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Yang J, Qin S, Sun N, Cai Y, Li J, Zhai Z, An J, Wang H, Du R, Qin J. Neohesperidin alleviates the inhibitory effect of bisphenol A on the myogenic differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via the IGF1R/AKT1/RHOA signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116804. [PMID: 39083871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a typical environmental endocrine disruptor, has raised concerns among researchers due to its toxicological effects. Whether neohesperidin (NEO) can intervene in the toxic effects of BPA remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of NEO on the myogenic differentiation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) exposed to BPA. Sheep UC-MSCs were isolated, characterized, and induced to myogenic differentiation. BPA decreased cell viability, cell migration, and the expressions of myogenic marker genes, leading to myogenic differentiation inhibition, which were reversed by NEO. Network pharmacology suggested the IGF1R/AKT1/RHOA pathway as potential targets of BPA and NEO regulating muscle development. Western blot results showed that NEO could reverse the down-regulation of the pathway proteins induced by BPA, and counteract the effects of picropodophyllin (PPP) or MK-2206 dihydrochloride (MK-2206) in the myogenic differentiation of sheep UC-MSCs. Additionally, the expression levels of (p-) IGF1R, AKT1, and RHOA were positively correlated. Taken together, the mechanisms of NEO resistance to BPA involved the IGF1R/AKT1/RHOA signaling pathway. These findings provide a scientific basis for alleviating BPA toxicity, preventing and treating muscular dysplasia, and promoting muscle damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Sen Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yang Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Zhuhui Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jie An
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Hejie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Rong Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jian Qin
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Center of Experiment Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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2
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Sobsey CA, Froehlich BC, Mitsa G, Ibrahim S, Popp R, Zahedi RP, de Bruin EC, Borchers CH, Batist G. mTORC1-Driven Protein Translation Correlates with Clinical Benefit of Capivasertib within a Genetically Preselected Cohort of PIK3CA-Altered Tumors. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2058-2074. [PMID: 38954770 PMCID: PMC11320025 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Capivasertib is a potent selective inhibitor of AKT. It was recently FDA approved in combination with fulvestrant to treat HR+, HER2-negative breast cancers with certain genetic alteration(s) activating the PI3K pathway. In phase I trials, heavily pretreated patients with tumors selected for activating PI3K pathway mutations treated with capivasertib monotherapy demonstrated objective response rates of <30%. We investigated the proteomic profile associated with capivasertib response in genetically preselected patients and cancer cell lines. We analyzed samples from 16 PIK3CA-mutated patient tumors collected prior to capivasertib monotherapy in the phase I trial. PI3K pathway proteins were precisely quantified with immuno-Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-mass spectrometry (iMALDI-MS). Global proteomic profiles were also obtained. Patients were classified according to response to capivasertib monotherapy: "clinical benefit (CB)" (≥12 weeks without progression, n = 7) or "no clinical benefit (NCB)" (progression in <12 weeks, n = 9). Proteins that differed between the patient groups were subsequently quantified in AKT1- or PIK3CA-altered breast cancer cell lines with varying capivasertib sensitivity. The measured concentrations of AKT1 and AKT2 varied among the PIK3CA-mutated tumors but did not differ between the CB and NCB groups. However, analysis of the global proteome data showed that translational activity was higher in tumors of the NCB vs. CB group. When reproducibly quantified by validated LC-MRM-MS assays, the same proteins of interest similarly distinguished between capivasertib-sensitive versus -resistant cell lines. The results provide further evidence that increased mTORC1-driven translation functions as a mechanism of resistance to capivasertib monotherapy. Protein concentrations may offer additional insights for patient selection for capivasertib, even among genetically preselected patients. SIGNIFICANCE Capivasertib's first-in-class FDA approval demonstrates its promise, yet there remains an opportunity to optimize its use. Our results provide new evidence that proteomics can stratify genetically preselected patients on clinical benefit. Characterization of the same profile in cell lines furnishes additional validation. Among PIK3CA-altered tumors, increased mTORC1-driven translation appears to confer intrinsic resistance. Assessing mTORC1 activation could therefore prove a useful complement to the existing genetic selection strategy for capivasertib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance A. Sobsey
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Bjoern C. Froehlich
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Georgia Mitsa
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Sahar Ibrahim
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Rene P. Zahedi
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | | | - Christoph H. Borchers
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Gerald Batist
- Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- McGill Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Liu Y, Huo JL, Ren K, Pan S, Liu H, Zheng Y, Chen J, Qiao Y, Yang Y, Feng Q. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM): a dark horse for diabetic cardiomyopathy treatment. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:148. [PMID: 38509100 PMCID: PMC10954771 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), an important complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is one of the most serious chronic heart diseases and has become a major cause of heart failure worldwide. At present, the pathogenesis of DCM is unclear, and there is still a lack of effective therapeutics. Previous studies have shown that the homeostasis of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play a core role in maintaining cardiovascular function, and structural and functional abnormalities in these organelles seriously impact the occurrence and development of various cardiovascular diseases, including DCM. The interplay between mitochondria and the ER is mediated by the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM), which participates in regulating energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, ER stress, inflammation, and other cellular processes. Recent studies have proven that MAM is closely related to the initiation and progression of DCM. In this study, we aim to summarize the recent research progress on MAM, elaborate on the key role of MAM in DCM, and discuss the potential of MAM as an important therapeutic target for DCM, thereby providing a theoretical reference for basic and clinical studies of DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ling Huo
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaokang Pan
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hengdao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Jingfang Chen
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yingjin Qiao
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Feng
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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Cao Y, Zhou X, Nie Q, Zhang J. Inhibition of the thioredoxin system for radiosensitization therapy of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116218. [PMID: 38387331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) stands as a cornerstone in the clinical armamentarium against various cancers due to its proven efficacy. However, the intrinsic radiation resistance exhibited by cancer cells, coupled with the adverse effects of RT on normal tissues, often compromises its therapeutic potential and leads to unwanted side effects. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate our understanding of how radiosensitizers inhibit the thioredoxin (Trx) system in cellular contexts. Notable radiosensitizers, including gold nanoparticles (GNPs), gold triethylphosphine cyanide ([Au(SCN) (PEt3)]), auranofin, ceria nanoparticles (CONPs), curcumin and its derivatives, piperlongamide, indolequinone derivatives, micheliolide, motexafin gadolinium, and ethane selenide selenidazole derivatives (SeDs), are meticulously elucidated in terms of their applications in radiotherapy. In this review, the sensitization mechanisms and the current research progress of these radiosensitizers are discussed in detail, with the overall aim of providing valuable insights for the judicious application of Trx system inhibitors in the field of cancer radiosensitization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Cao
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiedong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiuying Nie
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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5
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Zhao YY, Li J, Wang HQ, Zheng HB, Ma SW, Zhou GZ. Activation of autophagy promotes the inhibitory effect of curcumin analog EF-24 against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23642. [PMID: 38348710 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. EF-24, an analog of curcumin, has been shown to possess promising anticancer effects. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of EF-24 against one breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, and its anti-migration ability were assessed by MTT, wound healing, and Transwell assay. Furthermore, we found that EF-24 could induce initiation of autophagy as evidenced by fluorescence and electron microscope observation. EF-24 also induced mitochondrial apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells as detected by Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry analysis, and western blot analysis. In addition, the early autophagy inhibitor 3-MA could reduce the cleavage of PARP protein and protect cells from EF-24-induced apoptosis, while the autophagy inducer (rapamycin) could enhance the anticancer effect of EF-24 in MDA-MB-231 cells, which suggest that EF-24 induces crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, which herein participate in the antiproliferative effect of EF-24 in breast cancer cells. Moreover, removal of EF-24-activated ROS with NAC significantly reversed migration ability of MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating that EF-24 exerted an inhibitory effect through a ROS-mediating pathway. These results will help to elucidate the antitumor mechanism of curcumin analogs and to explore future potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yin Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao-Qi Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao-Bo Zheng
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shi-Wei Ma
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guang-Zhou Zhou
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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6
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Kim GD. Harmine Hydrochloride Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in SK-Hep1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:436-443. [PMID: 38188092 PMCID: PMC10764232 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.4.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a globally common form of cancer. Thus, novel drugs derived from natural products are needed to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy. The present study aimed to analyze the anticancer properties and effects of harmine hydrochloride (HMH), a water-soluble metabolite of harmine that can be easily absorbed into tissues, in treating liver cancer cells. HMH dose-dependently inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation in SK-Hep1 cells. It also induced G2/M arrest by reducing the expression of p-cdc2, cyclin B1, and Rb (G2/M phase regulatory proteins) in a dose-dependent manner. HMH treatment reduced the expression of caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP, and Bcl-2 and increased the expression of Bax (a proapoptotic protein). Moreover, it increased the production of reactive oxygen species and decreased the intracellular uptake of rhodamine 123 due to mitochondrial dysfunction because of oxidative stress. HMH treatment also upregulated the phosphorylation of JNK, p38, and FOXO3a in SK-Hep1 cells and downregulated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that HMH may activate the compounds responsible for anticancer effects in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Dae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
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7
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Kim GD. Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Dendropanax morbifera Leveille Leaf Extract via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. J Cancer Prev 2023; 28:185-193. [PMID: 38205361 PMCID: PMC10774480 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2023.28.4.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is prevalent worldwide and associated with a high mortality rate. Therefore, developing novel drugs derived from natural products to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy is urgently needed. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Dendropanax morbifera Leveille extract (DME) on growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. DME suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion of SK-Hep1 human HCC cells. It also reduced the expression of the G0/G1 phase regulator proteins cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4, cyclin D, CDK2, and cyclin E, thereby inducing G0/G1 arrest. Moreover, DME treatment reduced the expression of antiapoptotic proteins, including caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP, and Bcl-2 and increased the expression of the proapoptotic protein, Bax. DME also increased reactive oxygen species production and reduced the cellular uptake of rhodamine 123. DME treatment increased the levels of p-p38 and p-FOXO3a in a dose-dependent manner and decreased those of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, and p-p70 in SK-Hep1 cells. In addition, combined treatment with DME and LY294002, an AKT inhibitor, significantly reduced p-AKT levels. In summary, these results show that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is involved in DME-mediated inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, and induction of apoptosis of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Dae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea
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8
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Sazdova I, Keremidarska-Markova M, Dimitrova D, Mitrokhin V, Kamkin A, Hadzi-Petrushev N, Bogdanov J, Schubert R, Gagov H, Avtanski D, Mladenov M. Anticarcinogenic Potency of EF24: An Overview of Its Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, Mechanism of Action, and Nanoformulation for Drug Delivery. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5478. [PMID: 38001739 PMCID: PMC10670065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
EF24, a synthetic monocarbonyl analog of curcumin, shows significant potential as an anticancer agent with both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties. It exhibits rapid absorption, extensive tissue distribution, and efficient metabolism, ensuring optimal bioavailability and sustained exposure of the target tissues. The ability of EF24 to penetrate biological barriers and accumulate at tumor sites makes it advantageous for effective cancer treatment. Studies have demonstrated EF24's remarkable efficacy against various cancers, including breast, lung, prostate, colon, and pancreatic cancer. The unique mechanism of action of EF24 involves modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways, disrupting cancer-promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. EF24 inhibits tumor growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, mainly through inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and by regulating key genes by modulating microRNA (miRNA) expression or the proteasomal pathway. In summary, EF24 is a promising anticancer compound with a unique mechanism of action that makes it effective against various cancers. Its ability to enhance the effects of conventional therapies, coupled with improvements in drug delivery systems, could make it a valuable asset in cancer treatment. However, addressing its solubility and stability challenges will be crucial for its successful clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyana Sazdova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.S.); (M.K.-M.); (H.G.)
| | - Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.S.); (M.K.-M.); (H.G.)
| | - Daniela Dimitrova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Andre Kamkin
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Jane Bogdanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Rudolf Schubert
- Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Hristo Gagov
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.S.); (M.K.-M.); (H.G.)
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Mitko Mladenov
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
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Shang F, Wang Y, Shi Z, Deng Z, Ma J. Development of a Signature Based on Eight Metastatic-Related Genes for Prognosis of GC Patients. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1796-1808. [PMID: 36790659 PMCID: PMC10518294 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has been a common tumor type with high mortality. Distal metastasis is one of the main causes of death in GC patients, which is also related to poor prognosis. The mRNA profiles and clinical information of GC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Univariate Cox and LASSO Cox analyses were used to screen the optimal metastasis-related genes (MRGs) to establish a prognostic Risk Score model for GC patients. The nomogram was used to visualize the Risk Score and predict the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rate. The immune cell infiltration was analyzed by CIBERSORT and the ratio of immune-stromal component was calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm. A total of 142 differentially expressed genes were identified between metastatic and non-metastatic GC samples. The optimal 8 genes, comprising GAMT (guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase), ABCB5 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5), ITIH3 (inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3), GDF3 (growth differentiation factor 3), VSTM2L (V-set and transmembrane domain-containing 2 like), CIDEA (cell death inducing DFFA like effector a), NPTX1 (neuronal pentraxin-1), and UMOD (uromodulin), were further screened to establish a prognostic Risk Score, which proved to be an independent prognostic factor. Patients in high-risk group had a poor prognosis. There were significant differences in the proportion of 11 tumor-infiltrating immune cells between high-risk and low-risk subgroups. In addition, the StromalScore, ImmuneScore, and ESTIMATEScore in high-risk group were higher than those in low-risk group, indicating that the tumor microenvironment of the high-risk group was more complex. A Risk Score model based on eight metastasis-related genes could clearly distinguish the prognosis of GC patients. The poor prognosis of patients with high-Risk Score might be associated with the complex tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjing Shang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Zixu Shi
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhidong Deng
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Jianwen Ma
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, No. 301 Zhengyuan North Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China.
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10
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Cheng L, Zhai H, Du J, Zhang G, Shi G. Lobetyolin inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis by downregulating ASCT2 in gastric cancer. Cytotechnology 2023; 75:435-448. [PMID: 37655270 PMCID: PMC10465467 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease and is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Lobetyolin, as a bioactive ingredient extracted from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., has been reported to exert anti-tumor effects in several cancer types. This study was aimed to investigate the role of lobetyolin in GC and the associated mechanism. MKN-45 and MKN-28 cells were incubated with concentrations of lobetyolin for 24 h. The viability and survival of GC cells were evaluated by performing MTT assay. Glutamine uptake, Adenosine Triphosphate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione levels were measured by corresponding kits. Apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential of GC cells were determined by flow cytometry. Alanine, serine, cysteine-preferring transporter 2 (ASCT2) and the AKT/GSK3β/c-Myc pathway protein levels were examined by western blotting. Xenograft model and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the pharmacological effects of lobetyolin in mice in vivo. We found that lobetyolin treatment suppressed the proliferative capacity of both MKN-45 and MKN-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Lobetyolin reduced the uptake of glutamine and downregulated the expression levels of ASCT2 in GC cells and xenograft tumors. Lobetyolin effectively restrained the growth of tumors in vivo. In addition, lobetyolin induced the accumulation of ROS to attenuate mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via downregulation of ASCT2 expression. Lobetyolin promoted the phosphorylation of c-Myc and suppressed the phosphorylation of GSK3β and AKT in both MKN-45 and MKN-28 cells. The level of total Nrf2 protein was reduced after lobetyolin treatment. Overall, lobetyolin exerts anti-cancer effects by repressing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis via downregulation of ASCT2 in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Qianjiang, Yangtze University, Qianjiang, 433100 China
| | - Haoqing Zhai
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Qianjiang, Yangtze University, Qianjiang, 433100 China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hubei University Hospital, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Digestive 2, Wuhan Sixth Hospital, Wuhan, 430015 China
| | - Gan Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Xinzhou District People’s Hospital, No.61, Xinzhou Street, Zhucheng Street, Xinzhou District, Wuhan, 430400 China
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11
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Biagioni A, Peri S, Versienti G, Fiorillo C, Becatti M, Magnelli L, Papucci L. Gastric Cancer Vascularization and the Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2023; 13:886. [PMID: 37371466 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are the most important way for cancer cells to survive and diffuse in the body, metastasizing distant organs. During the process of tumor expansion, the neoplastic mass progressively induces modifications in the microenvironment due to its uncontrolled growth, generating a hypoxic and low pH milieu with high fluid pressure and low nutrients concentration. In such a particular condition, reactive oxygen species play a fundamental role, enhancing tumor proliferation and migration, inducing a glycolytic phenotype and promoting angiogenesis. Indeed, to reach new sources of oxygen and metabolites, highly aggressive cancer cells might produce a new abnormal network of vessels independently from endothelial cells, a process called vasculogenic mimicry. Even though many molecular markers and mechanisms, especially in gastric cancer, are still unclear, the formation of such intricate, leaky and abnormal vessel networks is closely associated with patients' poor prognosis, and therefore finding new pharmaceutical solutions to be applied along with canonical chemotherapies in order to control and normalize the formation of such networks is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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12
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Isoquercitrin Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Immunogenic Cell Death in Gastric Cancer Cells. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:1128-1142. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Kim GD. Harmine Hydrochloride Triggers G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in HCT116 Cells through ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:445-452. [PMID: 35047441 PMCID: PMC8747958 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.4.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignant carcinomas. There is a pressing need to develop naturally derived novel drugs with minimal side effects for treatment of CRC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of harmine hydrochloride (HMH), a hydrophilic and stable substance that is easily absorbed by tissues and similar to harmine, and the underlying mechanism of action in human CRC HCT116 cells. HMH inhibited the growth, colony formation, and migration ability of HCT116 cells. Additionally, HMH induced G2 cell cycle arrest by reducing expression of p-cdc2, cdc2, and cyclin B1, proteins that regulate the G2/M phase, and expression of Rb, a protein that regulates cell proliferation, in a dose-dependent manner. HMH mediated apoptosis by downregulating expression of apoptotic proteins (such as caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP) and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and by inducing expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein. Furthermore, HMH reduced the levels of p-ERK, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR in HCT116 cells, and significantly inhibited p-ERK and p-AKT expression in cells treated with of HMH and PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, or LY294002, an AKT inhibitor (P<0.05 and P<0.01). These results demonstrate the inhibi-tory effect of HMH on cell proliferation and migration through inducing apoptosis by inhibiting ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, indicating its potential therapeutic applications in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Dae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
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14
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He Y, Li W, Zhang J, Yang Y, Qian YW, Zhou D. The curcumin analog EF24 is highly active against chemotherapy-resistant melanoma cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:608-618. [PMID: 33655859 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210303092921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive type of skin cancer with a poor prognosis, because MM cells are characterized by unresponsiveness to chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of several curcumin analogs on four MM cell lines (SK-MEL-28, MeWo, A-375, and CHL-1), and explored their underlying mechanisms of action. METHODS Cell viability was measured by a Tetrazolium-based MTS assay. Cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell cycle were assayed by flow cytometry. Protein levels were assayed by western blotting. RESULTS MM cells are quite resistant to the conventional chemotherapeutics cisplatin and dacarbazine, and the targeted therapy drug vemurafinib. Among the curcumin analogs, EF24 is the most potent compound against the resistant MM cells. EF24 dose- and time-dependently reduced the viability of MM cells by inducing apoptosis. Although EF24 did not increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), it upregulated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker BiP, but downregulated the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. Moreover, treatment of MM cells with EF24 downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, as well as the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) XIAP, cIAP1, and Birc7, which are known to protect MM cells from apoptosis. The downregulation of Bcl-2 and IAP expression by EF24 was associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that EF24 is a potent anti-MM agent. The anti-MM effect is likely mediated by the suppression of UPR and the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghan He
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Ya-Wei Qian
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205. United States
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
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15
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PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in gastric cancer: Epigenetics and beyond. Life Sci 2020; 262:118513. [PMID: 33011222 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways involved in normal cellular processes. Its aberrant activation modulates autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and metastasis in many human cancers. Emerging evidence demonstrates that some infections as well as epigenetic regulatory mechanisms can control PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In this review, we focused on the role of this pathway in gastric cancer development, prognosis, and metastasis, with an emphasis on epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and post-transcriptional modulations through non-coding RNAs fluctuations as well as H. pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infections. Finally, we reviewed different molecular targets and therapeutic agents in clinical trials as a potential strategy for gastric cancer treatment through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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16
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Jin J, Chen N, Pan H, Xie W, Xu H, Lei S, Guo Z, Ding R, He Y, Gao J. Triclosan induces ROS-dependent cell death and autophagy in A375 melanoma cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:73. [PMID: 32863906 PMCID: PMC7436935 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a common type of cutaneous tumor, but current drug treatments do not satisfy clinical practice requirements. At present, mitochondrial uncoupling is an effective antitumor treatment. Triclosan, a common antimicrobial, also acts as a mitochondrial uncoupler. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of triclosan on melanoma cells and the underlying mechanisms. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS), intracellular superoxide anion and [Ca2+]i were measured using confocal microscopy. It was found that triclosan application was associated with decreased A375 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and these effects may have cell specificity. Furthermore, triclosan induced MMP depolarization, ATP content decrease, mito-ROS and [Ca2+]i level increases, excessive mitochondrial fission, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and STAT3 inhibition. Moreover, these aforementioned effects were reversed by acetylcysteine treatment. Triclosan acute treatment also induced mitochondrial swelling, which was reversed after AMPK-knockdown associated with [Ca2+]i overload. Cell death was caused by STAT3 inhibition but not AMPK activation. Moreover, triclosan induced autophagy via the ROS/AMPK/p62/microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) signaling pathway, which may serve a role in feedback protection. Collectively, the present results suggested that triclosan increased mito-ROS production in melanoma cells, following induced cell death via the STAT3/Bcl-2 pathway and autophagy via the AMPK/p62/LC3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Naiwen Chen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China.,Department of Surgety, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Huan Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China.,Department of Surgety, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Lei
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China.,Department of Surgety, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Renye Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Jinlai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
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17
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Selective Induction of Cellular Toxicity and Anti-tumor Efficacy by N-Methylpiperazinyl Diarylidenylpiperidone and its Pro-nitroxide Conjugate through ROS-mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and G2/M Cell-cycle Arrest in Human Pancreatic Cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:191-202. [PMID: 32449075 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer with poor clinical prognosis and limited therapeutic options. There is a significant lack of effective, safe, and targeted therapies for successful treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this report, we describe the anticancer efficacy of two novel compounds, N-methylpiperazinyl diarylidenylpiperidone (L-2663) and its pro-nitroxide conjugate (HO-4589) evaluated on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (AsPC-1) cell line and xenograft tumor in mice. Using flow cytometry, we determined the effect of the L-2663 and HO-4589 drugs in inducing mitochondrial toxicity, triggering cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. EPR spectroscopy was used to quantify cellular uptake, metabolic conversion and stability of HO-4589 in cells and in vivo monitoring of tumor oxygenation as a function of growth. The results established different antiproliferative efficacy of the L-2663 and HO-4589 compounds, with a targeted action on cancer cells while being less toxic to noncancerous cells. The study may have important implications in the future designs of safe and effective chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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18
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Kang N, Cao S, Jiang B, Zhang Q, Donkor PO, Zhu Y, Qiu F, Gao X. Cetuximab enhances oridonin-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104885. [PMID: 32407876 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cetuximab plus oridonin showed a synergistic way to kill laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), as been reported previously. The present work further mechanistically extended action of the synergistic effects of combination treatment. Firstly, two LSCC cells displayed higher sensitivity to oridonin, whereas both low EGFR expression tumor cells and EGFR knockdown LSCC cells were less sensitive to oridonin. Next, cetuximab/oridonin significantly enhanced the mitochondrial apoptosis through NF-κB. Meanwhile, PI3K/Akt and JAK2/STAT3 pathways are associated with the nucleus translocation of NF-κB by combination treatment. Additionally, cetuximab enhanced oridonin-promoted ER stress-related apoptosis. Interestingly, both ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis by combination treatment are abrogated by ROS scavenger. Furthermore, oridonin/cetuximab induced ROS production after 1.5 h, followed by G2/M arrest and apoptosis, indicating that ROS generation might be an early and key event. Taken together, cetuximab enhances oridonin-induced ER stress and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which contributes to the synergistic antitumor effects of cetuximab/oridonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Kang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Benke Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Faculty of Life Sciences and Biological Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Paul Owusu Donkor
- School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, P.O. Box 52, Ghana
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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19
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Ruan T, Liu W, Tao K, Wu C. A Review of Research Progress in Multidrug-Resistance Mechanisms in Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1797-1807. [PMID: 32184615 PMCID: PMC7053652 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s239336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and it is also one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Because of its insidious symptoms and lack of early dictation screening, many cases of gastric cancer are at late stages which make it more complicated to cure. For these advanced-stage gastric cancers, combination therapy of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and target therapy would bring more benefit to the patients. However, the drug-resistance to the chemotherapy restricts its effect and might lead to treatment failure. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms which have been found in recent years of drug resistance in gastric cancer. And we also want to find new approaches to counteract chemotherapy resistance and bring more benefits to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chuanqing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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20
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Tian W, Wang Z, Tang NN, Li JT, Liu Y, Chu WF, Yang BF. Ascorbic Acid Sensitizes Colorectal Carcinoma to the Cytotoxicity of Arsenic Trioxide via Promoting Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Apoptosis and Pyroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:123. [PMID: 32153415 PMCID: PMC7047232 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective therapeutic agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); however, its anti-tumor effect on solid tumors such as colorectal cancer (CRC) is still in debate. Ascorbic acid (AA) also produces a selective cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. Here, we exploit the potential benefit of ATO/AA combination in generating cytotoxicity to CRC cells, which may lay the groundwork for the potential combinational chemotherapy of CRCs. According to the results, we found that ATO and AA effectively inhibited the viability of human CRC cells in a synergistic manner. AA and ATO corporately activated caspase-3 to trigger apoptosis and upregulated the expression of caspase-1 and promoted formation of inflammasomes to induce pyroptosis. Furthermore, the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction was demonstrated as a subcellular mechanism for apoptosis and pyroptosis induced by ATO/AA combination treatment. Our findings suggest that ATO combination with a conventional dosage of AA offers an advantage for killing CRC cells. The synergistic action of ATO/AA combination might be considered a plausible strategy for the treatment of CRC and perhaps other solid tumors as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Nan-Nan Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia-Tong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen-Feng Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bao-Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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21
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Li YL, Weng HC, Hsu JL, Lin SW, Guh JH, Hsu LC. The Combination of MK-2206 and WZB117 Exerts a Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect Against Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1311. [PMID: 31780937 PMCID: PMC6856645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer is usually subjected to hormone therapy, while triple-negative breast cancer is more formidable and poses a therapeutic challenge. Glucose transporters are potential targets for the development of anticancer drugs. In search of anticancer agents whose effect could be enhanced by a GLUT1 inhibitor WZB117, we found that MK-2206, a potent allosteric Akt inhibitor, when combined with WZB117, showed a synergistic effect on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells, including ER(+) MCF-7 cells and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. The combination index values at 50% growth inhibition were 0.45 and 0.21, respectively. Mechanism studies revealed that MK-2206 and WZB117 exert a synergistic cytotoxic effect in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by inhibiting Akt phosphorylation and inducing DNA damage. The combination may also compromise DNA damage repair and ultimately lead to apoptosis. Our findings suggest that the combination of Akt inhibitors and GLUT1 inhibitors could be a novel strategy to combat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Liang Li
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Cheng Weng
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Yao W, Lin Z, Shi P, Chen B, Wang G, Huang J, Sui Y, Liu Q, Li S, Lin X, Liu Q, Yao H. Delicaflavone induces ROS-mediated apoptosis and inhibits PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathways in colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 171:113680. [PMID: 31669234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and tends to have drug resistance. Delicaflavone (DLF), a novel anticancer agent of biflavonoid from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron, showed strong anti-CRC activities, which has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects and possible anti-CRC mechanism of DLF in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that DLF significantly inhibited the cells viability and induced G2/M phase arrest, apoptosis, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), generation of ROS and increase of intracellular Ca2+ in HT29 and HCT116 cells by MTT assay, TEM, flow cytometry and inverted fluorescence microscope. Western blot and qPCR assays results further confirmed DLF induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathways in CRC cells. Meanwhile, DLF significantly suppressed the tumor growth via activation of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 protein and decrease of ki67 and CD34 protein without apparent side effects in vivo. In summary, these results indicated DLF induced ROS-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through ER stress and mitochondrial pathway accompanying with the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling cascade. Thus DLF could be a potential therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; College of Medical Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Peiying Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, Bee Science College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianyong Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuxia Sui
- Department of Pharmacy, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Qicai Liu
- Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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23
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He H, Zhuo R, Dai J, Wang X, Huang X, Wang H, Xu D. Chelerythrine induces apoptosis via ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and STAT3 pathways in human renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:50-60. [PMID: 31568643 PMCID: PMC6933352 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous histological disease and it is one of the most common kidney cancer. The treatment of RCC has been improved for the past few years, but its mortality still remains high. Chelerythrine (CHE) is a natural benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid and a widely used broad‐range protein kinase C inhibitor which has anti‐cancer effect on various types of human cancer cells. However, its effect on RCC has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the effect and mechanism of CHE on RCC cells. Our study showed that CHE induced colony formation inhibition and G2/M cell cycle arrest in a dose‐dependent manner in RCC cells. In addition, CHE increased cellular ROS level, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inactivating STAT3 activities and inducing apoptosis in RCC cells which were suppressed by NAC, a special ROS inhibitor. We further found that both knockdown of ATF4 protein and overexpression of STAT3 protein could reduce CHE‐induced apoptosis in Caki cells. These results demonstrated that the apoptosis induced by CHE was mediated by ROS‐caused ER stress and STAT3 inactivation. Collectively, our studies provided support for CHE as a potential new therapeutic agent for the management of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao He
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haofei Wang
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danfeng Xu
- Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Wang J, Zou Q, Suo Y, Tan X, Yuan T, Liu Z, Liu X. Lycopene ameliorates systemic inflammation-induced synaptic dysfunction via improving insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver-brain axis. Food Funct 2019; 10:2125-2137. [PMID: 30924473 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is an important determinant of synaptic dysfunction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Lycopene (LYC), a major carotenoid present in tomato, is regarded as a nutraceutical that has significant antioxidant and anti-obesity bioactivities. In the current study, we randomly divided 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice into 3 groups: the control, LPS and LPS + LYC groups (LYC, 0.03% w/w, mixed with normal chow) for 5 weeks, and then mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (0.25 mg kg-1) for 9 days. Our results demonstrated that LYC supplementation effectively attenuated LPS-elicited neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunction through increasing the expressions of neurotrophic factors and the synaptic proteins SNAP-25 and PSD-95. LYC ameliorated LPS-induced insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in the mouse brain and liver. LYC alleviated the neuroinflammation and hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, LYC decreased the circulating levels of insulin and proinflammatory mediators LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, these results indicated that the supplementation of LYC might be a nutritional preventive strategy in systemic inflammation-induced synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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25
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Chen W, Lian W, Yuan Y, Li M. The synergistic effects of oxaliplatin and piperlongumine on colorectal cancer are mediated by oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:600. [PMID: 31395855 PMCID: PMC6687721 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is recommended as the first-line therapeutic regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, long-term and repeated oxaliplatin therapy leads to drug resistance and severe adverse events, which hamper its clinical application. Thus, chemosensitizers are urgently required for overcoming oxaliplatin resistance and toxicity. Here, the anticancer effects of oxaliplatin combined with piperlongumine (PL), a molecule promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, in colorectal cancer, were assessed. We demonstrated that oxaliplatin elevated cellular ROS amounts and showed synergistic anticancer effects with PL in colorectal cancer cells. These anticancer effects were mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress apoptotic-associated networks. Meanwhile, blockage of ROS production prevented apoptosis and fully reversed mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress associated with the oxaliplatin/PL combination. Moreover, xenograft assays in mouse models highly corroborated in vitro data. In conclusion, this study provides a novel combination therapy for colorectal cancer, and reveals that manipulating ROS production might constitute an effective tool for developing novel treatments in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiQian Chen
- Department of Intervention and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - WeiShuai Lian
- Department of Intervention and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YiFeng Yuan
- Department of Intervention and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - MaoQuan Li
- Department of Intervention and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Wang L, Liu Y, Zhao TL, Li ZZ, He JY, Zhang BJ, Du HZ, Jiang JW, Yuan ST, Sun L. Topotecan induces apoptosis via ASCT2 mediated oxidative stress in gastric cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 57:117-128. [PMID: 30668314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topotecan (TPT) is a Topo I inhibitor and shows obvious anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer. Cancer cells reprogram their metabolic pathways to increase nutrients uptake, which has already been a hallmark of cancer. But the effect of TPT on metabolism in gastric cancer remains unknown. PURPOSE To investigate the effect of TPT on metabolism in gastric cancer. METHODS ATP production was measured by ATP Assay kit. Glucose and glutamine uptake were measured by Glucose (HK) Assay Kit and Glutamine/Glutamate Determination Kit respectively. To detect glutathione (GSH) concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, GSH and GSSG Assay Kit and ROS Assay Kit were adopted. Apoptosis rates, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined by flow cytometry and protein levels were analyzed by immumohistochemical staining and western blotting. RESULTS TPT increased ATP production. TPT promoted glucose uptake possibly via up-regulation of hexokinase 2 (HK2) or glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression, while decreased glutamine uptake by down-regulation of ASCT2 expression. ASCT2 inhibitor GPNA and ASCT2 knockdown significantly suppressed the growth of gastric cancer cells. Inhibition of ASCT2 reduced glutamine uptake which led to decreased production of GSH and increased ROS level. ASCT2 knockdown induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and weakened anti-cancer effect of TPT. CONCLUSION TPT inhibits glutamine uptake via down-regulation of ASCT2 which causes oxidative stress and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, TPT inhibits proliferation partially via ASCT2. These observations reveal a previously undescribed mechanism of ASCT2 regulated gastric cancer proliferation and demonstrate ASCT2 is a potential anti-cancer target of TPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-Li Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Yong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Ben-Jia Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Zhi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang jia hu Road West, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Wei Jiang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China.
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27
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Endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis control and gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:263-271. [PMID: 30776479 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the primary organelle responsible for the synthesis, modification, folding and secretion of proteins, especially in specialized secretory cells. It also contributes to the maintenance of cellular functions, such as Ca2+ storage, lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and organelle biogenesis. Cellular stress conditions, such as glucose deprivation, hypoxia and disturbance of Ca2+ homeostasis, may increase the risk of protein misfolding and perturb proteostasis. This activates ER stress and triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to either the restoration of homeostasis or cell death. ER stress and UPR have been shown to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis, progression and treatment response of various cancers. In gastric cancer (GC), one of the most aggressive cancer types, critical functions of ER stress signaling have also started to emerge. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge linking ER stress and UPR to GC; we also discuss the possible nodes of therapeutic intervention and propose directions of future research.
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28
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Li W, He Y, Zhang R, Zheng G, Zhou D. The curcumin analog EF24 is a novel senolytic agent. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:771-782. [PMID: 30694217 PMCID: PMC6366974 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging because senescent cells (SCs) accumulate with aging and play a causative role in age-related diseases. Selectively eliminating SCs has been emerging as a new strategy for treating age-related diseases and extending healthspan. Curcumin and its analogs have some anti-aging activities. However, the mechanisms of their action have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated whether various curcumin analogs can function as a senolytic agent. The results from our studies show that among these curcumin analogs EF24 is the most potent and broad-spectrum senolytic agent. Mechanistically, EF24 selectively kills SCs by inducing SC apoptosis in a reactive oxygen species (ROS) production independent manner but associated with an increase in the proteasome degradation of the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein family proteins known to play an important role in protecting SCs from apoptosis. In addition, EF24 can synergistically kill SCs with ABT-263, a Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl inhibitor and a known senolytic agent. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which curcumin analogs function as an anti-aging agent and suggest that the curcumin analog EF24 has the potential to be used as a novel senolytic agent for the treatment of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yonghan He
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rongping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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29
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He Y, Li W, Hu G, Sun H, Kong Q. Bioactivities of EF24, a Novel Curcumin Analog: A Review. Front Oncol 2018; 8:614. [PMID: 30619754 PMCID: PMC6297553 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is an attractive agent due to its multiple bioactivities. However, the low oral bioavailability and efficacy profile hinders its clinical application. To improve the bioavailability, many analogs of curcumin have been developed, among which EF24 is an excellent representative. EF24 has enhanced bioavailability over curcumin and shows more potent bioactivity, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial. EF24 inhibits tumor growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, mainly through its inhibitory effect on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and by regulating key genes through microRNA (miRNA) or the proteosomal pathway. Based on the current structure, more potent EF24 analogs have been designed and synthesized. However, some roles of EF24 remain unclear, such as whether it induces or inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and whether it stimulates or inhibits the mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) pathway. This review summarizes the known biological and pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of EF24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghan He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guangrong Hu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingpeng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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30
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Monroe JD, Millay MH, Patty BG, Smith ME. The curcuminoid, EF-24, reduces cisplatin-mediated reactive oxygen species in zebrafish inner ear auditory and vestibular tissues. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 57:152-156. [PMID: 30243600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug that can damage auditory and vestibular tissue and cause hearing and balance loss through the intracellular release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Curcumin has anticancer efficacy and can also counteract cisplatin's damaging effect against sensory tissue by scavenging intracellular ROS, but curcumin's applicability is limited due to its low bioavailability. EF-24 is a synthetic curcumin analog that is more bioavailable than curcumin and can target cancer, but its effects against cisplatin-mediated ROS in auditory and vestibular tissue is currently unknown. In this study, we employed a novel zebrafish inner ear tissue culture system to determine if EF-24 counteracted cisplatin-mediated ROS release in two sensory endorgans, the saccule and the utricle. The zebrafish saccule is associated with auditory function and the utricle with vestibular function. Trimmed endorgans were placed in tissue culture media with a fluorescent reactive oxygen species indicator dye, and intracellular ROS release was measured using a spectrophotometer. We found that cisplatin treatment significantly increased ROS compared to controls, but that EF-24 treatment did not alter or even decreased ROS. Importantly, when equimolar cisplatin and EF-24 treatments are combined, ROS did not increase compared to controls. This suggests that EF-24 may be able to prevent intracellular ROS caused by cisplatin treatment in inner ear tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry D Monroe
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, #11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1080, United States
| | - Matthew H Millay
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, #11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1080, United States
| | - Blaine G Patty
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, #11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1080, United States
| | - Michael E Smith
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, #11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1080, United States.
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31
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Wang JR, Shen GN, Luo YH, Piao XJ, Shen M, Liu C, Wang Y, Meng LQ, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li JQ, Xu WT, Liu Y, Sun HN, Han YH, Jin MH, Cao LK, Jin CH. The compound 2-(naphthalene-2-thio)-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone induces apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase, protein kinase B, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling in human gastric cancer cells. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:295-306. [PMID: 30222185 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery It is reported that 1,4-naphthoquinones and their derivatives have potent antitumor activity in various cancers, although their clinical application is limited by observed side effects. To improve the therapeutic efficacy of naphthoquinones in the treatment of cancer and to reduce side effects, we synthesized a novel naphthoquinone derivative, 2-(naphthalene-2-thio)-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (NTDMNQ). In this study, we explored the effects of NTDMNQ on apoptosis in gastric cancer cells with a focus on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Our results demonstrated that NTDMNQ exhibited the cytotoxic effects on gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. NTDMNQ significantly induced mitochondrial-related apoptosis in AGS cells and increased the accumulation of ROS. However, pre-treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, inhibited the NTDMNQ-induced apoptosis. In addition, NTDMNQ increased the phosphorylation of p38 kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase B (Akt), and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3); these effects were blocked by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor and NAC. Taken together, the present findings indicate that NTDMNQ-induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis via ROS-mediated regulation of the MAPK, Akt, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Therefore, NTDMNQ may be a potential treatment for gastric cancer as well as other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Gui-Nan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ying-Hua Luo
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xian-Ji Piao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Meng Shen
- College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ling-Qi Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Wan-Ting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Long-Kui Cao
- College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.,College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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32
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Jiang B, Guan Y, Shen HJ, Zhang LH, Jiang JX, Dong XW, Shen HH, Xie QM. Akt/PKB signaling regulates cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Lung Cancer 2018; 122:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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33
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Bin Y, Jingbo W, Hong Z, Guoqing T, Yuqin L. Effect of icariin on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons cultured in high glucose. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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34
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Bertazza L, Sensi F, Cavedon E, Watutantrige-Fernando S, Censi S, Manso J, Vianello F, Casal Ide E, Iacobone M, Pezzani R, Mian C, Barollo S. EF24 (a Curcumin Analog) and ZSTK474 Emphasize the Effect of Cabozantinib in Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2348-2360. [PMID: 29688429 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
XL184 is a small-molecule kinase inhibitor recently included in first-line systemic therapy for patients with advanced, progressive medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). EF24 is a curcumin analog with a high bioavailability, and ZSTK474 is an inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. We investigated the effect of these compounds, alone and in combination, in two rearranged during transfection (RET)-mutated TT and MZ-CRC-1 MTC cell lines and in six mostly RET wild-type human MTC primary cultures. Low IC50 values demonstrated the efficacy of the drugs, whereas the combination index revealed an important synergistic effect of combinations of XL184 + ZSTK474 and XL184 + EF24. Cell-cycle changes and the induction of apoptosis or necrosis were modulated by single compounds or combinations thereof. Both XL184 and EF24, alone or combined, were effective in reducing calcitonin secretion. Western blot and in-cell Western analysis showed that the compounds prompted a decrease in general reactivity to phosphorylated antibodies. Our data confirm XL184 alone as the reference drug for RET-mutated MTC, but we also demonstrated that EF24 alone is effective in inhibiting MTC cell viability. We tested the combinations XL184 + ZSTK474 and XL184 + EF24 too, finding that they act synergistically, irrespective of RET mutation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Bertazza
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cavedon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Istituto Oncologico Veneto-Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Watutantrige-Fernando
- Department of Radiotherapy, Istituto Oncologico Veneto-Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padova, Italy
| | - Simona Censi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Jacopo Manso
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Vianello
- Department of Radiotherapy, Istituto Oncologico Veneto-Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padova, Italy
| | - Eric Casal Ide
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iacobone
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Susi Barollo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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35
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Ji J, Chen W, Lian W, Chen R, Yang J, Zhang Q, Weng Q, Khan Z, Hu J, Chen X, Zou P, Chen X, Liang G. (S)-crizotinib reduces gastric cancer growth through oxidative DNA damage and triggers pro-survival akt signal. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:660. [PMID: 29855474 PMCID: PMC5981313 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide, has poor prognosis and frequent recurrence. There is a great need to identify effective therapy for GC. Crizotinib is a multi-targeted, clinically available oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for lung cancer, but its use for the highly heterogeneous disease of GC is unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer mechanisms of the (S)-crizotinib in inhibiting GC growth. Human GC cell lines (SGC-7901 and BGC-823) and the (S)-crizotinib-resistant BGC-823/R were cultured for determining the effects of (S)-crizotinib on cell viability, apoptosis, oxidant generation, and cell cycle progression. Involvement of ROS, Akt signaling, MTH1, and DNA damage was tested with respective pharmacological blockade. The in vivo anti-tumor effects of (S)-crizotinib were determined using xenograft tumor mice. Results indicated that (S)-crizotinib decreased GC cell viability, induced growth arrest and apoptosis, and increased levels of γH2AX and Ser1981-phosphorylated ATM, which were inhibited by NAC. The anti-cancer mechanism of (S)-crizotinib was independent of MTH1. Moreover, ATM-activated Akt, a pro-survival signal, whose inhibition further enhanced (S)-crizotinib-induced inhibition of GC cell growth and tumor growth in xenograft mice, and re-sensitized resistant GC cells to (S)-crizotinib. (S)-crizotinib reduced GC cell and tumor growth through oxidative DNA damage mechanism and triggered pro-survival Akt signaling. We conclude that inclusion of Akt inhibition (to block the survival signaling) with (S)-crizotinib may provide an effective and novel combination therapy for GC in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansong Ji
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Weishuai Lian
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jinqing Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Zia Khan
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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36
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Dai X, Guo G, Zou P, Cui R, Chen W, Chen X, Yin C, He W, Vinothkumar R, Yang F, Zhang X, Liang G. (S)-crizotinib induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating ROS independent of MTH1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:120. [PMID: 28882182 PMCID: PMC5590185 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80-85% of all lung cancers and is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Targeted therapy has produced unprecedented outcomes in patients with NSCLC as a number of oncogenic drivers have been found. Crizotinib, a selective small-molecule inhibitor, has been widely used for the treatment of NSCLC patients with ALK gene rearrangements. A recent study has also shown that (S)-enantiomer of crizotinib exhibits anticancer activity by targeting the protein mutT homologue (MTH1). Since this discovery, contradictory studies have cast a doubt on MTH1 as a therapeutic target of (S)-crizotinib. METHODS NCI-H460, H1975, and A549 cells and immunodeficient mice were chosen as a model to study the (S)-crizotinib treatment. The changes induced by (S)-crizotinib treatment in cell viability, apoptosis as well as ROS, and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in the cells were analyzed by MTT assay, FACSCalibur, Western blotting, ROS imaging and electron microscopy. RESULTS Here, we report that MTH1 does not affect survival of NSCLC cells. We found that (S)-crizotinib induces lethal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) response in cultured NSCLC cells by increasing intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Blockage of ROS production markedly reversed (S)-crizotinib-induced ER stress and cell apoptosis, independent of MTH1. We confirmed these findings in NSCLC xenograft studies and showed that (S)-crizotinib-induced ER stress and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a novel antitumor mechanism of (S)-crizotinib in NSCLC which involves activation of ROS-dependent ER stress apoptotic pathway and is independent of MTH1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Dai
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Guilong Guo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ri Cui
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Changtian Yin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wei He
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Rajamanickam Vinothkumar
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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37
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Raitz I, de Souza Filho RY, de Andrade LP, Correa JR, Neto BAD, Pilli RA. Preferential Mitochondrial Localization of a Goniothalamin Fluorescent Derivative. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3774-3784. [PMID: 30023703 PMCID: PMC6044949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-containing goniothalamin derivative, BTD-GTN (1), has been synthesized and successfully tested in bioimaging experiments in live cells. The fluorescent compound proved to be capable of transposing the cell membranes, indicating its subcellular localization. The use of the benzothiadiazole core as the fluorophore revealed the favored localization of the GTN analogue 1 in the cytoplasm of live cells, preferentially in the mitochondria, in line with previous results that indicated the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential upon treatment with GTN. The results described herein highlight the potential of the BTD-GTN hybrid structures for future studies regarding the cellular mechanism of action of this family of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Raitz
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino
Vaz, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Y. de Souza Filho
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70904-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Lorena P. de Andrade
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70904-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jose R. Correa
- Laboratory
of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Brenno A. D. Neto
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70904-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo A. Pilli
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino
Vaz, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity
and Comorbidities Research Center, University
of Campinas, Cidade Universitária
Zeferino Vaz, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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38
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Chen X, Dai X, Zou P, Chen W, Rajamanickam V, Feng C, Zhuge W, Qiu C, Ye Q, Zhang X, Liang G. Curcuminoid EF24 enhances the anti-tumour activity of Akt inhibitor MK-2206 through ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in gastric cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1131-1146. [PMID: 28255993 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Akt is an anti-apoptotic kinase that plays a dynamic role in cell survival and is implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. MK-2206, the first allosteric inhibitor of Akt, is in clinical trials for a number of cancers. Although preclinical studies showed promise, clinical trials reported it had no effect when given alone at tolerated doses. The aim of our study was to delineate the effects of MK-2206 on gastric cancer cells and explore the ability of combination treatments to enhance the anti-tumour activity of MK-2206. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH SGC-7901, BGC-823 cells and immunodeficient mice were chosen as a model to study the treatment effects. Changes in cell viability, apoptosis and ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cells were analysed by MTT assays, ROS imaging and FACSCalibur, electron microscopy, JC-1 staining and western blotting. KEY RESULTS MK-2206 induced apoptotic cell death through the generation of ROS. We utilized ROS production to target gastric cancer cells by combining MK-2206 and an ROS inducer EF24. Our in vitro and in vivo xenograft studies showed that combined treatment with MK-2206 and EF24 synergistically induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells and caused cell cycle arrest. These activities were mediated through ROS generation and the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Targeting ROS generation by using a combination of an Akt inhibitor and EF24 could have potential as a therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xuanxuan Dai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Vinothkumar Rajamanickam
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Weishan Zhuge
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Chenyu Qiu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
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