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Hawly J, Murcar MG, Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Issa ME. Glioblastoma stem cell metabolism and immunity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:1015-1035. [PMID: 38530545 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite enormous efforts being invested in the development of novel therapies for brain malignancies, there remains a dire need for effective treatments, particularly for pediatric glioblastomas. Their poor prognosis has been attributed to the fact that conventional therapies target tumoral cells, but not glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are characterized by self-renewal, tumorigenicity, poor differentiation, and resistance to therapy. These characteristics represent the fundamental tools needed to recapitulate the tumor and result in a relapse. The mechanisms by which GSCs alter metabolic cues and escape elimination by immune cells are discussed in this article, along with potential strategies to harness effector immune cells against GSCs. As cellular immunotherapy is making significant advances in a variety of cancers, leveraging this underexplored reservoir may result in significant improvements in the treatment options for brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hawly
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Dekouaneh, Lebanon
| | - Micaela G Murcar
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Mark E Issa
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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2
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Wang W, Zhang A, Li Y, Wang D, Chen L, Li Q, Chen J, Li H, Sun S, Pan M, Zhou W, Wu H. Clinical, pathological, and molecular features of central nervous system tumors with BCOR internal tandem duplication. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155367. [PMID: 38797130 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system tumor with BCOR internal tandem duplication (CNS tumor with BCOR-ITD) constitutes a molecularly distinct entity, characterized by internal tandem duplication within exon 15 of the BCOR transcriptional co-repressor gene (BCOR-ITD). The current study aimed to elucidate the clinical, pathological, and molecular attributes of CNS tumors with BCOR-ITD and explore their putative cellular origin. This study cohort comprised four pediatric cases, aged 23 months to 13 years at initial presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed large, well-circumscribed intra-CNS masses localized heterogeneously throughout the CNS. Microscopically, tumors were composed of spindle to ovoid cells, exhibiting perivascular pseudorosettes and palisading necrosis, but lacking microvascular proliferation. Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse tumor cell expression of BCOR, CD56, CD99, vimentin, and the stem cell markers PAX6, SOX2, CD133 and Nestin, alongside focal positivity for Olig-2, S100, SOX10, Syn and NeuN. Molecularly, all cases harbored BCOR-ITDs ranging from 87 to 119 base pairs in length, including one case with two distinct ITDs. Notably, the ITDs were interrupted by unique 1-3 bp insertions in all cases. In summary, CNS tumors with BCOR-ITD exhibit characteristic clinical, pathological, and molecular features detectable through BCOR immunohistochemistry and confirmatory molecular analyses. Their expression of stem cell markers raises the possibility of an origin from neuroepithelial stem cells rather than representing true embryonal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anli Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daizhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sibai Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Minhong Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenchao Zhou
- Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Haibo Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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3
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Tong Z, Yin Z. Distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin + cells. J Adv Res 2024; 61:47-63. [PMID: 37648021 PMCID: PMC11258671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin is an intermediate filament first reported in neuroepithelial stem cells. Nestin expression could be found in a variety of tissues throughout all systems of the body, especially during tissue development and tissue regeneration processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to summarize and discuss current studies on the distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin+ cells in different systems of the body, to discuss the feasibility ofusing nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and better understand the potential roles of nestin+ cells in tissue development, regeneration and pathological processes. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the potential of nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and as a key factor in tissue development and tissue regeneration. The article discussed the current findings, limitations, and potential clinical implications or applications of nestin+ cells. Additionally, it included the relationship of nestin+ cells to other cell populations. We propose potential future research directions to encourage further investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Tong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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4
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Erden Tayhan S. A study with cancer stem cells and three-dimensional tumoroids: investigation of the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin in breast cancer. Med Oncol 2024; 41:185. [PMID: 38910198 PMCID: PMC11194218 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was in vitro determination of the combined effects of doxorubucin and 5-fluorouracil by 2D and 3D culture conditions on breast cancer using MCF-7 cell line and CSCs isolated from these cells. In the first stage of this study, CSC isolation and their characterization were performed. In the next experimental period, the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fu and Dox on the MCF-7 and CSCs were demonstrated on 2D. To evaluate the synergistic/antagonistic effects of these chemotherapeutics, the CI was calculated. Additionally, 3D tumor spheroids were used as another model. In the last step, qRT-PCR analysis was performed to examine apoptosis-related gene expressions. In this study, it was clearly seen that CSCs obtained from the breast cancer cell line express stemness factors. In addition, the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fu and Dox on breast cancer and associated CSCs were very clear. Their synergistic effects were determined by CI values. Moreover, it was seen that combined theraphy changed the expression levels of genes related to apoptosis. Additionally, it was molecularly demonstrated that 3D tumoroids were more resistant than the others. In conclusion, the polychemotherapeutic approach was much more effective than the monotherapy. The fact that this effect was seen not only in breast cancer cells, but also in breast cancer stem cells. In addition, it was very promising that the results obtained were similar in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional tumoroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Erden Tayhan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
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5
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Battistella ME, Freire NH, Toson B, Dalmolin M, Fernandes MAC, Tassinari ID, Jaeger M, Brunetto AT, Brunetto AL, Gregianin L, de Farias CB, Roesler R. Stemness and Cell Cycle Regulators and Their Modulation by Retinoic Acid in Ewing Sarcoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3990-4003. [PMID: 38785514 PMCID: PMC11119684 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) regulates stemness and differentiation in human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a pediatric tumor that may arise from the abnormal development of ESCs. Here we show that RA impairs the viability of SK-ES-1 ES cells and affects the cell cycle. Cells treated with RA showed increased levels of p21 and its encoding gene, CDKN1A. RA reduced mRNA and protein levels of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) as well as mRNA levels of beta III Tubulin (TUBB3), whereas the levels of CD99 increased. Exposure to RA reduced the capability of SK-ES-1 to form tumorspheres with high expression of SOX2 and Nestin. Gene expression of CD99 and CDKN1A was reduced in ES tumors compared to non-tumoral tissue, whereas transcript levels of SOX2 were significantly higher in tumors. For NES and TUBB3, differences between tumors and control tissue did not reach statistical significance. Low expression of CD99 and NES, and high expression of SOX2, were significantly associated with a poorer patient prognosis indicated by shorter overall survival (OS). Our results indicate that RA may display rather complex modulatory effects on multiple target genes associated with the maintenance of stem cell's features versus their differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and patient prognosis in ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda Battistella
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Natália Hogetop Freire
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Bruno Toson
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dalmolin
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- InovAI Lab, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A. C. Fernandes
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- InovAI Lab, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Department of Computer Engineering and Automation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Isadora D. Tassinari
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Metabolism (NeuroMet), Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Mariane Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - André T. Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Algemir L. Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Lauro Gregianin
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Pediatric Oncology Service, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
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Yoshida K, Chambers JK, Uchida K. The relationships of platelet-derived growth factor, microvascular proliferation, and tumor cell proliferation in canine high-grade oligodendrogliomas: Immunohistochemistry of 45 tumors and an AFOB-01 xenograft mouse model. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241241793. [PMID: 38577818 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241241793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
High-grade oligodendroglioma (HGOG) is the most common type of glioma in dogs and expresses platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α). Microvascular proliferation is often observed in HGOG. Therefore, the present study investigated the functional relationships between PDGFR-α, microvascular proliferation, and tumor cell proliferation in canine HGOG. The expression of PDGFR-α and PDGF-subunit A (PDGF-A) in tumor cells, as well as endothelial cells and pericytes of tumor-associated microvascular proliferations, in 45 canine HGOGs were examined immunohistochemically. Microvascular proliferation was observed in 24/45 cases (53%). PDGFR-α expression in tumor cells and microvascular proliferations was observed in 45/45 (100%) and 2/24 cases (8%), respectively. Furthermore, PDGF-A expression in tumor cells and microvascular proliferations was detected in 13/45 (29%) and 24/24 cases (100%), respectively. In vitro, stimulation of the canine HGOG cell line AOFB-01 with PDGF-A showed that the doubling time of AOFB-01 cells was significantly shorter with PDGF-A than without PDGF-A. Crenolanib (a PDGFR inhibitor) inhibited AOFB-01 cell proliferation. In vivo, the AOFB-01 xenograft mouse model was treated with crenolanib. Tumor xenografts were smaller in crenolanib-treated mice than in untreated control mice. PDGFR-α expression in tumor cells and PDGF-A expression in microvascular proliferations and tumor cells suggest autocrine and paracrine effects of PDGF-A in canine HGOG. The results of in vitro assays indicate that canine HGOG expresses functional PDGFR-α, which responds to PDGF-A. Therefore, PDGF-A produced by microvascular proliferations and tumor cells may promote the proliferation of PDGFR-α-expressing tumor cells in canine HGOG. PDGFR-α signaling has potential as a therapeutic target.
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Gholamzad A, Khakpour N, Khosroshahi EM, Asadi S, Koohpar ZK, Matinahmadi A, Jebali A, Rashidi M, Hashemi M, Sadi FH, Gholamzad M. Cancer stem cells: The important role of CD markers, Signaling pathways, and MicroRNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155227. [PMID: 38490099 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
For the first time, a subset of small cancer cells identified in acute myeloid leukemia has been termed Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). These cells are notorious for their robust proliferation, self-renewal abilities, significant tumor-forming potential, spread, and resistance to treatments. CSCs are a global concern, as it found in numerous types of cancer, posing a real-world challenge today. Our review encompasses research on key CSC markers, signaling pathways, and MicroRNA in three types of cancer: breast, colon, and liver. These factors play a critical role in either promoting or inhibiting cancer cell growth. The reviewed studies have shown that as cells undergo malignant transformation, there can be an increase or decrease in the expression of different Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers on their surface. Furthermore, alterations in essential signaling pathways, such as Wnt and Notch1, may impact CSC proliferation, survival, and movement, while also providing potential targets for cancer therapies. Additionally, some research has focused on MicroRNAs due to their dual role as potential therapeutic biomarkers and their ability to enhance CSCs' response to anti-cancer drugs. MicroRNAs also regulate a wide array of cellular processes, including the self-renewal and pluripotency of CSCs, and influence gene transcription. Thus, these studies indicate that MicroRNAs play a significant role in the malignancy of various tumors. Although the gathered information suggests that specific CSC markers, signaling pathways, and MicroRNAs are influential in determining the destiny of cancer cells and could be advantageous for therapeutic strategies, their precise roles and impacts remain incompletely defined, necessitating further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Gholamzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Khakpour
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences,Tonekabon Branch,Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Arash Matinahmadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus,Torun,Poland
| | - Ali Jebali
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Deprtment of Medical Nanotechnology,Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology,Tehran Medical Sciences,Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mehrdad Gholamzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Luu N, Zhang S, Lam RHW, Chen W. Mechanical Constraints in Tumor Guide Emergent Spatial Patterns of Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells. MECHANOBIOLOGY IN MEDICINE 2024; 2:100027. [PMID: 38770108 PMCID: PMC11105673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbm.2023.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical constraints in the overcrowding glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment have been implicated in the regulation of tumor heterogeneity and disease progression. Especially, such mechanical cues can alter cellular DNA transcription and give rise to a subpopulation of tumor cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). These CSCs with stem-like properties are critical drivers of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Yet, the biophysical and molecular machinery underlying the emergence of CSCs in tumor remained unexplored. This work employed a two-dimensional micropatterned multicellular model to examine the impact of mechanical constraints arisen from geometric confinement on the emergence and spatial patterning of CSCs in GBM tumor. Our study identified distinct spatial distributions of GBM CSCs in different geometric patterns, where CSCs mostly emerged in the peripheral regions. The spatial pattern of CSCs was found to correspond to the gradients of mechanical stresses resulted from the interplay between the cell-ECM and cell-cell interactions within the confined environment. Further mechanistic study highlighted a Piezo1-RhoA-focal adhesion signaling axis in regulating GBM cell mechanosensing and the subsequent CSC phenotypic transformation. These findings provide new insights into the biophysical origin of the unique spatial pattern of CSCs in GBM tumor and offer potential avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Luu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Shuhao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Raymond H. W. Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
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Formanski JP, Ngo HD, Grunwald V, Pöhlking C, Jonas JS, Wohlers D, Schwalbe B, Schreiber M. Transduction Efficiency of Zika Virus E Protein Pseudotyped HIV-1 gfp and Its Oncolytic Activity Tested in Primary Glioblastoma Cell Cultures. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:814. [PMID: 38398205 PMCID: PMC10887055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of new tools against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive and common cancer originating in the brain, remains of utmost importance. Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are among the tools of future concepts, and pseudotyping offers the possibility of tailoring LVs to efficiently transduce and inactivate GBM tumor cells. Zika virus (ZIKV) has a specificity for GBM cells, leaving healthy brain cells unharmed, which makes it a prime candidate for the development of LVs with a ZIKV coat. Here, primary GBM cell cultures were transduced with different LVs encased with ZIKV envelope variants. LVs were generated by using the pNLgfpAM plasmid, which produces the lentiviral, HIV-1-based, core particle with GFP (green fluorescent protein) as a reporter (HIVgfp). Using five different GBM primary cell cultures and three laboratory-adapted GBM cell lines, we showed that ZIKV/HIVgfp achieved a 4-6 times higher transduction efficiency compared to the commonly used VSV/HIVgfp. Transduced GBM cell cultures were monitored over a period of 9 days to identify GFP+ cells to study the oncolytic effect due to ZIKV/HIVgfp entry. Tests of GBM tumor specificity by transduction of GBM tumor and normal brain cells showed a high specificity for GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Patrick Formanski
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Hai Dang Ngo
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Vivien Grunwald
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Celine Pöhlking
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Jana Sue Jonas
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Dominik Wohlers
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
| | - Birco Schwalbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asklepios Klinik Nord, Standort Heidberg, 22417 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Michael Schreiber
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany (H.D.N.); (V.G.); (C.P.); (J.S.J.); (D.W.)
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10
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Sojka C, Sloan SA. Gliomas: a reflection of temporal gliogenic principles. Commun Biol 2024; 7:156. [PMID: 38321118 PMCID: PMC10847444 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The hijacking of early developmental programs is a canonical feature of gliomas where neoplastic cells resemble neurodevelopmental lineages and possess mechanisms of stem cell resilience. Given these parallels, uncovering how and when in developmental time gliomagenesis intersects with normal trajectories can greatly inform our understanding of tumor biology. Here, we review how elapsing time impacts the developmental principles of astrocyte (AS) and oligodendrocyte (OL) lineages, and how these same temporal programs are replicated, distorted, or circumvented in pathological settings such as gliomas. Additionally, we discuss how normal gliogenic processes can inform our understanding of the temporal progression of gliomagenesis, including when in developmental time gliomas originate, thrive, and can be pushed towards upon therapeutic coercion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Sojka
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven A Sloan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Emory Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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11
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Philipp LM, Yesilyurt UU, Surrow A, Künstner A, Mehdorn AS, Hauser C, Gundlach JP, Will O, Hoffmann P, Stahmer L, Franzenburg S, Knaack H, Schumacher U, Busch H, Sebens S. Epithelial and Mesenchymal-like Pancreatic Cancer Cells Exhibit Different Stem Cell Phenotypes Associated with Different Metastatic Propensities. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:686. [PMID: 38398077 PMCID: PMC10886860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is mostly diagnosed at advanced or even metastasized stages, limiting the prognoses of patients. Metastasis requires high tumor cell plasticity, implying phenotypic switching in response to changing environments. Here, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), being associated with an increase in cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, and its reversion are important. Since it is poorly understood whether different CSC phenotypes exist along the EMT axis and how these impact malignancy-associated properties, we aimed to characterize CSC populations of epithelial and mesenchymal-like PDAC cells. Single-cell cloning revealed CSC (Holoclone) and non-CSC (Paraclone) clones from the PDAC cell lines Panc1 and Panc89. The Panc1 Holoclone cells showed a mesenchymal-like phenotype, dominated by a high expression of the stemness marker Nestin, while the Panc89 Holoclone cells exhibited a SOX2-dominated epithelial phenotype. The Panc89 Holoclone cells showed enhanced cell growth and a self-renewal capacity but slow cluster-like invasion. Contrarily, the Panc1 Holoclone cells showed slower cell growth and self-renewal ability but were highly invasive. Moreover, cell variants differentially responded to chemotherapy. In vivo, the Panc1 and Panc89 cell variants significantly differed regarding the number and size of metastases, as well as organ manifestation, leading to different survival outcomes. Overall, these data support the existence of different CSC phenotypes along the EMT axis in PDAC, manifesting different metastatic propensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Philipp
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Umut-Ulas Yesilyurt
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Surrow
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Mehdorn
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hauser
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Paul Gundlach
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Olga Will
- Molecular Imaging North Competence Center, Clinic of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Kiel University, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrick Hoffmann
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lea Stahmer
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrike Knaack
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
- Academic Affairs Office, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
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12
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Hasan A, Khan NA, Uddin S, Khan AQ, Steinhoff M. Deregulated transcription factors in the emerging cancer hallmarks. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:31-50. [PMID: 38123029 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a multifaceted process that entails several stages and demands the persistent expression or activation of transcription factors (TFs) to facilitate growth and survival. TFs are a cluster of proteins with DNA-binding domains that attach to promoter or enhancer DNA strands to start the transcription of genes by collaborating with RNA polymerase and other supporting proteins. They are generally acknowledged as the major regulatory molecules that coordinate biological homeostasis and the appropriate functioning of cellular components, subsequently contributing to human physiology. TFs proteins are crucial for controlling transcription during the embryonic stage and development, and the stability of different cell types depends on how they function in different cell types. The development and progression of cancer cells and tumors might be triggered by any anomaly in transcription factor function. It has long been acknowledged that cancer development is accompanied by the dysregulated activity of TF alterations which might result in faulty gene expression. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated transcription factors play a major role in developing various human malignancies by altering and rewiring metabolic processes, modifying the immune response, and triggering oncogenic signaling cascades. This review emphasizes the interplay between TFs involved in metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, evading immune attacks, cellular senescence, and the maintenance of cancer stemness in cancerous cells. The insights presented herein will facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic modalities to tackle the dysregulated transcription factors underlying cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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13
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Murugesan A, Bharath C, Balakrishnan S, Kandasamy S, Priyadharshini I, Ravi S. Expression of HIF-1α and Nestin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its association with vasculogenic mimicry. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:176-180. [PMID: 38554317 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1834_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate and correlate the expression of HIF1-α and Nestin in tumor center and periphery of nonmetastatic, and recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its association with vasculogenic mimicry. MATERIALS AND METHODS About 60 histopathological proven cases of OSCC with proper tumor center and periphery were collected. Among them 25 are nonmetastatic, 25 metastatic, and 10 recurrent cases of OSCC. Immunohistochemical analysis of HIF, Nestin, and CD31/PAS (periodic acid Schiff) was done. RESULTS Based on the extent of tumor cells stained, staining intensity and index score, expression of both HIF and Nestin was highly significant in periphery of metastatic OSCC with a P value of 0.003* and 0.001*. The total number of vessels expressed in nonmetastatic, metastatic, and recurrent OSCC was not significant but the overall expression of CD31/PAS was significant in the periphery of the tumor with a P value of 0.024*. Correlating the overall expression, HIF showed a positive relation with Nestin and CD31/PAS with a P value of 0.026* and 0.038* in nonmetastatic OSCC using Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis. CONCLUSION Based on the above results hypoxia plays a vital role in cancer stem cells maintenance with the formation of vessel-like structures by tumor cells at an early stage of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Murugesan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Bharath
- Department of Community Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sekar Balakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Kandasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vivekananda Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Indra Priyadharshini
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saranyan Ravi
- Department of Periodontics, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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14
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Zhao Y, Gu S, Li L, Zhao R, Xie S, Zhang J, Zhou R, Tu L, Jiang L, Zhang S, Ma S. A novel risk signature for predicting brain metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:2207-2220. [PMID: 37379245 PMCID: PMC10708939 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastasis (BM) are a devastating consequence of lung cancer. This study was aimed to screen risk factors for predicting BM. METHODS Using an in vivo BM preclinical model, we established a series of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell subpopulations with different metastatic ability. Quantitative proteomics analysis was used to screen and identify the differential protein expressing map among subpopulation cells. Q-PCR and Western-blot were used to validate the differential proteins in vitro. The candidate proteins were measured in LUAD tissue samples (n = 81) and validated in an independent TMA cohort (n = 64). A nomogram establishment was undertaken by performing multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The quantitative proteomics analysis, qPCR and Western blot assay implied a five-gene signature that might be key proteins associated with BM. In multivariate analysis, the occurrence of BM was associated with age ≤ 65 years, high expressions of NES and ALDH6A1. The nomogram showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.934 (95% CI, 0.881-0.988) in the training set. The validation set showed a good discrimination with an AUC of 0.719 (95% CI, 0.595-0.843). CONCLUSIONS We have established a tool that is able to predict occurrence of BM in LUAD patients. Our model based on both clinical information and protein biomarkers will help to screen patient in high-risk population of BM, so as to facilitate preventive intervention in this part of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Shen Gu
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Lingjie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Ruping Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Jiahui International Hospital, China
| | - Shujun Xie
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Rongjing Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Linglan Tu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
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15
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Cao F, Dong X, Li J, Cao Y, Li Z, Guo Y, Yan J, Liu Y, Zhao Q. N6-methyladenosine-mediated overexpression of long noncoding RNA ADAMTS9-AS2 triggers neuroblastoma differentiation via regulating LIN28B/let-7/MYCN signaling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e165703. [PMID: 37991019 PMCID: PMC10721320 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastomas have shed light on the differentiation disorder that is associated with spontaneous regression or differentiation in the same tumor at the same time. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) actively participate in a broad spectrum of biological processes. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNA regulation of differentiation in neuroblastomas remain largely unknown. Here, we sequenced clinical samples of ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and neuroblastoma. We compared transcription profiles of neuroblastoma cells, ganglion cells, and intermediate state cells; verified the profiles in a retinoic acid-induced cell differentiation model and clinical samples; and screened out the lncRNA ADAMTS9 antisense RNA 2 (ADAMTS9-AS2), which contributed to neuroblastoma differentiation. ADAMTS9-AS2 upregulation in neuroblastoma cell lines inhibited proliferation and metastatic potential. Additional mechanistic studies illustrated that the interactions between ADAMTS9-AS2 and LIN28B inhibited the association between LIN28B and primary let-7 (pri-let-7) miRNA, then released pri-let-7 into cytoplasm to form mature let-7, resulting in the inhibition of oncogene MYCN activity that subsequently affected cancer stemness and differentiation. Furthermore, we showed that the observed differential expression of ADAMTS9-AS2 in neuroblastoma cells was due to N6-methyladenosine methylation. Finally, ADAMTS9-AS2 upregulation inhibited proliferation and cancer stem-like capabilities in vivo. Taken together, these results show that ADAMTS9-AS2 loss leads to malignant neuroblastoma by increasing metastasis and causing dysfunctional differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobao Dong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanna Cao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanglin Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, and
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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16
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Louati K, Maalej A, Kolsi F, Kallel R, Gdoura Y, Borni M, Hakim LS, Zribi R, Choura S, Sayadi S, Chamkha M, Mnif B, Khemakhem Z, Boudawara TS, Boudawara MZ, Safta F. Differential Proteome Profiling Analysis under Pesticide Stress by the Use of a Nano-UHPLC-MS/MS Untargeted Proteomic-Based Approach on a 3D-Developed Neurospheroid Model: Identification of Protein Interactions, Prognostic Biomarkers, and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Human IDH Mutant High-Grade Gliomas. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3534-3558. [PMID: 37651309 PMCID: PMC10629271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas represent the most common group of infiltrative primary brain tumors in adults associated with high invasiveness, agressivity, and resistance to therapy, which highlights the need to develop potent drugs with novel mechanisms of action. The aim of this study is to reveal changes in proteome profiles under stressful conditions to identify prognostic biomarkers and altered apoptogenic pathways involved in the anticancer action of human isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant high-grade gliomas. Our protocol consists first of a 3D in vitro developing neurospheroid model and then treatment by a pesticide mixture at relevant concentrations. Furthermore, we adopted an untargeted proteomic-based approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry for a comparative analysis of the differentially expressed proteins between treated and nontreated spheroids. Our analysis revealed that the majority of altered proteins were key members in glioma pathogenesis, implicated in the cellular metabolism, biological regulation, binding, and catalytic and structural activity and linked to many cascading regulatory pathways. Our finding revealed that grade-IV astrocytomas promote the downstream of the mitogen-activated-protein-kinases/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MAPK1/ERK2) pathway involving massive calcium influx. The gonadotrophin-releasing-hormone signaling enhances MAKP activity and may serve as a negative feedback compensating regulator. Thus, our study can pave the way for effective new therapeutic and diagnostic strategies to improve the overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Louati
- Laboratory
of Pharmacology, Analytics and Galenic Drug Development- LR12ES09,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Road Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amina Maalej
- Laboratory
of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of
Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi-Mansour, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kolsi
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba University
Hospital, Road El Ain
km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Kallel
- Laboratory
of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Habib
Bourguiba University Hospital, Road El Ain km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Gdoura
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba University
Hospital, Road El Ain
km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mahdi Borni
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba University
Hospital, Road El Ain
km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Sellami Hakim
- Laboratory
of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Habib
Bourguiba University Hospital, Road El Ain km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rania Zribi
- Higher Institute
of Applied Studies to Humanities of Tunis (ISEAHT), University of Tunis, 11 Road of Jebel Lakdhar, 1005 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sirine Choura
- Laboratory
of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of
Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi-Mansour, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology
Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory
of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of
Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi-Mansour, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Basma Mnif
- Department
of Bacteriology, Habib Bourguiba University
Hospital, Road El Ain
km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouheir Khemakhem
- Legal Medicine
Department, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Road El Ain km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahya Sellami Boudawara
- Laboratory
of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Habib
Bourguiba University Hospital, Road El Ain km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Zaher Boudawara
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba University
Hospital, Road El Ain
km 1.5, Avenue of Ferdaous, 3089 Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue of Majida Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fathi Safta
- Laboratory
of Pharmacology, Analytics and Galenic Drug Development- LR12ES09,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Road Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
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17
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Karpenko DV. Immune Privileges as a Result of Mutual Regulation of Immune and Stem Systems. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1818-1831. [PMID: 38105201 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune privileges of cancer stem cells is a well-known and widely studied problem, as presence of such cells in tumors is associated with refractoriness, recurrence, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence also suggests presence of immune privileges in non-pathological stem cells in addition to their other defense mechanisms against damaging factors. This similarity between pathological and normal stem cells raises the question of why stem cells have such a potentially dangerous property. Regulation of vital processes of autoimmunity control and regeneration realized through interactions between immune cells, stem cells, and their microenvironment are reviewed in this work as causes of formation of the stem cell immune privilege. Deep mutual integration between regulations of stem and immune cells is noted. Considering diversity and complexity of mutual regulation of stem cells, their microenvironment, and immune system, I suggest the term "stem system".
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy V Karpenko
- Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation of Hematopoiesis, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, 125167, Russia.
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18
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Pan G, Jiang B, Yi Z, Yin J, Liu Y. Exosomal miR-105-5p derived from bladder cancer stem cells targets for GPR12 to promote the malignancy of bladder cancer. BMC Urol 2023; 23:155. [PMID: 37789353 PMCID: PMC10548737 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01326-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are considered as the root cause of BC initiation and recurrence, and exosomes derived from BCSCs (CSCs-exo) are the vital tool for establishing a stable tumor microenvironment. miR-105-5p has been revealed to promote tumor growth in a variety of cancers, but the effects on BC are still not included.Characteristics of CSCs-exo were examined by transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. PKH67 dye was used to observe the cellular uptake of exosomes. Cell viability, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8, wound healing and transwell invasion assays, respectively. The interaction between miR-105-5p and GPR12 was verified by luciferase activity assay. Xenografts were induced in the nude mice, and H&E staining method was applied to analyze the histological changes of xenografts. CSCs-exo efficiently promoted BC cell viability, migration and invasion. miR-105-5p was highly expressed in CSCs and CSCs-exo treatment significantly upregulated the expression of miR-105-5p in BC cells.GPR12 was subsequently verified to be the target gene of miR-105-5p, and overexpression of GPR12 abrogated the effects of miR-105-5p on BC cell growth and metastasis. Reversely, the anti-tumor function of miR-105-5p antagomir was observed in the xenograft mice.CSCs aggravated the malignancy of BC partly through transmitting exosomal miR-105-5p to BC cells to inhibit the expression of GPR12, which developed a novel aspect for CSC-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojian Pan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital Of Southeast University Medical School, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital Of Southeast University Medical School, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Zhongquan Yi
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital Of Southeast University Medical School, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Jiuhu Yin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital Of Southeast University Medical School, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital Of Southeast University Medical School, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China.
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China.
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital 6 of Nantong University, NO. 2 Xindu West Road, Yancheng, 224001, China.
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Mendonza JJ, Reddy ST, Dutta H, Makani VKK, Uppuluri VM, Jain N, Bhadra MP. Retinoic acid and evernyl-based menadione-triazole hybrid cooperate to induce differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2651-2665. [PMID: 37097334 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma arises when immature neural precursor cells do not mature into specialized cells. Although retinoic acid (RA), a pro-differentiation agent, improves the survival of low-grade neuroblastoma, resistance to retinoic acid is found in high-grade neuroblastoma patients. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors induce differentiation and arrest the growth of cancer cells; however, HDAC inhibitors are FDA-approved mostly for liquid tumors. Therefore, combining histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and retinoic acid can be explored as a strategy to trigger the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells and to overcome resistance to retinoic acid. Based on this rationale, in this study, we linked evernyl group and menadione-triazole motifs to synthesize evernyl-based menadione-triazole hybrids and asked if the hybrids cooperate with retinoic acid to trigger the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. To answer this question, we treated neuroblastoma cells using evernyl-based menadione-triazole hybrids (6a-6i) or RA or both and examined the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. Among the hybrids, we found that compound 6b inhibits class-I HDAC activity, induces differentiation, and RA co-treatments increase 6b-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. In addition, 6b reduces cell proliferation, induces expression of differentiation-specific microRNAs leading to N-Myc downregulation, and RA co-treatments enhance the 6b-induced effects. We observed that 6b and RA trigger a switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, maintain mitochondrial polarization, and increase oxygen consumption rate. We conclude that in evernyl-based menadione-triazole hybrid, 6b cooperates with RA to induce differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. Based on our results, we suggest that combining RA and 6b can be pursued as therapy for neuroblastoma. Schematic representation of RA and 6b in inducing differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolly Janette Mendonza
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Srilakshmi Tirupathamma Reddy
- Center for Natural Products and Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Hashnu Dutta
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Venkata Krishna Kanth Makani
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Venkata Mallavadhani Uppuluri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Center for Natural Products and Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India.
| | - Nishant Jain
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Manika Pal Bhadra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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20
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Grunwald V, Ngo HD, Formanski JP, Jonas JS, Pöhlking C, Schwalbe B, Schreiber M. Development of Zika Virus E Variants for Pseudotyping Retroviral Vectors Targeting Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14487. [PMID: 37833934 PMCID: PMC10572498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental idea for targeting glioblastoma cells is to exploit the neurotropic properties of Zika virus (ZIKV) through its two outer envelope proteins, prM and E. This study aimed to develop envelope glycoproteins for pseudotyping retroviral vectors that can be used for efficient tumor cell infection. Firstly, the retroviral vector pNLlucAM was packaged using wild-type ZIKV E to generate an E-HIVluc pseudotype. E-HIVluc infection rates for tumor cells were higher than those of normal prME pseudotyped particles and the traditionally used vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) pseudotypes, indicating that protein E alone was sufficient for the formation of infectious pseudotyped particles. Secondly, two envelope chimeras, E41.1 and E41.2, with the E wild-type transmembrane domain replaced by the gp41 transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, were constructed; pNLlucAM or pNLgfpAM packaged with E41.1 or E41.2 constructs showed infectivity for tumor cells, with the highest rates observed for E41.2. This envelope construct can be used not only as a tool to further develop oncolytic pseudotyped viruses for therapy, but also as a new research tool to study changes in tumor cells after the transfer of genes that might have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Grunwald
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hai Dang Ngo
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Patrick Formanski
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana Sue Jonas
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Celine Pöhlking
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birco Schwalbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asklepios Kliniken Hamburg GmbH, Asklepios Klinik Nord, Standort Heidberg, 22417 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schreiber
- Department of Virology, LG Schreiber, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
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Huang L, Chen L, Wang Y, Shan N, Wang T, Li D, Wang C, Ma H. Nestin Expression and the Survival of Patients With Digestive Tract Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023; 34:902-910. [PMID: 37485559 PMCID: PMC10542102 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Several cancers have been associated with poor prognoses based on nestin, a confirmed marker of cancer stem cells. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the prognostic value of tumor nestin expression in patients with digestive tract cancers. An investigation of the association between nestin and survival in patients with digestive tract cancers was performed in this meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Meta-analyses were conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to search for cohort studies. We analyzed the data using a random-effects model that incorporates differences between studies. RESULTS The pooled analysis showed a negative association between nestin expression and overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.72, P = .004, I2 = 68%) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.96, P = .005, I2 = 56%). Subgroup analysis showed that nestin expression was associated with poorer overall survival in gastric cancer (hazard ratio: 1.46, P < .001) and liver cancer (hazard ratio: 2.05, P < .001) patients, but not in colorectal cancer (hazard ratio: 1.03, P = .89) or pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio: 0.96, P = .80) patients. Further subgroup analysis showed a consistent association between nestin expression and poor overall survival in Asian and non-Asian studies, and in studies with univariate and multivariate regression models. CONCLUSION To sum up, the presence of high nestin expression in digestive tract cancer patients is associated with poorer survival, particularly in patients with gastric and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumi Huang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Shan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dairong Li
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiwen Ma
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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22
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Kalogirou EM, Lekakis G, Petroulias A, Chavdoulas K, Zogopoulos VL, Michalopoulos I, Tosios KI. The Stem Cell Expression Profile of Odontogenic Tumors and Cysts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1735. [PMID: 37761874 PMCID: PMC10531260 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells have been associated with self-renewing and plasticity and have been investigated in various odontogenic lesions in association with their pathogenesis and biological behavior. We aim to provide a systematic review of stem cell markers' expression in odontogenic tumors and cysts. METHODS The literature was searched through the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE via OVID, Web of Science, and CINHAL via EBSCO databases for original studies evaluating stem cell markers' expression in different odontogenic tumors/cysts, or an odontogenic disease group and a control group. The studies' risk of bias (RoB) was assessed via a Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Meta-analysis was conducted for markers evaluated in the same pair of odontogenic tumors/cysts in at least two studies. RESULTS 29 studies reported the expression of stem cell markers, e.g., SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, CD44, ALDH1, BMI1, and CD105, in various odontogenic lesions, through immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, microarrays, and RNA-sequencing. Low, moderate, and high RoBs were observed in seven, nine, and thirteen studies, respectively. Meta-analysis revealed a remarkable discriminative ability of SOX2 for ameloblastic carcinomas or odontogenic keratocysts over ameloblastomas. CONCLUSION Stem cells might be linked to the pathogenesis and clinical behavior of odontogenic pathologies and represent a potential target for future individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni-Marina Kalogirou
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Metropolitan College, 10672 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Lekakis
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.L.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (K.I.T.)
| | - Aristodimos Petroulias
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.L.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (K.I.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Chavdoulas
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.L.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (K.I.T.)
| | - Vasileios L. Zogopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (V.L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (V.L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Konstantinos I. Tosios
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.L.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (K.I.T.)
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23
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Hertig V, Villeneuve L, Calderone A. Nestin identifies a subpopulation of rat ventricular fibroblasts and participates in cell migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C496-C508. [PMID: 37458435 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00161.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast progenitor cells migrate to the endocardial region during cardiogenesis, and the migration of ventricular fibroblasts to the ischemically damaged region of the infarcted adult heart is a seminal event of reparative fibrosis. The intermediate filament protein nestin is implicated in cell migration and expression identified in a subpopulation of scar-derived myofibroblasts. The present study tested the hypothesis that fibroblast progenitor cells express nestin, and the intermediate filament protein drives the migratory phenotype of ventricular fibroblasts. Transcription factor 21 (Tcf21)- and Wilms tumor 1 (WT1)-fibroblast progenitor cells identified in the epicardial/endocardial regions of the E12.5- to E13.5-day embryonic mouse heart predominantly expressed nestin. Nuclear Tcf21/WT1 staining was identified in neonatal rat ventricular fibroblasts (NNVFbs), and a subpopulation coexpressed nestin. Nuclear Tcf21/WT1 expression persisted in adult rat ventricular fibroblasts, whereas nestin protein levels were downregulated. Nestin-expressing NNVFbs exhibited a unique phenotype as the subpopulation was refractory to cell cycle reentry in response to selective stimuli. Nestin(-)- and nestin(+)-scar-derived rat myofibroblasts plated in Matrigel unmasked a migratory phenotype characterized by the de novo formation of lumen-like structures. The elongated membrane projections emanating from scar myofibroblasts delineating the boundary of lumen-like structures expressed nestin. Lentiviral short-hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated nestin depletion inhibited the in vitro migratory response of NNVFbs as the wound radius was significantly larger compared with NNVFbs infected with the empty lentivirus. Thus, nestin represents a marker of embryonic Tcf21/WT1(+)-fibroblast progenitor cells. The neonatal rat heart contains a distinct subpopulation of nestin-immunoreactive Tcf21/WT1(+) fibroblasts refractory to cell cycle reentry, and the intermediate filament protein may preferentially facilitate ventricular fibroblast migration during physiological/pathological remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Tcf21/WT1(+)-fibroblast progenitor cells of the embryonic mouse heart predominantly express the intermediate filament protein nestin. A subpopulation of Tcf21/WT1(+)-neonatal rat ventricular fibroblasts express nestin and are refractory to selective stimuli influencing cell cycle reentry. Scar-derived myofibroblasts plated in Matrigel elicit the formation of lumen-like structures characterized by the appearance of nestin(+)-membrane projections. Lentiviral shRNA-mediated nestin depletion in a subpopulation of neonatal rat ventricular fibroblasts suppressed the migratory response following the in vitro scratch assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hertig
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Villeneuve
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelino Calderone
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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24
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Kim H, Lee K, Shim YM, Kim EE, Kim SK, Phi JH, Park CK, Choi SH, Park SH. Epigenetic Alteration of H3K27me3 as a Possible Oncogenic Mechanism of Central Neurocytoma. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100159. [PMID: 37088465 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Central neurocytoma (CN) is a low-grade neuronal tumor that mainly arises from the lateral ventricle (LV). This tumor remains poorly understood in the sense that no driver gene aberrations have been identified thus far. We investigated immunomarkers in fetal and adult brains and 45 supratentorial periventricular tumors to characterize the biomarkers, cell of origin, and tumorigenesis of CN. All CNs occurred in the LV. A minority involved the third ventricle, but none involved the fourth ventricle. As expected, next-generation sequencing performed using a brain-tumor-targeted gene panel in 7 CNs and whole exome sequencing in 5 CNs showed no driver mutations. Immunohistochemically, CNs were robustly positive for FGFR3 (100%), SSTR2 (92%), TTF-1 (Nkx2.1) (88%), GLUT-1 (84%), and L1CAM (76%), in addition to the well-known markers of CN, synaptophysin (100%) and NeuN (96%). TTF-1 was also positive in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (100%, 5/5) and the pituicyte tumor family, including pituicytoma and spindle cell oncocytoma (100%, 5/5). Interestingly, 1 case of LV subependymoma (20%, 1/5) was positive for TTF-1, but all LV ependymomas were negative (0/5 positive). Because TTF-1-positive cells were detected in the medial ganglionic eminence around the foramen of Monro of the fetal brain and in the subventricular zone of the LV of the adult brain, CN may arise from subventricular TTF-1-positive cells undergoing neuronal differentiation. H3K27me3 loss was observed in all CNs and one case (20%) of LV subependymoma, suggesting that chromatin remodeling complexes or epigenetic alterations may be involved in the tumorigenesis of all CNs and some ST-subependymomas. Further studies are required to determine the exact tumorigenic mechanism of CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghoon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Shim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Eunshik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Phi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Banerjee M, Devi Rajeswari V. A novel cross-communication of HIF-1α and HIF-2α with Wnt signaling in TNBC and influence of hypoxic microenvironment in the formation of an organ-on-chip model of breast cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:245. [PMID: 37454033 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment role is very important in cancer development. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the cancer cells depends upon specific signaling and microenvironmental conditions, such as hypoxic conditions. The crosstalk between hypoxia and Wnt signaling through some molecular mechanism in TNBC is related. Cross-communication between hypoxia and Wnt signaling in cancer cells is known, but the detailed mechanism in TNBC is unknown. This review includes the role of the hypoxia microenvironment in TNBC and the novel crosstalk of the Wnt signaling and hypoxia. When targeted, the new pathway and crosstalk link may be a solution for metastatic TNBC and chemoresistance. The microenvironment influences cancer's metastasis, which changes from person to person. Therefore, organ-on-a-chip is a very novel model to test the drugs clinically before going for human trials, focusing on personalized medications can be done. The effect of the hypoxia microenvironment on breast cancer stem cells is still unknown. Apart from all the published papers, this paper mainly focuses only on the hypoxic microenvironment and its association with the growth of TNBC. The medicines or small proteins, drugs, mimics, and inhibitors targeting wnt and hypoxia genes are consolidated in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manosi Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Devi Rajeswari
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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26
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McSwain LF, Pillsbury CE, Haji-Seyed-Javadi R, Rath SK, Chen V, Huang T, Shahab SW, Kunhiraman H, Ross J, Price GA, Dey A, Hambardzumyan D, MacDonald T, Yu DS, Porter CC, Kenney AM. YB1 modulates the DNA damage response in medulloblastoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8087. [PMID: 37208357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1 or YB1) is a therapeutically relevant oncoprotein capable of RNA and DNA binding and mediating protein-protein interactions that drive proliferation, stemness, and resistance to platinum-based therapies. Given our previously published findings, the potential for YB1-driven cisplatin resistance in medulloblastoma (MB), and the limited studies exploring YB1-DNA repair protein interactions, we chose to investigate the role of YB1 in mediating radiation resistance in MB. MB, the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor, is treated with surgical resection, cranio-spinal radiation, and platinum-based chemotherapy, and could potentially benefit from YB1 inhibition. The role of YB1 in the response of MB to ionizing radiation (IR) has not yet been studied but remains relevant for determining potential anti-tumor synergy of YB1 inhibition with standard radiation therapy. We have previously shown that YB1 drives proliferation of cerebellar granular neural precursor cells (CGNPs) and murine Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) group MB cells. While others have demonstrated a link between YB1 and homologous recombination protein binding, functional and therapeutic implications remain unclear, particularly following IR-induced damage. Here we show that depleting YB1 in both SHH and Group 3 MB results not only in reduced proliferation but also synergizes with radiation due to differential response dynamics. YB1 silencing through shRNA followed by IR drives a predominantly NHEJ-dependent repair mechanism, leading to faster γH2AX resolution, premature cell cycle re-entry, checkpoint bypass, reduced proliferation, and increased senescence. These findings show that depleting YB1 in combination with radiation sensitizes SHH and Group 3 MB cells to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon F McSwain
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Claire E Pillsbury
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Victor Chen
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tiffany Huang
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Shubin W Shahab
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Haritha Kunhiraman
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - James Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gabrielle A Price
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Abhinav Dey
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tobey MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - David S Yu
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Christopher C Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Anna M Kenney
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Szu JI, Tsigelny IF, Wojcinski A, Kesari S. Biological functions of the Olig gene family in brain cancer and therapeutic targeting. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1129434. [PMID: 37274223 PMCID: PMC10232966 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1129434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Olig genes encode members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. Olig1, Olig2, and Olig3 are expressed in both the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS) and regulate cellular specification and differentiation. Over the past decade extensive studies have established functional roles of Olig1 and Olig2 in development as well as in cancer. Olig2 overexpression drives glioma proliferation and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of the Olig family in brain cancer and how targeting Olig family genes may have therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny I. Szu
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Igor F. Tsigelny
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- CureScience, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alexander Wojcinski
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, United States
- Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Santosh Kesari
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, United States
- Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA, United States
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Hallis SP, Kim JM, Kwak MK. Emerging Role of NRF2 Signaling in Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype. Mol Cells 2023; 46:153-164. [PMID: 36994474 PMCID: PMC10070166 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small population of tumor cells characterized by self-renewal and differentiation capacity. CSCs are currently postulated as the driving force that induces intra-tumor heterogeneity leading to tumor initiation, metastasis, and eventually tumor relapse. Notably, CSCs are inherently resistant to environmental stress, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy due to high levels of antioxidant systems and drug efflux transporters. In this context, a therapeutic strategy targeting the CSC-specific pathway holds a promising cure for cancer. NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2; NFE2L2) is a master transcription factor that regulates an array of genes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species/electrophiles. Accumulating evidence suggests that persistent NRF2 activation, observed in multiple types of cancer, supports tumor growth, aggressive malignancy, and therapy resistance. Herein, we describe the core properties of CSCs, focusing on treatment resistance, and review the evidence that demonstrates the roles of NRF2 signaling in conferring unique properties of CSCs and the associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffanus P. Hallis
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - Jin Myung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
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29
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Koerber RM, Schneider RK, Pritchard JE, Teichmann LL, Schumacher U, Brossart P, Gütgemann I. Nestin expression in osteocytes following myeloablation and during bone marrow metastasis. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:643-651. [PMID: 36382360 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nestin is an intermediate filament protein, which was originally detected in neuroepithelial stem cells. Besides its use as a phenotypic marker of mesenchymal stem cells in the hematopoeitic stem cell niche, the functional interpretation of nestin+ cells remains elusive. We investigated the cellular expression of nestin in bone marrow trephine biopsies of MPN patients, following myeloablation at a stage of hypocellularity during early regeneration. Here, nestin is highly expressed in mature osteocytes, arteriolar endothelial and perivascular cells and small capillaries within the bone marrow space, but not in sinusoid lining cells. This is in stark contrast to nestin expression pattern in myeloproliferative neoplasms that show hypercellularity due to oncogenic driver mutations. Here, nestin is expressed exclusively in endothelial cells of arterioles, but not in osteocytes or small capillaries. Thus, the pattern of nestin expression following myeloablation inversely correlates with cellularity in the bone marrow. This nestin expression pattern is mimicking early postnatal transcriptional programming during bone marrow development. We show that nestin expression in osteocytes occurs across different species following transplant and also in bone marrow metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth-Miriam Koerber
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Lino L Teichmann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ines Gütgemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Chaudhary A, Raza SS, Haque R. Transcriptional factors targeting in cancer stem cells for tumor modulation. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:123-137. [PMID: 36603792 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are now considered the primary "seeds" for the onset, development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Despite therapeutic breakthroughs, cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This is because the tumor microenvironment contains a key population of cells known as CSCs, which promote tumor aggression. CSCs are self-renewing cells that aid tumor recurrence by promoting tumor growth and persisting in patients after many traditional cancer treatments. According to reports, numerous transcription factors (TF) play a key role in maintaining CSC pluripotency and its self-renewal property. The understanding of the functions, structures, and interactional dynamics of these transcription factors with DNA has modified the hypothesis, paving the way for novel transcription factor-targeted therapies. These TFs, which are crucial and are required by cancer cells, play a vital function in the etiology of human cancer. Such CSC TFs will help with gene expression profiling, which provides crucial data for predicting the prognosis of patients. To overcome anti-cancer medication resistance and completely eradicate cancer, a potent therapy combining TFs-based CSC targets with traditional chemotherapy may be developed. In order to develop therapies that could eliminate CSCs, we here concentrated on the effect of TFs and other components of signalling pathways on cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India.
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Yang D, Dai Z, Zhu P, Wang G, Sun B, Li S, Hao J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yu S, Lai R, Luo XD, Zhao X. High throughput-screening of native herbal compounds identifies taccaoside A as a cytotoxic compound that mediates RAS signaling in cancer stem cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154492. [PMID: 36257220 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by their ability to self-renew, to differentiate into multiple cell types and also drive tumor formation, altogether making them important cellular targets for therapeutic intervention. However, existing CSC-targeting drugs do not significantly improve clinical outcomes. More recently, preclinical studies of natural product-derived compounds have demonstrated their potential usefulness as a therapeutic cancer treatment through their cytotoxic actions on CSCs. PURPOSE Here, we identify CSC-specific compounds derived from natural products and characterize their putative mechanisms of action in CSCs. METHODS Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) were labeled with EGFP via homologous recombination and utilized for a high-throughput screen of 8,344 fractions from 386 herbal medicines. The fractions that extinguished EGFP fluorescence signal were then further characterized by LC-MS/MS. Next, several putative cytotoxic compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on GSCs, cancer cell lines and immortalized cells using a variety of methods to study cell proliferation (EdU incorporation assay), cell death (cleaved-Caspase-3 immunostaining), DNA damage (comet assay), mitochondrial membrane changes (JC-1 immunostaining), and tumor formation in vitro (soft agar colony forming assay). We also performed surface plasmon resonance analysis, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry to characterize the putative mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effects of putative compounds on GSCs. Finally, we carried out xenograft tumor growth assays to study the cytotoxic potential of several candidates in vivo. RESULTS Our high throughput screen led to the identification of the furostanol saponin taccaoside A and its two homologs from the rhizomatous geophyte Tacca. subflabellata that were cytotoxic to GSCs. Interestingly, the cytotoxic effect of taccaoside A on cell lines was significantly less compared to its homologs, owing to stereochemical differences of a carbon-carbon double bond between C-20 and C-22. Molecular studies revealed that taccaoside A binds to RAS to inhibit downstream effector signaling. Correspondingly, blockade of the interaction between taccaoside A and RAS abolished the inhibitory effect of this compound on CSCs. Furthermore, taccaoside A treatment was effective in limiting tumor cell growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study yielded an effective approach to screen for CSC-specific agents. Through this approach, we identified taccaoside A from the rhizomatous geophyte Tacca. subflabellata are cytotoxic to CSCs through a molecular mechanism that involves RAS binding and suppression of its downstream signaling. Our findings indicate taccaoside A is a potential lead compound for anti-CSC drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Peifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Gan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shirong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Yifen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuaishuai Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
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Saha S, Pradhan N, B N, Mahadevappa R, Minocha S, Kumar S. Cancer plasticity: Investigating the causes for this agility. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:138-156. [PMID: 36584960 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is not a hard-wired phenomenon but an evolutionary disease. From the onset of carcinogenesis, cancer cells continuously adapt and evolve to satiate their ever-growing proliferation demands. This results in the formation of multiple subtypes of cancer cells with different phenotypes, cellular compositions, and consequently displaying varying degrees of tumorigenic identity and function. This phenomenon is referred to as cancer plasticity, during which the cancer cells exist in a plethora of cellular states having distinct phenotypes. With the advent of modern technologies equipped with enhanced resolution and depth, for example, single-cell RNA-sequencing and advanced computational tools, unbiased cancer profiling at a single-cell resolution are leading the way in understanding cancer cell rewiring both spatially and temporally. In this review, the processes and mechanisms that give rise to cancer plasticity include both intrinsic genetic factors such as epigenetic changes, differential expression due to changes in DNA, RNA, or protein content within the cancer cell, as well as extrinsic environmental factors such as tissue perfusion, extracellular milieu are detailed and their influence on key cancer plasticity hallmarks such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer cell stemness (CSCs) are discussed. Due to therapy evasion and drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity caused by cancer plasticity has major therapeutic ramifications. Hence, it is crucial to comprehend all the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control cellular plasticity. How this process evades therapy, and the therapeutic avenue of targeting cancer plasticity must be diligently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhraneel Saha
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Nikita Pradhan
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Neha B
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravikiran Mahadevappa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Deemed to be University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 562163, India
| | - Shilpi Minocha
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Saran Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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Yoshida K, Chambers JK, Uchida K. Immunohistochemical study of neural stem cell lineage markers in canine brains, gliomas, and a glioma cell line. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:35-46. [PMID: 36384382 DOI: 10.1177/03009858221136297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) produce neuron intermediate progenitor cells (nIPC), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and immature astrocytes. To confirm NSC lineages in the normal canine brain and the association of these cells with gliomas, an immunohistochemical study was conducted on fetal and adult canine brains, gliomas, and a glioma cell line. In fetal brains, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)- and nestin-immunolabeled NSC were observed in the ventricular zone, β-3 tubulin- and/or neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-immunolabeled nIPC in the subventricular zone (SVZ), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α)- and OLIG2-immunolabeled OPC and GFAP- and OLIG2-immunolabeled immature astrocytes in the SVZ and intermediate zone. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry revealed that nIPC exhibited high proliferative activity. Quiescent nIPC and OPC were observed in adult brains. Among 58 glioma cases including 4 low-grade oligodendrogliomas (LGOGs), 48 high-grade oligodendrogliomas (HGOGs), 1 low-grade astrocytoma, and 5 high-grade astrocytomas (HGACs), immunohistochemical analyses revealed that oligodendrogliomas expressed PDGFR-α and OLIG2, whereas astrocytomas expressed GFAP and OLIG2. HGOG showed significantly higher immunohistochemical scores for NeuN and β-3 tubulin than LGOG. The Ki-67 labeling index was high in PDGFR-α and NeuN-immunolabeled tumor cells, and low in β-3 tubulin- and synaptophysin-immunolabeled cells. A HGOG cell line possessed the same immunohistochemical characteristics as HGOG. In this study, glioma cells with the OPC and IPC immunophenotypes had a higher Ki-67 labeling index, indicating their high proliferative activity. Furthermore, high-grade gliomas showed the characteristics of nIPC and neurons, which may suggest the pluripotent NSC lineage nature of these tumors.
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Fernandez Cabada T, Ruben M, El Merhie A, Proietti Zaccaria R, Alabastri A, Petrini EM, Barberis A, Salerno M, Crepaldi M, Davis A, Ceseracciu L, Catelani T, Athanassiou A, Pellegrino T, Cingolani R, Papadopoulou EL. Electrostatic polarization fields trigger glioblastoma stem cell differentiation. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 8:95-107. [PMID: 36426604 PMCID: PMC9765404 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00453d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years it has been understood that the interface between living cells and the underlying materials can be a powerful tool to manipulate cell functions. In this study, we explore the hypothesis that the electrical cell/material interface can regulate the differentiation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Electrospun polymer fibres, either polyamide 66 or poly(lactic acid), with embedded graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs), have been fabricated as CSC scaffolds, providing both the 3D microenvironment and a suitable electrical environment favorable for CSCs adhesion, growth and differentiation. We have investigated the impact of these scaffolds on the morphological, immunostaining and electrophysiological properties of CSCs extracted from human glioblastoma multiform (GBM) tumor cell line. Our data provide evidence in favor of the ability of GnP-incorporating scaffolds to promote CSC differentiation to the glial phenotype. Numerical simulations support the hypothesis that the electrical interface promotes the hyperpolarization of the cell membrane potential, thus triggering the CSC differentiation. We propose that the electrical cell/material interface can regulate endogenous bioelectrical cues, through the membrane potential manipulation, resulting in the differentiation of CSCs. Material-induced differentiation of stem cells and particularly of CSCs, can open new horizons in tissue engineering and new approaches to cancer treatment, especially GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Ruben
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Amira El Merhie
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | | | - Andrea Barberis
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Marco Salerno
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Marco Crepaldi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Melen 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Alexander Davis
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Catelani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | | | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cingolani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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Implications of Cellular Immaturity in Necrosis and Microvascularization in Glioblastomas IDH-Wild-Type. Clin Pract 2022; 12:1054-1068. [PMID: 36547116 PMCID: PMC9777267 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract12060108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis and increased microvascular density in glioblastoma IDH-wild-type are the consequence of both hypoxia and cellular immaturity. Our study aimed to identify the main clinical-imaging and morphogenetic risk factors associated with tumor necrosis and microvascular in the prognosis of patient survival. We performed a retrospective study (10 years) in which we identified 39 cases. We used IDH1, Ki-67 and Nestin immunomarkers, as well as CDKN2A by FISH. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics. The clinical characterization identified only age over 50 years as a risk factor (HR = 3.127). The presence of the tumor residue, as well as the absence of any therapeutic element from the trimodal treatment, were predictive factors of mortality (HR = 1.024, respectively HR = 7.460). Cellular immaturity quantified by Nestin was associated with reduced overall survival (p = 0.007). Increased microvascular density was associated with an increased proliferative index (p = 0.009) as well as alterations of the CDKN2A gene (p < 0.001). CDKN2A deletions and cellular immaturity were associated with an increased percentage of necrosis (p < 0.001, respectively, p = 0.017). The main risk factors involved in the unfavorable prognosis are moderate and increased Nestin immunointensity, as well as the association of increased microvascular density with age over 50 years. Necrosis was not a risk factor.
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Zhang D, Lu W, Cui S, Mei H, Wu X, Zhuo Z. Establishment of an ovarian cancer omentum metastasis-related prognostic model by integrated analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:123. [PMID: 36424614 PMCID: PMC9686070 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignant tumors, and it preferentially metastasizes to omental tissue, leading to intestinal obstruction and death. scRNA-seq is a powerful technique to reveal tumor heterogeneity. Analyzing omentum metastasis of ovarian cancer at the single-cell level may be more conducive to exploring and understanding omentum metastasis and prognosis of ovarian cancer at the cellular function and genetic levels. METHODS The omentum metastasis site scRNA-seq data of GSE147082 were acquired from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database, and single cells were clustered by the Seruat package and annotated by the SingleR package. Cell differentiation trajectories were reconstructed through the monocle package. The ovarian cancer microarray data of GSE132342 were downloaded from GEO and were clustered by using the ConsensusClusterPlus package into omentum metastasis-associated clusters according to the marker genes gained from single-cell differentiation trajectory analysis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune infiltration differences between clusters were analyzed by the estimate and CIBERSORT packages. The expression matrix of genes used to cluster GSE132342 patients was extracted from bulk RNA-seq data of TCGA-OV (The Cancer Genome Atlas ovarian cancer), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression were performed to establish an omentum metastasis-associated gene (OMAG) signature. The signature was then tested by GSE132342 data. Finally, the clinicopathological characteristics of TCGA-OV were screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to draw the nomogram. RESULTS A total of 9885 cells from 6 patients were clustered into 18 cell clusters and annotated into 14 cell types. Reconstruction of differentiation trajectories divided the cells into 5 branches, and a total of 781 cell trajectory-related characteristic genes were obtained. A total of 3769 patients in GSE132342 were subtyped into 3 clusters by 74 cell trajectory-related characteristic genes. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis showed that the prognosis of cluster 2 was the worst, P < 0.001. The TME analysis showed that the ESTIMATE score and stromal score in cluster 2 were significantly higher than those in the other two clusters, P < 0.001. The immune infiltration analysis showed differences in the fraction of 8 immune cells among the 3 clusters, P < 0.05. The expression data of 74 genes used for GEO clustering were extracted from 379 patients in TCGA-OV, and combined with survival information, 10 candidates for OMAGs were filtered by LASSO. By using multivariate Cox regression, the 6-OMAGs signature was established as RiskScore = 0.307*TIMP3 + 3.516*FBN1-0.109*IGKC + 0.209*RPL21 + 0.870*UCHL1 + 0.365*RARRES1. Taking TCGA-OV as the training set and GSE132342 as the test set, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to verify the prognostic value of 6-OMAGs. Screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, 3 (age, cancer status, primary therapy outcome) of 5 clinicopathological characteristics were used to construct the nomogram combined with risk score. CONCLUSION We constructed an ovarian cancer prognostic model related to omentum metastasis composed of 6-OMAGs and 3 clinicopathological features and analyzed the potential mechanism of these 6-OMAGs in ovarian cancer omental metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Zhang
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Cui
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heting Mei
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhili Zhuo
- grid.410318.f0000 0004 0632 3409Oncology Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Wang D, Ge H, Güngör C, Gong X, Chen Y. Cytoskeletal and Cytoskeleton-Associated Proteins: Key Regulators of Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1369. [PMID: 36355541 PMCID: PMC9698833 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells possessing stemness characteristics that are closely associated with tumor proliferation, recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shown that different cytoskeletal components and remodeling processes have a profound impact on the behavior of CSCs. In this review, we outline the different cytoskeletal components regulating the properties of CSCs and discuss current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the cytoskeleton. Given the many challenges currently faced in targeted cancer therapy, a deeper comprehension of the molecular events involved in the interaction of the cytoskeleton and CSCs will help us identify more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heming Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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The Molecular and Cellular Strategies of Glioblastoma and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Conferring Radioresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113577. [PMID: 36362359 PMCID: PMC9656305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to play a crucial role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, recent studies have indicated that radiotherapy can offer only palliation owing to the radioresistance of GBM and NSCLC. Therefore, delineating the major radioresistance mechanisms may provide novel therapeutic approaches to sensitize these diseases to IR and improve patient outcomes. This review provides insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GBM and NSCLC radioresistance, where it sheds light on the role played by cancer stem cells (CSCs), as well as discusses comprehensively how the cellular dormancy/non-proliferating state and polyploidy impact on their survival and relapse post-IR exposure.
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Wu LMN, Zhang F, Rao R, Adam M, Pollard K, Szabo S, Liu X, Belcher KA, Luo Z, Ogurek S, Reilly C, Zhou X, Zhang L, Rubin J, Chang LS, Xin M, Yu J, Suva M, Pratilas CA, Potter S, Lu QR. Single-cell multiomics identifies clinically relevant mesenchymal stem-like cells and key regulators for MPNST malignancy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5442. [PMID: 36322658 PMCID: PMC9629745 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), a highly aggressive Schwann cell (SC)-derived soft tissue sarcoma, arises from benign neurofibroma (NF); however, the identity, heterogeneity and origins of tumor populations remain elusive. Nestin+ cells have been implicated as tumor stem cells in MPNST; unexpectedly, single-cell profiling of human NF and MPNST and their animal models reveal a broad range of nestin-expressing SC lineage cells and dynamic acquisition of discrete cancer states during malignant transformation. We uncover a nestin-negative mesenchymal neural crest-like subpopulation as a previously unknown malignant stem-like state common to murine and human MPNSTs, which correlates with clinical severity. Integrative multiomics profiling further identifies unique regulatory networks and druggable targets against the malignant subpopulations in MPNST. Targeting key epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness regulators including ZEB1 and ALDH1A1 impedes MPNST growth. Together, our studies reveal the underlying principles of tumor cell-state evolution and their regulatory circuitries during NF-to-MPNST transformation, highlighting a hitherto unrecognized mesenchymal stem-like subpopulation in MPNST disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Man Natalie Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rohit Rao
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mike Adam
- Division of Developmental Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kai Pollard
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sara Szabo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xuezhao Liu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Katie A. Belcher
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Zaili Luo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sean Ogurek
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Colleen Reilly
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joshua Rubin
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Long-sheng Chang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mario Suva
- Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Christine A. Pratilas
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Steven Potter
- Division of Developmental Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Q. Richard Lu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Nayak A, Warrier NM, Kumar P. Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment: Targeting the Critical Crosstalk through Nanocarrier Systems. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2209-2233. [PMID: 35876959 PMCID: PMC9489588 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in cancer development due to multiple universal features that transcend heterogeneity and niche specifications, like promoting cancer progression and metastasis. As a result of their preponderant involvement in tumor growth and maintenance through several microsystemic alterations, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, and acidosis, TMEs make for ideal targets in both diagnostic and therapeutic ventures. Correspondingly, methodologies to target TMEs have been investigated this past decade as stratagems of significant potential in the genre of focused cancer treatment. Within targeted oncotherapy, nanomedical derivates-nanocarriers (NCs) especially-have emerged to present notable prospects in enhancing targeting specificity. Yet, one major issue in the application of NCs in microenvironmental directed therapy is that TMEs are too broad a spectrum of targeting possibilities for these carriers to be effectively employed. However, cancer stem cells (CSCs) might portend a solution to the above conundrum: aside from being quite heavily invested in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance, CSCs also show self-renewal and fluid clonogenic properties that often define specific TME niches. Further scrutiny of the relationship between CSCs and TMEs also points towards mechanisms that underly tumoral characteristics of metastasis, malignancy, and even resistance. This review summarizes recent advances in NC-enabled targeting of CSCs for more holistic strikes against TMEs and discusses both the current challenges that hinder the clinical application of these strategies as well as the avenues that can further CSC-targeting initiatives. Central role of CSCs in regulation of cellular components within the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadya Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Neerada Meenakshi Warrier
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Karpenko D, Kapranov N, Bigildeev A. Nestin-GFP transgene labels immunoprivileged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the model of ectopic foci formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:993056. [PMID: 36133916 PMCID: PMC9483855 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.993056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune privileges are demonstrated for different types of quiescent stem cells of adult mammalian organisms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are believed to have immune privileges; however, an accurate experimental confirmation hasn’t been presented. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence that MSCs of C57Black/6J murine bone marrow (BM) are immune privileged in vivo and retain their functionality after prolonged exposure to the uncompromised immune system. The BM of Nes-Gfp transgenic mice was implanted as a tissue fragment under the kidney capsule in isogenic C57Black/6J immunocompetent recipients. Nestin-Gfp strain provides a fluorescent immunogenic marker for a small fraction of BM cells, including GFP+CD45– MSCs. Despite the exposure of xenogenically marked MSCs to the fully-functional immune system, primary ectopic foci of hematopoiesis formed. Six weeks after implantation, multicolor fluorescence cytometry revealed both GFP+CD45– and GFP+CD45+ cells within the foci. GFP+CD45– cells proportion was 2.0 × 10–5 ×÷9 and it didn’t differ significantly from syngenic Nes-GFP transplantation control. According to current knowledge, the immune system of the recipients should eliminate GFP+ cells, including GFP+ MSCs. These results show that MSCs evade immunity. Primary foci were retransplanted into secondary Nes-GFP recipients. The secondary foci formed, in which CD45–GFP+ cells proportion was 6.7 × 10–5 ×÷2.2, and it didn’t differ from intact Nes-GFP BM. The results demonstrate that MSCs preserve self-renewal and retain their functionality after prolonged immune exposure. The success of this study relied on the implantation of BM fragments without prior dissociation of cells and the fact that the vast majority of implanted cells were immunologically equivalent to the recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Karpenko
- Laboratory of Physiology of Hematopoiesis, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Aleksei Bigildeev, ; Karpenko Dmitriy,
| | - Nikolay Kapranov
- Immunophenotyping Department, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Bigildeev
- Laboratory of Physiology of Hematopoiesis, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Aleksei Bigildeev, ; Karpenko Dmitriy,
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Davodabadi F, Sarhadi M, Arabpour J, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Breast cancer vaccines: New insights into immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic approaches. J Control Release 2022; 349:844-875. [PMID: 35908621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is known to be a highly heterogeneous disease that is clinically subdivided into four primary molecular subtypes, each having distinct morphology and clinical implications. These subtypes are principally defined by hormone receptors and other proteins involved (or not involved) in BC development. BC therapeutic vaccines [including peptide-based vaccines, protein-based vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines (DNA/RNA vaccines), bacterial/viral-based vaccines, and different immune cell-based vaccines] have emerged as an appealing class of cancer immunotherapeutics when used alone or combined with other immunotherapies. Employing the immune system to eliminate BC cells is a novel therapeutic modality. The benefit of active immunotherapies is that they develop protection against neoplastic tissue and readjust the immune system to an anti-tumor monitoring state. Such immunovaccines have not yet shown effectiveness for BC treatment in clinical trials. In recent years, nanomedicines have opened new windows to increase the effectiveness of vaccinations to treat BC. In this context, some nanoplatforms have been designed to efficiently deliver molecular, cellular, or subcellular vaccines to BC cells, increasing the efficacy and persistence of anti-tumor immunity while minimizing undesirable side effects. Immunostimulatory nano-adjuvants, liposomal-based vaccines, polymeric vaccines, virus-like particles, lipid/calcium/phosphate nanoparticles, chitosan-derived nanostructures, porous silicon microparticles, and selenium nanoparticles are among the newly designed nanostructures that have been used to facilitate antigen internalization and presentation by antigen-presenting cells, increase antigen stability, enhance vaccine antigenicity and remedial effectivity, promote antigen escape from the endosome, improve cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, and produce humoral immune responses in BC cells. Here, we summarized the existing subtypes of BC and shed light on immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic strategies for BC vaccination. Finally, we reviewed ongoing clinical trials on BC vaccination and highlighted near-term opportunities for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran
| | - Javad Arabpour
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran.
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Herheliuk TS, Perepelytsina OM, Chmelnytska YM, Kuznetsova GM, Dzjubenko NV, Raksha NG, Gorbach OI, Sydorenko MV. Study of Cancer Stem Cell Subpopulations in Breast Cancer Models. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Survivin Inhibition by Piperine Sensitizes Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells and Leads to Better Drug Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147604. [PMID: 35886952 PMCID: PMC9323232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cancer stem cells (GSCs) are one of the strongest contributing factors to treatment resistance in GBM. Identification of biomarkers capable of directly affecting these cells within the bulk tumor is a major challenge associated with the development of new targeting strategies. In this study, we focus on understanding the potential of the multifunctional extraordinaire survivin as a biomarker for GSCs. We analyzed the expression profiles of this gene using various publicly available datasets to understand its importance in stemness and other cancer processes. The findings from these studies were further validated using human GSCs isolated from a GBM cell line. In these GSCs, survivin was inhibited using the dietary phytochemical piperine (PIP) and the subsequent effects on stemness, cancer processes and Temozolomide were investigated. In silico analysis identified survivin to be one of the most significant differentially regulated gene in GSCs, in comparison to common stemness markers. Further validation studies on the isolated GSCs showed the importance of survivin in stemness, cancer progression and therapy resistance. Taken together, our study identifies survivin as a more consistent GSC marker and also suggests the possibility of using survivin inhibitors along with standard of care drugs for better therapeutic outcomes.
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Xiao L, Wang M, Zou K, Li Z, Luo J. Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on proliferation and directed differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells. Neuroreport 2022; 33:413-421. [PMID: 35623086 PMCID: PMC9154301 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be transformed into neural stem cells (NSCs) and still maintain immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects. Transplantation of NSCs induced by hUCMSCs would be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurological diseases. Ginsenoside Rg1 has neuroprotective effects and influences cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we further evaluated the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the proliferation and directional differentiation of hUCMSCs into NSCs. METHODS The CCK-8 assay was used to determine the optimal dose of ginsenoside Rg1 with respect to hUCMSC proliferation and differentiation. NSCs were authenticated using immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry and were quantified in each group. RT-PCR was used to screen the signaling pathway by which ginsenoside Rg1 promoted the differentiation of hUCMSCs into NSCs. RESULTS The optimal dose of Rg1 to promote hUCMSC proliferation and differentiation to NSCs was 10 μmol/l. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence showed that induced NSCs expressed nestin and sex-determining region Y-box 2, with higher expression levels in the Rg1 group than that in the negative control group. RT-PCR showed that Rg1 downregulates the expression of genes involved in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways in the induction process. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rg1 not only promotes the proliferation and viability of hUCMSCs in the process of differentiation into NSCs but also improves the differentiation efficiency. This study provides a basis for the development of hUCMSC-derived NSCs for the treatment of nervous system diseases and for analyses of underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine
| | - Maoyuan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine
| | - Kang Zou
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University
| | - Zuoyong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Boccellato C, Rehm M. Glioblastoma, from disease understanding towards optimal cell-based in vitro models. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:527-541. [PMID: 35763242 PMCID: PMC9424171 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) patients are notoriously difficult to treat and ultimately all succumb to disease. This unfortunate scenario motivates research into better characterizing and understanding this disease, and into developing novel research tools by which potential novel therapeutics and treatment options initially can be evaluated pre-clinically. Here, we provide a concise overview of glioblastoma epidemiology, disease classification, the challenges faced in the treatment of glioblastoma and current novel treatment strategies. From this, we lead into a description and assessment of advanced cell-based models that aim to narrow the gap between pre-clinical and clinical studies. Such invitro models are required to deliver reliable and meaningful data for the development and pre-validation of novel therapeutics and treatments.
Conclusions
The toolbox for GBM cell-based models has expanded substantially, with the possibility of 3D printing tumour tissues and thereby replicating invivo tissue architectures now looming on the horizon. A comparison of experimental cell-based model systems and techniques highlights advantages and drawbacks of the various tools available, based on which cell-based models and experimental approaches best suited to address a diversity of research questions in the glioblastoma research field can be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Boccellato
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Park CG, Choi SH, Lee SY, Eun K, Park MG, Jang J, Jeong HJ, Kim SJ, Jeong S, Lee K, Kim H. Cytoplasmic LMO2-LDB1 Complex Activates STAT3 Signaling through Interaction with gp130-JAK in Glioma Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132031. [PMID: 35805116 PMCID: PMC9265747 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of nuclear LIM domain only 2 (LMO2) as a transcriptional regulator is well established, but its function in the cytoplasm is largely unknown. Here, we identified LMO2 as a cytoplasmic activator for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in glioma stem cells (GSCs) through biochemical and bioinformatics analyses. LMO2 increases STAT3 phosphorylation by interacting with glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and Janus kinases (JAKs). LMO2-driven activation of STAT3 signaling requires the LDB1 protein and leads to increased expression of an inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1), a master regulator of cancer stemness. Our findings indicate that the cytoplasmic LMO2-LDB1 complex plays a crucial role in the activation of the GSC signaling cascade via interaction with gp130 and JAK1/2. Thus, LMO2-LDB1 is a bona fide oncogenic protein complex that activates either the JAK-STAT signaling cascade in the cytoplasm or direct transcriptional regulation in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Gyu Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Sang-Hun Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Seon Yong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Kiyoung Eun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min Gi Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Junseok Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Hyeon Ju Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Seong Jin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Sohee Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Kanghun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (C.G.P.); (S.-H.C.); (S.Y.L.); (K.E.); (M.G.P.); (J.J.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.K.); (S.J.); (K.L.)
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3290-3059; Fax: +82-2-3290-3040
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Novel therapeutics and drug-delivery approaches in the modulation of glioblastoma stem cell resistance. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:249-273. [PMID: 35615860 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly malignancy with a poor prognosis. An important factor contributing to GBM recurrence is high resistance of GBM cancer stem cells (GSCs). While temozolomide (TMZ), has been shown to consistently extend survival, GSCs grow resistant to TMZ through upregulation of DNA damage repair mechanisms and avoidance of apoptosis. Since a single-drug approach has failed to significantly alter prognosis in the past 15 years, unique approaches such as multidrug combination therapy together with distinctive targeted drug-delivery approaches against cancer stem cells are needed. In this review, a rationale for multidrug therapy using a targeted nanotechnology approach that preferentially target GSCs is proposed with discussion and examples of drugs, nanomedicine delivery systems, and targeting moieties.
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Burgy O, Crestani B, Bonniaud P. Targeting the nasty nestin to shoot lung fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:59/5/2103146. [PMID: 35512809 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03146-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Burgy
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France .,Constitutive Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases - OrphaLung, Dijon-Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, U1152, laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France.,APHP, Service de Pneumologie A, Constitutive Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases - OrphaLung, FHU APOLLO, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bonniaud
- INSERM U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,Constitutive Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases - OrphaLung, Dijon-Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Dept of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Dijon-Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France
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50
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Sementino E, Kadariya Y, Cheung M, Menges CW, Tan Y, Kukuyan AM, Shrestha U, Karchugina S, Cai KQ, Peri S, Duncan JS, Chernoff J, Testa JR. Inactivation of p21-Activated Kinase 2 (Pak2) Inhibits the Development of Nf2-Deficient Tumors by Restricting Downstream Hedgehog and Wnt Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:699-711. [PMID: 35082167 PMCID: PMC9081258 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Because loss of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene results in p21-activated kinase (Pak) activation, PAK inhibitors hold promise for the treatment of NF2-deficient tumors. To test this possibility, we asked if loss of Pak2, a highly expressed group I PAK member, affects the development of malignant mesothelioma in Nf2;Cdkn2a-deficient (NC) mice and the growth properties of NC mesothelioma cells in culture. In vivo, deletion of Pak2 resulted in a markedly decreased incidence and delayed onset of both pleural and peritoneal malignant mesotheliomas in NC mice. In vitro, Pak2 deletion decreased malignant mesothelioma cell viability, migration, clonogenicity, and spheroid formation. RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrated downregulated expression of Hedgehog and Wnt pathway genes in NC;Pak2-/- mesothelioma cells versus NC;Pak2+/+ mesothelioma cells. Targeting of the Hedgehog signaling component Gli1 or its target gene Myc inhibited cell viability and spheroid formation in NC;P+/+ mesothelioma cells. Kinome profiling uncovered kinase changes indicative of EMT in NC;Pak2-/- mesothelioma cells, suggesting that Pak2-deficient malignant mesotheliomas can adapt by reprogramming their kinome in the absence of Pak activity. The identification of such compensatory pathways offers opportunities for rational combination therapies to circumvent resistance to anti-PAK drugs. IMPLICATIONS We provide evidence supporting a role for PAK inhibitors in treating NF2-deficient tumors. NF2-deficient tumors lacking Pak2 eventually adapt by kinome reprogramming, presenting opportunities for combination therapies to bypass anti-PAK drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Sementino
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuwaraj Kadariya
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mitchell Cheung
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Craig W. Menges
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yinfei Tan
- Genomics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna-Mariya Kukuyan
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ujjawal Shrestha
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sofiia Karchugina
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathy Q. Cai
- Histopathology Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Suraj Peri
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James S. Duncan
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph R. Testa
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Joseph R. Testa, Ph.D., Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 1911; Phone: (215) 728-2610; Fax: (215) 214-1619;
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