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Zampiga M, Laghi L, Soglia F, Piscitelli R, Dayan J, Petracci M, Bonaldo A, Sirri F. Partial substitution of soybean meal with microalgae meal (Arthrospira spp. - Spirulina) in grower and finisher diets for broiler chickens: implications on performance parameters, footpad dermatitis occurrence, breast meat quality traits, amino acid digestibility and plasma metabolomics profile. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103856. [PMID: 38908124 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with microalgae meal (MM; Arthrospira spp.) during grower and finisher phases on productive performance, footpad dermatitis (FPD) occurrence, breast meat quality, amino acid digestibility and plasma metabolomics profile of broiler chickens. One thousand day-old Ross 308 male chicks were divided into 5 experimental groups (8 replicates, 25 birds/each): CON, fed a commercial soybean-based diet throughout the trial (0-41 d); F3 and F6, fed the CON diet up to 28 d of age and then a finisher diet (29-41 d) with either 30 or 60 g MM/kg, respectively; and GF3 and GF6, receiving CON diet until 14 d and then diets containing 30 or 60 g MM/kg from 15 to 41 d, respectively. All diets were iso-energetic and with a similar amino acid profile. Growth performances were recorded on a pen basis at the end of each feeding phase and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility was determined at 41 d. Footpad dermatitis occurrence was assessed on all processed birds, while breast and plasma samples were collected for meat quality and metabolomics analysis (proton nuclear magnetic resonance - 1H-NMR). At 41 d, CON group showed higher body weight than F6 and GF6 ones (2,541 vs. 2,412 vs. 2,384 g, respectively; P < 0.05). Overall, GF6 group exhibited the highest feed conversion ratio, while F3 did not present significant differences compared to CON (1.785 vs. 1.810 vs. 1.934 g feed/g gain, respectively for CON, F3 and GF6; P < 0.01). The occurrence and the risk of developing FPD were similar among groups. MM administration increased breast meat yellowness and reduced amino acid digestibility (P < 0.001). The 1H-NMR analysis revealed variations in the levels of some circulating metabolites, including histidine, arginine and creatine, which play important metabolic roles. Overall, these findings can contribute to expand the knowledge about the use of Arthrospira spp. as protein source in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zampiga
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Francesca Soglia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Raffaela Piscitelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Jonathan Dayan
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy; Department of Animal Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Massimiliano Petracci
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Alessio Bonaldo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
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Kim M, Munyaneza JP, Cho E, Jang A, Jo C, Nam KC, Choo HJ, Lee JH. Genome-wide association studies of anserine and carnosine contents in the breast meat of Korean native chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103590. [PMID: 38457991 PMCID: PMC11067755 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Histidine-containing dipeptides (HCDs), such as anserine and carnosine, are enormously beneficial to human health and contribute to the meat flavor in chickens. Meat quality traits, including flavor, are polygenic traits with medium to high heritability. Polygenic traits can be improved through a better understanding of their genetic mechanisms. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) constitute an effective genomic tool to identify the significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and potential candidate genes related to various traits of interest in chickens. This study identified potential candidate genes influencing the anserine and carnosine contents in chicken meat through GWAS. We performed GWAS of anserine and carnosine using the Illumina chicken 60K SNP chip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) in 637 Korean native chicken-red-brown line (KNC-R) birds consisting of 228 males and 409 females. The contents of anserine and carnosine in breast meat of KNC-R chickens were investigated. The mean value of the anserine and carnosine are 29.12 mM/g and 10.69 mM/g respectively. The genomic heritabilities were moderate (0.24) for anserine and high (0.43) for carnosine contents. Four and nine SNPs were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with anserine and carnosine, respectively. Based on the GWAS result, the 30.6 to 31.9 Mb region on chicken chromosome 7 was commonly associated with both anserine and carnosine. Through the functional annotation analysis, we identified HNMT and HNMT-like genes as potential candidate genes associated with both anserine and carnosine. The results presented here will contribute to the ongoing improvement of meat quality to satisfy current consumer demands, which are based on healthier, better-flavored, and higher-quality chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jean P Munyaneza
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunjin Cho
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Aera Jang
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bio convergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ki-Chang Nam
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Hyo Jun Choo
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
| | - Jun Heon Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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Katafuchi A, Kamegawa M, Goto S, Kuwahara D, Osawa Y, Shimamoto S, Ishihara S, Ohtsuka A, Ijiri D. Effects of Cyclic High Ambient Temperature on Muscle Imidazole Dipeptide Content in Broiler Chickens. J Poult Sci 2024; 61:2024004. [PMID: 38304875 PMCID: PMC10824857 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2024004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Imidazole dipeptides possess important bioregulatory properties in animals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high ambient temperature on muscle imidazole dipeptides (carnosine, anserine, and balenine) in broiler chickens. Sixteen 14-day-old male broiler chickens were divided into two groups, which were reared under thermoneutral (25 ± 1 °C) or cyclic high ambient temperature (35 ± 1 °C for 8 h/day) for 4 weeks. Chickens exposed to cyclic high ambient temperatures displayed lower skeletal muscle anserine and carnosine content than control chickens. Balenine could not be detected in the pectoral muscle of either group. The pectoral muscles of broiler chickens kept under cyclic high-temperature exhibited significantly lower mRNA expression of carnosine synthase 1, which synthesizes carnosine and anserine; but a significantly higher mRNA expression of carnosinase 2, which degrades carnosine and anserine. Our results suggest that heat exposure decreases pectoral imidazole dipeptide content in broiler chickens. This may be attributed to a lower expression of imidazole dipeptide-synthesizing genes, but higher levels of genes involved in their degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Katafuchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kamegawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Serina Goto
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Daichi Kuwahara
- Biotechnology Group, Innovation Technology Center, Central Technical Research Laboratory, ENEOS Corporation, Chidori-Cho 8, Naka-ku, Yokohama 231-0815, Japan
| | - Yukiko Osawa
- Biotechnology Group, Innovation Technology Center, Central Technical Research Laboratory, ENEOS Corporation, Chidori-Cho 8, Naka-ku, Yokohama 231-0815, Japan
| | - Saki Shimamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishihara
- Graduate School of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Daichi Ijiri
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Brugaletta G, Zampiga M, Laghi L, Indio V, Oliveri C, De Cesare A, Sirri F. Feeding broiler chickens with arginine above recommended levels: effects on growth performance, metabolism, and intestinal microbiota. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:33. [PMID: 36864475 PMCID: PMC9983211 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginine is an essential amino acid for chickens and feeding diets with arginine beyond the recommended levels has been shown to influence the growth performance of broiler chickens in a positive way. Nonetheless, further research is required to understand how arginine supplementation above the widely adopted dosages affects metabolism and intestinal health of broilers. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the effects of arginine supplementation (i.e., total arginine to total lysine ratio of 1.20 instead of 1.06-1.08 recommended by the breeding company) on growth performance of broiler chickens and to explore its impacts on the hepatic and blood metabolic profiles, as well as on the intestinal microbiota. For this purpose, 630 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 2 treatments (7 replicates each) fed a control diet or a crystalline L-arginine-supplemented diet for 49 d. RESULTS Compared to control birds, those supplemented with arginine performed significantly better exhibiting greater final body weight at D49 (3778 vs. 3937 g; P < 0.001), higher growth rate (76.15 vs. 79.46 g of body weight gained daily; P < 0.001), and lower cumulative feed conversion ratio (1.808 vs. 1.732; P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of arginine, betaine, histidine, and creatine were greater in supplemented birds than in their control counterparts, as were those of creatine, leucine and other essential amino acids at the hepatic level. In contrast, leucine concentration was lower in the caecal content of supplemented birds. Reduced alpha diversity and relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (specifically Escherichia coli), as well as increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus salivarius were found in the caecal content of supplemented birds. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in growth performance corroborates the advantages of supplementing arginine in broiler nutrition. It can be hypothesized that the performance enhancement found in this study is associated with the increased availability of arginine, betaine, histidine, and creatine in plasma and the liver, as well as to the ability of extra dietary arginine to potentially ameliorate intestinal conditions and microbiota of supplemented birds. However, the latter promising property, along with other research questions raised by this study, deserve further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Brugaletta
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Zampiga
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Laghi
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Indio
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Oliveri
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra De Cesare
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, 40064, Bologna, Italy.
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Sharula, Kai S, Okada T, Shimamoto S, Fujimura S. The short-term feeding of low- and high-histidine diets prior to market affects the muscle carnosine and anserine contents and meat quality of broilers. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13856. [PMID: 37528620 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Functional dipeptides carnosine and anserine are abundant in muscle. We determined the effect of short-term dietary histidine (His) content on muscle carnosine and anserine contents and meat quality of broilers. Three groups of 28-day-old female broilers were fed diets with His contents of 67%, 100%, or 150% of requirement for 10 days before market (His contents 0.21%, 0.32%, and 0.48%, respectively). The carnosine and anserine contents of 0-h aged muscle significantly increased with dietary His content; in particular, the carnosine content was 162% higher in the His 0.48% group than in the His 0.32% group. The contents of both peptides also increased with dietary His content in 48-h aged muscle, but carnosine was not detected in 0- and 48-h aged muscle of the His 0.21% group. The drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, and pH of meat were not affected by the dietary His content. The 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances contents of 24- and 48-h aged muscles were lower in the His 0.48% group than in the other groups, and the a* and b* values were lower in the His 0.21% group. These results suggest that short-term dietary His content affects imidazole dipeptide contents, antioxidative capacity, and color of broiler meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharula
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Toru Okada
- Aska Animal Health Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Shimamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinobu Fujimura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Metabolomic Analysis of Wooden Breast Myopathy Shows a Disturbed Lipid Metabolism. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010020. [PMID: 36676945 PMCID: PMC9862534 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopathies have risen strongly in recent years, likely linked to selection for appetite. For white striping (WS), causes have been identified; but for wooden breast (WB), the cause remains speculative. We used metabolomics to study the breast muscle of 51 birds that were scored for both at 35 days of age to better understand potential causes. A partial least square discriminant analysis revealed that WS and WB had distinct metabolic profiles, implying different etiologies. Arginine and proline metabolism were affected in both, although differently: WB increased arginine in breast muscle implying that the birds did not use this pathway to increase tissue blood flow. Antioxidant defenses were impeded as shown by low anserine and beta-alanine. In contrast, GSH and selenium concentrations were increased. Serine, linked to anti-inflammatory properties, was increased. Taurine, which can stabilize the cell's sarcolemma as well as modulate potassium channels and cellular calcium homeostasis, was also increased. Mineral data and depressed phosphatidylethanolamine, cAMP, and creatine-phosphate suggested compromised energy metabolism. WB also had drastically lower diet-derived lipids, suggesting compromised lipid digestion. In conclusion, WB may be caused by impaired lipid digestion triggered by a very high appetite: the ensuing deficiencies may well impair blood flow into muscle resulting in irreparable damage.
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Effects of dietary supplementation with histidine and β-alanine on blood plasma metabolome of broiler chickens at different ages. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277476. [PMID: 36374928 PMCID: PMC9662743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histidine is an essential amino acid for broiler chickens and a precursor for the dipeptides carnosine and anserine, but little information is available about its metabolism in modern, fast-growing broilers. We used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the metabolic changes caused by the use of different standardized ileal digestible His:Lys ratios in broiler diets with and without β-alanine supplementation. A total of 2204 broilers were randomly divided into 96 pens of 23 birds each. The pens were divided into 16 blocks, each containing one pen for all six feeding groups (total of 16 pens per group). These feeding groups were fed three different His:Lys ratios (0.44, 0.54, and 0.64, respectively) without and with a combination of 0.5% β-alanine supplementation. Five randomly selected chickens of one single randomly selected pen per feeding group were slaughtered on day 35 or 54, blood was collected from the neck vessel, and plasma was used for untargeted metabolomic analysis. Here we show that up to 56.0% of all metabolites analyzed were altered by age, whereas only 1.8% of metabolites were affected by the His:Lys ratio in the diet, and 1.5% by β-alanine supplementation. Two-factor analysis and metabolic pathway analysis showed no interaction between the His:Lys ratio and β-alanine supplementation. The effect of the His:Lys ratio in the diet was limited to histidine metabolism with a greater change in formiminoglutamate concentration. Supplementation of β-alanine showed changes in metabolites of several metabolic pathways; increased concentrations of 3-aminoisobutyrate showed the only direct relationship to β-alanine metabolism. The supplementation of β-alanine indicated few effects on histidine metabolism. These results suggest that the supplements used had limited effects or interactions on both His and β-alanine metabolism. In contrast, the birds’ age has the strongest influence on the metabolome.
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Komae S, Kasamatsu S, Ihara H. 2-Oxo-imidazole dipeptides in meat. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1576-1580. [PMID: 35977395 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
2-Oxo-imidazole dipeptides (2-oxo-IDPs) are highly functional, but it is unclear whether 2-oxo-IDPs exist in meat. Here, we measured 2-oxo-IDPs levels in meat and observed that it varied according to animal species and body parts. In addition, 2-oxo-IDPs in chicken breast extract increased after aeration in the presence of CuSO4/ascorbate, suggesting the potential of elevated 2-oxo-IDPs in effective usage of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somei Komae
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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Suwanvichanee C, Sinpru P, Promkhun K, Kubota S, Riou C, Molee W, Yongsawatdigul J, Thumanu K, Molee A. Effects of β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on carnosine contents in and quality and secondary structure of proteins in slow-growing Korat chicken meat. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101776. [PMID: 35303689 PMCID: PMC8927833 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine enrichment of slow-growing Korat chicken (KRC) meat helps differentiate KRC from mainstream chicken. We aimed to investigate the effects of β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on the carnosine synthesis in and quality and secondary structure of proteins in slow-growing KRC meat. Four hundred 21-day-old female KRC were used, and a completely randomized design was applied. The chickens were divided into 4 experimental groups: basal diet (A), basal diet supplemented with 1.0% β-alanine (B), 0.5% L-histidine (C), and 1.0% β-alanine combined with 0.5% L-histidine (D). Each group consisted of 5 replicates (20 chickens per replicate). On d 70, 2 chickens per replicate were slaughtered, and the levels of carnosine, anserine, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were analyzed. Biochemical changes were monitored using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy; 5 chickens per replicate were slaughtered, and the meat quality was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA). Group D chickens exhibited the highest carnosine meat content, followed by those in groups B and C. However, amino acid supplementation did not affect anserine content and growth performance. Higher carnosine levels correlated with increasing pH45 min and decreasing drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, and lipid oxidation. PCA revealed that supplementation with only β-alanine or L-histidine was related to increased content of β-sheets, β-turns, and aliphatic bending groups and decreased content of α-helix groups. This study is the first to report such findings in slow-growing chicken. Our findings suggest that KRC can synthesize the highest carnosine levels after both β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation. Higher carnosine contents do not adversely affect meat quality, improve meat texture, and alter the secondary structures of proteins. The molecular mechanism underlying carnosine synthesis in chickens needs further study to better understand and reveal markers that facilitate the development of nutrient selection programs.
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10
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Effects of feeding different histidine to lysine ratios on performance, meat quality, and the occurrence of breast myopathies in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101568. [PMID: 34923231 PMCID: PMC8693462 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern fast-growing broiler chickens, meat quality becomes increasingly important due to the occurrence of novel breast myopathies such as white striping (WS), woody breast (WB), and spaghetti meat (SM), compromising the sustainability of the poultry industry. Therefore, strategies for reducing the incidence of those myopathies are needed. This study focuses on the impact of different standard ileal digestible (SID) His:Lys ratios on growth performance, meat quality variables like pH, drip loss and pale-soft-exudative (PSE) meat as well as the incidence and severity of breast myopathies (WS, WB, SM), including deep pectoral myopathies (DPM). Thus, 440 male Ross 308 chickens were divided into 5 treatment groups with SID His:Lys ratios of 0.41, 0.45, 0.49, 0.53, and 0.57 in the feed, respectively. Performance was assessed on d 1, 10, 20, 33, and 38 of life. From each treatment group, 22 representative birds were slaughtered on d 38, 39, 40, and 41, respectively. All right fillets were examined 24 h after slaughter by 6 trained testers to assess the outcome of breast myopathies (3-point scale) and PSE-meat (presence and absence). Fillet weight, pH, and drip loss were recorded for selected fillets at different time points. The results of this trial showed no influence of the SID His:Lys ratios on growth performance or drip loss, whereas pH was slightly affected. The study showed a correlation between the occurrence of WB and WS (P < 0.001, normalized contingency coefficient = 0.576). A lower incidence of WB (P = 0.008) was observed in the group fed an SID His:Lys ratio of 0.45 compared with the group fed the lowest ratio of 0.41. For WS, a higher incidence was observed in broilers fed an SID His:Lys ratio of 0.49 (P = 0.002) and 0.53 (P = 0.036) when compared to 0.41. The occurrence of PSE was increased by feeding SID His:Lys at 0.51 (P = 0.008) compared to the lowest ratio. This study showed that the level of His in broiler feed had an impact on the occurrence of breast myopathies, but only WB could be decreased.
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Lackner J, Albrecht A, Mittler M, Marx A, Kreyenschmidt J, Hess V, Sauerwein H. Effect of feeding histidine and β-alanine on carnosine concentration, growth performance, and meat quality of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101393. [PMID: 34530228 PMCID: PMC8445889 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high growth rates of modern broiler breeds increased the risk for novel breast muscle myopathies as serious quality issue, relevant for the industry. In affected muscles, a depletion of the dipeptides carnosine and anserine was reported. Therefore, this study was performed to test whether a supplementation of the precursors histidine and β-alanine, alone or in combination can increase the dipeptide content in the breast muscle and improve meat quality. Ross 308 broiler chickens were supplemented with 3 different histidine:lysine ratios (0.44, 0.54, 0.64) of standardized ileal digestible amino acids (SID) combined with 0 or 0.5% β-alanine in total. The birds’ performance was recorded at different ages: birds were slaughtered in 2 batches after 33 and 53 d of life. Meat quality was tested at different time points after slaughter on breast fillets stored aerobically. The concentration of the dipeptides and amino acids in blood plasma and muscle tissue was tested postmortem at 35 and 54 d. All performance and meat quality data, as well as peptide and amino acid concentrations, of the 2 × 2 × 3 randomized block design were analyzed separately for the influence of both supplements and for slaughter age. Moreover, the influence of storage time was analyzed separately for meat quality parameters. At both slaughter ages, lesser feed intake (P ≤ 0.005) and breast yield (P ≤ 0.05) were observed in the birds receiving β-alanine. A greater SID histidine:lysine ratio increased the carnosine concentrations in blood plasma (P < 0.001) and in skeletal muscle (P < 0.001), whereas β-alanine increased carnosine in plasma at 35 d only (P = 0.004). Anserine was increased in plasma and muscle of older birds (P = 0.003), whereas carnosine was reduced in muscle tissue (P < 0.001). The main impact on meat quality parameters was seen for the age of the birds and storage time of the fillets. In conclusion, the supplementation of histidine increased carnosine in breast muscle but both supplements showed only minor effects on meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lackner
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany; Institute of Animal Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - A Albrecht
- Institute of Animal Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Mittler
- Institute of Animal Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - A Marx
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - J Kreyenschmidt
- Institute of Animal Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Fresh Produce Logistics, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Straße 1 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - V Hess
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9 53115 Bonn, Germany
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12
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Kubota S, Promkhun K, Sinpru P, Suwanvichanee C, Molee W, Molee A. RNA Profiles of the Korat Chicken Breast Muscle with Increased Carnosine Content Produced through Dietary Supplementation with β-Alanine or L-Histidine. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092596. [PMID: 34573562 PMCID: PMC8464878 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Carnosine is a bioactive food component with several potential health benefits for humans due to its physiological functions. Dietary supplementation with β-alanine or L-histidine can increase the carnosine content of skeletal muscles in chickens. Dietary supplementation with β-alanine or L-histidine has produced a slow-growing chicken variety with high carnosine content in the breast meat; however, the supplementation with L-histidine alone softens the meat toughness, which may affect consumers’ willingness to buy the meat. Gene expression is a key factor that influences meat quality. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that affect carnosine content and meat toughness would allow the production of more value-added slow-growing chickens. We compared global gene expression in chicken breast muscles with differing carnosine contents and meat toughness produced through dietary supplementation with β-alanine or L-histidine. We identified differentially expressed genes involved in regulating myosin, collagen, intramuscular fat, and calpain—factors that may affect meat tenderness. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the insulin-related and adipocytokine signaling pathways were altered by dietary supplementation with β-alanine or L-histidine. These data will be useful for future studies on carnosine content and meat toughness in slow-growing chickens. Abstract Korat chicken (KRC) is a slow-growing chicken bred in Thailand, whose meat exhibits a unique toughness. A previous study produced KRC breast meat containing high carnosine content through dietary supplementation with β-alanine or L-histidine; however, the KRC that were fed an L-histidine-supplemented diet produced meat that was significantly more tender. Herein, we performed RNA-Seq to identify candidate genes involved in the regulation of carnosine content and meat toughness. Total RNA was isolated from five female KRC breast muscles in each treatment group that KRC fed diets without supplementation, supplemented with β-alanine or L-histidine. Compared to the non-supplemented group, we identified 118 and 198 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the β-alanine or L-histidine supplementation groups, respectively. Genes potentially related to meat tenderness—i.e., those regulating myosin, collagen, intramuscular fat, and calpain—were upregulated (LOC107051274, ACSBG1, and CAPNS2) and downregulated (MYO7B, MYBPH, SERPINH1, and PGAM1). However, carnosine synthase gene was not identified. Functional enrichment analysis identified pathways affected by dietary supplementation, including the insulin signaling pathway (β-alanine supplementation) and the insulin resistance and adipocytokine signaling pathways (L-histidine supplementation). The FoxO signaling pathway was identified as a regulatory network for both supplementation groups. The identified genes can be used as molecular markers of meat tenderness in slow-growing chickens.
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Qi B, Wang J, Hu M, Ma Y, Wu S, Qi G, Qiu K, Zhang H. Influences of Beta-Alanine and l-Histidine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Carnosine Content, and mRNA Expression of Carnosine-Related Enzymes in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082265. [PMID: 34438723 PMCID: PMC8388462 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, much attention has been paid to developing functional meat, which contains more functional peptides to impart health benefits. Poultry meat is a good source of imidazole dipeptides (carnosine and its derivative anserine), which are active endogenous constituents and may convey versatile physiological functions to promote health conditions. Carnosine is synthesized from l-histidine and beta-alanine. Dietary addition of histidine and/or beta-alanine may elevate the carnosine content in broiler meat. The current study further investigated the interaction of l-histidine and beta-alanine supplementation on carnosine content, meat quality, and gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers, which can facilitate a better understanding of the relationship between l-histidine and beta-alanine in carnosine synthesis. Abstract The current study investigated the effect of dietary l-histidine and beta-alanine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, carnosine content, and gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers. A two-factor design was adopted in this study. A total of 640 1-day-old male broilers were assigned to eight treatments with factorial arrangement containing four levels of l-histidine (0, 650, 1300, or 1950 mg/kg) and two levels of beta-alanine (0 or 1200 mg/kg) supplementation; 0 mg/kg histidine and/or 0 mg/kg were treated as control groups. Each treatment including eight replicates with 10 birds each and the feeding trial lasted for 42 days. Dietary supplementation with l-histidine and beta-alanine did not affect average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers during the grower (22–42 days) and the entire phase (1–42 days), compared with the control group (p > 0.05). The only exception was a significantly reduced ADG in the 1950 mg/kg l-histidine group in the starter period (1–21 days, p < 0.05). l-Histidine at 1950 mg/kg significantly decreased redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values of the meat at 45 min postmortem (p < 0.05), whereas it increased b* value and pH in breast muscle at 24 h postmortem. Moreover, dietary supplementation with beta-alanine alone or combination with l-histidine significantly increased ΔpH in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary l-histidine markedly increased total superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) both in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and in plasma (p < 0.01), and it decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary addition of beta-alanine, alone or combination, significantly increased T-AOC in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and markedly decreased MDA content both in breast muscle and in plasma (p < 0.01). Addition of l-histidine and beta-alanine significantly increased muscle peptide (carnosine and anserine) content (p < 0.05) and upregulated the expression of carnosine synthase, transporter of carnosine/ l-histidine, and l-histidine decarboxylase genes (p < 0.05), with greater change occurring in the combination group of 1300 mg/kg l-histidine and 1200 mg/kg beta-alanine. Overall, dietary l-histidine and beta-alanine could improve meat quality and antioxidant capacity, enhance the carnosine and anserine content, and upregulate the gene expression of carnosine synthesis-related enzymes in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria 3011, Australia
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Meng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Youbiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Kai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.Q.); (J.W.); (M.H.); (Y.M.); (S.W.); (G.Q.); (K.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-1136-4279
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14
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Carnosine Content and Its Association with Carnosine-Related Gene Expression in Breast Meat of Thai Native and Black-Bone Chicken. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071987. [PMID: 34359114 PMCID: PMC8300356 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the carnosine content and ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (CARNS1) gene expression and their relationship with breast meat of Black Chinese (BC), KU-Phuparn (KP), Pradu Hang Dam (PD), and Black Chinese × Pradu Hang Dam (Sri Mok: SM) to aid in the selection and mating programs for developing functional meat in Thai chicken populations. The results show that the carnosine content in each breed and breed group varied from 428.08 to 553.93 mg/100 g, whereas the relative expression of CARNS1 ranged from 0.84 to 1.56. The BC and KP chicken breeds had a higher carnosine content (p < 0.01) and higher CARNS1 expression level (p < 0.05) than the SM and PD chicken breeds. The carnosine content and relative gene expression for each age ranged from 423.02 to 577.83 mg/100 g and 0.68 to 1.83, respectively. At 4 weeks of age, the carnosine content (p < 0.01) and gene expression (p < 0.05) were the highest. However, they decreased as chicken age increased further. The carnosine content and gene expression linearly decreased as chicken age increased (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient between the level of gene expression and carnosine content was moderately positive. The results from this study showed that different breeds and ages of chickens have different amounts of carnosine, and CARNS1 could act as a biomarker to study marker-assisted selection to improve functional meat in the chicken population in Thailand.
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15
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Jukić I, Kolobarić N, Stupin A, Matić A, Kozina N, Mihaljević Z, Mihalj M, Šušnjara P, Stupin M, Ćurić ŽB, Selthofer-Relatić K, Kibel A, Lukinac A, Kolar L, Kralik G, Kralik Z, Széchenyi A, Jozanović M, Galović O, Medvidović-Kosanović M, Drenjančević I. Carnosine, Small but Mighty-Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1037. [PMID: 34203479 PMCID: PMC8300828 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is present in all vertebrates. Carnosine has a number of beneficial antioxidant properties. For example, carnosine scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes created by peroxidation of fatty acid cell membranes during oxidative stress. Carnosine can oppose glycation, and it can chelate divalent metal ions. Carnosine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by protecting podocyte and mesangial cells, and can slow down aging. Its component, the amino acid beta-alanine, is particularly interesting as a dietary supplement for athletes because it increases muscle carnosine, and improves effectiveness of exercise and stimulation and contraction in muscles. Carnosine is widely used among athletes in the form of supplements, but rarely in the population of cardiovascular or diabetic patients. Much less is known, if any, about its potential use in enriched food. In the present review, we aimed to provide recent knowledge on carnosine properties and distribution, its metabolism (synthesis and degradation), and analytical methods for carnosine determination, since one of the difficulties is the measurement of carnosine concentration in human samples. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of carnosine's biological effects in musculature, metabolism and on immunomodulation are discussed. Finally, this review provides a section on carnosine supplementation in the form of functional food and potential health benefits and up to the present, neglected clinical use of carnosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Ana Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Marko Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Breškić Ćurić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, Zvonarska 57, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Kibel
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Lukinac
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Luka Kolar
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vukovar General Hospital, HR-32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Nutricin j.d.o.o. Darda, HR-31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Olivera Galović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Medvidović-Kosanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
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16
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Kidd MT, Maynard CW, Mullenix GJ. Progress of amino acid nutrition for diet protein reduction in poultry. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:45. [PMID: 33814010 PMCID: PMC8020538 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest among nutritionists in feeding reduced protein diets to broiler chickens. Although nearly a century of research has been conducted providing biochemical insights on the impact of reduced protein diets for broilers, practical limitation still exists. The present review was written to provide insights on further reducing dietary protein in broilers. To construct this review, eighty-nine peer reviewed manuscripts in the area of amino acid nutrition in poultry were critiqued. Hence, nutritional research areas of low protein diets, threonine, glycine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, and glutamine have been assessed and combined in this text, thus providing concepts into reduced protein diets for broilers. In addition, linkages between the cited work and least cost formation ingredient and nutrient matrix considerations are provided. In conclusion, practical applications in feeding reduced protein diets to broilers are advancing, but more work is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - C W Maynard
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - G J Mullenix
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
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The role of histidine dipeptides on postmortem acidification of broiler muscles with different energy metabolism. Poult Sci 2020; 100:1299-1307. [PMID: 33518087 PMCID: PMC7858186 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally held that the content of several free amino acids and dipeptides is closely related to the energy-supplying metabolism of skeletal muscles. Metabolic characteristics of muscles are involved in the variability of meat quality due to their ability to influence the patterns of energy metabolism not only in living animal but also during postmortem time. Within this context, this study aimed at establishing whether the concentration of histidine dipeptides can affect muscle postmortem metabolism, examining the glycolytic pathway of 3 chicken muscles (pectoralis major, extensor iliotibialis lateralis, and gastrocnemius internus as glycolytic, intermediate, and oxidative-type, respectively) selected based on their histidine dipeptides content and ultimate pH. Thus, a total of 8 carcasses were obtained from the same flock of broiler chickens (Ross 308 strain, females, 49 d of age, 2.8 kg body weight at slaughter) and selected immediately after evisceration from the line of a commercial processing plant. Meat samples of about 1 cm3 were excised from bone-in muscles at 15, 60, 120, and 1,440 min postmortem, instantly frozen in liquid nitrogen and used for the determination of pH, glycolytic metabolites, buffering capacity as well as histidine dipeptides content through 1H-NMR. Overall results suggest that glycolysis in leg muscles ceased already after 2 h postmortem, whereas in breast muscle continued until 24 h, when it exhibited significantly lower pH values (P < 0.05). However, considering its remarkable glycolytic potential, pectoralis major muscle should have exhibited a greater and faster acidification, suggesting that its higher (P < 0.05) histidine dipeptides' content might have prevented a potentially stronger acidification process. Accordingly, breast muscle also showed greater (P < 0.05) buffering ability in the pH range 6.0–7.0. Therefore, anserine and carnosine, being highly positively correlated with muscle's buffering capacity (P < 0.001), might play a role in regulating postmortem pH decline, thus exerting an effect on muscle metabolism during prerigor phase and the quality of the forthcoming meat. Overall results also suggest that total histidine dipeptides content along with muscular ultimate pH represent good indicators for the energy-supplying metabolism of chicken muscles.
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Antioxidative Characteristics of Chicken Breast Meat and Blood after Diet Supplementation with Carnosine, L-histidine, and β-alanine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111093. [PMID: 33171823 PMCID: PMC7695160 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to test the effect of diets supplemented with β-alanine, L-histidine, and carnosine on the histidine dipeptide content and the antioxidative status of chicken breast muscles and blood. One-day-old Hubbard Flex male chickens were assigned to five treatments: control diet (C) and control diet supplemented with 0.18% L-histidine (ExpH), 0.3% β-alanine (ExpA), a mix of L-histidine\β-alanine (ExpH+A), and 0.27% carnosine (ExpCar). After 28 days, chicken breast muscles and blood samples were analyzed for the antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)), carnosine and anserine content, amino acid profile, and anti-radical activity (ABTS, DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)). The results of the study showed that carnosine supplementation effectively increased body weight and breast muscle share in chicken carcasses. Carnosine and L-histidine supplementation with or without β-alanine increased carnosine content in chicken breast muscles up to 20% (p = 0.003), but the boost seems to be too low to affect the potential antioxidant capacity and amino acid content. The β-alanine-enriched diet lowered dipeptide concentration in chicken blood serum (p = 0.002) and activated catalase in chicken breast muscles in relation to the control group (p = 0.003). It can be concluded that histidine or dipeptide supplementation of chicken diets differently affected the total antioxidant potential: in breast muscles, it increased dipeptide content, while in blood cell sediment (rich in erythrocytes), increased SOD and GPx activities were observed.
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Kouba M, Kos Durjava M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Glandorf B, Herman L, Maradona Prieto M, Saarela M, Tosti L, Anguita M, Galobart J, Holczknecht O, Manini P, Tarres-Call J, Pettenati E, Pizzo F. Safety and efficacy of l-histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli (NITE BP-02526) for all animal species. EFSA J 2020; 17:e05785. [PMID: 32626407 PMCID: PMC7009181 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on l‐histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli (NITE BP‐02526) when used as a nutritional additive or as a feed flavouring compound in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. The product under assessment is l‐histidine HCl H2O produced by fermentation with a genetically modified strain of E. coli (NITE BP‐02526). The production strain and its recombinant DNA were not detected in the final products. l‐Histidine HCl H2O does not give rise to any safety concern to the production strain. The use of l‐histidine HCl H2O is safe for the target species when used to supplement the diet in appropriate amounts. It is safe at the proposed use level of 25 mg/kg when used as a flavouring compound for all animal species. The use of l‐histidine HCl H2O in animal nutrition raises no safety concerns for consumers of animal products. The additive is not irritating to the skin or eyes and is not a skin sensitiser. There is a risk for persons handling the additive from the exposure to endotoxins by inhalation. The use of l‐histidine as a feed additive does not represent a risk to the environment. The additive l‐histidine HCl H2O is regarded as an effective source of the amino acid l‐histidine when used as a nutritional additive. For the supplemental l‐histidine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non‐ruminant species, it requires protection against degradation in the rumen. It is also considered efficacious as a feed flavouring compound under the proposed conditions of use.
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20
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Moro J, Tomé D, Schmidely P, Demersay TC, Azzout-Marniche D. Histidine: A Systematic Review on Metabolism and Physiological Effects in Human and Different Animal Species. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1414. [PMID: 32423010 PMCID: PMC7284872 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histidine is an essential amino acid (EAA) in mammals, fish, and poultry. We aim to give an overview of the metabolism and physiological effects of histidine in humans and different animal species through a systematic review following the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). In humans, dietary histidine may be associated with factors that improve metabolic syndrome and has an effect on ion absorption. In rats, histidine supplementation increases food intake. It also provides neuroprotection at an early stage and could protect against epileptic seizures. In chickens, histidine is particularly important as a limiting factor for carnosine synthesis, which has strong anti-oxidant effects. In fish, dietary histidine may be one of the most important factors in preventing cataracts. In ruminants, histidine is a limiting factor for milk protein synthesis and could be the first limiting AA for growth. In excess, histidine supplementation can be responsible for eating and memory disorders in humans and can induce growth retardation and metabolic dysfunction in most species. To conclude, the requirements for histidine, like for other EAA, have been derived from growth and AA composition in tissues and also have specific metabolic roles depending on species and dietary levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moro
- AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Tomé
- AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Philippe Schmidely
- AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR0791 Mosar, 75005 Paris, France;
| | | | - Dalila Azzout-Marniche
- AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (D.T.)
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Effects of histidine load on ammonia, amino acid, and adenine nucleotide concentrations in rats. Amino Acids 2019; 51:1667-1680. [PMID: 31712921 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The unique capability of proton buffering is the rationale for using histidine (HIS) as a component of solutions for induction of cardiac arrest and myocardial protection in cardiac surgery. In humans, infusion of cardioplegic solution may increase blood plasma HIS from ~ 70 to ~ 21,000 µM. We examined the effects of a large intravenous dose of HIS on ammonia and amino acid concentrations and energy status of the body. Rats received 198 mM HIS intravenously (20 ml/kg) or vehicle. Samples of blood plasma, urine, liver, and soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were analysed at 2 or 24 h after treatment. At 2 h after HIS load, we found higher HIS concentration in all examined tissues, higher urea and ammonia concentrations in blood and urine, lower ATP content and higher AMP/ATP ratio in the liver and muscles, higher concentrations of almost all examined amino acids in urine, and lower glycine concentration in blood plasma, liver, and muscles when compared with controls. Changes in other amino acids were tissue dependent, markedly increased alanine and glutamate in the blood and the liver. At 24 h, the main findings were lower ATP concentrations in muscles, lower concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) in blood plasma and muscles, and higher carnosine content in SOL when compared with controls. It is concluded that a load of large HIS dose results in increased ammonia levels and marked alterations in amino acid and energy metabolism. Pathogenesis is discussed in the article.
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Barbaresi S, Maertens L, Claeys E, Derave W, De Smet S. Differences in muscle histidine-containing dipeptides in broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5680-5686. [PMID: 31150113 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poultry meat has high levels of histidine-containing dipeptides (HCD) and consumption of meat rich in HCD may elicit certain health benefits. The aim of this work was to compare the HCD content (anserine and carnosine) in the breast and thigh muscles of two broiler strains differing in growth rate, feeding regime, and age at slaughter. A 3 (production system) × 2 (sex) × 2 (age at slaughter) full factorial arrangement was applied with fast-growing Ross 308 chicks fed ad libitum (ROSS-AL), slow-growing Sasso T451 chicks fed ad libitum (SASSO-AL), and Ross 308 chicks given limited feeding (ROSS-LIM). At the age of 40 and 62 days, eight birds per production system × sex combination were randomly selected for sampling of the breast and thigh muscle. Muscle HCD content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Across treatments, levels of anserine were 2.5- and 1.9-fold higher than carnosine in breast and thigh muscle respectively (P < 0.001), and levels of anserine and carnosine were 2.2- and 2.8-fold higher respectively in breast versus thigh muscle (P < 0.001). In breast muscle, SASSO-AL had higher levels of HCD than ROSS-AL and ROSS-LIM (P < 0.001). Considering different market meat types, breast muscle of 62-day-old SASSO-AL birds had more than threefold higher content of HCD compared to thigh muscle of 40-day-old ROSS-AL birds (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Large differences in muscle HCD content were found, varying according to type of muscle and broiler. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Barbaresi
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Erik Claeys
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Biology, LANUPRO, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Biology, LANUPRO, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Cong J, Zhang L, Li J, Wang S, Gao F, Zhou G. Effects of dietary supplementation with carnosine on growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and muscle fiber characteristics in broiler chickens. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3733-3741. [PMID: 28120335 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of dietary carnosine were evaluated on the growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and muscle fiber characteristics in thigh muscle of 256 one-day-old male broilers assigned to four diets - basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 or 400 mg kg-1 carnosine respectively - during a 42 day experiment. RESULTS Carnosine concentration and carnosine synthase expression in thigh muscle were linearly increased (P < 0.05) and the feed/gain ratio was decreased (P < 0.05) in the starter period by carnosine addition. Dietary supplementation with carnosine resulted in linear increases in pH45min , redness and cohesiveness and decreases in drip loss, cooking loss, shear force and hardness (P < 0.05). Carnosine addition elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced contents of malondialdehyde and carbonyl compounds (P < 0.05). Dietary carnosine linearly decreased diameters and increased densities of muscle fibers (P < 0.01). The ratios of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) I and IIa were increased while that of MyHC IIb was decreased (P < 0.01). The mRNA expressions of genes related to fiber type transformation were linearly up-regulated (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings indicated that carnosine supplementation was beneficial to improve the growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and muscle fiber characteristics of broilers. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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BLANCQUAERT LAURA, EVERAERT INGE, MISSINNE MAARTEN, BAGUET AUDREY, STEGEN SANNE, VOLKAERT ANNEKE, PETROVIC MIRKO, VERVAET CHRIS, ACHTEN ERIC, DE MAEYER MIEKE, DE HENAUW STEFAAN, DERAVE WIM. Effects of Histidine and β-alanine Supplementation on Human Muscle Carnosine Storage. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:602-609. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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