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Yu Z, Flament F, Jiang R, Houghton J, Kroely C, Cabut N, Haykal D, Sehgal C, Jablonski NG, Jean A, Aarabi P. The relevance and accuracy of an AI algorithm-based descriptor on 23 facial attributes in a diverse female US population. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13690. [PMID: 38716749 PMCID: PMC11077572 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The response of AI in situations that mimic real life scenarios is poorly explored in populations of high diversity. OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy and validate the relevance of an automated, algorithm-based analysis geared toward facial attributes devoted to the adornment routines of women. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, two diversified groups presenting similar distributions such as age, ancestry, skin phototype, and geographical location was created from the selfie images of 1041 female in a US population. 521 images were analyzed as part of a new training dataset aimed to improve the original algorithm and 520 were aimed to validate the performance of the AI. From a total 23 facial attributes (16 continuous and 7 categorical), all images were analyzed by 24 make-up experts and by the automated descriptor tool. RESULTS For all facial attributes, the new and the original automated tool both surpassed the grading of the experts on a diverse population of women. For the 16 continuous attributes, the gradings obtained by the new system strongly correlated with the assessment made by make-up experts (r ≥ 0.80; p < 0.0001) and supported by a low error rate. For the seven categorical attributes, the overall accuracy of the AI-facial descriptor was improved via enrichment of the training dataset. However, some weaker performance in spotting specific facial attributes were noted. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the AI-automatic facial descriptor tool was deemed accurate for analysis of facial attributes for diverse women although some skin complexion, eye color, and hair features required some further finetuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yu
- Modiface – A L'Oréal Group CompanyTorontoCanada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nina G Jablonski
- Department of AnthropologyThe Pennsylvania State University, University ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
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Lu Y, Xiao K, Pointer M, Lin Y. Predicting Facial Attractiveness from Colour Cues: A New Analytic Framework. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:391. [PMID: 38257484 PMCID: PMC10819822 DOI: 10.3390/s24020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Various facial colour cues were identified as valid predictors of facial attractiveness, yet the conventional univariate approach has simplified the complex nature of attractiveness judgement for real human faces. Predicting attractiveness from colour cues is difficult due to the high number of candidate variables and their inherent correlations. Using datasets from Chinese subjects, this study proposed a novel analytic framework for modelling attractiveness from various colour characteristics. One hundred images of real human faces were used in experiments and an extensive set of 65 colour features were extracted. Two separate attractiveness evaluation sets of data were collected through psychophysical experiments in the UK and China as training and testing datasets, respectively. Eight multivariate regression strategies were compared for their predictive accuracy and simplicity. The proposed methodology achieved a comprehensive assessment of diverse facial colour features and their role in attractiveness judgements of real faces; improved the predictive accuracy (the best-fit model achieved an out-of-sample accuracy of 0.66 on a 7-point scale) and significantly mitigated the issue of model overfitting; and effectively simplified the model and identified the most important colour features. It can serve as a useful and repeatable analytic tool for future research on facial impression modelling using high-dimensional datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (Y.L.); (M.P.)
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kaida Xiao
- School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (Y.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Michael Pointer
- School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (Y.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Yandan Lin
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
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Liang F, Lei Y, He C, Zhang S, Wu H, He M, He X. The Effect of Beautification Strategies on Mating Popularity Judged by Men from the People's Republic of China. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:247-261. [PMID: 37612536 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary women frequently employ beautification strategies. The impact of such strategies, such as plastic surgery, on mating popularity in different mate contexts remains unclear. To investigate this issue, the current study conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, beautification strategies were manipulated using three images of the same female with different conditions (natural, makeup, and plastic surgery). The results indicated that when the beautification strategies were not informed, surgical-enhanced and makeup targets were perceived as significantly more attractive, loyal, and popular among potential mates than natural targets. However, when participants were informed of the beautification strategies, both natural and makeup targets showed a significant increase in perceived loyalty and mating popularity. In contrast, surgically enhanced targets saw a reduction in these dimensions. Experiment 2 aimed to reduce the confounding effect of facial attractiveness by using vignettes. The results indicated that the mating popularity of natural targets was significantly higher than that of makeup or surgically enhanced targets, with surgically enhanced targets being the least popular. Moreover, the results revealed the mediating role of perceived loyalty in the impact of beautification strategies on long-term mating popularity. This study sheds light on the potential stigmatization and negative bias toward beautification strategies in the mating market. Additionally, it provides guidance for women who intend to enhance their mate popularity through plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55, West of Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Yatian Lei
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55, West of Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55, West of Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55, West of Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingcheng He
- College of Education Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyou He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, No. 55, West of Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China.
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González-Alvarez J, Sos-Peña R. The role of facial skin tone and texture in the perception of age. Vision Res 2023; 213:108319. [PMID: 37782999 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Age and gender perception from looking at people's faces, without any cultural or conventional cues, is primarily based on two independent components: a) the shape or facial structure, and b) surface reflectance (skin tone and texture, STT). This study examined the relative contribution of facial STT to the perception of age. A total of 204 subjects participated in four experiments presenting artificial 3D realistic faces of different age versions under two key experimental conditions: with and without STT. Two experiments involved a discrimination-age task, and other two involved a direct age-estimation task. The faces for the last experiment were generated from the photographs of real people. The results were quite consistent throughout the experiments. Data suggest that the contribution of the STT information leads to roughly 25-33 % of accuracy in age perception. Interestingly, a differential pattern emerges in relation to facial age: the relative contribution of skin information increases sharply with advancing age, to the point that age judgments of the older faces (60 years old) without STT information fall to the chance level. This pattern suggests that facial skin tone and texture are the main sources of information for estimating the age of people past their maturity as those are the principal visual signs of aging beyond the anatomical changes of facial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio González-Alvarez
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Rosa Sos-Peña
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
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Biesiadecka M, Szymkow A, Baryla W. To Enhance, or not to Enhance: The Situational Context Shapes Women's Intentions on Amount and Diligence of Makeup Application. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 21:14747049231219283. [PMID: 38128946 PMCID: PMC10748592 DOI: 10.1177/14747049231219283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Makeup is a tool that women use to shape their image and gain benefits in both inter- and intrasexual selection. As makeup enables the hiding or enhancing of facial features, it allows women to strategically shape impressions in a given context. It affects interpersonal perceptions, workplace impressions, and can attract romantic partners. However, research has primarily focused on examining everyday makeup use, although the amount and type of makeup can vary depending on the situation and the motivation to make an impression. In two studies, we investigated how the intended amount and application of makeup differ depending on various situational contexts. Specifically, in Study 1 (N = 533), we explored the everyday and party contexts, while in Study 2 (N = 400), we additionally introduced the contexts of mating and threat. The results show that: 1) women intend to put on more makeup in a more diligent way in party contexts compared to everyday contexts, 2) the intended diligence of makeup application is the highest in contexts were women expect an attractive man to be present, and the lowest when a threatening context is introduced, 3) these effects are partially or fully mediated by women's motivation to make an impression, and 4) neither sociosexual orientation nor appearance orientation significantly moderated the obtained effects. Our studies extend previous research on makeup application as an appearance-enhancing or worsening strategy by further investigating the signaling function of women's makeup and its strategic use in various situational contexts. We discuss the results from a functional evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Biesiadecka
- Center for Research on Biological Basis of Social Behavior, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymkow
- Center for Research on Biological Basis of Social Behavior, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Baryla
- Center for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland
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Mohammed AH, Hassan BAR, Wayyes AM, Al-Tukmagi HF, Blebil A, Dujaili J, Nasr MH, El Hajj MS, Malaeb D, Alhija SA, Kateeb E, Amro A, Al-Taweel D, Al Juma MA, Al-Ani OA, Farhan SS, Darwish RM, Al-Zaabi AT. Exploring the quality of life of cosmetic users: A cross-sectional analysis from eight Arab countries in the Middle East. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:296-305. [PMID: 35567513 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of cosmetic products is growing in dominance in the Arab population, making it essential to measure its effects on users. The production of cosmetics has been largely driven by consumerism and a bid to keep abreast with the latest trends in the beauty industry with less attention on how the users' quality of life (QoL) is affected. AIMS This study aims to investigate the effect of cosmetic products on users' quality of life in eight Arab countries. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online data collection approach. A validated and specialist instrument tool called BeautyQoL, which consists of five domains and a total of 52 questions, was distributed to a sample of 2219 cosmetic users. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using SPSS® version 26.0. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 34 ± 11.25 years, and more women were represented in the sample (71%) than men. The majority of respondents had oily skin type (39.6%) and tan skin tone (30.4%). QoL through cosmetic use is computed with a mean score of 51 out of 100. The users' mean score satisfaction from cosmetic use is centred on attractiveness (56.1), followed by self-confidence (51.8). Cosmetics have a statistically significant effect on participants who are young adults, women, single, and employed with high income. As the respondents' skin tone deepens from very fair to dark, the mean score for each domain significantly increases, whereas when skin type changes from very oily to dry, the mean score for each domain decreases. CONCLUSION The effect of cosmetics on the users' QoL is limited, contrary to the narrative commonly portrayed in cosmetics' advertisements. Therefore, the use of cosmetics among the Arab population should be from an informed perspective of their specific needs instead of conforming to the viral trends pedaled by influencers and bloggers on social media, which might be irrelevant for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haider Mohammed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Haydar F Al-Tukmagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Blebil
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Juman Dujaili
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Muhammed Hassan Nasr
- Head of Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maguy Saffouh El Hajj
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Abu Alhija
- The national project for vaccination & Epidemiological Investigation of Coronavirus (Covid), Amman, Jordan
| | - Elham Kateeb
- Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Amro
- Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Dalal Al-Taweel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Muna Arif Al Juma
- Head of Pharmacy Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Sinan Subhi Farhan
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medical Science Technology, University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rula M Darwish
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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7
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Teresa A. Direct and Indirect Roles of Men in Determining Women Decision to Use Laser Procedures for Skin Care. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:617-633. [PMID: 36936751 PMCID: PMC10019343 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s398685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Laser procedures for skin care is becoming increasingly popular and used by the global community and affect many aspects of human life. However, there is very little research on the role of men in women's decision to follow this dermatological procedure. This study aimed to identify the role of men in motivating women to choose laser-based procedure. A systematic literature review research design was applied in this study. A total of 27 papers were obtained by searching PubMed Central for the 2013-2022 editions. The extraction of samples and the motivation of patients or research respondents in choosing laser procedures for cosmetic treatments were conducted to obtain clues about the role of men in making these decisions. Only six studies explicitly reveal the role of men as motivators of women to perform laser-based dermatological procedures. Four of these six studies were conducted in Asia in countries with a high degree of collectivism. The remaining two studies reveal a minor role for men in women's motivation to choose dermatological procedures. Other studies only indirectly implicate the role of men through intrasexual competition, increased self-esteem, and the needs of the world of work. Limitations of the study lies in the non-specificity of the study sample in the female population, laser-based treatments, and the role of men in motivating women. The role of men in motivating women to perform laser-based skin care procedures is stated explicitly in collectivist cultures while only implicitly in individualist cultures. These findings indicate that the strategy of utilizing the added value of men to laser treatment procedures should be directed at the relationship between men and women in real terms in collective cultured countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Teresa
- Medical Faculty, Palangka Raya University, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Astrid Teresa, Kampus UPR, Jalan Yos Sudarso, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, 73111, Indonesia, Email
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Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Pisanski K, Valentova JV, Varella MA, Frederick DA, Al-Shawaf L, García FE, Giammusso I, Gjoneska B, Kozma L, Otterbring T, Papadatou-Pastou M, Pfuhl G, Stöckli S, Studzinska A, Toplu-Demirtaş E, Touloumakos AK, Bakos BE, Batres C, Bonneterre S, Czamanski-Cohen J, Dacanay JC, Deschrijver E, Fisher ML, Grano C, Grigoryev D, Kačmár P, Kozlov MV, Manunta E, Massar K, McFall JP, Mebarak M, Miccoli MR, Milfont TL, Prokop P, Aavik T, Arriaga P, Baiocco R, Čeněk J, Çetinkaya H, Duyar I, Guemaz F, Ishii T, Kamburidis JA, Khun-Inkeeree H, Lidborg LH, Manor H, Nussinson R, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Pazhoohi F, Ponnet K, Santos AC, Senyk O, Spasovski O, Vintila M, Wang AH, Yoo G, Zerhouni O, Amin R, Aquino S, Boğa M, Boussena M, Can AR, Can S, Castro R, Chirumbolo A, Çoker O, Cornec C, Dural S, Eder SJ, Moharrampour NG, Grassini S, Hristova E, Ikizer G, Kervyn N, Koyuncu M, Kunisato Y, Lins S, Mandzyk T, Mari S, Mattiassi AD, Memisoglu-Sanli A, Morelli M, Novaes FC, Parise M, Banai IP, Perun M, Plohl N, Sahli FZ, Šakan D, Smojver-Azic S, Solak Ç, Söylemez S, Toyama A, Wlodarczyk A, Yamada Y, Abad-Villaverde B, Afhami R, Akello G, Alami NH, Alma L, Argyrides M, Atamtürk D, Burduli N, Cardona S, Carneiro J, Castañeda A, Chałatkiewicz I, Chopik WJ, Chubinidze D, Conroy-Beam D, Contreras-Garduño J, da Silva DR, Don YB, Donato S, Dubrov D, Duračková M, Dutt S, Ebimgbo SO, Estevan I, Etchezahar E, Fedor P, Fekih-Romdhane F, Frackowiak T, Galasinska K, Gargula Ł, Gelbart B, Yepes TG, Hamdaoui B, Hromatko I, Itibi SN, Jaforte L, Janssen SM, Jovic M, Kertechian KS, Khan F, Kobylarek A, Koso-Drljevic M, Krasnodębska A, Križanić V, Landa-Blanco M, Mailhos A, Marot T, Dorcic TM, Martinez-Banfi M, Yusof MR, Mayorga-Lascano M, Mikuličiūtė V, Mišetić K, Musil B, Najmussaqib A, Muthu KN, Natividade JC, Ndukaihe IL, Nyhus EK, Oberzaucher E, Omar SS, Ostaszewski F, Pacquing MCT, Pagani AF, Park JH, Pirtskhalava E, Reips UD, Reyes MES, Röer JP, Şahin A, Samekin A, Sargautytė R, Semenovskikh T, Siepelmeyer H, Singh S, Sołtys A, Sorokowska A, Soto-López R, Sultanova L, Tamayo-Agudelo W, Tan CS, Topanova GT, Bulut MT, Trémolière B, Tulyakul S, Türkan BN, Urbanek A, Volkodav T, Walter KV, Yaakob MFM, Zumárraga-Espinosa M. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arai T, Nittono H. Cosmetic makeup enhances facial attractiveness and affective neural responses. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272923. [PMID: 35969525 PMCID: PMC9377592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well established that cosmetic makeup enhances perceived facial attractiveness, few studies have examined whether facial makeup modulates neural responses to face images. This study investigated behavioral and attractiveness-related brain responses to self-applied makeup, focusing on the N170, early posterior negativity, P300, and late positive potential components of event-related brain potentials. A total of 77 Japanese women participated in two experiments (N = 34 and 43 for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Experiment 1 assessed the effects of self-applied makeup on attractiveness-related event-related potential amplitudes using facial images during a makeup identification task in which makeup was directly relevant to task demands. Experiment 2 examined the effects of self-applied makeup using images of one’s own face and another female’s face when performing a gender classification task, where the presence of makeup had no explicit connection to facial gender classification. In both experiments, faces with makeup were rated as more attractive and elicited more negative early posterior negativity and more positive late positive potential components, regardless of the participant’s own face or another person’s face. These findings suggest that people are spontaneously motivated to pay visual attention to faces with makeup, which supports the idea that makeup adds reward value to the facial appearance of the human. Moreover, neural evidence empirically confirmed that the benefits of makeup are not just limited to how others see your face but also extend to how you see your own face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Arai
- Shiseido Co., Ltd. MIRAI Technology Institute, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroshi Nittono
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Flament F, Velleman D, Yamashita E, Nicolas A, Yokoyama E, Chibout S, Jiang R, Houghton J, Kroely C, Cassier M. A 5‐hour follow‐up of the behavior of some foundations through automatically analyzed selfie pictures. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:431-439. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruowei Jiang
- ModiFace – A L'Oréal Group Company Toronto Canada
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11
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The cost of beauty: Perception of makeup and male mate choice. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Davis H, Attard‐Johnson J. Your
ID
, please? The effect of Facemasks and Makeup on Perceptions of Age of Young Adult Female Faces. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 36:453-459. [PMID: 35440843 PMCID: PMC9011877 DOI: 10.1002/acp.3923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID‐19 pandemic, wearing facemasks was mandatory in the United Kingdom except for individuals with medical exemptions. Facemasks cover the full lower half of the face; however, the effect of facemasks on age perception is not yet known. The present study examined whether age estimation accuracy of unfamiliar young adult women is impaired when the target is wearing a facemask. This study also examined whether makeup, which has previously been shown to increase error bias, further impairs age estimation accuracy when paired with a facemask. The findings indicate that both facemasks and makeup tend to result in overestimation of the young women's age compared to neutral faces, but the combination of both is not additive. Individual level analysis also revealed large individual differences in age estimation accuracy ranging from estimates within 1 year of the target's actual age, and age estimates which deviated by up to 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Davis
- Faculty of Science and Technology Bournemouth University Poole UK
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Davis AC, Arnocky S. An Evolutionary Perspective on Appearance Enhancement Behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:3-37. [PMID: 33025291 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-020-01745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have highlighted numerous sociocultural factors that have been shown to underpin human appearance enhancement practices, including the influence of peers, family, the media, and sexual objectification. Fewer scholars have approached appearance enhancement from an evolutionary perspective or considered how sociocultural factors interact with evolved psychology to produce appearance enhancement behavior. Following others, we argue that evidence from the field of evolutionary psychology can complement existing sociocultural models by yielding unique insight into the historical and cross-cultural ubiquity of competition over aspects of physical appearance to embody what is desired by potential mates. An evolutionary lens can help to make sense of reliable sex and individual differences that impact appearance enhancement, as well as the context-dependent nature of putative adaptations that function to increase physical attractiveness. In the current review, appearance enhancement is described as a self-promotion strategy used to enhance reproductive success by rendering oneself more attractive than rivals to mates, thereby increasing one's mate value. The varied ways in which humans enhance their appearance are described, as well as the divergent tactics used by women and men to augment their appearance, which correspond to the preferences of opposite-sex mates in a heterosexual context. Evolutionarily relevant individual differences and contextual factors that vary predictably with appearance enhancement behavior are also discussed. The complementarity of sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives is emphasized and recommended avenues for future interdisciplinary research are provided for scholars interested in studying appearance enhancement behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Davis
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Arnocky
- Department of Psychology, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, P1B 8L7, Canada.
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14
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Jones BC, Jones AL, Shiramizu V, Anderson C. What Does Women's Facial Attractiveness Signal? Implications for an Evolutionary Perspective on Appearance Enhancement. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:67-71. [PMID: 33733308 PMCID: PMC8858290 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-01955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedict C Jones
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0LN, Scotland.
| | - Alex L Jones
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales
| | - Victor Shiramizu
- Institute of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Claire Anderson
- Textile Design Programme, Chelsea College of Arts, University of the Arts London, London, England
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15
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Davis AC, Arnocky S. Response to Commentaries: A Socioevolutionary Approach to Self-Presentation Modification. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:85-100. [PMID: 34713430 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Davis
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Arnocky
- Department of Psychology, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay, ON, P1B 8L7, Canada.
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16
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Li Y, Chen Z, Liu X, Qi Y. Perceiving the facial trustworthiness: Facial age, emotional expression, and attractiveness. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2021; 75:818-829. [PMID: 34477460 DOI: 10.1177/17470218211047176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
People can make trustworthiness judgements based on facial characteristics. However, the previous findings regarding whether facial age influences interpersonal trust are inconsistent. Using the trust game, the current study investigated the interactions of facial age with attractiveness and emotional expression in regard to trustworthiness judgements. In Experiments 1 and 2, younger participants were asked to invest in either younger or older faces that were shown for 2,000 and 33 ms, respectively. The results showed that people trust the faces of older people more than they do younger people. There was also an interaction between facial age and attractiveness. Participants invested more money in older faces than in younger faces only when they perceived the faces to be less attractive. However, the interaction between facial age and emotional expression was slightly inconsistent in the two experiments. Participants invested more money in older faces that were shown for 2,000 ms when they perceived the happy and sad emotions, but they invested more money in older faces that were shown for 33 ms when they perceived the happy emotion. These results reveal that people make trustworthiness judgements based on multiple facial cues when they view strangers of different ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongna Li
- The Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.,The Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China.,Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Qi
- The Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.,The Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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17
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Tadokoro K, Yamashita T, Kawano S, Sato J, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Morihara R, Nishiura K, Sagawa N, Tani T, Abe K. Immediate Beneficial Effect of Makeup Therapy on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and Facial Appearance Analyzed by Artificial Intelligence Software. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:57-63. [PMID: 34250937 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Possible benefits of makeup therapy, in terms of immediate and late effects on cognitive and affective functions, have not been fully proved for dementia patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the immediate effect of makeup therapy on dementia patients. METHODS Female nursing home residents with dementia received either only skin care treatment (control group, n = 17) or skin care plus makeup therapy treatment (makeup therapy group, n = 19). Cognitive, affective, and activity of daily living (ADL) scores were evaluated before and just after treatments. Apparent age and emotion were also evaluated with artificial intelligence (AI) software. RESULTS Makeup therapy significantly improved Abe's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) score (ABS, *p < 0.05). AI software judged that makeup therapy significantly made the apparent age younger (*p < 0.05). In particular, patients with moderate ADL scores had a significantly higher happiness score in makeup therapy (*p < 0.05), with a modest correlation to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, r = 0.42, *p < 0.05). The severe baseline MMSE group reported a greater feeling of satisfaction following makeup therapy (*p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present makeup therapy is a promising non-pharmacological approach to immediately alleviate BPSD in female dementia patients, and the present AI software quickly and quantitatively evaluated the beneficial effects of makeup therapy on facial appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh Tadokoro
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoko Kawano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junko Sato
- Kandenjoylife Co., Ltd., Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshio Omote
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Takemoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryuta Morihara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Natsuki Sagawa
- Japan Wellness Therapist Association, Fukushima-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomiko Tani
- Japan Wellness Therapist Association, Fukushima-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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18
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Flament F, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Jiang R, Houghton J, Sarda Duthil L, Arcin V, Daniel R, Perrier JC, Niviere J, Moyano G, Thenin A, Garcia MS, Adam AS, Chibout S, Blin X, Delaunay C, Aarabi P. Developing an Artificial Intelligence (A.I)-based descriptor of facial appearance that fits with the assessments of makeup experts. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:1081-1091. [PMID: 33998717 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an A.I-based automatic descriptor that detects and grades, from selfie pictures, 23 facial signs, hairs included, as a help to making-up procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS The selfie images taken in very different conditions by 3326 women and men were used to create (90% of dataset) and validate (10% of dataset) a new algorithm architecture to appraise and grade 23 different facial signs such as lips, nose, eye color, eyebrows, eyelashes, and hair color as defined by makeup artists. Each selfie image was annotated by 12 experts and defined references to train Artificial Intelligence (A.I)-based algorithm. RESULTS As some the 23 signs present a continuous or discontinuous feature, these were analyzed by two different statistical approaches. The results provided by the automatic descriptor system were not only in good agreement with the expert's assessments but were even found of a better precision and reproducibility. This automatic descriptor system has proven a good and robust accuracy despite the very variable conditions in the acquisition of selfie pictures. CONCLUSION Such automatic descriptor system seems providing a valuable help in making-up procedures and may extend to other activities such as Skincare or Haircare. As such it should allow large investigations to better evaluate the consumers' needs of esthetical improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuze Zhang
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhi Yu
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruowei Jiang
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeff Houghton
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Arcin
- L'Oréal CDO - Digital Service Factory, Clichy, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Audrey Thenin
- L'Oréal Operations - Innovation Packaging, Levallois, France
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Blin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clichy, France
| | | | - Pahram Aarabi
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Mafra AL, Varella MAC, Defelipe RP, Anchieta NM, de Almeida CAG, Valentova JV. Makeup usage in women as a tactic to attract mates and compete with rivals. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Many studies have examined how defendant characteristics influence jury decisions, but none have investigated the effect of cosmetics. We therefore examined how cosmetics influence jury decisions for young and middle-aged female defendants. In Study 1, participants were more likely to assign guilty verdicts to middle-aged defendants than young defendants and when presented with cosmetics, male participants gave young defendants longer sentences and middle-aged defendants shorter sentences. In Study 2, however, we did not replicate the age or the cosmetics effects on jury sentences, suggesting that comparisons between defendants may have influenced jury decisions in Study 1. Further work is thus still needed, but our two well-powered studies (N = 1127) provide a first exploration into the influence of cosmetics on jury decisions.
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21
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Umeda-Kameyama Y, Kameyama M, Kojima T, Ishii M, Kidana K, Yakabe M, Ishii S, Urano T, Ogawa S, Akishita M. Cognitive function has a stronger correlation with perceived age than with chronological age. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20:779-784. [PMID: 32618098 PMCID: PMC7496800 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim The perceived age of older adults, as measured by their facial appearance, has been shown to be a robust biomarker of aging predictive of survival, telomere length and DNA methylation, and reportedly correlates with carotid atherosclerosis and bone status. This study aimed to determine whether metrics of dementia, including general cognition, vitality, depressive state and self‐supportability, have stronger correlations with perceived age than with chronological age. Methods This study included 124 patients who were admitted to the Department of Geriatric Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, on account of being suspected of cognitive decline. The Mini‐Mental State Examination, Vitality Index, Geriatric Depression Scale‐15, instrumental activities of daily living and Barthel Index were carried out. Five experienced geriatricians and five experienced clinical psychologists determined the perceived age of participants based on photographs. Results The average values of the 10 raters showed excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (3, 10) = 0.941). Steiger's test revealed that perceived age showed a significantly better correlation with the Mini‐Mental State Examination (female) and Vitality Index (total, female) than did chronological age, but not with Geriatric Depression Scale‐15, instrumental activities of daily living or the Barthel Index. Conclusions Perceived age was shown to be a reliable biomarker for cognitive assessment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 779–784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Umeda-Kameyama
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Kameyama
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Kojima
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiwami Kidana
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Home Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Yakabe
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishii
- Department of Medicine for Integrated Approach to Social Inclusion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Sumito Ogawa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Russell R, Batres C, Jones AL, Porcheron A. A role for contrast gain control in skin appearance. J Vis 2019; 19:11. [PMID: 31730704 DOI: 10.1167/19.13.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apparent contrast can be suppressed or enhanced when presented within surrounding images. This contextual modulation is typically accounted for with models of contrast gain control. Similarly, the appearance of one part of a face is affected by the appearance of the other parts of the face. These influences are typically accounted for with models of face-specific holistic processing. Here we report evidence that facial skin appearance is modulated by adjacent surfaces. In four experiments we measured the appearance of skin evenness and wrinkles in images with increased or decreased contrast between facial skin and adjacent image regions. Increased contrast with adjacent regions made facial skin appear more even and less wrinkled. We found the effect whether faces were presented upright or inverted, and also when facial features were not present, ruling out face-specific holistic processing as an explanation yet fully consistent with contrast gain control. Because the mechanism is not face specific, contrast between skin and any adjacent surface should affect skin appearance. This suggests that adornments such as makeup, hair coloring, clothing, and jewelry could also affect skin appearance through contrast suppression or enhancement, linking these cultural practices to the structure and function of the visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Russell
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, USA
| | - Carlota Batres
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, USA.,Present address: Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Alex L Jones
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, USA.,Present address: Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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23
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Perception and Deception: Human Beauty and the Brain. Behav Sci (Basel) 2019; 9:bs9040034. [PMID: 30934856 PMCID: PMC6523404 DOI: 10.3390/bs9040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human physical characteristics and their perception by the brain are under pressure by natural selection to optimize reproductive success. Men and women have different strategies to appear attractive and have different interests in identifying beauty in people. Nevertheless, men and women from all cultures agree on who is and who is not attractive, and throughout the world attractive people show greater acquisition of resources and greater reproductive success than others. The brain employs at least three modules, composed of interconnected brain regions, to judge facial attractiveness: one for identification, one for interpretation and one for valuing. Key elements that go into the judgment are age and health, as well as symmetry, averageness, face and body proportions, facial color and texture. These elements are all Costly Signals of reproductive fitness because they are difficult to fake. However, people deceive others using tricks such as coloring hair, cosmetics and clothing styles, while at the same time they also focus on detecting fakes. People may also deceive themselves, especially about their own attractiveness, and use self-signally actions to demonstrate to themselves their own true value. The neuroscience of beauty is best understood by considering the evolutionary pressures to maximize reproductive fitness.
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