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Pfisterer K, Wielscher M, Samardzic D, Weinzettl P, Symmank D, Shaw LE, Campana R, Huang HJ, Farlik M, Bangert C, Vrtala S, Valenta R, Weninger W. Non-IgE-reactive allergen peptides deteriorate the skin barrier in house dust mite-sensitized atopic dermatitis patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1240289. [PMID: 37675143 PMCID: PMC10478000 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1240289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by type 2 cytokine-driven skin inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction. The latter is believed to allow the increased penetration of chemicals, toxins, and allergens into the skin. House dust mite allergens, particularly Der p 2, are important triggers in sensitized individuals with AD; the precise actions of these allergens in epithelial biology remain, however, incompletely understood. In this study, we compared the effects of the protein allergen Der p 2 and a mix of non-IgE-reactive Der p 2 peptides on skin cells using patch tests in AD patients and healthy participants. We then analyzed mRNA expression profiles of keratinocytes by single-cell RNA-sequencing. We report that existing barrier deficiencies in the non-lesional skin of AD patients allow deep penetration of Der p 2 and its peptides, leading to local microinflammation. Der p 2 protein specifically upregulated genes involved in the innate immune system, stress, and danger signals in suprabasal KC. Der p 2 peptides further downregulated skin barrier genes, in particular the expression of genes involved in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. Peptides also induced genes involved in hyperproliferation and caused disturbances in keratinocyte differentiation. Furthermore, inflammasome-relevant genes and IL18 were overexpressed, while KRT1 was downregulated. Our data suggest that Der p 2 peptides contribute to AD initiation and exacerbation by augmenting hallmark features of AD, such as skin inflammation, barrier disruption, and hyperplasia of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Pfisterer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Wielscher
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Samardzic
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pauline Weinzettl
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorte Symmank
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa E. Shaw
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raffaela Campana
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Matthias Farlik
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Bangert
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Zubova SV, Kosyakova NI, Grachev SV, Prokhorenko IR. Co-Activation of Human Whole Blood Cells with Lipopolysaccharides and an Allergen. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1672. [PMID: 37629528 PMCID: PMC10455811 DOI: 10.3390/life13081672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of common inflammation mechanisms caused by exogenic compounds of microbial origin and allergens is one of the most important tasks in current biomedical science. The main manifestations of immune cell activation caused by pro-inflammatory agents are changes in receptor quantity on the surface of immune cells and the production of cytokines and chemokines by blood cells. The levels of expression of TLR4, CD14, and CD11b in the monocytes and neutrophils of human whole blood in response to LPS E. coli, Der p 2 allergen, or their combination reflect different functional activities in these cells, while the composition and amount of produced cytokines reflect the biological activity of the studied agonists. The activity of Der p 2 allergen in ex vivo experiments on whole blood samples is significantly lower compared with its activity in vitro in isolated PBMC cells, which should be taken into account when transferring the results obtained for isolated cells to whole blood cells. LPS R. capsulatus PG significantly decreases the synthesis of MyD88-dependent NF-κB-regulated cytokines activated by LPS E. coli, Der p 2, or their combination. This indirectly indicates the general mechanisms of cell activation caused by these structures and the unified mechanism of the protective action of LPS R. capsulatus PG against both endotoxin and a combination of endotoxin and the allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Zubova
- Hospital of Pushchino Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (S.V.G.); (I.R.P.)
| | - Ninel I. Kosyakova
- Hospital of Pushchino Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Sergey V. Grachev
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (S.V.G.); (I.R.P.)
| | - Isabella R. Prokhorenko
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (S.V.G.); (I.R.P.)
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3
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Wenger M, Grosse-Kathoefer S, Kraiem A, Pelamatti E, Nunes N, Pointner L, Aglas L. When the allergy alarm bells toll: The role of Toll-like receptors in allergic diseases and treatment. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1204025. [PMID: 37426425 PMCID: PMC10325731 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1204025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors of the human immune system are specialized pathogen detectors able to link innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR ligands include among others bacteria-, mycoplasma- or virus-derived compounds such as lipids, lipo- and glycoproteins and nucleic acids. Not only are genetic variations in TLR-related genes associated with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis, their expression also differs between allergic and non-allergic individuals. Due to a complex interplay of genes, environmental factors, and allergen sources the interpretation of TLRs involved in immunoglobulin E-mediated diseases remains challenging. Therefore, it is imperative to dissect the role of TLRs in allergies. In this review, we discuss i) the expression of TLRs in organs and cell types involved in the allergic immune response, ii) their involvement in modulating allergy-associated or -protective immune responses, and iii) how differential activation of TLRs by environmental factors, such as microbial, viral or air pollutant exposure, results in allergy development. However, we focus on iv) allergen sources interacting with TLRs, and v) how targeting TLRs could be employed in novel therapeutic strategies. Understanding the contributions of TLRs to allergy development allow the identification of knowledge gaps, provide guidance for ongoing research efforts, and built the foundation for future exploitation of TLRs in vaccine design.
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4
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Jacquet A. The HDM allergen orchestra and its cysteine protease maestro: Stimulators of kaleidoscopic innate immune responses. Mol Immunol 2023; 156:48-60. [PMID: 36889186 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
House dust mite (HDM) encloses an explosive cocktail of allergenic proteins sensitizing hundreds of millions of people worldwide. To date, the innate cellular and molecular mechanism(s) orchestrating the HDM-induced allergic inflammation remains partially deciphered. Understanding the kaleidoscope of HDM-induced innate immune responses is hampered by (1) the large complexity of the HDM allergome with very diverse functional bioreactivities, (2) the perpetual presence of microbial compounds (at least LPS, β-glucan, chitin) promoting as well pro-Th2 innate signaling pathways and (3) multiple cross-talks involving structural, neuronal and immune cells. The present review provides an update on the innate immune properties, identified so far, of multiple HDM allergen groups. Experimental evidence highlights the importance of HDM allergens displaying protease or lipid-binding activities on the initiation of the allergic responses. Specifically, group 1 HDM cysteine proteases are considered as the key initiators of the allergic response through their capacities to impair the epithelial barrier integrity, to stimulate the release of pro-Th2 danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in epithelial cells, to produce super-active forms of IL-33 alarmin and to mature thrombin leading to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation. Remarkably, the recently evidenced primary sensing of cysteine protease allergens by nociceptive neurons confirms the critical role of this HDM allergen group in the early events leading to Th2 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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5
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Morozova AA, Kosyakova NI, Prokhorenko IR. Participation of MAPK and PI3K in Regulation of Cytokine Secretion by Peripheral Blood Monocular Cells in Response to Escherichia coli LPS and rDer p 2 Combination. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:538-547. [PMID: 35790413 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922060050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Search for the effective approaches to treat acute inflammation caused by combination of allergens and infectious agents is an important task for public health worldwide. House dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus are the source of allergens of the Der p groups and of microbial compounds, in particular, lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS and Der p 2 induce secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines via activation of kinases p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, and PI3K. Participation of these kinases in the regulation of cells response to combined exposure to LPS and Der p 2 has not been sufficiently studied. We studied the effects of kinases (p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, and PI3K) inhibition on secretion of cytokines (TNF, IL-8, and IL-6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy volunteers in response to E. coli LPS and rDer p 2. Contribution of kinases to the regulation of cell response to different agents (rDer p 2 and/or LPS) was revealed. It was found that p38 MAPK plays a key role in the regulation of secretion TNF by PBMC in response to the combination of LPS and rDer p 2. MEK1/2-dependent signaling is the main pathway for the synthesis of TNF and IL-8 in response to LPS and rDer p 2. PI3K-dependent signaling negatively regulates TNF production during rDer p 2-induced cell activation, but is not involved in the response to the combination of LPS and rDer p 2. PI3K-dependent signaling in the regulation of PBMC cytokine synthesis is most pronounced in response to their activation by rDer p 2. Understanding the mechanisms of immune cell responses to combinations of inflammatory agents could facilitate the search for new intracellular targets for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Morozova
- Hospital of Pushchino Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Ninel I Kosyakova
- Hospital of Pushchino Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Isabella R Prokhorenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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6
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Ogasawara A, Yuki T, Katagiri A, Lai YT, Takahashi Y, Basketter D, Sakaguchi H. Proteolytic activity accelerates the T H17/T H22 recall response to an epicutaneous protein allergen-induced T H2 response. J Immunotoxicol 2022; 19:27-33. [PMID: 35378053 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2022.2049665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicutaneous exposure to protein allergens, such as papain, house dust mite (HDM), and ovalbumin (OVA), represents an important mode of sensitization for skin diseases including protein contact dermatitis, immunologic contact urticaria, and atopic dermatitis. These diseases are inducible by re-exposure to an allergen at both original skin sensitization and distant skin sites. In this study, we examined the serum IgE/IgG1 response, differentiation of T-helper (TH) cells, and epicutaneous TH recall response in mice pre-sensitized with protein allergens through the back skin and subsequently challenged on the ear skin. Repeated epicutaneous sensitization with allergenic proteins including papain, HDM, OVA, and protease inhibitor-treated papain, but not bovine serum albumin, induced serum allergen-specific antibody production, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis responses, and TH2 differentiation in the skin draining lymph node (DLN) cells. Sensitization with papain or HDM, which have protease activity, resulted in the differentiation of TH17 as well as TH2. In papain- or HDM-sensitized mice, a subsequent single challenge on the ear skin induced the expression of TH2 and TH17/TH22 cytokines. These results suggest that allergenic proteins induce the differentiation of TH2 in skin DLN cells and an antibody response. These findings may be useful for identifying proteins of high and low allergenic potential. Moreover, allergenic proteins containing protease activity may also differentiate TH17 and induce TH2 and TH17/TH22 recall responses at epicutaneous challenge sites. This suggests that allergen protease activity accelerates the onset of skin diseases caused by protein allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ogasawara
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takuo Yuki
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Katagiri
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yi-Ting Lai
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Sakaguchi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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7
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Hu RH, Wu CT, Wu TS, Yu FY, Ko JL, Lue KH, Liu YF. Systematic Characterization of the Group 2 House Dust Mite Allergen in Dermatophagoides microceras. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:793559. [PMID: 35111694 PMCID: PMC8801679 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.793559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAllergic asthma, a chronic airway inflammatory disease, is a critical public health problem. Indoor house dust mites (HDMs) could cause allergic asthma. The prevalence of sensitization to Dermatophagoides microceras (Der m) was approximately 80% and is related to the immunoglobulin E crossing-reactivity of mites belonging to the same genus, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f). However, studies on Der m are scant.MethodsWe used integrated OMICs approaches to identify and characterize the group 2 mite allergen-like protein in Der m (Der m 2). We established a Der m 2-induced allergic asthma mouse model and treated the mice with a fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve) isolated from Flammulina veluptipes to evaluate the allergenicity of Der m 2 and the immunomodulatory effects of FIP-fve.ResultsBy performing de novo draft genome assembly and comparative genome analysis, we identified the putative 144-amino acid Der m 2 in silico and further confirmed its existence through liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Der m 2 is a lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-binding protein. Thus, we examined the LPS-binding activity of recombinant Der m 2 by performing molecular docking analysis, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and a pull-down assay. Der m 2 elicited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 in BEAS-2B cells, a human bronchial epithelial cell line, and induced airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. Furthermore, in mice sensitized with Der m 2, the administration of FIP-fve in either the earlier stage or the late stage, FIP-fve alleviated allergic asthma by moderating airway inflammation and remodeling.ConclusionsDer m 2 induced inflammatory responses in cell and mouse models. FIP-fve alleviated inflammation in Der m 2-induced asthma in mice by exerting an immunomodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei-Hsing Hu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ta Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shuan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yih Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Huang Lue
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yu-Fan Liu, ; Ko-Huang Lue,
| | - Yu-Fan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yu-Fan Liu, ; Ko-Huang Lue,
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8
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Jeon H, Kim G, Kashif A, Hong MH, Lee JS, Hong Y, Park BS, Yang EJ, Kim IS. Pathogenic Mechanism of Der p 38 as a Novel Allergen Homologous to RipA and RipB Proteins in Atopic Dermatitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646316. [PMID: 34691014 PMCID: PMC8531521 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing pruritic disease encompassing skin inflammation and barrier dysfunction. House dust mites are key allergens that augment the development of atopic dermatitis. We aimed to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of AD due to Der p 38, recently identified by us. The frequency of IgE reactivity to Der p 38 in AD subjects was 52.6% (10/19) in the skin prick test and 57.9% (11/19) in the dot blot assay. In human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, Der p 38 triggered the impairment of filaggrin expression and induced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 through TLR4, PI3K, AKT, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-κB pathway. Supernatants from Der p 38-treated cells blocked filaggrin expression and neutrophil apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic effect of the Der p 38-released molecules on neutrophils was accomplished by inhibition of the caspase 9/3 pathway, and by increased MCL-1 expression and BCL-2/BAX expression ratio. In C57BL/6 wild type (WT) mice, Der p 38 induced a dose-dependent increase of AD-like skin lesions, with enhanced expressions of total and Der p 38-specific IgE. Der p 38 also diminished the expressions of skin barrier proteins and induced JNK activation. However, the AD-like features following cutaneous Der p 38 exposure were observed to be reduced in the TLR4 knockout (KO) group, as compared to the WT group. Skin infiltration of neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells was increased in the WT mice, but was not portrayed in the TLR4 KO mice. These findings indicate that Der p 38 is a novel mite allergen that triggers AD by lowering skin barrier proteins and increasing inflammatory cells. Results of this study have thereby paved the way to unveil the pathogenic mechanisms of AD.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Antigens, Dermatophagoides/genetics
- Antigens, Dermatophagoides/immunology
- Antigens, Dermatophagoides/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Arthropod Proteins/genetics
- Arthropod Proteins/immunology
- Arthropod Proteins/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/genetics
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology
- Dermatophagoides farinae/genetics
- Dermatophagoides farinae/immunology
- Dermatophagoides farinae/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Eosinophils/immunology
- Eosinophils/metabolism
- Eosinophils/pathology
- Female
- Filaggrin Proteins/metabolism
- HaCaT Cells
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin E/blood
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Keratinocytes/immunology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Middle Aged
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin/pathology
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
- Young Adult
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Jeon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Geunyeong Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Ayesha Kashif
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Min Hwa Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yujin Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Beom Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, South Korea
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9
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Hong MH, Kashif A, Kim G, Park BS, Lee NR, Yang EJ, Mun JY, Choi H, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Lee JS, Hong Y, Kim IS. Der p 38 Is a Bidirectional Regulator of Eosinophils and Neutrophils in Allergy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1735-1746. [PMID: 34462314 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The house dust mite is the most common cause of allergic diseases, and TLR4 acts as an overarching receptor for allergic responses. This study aimed to identify novel allergen binding to TLR4 in house dust mites and unveil its unique role in allergic responses. Der p 38 was purified and characterized by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based peptide mapping. Biolayer interferometry and structure modeling unveiled TLR4-binding activity and the structure of recombinant Der p 38. The allergenicity of Der p 38 was confirmed by a skin prick test, and basophil activation and dot blot assays. The skin prick test identified 24 out of 45 allergic subjects (53.3%) as Der p 38+ subjects. Der p 38-augmented CD203c expression was noted in the basophils of Der p 38+ allergic subjects. In animal experiments with wild-type and TLR4 knockout BALB/c mice, Der p 38 administration induced the infiltration of neutrophils as well as eosinophils and exhibited clinical features similar to asthma via TLR4 activation. Persistent Der p 38 administration induced severe neutrophil inflammation. Der p 38 directly suppressed the apoptosis of allergic neutrophils and eosinophils, and enhanced cytokine production in human bronchial epithelial cells, inhibiting neutrophil apoptosis. The mechanisms involved TLR4, LYN, PI3K, AKT, ERK, and NF-κB. These findings may contribute to a deep understanding of Der p 38 as a bridge allergen between eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in the pathogenic mechanisms of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hwa Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayesha Kashif
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunyeong Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Park
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Choi
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea.,Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jik Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Ji-Sook Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea; .,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
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10
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Suaini NHA, Yap GC, Tung BDP, Loo EXL, Goh AEN, Teoh OH, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Lee BW, Shek LPC, Van Bever H, Chong YS, Tham EH. Atopic dermatitis trajectories to age 8 years in the GUSTO cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1195-1206. [PMID: 34310791 PMCID: PMC7611621 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterogeneity of childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) underscores the need to understand latent phenotypes that may inform risk stratification and disease prognostication. OBJECTIVE To identify AD trajectories across the first 8 years of life and investigate risk factors associated with each trajectory and their relationships with other comorbidities. METHODS Data were collected prospectively from 1152 mother-offspring dyads in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort from ages 3 months to 8 years. AD was defined based on parent-reported doctor's diagnosis. An unsupervised machine learning technique was used to determine AD trajectories. RESULTS Three AD trajectories were identified as follows: early-onset transient (6.3%), late-onset persistent (6.3%) and early-onset persistent (2.1%), alongside a no AD/reference group (85.2%). Early-onset transient AD was positively associated with male gender, family history of atopy, house dust mite sensitization and some measures of wheezing. Early-onset persistent AD was associated with antenatal/intrapartum antibiotic use, food sensitization and some measures of wheezing. Late-onset persistent AD was associated with a family history of atopy, some measures of house dust mite sensitization and some measures of allergic rhinitis and wheezing. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Three AD trajectories were identified in this birth cohort, with different risk factors and prognostic implications. Further work is needed to understand the molecular and immunological origins of these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H. A. Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Gaik Chin Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Bui Do Phuong Tung
- Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Anne Eng Neo Goh
- Allergy service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Respiratory Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, SO16 6YD, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, SO16 6YD, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-chi Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Hugo Van Bever
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
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11
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Kim G, Hong M, Kashif A, Hong Y, Park BS, Mun JY, Choi H, Lee JS, Yang EJ, Woo RS, Lee SJ, Yang M, Kim IS. Der f 38 Is a Novel TLR4-Binding Allergen Related to Allergy Pathogenesis from Dermatophagoides farinae. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168440. [PMID: 34445142 PMCID: PMC8395149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to treat allergic diseases including asthma completely because its pathogenesis remains unclear. House dust mite (HDM) is a critical allergen and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 is a member of the toll-like receptor family, which plays an important role in allergic diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize a novel allergen, Der f 38 binding to TLR4, and unveil its role as an inducer of allergy. Der f 38 expression was detected in the body and feces of Dermatophagoides farinae (DF). Electron microscopy revealed that it was located in the granule layer, the epithelium layer, and microvilli of the posterior midgut. The skin prick test showed that 60% of allergic subjects were Der f 38-positive. Der f 38 enhanced surface 203c expression in basophils of Der f 38-positive allergic subjects. By analysis of the model structure of Der p 38, the expected epitope sites are exposed on the exterior side. In animal experiments, Der f 38 triggered an infiltration of inflammatory cells. Intranasal (IN) administration of Der f 38 increased neutrophils in the lung. Intraperitoneal (IP) and IN injections of Der f 38 induced both eosinophils and neutrophils. Increased total IgE level and histopathological features were found in BALB/c mice treated with Der f 38 by IP and IN injections. TLR4 knockout (KO) BALB/c mice exhibited less inflammation and IgE level in the sera compared to wild type (WT) mice. Der f 38 directly binds to TLR4 using biolayer interferometry. Der f 38 suppressed the apoptosis of neutrophils and eosinophils by downregulating proteins in the proapoptotic pathway including caspase 9, caspase 3, and BAX and upregulating proteins in the anti-apoptotic pathway including BCL-2 and MCL-1. These findings might shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms of allergy to HDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunyeong Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea; (G.K.); (M.H.); (A.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Minhwa Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea; (G.K.); (M.H.); (A.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Ayesha Kashif
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea; (G.K.); (M.H.); (A.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yujin Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea; (G.K.); (M.H.); (A.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Beom-Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea;
| | - Ji-Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Korea;
| | - Hyosun Choi
- Nanobioimaging Center, National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Ji-Sook Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Eun-Ju Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Ran-Sook Woo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Minseo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea;
| | - In-Sik Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea; (G.K.); (M.H.); (A.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Jacquet A. Characterization of Innate Immune Responses to House Dust Mite Allergens: Pitfalls and Limitations. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:662378. [PMID: 35386970 PMCID: PMC8974781 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.662378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas house dust mite (HDM) allergy results from a dysregulated Th2-biased adaptive immune response, activation of innate immune signaling pathways is a critical prerequisite for the initiation of HDM sensitizations. Such innate sensing is mainly controlled by the airway epithelium and the skin. The resulting release of epithelial-derived proinflammatory cytokines and innate alarmins such as GM-CSF, IL-25, IL-33 and TSLP mediates the activation of ILC2 cells and cDCs to promote Th2-biased inflammation. Significant progress in the elucidation of HDM innate immune activation has been made in the past decade and highlighted key roles of the LPS/TLR4 axis, chitin-dependent pathways together with HDM protease allergens. However, the precise mechanisms by which HDM allergens are sensed by the innate immune system remain largely unknown. Such investigations are made difficult for several reasons. Among these are (1) the natural association of HDM allergens with immunostimulators from the mite exoskeleton as well as from environmental microorganisms/pollutants or endosymbiotic bacteria; (2) the purification of individual HDM allergens from extracts in sufficient amounts and devoid of any microbial and protein impurities; (3) the production of correctly folded recombinant HDM allergens which could display the same biological activity than their natural counterparts; (4) the accessibility to human epithelial samples with cellular heterogeneities and inter-donor variations; (5) the translation of experimental data from mouse models to humans is almost missing. The goal of the present mini-review is to emphasize some important limitations and pitfalls in the elucidation of innate immunostimulatory properties of HDM allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Jacquet
- *Correspondence: Alain Jacquet ; orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-9741
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13
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Gilhar A, Reich K, Keren A, Kabashima K, Steinhoff M, Paus R. Mouse models of atopic dermatitis: a critical reappraisal. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:319-336. [PMID: 33368555 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models for atopic dermatitis (AD) are an indispensable preclinical research tool for testing new candidate AD therapeutics and for interrogating AD pathobiology in vivo. In this Viewpoint, we delineate why, unfortunately, none of the currently available so-called "AD" mouse models satisfactorily reflect the clinical complexity of human AD, but imitate more "allergic" or "irriant" contact dermatitis conditions. This limits the predictive value of AD models for clinical outcomes of new tested candidate AD therapeutics and the instructiveness of mouse models for human AD pathophysiology research. Here, we propose to initiate a rational debate on the minimal criteria that a mouse model should meet in order to be considered relevant for human AD. We suggest that valid AD models should at least meet the following criteria: (a) an AD-like epidermal barrier defect with reduced filaggrin expression along with hyperproliferation, hyperplasia; (b) increased epidermal expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), periostin and/or chemokines such as TARC (CCL17); (c) a characteristic dermal immune cell infiltrate with overexpression of some key cytokines such as IL-4, IL-13, IL-31 and IL-33; (d) distinctive "neurodermatitis" features (sensory skin hyperinnervation, defective beta-adrenergic signalling, neurogenic skin inflammation and triggering or aggravation of AD-like skin lesions by perceived stress); and (e) response of experimentally induced skin lesions to standard AD therapy. Finally, we delineate why humanized AD mouse models (human skin xenotransplants on SCID mice) offer a particularly promising preclinical research alternative to the currently available "AD" mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Gilhar
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion -Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kristian Reich
- Centre for Translational Research in Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Skinflammation Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aviad Keren
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion -Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,School of Medicine, Weill Cornell University-Qatar and Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost, Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Dermatology Research Centre, University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
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14
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Abu Khweek A, Kim E, Joldrichsen MR, Amer AO, Boyaka PN. Insights Into Mucosal Innate Immune Responses in House Dust Mite-Mediated Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:534501. [PMID: 33424827 PMCID: PMC7793902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.534501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma has been rising steadily for several decades, and continues to be a major public health and global economic burden due to both direct and indirect costs. Asthma is defined as chronic heterogeneous inflammatory diseases characterized by airway obstruction, mucus production and bronchospasm. Different endotypes of asthma are being recognized based on the distinct pathophysiology, genetic predisposition, age, prognosis, and response to remedies. Mucosal innate response to environmental triggers such as pollen, cigarette smoke, fragrances, viral infection, and house dust mite (HDM) are now recognized to play an important role in allergic asthma. HDM are the most pervasive allergens that co-habitat with us, as they are ubiquitous in-house dusts, mattress and bedsheets, and feed on a diet of exfoliated human skin flakes. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, is one among several HDM identified up to date. During the last decade, extensive studies have been fundamental in elucidating the interactions between HDM allergens, the host immune systems and airways. Moreover, the paradigm in the field of HDM-mediated allergy has been shifted away from being solely a Th2-geared to a complex response orchestrated via extensive crosstalk between the epithelium, professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) and components of the adaptive immunity. In fact, HDM have several lessons to teach us about their allergenicity, the complex interactions that stimulate innate immunity in initiating and perpetuating the lung inflammation. Herein, we review main allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and their interactions with immunological sentinels that promote allergic sensitization and activation of innate immunity, which is critical for the development of the Th2 biased adaptive immunity to HDM allergens and development of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Abu Khweek
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Marisa R Joldrichsen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amal O Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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15
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Yokozeki K, Yuki T, Ogasawara A, Katagiri A, Takahashi Y, Basketter D, Sakaguchi H. Total dose defines the incidence of percutaneous IgE/IgG1 mediated immediate-type hypersensitivity caused by papain. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:898-906. [PMID: 33090523 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of human health risk requires an understanding of antigen dose metrics associated with toxicity. Whereas assessment of the human health risk for delayed-type hypersensitivity is understood, the metrics remain unclear for percutaneous immediate-type hypersensitivity (ITH) mediated by IgE/IgG1. In this work, we aimed to investigate the dose metric for percutaneous ITH mediated by IgE/IgG1 responses. Papain, which causes ITH via percutaneous sensitization in humans, was used to sensitize guinea pigs and mice. The total dose per animal or dose per unit area was adjusted to understand the drivers of sensitization. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for papain-specific IgG1 enabled quantification of the response in guinea pigs. In mice, the number of antigen-bearing B cells in the draining lymph nodes (DLN) was calculated using flow cytometry papain-specific IgG1 and IgE levels were quantified by ELISA. PCA positive test rates and the amounts of antigen-specific antibody corresponded with total dose per animal, not dose per unit area. Furthermore, the number of B cells taking up antigen within DLN also correlated with total dose. These findings indicate that the total antigen dose is the important metric for percutaneous IgE/IgG1-mediated ITH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yokozeki
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takuo Yuki
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Ogasawara
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Katagiri
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Sakaguchi
- Safety Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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16
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Jacquet A, Robinson C. Proteolytic, lipidergic and polysaccharide molecular recognition shape innate responses to house dust mite allergens. Allergy 2020; 75:33-53. [PMID: 31166610 DOI: 10.1111/all.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) are sources of an extensive repertoire of allergens responsible for a range of allergic conditions. Technological advances have accelerated the identification of these allergens and characterized their putative roles within HDMs. Understanding their functional bioactivities is illuminating how they interact with the immune system to cause disease and how interrelations between them are essential to maximize allergic responses. Two types of allergen bioactivity, namely proteolysis and peptidolipid/lipid binding, elicit IgE and stimulate bystander responses to unrelated allergens. Much of this influence arises from Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 or TLR2 signalling and, in the case of protease allergens, the activation of additional pleiotropic effectors with strong disease linkage. Of related interest is the interaction of HDM allergens with common components of the house dust matrix, through either their binding to allergens or their autonomous modulation of immune receptors. Herein, we provide a contemporary view of how proteolysis, lipid-binding activity and interactions with polysaccharides and polysaccharide molecular recognition systems coordinate the principal responses which underlie allergy. The power of the catalytically competent group 1 HDM protease allergen component is demonstrated by a review of disclosures surrounding the efficacy of novel inhibitors produced by structure-based design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Jacquet
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center-Chula VRC) Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Clive Robinson
- Institute for Infection and Immunity St George's, University of London London UK
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17
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Tham EH, Leung DY. Mechanisms by Which Atopic Dermatitis Predisposes to Food Allergy and the Atopic March. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:4-15. [PMID: 30479073 PMCID: PMC6267189 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Atopic march denotes the progression from atopic dermatitis (AD) to the development of other allergic disorders such as immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated food allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma in later childhood. There is increasing evidence from prospective birth cohort studies that early-onset AD is a risk factor for other allergic diseases or is found in strong association with them. Animal studies now provide mechanistic insights into the pathways that may be responsible for triggering the progression from the skin barrier dysfunction seen in AD to epicutaneous sensitization, food allergy and allergic airway disorders. Recent large randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of early interventions targeted at AD and food allergy prevention. These show great promise for research into future strategies aimed at prevention of the atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Donald Ym Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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18
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Roth-Walter F, Schmutz R, Mothes-Luksch N, Lemell P, Zieglmayer P, Zieglmayer R, Jensen-Jarolim E. Clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy is associated with restoration of steady-state serum lipocalin 2 after SLIT: a pilot study. World Allergy Organ J 2018; 11:21. [PMID: 30323863 PMCID: PMC6166283 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-018-0201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background So far, only a few biomarkers in allergen immunotherapy exist that are associated with a clinical benefit. We thus investigated in a pilot study whether innate molecules such as the molecule lipocalin-2 (LCN2), with implications in immune tolerance demonstrated in other fields, may discriminate A) between allergic and non-allergic individuals, and B) between patients clinically responding or non-responding to sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) with house dust mite (HDM) extract. Moreover, we assessed haematological changes potentially correlating with allergic symptoms. Methods LCN2-concentrations were assessed in sera of healthy and allergic subjects (n = 126) as well as of house dust mite (HDM) allergics before and during HDM- sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for 24 weeks. Sera pre-SLIT (week 0), post-SLIT (week 24) and 9 months after SLIT were assessed for LCN2 levels and correlated with total nasal symptom scores (TNSS) obtained during chamber challenge at week 24 in patients receiving HDM- (n = 31) or placebo-SLIT (n = 10). Results Allergic individuals had significantly (p < 0.0001) lower LCN2-levels than healthy controls. HDM-allergic patients who received HDM-SLIT showed a significant increase in LCN2 9 months after termination of HDM-SLIT (p < 0.001), whereas in subjects receiving placebo no increase in LCN2 was observed. Among blood parameters a lower absolute rise in the lymphocyte population (p < 0.05) negatively correlated with symptom improvement (Pearson r 0.3395), and a lower relative increase in the neutrophils were associated with improvement in TNSS (p < 0.05). LCN2 levels 9 months after immunotherapy showed a low positive correlation with the relative improvement of symptoms (Pearson r 0.3293). LCN2-levels 9 months off-SLIT were significantly higher in patients whose symptoms improved during chamber challenge than in those whose symptoms aggravated (p < 0.01). Conclusion Serum LCN2 concentrations 9 months off-SLIT correlated with clinical reactivity in allergic patients. An increase in the LCN2 levels 9 months after HDM-SLIT was associated with a clinical benefit. Serum LCN2 may thus contribute to assess clinical reactivity in allergic patients. Trial registration Part of the data were generated from clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01644617.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- 1Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Biomedical International R+D GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- 1Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Biomedical International R+D GmbH, Vienna, Austria.,AllergyCare, Allergy Diagnosis and Study Center, Vienna, Austria.,5Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Yuan X, Wang J, Li Y, He X, Niu B, Wu D, Lan N, Wang X, Zhang Y, Dai X, Wang X, Liu Z, Li G. Allergy immunotherapy restores airway epithelial barrier dysfunction through suppressing IL-25 -induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in asthma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7950. [PMID: 29784924 PMCID: PMC5962552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Constant exposure to allergen triggers destructive type 2 cell-mediated inflammation. The effect of allergen specific immunotherapy (SIT) in maintaining airway epithelial barrier function in asthma remains unknown. In the current study, we showed that SIT maintained airway epithelial homeostasis in mice exposed to dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), which induced increased expression of IL-25, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and airway epithelial apoptosis. Meanwhile, SIT treatment ameliorated airway inflammatory infiltration and hyper-responsiveness in allergic mice. SIT treatment restored the airway epithelial integrity, attenuated Der f -induced airway epithelial ER stress and epithelial apoptosis. We also found that 4-PBA, an inhibitor of ER stress, suppressed airway epithelial ER stress and apoptosis in vitro. The pathological changes were partially induced by IL-25-induced ER stress, epithelial tight junction damage, and cell apoptosis in airways following allergen exposure. Furthermore, IL-25 induced ER stress in airway epithelial cells in vitro. The IL-25-induced airway epithelial apoptosis dependent on PERK activity was inhibited by 4-PBA. Taken together, we demonstrate that SIT is effective in allergic asthma and dependent on its depressive effect on the expression of IL-25, epithelial integrity damage, and epithelial ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefang Yuan
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yin Li
- The First Clinic College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiang He
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Bin Niu
- Respiratory Disease Departments, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Dehong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Nan Lan
- Respiratory Disease Departments, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xi Dai
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Guoping Li
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China. .,Department of Respiratory Disease, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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Schleimer RP, Berdnikovs S. Etiology of epithelial barrier dysfunction in patients with type 2 inflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1752-1761. [PMID: 28583447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial barriers of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and airway serve common critical functions, such as maintaining a physical barrier against environmental insults and allergens and providing a tissue interface balancing the communication between the internal and external environments. We now understand that in patients with allergic disease, regardless of tissue location, the homeostatic balance of the epithelial barrier is skewed toward loss of differentiation, reduced junctional integrity, and impaired innate defense. Importantly, epithelial dysfunction characterized by these traits appears to pre-date atopy and development of allergic disease. Despite our growing appreciation of the centrality of barrier dysfunction in initiation of allergic disease, many important questions remain to be answered regarding mechanisms disrupting normal barrier function. Although our external environment (proteases, allergens, and injury) is classically thought of as a principal contributor to barrier disruption associated with allergic sensitization, there is a need to better understand contributions of the internal environment (hormones, diet, and circadian clock). Systemic drivers of disease, such as alterations of the endocrine system, metabolism, and aberrant control of developmental signaling, are emerging as new players in driving epithelial dysfunction and allergic predisposition at various barrier sites. Identifying such central mediators of epithelial dysfunction using both systems biology tools and causality-driven laboratory experimentation will be essential in building new strategic interventions to prevent or reverse the process of barrier loss in allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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Sánchez-Borges M, Fernandez-Caldas E, Thomas WR, Chapman MD, Lee BW, Caraballo L, Acevedo N, Chew FT, Ansotegui IJ, Behrooz L, Phipatanakul W, Gerth van Wijk R, Pascal D, Rosario N, Ebisawa M, Geller M, Quirce S, Vrtala S, Valenta R, Ollert M, Canonica GW, Calderón MA, Barnes CS, Custovic A, Benjaponpitak S, Capriles-Hulett A. International consensus (ICON) on: clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity, a global problem. World Allergy Organ J 2017; 10:14. [PMID: 28451053 PMCID: PMC5394630 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-017-0145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Since mite allergens are the most relevant inducers of allergic diseases worldwide, resulting in significant morbidity and increased burden on health services, the International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (iCAALL), formed by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI), the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI), the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), and the World Allergy Organization (WAO), has proposed to issue an International Consensus (ICON) on the clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity. The objectives of this document are to highlight aspects of mite biology that are clinically relevant, to update the current knowledge on mite allergens, routes of sensitization, the genetics of IgE responses to mites, the epidemiologic aspects of mite hypersensitivity, the clinical pictures induced by mites, the diagnosis, specific immunotherapeutic approaches, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sánchez-Borges
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela
- Clínica El Avila, 6ª transversal Urb. Altamira, Piso 8, Consultoria 803, Caracas, 1060 Venezuela
| | - Enrique Fernandez-Caldas
- Inmunotek S.L., Madrid, Spain and Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Wayne R. Thomas
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
| | | | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Functional Genomics Laboratories, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Leili Behrooz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Boston Cshildren’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Boston Cshildren’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allergology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Demoly Pascal
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Paris, France
- Montpellier and Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Nelson Rosario
- Federal University of Parana, Rua General Carneiro, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Mario Geller
- Division of Medicine, Academy of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, UK
| | - Giorgio Walter Canonica
- Allergy & Respiratory Diseases Clinic, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Moises A. Calderón
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London – NHLI, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S. Barnes
- Division of Allergy/Immunology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suwat Benjaponpitak
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arnaldo Capriles-Hulett
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela
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Deckers J, Sichien D, Plantinga M, Van Moorleghem J, Vanheerswynghels M, Hoste E, Malissen B, Dombrowicz D, Guilliams M, De Bosscher K, Lambrecht BN, Hammad H. Epicutaneous sensitization to house dust mite allergen requires interferon regulatory factor 4-dependent dermal dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1364-1377.e2. [PMID: 28189772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to allergens, such as house dust mite (HDM), through the skin often precedes allergic inflammation in the lung. It was proposed that TH2 sensitization through the skin occurs when skin barrier function is disrupted by, for example, genetic predisposition, mechanical damage, or the enzymatic activity of allergens. OBJECTIVE We sought to study how HDM applied to unmanipulated skin leads to TH2 sensitization and to study which antigen-presenting cells mediate this process. METHODS HDM was applied epicutaneously by painting HDM on unmanipulated ear skin or under an occlusive tape. HDM challenge was through the nose. Mouse strains lacking different dendritic cell (DC) populations were used, and 1-DER T cells carrying a transgenic T-cell receptor reactive to Der p 1 allergen were used as a readout for antigen presentation. The TH2-inducing capacity of sorted skin-derived DC subsets was determined by means of adoptive transfer to naive mice. RESULTS Epicutaneous HDM application led to TH2 sensitization and eosinophilic airway inflammation upon intranasal HDM challenge. Skin sensitization did not require prior skin damage or enzymatic activity within HDM extract, yet was facilitated by applying the allergen under an occlusive tape. Primary proliferation of 1-DER T cells occurred only in the regional skin-draining lymph nodes. Epicutaneous sensitization was found to be driven by 2 variants of interferon regulatory factor 4-dependent dermal type 2 conventional DC subsets and not by epidermal Langerhans cells. CONCLUSION These findings identify skin type 2 conventional DCs as crucial players in TH2 sensitization to common inhaled allergens that enter the body through the skin and can provoke features of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Deckers
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dorine Sichien
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maud Plantinga
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Justine Van Moorleghem
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manon Vanheerswynghels
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther Hoste
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - David Dombrowicz
- INSERM U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Martin Guilliams
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hamida Hammad
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Pali-Schöll I, Herrmann I, Jensen-Jarolim E, Iben C. Allergies, with Focus on Food Allergies, in Humans and Their Animals. Comp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47007-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jensen-Jarolim E, Herrmann I, Panakova L, Janda J. Allergic and Atopic Eczema in Humans and Their Animals. Comp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47007-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Patel S, Meher B. A review on emerging frontiers of house dust mite and cockroach allergy research. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2016; 44:580-593. [PMID: 26994963 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, mankind is afflicted with diversified health issues, allergies being a common, yet little understood malady. Allergies, the outcome of a baffled immune system encompasses myriad allergens and causes an array of health consequences, ranging from transient to recurrent and mild to fatal. Indoor allergy is a serious hypersensitivity in genetically-predisposed people, triggered by ingestion, inhalation or mere contact of allergens, of which mite and cockroaches are one of the most-represented constituents. Arduous to eliminate, these aeroallergens pose constant health challenges, mostly manifested as respiratory and dermatological inflammations, leading to further aggravations if unrestrained. Recent times have seen an unprecedented endeavour to understand the conformation of these allergens, their immune manipulative ploys and other underlying causes of pathogenesis, most importantly therapies. Yet a large section of vulnerable people is ignorant of these innocuous-looking immune irritants, prevailing around them, and continues to suffer. This review aims to expedite this field by a concise, informative account of seminal findings in the past few years, with particular emphasis on leading frontiers like genome-wide association studies (GWAS), epitope mapping, metabolomics etc. Drawbacks linked to current approaches and solutions to overcome them have been proposed.
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Siebeneicher S, Reuter S, Wangorsch A, Krause M, Foetisch K, Heinz A, Naito S, Reuter A, Taube C, Vieths S, Scheurer S, Toda M. Epicutaneous immunotherapy with a hypoallergenic Bet v 1 suppresses allergic asthma in a murine model. Allergy 2015; 70:1559-68. [PMID: 26304061 DOI: 10.1111/all.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to reduced allergic potency, hypoallergenic variants have been suggested as safer and potentially more efficacious alternative to the corresponding wild-type allergens in allergen-specific immunotherapy. Here, we aimed at investigating the efficacy of recombinant Bet v 1B2, a hypoallergenic folding variant of Bet v 1, in epicutaneous immunotherapy to suppress asthmatic features using a murine model of birch pollen allergy. METHODS AND RESULTS Before, or after sensitization with rBet v 1 plus ALUMW and intranasal challenges with birch pollen extract, BALB/c mice received epicutaneous immunization (EPI) with rBet v 1, or rBet v 1B2 on their depilated back. Prophylactic EPI with rBet v 1B2, but not with rBet v 1, suppressed serum levels of Bet v 1-specific IgE antibodies and reduced the number of eosinophils and the concentrations of Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage. In an established allergic condition, serum levels of Bet v 1-specific IgE antibodies were similar between PBS-treated control mice and EPI-treated mice. However, therapeutic EPI with rBet v 1B2, but not with rBet v 1, significantly suppressed the development of airway inflammation and lung function impairment. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show the effect of therapeutic EPI with a recombinant form of a hypoallergenic folding variant on the suppression of asthmatic features. Our results suggest that rBet v 1B2 along with its reduced IgE-binding capacity could be a preferred therapeutic allergen than wild-type rBet v 1 in epicutaneous immunotherapy of birch pollen-induced allergic asthma, in particular due to a lower risk of allergic side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Siebeneicher
- Junior Research Group 1 ‘Experimental Allergy Models’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - S. Reuter
- The III Medical Department; University Medical Centre; Mainz Germany
- Experimental Asthma Research; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Borstel Germany
| | - A. Wangorsch
- Vice President's Research Group ‘Molecular Allergology’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - M. Krause
- Junior Research Group 1 ‘Experimental Allergy Models’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
- Vice President's Research Group ‘Molecular Allergology’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - K. Foetisch
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - A. Heinz
- The III Medical Department; University Medical Centre; Mainz Germany
| | - S. Naito
- Department of Quality Assurance and Radiological Protection; The National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Reuter
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - C. Taube
- Department of Pulmonology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - S. Vieths
- Vice President's Research Group ‘Molecular Allergology’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - S. Scheurer
- Vice President's Research Group ‘Molecular Allergology’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - M. Toda
- Junior Research Group 1 ‘Experimental Allergy Models’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
- Vice President's Research Group ‘Molecular Allergology’; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
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Fujii M, Shimazaki Y, Muto Y, Kohno S, Ohya S, Nabe T. Dietary deficiencies of unsaturated fatty acids and starch cause atopic dermatitis-like pruritus in hairless mice. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:108-13. [PMID: 25387853 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hairless mice fed with a special diet (named HR-AD) show atopic dermatitis (AD)-like pruritic skin inflammation that is almost completely resolved with the supplementation of an unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), the linoleic acid (LA). This suggests that the dietary deficiency of LA is the key cause of this dermatitis. However, because there is no appropriate control diet for HR-AD, the involvement of other dietary ingredients cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, it has not yet been tested whether only UFA deficiency can cause such AD-like pruritus. In this study, using semi-purified custom diets, we attempted to reproduce this syndrome. Four-week-old hairless mice were maintained on a widely used standard diet American Institute of Nutrition-76A (AIN-76A), its modifications, or HR-AD. Several modifications of fat and carbohydrate components revealed that dietary deficiency of both UFAs and cornstarch was required to induce severe skin barrier dysfunction as typically occurred in HR-AD-fed mice. An UFA- and cornstarch-deficient diet caused severe AD-like pruritus comparable to HR-AD, despite weak Th2 immune responses and absence of immunoglobulin E production. On the other hand, a diet lacking UFAs but containing cornstarch significantly alleviated the development of pruritic dermatitis. Furthermore, the supplementation of wheat starch similarly improved skin barrier function. In conclusion, this study showed that a lack of certain starches might also be the cause of diet-induced AD. Our findings could help to reproduce the diet-induced AD itch model and also provide evidence that certain starches can have protective and ameliorative effects on AD-like pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Fujii
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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Thomas WR. Hierarchy and molecular properties of house dust mite allergens. Allergol Int 2015; 64:304-11. [PMID: 26433526 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The allergenic load of house dust mite allergy is largely constituted by a few proteins with a hierarchical pattern of allergenicity. The serodominant specificities are the group 1&2 and the group 23 faecal allergens. The collective IgE binding to the group 1&2 allergens can measure unequivocal HDM sensitisation better than HDM extracts although discrepancies have been found in regions with complex acarofauna suggesting a need to investigate the specificity with allergen components. The group 4, 5, 7&21 allergens that each induce responses in about 40% of subjects are mid-tier allergens accounting for most of the remaining IgE binding. Their titres are proportional to the concomitant responses to Der p1&2. Group 2 allergen variants have different antibody binding. Body proteins only occasionally induce sensitisation although a higher prevalence of binding by atopic dermatitis patients provides a new avenue of research. A broad spectrum of IgE binding has been associated with diverse symptoms but not with the severity of asthma which is associated with low IgG antibody. Some allergens such as the group 14 large lipid binding proteins and the recently described proteins Der f 24-33, need further investigation but with the cognoscence that other denominated allergens have been found to be minor sensitisers by comparative quantitative analyses. Scabies is a confounder for diagnosis with extracts, inducing cross-reactive antibodies with Der p 4&20 as is seafood allergy with cross reactivity to Der p 10 a minor HDM allergen. The HDM genome sequence can now be used to verify allelic and paralogous variations.
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Park BS, Lee NR, Kim MJ, Kim SY, Kim IS. Interaction of Der p 2 with Toll-like Receptor 4 and its Effect on Cytokine Secretion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15616/bsl.2015.21.3.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| | - Na Rae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| | - Mun Jeong Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| | - Seong Yeol Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
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31
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Kim DH, Choi E, Lee JS, Lee NR, Baek SY, Gu A, Kim DH, Kim IS. House Dust Mite Allergen Regulates Constitutive Apoptosis of Normal and Asthmatic Neutrophils via Toll-Like Receptor 4. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125983. [PMID: 25973752 PMCID: PMC4431853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) induce allergic diseases such as asthma. Neutrophil apoptosis is an important process of innate immunity, and its dysregulation is associated with asthma. In this study, we examined the effects of HDM on constitutive apoptosis of normal and asthmatic neutrophils. Extract of Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP) inhibited neutrophil apoptosis, but Dermatophagoides farinae extract had no effect. Anti-apoptotic signaling mediated by DP involves in TLR4, Lyn, PI3K, Akt, ERK, and NF-κB in normal neutrophils. DP delayed cleavage of procaspase 9 and procaspase 3 and the decrease in Mcl-1 expression. Supernatant collected from DP-treated normal neutrophils inhibited the constitutive apoptosis of normal neutrophils, and S100A8 and S100A9 were identified as anti-apoptotic proteins in the supernatant. S100A8 and S100A9 transduced the anti-apoptotic signal via TLR4, Lyn, PI3K, Akt, ERK, and NF-κB. DP also suppressed asthmatic neutrophil apoptosis and induced secretion of S100A8 and S100A9, which delayed the constitutive apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic effects of DP, S100A8 and S100A9 in asthmatic neutrophils are associated with TLR4, Lyn, PI3K, Akt, ERK, and NF-κB. The concentrations of S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly elevated in asthmatic bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) when compared to normal BALF (p<0.01), but not in serum. S100A8 concentration in BALF was positively correlated with the number of BALF neutrophils and negatively correlated with FEV1(%). These findings improve our understanding of the role of HDM in regulation of neutrophil apoptosis in normal individuals and asthmatics and will enable elucidation of asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–768, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 302–718, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, 570–750, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–768, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeop Baek
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–746, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Gu
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–746, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–746, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–768, Republic of Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon 301–746, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Matsunaga K, Kuroda Y, Sakai S, Adachi R, Teshima R, Yagami A, Itagaki H. Anaphylactic augmentation by epicutaneous sensitization to acid-hydrolyzed wheat protein in a guinea pig model. J Toxicol Sci 2015; 40:745-52. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.40.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Matsunaga
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Yasutaka Kuroda
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University
| | - Shinobu Sakai
- Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Reiko Adachi
- Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Reiko Teshima
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Akiko Yagami
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Itagaki
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University
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Abstract
Skin diseases with an allergic background such as atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, and urticaria are very common. Moreover, diseases arising from a dysfunction of immune cells and/or their products often manifest with skin symptoms. This review aims to summarize recently published articles in order to highlight novel research findings, clinical trial results, and current guidelines on disease management. In recent years, an immense progress has been made in understanding the link between skin barrier dysfunction and allergic sensitization initiating the atopic march. In consequence, new strategies for treatment and prevention have been developed. Novel pathogenic insights, for example, into urticaria, angioedema, mastocytosis, led to the development of new therapeutic approaches and their implementation in daily patient care. By understanding distinct pathomechanisms, for example, the role of IL-1, novel entities such as autoinflammatory diseases have been described. Considerable effort has been made to improve and harmonize patient management as documented in several guidelines and position papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Schlapbach
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - D. Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
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