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Amaral HLDC, Bergmann FB, Santos PRS, Remião MH, Krüger RF, Silveira T. Distribution of phoretic mites and lice in Pseudolynchia canariensis living on pigeons and the relationship with seasonality, carrier sex, plumage coloration and age of definitive hosts. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107068. [PMID: 37951328 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the parasites, some groups that have a limited capacity for locomotion, such as mites and lice, the transmission is challenging to win. These ectoparasites disperse through direct contact between hosts or, in some cases, through phoresy. However, these processes are not well-documented in detail because they are difficult to observe and quantify. In the present study, the patterns of distribution of skin mites and phoretic lice on hippoboscid louse fly Pseudolynchia canariensis sampled from Columba livia were evaluated. The analyzed pigeons were juveniles and adults, with three distinct plumage colors: blue checker, spread, or wild type, and were caught over 24 months. A total of 1,381 hippoboscid flies were collected on 377 hosts. The plumage color did not influence the infestation patterns of louse flies on juvenile and adult pigeons, nor did it influence the infestation patterns of skin mites and phoretic lice on the hippoboscid flies. However, the environmental temperature was directly related to higher prevalence, mean infestation intensity, and phoretic species richness on P. canariensis during the hottest seasons. Furthermore, a higher abundance of phoretic mite eggs, including embryonated eggs, was observed in females of P. canariensis in all seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Leonardo da Cunha Amaral
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Instituto de Biologia: Travessa André Dreyfus, s/n - Prédio 19, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 96010-610, Brazil.
| | - Fabiane Borba Bergmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Härter Remião
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Instituto de Biologia: Travessa André Dreyfus, s/n - Prédio 19, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Tony Silveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Being Dark is Better: A Feral Pigeon Plumage Polymorphism as a Response to Urban Environments in Slovakia. EKOLÓGIA (BRATISLAVA) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/eko-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and plumage phenotypes of the feral pigeon, Columba livia forma urbana (Gmelin, 1789), in Slovakia. Censuses carried out in the built-up areas of 16 towns and cities from November to February (2012–2018) counted and evaluated 3,123 individual birds. The most frequent were melanic colored birds (checker, T-pattern and spread phenotypes), which predominated in the population (51.6%, n = 1,613), followed by paler ones (42.1%, n = 1,316) and other types (6.2%, n = 194). A statistically significant difference was confirmed among the melanic and paler plumage phenotypes (χ2 = 81.49, df = 15, p < 0.0001). Correlation confirmed the different importance of city area and human density on the maintenance of dark and/or pale pigeons living in cities.
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3
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Pick JL, Hatakeyama M, Ihle KE, Gasparini J, Haussy C, Ishishita S, Matsuda Y, Yoshimura T, Kanaoka MM, Shimizu‐Inatsugi R, Shimizu KK, Tschirren B. Artificial selection reveals the role of transcriptional constraints in the maintenance of life history variation. Evol Lett 2020; 4:200-211. [PMID: 32547781 PMCID: PMC7293072 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The trade-off between reproduction and self-maintenance is a cornerstone of life history theory, yet its proximate underpinnings are elusive. Here, we used an artificial selection approach to create replicated lines of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) that differ genetically in their reproductive investment. Whole transcriptome sequencing revealed that females from lines selected for high reproductive output show a consistent upregulation of genes associated with reproduction but a simultaneous downregulation of immune genes. Concordant phenotypic differences in immune function (i.e., specific antibody response against keyhole limpet hemocyanin) were observed between the selection lines, even in males who do not provide parental care. Our findings demonstrate the key role of obligate transcriptional constraints in the maintenance of life history variation. These constraints set fundamental limits to productivity and health in natural and domestic animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel L. Pick
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Current Address: Institute of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Masaomi Hatakeyama
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
| | - Kate E. Ihle
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENSParisFrance
| | - Claudy Haussy
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENSParisFrance
| | - Satoshi Ishishita
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoya464–8602Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoya464–8602Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoya464–8602Japan
| | | | - Rie Shimizu‐Inatsugi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
| | - Kentaro K. Shimizu
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland
- Kihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City UniversityYokohama244–0813Japan
| | - Barbara Tschirren
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynTR10 9FEUnited Kingdom
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4
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Côte J, Boniface A, Blanchet S, Hendry AP, Gasparini J, Jacquin L. Melanin-based coloration and host-parasite interactions under global change. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 285:rspb.2018.0285. [PMID: 29848644 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of parasites in shaping melanin-based colour polymorphism, and the consequences of colour polymorphism for disease resistance, remain debated. Here we review recent evidence of the links between melanin-based coloration and the behavioural and immunological defences of vertebrates against their parasites. First we propose that (1) differences between colour morphs can result in variable exposure to parasites, either directly (certain colours might be more or less attractive to parasites) or indirectly (variations in behaviour and encounter probability). Once infected, we propose that (2) immune variation between differently coloured individuals might result in different abilities to cope with parasite infection. We then discuss (3) how these different abilities could translate into variable sexual and natural selection in environments varying in parasite pressure. Finally, we address (4) the potential role of parasites in the maintenance of melanin-based colour polymorphism, especially in the context of global change and multiple stressors in human-altered environments. Because global change will probably affect both coloration and the spread of parasitic diseases in the decades to come, future studies should take into account melanin-based coloration to better predict the evolutionary responses of animals to changing disease risk in human-altered environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Côte
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique EDB, UMR 5174, UPS; CNRS; ENSFEA; IRD, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - A Boniface
- Department of Biology & Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Blanchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale SETE, UMR 5321, UPS, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - A P Hendry
- Department of Biology & Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Gasparini
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - L Jacquin
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique EDB, UMR 5174, UPS; CNRS; ENSFEA; IRD, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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How do seasonality and host traits influence the distribution patterns of parasites on juveniles and adults of Columba livia? Acta Trop 2017; 176:305-310. [PMID: 28859962 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parasites may influence host fitness and consequently exert a selective pressure on distinct phenotypes of the host population. This pressure can result in an evolutionary response, maintaining only individuals with certain traits in the population. The present study was aimed at identifying the morphological characteristics of juveniles and adults of Columba livia that may influence the distribution patterns of lice, Pseudolynchia canariensis and Haemoproteus columbae and how the populations of these parasites vary throughout the seasons of the year. Between July 2012 and July 2014, 377 specimens of C. livia were captured. We observed a significant increase in the mean intensities of infestation by pigeon flies and lice, as well as in species richness of ectoparasites during the warmest seasons, suggesting a reproductive synchrony between ectoparasites and host species. Bill length, body mass, and body length did not affect the infestation levels of ectoparasites on adults and juveniles of C. livia with three distinct plumage colors. In juveniles, plumage color affected only the mean intensity of infestation by lice, with Spread individuals as the most infested. This indicates that melanin in feathers was not an effective barrier against ectoparasites.
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6
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Chatelain M, Pessato A, Frantz A, Gasparini J, Leclaire S. Do trace metals influence visual signals? Effects of trace metals on iridescent and melanic feather colouration in the feral pigeon. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chatelain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
- Warsaw Univ., Center of New Technologies, S. Banacha 2c; PL-02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anaϊs Pessato
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS; Montpellier France
| | - Adrien Frantz
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
| | - Sarah Leclaire
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS; Montpellier France
- Laboratoire Evolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 (CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, ENFA); Toulouse France
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Ismail A, Jacquin L, Haussy C, Perret S, Gasparini J. Transfer of humoural immunity over two generations in urban pigeons. Biol Lett 2016; 11:rsbl.2015.0780. [PMID: 26559513 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal antibodies (MatAb) are known to provide passive protection early in life for young vertebrates but their effects on the development of offspring immune response across generations are still unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of antigen exposure (keyhole limpet haemocyanin, KLH) experienced by urban pigeon (Columba livia) females on the amount of antigen-specific antibodies (Abs) transferred into the egg yolk of their daughters and on the humoural immune response towards this same antigen in their grandchildren. We found that chicks from KLH-injected maternal grandmothers had a higher humoural response than chicks from sham-injected grandmothers. However, we did not detect a significant effect of female KLH exposure on the ability of their daughters to transmit anti-KLH Abs into their eggs. These results suggest that antigen exposure at one generation may shape the immune profile of offspring over two next generations, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ismail
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de, Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - L Jacquin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de, Paris, F-75005, Paris, France CNRS, ENFA, UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - C Haussy
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de, Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - S Perret
- Centre d'Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France CNRS ENS, UMS 3194, Ecole Normale Supérieure, St-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - J Gasparini
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de, Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
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8
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Chakarov N, Pauli M, Krüger O. Immune responses link parasite genetic diversity, prevalence and plumage morphs in common buzzards. Evol Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-016-9871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Chatelain M, Gasparini J, Frantz A. Do trace metals select for darker birds in urban areas? An experimental exposure to lead and zinc. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2380-2391. [PMID: 27282322 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trace metals from anthropogenic activities are involved in numerous health impairments and may therefore select for detoxification mechanisms or a higher tolerance. Melanin, responsible for the black and red colourations of teguments, plays a role in metal ion chelation and its synthesis is positively linked to immunity, antioxidant capacity and stress resistance due to pleiotropic effects. Therefore, we expected darker birds to (1) store higher amounts of metals in their feathers, (2) maintain lower metal concentrations in blood and (3) suffer less from metal exposure. We exposed feral pigeons (Columba livia) exhibiting various plumage darkness levels to low, but chronic, concentrations of zinc and/or lead, two of the most abundant metals in urban areas. First, we found negative and positive effects of lead and zinc, respectively, on birds' condition and reproductive parameters. Then, we observed positive relationships between plumage darkness and both zinc and lead concentrations in feathers. Interestingly, though darker adults did not maintain lower metal concentrations in blood and did not have higher fitness parameters, darker juveniles exhibited a higher survival rate than paler ones when exposed to lead. Our results show that melanin-based plumage colouration does modulate lead effects on birds' fitness parameters but that the relationship between metals, melanin, and fitness is more complex than expected and thus stress the need for more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chatelain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Frantz
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
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10
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Chatelain M, Gasparini J, Haussy C, Frantz A. Trace Metals Affect Early Maternal Transfer of Immune Components in the Feral Pigeon. Physiol Biochem Zool 2016; 89:206-12. [DOI: 10.1086/685511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Chatelain M, Gasparini J, Frantz A. Trace metals, melanin-based pigmentation and their interaction influence immune parameters in feral pigeons (Columba livia). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:521-529. [PMID: 26809976 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of trace metals emitted by anthropogenic activities on wildlife is of great concern in urban ecology; yet, information on how they affect individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems remains scarce. In particular, trace metals may impact survival by altering the immune system response to parasites. Plumage melanin is assumed to influence the effects of trace metals on immunity owing to its ability to bind metal ions in feathers and its synthesis being coded by a pleiotropic gene. We thus hypothesized that trace metal exposure would interact with plumage colouration in shaping immune response. We experimentally investigated the interactive effect between exposure to an environmentally relevant range of zinc and/or lead and melanin-based plumage colouration on components of the immune system in feral pigeons (Columba livia). We found that zinc increased anti-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) IgY primary response maintenance, buffered the negative effect of lead on anti-KLH IgY secondary response maintenance and tended to increase T-cell mediated phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin response. Lead decreased the peak of the anti-KLH IgY secondary response. In addition, pheomelanic pigeons exhibited a higher secondary anti-KLH IgY response than did eumelanic ones. Finally, T-cell mediated PHA skin response decreased with increasing plumage eumelanin level of birds exposed to lead. Neither treatments nor plumage colouration correlated with endoparasite intensity. Overall, our study points out the effects of trace metals on some parameters of birds' immunity, independently from other confounding urbanization factors, and underlines the need to investigate their impacts on other life history traits and their consequences in the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chatelain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - J Gasparini
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - A Frantz
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005, Paris, France
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12
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Leclaire S, Czirják GÁ, Hammouda A, Gasparini J. Feather bacterial load shapes the trade-off between preening and immunity in pigeons. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:60. [PMID: 25881311 PMCID: PMC4392809 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex communities of bacteria inhabit the feathers of all birds. Under normal conditions, individuals maintain a healthy state by defending themselves against these potential invaders by preening. The immune system is only triggered when bacteria gain access into the body. Preening is, however, costly and may trade-off with investment in the immune system. To shed light on how birds balance the trade-off between immunity and preen secretions when facing high or low feather bacterial load, we experimentally manipulated feather bacteria load of feral pigeons (Columba livia), and investigated the effects on immune defenses. Results Birds facing high feather bacterial load had lower immune response to PHA skin-swelling test (a measure of induced pro-inflammatory capacity) than controls, while birds facing low feather bacterial load had higher blood bacterial killing ability (a measure of the capacity to eliminate bacterial pathogens) than controls. No other components of the immune system (i.e., hemagglutination and hemolysis capacity of plasma, primary and secondary responses to KLH and quantity of blood parasites) were found to be affected by feather bacterial load. Conclusion Pigeons had previously been shown to adjust preening to feather bacterial load. The decrease in the energetically costly inflammatory response of birds experiencing high bacterial load suggests a trade-off between investment in preen secretion and immunity and reinforces the idea that feather microbiota may have a strong impact on the ecology and evolution of the avian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leclaire
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France. .,CEFE-CNRS, UMR5175, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, 1919 Rte de Mende, Montpellier, 34293, France.
| | - Gábor Árpád Czirják
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, Berlin, 10315, Germany.
| | - Abdessalem Hammouda
- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Cité Erriadh, Zrig 6072, Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Paris, F-75005, France.
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13
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van Dijk JGB, Mateman AC, Klaassen M. Transfer of maternal antibodies against avian influenza virus in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). PLoS One 2014; 9:e112595. [PMID: 25386907 PMCID: PMC4227685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal antibodies protect chicks from infection with pathogens early in life and may impact pathogen dynamics due to the alteration of the proportion of susceptible individuals in a population. We investigated the transfer of maternal antibodies against avian influenza virus (AIV) in a key AIV host species, the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Combining observations in both the field and in mallards kept in captivity, we connected maternal AIV antibody concentrations in eggs to (i) female body condition, (ii) female AIV antibody concentration, (iii) egg laying order, (iv) egg size and (v) embryo sex. We applied maternity analysis to the eggs collected in the field to account for intraspecific nest parasitism, which is reportedly high in Anseriformes, detecting parasitic eggs in one out of eight clutches. AIV antibody prevalence in free-living and captive females was respectively 48% and 56%, with 43% and 24% of the eggs receiving these antibodies maternally. In both field and captive study, maternal AIV antibody concentrations in egg yolk correlated positively with circulating AIV antibody concentrations in females. In the captive study, yolk AIV antibody concentrations correlated positively with egg laying order. Female body mass and egg size from the field and captive study, and embryos sex from the field study were not associated with maternal AIV antibody concentrations in eggs. Our study indicates that maternal AIV antibody transfer may potentially play an important role in shaping AIV infection dynamics in mallards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacintha G. B. van Dijk
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - A. Christa Mateman
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Saino N, Romano M, Rubolini D, Caprioli M, Costanzo A, Canova L, Moller AP. Melanic coloration differentially predicts transfer of immune factors to eggs with daughters or sons. Behav Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Leclaire S, Pierret P, Chatelain M, Gasparini J. Feather bacterial load affects plumage condition, iridescent color, and investment in preening in pigeons. Behav Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Coakley CM, Staszewski V, Herborn KA, Cunningham EJ. Factors affecting the levels of protection transferred from mother to offspring following immune challenge. Front Zool 2014; 11:46. [PMID: 25057280 PMCID: PMC4096548 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-11-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transfer of antibodies from mother to offspring is key to protecting young animals from disease and can have a major impact on responses to infection and offspring fitness. Such maternal effects also allow young that may be exposed to disease in early life to focus resources on growth and development at this critical period of development. Maternally transferred antibodies are therefore an important source of phenotypic variation in host phenotype as well as influencing host susceptibility and tolerance to infection across generations. It has previously been assumed the transfer of antibodies is passive and invariant and reflects the level of circulating antibody in the mother at the time of transfer. However, whether females may vary in the relative amount of protection transferred to offspring has seldom been explored. RESULTS Here we show that females differ widely in the relative amount of specific blood antibodies they transfer to the embryonic environment (range 9.2%-38.4% of their own circulating levels) in Chinese painted quail (Coturnix chinensis). Relative transfer levels were unrelated to the size of a female's own immune response. Furthermore, individual females were consistent in their transfer level, both across different stages of their immune response and when challenged with different vaccine types. The amount of antibody transferred was related to female condition, but baseline antibody responses of mothers were not. However, we found no evidence for any trade-offs between the relative amount of antibody transferred with other measures of reproductive investment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the relative amount of antibodies transferred to offspring can vary significantly and consistently between females. Levels of transfer may therefore be a separate trait open to manipulation or selection with potential consequences for offspring health and fitness in both wild and domesticated populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Coakley
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biology, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Vincent Staszewski
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biology, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Katherine A Herborn
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biology, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Emma Ja Cunningham
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biology, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
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Männiste M, Hõrak P. Emerging infectious disease selects for darker plumage coloration in greenfinches. Front Ecol Evol 2014. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2014.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Ismail A, Jacquin L, Haussy C, Legoupi J, Perret S, Gasparini J. Food availability and maternal immunization affect transfer and persistence of maternal antibodies in nestling pigeons. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79942. [PMID: 24348905 PMCID: PMC3857817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of mothers to transfer antibodies (Abs) to their young and the temporal persistence of maternal Abs in offspring constitute important life-history traits that can impact the evolution of host-parasite interactions. Here, we examined the effects of food availability and parental immunization on the transfer and persistence of maternal antibodies in nestling pigeons (Columba livia). This species can transmit maternal Abs to offspring before hatching through the egg yolk and potentially after hatching through crop milk. However, the role of this postnatal substance in immunity remains elusive. We used a full cross-fostering design to disentangle the effects of food limitation and parental immunization both before and after hatching on the levels and persistence of maternal Abs in chicks. Parents were immunized via injection with keyhole limpet hemocyanin antigens. Using an immunoassay that specifically detected the IgY antibodies that are known to be transmitted via the yolk, we found that the levels of anti-KLH Abs in newly hatched chicks were positively correlated with the levels of anti-KLH Abs in the blood of their biological mothers. However, this correlation was not present between chicks and their foster parents, suggesting limited IgY transfer via crop milk to the chick's bloodstream. Interestingly, biological mothers subjected to food limitation during egg laying transferred significantly fewer specific maternal Abs, which suggests that the transfer of antibodies might be costly for them. In addition, the persistence of maternal Abs in a chick's bloodstream was not affected by food limitation or the foster parents' anti-KLH Ab levels; it was only affected by the initial level of maternal anti-KLH Abs that were present in newly hatched chicks. These results suggest that the maternal transfer of Abs could be costly but that their persistence in an offspring's bloodstream may not necessarily be affected by environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ismail
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENS, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENS, Paris, France
- Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudy Haussy
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENS, Paris, France
| | - Julie Legoupi
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENS, Paris, France
| | - Samuel Perret
- Centre d’Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France CNRS ENS, UMS 3194, Ecole Normale Supérieure, St-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS ENS, Paris, France
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A potential role for parasites in the maintenance of color polymorphism in urban birds. Oecologia 2013; 173:1089-99. [PMID: 23685880 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Urbanization is a major challenge for biodiversity conservation, yet the evolutionary processes taking place in urbanized areas remain poorly known. Human activities in cities set new selective forces in motion which need to be investigated to predict the evolutionary responses of animal species living in urban areas. In this study, we investigated the role of urbanization and parasites in the maintenance of melanin-based color polymorphism in the feral pigeon Columba livia. Using a correlative approach, we tested whether differently colored genotypes displayed alternative phenotypic responses to urbanization, by comparing body condition, blood parasite prevalence and parasite load between colored morphs along an urbanization gradient. Body condition did not vary with urbanization, but paler individuals had a higher body condition than darker individuals. Moreover, paler morphs were less often parasitized than darker morphs in moderately urbanized habitats, but their parasite prevalence increased with urbanization. In contrast, darker morphs had similar parasite prevalence along the urbanization gradient. This suggests that paler morphs did better than darker morphs in moderately urbanized environments but were negatively affected by increasing urbanization, while darker morphs performed equally in all environments. Thus, differently colored individuals were distributed non-randomly across the urban habitat and suffered different parasite risk according to their location (a gene-by-environment interaction). This suggests that melanin-based coloration might reflect alternative strategies to cope with urbanization via different exposure or susceptibility to parasites. Spatial variability of parasite pressures linked with urbanization may, thus, play a central role in the maintenance of plumage color polymorphism in this urban species.
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