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Zhu L, Wang Y, Li J, Zhou H, Li N, Wang Y. Depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older people in China and associations with chronic diseases. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1381273. [PMID: 38841667 PMCID: PMC11151855 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction It remains unclear whether depressive symptoms are associated with increased all-cause mortality and to what extent depressive symptoms are associated with chronic disease and all-cause mortality. The study aims to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality, and how depressive symptoms may, in turn, affect all-cause mortality among Chinese middle-aged and older people through chronic diseases. Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). This cohort study involved 13,855 individuals from Wave 1 (2011) to Wave 6 (2020) of the CHARLS, which is a nationally representative survey that collects information from Chinese residents ages 45 and older to explore intrinsic mechanisms between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) was validated through the CHARLS. Covariates included socioeconomic variables, living habits, and self-reported history of chronic diseases. Kaplan-Meier curves depicted mortality rates by depressive symptom levels, with Cox proportional hazards regression models estimating the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality. Results Out of the total 13,855 participants included, the median (Q1, Q3) age was 58.00 (51.00, 63.00) years. Adjusted for all covariates, middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms had a higher all-cause mortality rate (HR = 1.20 [95% CI, 1.09-1.33]). An increased rate was observed for 55-64 years old (HR = 1.23 [95% CI, 1.03-1.47]) and more than 65 years old (HR = 1.32 [95% CI, 1.18-1.49]), agricultural Hukou (HR = 1.44, [95% CI, 1.30-1.59]), and nonagricultural workload (HR = 1.81 [95% CI, 1.61-2.03]). Depressive symptoms increased the risks of all-cause mortality among patients with hypertension (HR = 1.19 [95% CI, 1.00-1.40]), diabetes (HR = 1.41[95% CI, 1.02-1.95]), and arthritis (HR = 1.29 [95% CI, 1.09-1.51]). Conclusion Depressive symptoms raise all-cause mortality risk, particularly in those aged 55 and above, rural household registration (agricultural Hukou), nonagricultural workers, and middle-aged and older people with hypertension, diabetes, and arthritis. Our findings through the longitudinal data collected in this study offer valuable insights for interventions targeting depression, such as early detection, integrated chronic disease care management, and healthy lifestyles; and community support for depressive symptoms may help to reduce mortality in middle-aged and older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhu
- School of Education and Psychology, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, and Research Centre of Sichuan Minzu Education Development, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ningxiu Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Latief K, Akyirem S, Sithichoksakulchai S, Nurrika D, Sujarwadi M, Hasan F. The mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between hypertension and depression: a national data analysis. Clin Hypertens 2024; 30:5. [PMID: 38297373 PMCID: PMC10832256 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-024-00263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance is a common among people with hypertension. However, the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the association between hypertension and depression remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the association between hypertension and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was cross-sectional study. The data were derived from the Indonesian Family Life Survey Fifth Wave (2014-2015). We include a total of 19,138 adults' participants with age range from 18 to 65 years old who completed response on the variable of hypertension, sleep disturbance, and depression. The mediating model analysis was processed using the PROCESS macro ins SPSS from Hayes model. RESULTS Depression was reported by 22% of total respondents. The group with hypertension showed a substantially higher prevalence of depression than non-hypertension group (P < 0.001). Hypertension had a significant overall effect on depression (β = 0.682; 95%CI 0.489 to 0.875, P < 0.001). The direct effect of hypertension on depression was significant (β = 0.418; 95%CI 0.244 to 0.592, P < 0.001) and the indirect effect that mediated by sleep disturbance was also significant (β = 0.264, 95%CI 0.174 to 0.356, P < 0.001). It is worth noting that sleep disturbance partially mediated the association between hypertension and depression. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that sleep disturbance contributed to the etiology of depression and hypertension in adult populations. Nurses should be involved in managing sleep disturbances, such as using behavioral therapy, as it may serve as both a treatment and primary prevention measure for depression and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaluddin Latief
- Global Health and Health Security, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Centre for Family Welfare, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Samuel Akyirem
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Siriluk Sithichoksakulchai
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dieta Nurrika
- Public Health Study Program, Banten School of Health Science, South Tangerang, Indonesia
- Culture, Research, and Technology, The Ministry of Education, Higher Education Service Institutions (LL-DIKTI) Region IV, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Mokh Sujarwadi
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
| | - Faizul Hasan
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Boromarajonani Srisataphat Building, 12th Floor Rama1 Road, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Scharf AC, Gronewold J, Eilers A, Todica O, Moenninghoff C, Doeppner TR, de Haan B, Bassetti CL, Hermann DM. Depression and anxiety in acute ischemic stroke involving the anterior but not paramedian or inferolateral thalamus. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1218526. [PMID: 37701875 PMCID: PMC10493383 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1218526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Emotional and cognitive deficits are prevalent in strokes involving the thalamus. In contrast to cognitive deficits, emotional deficits have not been studied prospectively in isolated thalamic stroke. Methods In 37 ischemic thalamic stroke patients (57.0 [50.0; 69.5] years [median (Q1; Q3)], 21 males, 5 anterior, 12 paramedian, 20 inferolateral vascular territory), and 37 non-stroke control patients matched for age and sex, we prospectively examined depression, anxiety, activities of daily living, and quality of life at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months post-stroke using the Hospital-Anxiety-and-Depression Scale (HADS), Nürnberger-Alters-Alltagsaktivitäten scale (NAA), and Short Form-36 (SF36) questionnaire. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) and lesion-subtraction analyzes were performed to determine associations between questionnaire scores and thalamic stroke topography. Results At 1 month post-stroke, anterior thalamic stroke patients had higher depression scores [8.0 (7.5; 10.5)] than paramedian [4.5 (1.0; 5.8)] and inferolateral [4.0 (1.0; 7.0)] thalamic stroke patients. Furthermore, anterior thalamic stroke patients had higher anxiety scores [11.0 (8.0; 14.5)] than their matched controls [2.5 (2.0; 2.5)], paramedian [4.5 (1.0; 5.8)] and inferior [4.0 (1.0; 7.0)] thalamic stroke patients. Depression and anxiety scores in anterior thalamic stroke patients remained high across the follow-up [depression: 9.0 (3.5; 13,8); anxiety:10.05 (2.8, 14.5)].Physical health assessed by SF36 was intact in anterior [1 month post-stroke: T-score = 55.9 (37.0; 57.6)] but reduced in inferolateral [44.5(32.4; 53.1)] thalamic stroke, whereas mental health was reduced in anterior thalamic stroke [32.0 (29.8; 47.3)].VLSM confirmed that voxels in the anterior thalamus around Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates X = -8, Y = -12, Z = 2 were more often affected by the stroke in depressed (HADS-score ≥ 8) than non-depressed (HADS-score < 8) patients and voxels around coordinates X = -10, Y = -12, Z = 2 were more often affected in anxious (HADS-score ≥ 8) than non-anxious (HADS-score < 8) patients. Conclusion Anterior, but not paramedian or inferolateral thalamic stroke was associated with depression and anxiety. Even though our results are mostly significant in the left thalamus, this observation on stroke laterality might be confounded by the fact that the right hemisphere was underrepresented in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Carina Scharf
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Janine Gronewold
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andres Eilers
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Olga Todica
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Moenninghoff
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten R. Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bianca de Haan
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dirk M. Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Villarreal-Zegarra D, Lázaro-Illatopa WI, Castillo-Blanco R, Cabieses B, Blukacz A, Bellido-Boza L, Mezones-Holguin E. Relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome and depressive symptoms in physicians: a cross-sectional study based on the employment demand-control model using structural equation modelling. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057888. [PMID: 36261241 PMCID: PMC9582405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome (BS) and depressive symptoms (DS) based on the job demand-control framework model on a nationally representative sample of physicians working in the Peruvian Health System. SETTING We carried out a secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Satisfaction of Users in Health 2016 in Peru. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Our study assessed the development of the predictive model and had two parts: (1) to evaluate the association among the variables based on the job demand-control framework, and (2) to assess the proposed model acceptability using the structural equation modelling approach to estimate goodness-of-fit indices (GOFIs). PARTICIPANTS We excluded physicians older than 65 years, who did not report income levels or who had missing data related to the workplace. Thus, we analysed 2100 participants. RESULTS The prevalence of DS was 3.3%. Physicians' work-related illnesses had more probability to result in DS (prevalence ratio=2.23). DS was moderately related to BS dimensions (r>0.50); nevertheless, the relationships between DS and the three job satisfaction scales were weak (r<0.30). The first predictive model based on the variables, DS, BS and job satisfaction, had low GOFIs (comparative fit index (CFI)=0.883; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.125). In a second evaluation, we used models with correlated errors obtaining optimal GOFIs (CFI=0.974; RMSEA=0.060). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a stable model to explain the relationship between job satisfaction, BS and DS among physicians. The results are consistent with the job demand-control framework. They could be applied to decision-making in occupational contexts in Latin American low/middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, Peru
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Ronald Castillo-Blanco
- Departamento de Gestión del Aprendizaje y Aseguramiento de la Calidad, Universidad del Pacífico, Lima, Peru
| | - Baltica Cabieses
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Alice Blukacz
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Luciana Bellido-Boza
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Edward Mezones-Holguin
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
- Epi-gnosis Solutions, Piura, Peru
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Cai H, Bai W, Du X, Zhang L, Zhang L, Li YC, Liu HZ, Tang YL, Jackson T, Cheung T, An FR, Xiang YT. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma in patients with depression: a network perspective. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:429. [PMID: 36195590 PMCID: PMC9530420 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma of having a mental illness is not clear. This study examined the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma among patients with recurrent depressive disorder (depression hereafter) using network analysis. Participants were 1149 depressed patients (842 men, 307 women) who completed survey measures of perceived stigma and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. T-tests, chi-square tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between depressed patients who indented to accepted vaccines and those who were hesitant. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma, independent of depression severity. Network analysis examined item-level relations between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma after controlling for depressive symptoms. Altogether, 617 depressed patients (53.7%, 95 confidence intervals (CI) %: 50.82-56.58%) reported they would accept future COVID-19 vaccination. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated higher perceived stigma scores predicted lower levels of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (β = -0.125, P < 0.001), even after controlling for depression severity. In the network model of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and perceived stigma nodes, "Feel others avoid me because of my illness", "Feel useless", and "Feel less competent than I did before" were the most influential symptoms. Furthermore, "COVID-19 vaccination acceptance" had the strongest connections with illness stigma items reflecting social rejection or social isolation concerns ("Employers/co-workers have discriminated", "Treated with less respect than usual", "Sense of being unequal in my relationships with others"). Given that a substantial proportion of depressed patients reported hesitancy with accepting COVID-19 vaccines and experiences of mental illness stigma related to social rejection and social isolation, providers working with this group should provide interventions to reduce stigma concerns toward addressing reluctance in receiving COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei Bai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Guangji Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi province, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, China
| | - Yu-Chen Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
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Contextual and individual factors associated with depressive symptoms in Latin American residents from eleven cities: Multilevel analysis. Prev Med 2022; 161:107156. [PMID: 35810937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses in the world. Its associated factors have been scarcely studied in the Latin American population. Our aim was to determine the contextual and individual factors associated with depressive symptoms (DS) in residents of 11 Latin American cities according to the 2019 CAF Survey (ECAF, acronym in Spanish). A multilevel analysis was performed to identify individual and contextual factors associated with DS. DS were measured by the short version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10). Of the 10,206 participants, 42.0% had DS in the week prior to the survey. Regarding the individual factors studied, women (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.65-1.99), smokers (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.16-1.45), obese, junk food eaters more than twice a week, single people, and a greater number of people in the household were associated with greater probabilities of having DS. On the other hand, a secondary (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.67-0.88) or superior educational level (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.50-0.68) were associated as protective factors. Regarding contextual factors, higher contamination levels (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13) were associated with DS. Our study reports associations between individual and environmental factors and DS in residents of Latin America. These findings will allow the adoption of the necessary measures for decision-making and research to face this growing problem in developing countries.
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Arteaga-Zarate G, Demarini-Olivares G, Torres-Slimming PA, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and anxiety symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Peru. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 6:331. [PMID: 35600247 PMCID: PMC9111365 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17328.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information about the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) awareness in the prevalence of anxiety disorders is scarce. Moreover, reports from resource-constrained and semiurban settings are usually focused on hospital-based data, instead of population-based surveys. We aimed to evaluate the association between T2DM and anxiety symptoms, with emphasis on T2DM awareness. METHODS A secondary data analysis was conducted using information from a population-based study. The outcome of interest was the presence of anxiety symptoms assessed by the Goldberg anxiety test, while the exposure variable was T2DM, defined using the oral glucose tolerance test. In addition, another definition was used based on self-reported T2DM awareness of previous diagnosis. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported using Poisson regression models. RESULTS Data from 1,607 participants, of mean age 48.2 (SD: 10.6) years, and 809 (50.3%) females, were analyzed. Of all participants, 176 (11.0%; 95% CI: 9.5%-12.6%) had T2DM, 105 (59.7%) were aware of previous diagnosis, and 674 (41.9%; 95% CI: 39.5%-44.4%) had anxiety symptoms. In multivariable model, T2DM was not associated with anxiety symptoms (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.99-1.36); however, individuals aware of T2DM diagnosis had a 36% (95% CI: 14%-64%) greater prevalence of anxiety symptoms compared to those without T2DM. Additionally, those aware of T2DM diagnosis had a 56% (95% CI: 13%-116%) higher probability to have anxiety symptoms compared to those not aware of T2DM diagnosis. Conclusions: The association between T2DM and anxiety symptoms was present among those participants who self-reported T2DM diagnosis, as opposed to those with T2DM but not aware and to those without T2DM. Evaluation of anxiety symptoms may be relevant among those with previous T2DM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
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Attieh R, Koffi K, Touré M, Parr‐Labbé É, Pakpour AH, Poder TG. Validation of the Canadian French version of the fear of COVID-19 scale in the general population of Quebec. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e32550. [PMID: 35353955 PMCID: PMC9110899 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to develop a Canadian French translation of the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S) and assess its psychometric characteristics. METHODS A forward and backtranslation process was conducted for the Canadian French version of the FCV-19S. The guidance of the ISPOR task force for translation and cultural adaptation was followed and cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with six citizens. The final proofread Canadian French FCV-19S was then administered to a large sample of citizens from the province of Quebec in Canada through an online survey. A quota sampling was conducted in 2020. Respondents from the survey also completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE)-6D and the Sense of Coherence (SOC-3) questionnaires. Several psychometric tests were performed to investigate the reliability (internal consistency) and validity of the Canadian French FCV-19S, including construct validity, concurrent validity, and Rasch analysis. RESULTS The translation process was conducted without any major difficulties. The cognitive debriefing interviews led to no change in the reconciled translation. The survey collected answers from 3428 citizens. Results indicated that the factor structure of the Canadian French FCV-19S is a unidimensional factor fitting well with the data. The scale showed adequate reliability (Cronbach's alpha of .903) and concurrent validity, as indicated by significantly negative correlation with CORE-6D (r = -.410) and SOC-3 (r = -.233). The Canadian French FCV-19S properties tested using Rasch analysis was also very satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicated that the Canadian French version of FCV-19S is a unidimensional tool with robust psychometric properties in the adult's population of all ages residing in the province of Quebec, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Attieh
- Department of ManagementEvaluation and Health PolicySchool of Public HealthUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
| | - Kouamé Koffi
- Département de Santé PubliqueUFR Sciences PharmaceutiquesUniversite Felix Houphouet‐BoignyAbidjan, Côte d'IvoireCanada
| | - Moustapha Touré
- Department of EconomicsScool of ManagementUniversity of SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada
| | | | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and WelfareJönköping UniversityGjuterigatan 5JönköpingBox 1026 551 11Sweden
| | - Thomas G. Poder
- Department of ManagementEvaluation and Health PolicySchool of Public HealthUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche de l'IUSMMCIUSSS de l'Est de l'île de MontréalUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
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Ramos-Vera C, Banos-Chaparro J, Ogundokun RO. The network structure of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian adults with arterial hypertension. F1000Res 2022; 10:19. [PMID: 35464183 PMCID: PMC9021682 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27422.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, arterial hypertension (AH) has increased by 90% over the last four decades, and has increased by 1.6% in Peru over the previous four years. Scientific evidence indicates the prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with AH and its importance in the comprehensive evaluation of the adult for adherence to clinical treatment. Previous studies carried out in the Peruvian population with AH mostly report the prevalence and associations, but do not indicate which depressive symptoms are more relevant in patients with AH. This study involved a network analysis of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian patients with AH using network estimation. Network analysis is used in this study for analysis, control, and monitoring purposes. Method: A representative cross-sectional study at the national level, using secondary data from 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was performed. The sample used included men and women of age over 17 years diagnosed with AH and was able to respond to Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The symptoms of depressive mood (bridging force and centrality) and energy fatigue or loss (bridge centrality) play an essential role in the network structure, as does the feeling of uselessness in terms of closeness and intermediation. Conclusion: The study highlighted the symptoms related to depressive mood and energy fatigue or loss as bridging symptoms, which could trigger a depressive episode in patients diagnosed with AH. The results will contribute to developing personalized treatments aimed at patients with specific depressive symptoms who have also been diagnosed with AH. The study analysis presents statistical coefficients of effect size (≤ 0,1 = small; > 0,1 to < 0,5 = moderate; ≥ 0,5 = large) to determine network connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ramos-Vera
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Area, Cesar Vallejo University, 640 Del Parque Avenue, San Juan de Lurigancho, 15434, Peru
- Sociedad Peruana de Psicometria, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun
- Department of Computer Science, Landmark University Omu Aran, Omu Aran, Kwara State, 251101, Nigeria
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-44249, Kaunas, Lithuania
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10
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Arteaga-Zarate G, Demarini-Olivares G, Torres-Slimming PA, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and anxiety symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Peru. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:331. [PMID: 35600247 PMCID: PMC9111365 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17328.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information about the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) awareness in the prevalence of anxiety disorders is scarce. Moreover, reports from resource-constrained and semiurban settings are usually focused on hospital-based data, instead of population-based surveys. We aimed to evaluate the association between T2DM and anxiety symptoms, with emphasis on T2DM awareness. METHODS A secondary data analysis was conducted using information from a population-based study. The outcome of interest was the presence of anxiety symptoms assessed by the Goldberg anxiety test, while the exposure variable was T2DM, defined using the oral glucose tolerance test. In addition, another definition was used based on self-reported T2DM awareness of previous diagnosis. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported using Poisson regression models. RESULTS Data from 1,607 participants, of mean age 48.2 (SD: 10.6) years, and 809 (50.3%) females, were analyzed. Of all participants, 176 (11.0%; 95% CI: 9.5%-12.6%) had T2DM, 105 (59.7%) were aware of previous diagnosis, and 674 (41.9%; 95% CI: 39.5%-44.4%) had anxiety symptoms. In multivariable model, T2DM was not associated with anxiety symptoms (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.99-1.36); however, individuals aware of T2DM diagnosis had a 36% (95% CI: 14%-64%) greater prevalence of anxiety symptoms compared to those without T2DM. Additionally, those aware of T2DM diagnosis had a 56% (95% CI: 13%-116%) higher probability to have anxiety symptoms compared to those not aware of T2DM diagnosis. Conclusions: The association between T2DM and anxiety symptoms was present among those participants who self-reported T2DM diagnosis, as opposed to those with T2DM but not aware and to those without T2DM. Evaluation of anxiety symptoms may be relevant among those with previous T2DM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
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11
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Vera Cruz Dos Santos D, Coelho de Soárez P, Cavero V, U Rocha TI, Aschar S, Daley KL, Garcia Claro H, Abud Scotton G, Fernandes I, Diez-Canseco F, Brandt LR, Toyama M, Martins Castro HC, Miranda JJ, Araya R, Quayle J, Rossi Menezes P. A Mobile Health Intervention for Patients With Depressive Symptoms: Protocol for an Economic Evaluation Alongside Two Randomized Trials in Brazil and Peru. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e26164. [PMID: 34643538 PMCID: PMC8552099 DOI: 10.2196/26164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile health interventions provide significant strategies for improving access to health services, offering a potential solution to reduce the mental health treatment gap. Economic evaluation of this intervention is needed to help inform local mental health policy and program development. Objective This paper presents the protocol for an economic evaluation conducted alongside 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a psychological intervention delivered through a technological platform (CONEMO) to treat depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, hypertension, or both. Methods The economic evaluation uses a within-trial analysis to evaluate the incremental costs and health outcomes of CONEMO plus enhanced usual care in comparison with enhanced usual care from public health care system and societal perspectives. Participants are patients of the public health care services for hypertension, diabetes, or both conditions in São Paulo, Brazil (n=880) and Lima, Peru (n=432). Clinical effectiveness will be measured by reduction in depressive symptoms and gains in health-related quality of life. We will conduct cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses, providing estimates of the cost per at least 50% reduction in 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores, and cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. The measurement of clinical effectiveness and resource use will take place over baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up in the intervention and control groups. We will use a mixed costing methodology (ie, a combination of top–down and bottom–up approaches) considering 4 cost categories: intervention (CONEMO related) costs, health care costs, patient and family costs, and productivity costs. We will collect unit costs from the RCTs and national administrative databases. The multinational economic evaluations will be fully split analyses with a multicountry costing approach. We will calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and present 95% CIs from nonparametric bootstrapping (1000 replicates). We will perform deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Finally, we will present cost-effectiveness acceptability curves to compare a range of possible cost-effectiveness thresholds. Results The economic evaluation project had its project charter in June 2018 and is expected to be completed in September 2021. The final results will be available in the second half of 2021. Conclusions We expect to assess whether CONEMO plus enhanced usual care is a cost-effective strategy to improve depressive symptoms in this population compared with enhanced usual care. This study will contribute to the evidence base for health managers and policy makers in allocating additional resources for mental health initiatives. It also will provide a basis for further research on how this emerging technology and enhanced usual care can improve mental health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT12345678 (Brazil) and NCT03026426 (Peru); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02846662 and https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03026426 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26164
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Coelho de Soárez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victoria Cavero
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Thaís I U Rocha
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana Aschar
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kate Louise Daley
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Garcia Claro
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - George Abud Scotton
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Fernandes
- CECS Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Diez-Canseco
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Lena Rebeca Brandt
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Mauricio Toyama
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Ricardo Araya
- Centre for Global Mental Health and Primary Care Research, Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julieta Quayle
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rossi Menezes
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Villarreal-Zegarra D, Copez-Lonzoy A, Vilela-Estrada AL, Huarcaya-Victoria J. Depression, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19 in the general population and health-care workers: prevalence, relationship, and explicative model in Peru. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:455. [PMID: 34530803 PMCID: PMC8445782 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study has two aims. First, determine the fit of the fear model to COVID-19, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress in the general population and health-care workers. Second, determine which model best explains the relationship between depression and the triad of fear, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress in both groups. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-reported questionnaires for anxiety, fear of COVID-19, depression, and post-traumatic stress. Information was collected from adults living in Lima, the capital and the most populous city in Peru. The explanatory models were evaluated using a structural equation model. RESULTS A total of 830 participants were included, including general population (n = 640) and health-care workers (n = 190). A high overall prevalence of depressive symptoms (16%), anxiety (11.7%), and post-traumatic stress (14.9%) were identified. A higher prevalence of depressive, anxious, or stress symptoms was identified in the general population (28.6%) compared to health-care workers (17.9%). The triad model of fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and stress presented adequate goodness-of-fit indices for both groups. A model was identified that manages to explain depressive symptoms in more than 70% of the general population and health-care workers, based on the variables of the triad (CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.06). In the general population post-traumatic stress mediated the relationship between anxiety and depression (β = 0.12; 95%CI = 0.06 to 0.18) which was significant, but the indirect effect of post-traumatic stress was not significant in health care workers (β = 0.03; 95%CI = - 0.11 to 0.19). LIMITATIONS The prevalence estimates relied on self-reported information. Other variables of interest, such as intolerance to uncertainty or income level, could not be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Our study proposes and tests one model that explains more than 70% of depressive symptoms. This explanatory model can be used in health contexts and populations to determine how emotional factors can affect depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, Peru
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru
| | - Anthony Copez-Lonzoy
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru.
- Unidad de Investigación en Bibliometría, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
- Asociación Peruana de Profesionales de las Adicciones, Lima, Peru.
| | - Ana L Vilela-Estrada
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jeff Huarcaya-Victoria
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Psiquiatría, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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13
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The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associations with quality of life among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:75. [PMID: 33500389 PMCID: PMC7835649 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders is unclear. This study examined the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and their associations with quality of life (QOL) in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, insomnia, pain, and QOL were assessed with standardized instruments. A total of 1063 patients were included. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and combined depressive and anxiety symptoms were 62.3% (95%CI = 59.4-65.2%), 52.4% (95%CI = 49.3-55.4%), and 45.9% (95%CI = 42.9-48.9%), respectively. Patients with depressive and anxiety symptoms had significantly lower QOL than those without (P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that having depressive symptoms was positively associated with more severe insomnia (OR = 1.29, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.14, P < 0.01), and was negatively associated with other psychiatric diagnoses (except for major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and organic mental disorder; OR = 0.50, P < 0.01), while having anxiety symptoms was positively associated with severe physical diseases (OR = 1.57, P = 0.02), poor adherence to treatment (OR = 1.50, P < 0.01), and more severe insomnia (OR = 1.15, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.11, P < 0.01). Having combined depression and anxiety symptoms was positively associated with poor adherence to treatment (OR = 1.42, P = 0.02) and more severe insomnia (OR = 1.19, P < 0.01) and pain (OR = 1.15, P < 0.01), and was negatively associated with the diagnosis of schizophrenia (OR = 0.50, P = 0.04) and others (OR = 0.53, P < 0.01). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the negative impact of these symptoms on QOL, regular screening and appropriate treatment are recommended for this population.
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Chen Y, Li W. Prevalence, Influencing Factors, and Cognitive Characteristics of Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:3645-3654. [PMID: 34934317 PMCID: PMC8684420 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s341297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence, influencing factors, and cognitive characteristics of depressive symptoms in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 241 elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia and 156 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms; the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to assess psychotic symptoms; and both the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were used to assess overall cognitive function, while the Activity of Daily Living Scale was used to assess daily living ability. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 48.5% (117/241) in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia, which was substantially higher than that of normal controls (17.3%, 27/156). Using a stepwise binary logistic regression analysis, we found that high education (p=0.006, odds ratio [OR]=1.122, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.034-1.218) and hypertension (p=0.019, OR=0.519, 95% CI: 0.300-0.898) were influencing factors for the comorbidity of depressive symptoms. Compared with individuals without depressive symptoms, individuals with depressive symptoms usually display worse overall cognitive function and more severe impairment of activities of daily living, but fewer psychotic symptoms. Interestingly, the GDS score was negatively correlated with the course of the disease (r=-0.157, p=0.016), suggesting that patients who had recently been admitted to the hospital were more likely to develop depression. CONCLUSION Elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia are often associated with higher levels of depression. Therefore, their overall cognitive function is worse, and their activities of daily living are more seriously impaired. Therefore, these patients should be provided with appropriate psychological comfort, especially those who have recently been admitted to the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaopian Chen
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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15
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Liu ZH, Chen CZ, Gao C, Zhou DY. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among Chinese patients with cataracts treated in tertiary general hospitals. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9397. [PMID: 32587808 PMCID: PMC7304416 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies recruited unrepresentative samples of Chinese patients with cataract and reported a wide range of prevalence of depressive symptoms in this patient population (18.0–89.7%). The present study determined the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among a consecutive sample of Chinese patients with cataract treated in tertiary general hospitals. Methods A total of 339 patients with cataract were consecutively selected from ophthalmology departments of two large general hospitals in Wuhan, China. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Chinese Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to identify factors that were associated with depression. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 23.9% (95% CI [19.4–28.4]%) among patients with cataract. Correlates for depressive symptoms include an education level of primary school and below (OR = 1.93, P = 0.038), marital status of “others” (OR =3.15, P < 0.001), poor family economic status (OR = 2.26, P = 0.010), nuclear cataract (OR =4.32, P < 0.001), and mixed cataract (OR = 2.76, P = 0.017). Conclusions Depressive symptoms are common among Chinese patients with cataract treated in large general hospitals. Patients who are poorly educated, have a marital status other than “married”, have poor family economic status, and suffer from nuclear and mixed cataracts are at greater risk for depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Yi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Huarcaya-Victoria J, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Podestà A, Luna-Cuadros MA. Psychometric Properties of a Spanish Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in General Population of Lima, Peru. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020; 20:249-262. [PMID: 32837434 PMCID: PMC7307940 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current pandemic of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 has increased the anxiety and fear experienced by many. The main objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish-translated version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) using a sample of population in Peru. This is a cross-sectional instrumental study. Data were collected by a convenience sampling method, resulting in a total of 832 participants, and the collection took place over 1 week, April 17–23, 2020. The original version of the FCV-19S was translated from English into Spanish. The results support a bifactor model consisting of one general factor and two specific factors—one of emotional fear reactions and another of somatic expressions of fear of COVID-19 (CFI = 0.988, RMSEA = 0.075). Invariance between healthcare workers and age groups was reached (ΔCFI < 0.01), but the invariance between men and women was not met (ΔCFI = 0.02). Convergent validity was found with depressive, anxious, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The general factor of the fear of COVID-19 and two specific factors had an optimal level of internal consistency (ω > 0.89 and α > 0.83). The study found the Spanish-translated version of the FCV-19S has good psychometric properties and presents evidence of validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Huarcaya-Victoria
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru.,CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Católica los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Peru
| | - Angela Podestà
- Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, Lima, Peru
| | - María Alejandra Luna-Cuadros
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA USA
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Short-term trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of arterial hypertension in Peru. J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:462-471. [PMID: 32518303 PMCID: PMC8134053 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-0361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension has been declining in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, we have not identified studies that evaluate trends for awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in LMIC. We aimed to describe the trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Peru. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using secondary data (4 years) of the Demographic and Health Survey of Peru (ENDES, Spanish acronym), which is conducted annually and is representative at the country level. The age-standardized prevalence was estimated using the World Health Organization population as the reference population. The trend over time was evaluated with the score test for trend of odds. A total of 109,401 participants were included. In Peru, from 2015 to 2018, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased (p < 0.001), while the proportion of people with disease awareness (p < 0.001) and controlled hypertension decreased (p = 0.01). During that same period, the proportion of people with treatment for hypertension did not vary over time (p = 0.13). In 2018, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 20.6%, and the proportion of people with disease awareness, treatment, and control of arterial hypertension was 43.5%, 20.6%, 5.3%, respectively. People with low socioeconomic status and people living in rural areas have the lowest proportion of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension.
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