
- Department of Psychology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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3
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Nett KE, LaLumiere RT. Infralimbic cortex functioning across motivated behaviors: Can the differences be reconciled? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:704-721. [PMID: 34624366 PMCID: PMC8642304 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The rodent infralimbic cortex (IL) is implicated in higher order executive functions such as reward seeking and flexible decision making. However, the precise nature of its role in these processes is unclear. Early evidence indicated that the IL promotes the extinction and ongoing inhibition of fear conditioning and cocaine seeking. However, evidence spanning other behavioral domains, such as natural reward seeking and habit-based learning, suggests a more nuanced understanding of IL function. As techniques have advanced and more studies have examined IL function, identifying a unifying explanation for its behavioral function has become increasingly difficult. Here, we discuss evidence of IL function across motivated behaviors, including associative learning, drug seeking, natural reward seeking, and goal-directed versus habit-based behaviors, and emphasize how context-specific encoding and heterogeneous IL neuronal populations may underlie seemingly conflicting findings in the literature. Together, the evidence suggests that a major IL function is to facilitate the encoding and updating of contingencies between cues and behaviors to guide subsequent behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelle E Nett
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| | - Ryan T LaLumiere
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
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4
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Kawahara Y, Ohnishi YN, Ohnishi YH, Kawahara H, Nishi A. Distinct Role of Dopamine in the PFC and NAc During Exposure to Cocaine-Associated Cues. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 24:988-1001. [PMID: 34626116 PMCID: PMC8653875 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine neurotransmission plays a critical role in reward in drug abuse and drug addiction. However, the role of dopamine in the recognition of drug-associated environmental stimuli, retrieval of drug-associated memory, and drug-seeking behaviors is not fully understood. METHODS Roles of dopamine neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in the cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm were evaluated using in vivo microdialysis. RESULTS In mice that had acquired cocaine CPP, dopamine levels in the PFC, but not in the NAc, increased in response to cocaine-associated cues when mice were placed in the cocaine chamber of an apparatus with 2 separated chambers. The induction of the dopamine response and the development of cocaine CPP were mediated through activation of glutamate NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate)/AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor signaling in the PFC during conditioning. Activation of dopamine D1 or D2 receptor signaling in the PFC was required for cocaine-induced locomotion, but not for the induction of the dopamine response or the development of cocaine CPP. Interestingly, dopamine levels in the NAc increased in response to cocaine-associated cues when mice were placed at the center of an apparatus with 2 connected chambers, which requires motivated exploration associated with cocaine reward. CONCLUSIONS Dopamine neurotransmission in the PFC is activated by the exposure to the cocaine-associated cues, whereas dopamine neurotransmission in the NAc is activated in a process of motivated exploration of cues associated with cocaine reward. Furthermore, the glutamate signaling cascade in the PFC is suggested to be a potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Kawahara
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan,Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan,Correspondence: Yukie Kawahara, DDS, PhD, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan ()
| | - Yoshinori N Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoko H Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawahara
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akinori Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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5
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Medial orbitofrontal cortex dopamine D 1/D 2 receptors differentially modulate distinct forms of probabilistic decision-making. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1240-1251. [PMID: 33452435 PMCID: PMC8134636 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Efficient decision-making involves weighing the costs and benefits associated with different actions and outcomes to maximize long-term utility. The medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) has been implicated in guiding choice in situations involving reward uncertainty, as inactivation in rats alters choice involving probabilistic rewards. The mOFC receives considerable dopaminergic input, yet how dopamine (DA) modulates mOFC function has been virtually unexplored. Here, we assessed how mOFC D1 and D2 receptors modulate two forms of reward seeking mediated by this region, probabilistic reversal learning and probabilistic discounting. Separate groups of well-trained rats received intra-mOFC microinfusions of selective D1 or D2 antagonists or agonists prior to task performance. mOFC D1 and D2 blockade had opposing effects on performance during probabilistic reversal learning and probabilistic discounting. D1 blockade impaired, while D2 blockade increased the number of reversals completed, both mediated by changes in errors and negative feedback sensitivity apparent during the initial discrimination of the task, which suggests changes in probabilistic reinforcement learning rather than flexibility. Similarly, D1 blockade reduced, while D2 blockade increased preference for larger/risky rewards. Excess D1 stimulation had no effect on either task, while excessive D2 stimulation impaired probabilistic reversal performance, and reduced both profitable risky choice and overall task engagement. These findings highlight a previously uncharacterized role for mOFC DA, showing that D1 and D2 receptors play dissociable and opposing roles in different forms of reward-related action selection. Elucidating how DA biases behavior in these situations will expand our understanding of the mechanisms regulating optimal and aberrant decision-making.
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6
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Altshuler RD, Yang ES, Garcia KT, Davis IR, Olaniran A, Haile M, Razavi S, Li X. Role of orbitofrontal cortex in incubation of oxycodone craving in male rats. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12927. [PMID: 32570285 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in treating opioid-use disorders is relapse during abstinence, triggered by re-exposure to drug-associated cues. Previous studies have demonstrated that drug-seeking in rats progressively increases over time during withdrawal (incubation of drug craving). Here, we used male rats and examined neural mechanisms underlying incubation of craving to oxycodone, a commonly abused prescription opioid, and we focused on orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region previously implicated in incubation of heroin craving. We first used neuronal activity marker Fos and measured neuronal activation in OFC (ventral and lateral OFC) associated with day-1 and day-15 relapse tests. Next, we determined the effect of pharmacological reversible inactivation of OFC on incubated oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 15. Finally, we determined the effect of reversible inactivation of OFC on nonincubated oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 1. We found that lever presses during relapse tests were higher on withdrawal day 15 than on withdrawal day 1 (incubation of oxycodone craving). Incubation of oxycodone craving is accompanied with a time-dependent increase of Fos protein expression in both ventral and lateral OFC. Lastly, OFC inactivation decreased oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 15 but had no effect on withdrawal day 1. Together with the previous heroin study, results here show that OFC plays a critical role in incubation of opioid craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D. Altshuler
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Eddy S. Yang
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Kristine T. Garcia
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Ian R. Davis
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Adedayo Olaniran
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Meron Haile
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Syrus Razavi
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Gourley
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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8
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Metz VG, Segat HJ, Dias VT, Barcelos RCS, Maurer LH, Stiebe J, Emanuelli T, Burger ME, Pase CS. Omega-3 decreases D1 and D2 receptors expression in the prefrontal cortex and prevents amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 67:182-189. [PMID: 30951972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphetamine (AMPH) abuse is a serious public health problem due to the high addictive potential of this drug, whose use is related to severe brain neurotoxicity and memory impairments. So far, therapies for psychostimulant addiction have had limited efficacy. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have shown beneficial influences on the prevention and treatment of several diseases that affect the central nervous system. Here, we assessed the influence of fish oil (FO), which is rich in n-3 PUFA, on withdrawal and relapse symptoms following re-exposure to AMPH. Male Wistar rats received d,l-AMPH or vehicle in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm for 14 days. Then, half of each experimental group was treated with FO (3 g/kg, p.o.) for 14 days. Subsequently, animals were re-exposed to AMPH-CPP for three additional days, in order to assess relapse behavior. Our findings have evidenced that FO prevented relapse induced by AMPH reconditioning. While FO prevented AMPH-induced oxidative damages in the prefrontal cortex, molecular assays allowed us to observe that it was also able to modulate dopaminergic cascade markers (DAT, TH, VMAT-2, D1R and D2R) in the same brain area, thus preventing AMPH-induced molecular changes. To the most of our knowledge, this is the first study to show a natural alternative tool which is able to prevent psychostimulant relapse following drug withdrawal. This non-invasive and healthy nutraceutical may be considered as an adjuvant treatment in detoxification clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícia Garzella Metz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Hecson Jesser Segat
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Verônica Tironi Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Haselein Maurer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Stiebe
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências dos Alimentos - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Simonetti Pase
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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9
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Goode TD, Maren S. Common neurocircuitry mediating drug and fear relapse in preclinical models. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:415-437. [PMID: 30255379 PMCID: PMC6373193 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbidity of anxiety disorders, stressor- and trauma-related disorders, and substance use disorders is extremely common. Moreover, therapies that reduce pathological fear and anxiety on the one hand, and drug-seeking on the other, often prove short-lived and are susceptible to relapse. Considerable advances have been made in the study of the neurobiology of both aversive and appetitive extinction, and this work reveals shared neural circuits that contribute to both the suppression and relapse of conditioned responses associated with trauma or drug use. OBJECTIVES The goal of this review is to identify common neural circuits and mechanisms underlying relapse across domains of addiction biology and aversive learning in preclinical animal models. We focus primarily on neural circuits engaged during the expression of relapse. KEY FINDINGS After extinction, brain circuits involving the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus come to regulate the expression of conditioned responses by the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and nucleus accumbens. During relapse, hippocampal projections to the prefrontal cortex inhibit the retrieval of extinction memories resulting in a loss of inhibitory control over fear- and drug-associated conditional responding. CONCLUSIONS The overlapping brain systems for both fear and drug memories may explain the co-occurrence of fear and drug-seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis D Goode
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr., College Station, TX, 77843-3474, USA
| | - Stephen Maren
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Dr., College Station, TX, 77843-3474, USA.
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Barrientos C, Knowland D, Wu MMJ, Lilascharoen V, Huang KW, Malenka RC, Lim BK. Cocaine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Input Regions to Distinct Cell Types in Nucleus Accumbens. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:893-904. [PMID: 29921416 PMCID: PMC8169057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a brain region implicated in pathological motivated behaviors such as drug addiction and is composed predominantly of two discrete populations of neurons, dopamine receptor-1- and dopamine receptor-2-expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs and D2-MSNs, respectively). It is unclear whether these populations receive inputs from different brain areas and whether input regions to these cell types undergo distinct structural adaptations in response to the administration of addictive drugs such as cocaine. METHODS Using a modified rabies virus-mediated tracing method, we created a comprehensive brain-wide monosynaptic input map to NAc D1- and D2-MSNs. Next, we analyzed nearly 2000 dendrites and 125,000 spines of neurons across four input regions (the prelimbic cortex, medial orbitofrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, and ventral hippocampus) at four separate time points during cocaine administration and withdrawal to examine changes in spine density in response to repeated intraperitoneal cocaine injection in mice. RESULTS D1- and D2-MSNs display overall similar input profiles, with the exception that D1-MSNs receive significantly more input from the medial orbitofrontal cortex. We found that neurons in distinct brain areas projecting to D1- and D2-MSNs display different adaptations in dendritic spine density at different stages of cocaine administration and withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS While NAc D1- and D2-MSNs receive input from similar brain structures, cocaine-induced spine density changes in input regions are quite distinct and dynamic. While previous studies have focused on input-specific postsynaptic changes within NAc MSNs in response to cocaine, these findings emphasize the dramatic changes that occur in the afferent input regions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Barrientos
- Neurobiology Section in the Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel Knowland
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, California
| | - Mingche MJ Wu
- Neurobiology Section in the Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Varoth Lilascharoen
- Neurobiology Section in the Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kee Wui Huang
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Robert C. Malenka
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Byung Kook Lim
- Neurobiology Section, Biological Sciences Division, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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Huang B, Li Y, Cheng D, He G, Liu X, Ma L. β-Arrestin–biased β-adrenergic signaling promotes extinction learning of cocaine reward memory. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/512/eaam5402. [PMID: 29317519 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam5402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Youxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Deqin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guanhong He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Lan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science, and Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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12
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Han W, Wang T, Chen H. Social learning promotes nicotine self-administration by facilitating the extinction of conditioned aversion in isogenic strains of rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8052. [PMID: 28808247 PMCID: PMC5556091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Both social environment and genetic factors are critical for smoking initiation and nicotine addiction. We reported that rats developed conditioned flavor (i.e., taste and odor) aversion to intravenously self-administered (IVSA) nicotine, and that social learning promoted nicotine IVSA with flavor cues. We thus tested the hypothesis that socially acquired nicotine IVSA is a heritable trait by using female rats of six inbred strains and six F1 hybrids. Each strain was tested for 10 daily IVSA sessions. We found that the intake of nicotine (15 and 30 μg/kg/inf) varied among these strains by 33.7–56.6-fold. The heritability of nicotine intake was estimated to be 0.54–0.65. Further, there was a strong correlation in nicotine intake (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.0001) between the two nicotine doses. Another cohort of rats was given three daily IVSA sessions followed by five sessions that tested conditioned flavor aversion. Nicotine intake was highly correlated with the extinction of the conditioned aversion (R2 = 0.58, p < 0.005). These data showed that nicotine intake in the socially acquired nicotine self-administration model is controlled by genetic factors and that the role of social learning is likely in facilitating the extinction of conditioned aversive response to nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas St., Room 205 Translational Science Research Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas St., Room 205 Translational Science Research Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas St., Room 205 Translational Science Research Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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13
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Muller Ewald VA, LaLumiere RT. Neural systems mediating the inhibition of cocaine-seeking behaviors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 174:53-63. [PMID: 28720520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, research has targeted the neurobiology regulating cocaine-seeking behaviors, largely in the hopes of identifying potential targets for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Although much of this work has focused on those systems driving cocaine seeking, recently, studies examining the inhibition of cocaine-related behaviors have made significant progress in uncovering the neural systems that attenuate cocaine seeking. Such systems include the infralimbic cortex, nucleus accumbens shell, and hypothalamus. Research in this field has focused largely on the infralimbic cortex, as activity in this region appears to attenuate cocaine seeking during reinstatement and contribute to extinction learning. However, an overarching theory of function for this region that includes its role in other types of reward seeking and learning remains to be determined. Furthermore, the precise relationship between other regions involved in attenuating cocaine-seeking behavior and the infralimbic cortex remains unclear. Recent advances in the use of viral vectors combined with optogenetics, chemogenetics, and other approaches have greatly affected our capacity to investigate those systems inhibiting behavior dependent on cocaine-associated memories. This review will present current understanding regarding the neurobiology underlying the inhibition of such behaviors, especially focusing on the extinction of such memories, and explore how viral-vector targeting of specific brain circuits has begun to alter, and will continue to enrich, our knowledge regarding this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória A Muller Ewald
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| | - Ryan T LaLumiere
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
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