1
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Watzlawik JO, Hou X, Richardson T, Lewicki SL, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Cook CN, Petrucelli L, DeTure M, Dickson DW, Antico O, Muqit MMK, Fishman JB, Pirani K, Kumaran R, Polinski NK, Fiesel FC, Springer W. Development and characterization of phospho-ubiquitin antibodies to monitor PINK1-PRKN signaling in cells and tissue. Autophagy 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38802071 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2356490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria, a process termed mitophagy, is critical for cellular health and impairments have been linked to aging, Parkinson disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. A central mitophagy pathway is orchestrated by the ubiquitin (Ub) kinase PINK1 together with the E3 Ub ligase PRKN/Parkin. The decoration of damaged mitochondrial domains with phosphorylated Ub (p-S65-Ub) mediates their elimination though the autophagy system. As such p-S65-Ub has emerged as a highly specific and quantitative marker of mitochondrial damage with significant disease relevance. Existing p-S65-Ub antibodies have been successfully employed as research tools in a range of applications including western blot, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. However, physiological levels of p-S65-Ub in the absence of exogenous stress are very low, therefore difficult to detect and require reliable and ultrasensitive methods. Here we generated and characterized a collection of novel recombinant, rabbit monoclonal p-S65-Ub antibodies with high specificity and affinity in certain applications that allow the field to better understand the molecular mechanisms and disease relevance of PINK1-PRKN signaling. These antibodies may also serve as novel diagnostic or prognostic tools to monitor mitochondrial damage in various clinical and pathological specimens.Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer disease; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HEK293E cell: human embryonic kidney E cell; ICC: immunocytochemistry; IHC: immunohistochemistry: KO: knockout; LoB: limit of blank; LoD: limit of detection; LoQ: limit of quantification; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; MSD: Meso Scale Discovery; n.s.: non-significant; nonTg: non-transgenic; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell; PD: Parkinson disease; p-S65-PRKN: phosphorylated PRKN at serine 65; p-S65-Ub: phosphorylated Ub at serine 65; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Casey N Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Odetta Antico
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Miratul M K Muqit
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nicole K Polinski
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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2
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Baninameh Z, Watzlawik JO, Hou X, Richardson T, Kurchaba NW, Yan T, Di Florio DN, Fairweather D, Kang L, Nguyen JH, Kanekiyo T, Dickson DW, Noda S, Sato S, Hattori N, Goldberg MS, Ganley IG, Stauch KL, Fiesel FC, Springer W. Alterations of PINK1-PRKN signaling in mice during normal aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.591753. [PMID: 38746191 PMCID: PMC11092476 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.591753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitin kinase-ligase pair PINK1-PRKN identifies and selectively marks damaged mitochondria for elimination via the autophagy-lysosome system (mitophagy). While this cytoprotective pathway has been extensively studied in vitro upon acute and complete depolarization of mitochondria, the significance of PINK1-PRKN mitophagy in vivo is less well established. Here we used a novel approach to study PINK1-PRKN signaling in different energetically demanding tissues of mice during normal aging. We demonstrate a generally increased expression of both genes and enhanced enzymatic activity with aging across tissue types. Collectively our data suggest a distinct regulation of PINK1-PRKN signaling under basal conditions with the most pronounced activation and flux of the pathway in mouse heart compared to brain or skeletal muscle. Our biochemical analyses complement existing mitophagy reporter readouts and provide an important baseline assessment in vivo, setting the stage for further investigations of the PINK1-PRKN pathway during stress and in relevant disease conditions.
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3
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Hussain MS, Moglad E, Afzal M, Sharma S, Gupta G, Sivaprasad GV, Deorari M, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Shahwan M, Pant K, Ali H, Singh SK, Dua K, Subramaniyan V. Autophagy-associated non-coding RNAs: Unraveling their impact on Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14763. [PMID: 38790149 PMCID: PMC11126788 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological condition marked by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The precise etiology of PD remains unclear, but emerging evidence suggests a significant role for disrupted autophagy-a crucial cellular process for maintaining protein and organelle integrity. METHODS This review focuses on the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in modulating autophagy in PD. We conducted a comprehensive review of recent studies to explore how ncRNAs influence autophagy and contribute to PD pathophysiology. Special attention was given to the examination of ncRNAs' regulatory impacts in various PD models and patient samples. RESULTS Findings reveal that ncRNAs are pivotal in regulating key processes associated with PD progression, including autophagy, α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Dysregulation of specific ncRNAs appears to be closely linked to these pathogenic processes. CONCLUSION ncRNAs hold significant therapeutic potential for addressing autophagy-related mechanisms in PD. The review highlights innovative therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy-related ncRNAs and discusses the challenges and prospective directions for developing ncRNA-based therapies in clinical practice. The insights from this study underline the importance of ncRNAs in the molecular landscape of PD and their potential in novel treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesJaipur National UniversityJaipurRajasthanIndia
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl KharjSaudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy ProgramBatterjee Medical CollegeJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of CollegesMohaliPunjabIndia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre of Medical and Bio‐allied Health Sciences ResearchAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
- Chitkara College of PharmacyChitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjabIndia
| | - G. V. Sivaprasad
- Department of Basic Science & HumanitiesRaghu Engineering CollegeVisakhapatnamIndia
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesUttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyUmm Al‐Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyJouf UniversitySakakaAl‐JoufSaudi Arabia
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio‐allied Health Sciences ResearchAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Kumud Pant
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University)DehradunIndia
- Graphic Era Hill UniversityDehradunIndia
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
- Department of PharmacologyKyrgyz State Medical CollegeBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjabIndia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative MedicineUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative MedicineUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesUttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
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4
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Kinnart I, Manders L, Heyninck T, Imberechts D, Praschberger R, Schoovaerts N, Verfaillie C, Verstreken P, Vandenberghe W. Elevated α-synuclein levels inhibit mitophagic flux. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:80. [PMID: 38594264 PMCID: PMC11004019 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic effect of SNCA gene multiplications indicates that elevation of wild-type α-synuclein levels is sufficient to cause Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondria have been proposed to be a major target of α-synuclein-induced damage. PINK1/parkin/DJ-1-mediated mitophagy is a defense strategy that allows cells to selectively eliminate severely damaged mitochondria. Here, we quantified mitophagic flux and non-mitochondrial autophagic flux in three models of increased α-synuclein expression: 1/Drosophila melanogaster that transgenically express human wild-type and mutant α-synuclein in flight muscle; 2/human skin fibroblasts transfected with α-synuclein or β-synuclein; and 3/human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons carrying an extra copy of wild-type SNCA under control of a doxycycline-inducible promoter, allowing titratable α-synuclein upregulation. In each model, elevated α-synuclein levels potently suppressed mitophagic flux, while non-mitochondrial autophagy was preserved. In human neurons, a twofold increase in wild-type α-synuclein was already sufficient to induce this effect. PINK1 and parkin activation and mitochondrial translocation of DJ-1 after mitochondrial depolarization were not affected by α-synuclein upregulation. Overexpression of the actin-severing protein cofilin or treatment with CK666, an inhibitor of the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, rescued mitophagy in neurons with increased α-synuclein, suggesting that excessive actin network stabilization mediated the mitophagy defect. In conclusion, elevated α-synuclein levels inhibit mitophagic flux. Disruption of actin dynamics may play a key role in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Kinnart
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liselot Manders
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thibaut Heyninck
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dorien Imberechts
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Praschberger
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nils Schoovaerts
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Patrik Verstreken
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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5
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Walton RL, Koga S, Beasley AI, White LJ, Griesacker T, Murray ME, Kasanuki K, Hou X, Fiesel FC, Springer W, Uitti RJ, Fields JA, Botha H, Ramanan VK, Kantarci K, Lowe VJ, Jack CR, Ertekin-Taner N, Savica R, Graff-Radford J, Petersen RC, Parisi JE, Reichard RR, Graff-Radford NR, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Ross OA, Heckman MG. Role of GBA variants in Lewy body disease neuropathology. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:54. [PMID: 38472443 PMCID: PMC11049671 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Rare and common GBA variants are risk factors for both Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). However, the degree to which GBA variants are associated with neuropathological features in Lewy body disease (LBD) is unknown. Herein, we assessed 943 LBD cases and examined associations of 15 different neuropathological outcomes with common and rare GBA variants. Neuropathological outcomes included LBD subtype, presence of a high likelihood of clinical DLB (per consensus guidelines), LB counts in five cortical regions, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the dorsolateral and ventromedial putamen, ventrolateral substantia nigra neuronal loss, Braak neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) stage, Thal amyloid phase, phospho-ubiquitin (pS65-Ub) level, TDP-43 pathology, and vascular disease. Sequencing of GBA exons revealed a total of 42 different variants (4 common [MAF > 0.5%], 38 rare [MAF < 0.5%]) in our series, and 165 cases (17.5%) had a copy of the minor allele for ≥ 1 variant. In analysis of common variants, p.L483P was associated with a lower Braak NFT stage (OR = 0.10, P < 0.001). In gene-burden analysis, presence of the minor allele for any GBA variant was associated with increased odds of a high likelihood of DLB (OR = 2.00, P < 0.001), a lower Braak NFT stage (OR = 0.48, P < 0.001), a lower Thal amyloid phase (OR = 0.55, P < 0.001), and a lower pS65-Ub level (β: -0.37, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that GBA variants were most common in LBD cases with a combination of transitional/diffuse LBD and Braak NFT stage 0-II or Thal amyloid phase 0-1, and correspondingly that the aforementioned associations of GBA gene-burden with a decreased Braak NFT stage and Thal amyloid phase were observed only in transitional or diffuse LBD cases. Our results indicate that in LBD, GBA variants occur most frequently in cases with greater LB pathology and low AD pathology, further informing disease-risk associations of GBA in PD, PD dementia, and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Shunsuke Koga
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Launia J White
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Koji Kasanuki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan J Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Julie A Fields
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hugo Botha
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Rodolfo Savica
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph E Parisi
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R Ross Reichard
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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6
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Watzlawik JO, Hou X, Richardson T, Lewicki SL, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Cook CN, Petrucelli L, DeTure M, Dickson DW, Antico O, Muqit MMK, Fishman JB, Pirani K, Kumaran R, Polinski NK, Fiesel FC, Springer W. Development and characterization of phospho-ubiquitin antibodies to monitor PINK1-PRKN signaling in cells and tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575715. [PMID: 38293125 PMCID: PMC10827112 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria, a process termed mitophagy, is critical for cellular health and impairments have been linked to aging, Parkinson disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. A central mitophagy pathway is orchestrated by the ubiquitin (Ub) kinase PINK1 together with the E3 Ub ligase PRKN/Parkin. The decoration of damaged mitochondrial domains with phosphorylated Ub (p-S65-Ub) mediates their elimination though the autophagy system. As such p-S65-Ub has emerged as a highly specific and quantitative marker of mitochondrial damage with significant disease relevance. Existing p-S65-Ub antibodies have been successfully employed as research tools in a range of applications including western blot, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. However, physiological levels of p-S65-Ub in the absence of exogenous stress are very low, therefore difficult to detect and require reliable and ultrasensitive methods. Here we generated and characterized a collection of novel recombinant, rabbit monoclonal p-S65-Ub antibodies with high specificity and affinity in certain applications that allow the field to better understand the molecular mechanisms and disease relevance of PINK1-PRKN signaling. These antibodies may also serve as novel diagnostic or prognostic tools to monitor mitochondrial damage in various clinical and pathological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens O. Watzlawik
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Szymon L. Lewicki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
| | | | - Casey N. Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Odetta Antico
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Miratul M. K. Muqit
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karima Pirani
- ImmunoPrecise Antibodies Ltd., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | | | - Nicole K. Polinski
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY 10163, USA
| | - Fabienne C. Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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7
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Fang TSZ, Sun Y, Pearce AC, Eleuteri S, Kemp M, Luckhurst CA, Williams R, Mills R, Almond S, Burzynski L, Márkus NM, Lelliott CJ, Karp NA, Adams DJ, Jackson SP, Zhao JF, Ganley IG, Thompson PW, Balmus G, Simon DK. Knockout or inhibition of USP30 protects dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinson's disease mouse model. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7295. [PMID: 37957154 PMCID: PMC10643470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SNCA, the gene encoding α-synuclein (αSyn), cause familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and aberrant αSyn is a key pathological hallmark of idiopathic PD. This α-synucleinopathy leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which may drive dopaminergic neurodegeneration. PARKIN and PINK1, mutated in autosomal recessive PD, regulate the preferential autophagic clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria ("mitophagy") by inducing ubiquitylation of mitochondrial proteins, a process counteracted by deubiquitylation via USP30. Here we show that loss of USP30 in Usp30 knockout mice protects against behavioral deficits and leads to increased mitophagy, decreased phospho-S129 αSyn, and attenuation of SN dopaminergic neuronal loss induced by αSyn. These observations were recapitulated with a potent, selective, brain-penetrant USP30 inhibitor, MTX115325, with good drug-like properties. These data strongly support further study of USP30 inhibition as a potential disease-modifying therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy-Shi Zhang Fang
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yu Sun
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Andrew C Pearce
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Simona Eleuteri
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Kemp
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Christopher A Luckhurst
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Rachel Williams
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Ross Mills
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Sarah Almond
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Laura Burzynski
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Nóra M Márkus
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | | | | | | | - Stephen P Jackson
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Jin-Feng Zhao
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Ian G Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Paul W Thompson
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd. Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK.
| | - Gabriel Balmus
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, 400191, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - David K Simon
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Hou X, Heckman MG, Fiesel FC, Koga S, Soto-Beasley AI, Watzlawik JO, Zhao J, Valentino RR, Johnson PW, White LJ, Quicksall ZS, Reddy JS, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Zhao N, Bu G, Dickson DW, Ross OA, Springer W. Genome-wide association study identifies APOE and ZMIZ1 variants as mitophagy modifiers in Lewy body disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.16.23297100. [PMID: 37905059 PMCID: PMC10615013 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.23297100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The PINK1-PRKN pathway mediates a critical quality control to maintain mitochondrial health and function. Together the kinase-ligase pair identifies and decorate damaged mitochondria with phosphorylated ubiquitin (p-S65-Ub). This selective label serves as the mitophagy tag and facilitates their degradation via autophagy-lysosome system. While complete loss of PINK1 or PRKN function causes early-onset Parkinson disease, much broader mitophagy impairments are emerging across neurodegenerative disorders. We previously found age- and disease-dependent accumulation of p-S65-Ub signal in the hippocampus of autopsy brains with Lewy body disease (LBD). However, the contribution of genetic variation to mitochondrial damage and p-S65-Ub levels remains unknown in LBD cases. To identify novel regulators of PINK1-PRKN mitophagy in LBD, we performed an unbiased genome-wide association study of hippocampal p-S65-Ub level with 1,012 autopsy confirmed LBD samples. Using an established, mostly automated workflow, hippocampal sections were immunostained for p-S65-Ub, scanned, and quantified with unbiased algorithms. Functional validation of the significant hit was performed in animal model and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We identified a strong association with p-S65-Ub for APOE4 (rs429358; β : 0.50, 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.69; p =8.67x10 -25 ) and a genome-wide significant association for ZMIZ1 (rs6480922; β : -0.33, 95% CI: -0.45 to -0.22; p =1.42x10 -8 ). The increased p-S65-Ub levels in APOE4 -carrier may be mediated by both co-pathology-dependent and -independent mechanisms, which was confirmed in Apoe-targeted replacement mice and hiPSC-derived astrocytes. Intriguingly, ZMIZ1 rs6480922 also significantly associated with increased brain weight and reduced neuropathological burden indicating a potential role as a resilience factor. Our findings nominate novel mitophagy regulators in LBD brain ( ZMIZ1 locus) and highlight a strong association of APOE4 with mitophagy alteration. With APOE4 being the strongest known risk factor for clinical Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, our findings suggest a common mechanistic link underscoring the importance of mitochondrial quality control.
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Nechushtai L, Frenkel D, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Autophagy in Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1435. [PMID: 37892117 PMCID: PMC10604695 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating disease associated with accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) within dopaminergic neurons, leading to neuronal death. PD is characterized by both motor and non-motor clinical symptoms. Several studies indicate that autophagy, an important intracellular degradation pathway, may be involved in different neurodegenerative diseases including PD. The autophagic process mediates the degradation of protein aggregates, damaged and unneeded proteins, and organelles, allowing their clearance, and thereby maintaining cell homeostasis. Impaired autophagy may cause the accumulation of abnormal proteins. Incomplete or impaired autophagy may explain the neurotoxic accumulation of protein aggregates in several neurodegenerative diseases including PD. Indeed, studies have suggested the contribution of impaired autophagy to α-Syn accumulation, the death of dopaminergic neurons, and neuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on the involvement of autophagy in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (L.N.); (D.F.)
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