1
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Hao R, Li F, Sun-Waterhouse D, Li D. The roles of MicroRNAs in cadmium toxicity and in the protection offered by plant food-derived dietary phenolic bioactive substances against cadmium-induced toxicity. Food Chem 2024; 460:140483. [PMID: 39032304 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium, a harmful food contaminant, poses severe health risks. There are ongoing efforts to reduce cadmium pollution and alleviate its toxicity, including plant-based dietary intervention. This review hypothesizes that microRNAs (miRNAs), as regulatory eukaryotic transcripts, play crucial roles in modulating cadmium-induced organ damage, and plant food-derived bioactive compounds provide protective effects via miRNA-mediated mechanisms. The review reveals that there are interplays between certain miRNAs and plant food-derived dietary bioactive substances when these bioactives, especially phenolics, counteract cadmium toxicity through regulating physiologic and pathologic events (including oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation). The review discusses common miRNA-associated physiologic/pathologic events and signal pathways shared by the cadmium toxicity and dietary intervention processes. This paper identifies the existing knowledge gaps and potential future work (e.g. joint actions between miRNAs and other noncoding RNAs in the fights against cadmium). The insights provided by this review can improve food safety strategies and public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rili Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Khorsand F, Hamali H, Qasemi-Panahi B, Tohidkia M. The Effects of Supplementation of the Freezing Extender with Silymarin on the Quality Parameters of Frozen-Thawed Arabian Stallion Sperm: A Preliminary Evaluation. Biopreserv Biobank 2024. [PMID: 38905135 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2023.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of supplementation of the freezing extender with different concentrations of silymarin on the quality of frozen-thawed Arabian stallion spermatozoa. Semen samples from three stallions (1, 2, and 3) were suspended in the freezing extender without or with silymarin (0, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, 75 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL) and cryopreserved in 0.5 mL straws. After 1 month of storage, the frozen semen samples in straws were thawed and evaluated in terms of viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, kinematic parameters, total and progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation, and DNA fragmentation. The findings indicated that 25-100 μg/mL of silymarin significantly improved viability and mitochondrial membrane potential while reducing the stallion sperm lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Silymarin concentrations of 75 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL significantly increased progressive motility and plasma membrane integrity (p < 0.05). Based on our findings, it can be inferred that silymarin exhibited a dose-dependent enhancement in the frozen-thawed Arabian stallion sperm quality. The most favorable outcomes were observed when 100 μg/mL silymarin was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Khorsand
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Hamali
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Qasemi-Panahi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV. Cadmium as a male reproductive toxicant and natural and non-natural ways to tackle it: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18340-18361. [PMID: 38349491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a naturally occurring environmental pollutant, a toxic substance that causes oxidative stress. According to epidemiological studies, the data suggested that environmental and occupational Cd exposure may be related to several diseases and severe testicular damage. However, studies are going on to explore the mechanism of Cd-induced male reproductive toxicity and its treatment strategies. Currently, researchers are focusing on naturally occurring bioactive compounds, plant extracts, and biochemical, which have better efficacy, less toxicity, and high bioavailability. This review focuses on the mechanistic effect of Cd on testicular toxicity and different categories of compounds having a beneficial impact on Cd-induced male reproductive toxicity. Some potent bioactive antioxidants are quercetin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, curcumin, and silymarin. In comparison, plant extracts are Costus afer leaf methanol extract, methanol root extract of Carpolobia lutea, red carrot methanolic extract, Panax ginseng extract, and biochemicals including melatonin, progesterone, glutamine, L-carnitine, and selenium. Advanced and more detailed studies are needed on these compounds to explore their mechanism in attenuating Cd-induced testicular toxicity and can be potential therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Panchal H, Bhardwaj JK. Quercetin Supplementation Alleviates Cadmium Induced Genotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis in Caprine Testicular Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04038-8. [PMID: 38158459 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Being a common environmental pollutant, cadmium causes detrimental health effects, including testicular injury. Herein, we document the ameliorative potential of quercetin, a potent antioxidant, against cadmium-induced geno-cytotoxicity and steroidogenic toxicity in goat testicular tissue. Cadmium induced different comet types (Type 0 - Type 4), indicating the varying degree of DNA-damage in testicular cells. The quantitative analysis at 50 and 100 µM cadmium concentration revealed the DNA damage with per cent tail DNA as 75.78 ± 1.49 and 94.65 ± 0.95, respectively, in comparison to the control group (8.87 ± 0.48) post 8 h exposure duration. Cadmium caused a substantial decrease in the activity of key steroidogenic enzymes' (3β-HSD and 17β-HSD) along with reduction of testosterone level in testicular tissue. Furthermore, cadmium treatment induced various types of deformities in sperm, altered the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio in testicular tissue and thus suggesting the apoptosis-mediated death of testicular cells. Simultaneous quercetin supplementation, however, significantly (p < 0.05) averted the aforementioned cadmium-mediated damage in testicular tissue. Conclusively, the cadmium-induced DNA-damage and decrease in steroidogenic potential results in death of testicular cells via apoptosis, which was significantly counteracted by quercetin co-supplementation, and thus preventing the cadmium-mediated cytotoxicity of testicular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Panchal
- Department of Zoology, Shri Ramasamy Memorial University, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
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5
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Gheybi F, Rajabian F, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Adibi AR, Alavizadeh SH, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Liposomal silymarin anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic features in lung cells: An implication in cadmium toxicity. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127291. [PMID: 37672872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several metallic elements with high atomic weight and density are serious systemic toxicants, and their wide environmental distribution increase the risk of their exposure to human. Silymarin (SL), a polyphenol from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) plant has shown protective role against heavy metal toxicity. However, its low aqueous solubility and rapid metabolism limits its therapeutic potential in clinic. METHODS We compared the role of silymarin nanoliposomes (SL-L) against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in normal MRC-5 and A 549 cancer cells. MRC-5 and A 549 cells exposed to Cd at 25 and 0.25 µM respectively, were treated with various non-toxic SL-L concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 µM) and cells viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis and levels of cleaved PARP and caspase-3 proteins were determined following incubation. RESULTS Results indicated that Cd exposure significantly increased apoptosis due to ROS generation, and showed greater toxicity on cancer cells compared to normal cells. While SL-L at higher concentrations (25 µM and higher) exhibits pro-apoptotic features, lower concentrations (10 and 2.5 µM for MRC-5 and A 549 cancer cells, respectively) played a protective and anti-oxidant role in Cd induced toxicity in both cells. Further, lower SL-L was required to protect cancer cells against Cd toxicity. In general, treatment with SL-L significantly improved cell survival by decreasing ROS levels, cleaved PARP and caspase-3 in both MRC-5 and A 549 cells compared to free silymarin. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated that SL-L potential in protecting against Cd-induced toxicity depends on concentration-dependent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gheybi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rajabian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Toxicology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Adibi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; Center for Global health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Lee SH, Lee S. Effects of Melatonin and Silymarin on Reactive Oxygen Species, Nitric Oxide Production, and Sperm Viability and Motility during Sperm Freezing in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101705. [PMID: 37238134 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm during the freezing and thawing process is damaged by oxidative stress. Thus, its antioxidant scavenger is essential for sperm survival and death in frozen-thawed semen. We used melatonin and silymarin in experiments after the dose-dependent experiment. Our study aimed to identify the effect of melatonin and silymarin on the motility and viability of sperm, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO) production in frozen-thawed boar semen. Melatonin and silymarin were treated alone and cotreated in the fresh boar semen. Boar semen was collected using the gloved-hand method from ten crossbred pigs, and samples were used in the experiments. We evaluated sperm viability using SYBR-14 and PI kit, and ROS and NO production were detected by DCF-DA and DAF-2, respectively. The sperm motility was not significantly different between non-treatment and treatment. ROS and NO production in frozen-thawed sperm were decreased by melatonin and silymarin. Moreover, silymarin significantly reduced NO production more than melatonin. Melatonin and silymarin enhanced the viability of sperm. We suggest that melatonin and silymarin are essential antioxidants in semen cryopreservation for protecting sperm damage and maintaining sperm viability. Melatonin and silymarin may be useful antioxidants in freezing boar sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hee Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyung Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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7
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Mukherjee AG, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. The interplay of arsenic, silymarin, and NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114614. [PMID: 36753973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity is one of the most trending reasons for several malfunctions, particularly reproductive toxicity. The exact mechanism of arsenic poisoning is a big question mark. Exposure to arsenic reduces sperm count, impairs fertilization, and causes inflammation and genotoxicity through interfering with autophagy, epigenetics, ROS generation, downregulation of essential protein expression, metabolite changes, and hampering several signaling cascades, particularly by the alteration of NF-ĸB pathway. This work tries to give a clear idea about the different aspects of arsenic resulting in male reproductive complications, often leading to infertility. The first part of this article explains the implications of arsenic poisoning and the crosstalk of the NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity. Silymarin is a bioactive compound that exerts anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties and has demonstrated hopeful outcomes in several cancers, including colon cancer, breast cancer, and skin cancer, by downregulating the hyperactive NF-ĸB pathway. The next half of this article thus sheds light on silymarin's therapeutic potential in inhibiting the NF-ĸB signaling cascade, thus offering protection against arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
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8
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Karabulut S, Korkmaz S, Güneş E, Kabil E, Keskin İ, Usta M, Omurtag GZ. Seminal trace elements and their relationship with sperm parameters. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14610. [PMID: 36175375 DOI: 10.1111/and.14610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive problems may derive from many reasons including the environmental toxicants which may either intaken by occupational exposure, nutrition or bad air quality. The increased exposure to these substances due to rapid industrial development and technology has raised the questions: Is there a relationship between sperm parameters and these substances, and if so, in what extent? Results of studies on the subject reported conflicting results, many of which were not investigated in the seminal plasma. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between 23 metals and trace elements in human seminal plasma and semen parameters many of which were not investigated before. Levels of 23 metals in human seminal plasma were assessed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We examined the differences between subjects with normal ejaculate (normozoospermia) and pathologic ejaculate (with at least one abnormal semen parameter) according to the WHO criteria. The only significant difference was detected for Se while the other element's difference was not statistically significant. Se was statistically significantly increased in normal semen group suggesting the positive effect of this element on semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karabulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Health Science and Technologies Research Institute (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serol Korkmaz
- Doping Control Laboratory, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Güneş
- Doping Control Laboratory, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erol Kabil
- Doping Control Laboratory, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlknur Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Health Science and Technologies Research Institute (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Usta
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Health Science and Technologies Research Institute (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülden Zehra Omurtag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Ikokide EJ, Oyagbemi AA, Oyeyemi MO. Impacts of cadmium on male fertility: Lessons learnt so far. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14516. [PMID: 35765120 DOI: 10.1111/and.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous heavy metals in the world. Globally, toxicities associated with cadmium and its attendant negative impact on humans and animals cannot be under-estimated. Cd is a heavy metal, and people are exposed to it through contaminated foods and smoking. Cd exerts its deleterious impacts on the testes (male reproductive system) by inducing oxidative stress, spermatogenic cells apoptosis, testicular inflammation, decreasing androgenic and sperm cell functions, disrupting ionic homeostasis, pathways and epigenetic gene regulation, damaging vascular endothelium and blood testes barrier. In association with other industrial by-products, Cd has been incriminated for the recent decline of male fertility rate seen in both man and animals. Understanding the processes involved in Cd-induced testicular toxicity is vital for the innovation of techniques that will help ameliorate infertility in males. In this review, we summed up recent studies on the processes of testicular toxicity and male infertility due to Cd exposure. Also, the usage of different compounds including phytochemicals, and plant extracts to manage Cd reprotoxicity will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Joseph Ikokide
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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10
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Mohammadi M, Ariafar S, Talebi-Ghane E, Afzali S. Comparative efficacy of silibinin and nano-silibinin on lead poisoning in Male Wistar rats. Toxicology 2022; 475:153242. [PMID: 35752206 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxin that can lead to toxicity. It has shown that tissues can be exposed to oxidative stress in lead poisoning. Since silymarin is a natural agent with antioxidant effects, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and chelation effects of silibinin and nano-silibinin on the oxidative stress status in lead-poisoned rats. Sixty male Wistar rats randomly divided into ten groups (n = 6). Control and Pb groups treated with or without silibinin and nano-silibinin for six days. Following measuring of weight and blood lead levels, biochemical antioxidant parameters evaluated. Finally, a histopathological examination of the liver performed. In this experiment, silibinin and more efficiently nano-silibinin prevented weight loss and blood lead level elevation induced by lead. Also, they increased the attenuated levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT), total thiol molecules (TTM), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Lead-induced elevation of lipid peroxidation products (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) normalized to the standard level in silibinin and especially nano-silibinin groups. These data suggested that silibinin and especially nano-silibinin can decrease blood lead levels and prevent weight loss and oxidative stress in the lead-poisoned rat's model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saba Ariafar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Talebi-Ghane
- Department of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Modeling of Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeed Afzali
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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11
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Etemadi T, Momeni HR, Darbandi N, Abnosi MH. Silymarin modulates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in human spermatozoa. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14475. [PMID: 35640054 DOI: 10.1111/and.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants such as cadmium can negatively affect sperm parameters and decrease male fertility by inducing oxidative stress. Antioxidants are considered a useful strategy for oxidative stress conditions to neutralize free radicals and strengthen the antioxidant defence system. In this study, the effects of the common application of silymarin, as a natural antioxidant, with cadmium were assessed on human sperm. The washed human sperm samples were divided into five groups: (1) spermatozoa at 0- hour; (2) spermatozoa at 3 h; (3) spermatozoa treated with cadmium (20 μM) for 3 h; (4) spermatozoa treated with silymarin (2 μM) + cadmium (20 μM) for 3 h and (5) spermatozoa treated with silymarin (2 μM) for 3 h. Our results displayed that cadmium reduced sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity by increasing malondialdehyde levels and decreasing the total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes activity. While silymarin attenuated oxidative stress biomarkers in human sperm treated with cadmium, and consequently improved the sperm quality. In summary, cadmium-induced oxidative stress impaired human sperm structures and silymarin with its antioxidant properties compensated for the adverse effects of oxidative stress on human spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Etemadi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
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12
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Ameliorative Impact of Silymarin on the Male Reproductive System: An Updated Systematic Review. JORJANI BIOMEDICINE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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13
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Li H, Jiang M, Zhao SY, Zhang SQ, Lu L, He X, Feng GX, Wu X, Fan SJ. Exosomes are involved in total body irradiation-induced intestinal injury in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1111-1123. [PMID: 33637947 PMCID: PMC8209125 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury is a catastrophic complication in patients receiving radiotherapy. Circulating exosomes from patients undergoing radiotherapy can mediate communication between cells and facilitate a variety of pathological processes in vivo, but its effects on ionizing radiation-induced intestinal damage are undetermined. In this study we investigated the roles of exosomes during total body irradiation (TBI)-induced intestinal injury in vivo and in vitro. We isolated exosomes from serum of donor mice 24 h after lethal dose (9 Gy) TBI (Exo-IR-24h), then intravenously injected the exosomes into receipt mice, and found that Exo-IR-24h injection not only exacerbated 9 Gy TBI-induced lethality and weight loss, but also promoted crypt-villus structural and functional injury of the small intestine in receipt mice. Moreover, Exo-IR-24h injection significantly enhanced the apoptosis and DNA damage of small intestine in receipt mice following TBI exposure. In murine intestinal epithelial MODE-K cells, treatment with Exo-IR-24h significantly promoted 4 Gy ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis, resulting in decreased cell vitality. We further demonstrated that Exo-IR-24h promoted the IR-induced injury in receipt mice partially through its DNA damage-promoting effects and attenuating Nrf2 antioxidant response in irradiated MODE-K cells. In addition, TBI-related miRNAs and their targets in the exosomes of mice were enriched functionally using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Finally, injection of GW4869 (an inhibitor of exosome biogenesis and release, 1.25 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip, for 5 consecutive days starting 3 days before radiation exposure) was able to rescue mice against 9 Gy TBI-induced lethality and intestinal damage. Collectively, this study reveals that exosomes are involved in TBI-induced intestinal injury in mice and provides a new target to protect patients against irradiation-induced intestinal injury during radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Mian Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Shu-Ya Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Shu-Qin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xin He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Guo-Xing Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Sai-Jun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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Tirpák F, Greifová H, Lukáč N, Stawarz R, Massányi P. Exogenous Factors Affecting the Functional Integrity of Male Reproduction. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:213. [PMID: 33803103 PMCID: PMC8001766 DOI: 10.3390/life11030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural processes along with increased industrial production and the irresponsible behavior of mankind have resulted in environmental pollution. Environmental pollutants can be categorized based on their characteristics and appearance into the following groups: physical, biological, and chemical. Every single one of them represents a serious threat to the male reproductive tract despite the different modes of action. Male gonads and gametes are especially vulnerable to the effect of exogenous factors; therefore, they are considered a reliable indicator of environmental pollution. The impact of xenobiotics or radiation leads to an irreversible impairment of fertility displayed by histological changes, modulated androgen production, or compromised spermatozoa (or germ cells) quality. The present article reviews the exogenous threats, male reproductive system, the mode of action, and overall impact on the reproductive health of humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Tirpák
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Hana Greifová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (H.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Norbert Lukáč
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (H.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Robert Stawarz
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorazych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Peter Massányi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (H.G.); (N.L.)
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorazych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland;
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Gao S, Wu X, Wang L, Bu T, Perrotta A, Guaglianone G, Silvestrini B, Sun F, Cheng CY. Signaling Proteins That Regulate Spermatogenesis Are the Emerging Target of Toxicant-Induced Male Reproductive Dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:800327. [PMID: 35002976 PMCID: PMC8739942 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.800327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that environmental toxicants, in particular endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as cadmium and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), induce Sertoli cell and testis injury, thereby perturbing spermatogenesis in humans, rodents and also widelife. Recent studies have shown that cadmium (e.g., cadmium chloride, CdCl2) and PFOS exert their disruptive effects through putative signaling proteins and signaling cascade similar to other pharmaceuticals, such as the non-hormonal male contraceptive drug adjudin. More important, these signaling proteins were also shown to be involved in modulating testis function based on studies in rodents. Collectively, these findings suggest that toxicants are using similar mechanisms that used to support spermatogenesis under physiological conditions to perturb Sertoli and testis function. These observations are physiologically significant, since a manipulation on the expression of these signaling proteins can possibly be used to manage the toxicant-induced male reproductive dysfunction. In this review, we highlight some of these findings and critically evaluate the possibility of using this approach to manage toxicant-induced defects in spermatrogenesis based on recent studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Gao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Tiao Bu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Adolfo Perrotta
- Department of Translational & Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guaglianone
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, “Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Roma 4”, Civitavecchia, Italy
| | - Bruno Silvestrini
- Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: C. Yan Cheng, ; Fei Sun,
| | - C. Yan Cheng
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: C. Yan Cheng, ; Fei Sun,
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