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Varnai R, Szabo I, Tarlos G, Szentpeteri LJ, Sik A, Balogh S, Sipeky C. Pharmacogenomic biomarker information differences between drug labels in the United States and Hungary: implementation from medical practitioner view. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 20:380-387. [PMID: 31787752 PMCID: PMC7253355 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacogenomic biomarker availability of Hungarian Summaries of Product Characteristics (SmPC) was assembled and compared with the information in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug labels of the same active substance (July 2019). The level of action of these biomarkers was assessed from The Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase database. From the identified 264 FDA approved drugs with pharmacogenomic biomarkers in drug label, 195 are available in Hungary. From them, 165 drugs include pharmacogenomic data disposing 222 biomarkers. Most of them are metabolizing enzymes (46%) and pharmacological targets (41%). The most frequent therapeutic area is oncology (37%), followed by infectious diseases (12%) and psychiatry (9%) (p < 0.00001). Most common biomarkers in Hungarian SmPCs are CYP2D6, CYP2C19, estrogen and progesterone hormone receptor (ESR, PGS). Importantly, US labels present more specific pharmacogenomic subheadings, the level of action has a different prominence, and offer more applicable dose modifications than Hungarians (5% vs 3%). However, Hungarian SmPCs are at 9 oncology drugs stricter than FDA, testing is obligatory before treatment. Out of the biomarkers available in US drug labels, 62 are missing completely from Hungarian SmPCs (p < 0.00001). Most of these belong to oncology (42%) and in case of 11% of missing biomarkers testing is required before treatment. In conclusion, more factual, clear, clinically relevant pharmacogenomic information in Hungarian SmPCs would reinforce implementation of pharmacogenetics. Underpinning future perspective is to support regulatory stakeholders to enhance inclusion of pharmacogenomic biomarkers into Hungarian drug labels and consequently enhance personalized medicine in Hungary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka Varnai
- Department of Primary Health Care, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7623, Pécs, Rákóczi u 2, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7621, Pécs, Vörösmarty u 4, Hungary
| | - Istvan Szabo
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, Hungary.,Faculty of Sciences, Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, Hungary
| | - Greta Tarlos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Rokus u 2, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Jozsef Szentpeteri
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Hungary
| | - Attila Sik
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Hungary
| | - Sandor Balogh
- Department of Primary Health Care, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7623, Pécs, Rákóczi u 2, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sipeky
- Insitute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
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Song YK, Han N, Burckart GJ, Oh JM. International Coherence of Pediatric Drug Labeling for Drug Safety: Comparison of Approved Labels in Korea and the United States. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 107:530-540. [PMID: 31544241 PMCID: PMC7028218 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze information on pediatric use in Korean drug product labels and compare it with that in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) labeling information. Prescription information on pediatric use contained in the commonly used drugs’ product labels approved by Korean government was compared with that approved by the FDA. Among the top 50 commonly prescribed drugs, 20 drugs were deemed to have insufficient prescribing information in Korean drug labels. Pediatric prescribing information regarding indication, approved age, formulations, and safety was insufficient in Korean drug labels compared with those in the FDA. Most important, the adverse events frequently reported in Korean children were not sufficiently presented in drug labels. In conclusion, this study highlights the urgent need for the Korean regulatory agency to encourage and accelerate research and development to increase the extent of pediatric prescribing information to be added to drug labels to promote appropriate drug prescribing for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kyoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Nayoung Han
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gilbert J Burckart
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jung Mi Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The events leading up to the discovery of genetically controlled polymorphic metabolism of xenobiotics and pharmaceutical chemicals are briefly summarised with the salient historical features being emphasised. Especial attention has been given to seminal works in the then emerging field.The evolving knowledge of such polymorphic metabolism and its role in the quest for personalised medicine and the individualisation of patient drug therapy are appraised. Opinion is offered as to whether or not the full potential has been exploited and if the practical application of this information may be regarded as a success or failure within the present clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Smith
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen C Mitchell
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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4
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Dysregulation of lipids in Alzheimer's disease and their role as potential biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:810-827. [PMID: 28242299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and an intensive study of these lipids may be informative, not only of normal brain function but also of changes with age and in disease. In recent years, the development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry platforms and other high-throughput technologies has enabled the discovery of complex changes in the entire lipidome. This lipidomics approach promises to be a particularly useful tool for identifying diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of age-related neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has till recently been limited to protein- and gene-centric approaches. This review highlights known lipid changes affecting the AD brain and presents an update on the progress of lipid biomarker research in AD. Important considerations for designing large-scale lipidomics experiments are discussed to help standardize findings across different laboratories, as well as challenges associated with moving toward clinical application.
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Rieder M, Hawcutt D. Design and conduct of early phase drug studies in children: challenges and opportunities. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 82:1308-1314. [PMID: 27353241 PMCID: PMC5061783 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has historically been very difficult to conduct early phase drug studies in children for a number of reasons related to ethics, acceptability, rarity, standardization, end points, safety, dosing and feasibility. Over the past decade there have been a number of developments including novel clinical trial design, in silico pharmacology and microdosing that have significantly enhanced the ability of investigators to conduct early phase drug studies in children. While the evolution of drug therapy is creating a series of new challenges, there has never been a better time for conducting drug studies in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rieder
- Department of Paediatrics, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Daniel Hawcutt
- NIHR Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Green DJ, Mummaneni P, Kim IW, Oh JM, Pacanowski M, Burckart GJ. Pharmacogenomic information in FDA-approved drug labels: Application to pediatric patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 99:622-32. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- DJ Green
- Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology Staff, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - P Mummaneni
- Genomics and Targeted Therapy Group, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - IW Kim
- School of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - JM Oh
- School of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - M Pacanowski
- Genomics and Targeted Therapy Group, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - GJ Burckart
- Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology Staff, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland USA
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Banihani SA. Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists and Semen Quality. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 118:9-13. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saleem A. Banihani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid Jordan
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