1
|
Taguchi D, Shirakami Y, Sakai H, Maeda T, Miwa T, Kubota M, Imai K, Ibuka T, Shimizu M. High-Fat Diet Delays Liver Fibrosis Recovery and Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rat Liver Cirrhosis Model. Nutrients 2024; 16:2506. [PMID: 39125385 PMCID: PMC11314319 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
More effective treatments for hepatitis viral infections have led to a reduction in the incidence of liver cirrhosis. A high-fat diet can lead to chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis, but the effects of lipid intake on liver disease status, including hepatitis C virus and alcohol, after elimination of the cause are unclear. To investigate the effects, we used a rat cirrhosis model and a high-fat diet in this study. Male Wistar rats were administered carbon tetrachloride for 5 weeks. At 12 weeks of age, one group was sacrificed. The remaining rats were divided into four groups according to whether or not they were administered carbon tetrachloride for 5 weeks, and whether they were fed a high-fat diet or control diet. At 12 weeks of age, liver fibrosis became apparent and then improved in the groups where carbon tetrachloride was discontinued, while it worsened in the groups where carbon tetrachloride was continued. Liver fibrosis was notable in both the carbon tetrachloride discontinuation and continuation groups due to the administration of a high-fat diet. In addition, liver precancerous lesions were observed in all groups, and tumor size and multiplicity were higher in the high-fat diet-fed groups. The expression of genes related to inflammation and lipogenesis were upregulated in rats fed a high-fat diet compared to their controls. The results suggest that a high-fat diet worsens liver fibrosis and promotes liver carcinogenesis, presumably through enhanced inflammation and lipogenesis, even after eliminating the underlying cause of liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi T, Fan QY, Liu SB, Zhang SY. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) deficiency promotes hepatocarcinogenesis via induction of Akr1c18 expression and prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α) levels. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116309. [PMID: 38788959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor, plays a critical role in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances in the liver. Here, we investigate whether PXR plays a role in pathogenesis of HCC. We show that liver tumors were developed in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated in PXR knockout (KO) mice. Hepatic levels of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C18 (Akr1c18), a prostaglandin synthase of catalyzing reduction of PGH2 to PGF2α, were significantly elevated in DEN-treated PXR KO mice. Hepatic mRNA levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), cyclin D1 (Ccnd1), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) were significantly increased in DEN-treated PXR KO mice. Other members of Akr1c family, liver metabolizing enzymes including Cyp1a2, Cyp2b10 and Cyp3a11, and bile acid synthesis enzyme Cyp7a1 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in DEN-treated PXR KO mice. Our findings revealed that PXR deficiency promoted DEN-induced HCC in mice via induction of Akr1c18 expression and PGF2α levels and the increased PGF2α levels synthetized by Akr1c18 enhanced hepatocytes proliferation and induced inflammatory cytokine production, which accelerated liver tumor development after DEN treatment, suggesting that PXR deficiency may create a microenvironment that is more prone to DEN-induced liver tumors and targeting PXR and Akr1c18 to reduce PGF2α biosynthesis may be a potential and novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity
- Dinoprost/metabolism
- Dinoprost/biosynthesis
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Pregnane X Receptor/metabolism
- Pregnane X Receptor/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Shi
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiao-Ying Fan
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shi-Biao Liu
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shu-Yun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nishikawa Y. Aberrant differentiation and proliferation of hepatocytes in chronic liver injury and liver tumors. Pathol Int 2024; 74:361-378. [PMID: 38837539 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Chronic liver injury induces liver cirrhosis and facilitates hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the effects of this condition on hepatocyte proliferation and differentiation are unclear. We showed that rodent hepatocytes display a ductular phenotype when they are cultured within a collagenous matrix. This process involves transdifferentiation without the emergence of hepatoblastic features and is at least partially reversible. During the ductular reaction in chronic liver diseases with progressive fibrosis, some hepatocytes, especially those adjacent to ectopic ductules, demonstrate ductular transdifferentiation, but the majority of increased ductules originate from the existing bile ductular system that undergoes extensive remodeling. In chronic injury, hepatocyte proliferation is weak but sustained, and most regenerative nodules in liver cirrhosis are composed of clonally proliferating hepatocytes, suggesting that a small fraction of hepatocytes maintain their proliferative capacity in chronic injury. In mouse hepatocarcinogenesis models, hepatocytes activate the expression of various fetal/neonatal genes, indicating that these cells undergo dedifferentiation. Hepatocyte-specific somatic integration of various oncogenes in mice demonstrated that hepatocytes may be the cells of origin for a broad spectrum of liver tumors through transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation. In conclusion, the phenotypic plasticity and heterogeneity of mature hepatocytes are important for understanding the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases and liver tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nishikawa
- President's Office, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun J, Esplugues E, Bort A, Cardelo MP, Ruz-Maldonado I, Fernández-Tussy P, Wong C, Wang H, Ojima I, Kaczocha M, Perry R, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Fatty acid binding protein 5 suppression attenuates obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting ferroptosis and intratumoral immune rewiring. Nat Metab 2024; 6:741-763. [PMID: 38664583 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the rise in overnutrition, the incidence of obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will continue to escalate; however, our understanding of the obesity to HCC developmental axis is limited. We constructed a single-cell atlas to interrogate the dynamic transcriptomic changes during hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Here we identify fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) as a driver of obesity-induced HCC. Analysis of transformed cells reveals that FABP5 inhibition and silencing predispose cancer cells to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis-induced cell death. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic ablation of FABP5 ameliorates the HCC burden in male mice, corresponding to enhanced ferroptosis in the tumour. Moreover, FABP5 inhibition induces a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment characterized by tumour-associated macrophages with increased expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and increased CD8+ T cell activation. Our work unravels the dual functional role of FABP5 in diet-induced HCC, inducing the transformation of hepatocytes and an immunosuppressive phenotype of tumour-associated macrophages and illustrates FABP5 inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sun
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Enric Esplugues
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alicia Bort
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Magdalena P Cardelo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inmaculada Ruz-Maldonado
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clara Wong
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hehe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine. Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Perry
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Q, Zhang J, Xiao S, Hu M, Cheng J, Yao C, Zhuang Q. The impact of liver fibrosis on the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via a hypoxia-immune-integrated prognostic model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111136. [PMID: 37935090 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of liver fibrosis on the deterioration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. We hope to explore this issue through establishing a fibrosis-hypoxia-glycolysis-immune related prognostic model. Liver fibrosis-related genes from Molecular Signatures Database were used to evaluate the degree of fibrosis in HCC patients from the TCGA database. The patients were divided into two groups using the fibrosis-related expression matrix based on the algorithm uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) and evaluated for fibrosis by UMAP cluster and gene enrichment analysis. Prognostic model was constructed by differential analysis, LASSO, and multivariate regression analysis. Immune-infiltration analysis was performed by CIBERSORT. Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to measure the gene expression levels in HCC patients from our hospital. In 365 HCC patients from the TCGA database, 111 HCC patients with high fibrosis score have a worse prognosis than those with low fibrosis based on 129 genes related to liver fibrosis, which may be caused by the interaction between fibrosis, angiogenesis, hypoxia, glycolysis, inflammatory response, and high immune infiltration. We constructed a Fibrosis-Hypoxia-Glycolysis-Immune Prognostic Model (FHGISig), which could significantly predict disease progression in HCC patients. Furthermore, we revealed a close correlation between FHGISig and immune cell infiltration level as well as immune checkpoints. Finally, PCR results found TFF3 mRNA was significantly lower in cirrhotic HCC patients compared with non-cirrhotic ones. Liver fibrosis is a poor-prognostic factor for HCC, and our FHGISig could significantly predict disease progression, which could also be a potential predictive marker for immunotherapy in HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Li
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570105, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Chenjiao Yao
- Department of General Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Romualdo GR, Heidor R, Bacil GP, Moreno FS, Barbisan LF. Past, present, and future of chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis rodent models: Perspectives concerning classic and new cancer hallmarks. Life Sci 2023; 330:121994. [PMID: 37543357 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the main primary liver cancer, accounts for 5 % of all incident cases and 8.4 % of all cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC displays a spectrum of environmental risk factors (viral chronic infections, aflatoxin exposure, alcoholic- and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases) that result in molecular complexity and heterogeneity, contributing to a rising epidemiological burden, poor prognosis, and non-satisfactory treatment options. The emergence of HCC (i.e., hepatocarcinogenesis) is a multistep and complex process that addresses many (epi)genetic alterations and phenotypic traits, the so-called cancer hallmarks. "Polymorphic microbiomes", "epigenetic reprogramming", "senescent cells" and "unlocking phenotypic plasticity" are trending hallmarks/enabling features in cancer biology. As the main molecular drivers of HCC are still undruggable, chemically induced in vivo models of hepatocarcinogenesis are useful tools in preclinical research. Thus, this narrative review aimed at recapitulating the basic features of chemically induced rodent models of hepatocarcinogenesis, eliciting their permanent translational value regarding the "classic" and the "new" cancer hallmarks/enabling features. We gathered state-of-art preclinical evidence on non-cirrhotic, inflammation-, alcoholic liver disease- and nonalcoholic fatty liver-associated HCC models, demonstrating that these bioassays indeed express the recently added hallmarks, as well as reflect the interplay between classical and new cancer traits. Our review demonstrated that these protocols remain valuable for translational preclinical application, as they recapitulate trending features of cancer science. Further "omics-based" approaches are warranted while multimodel investigations are encouraged in order to avoid "model-biased" responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Heidor
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Prata Bacil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Salvador Moreno
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rojas Á, Gil-Gómez A, de la Cruz-Ojeda P, Muñoz-Hernández R, Sánchez-Torrijos Y, Gallego-Durán R, Millán R, Rico MC, Montero-Vallejo R, Gato-Zambrano S, Maya-Miles D, Ferrer MT, Muntané J, Robles-Frías MJ, Ampuero J, Padillo FJ, Romero-Gómez M. Long non-coding RNA H19 as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2022; 42:1410-1422. [PMID: 35243752 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) could be involved in the carcinogenesis, recurrence, metastasis and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to explore the role of lncRNA-H19 as a biomarker for liver cancer. METHODS LncRNA-H19 expression levels and the functional assays were conducted in EpCAM+ CD133+ CSCs and C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat high-cholesterol carbohydrate (HFHCC) or standard diet for 52 weeks. Liver tissue and plasma samples from patients with cirrhosis, with or without HCC, were used for the analyses of gene expression and circulating lncRNA-H19 levels in an estimation and validation cohort. RESULTS EpCAM+ CD133+ cells showed a stem cell-like phenotype, self-renewal capacity, upregulation of pluripotent gene expression and overexpressed lncRNA-H19 (p < .001). Suppression of lncRNA-H19 by antisense oligonucleotide treatment significantly reduced the self-renewal capacity (p < .001). EpCAM, CD133 and lncRNA-h19 expression increased accordingly with disease progression in HFHCC-fed mice (p < .05) and also in liver tissue from HCC patients (p = .0082). Circulating lncRNA-H19 levels were significantly increased in HCC patients in both cohorts (p = .013; p < .0001). In addition, lncRNA-H19 levels increased accordingly with BCLC staging (p < .0001) and decreased after a partial and complete therapeutic response (p < .05). In addition, patients with cirrhosis who developed HCC during follow-up showed higher lncRNA-H19 levels (p = .0025). CONCLUSION LncRNA-H19 expression was increased in CSCs, in liver tissue and plasma of patients with HCC and decreased after partial/complete therapeutic response. Those patients who developed HCC during the follow-up showed higher levels of lncRNA-H19. LncRNA-H19 could constitute a new biomarker of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Rojas
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Gómez
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia de la Cruz-Ojeda
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Muñoz-Hernández
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sánchez-Torrijos
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Gallego-Durán
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Millán
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Carmen Rico
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Montero-Vallejo
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sheila Gato-Zambrano
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Douglas Maya-Miles
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Teresa Ferrer
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Javier Ampuero
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco J Padillo
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Seliver Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville/ /Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Conner MM, Parker HV, Falcone DR, Chung G, Schaner Tooley CE. Novel regulation of the transcription factor ZHX2 by N-terminal methylation. Transcription 2022; 13:1-15. [PMID: 35613330 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2079184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
N-terminal methylation (Nα-methylation) by the methyltransferase NRMT1 is an important post-translational modification that regulates protein-DNA interactions. Accordingly, its loss impairs functions that are reliant on such interactions, including DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. The global loss of Nα-methylation results in severe developmental and premature aging phenotypes, but given over 300 predicted substrates, it is hard to discern which physiological substrates contribute to each phenotype. One of the most striking phenotypes in NRMT1 knockout (Nrmt1-/-) mice is early liver degeneration. To identify the disrupted signaling pathways leading to this phenotype and the NRMT1 substrates involved, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of control and Nrmt1-/- adult mouse livers. We found both a significant upregulation of transcripts in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family and downregulation of transcripts in the major urinary protein (MUP) family. Interestingly, transcription of both families is inversely regulated by the transcription factor zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2). ZHX2 contains a non-canonical NRMT1 consensus sequence, indicating that its function could be directly regulated by Nα-methylation. We confirmed misregulation of CYP and MUP mRNA and protein levels in Nrmt1-/- livers and verified NRMT1 can methylate ZHX2 in vitro. In addition, we used a mutant of ZHX2 that cannot be methylated to directly demonstrate Nα-methylation promotes ZHX2 transcription factor activity and target promoter occupancy. Finally, we show Nrmt1-/- mice also exhibit early postnatal de-repression of ZHX2 targets involved in fetal liver development. Taken together, these data implicate ZHX2 misregulation as a driving force behind the liver phenotype seen in Nrmt1-/- mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M Conner
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Haley V Parker
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Daniela R Falcone
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gehoon Chung
- Department of Oral Physiology and Program in Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Christine E Schaner Tooley
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kerdput V, Kanjanapongkul K, Itharat A, Pramong R, Lamers WH, Hakvoort TBM, Jongejan A, Pradidarcheep W. Molecular Changes Following Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Diethylnitrosamine and Thioacetamide, and Subsequent Treatment with Dioscorea membranacea Extract. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1806-1815. [PMID: 36313224 PMCID: PMC9608040 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.72987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer commonly found in adults. Previously, we showed the anticancer effects of Thai herbal plant extract, Dioscorea membranacea Pierre (DM), in HCC-bearing rats. In the present study, we further examined the proposed mechanism of DM, including apoptosis and antioxidant activity. Moreover, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze molecular pathways in the rat model in which HCC was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and thioacetamide (TAA). The HCC-bearing rats were then treated with 40 mg/kg of DM for 8 weeks, after which experimental and control rats were sacrificed and liver tissues were collected. The RNA-seq data of DEN/TAA-treated rats exhibited upregulation of 16 hallmark pathways, including epithelial mesenchymal transition, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis (p<0.01). DM extract expanded the Bax protein-positive pericentral zone in the tumor areas and decreased hepatic malondialdehyde levels, implying a decrease in lipid peroxidation in liver. However, DM treatment did not ameliorate the molecular pathways induced in DEN/TAA-treated livers. Our findings indicate that DM extract has antioxidant activity and exerts its pro-apoptotic effect on rat HCCs in vivo at the (post-)translational level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vichununt Kerdput
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Kritsakorn Kanjanapongkul
- Department of Science, Mahidol University International College, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Arunporn Itharat
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 10120, Thailand
| | - Ratchadaporn Pramong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Wouter H Lamers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theodorus B M Hakvoort
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wisuit Pradidarcheep
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Romualdo GR, Leroy K, Costa CJS, Prata GB, Vanderborght B, da Silva TC, Barbisan LF, Andraus W, Devisscher L, Câmara NOS, Vinken M, Cogliati B. In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Strategies for Translational Modeling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5583. [PMID: 34771745 PMCID: PMC8582701 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally. HCC is a complex multistep disease and usually emerges in the setting of chronic liver diseases. The molecular pathogenesis of HCC varies according to the etiology, mainly caused by chronic hepatitis B and C virus infections, chronic alcohol consumption, aflatoxin-contaminated food, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome or diabetes mellitus. The establishment of HCC models has become essential for both basic and translational research to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology and unravel new molecular drivers of this disease. The ideal model should recapitulate key events observed during hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression in view of establishing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to be translated into clinical practice. Despite considerable efforts currently devoted to liver cancer research, only a few anti-HCC drugs are available, and patient prognosis and survival are still poor. The present paper provides a state-of-the-art overview of in vivo and in vitro models used for translational modeling of HCC with a specific focus on their key molecular hallmarks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (G.R.R.); (C.J.S.C.); (T.C.d.S.)
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (G.B.P.); (L.F.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Kaat Leroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (K.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Cícero Júlio Silva Costa
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (G.R.R.); (C.J.S.C.); (T.C.d.S.)
| | - Gabriel Bacil Prata
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (G.B.P.); (L.F.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Bart Vanderborght
- Gut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center Ghent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Hepatology Research Unit, Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Liver Research Center Ghent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Tereza Cristina da Silva
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (G.R.R.); (C.J.S.C.); (T.C.d.S.)
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (G.B.P.); (L.F.B.)
| | - Wellington Andraus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinics Hospital, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil;
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Hepatology Research Unit, Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Liver Research Center Ghent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (K.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (G.R.R.); (C.J.S.C.); (T.C.d.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi CX, Wang Y, Jiao FZ, Chen Q, Cao P, Pei MH, Zhang LY, Guo J, Deng W, Wang LW, Gong ZJ. Epigenetic Regulation of Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Macrophage in Chronic Liver Inflammation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:683526. [PMID: 34276405 PMCID: PMC8281248 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.683526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver inflammation is a complex pathological process under different stress conditions, and the roles of stellate cells and macrophages in chronic liver inflammation have been widely reported. Moderate liver inflammation can protect the liver from damage and facilitate the recovery of liver injury. However, an inflammatory response that is too intense can result in massive death of hepatocytes, which leads to irreversible damage to the liver parenchyma. Epigenetic regulation plays a key part in liver inflammation. This study reviews the regulation of epigenetics on stellate cells and macrophages to explore the new mechanisms of epigenetics on liver inflammation and provide new ideas for the treatment of liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Jiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao-Hua Pei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu-Yi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu-Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuo-Jiong Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ooshio T, Yamamoto M, Fujii K, Xin B, Watanabe K, Goto M, Okada Y, Suzuki A, Penninger JM, Nishina H, Nishikawa Y. Hepatocyte Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 7 Contributes to Restoration of the Liver Parenchyma Following Injury in Mice. Hepatology 2021; 73:2510-2526. [PMID: 32969030 PMCID: PMC8252741 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) 7 and MKK4 are upstream activators of c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinases (JNKs) and have been shown to be required for the early development of the liver. Although it has been suggested that MKK7 might be involved in the regulation of hepatocyte proliferation, the functional role of MKK7 in the liver has remained unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we examined phenotypic alterations in liver-specific or hepatocyte/hematopoietic cell-specific MKK7 knockout (KO) mice, which were generated by crossing MKK7LoxP/LoxP with albumin-cyclization recombination (Alb-Cre) or myxovirus resistance protein 1-Cre mice, respectively. The livers of Alb-Cre-/+ MKK7LoxP/LoxP mice developed without discernible tissue disorganization. MKK7 KO mice responded normally to liver injuries incurred by partial hepatectomy or injection of CCl4 . However, tissue repair following CCl4 -induced injury was delayed in MKK7 KO mice compared with that of control mice. Furthermore, after repeated injections of CCl4 for 8 weeks, the liver in MKK7 KO mice showed intense fibrosis with increased protractive hepatocyte proliferation, suggesting that MKK7 deficiency might affect regenerative responses of hepatocytes in the altered tissue microenvironment. MKK7 KO hepatocytes demonstrated normal proliferative activity when cultured in monolayers. However, MKK7 KO significantly suppressed branching morphogenesis of hepatocyte aggregates within a collagen gel matrix. Microarray analyses revealed that suppression of branching morphogenesis in MKK7 KO hepatocytes was associated with a reduction in mRNA expression of transgelin, glioma pathogenesis related 2, and plasminogen activator urokinase-type (Plau); and forced expression of these genes in MKK7 KO hepatocytes partially recovered the attenuated morphogenesis. Furthermore, hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Plau rescued the impaired tissue repair of MKK7 KO mice following CCl4 -induced injury. CONCLUSIONS MKK7 is dispensable for the regenerative proliferation of hepatocytes but plays important roles in repair processes following parenchymal destruction, possibly through modulation of hepatocyte-extracellular matrix interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Ooshio
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Kiyonaga Fujii
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Bing Xin
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan,Division of Gastroenterological and General SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Masanori Goto
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular BiologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- Department of Medical GeneticsLife Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative BiologyMedical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐ku, TokyoJapan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Division of Tumor PathologyDepartment of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu Z, Huang S, Zheng X, Gu S, Xu Q, Gong Y, Zhang J, Fu B, Tang L. Regulatory long non-coding RNAs of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:351. [PMID: 33732324 PMCID: PMC7903415 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a continuous wound healing process caused by numerous chronic hepatic diseases and poses a major threat to human health. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a critical event in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are involved in HSC activation, participate in the development of LF and are likely to be therapeutic targets for LF. In the present review, the cellular signaling pathways of LF with respect to HSCs were discussed. In particular, this present review highlighted the current knowledge on the role of lncRNAs in activating or inhibiting LF, revealing lncRNAs that are likely to be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for LF. Additional studies should be performed to elucidate the potential of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of LF and to provide novel therapeutic approaches for the reversion of LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shunmei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Silan Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Harari-Steinfeld R, Gefen M, Simerzin A, Zorde-Khvalevsky E, Rivkin M, Ella E, Friehmann T, Gerlic M, Zucman-Rossi J, Caruso S, Leveille M, Estall JL, Goldenberg DS, Giladi H, Galun E, Bromberg Z. The lncRNA H19-Derived MicroRNA-675 Promotes Liver Necroptosis by Targeting FADD. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030411. [PMID: 33499244 PMCID: PMC7866230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The H19-derived microRNA-675 (miR-675) has been implicated as both tumor promoter and tumor suppressor and also plays a role in liver inflammation. We found that miR-675 promotes cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. We show that Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), a mediator of apoptotic cell death signaling, is downregulated by miR-675 and a negative correlation exists between miR-675 and FADD expression in mouse models of HCC (p = 0.014) as well as in human samples (p = 0.017). We demonstrate in a mouse model of liver inflammation that overexpression of miR-675 promotes necroptosis, which can be inhibited by the necroptosis-specific inhibitor Nec-1/Nec-1s. miR-675 induces the level of both p-MLKL (Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like Pseudokinase) and RIP3 (receptor-interacting protein 3), which are key signaling molecules in necroptosis, and enhances MLKL binding to RIP3. miR-675 also inhibits the levels of cleaved caspases 8 and 3, suggesting that miR-675 induces a shift from apoptosis to a necroptotic cellular pathway. In conclusion, downregulation of FADD by miR-675 promotes liver necroptosis in response to inflammatory signals. We propose that this regulation cascade can stimulate and enhance the inflammatory response in the liver, making miR-675 an important regulator in liver inflammation and potentially also in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rona Harari-Steinfeld
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Maytal Gefen
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Alina Simerzin
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Elina Zorde-Khvalevsky
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Mila Rivkin
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Ezra Ella
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Tomer Friehmann
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Mordechay Gerlic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology, F-75006 Paris, France; (J.Z.-R.); (S.C.)
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou, HEGP, Service d’Oncologie, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology, F-75006 Paris, France; (J.Z.-R.); (S.C.)
| | - Mélissa Leveille
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Division, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), 110 Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (M.L.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Jennifer L. Estall
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Division, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), 110 Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (M.L.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Daniel S. Goldenberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Hilla Giladi
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6777762
| | - Zohar Bromberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (R.H.-S.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (E.Z.-K.); (M.R.); (E.E.); (T.F.); (D.S.G.); (H.G.); (Z.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gamaev L, Mizrahi L, Friehmann T, Rosenberg N, Pappo O, Olam D, Zeira E, Bahar Halpern K, Caruso S, Zucman-Rossi J, Axelrod JH, Galun E, Goldenberg DS. The pro-oncogenic effect of the lncRNA H19 in the development of chronic inflammation-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:127-139. [PMID: 33093654 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The oncofetal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is postnatally repressed in most tissues, and re-expressed in many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of H19 in carcinogenesis is a subject of controversy. We aimed to examine the role of H19 in chronic inflammation-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis using the Mdr2/Abcb4 knockout (Mdr2-KO) mouse, a well-established HCC model. For this goal, we have generated Mdr2-KO/H19-KO double knockout (dKO) mice and followed spontaneous tumor development in the dKO and control Mdr2-KO mice. Cellular localization of H19 and effects of H19 loss in the liver were determined in young and old Mdr2-KO mice. Tumor incidence and tumor load were both significantly decreased in the liver of dKO versus Mdr2-KO females. The expression levels of H19 and Igf2 were variable in nontumor liver tissues of Mdr2-KO females and were significantly downregulated in most matched tumors. In nontumor liver tissue of aged Mdr2-KO females, H19 was expressed mainly in hepatocytes, and hepatocyte proliferation was increased compared to dKO females. At an early age, dKO females displayed lower levels of liver injury and B-cell infiltration, with higher percentage of binuclear hepatocytes. In human samples, H19 expression was higher in females, positively correlated with cirrhosis (in nontumor liver samples) and negatively correlated with CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) mutations and patients' survival (in tumors). Our data demonstrate that the lncRNA H19 is pro-oncogenic during the development of chronic inflammation-mediated HCC in the Mdr2-KO mouse model, mainly by increasing liver injury and decreasing hepatocyte polyploidy in young mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lika Gamaev
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lina Mizrahi
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tomer Friehmann
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nofar Rosenberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Pappo
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Devorah Olam
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Evelyne Zeira
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Bahar Halpern
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel S Goldenberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahodantin J, Lekbaby B, Bou Nader M, Soussan P, Kremsdorf D. Hepatitis B virus X protein enhances the development of liver fibrosis and the expression of genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and tumor progenitor cells. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:358-367. [PMID: 31175830 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) has pleiotropic biological effects, which underlies its potential role in cell transformation. However, its involvement in hepatic fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we wanted to clarify, in vivo, the role of HBx protein in the development of liver fibrosis. Mice transgenic for the full-length HBx (FL-HBx) were used. To create liver fibrosis, FL-HBx transgenic and control mice were chronically exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Modulation of the expression of proteins involved in matrix remodeling, hepatic metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were investigated. In transgenic mice, FL-HBx expression potentiates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis with increased expression of proteins involved in matrix remodeling (Collagen1a, α-Sma, PdgfR-β, MMP-13). In FL-HBx transgenic mice, an increase in EMT was observed with a higher transcription of two inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and TGF-β) and a decrease of glutamine synthetase expression level. This was associated with a sustained cell cycle and hepatocyte polyploidy alteration consistent with p38 and ERK1/2 overactivation, increase of PLK1 transcription, accumulation of SQSTM1/p62 protein and increase expression of Beclin-1. This correlates with a higher expression of tumor progenitor cell markers (AFP, Ly6D and EpCam), indicating a higher risk of progression from fibrosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the presence of FL-HBx protein. In conclusion, our results show that FL-HBx protein enhances the development of liver fibrosis and contributes to the progression of liver disease from chronic hepatitis to HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Ahodantin
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Bouchra Lekbaby
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Bou Nader
- Team Proliferation Stress and Liver Physiopathology, Genome and Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Unversité, USPC, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Soussan
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Dina Kremsdorf
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, ERL8255), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm, UMR1135), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaneko R, Kimura Y, Sakata H, Ikehara T, Mitomi H, Uekusa T, Ohbu M, Kubo S. A case of primary hepatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine tumor (MiNEN) associated with gallbladder carcinosarcoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1280-1288. [PMID: 32779146 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A woman in her seventies visited our hospital because of abdominal pain. Multiple hepatic tumors were detected and a liver biopsy revealed mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN), which was composed of cholangiocellular carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Diagnostic imaging ruled out primary malignancies other than the liver and identified that the tumor originated from the liver. Because a predominant and aggressive part of the tumor was considered to be cholangiocellular carcinoma, gemcitabine and S-1 were used as first-line treatment. After the treatment, octreotide acetate was administered for the NET component, followed by transcatheter arterial embolization. Subsequently, her gallbladder (GB) rapidly swelled with biliary tract obstruction, and cholecystectomy revealed carcinosarcoma of the GB. She is still undergoing treatment at 44 months after diagnosis. Herein we report this case of primary hepatic MiNEN consisting of cholangiocarcinoma and NET, followed by GB carcinosarcoma. This is the first case illustrating that a multidisciplinary treatment approach for MiNEN accompanied with carcinosarcoma, involving assessment and treatment targeting the most aggressive component, can result in a long survival time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rena Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakata
- Department of Surgery, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawaski, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mitomi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Odawara Municipal Hospital, Odawara, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ohbu
- Division of Pathology, Kitasato University Medical Center, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li X, Liu R. Long non-coding RNA H19 in the liver-gut axis: A diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for liver diseases. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
19
|
Chandrashekar DS, Golonka RM, Yeoh BS, Gonzalez DJ, Heikenwälder M, Gerwirtz AT, Varambally S, Vijay-Kumar M. Fermentable fiber-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mice recapitulates gene signatures found in human liver cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234726. [PMID: 32559205 PMCID: PMC7304627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most malignant form of primary liver cancer, is the fourth most prevalent cause of cancer mortality globally. It was recently discovered that the dietary fermentable fiber, inulin, can reprogram the murine liver to favor HCC development in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Determining the molecular pathways that are either over expressed or repressed during inulin-induced HCC would provide a platform of potential therapeutic targets. In the present study, we have combined analysis of the novel inulin-induced HCC murine model and human HCC samples to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatic transcriptome profiling revealed that there were 674 DEGs in HCC mice compared to mice safeguarded from HCC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis uncovered enrichment in ECM-receptor interaction, steroid hormone biosynthesis, PPAR signaling pathway, focal adhesion and protein digestion and absorption during inulin-induced HCC. Tandem mass tag based quantitative, multiplexed proteomic analysis delineated 57 differentially expressed proteins, where the over-expressed proteins were associated with cell adhesion molecules, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation and ECM-receptor interaction. After obtaining the human orthologs of the mouse genes, we did a comparison analysis to level 3 RNA-seq data found in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, corresponding to human HCC (n = 361) and healthy liver (n = 50) samples. Out of the 549 up-regulated and 68 down-regulated human orthologs identified, 142 genes (137 significantly over-expressed and 5 significantly under-expressed) were associated with human HCC. Using univariate survival analysis, we found 27 over-expressed genes involved in cell-cell adhesion and cell division that were associated with poor HCC patient survival. Overall, the genetic and proteomics signatures highlight potential underlying mechanisms in inulin-induced HCC and support that this murine HCC model is human relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel M. Golonka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States of America
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States of America
| | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and The School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew T. Gerwirtz
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MVK); (SV)
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MVK); (SV)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang G, Wang Q, Liang N, Xue H, Yang T, Chen X, Qiu Z, Zeng C, Sun T, Yuan W, Liu C, Chen Z, He X. Oncogenic driver genes and tumor microenvironment determine the type of liver cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:313. [PMID: 32366840 PMCID: PMC7198508 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) may be mainly classified as the following four types: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), hepatoblastoma (HB), and combined hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-ICC). The majority of PLC develops in the background of tumor microenvironment, such as inflammatory microenvironments caused by viral hepatitis, alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC), and necroptosis-associated hepatic cytokine microenvironment caused by necroptosis of hepatocytes. However, the impact of different types of microenvironments on the phenotypes of PLC generated by distinct oncogenes is still unclear. In addition, the cell origin of different liver cancers have not been clarified, as far as we know. Recent researches show that mature hepatocytes retain phenotypic plasticity to differentiate into cholangiocytes. More importantly, our results initially demonstrated that HCC, ICC, and cHCC-ICC could originate from mature hepatocytes rather than liver progenitor cells (LPCs), hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and cholangiocytes in AKT-driven, AKT/NICD-driven and AKT/CAT-driven mouse PLC models respectively by using hydrodynamic transfection methodology. Therefore, liver tumors originated from mature hepatocytes embody a wide spectrum of phenotypes from HCC to CC, possibly including cHCC-ICC and HB. However, the underlying mechanism determining the cancer phenotype of liver tumors has yet to be delineated. In this review, we will provide a summary of the possible mechanisms for directing the cancer phenotype of liver tumors (i.e., ICC, HCC, and cHCC-ICC) in terms of oncogenic driver genes and tumor microenvironment. Moreover, this study initially revealed the cell origin of different types of liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, 510220, China.,Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The 75th Group Army Hospital, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Hongyuan Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan North Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201907, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuguang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Zhaoyan Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, 510318, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Departmentof Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zheng zhou, 450052, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan North Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201907, China. .,Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Zhangqian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China. .,State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li T, Zhang G, Wang L, Li S, Xu X, Gao Y. Defects in mTORC1 Network and mTORC1-STAT3 Pathway Crosstalk Contributes to Non-inflammatory Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:225. [PMID: 32363190 PMCID: PMC7182440 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is frequently hyperactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cases of HCC without inflammation and cirrhosis are not rarely seen in clinics. However, the molecular basis of non-inflammatory HCC remains unclear. Methods Spontaneous non-inflammatory HCC in mice was triggered by constitutive elevation of mTORC1 by liver-specific TSC1 knockout (LTsc1KO). A multi-omics approach was utilized on tumor tissues to better understand the molecular basis for the development of HCC in the LTsc1KO model. Results We showed that LTsc1KO in mice triggered spontaneous non-inflammatory HCC, with molecular characteristics similar to those of diethylnitrosamine-mediated non-cirrhotic HCC. Mitochondrial and autophagy defects, as well as hepatic metabolic disorder were manifested in HCC development by LTsc1KO. mTORC1 activation on its own regulated an oncogenic network (DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4, nuclear protein 1, and fibroblast growth factor 21), and mTORC1-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway crosstalk that altered specific metabolic pathways contributed to the development of non-inflammatory HCC. Conclusion Our findings reveal the mechanisms of mTORC1-driven non-inflammatory HCC and provide insight into further development of a protective strategy against non-inflammatory HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Susu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering Centre of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering Centre of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dewidar B, Meyer C, Dooley S, Meindl-Beinker N. TGF-β in Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrogenesis-Updated 2019. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111419. [PMID: 31718044 PMCID: PMC6912224 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is an advanced liver disease condition, which could progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, there is no direct approved antifibrotic therapy, and current treatment is mainly the removal of the causative factor. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a master profibrogenic cytokine and a promising target to treat fibrosis. However, TGF-β has broad biological functions and its inhibition induces non-desirable side effects, which override therapeutic benefits. Therefore, understanding the pleiotropic effects of TGF-β and its upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms will help to design better TGF-β based therapeutics. Here, we summarize recent discoveries and milestones on the TGF-β signaling pathway related to liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, emphasizing research of the last five years. This comprises impact of TGF-β on liver fibrogenesis related biological processes, such as senescence, metabolism, reactive oxygen species generation, epigenetics, circadian rhythm, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. We also describe the influence of the microenvironment on the response of HSC to TGF-β. Finally, we discuss new approaches to target the TGF-β pathway, name current clinical trials, and explain promises and drawbacks that deserve to be adequately addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bedair Dewidar
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (B.D.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Christoph Meyer
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (B.D.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (B.D.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Nadja Meindl-Beinker
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (B.D.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-621-383-4983; Fax: +49-621-383-1467
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lgr5 + pericentral hepatocytes are self-maintained in normal liver regeneration and susceptible to hepatocarcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:19530-19540. [PMID: 31488716 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908099116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that hepatocytes are primarily maintained by self-renewal during normal liver homeostasis, as well as in response to a wide variety of hepatic injuries. However, how hepatocytes in distinct anatomic locations within the liver lobule are replenished under homeostasis and injury-induced regeneration remains elusive. Using a newly developed bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that Lgr5 expression in the liver is restricted to a unique subset of hepatocytes most adjacent to the central veins. Genetic lineage tracing revealed that pericentral Lgr5+ hepatocytes have a long lifespan and mainly contribute to their own lineage maintenance during postnatal liver development and homeostasis. Remarkably, these hepatocytes also fuel the regeneration of their own lineage during the massive and rapid regeneration process following two-thirds partial hepatectomy. Moreover, Lgr5+ hepatocytes are found to be the main cellular origin of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and are highly susceptible to neoplastic transformation triggered by activation of Erbb pathway. Our findings establish an unexpected self-maintaining mode for a defined subset of hepatocytes during liver homeostasis and regeneration, and identify Lgr5+ pericentral hepatocytes as major cells of origin in HCC development.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ho DWH, Tsui YM, Sze KMF, Chan LK, Cheung TT, Lee E, Sham PC, Tsui SKW, Lee TKW, Ng IOL. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the landscape of intra-tumoral heterogeneity and stemness-related subpopulations in liver cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 459:176-185. [PMID: 31195060 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is heterogeneous, rendering its current curative treatments ineffective. The emergence of single-cell genomics represents a powerful strategy in delineating the complex molecular landscapes of cancers. In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility and merit of using single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the intra-tumoral heterogeneity and analyze the single-cell transcriptomic landscape to detect rare cell subpopulations of significance. Exploration of the inter-relationship among liver cancer stem cell markers showed two distinct major cell populations according to EPCAM expression, and the EPCAM+ cells had upregulated expression of multiple oncogenes. We also identified a CD24+/CD44+-enriched cell subpopulation within the EPCAM+ cells which had specific signature genes and might indicate a novel stemness-related cell subclone in HCC. Notably, knockdown of signature gene CTSE for CD24+/CD44+ cells significantly reduced self-renewal ability on HCC cells in vitro and the stemness-related role of CTSE was further confirmed by in vivo tumorigenicity assays in nude mice. In summary, single-cell genomics is a useful tool to delineate HCC intratumoral heterogeneity at better resolution. It can identify rare but important cell subpopulations, and may guide better precision medicine in the long run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wai-Hung Ho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Man Tsui
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Man-Fong Sze
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lo-Kong Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tan-To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eva Lee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Terence Kin-Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Watanabe K, Yamamoto M, Xin B, Ooshio T, Goto M, Fujii K, Liu Y, Okada Y, Furukawa H, Nishikawa Y. Emergence of the Dedifferentiated Phenotype in Hepatocyte-Derived Tumors in Mice: Roles of Oncogene-Induced Epigenetic Alterations. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:697-715. [PMID: 31061957 PMCID: PMC6492474 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma often reactivates the genes that are transiently expressed in fetal or neonatal livers. However, the mechanism of their activation has not been elucidated. To explore how oncogenic signaling pathways could be involved in the process, we examined the expression of fetal/neonatal genes in liver tumors induced by the introduction of myristoylated v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT), HRas proto-oncogene, guanosine triphosphatase (HRASV12), and MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor (Myc), in various combinations, into mouse hepatocytes in vivo. Distinct sets of fetal/neonatal genes were activated in HRAS- and HRAS/Myc-induced tumors: aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C18 (Akr1c18), glypican 3 (Gpc3), carboxypeptidase E (Cpe), adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette, subfamily D, member 2 (Abcd2), and trefoil factor 3 (Tff3) in the former; insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA binding protein 3 (Igf2bp3), alpha fetoprotein (Afp), Igf2, and H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (H19) in the latter. Interestingly, HRAS/Myc-induced tumors comprised small cells with a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of delta-like noncanonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1), Nanog homeobox (Nanog), and sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2). Both HRAS- and HRAS/Myc-induced tumors showed decreased DNA methylation levels of Line1 and Igf2 differentially methylated region 1 and increased nuclear accumulation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, suggesting a state of global DNA hypomethylation. HRAS/Myc-induced tumors were characterized by an increase in the mRNA expression of enzymes involved in DNA methylation (DNA methyltransferase [Dnmt1, Dnmt3]) and demethylation (ten-eleven-translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 [Tet1]), sharing similarities with the fetal liver. Although mouse hepatocytes could be transformed by the introduction of HRAS/Myc in vitro, they did not express fetal/neonatal genes and sustained global DNA methylation, suggesting that the epigenetic alterations were influenced by the in vivo microenvironment. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that human hepatocellular carcinoma cases with nuclear MYC expression were more frequently positive for AFP, IGF2, and DLK1 compared with MYC-negative tumors. Conclusion: The HRAS signaling pathway and its interactions with the Myc pathway appear to reactivate fetal/neonatal gene expression in hepatocytic tumors partly through epigenetic alterations, which are dependent on the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of SurgeryAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Bing Xin
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Takako Ooshio
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Masanori Goto
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Kiyonaga Fujii
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Furukawa
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of SurgeryAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of PathologyAsahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang C, Xia R, Zhang B, Wang H. The predictive powers of plasma trefoil factor 3 or its related micro RNAs for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1110. [PMID: 30424721 PMCID: PMC6234585 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Earlier diagnosis is beneficial for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for HCC, but its sensitivity and specificity are only 60 and 90%, respectively. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to identify early prognostic biomarkers for HCC, especially a blood-based biomarker as it offers several advantages over tissue-based biomarkers. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), a novel secretory protein, was over-expressed in HCC tissues, indicating it might be a blood-based biomarker for HCC. In addition, circulating microRNAs have been investigated as biomarkers for HCC, indicating that miR-7-5p and miR-203a-3p, which are reported or predicted to target TFF3, also hold promise as blood-based biomarkers for HCC. Methods We enrolled 43 patients who were firstly diagnosed HCC and matched 47 control subjects without HCC. The levels of TFF3, miR-7-5p and miR-203a-3p were tested in the plasma of HCC patients. Moreover, we assayed the correlation of TFF3 with its related micro RNAs, miR-7-5p and miR-203a-3p, and evaluated their predictive powers for HCC. Results Decrease of TFF3 was associated with increase of miR-203a-3p in the plasma of HCC patients and they displayed potent predictive powers for HCC diagnosis. However, there was no significant change of plasma miR-7-5p between HCC and control group. Conclusion Decrease of TFF3 correlated with increase of miR-203a-3p in the plasma of HCC patients and they could be additional biomarkers to improve sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ran Xia
- Department of Geriatrics 1, Affiliated Hospital of Changchuan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics 1, Affiliated Hospital of Changchuan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jiang Y, Huang Y, Cai S, Song Y, Boyer JL, Zhang K, Gao L, Zhao J, Huang W, Liang G, Liangpunsakul S, Wang L. H19 Is Expressed in Hybrid Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α + Periportal Hepatocytes but Not Cytokeratin 19 + Cholangiocytes in Cholestatic Livers. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1356-1368. [PMID: 30411082 PMCID: PMC6211330 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is abundantly expressed in fetal liver. Its expression is significantly diminished in adult healthy liver but is re‐induced in chronic liver diseases, including cholestasis. In this study, we developed a new method with combined in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunofluorescence (IF) colabeling to establish an H19 expression profile with both parenchymal and nonparenchymal cell‐specific markers in the livers of cholestatic mouse models and patients with cholestasis. H19RNA+ cells showed no colocalization with biliary epithelial cell marker cytokeratin 19 (CK19)+ cholangiocytes but were immediately adjacent to biliary structures in bile duct ligation (BDL), 3,5‐diethoxycarbony1‐1,4‐dihydrocollidine (DDC), and multidrug‐resistant gene 2 knockout (Mdr2–/–) mouse models and in human primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) liver specimens. In contrast, double‐positive H19RNA+/sex‐determining region Y (SRY)‐box 9 (SOX9)+ ductal progenitor cells, H19RNA+/hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α)+ hepatocytes, H19RNA+/F4/80+ Kupffer cells, HNF4α+/SOX9+ hybrid hepatocytes, as well as triple‐positive H19RNA+/HNF4α+/SOX9+ periportal hepatocytes were identified. In addition, H19RNA could not be detected in mesenchymal cell marker desmin+ cells. Furthermore, H19RNA was predominately detected in cytoplasm with a small amount at the interspace with neighboring cells. Conclusion:H19RNA is localized in HNF4α+ periportal hepatocytes, SOX9+ ductal progenitor cells, and F4/80+ Kupffer cells but not in CK19+ cholangiocytes and desmin+ stellate cells in cholestatic livers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YanChao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and the Institute of Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and the Institute of Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - ShiYing Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Center Yale University New Haven CT
| | - YongFeng Song
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and the Institute of Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shandong Provincial Hospital/Shandong University Jinan China
| | - James L Boyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Center Yale University New Haven CT
| | - KeZhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shandong Provincial Hospital/Shandong University Jinan China
| | - JiaJun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shandong Provincial Hospital/Shandong University Jinan China
| | - WenDong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte CA
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN.,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center Indianapolis IN
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and the Institute of Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT.,Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Center Yale University New Haven CT.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
You ML, Chen YJ, Chong QY, Wu MM, Pandey V, Chen RM, Liu L, Ma L, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Trefoil factor 3 mediation of oncogenicity and chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma is AKT-BCL-2 dependent. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39323-39344. [PMID: 28445151 PMCID: PMC5503616 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacious treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a challenge, partially being attributed to intrinsic chemoresistance. Previous reports have observed increased TFF3 expression in HCC. Herein, we investigated the functional role of TFF3 in progression of HCC, and in both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance. TFF3 expression was observed to be upregulated in HCC and associated with poor clinicopathological features and worse patient survival outcome. Functionally, forced expression of TFF3 in HCC cell lines increased cell proliferation, cell survival, anchorage-independent and 3D matrigel growth, cell invasion and migration, and in vivo tumor growth. In contrast, depleted expression of TFF3 decreased the oncogenicity of HCC cells as indicated by the above parameters. Furthermore, forced expression of TFF3 decreased doxorubicin sensitivity of HCC cells, which was attributed to increased doxorubicin efflux and cancer stem cell-like behavior of Hep3B cells. In contrast, depletion of TFF3 increased doxorubicin sensitivity and decreased cancer stem cell-like behavior of Hep3B cells. Correspondingly, TFF3 expression was markedly increased in Hep3B cells with acquired doxorubicin resistance, while the depletion of TFF3 resulted in re-sensitization of the Hep3B cells to doxorubicin. The increased doxorubicin efflux and enhanced cancer stem cell-like behavior of the doxorubicin-resistant Hep3B cells was observed to be dependent on TFF3 expression. In addition, we determined that TFF3-stimulated oncogenicity and chemoresistance in HCC cells was mediated by AKT-dependent expression of BCL-2. Hence, therapeutic inhibition of TFF3 should be considered to hinder HCC progression and overcome intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Liang You
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi-Jun Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ming-Ming Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Hefei, Anhui, China.,The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ru-Mei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Oncology and Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Hefei, Anhui, China.,The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Matsushita J, Okamura K, Nakabayashi K, Suzuki T, Horibe Y, Kawai T, Sakurai T, Yamashita S, Higami Y, Ichihara G, Hata K, Nohara K. The DNA methylation profile of liver tumors in C3H mice and identification of differentially methylated regions involved in the regulation of tumorigenic genes. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:317. [PMID: 29566670 PMCID: PMC5865360 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C3H mice have been frequently used in cancer studies as animal models of spontaneous liver tumors and chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are among pivotal control mechanisms of gene expression leading to carcinogenesis. Although information on somatic mutations in liver tumors of C3H mice is available, epigenetic aspects are yet to be clarified. Methods We performed next generation sequencing-based analysis of DNA methylation and microarray analysis of gene expression to explore genes regulated by DNA methylation in spontaneous liver tumors of C3H mice. Overlaying these data, we selected cancer-related genes whose expressions are inversely correlated with DNA methylation levels in the associated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) located around transcription start sites (TSSs) (promoter DMRs). We further assessed mutuality of the selected genes for expression and DNA methylation in human HCC using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results We obtained data on genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in the normal and tumor livers of C3H mice. We identified promoter DMRs of genes which are reported to be related to cancer and whose expressions are inversely correlated with the DNA methylation, including Mst1r, Slpi and Extl1. The association between DNA methylation and gene expression was confirmed using a DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) in Hepa1c1c7 cells and Hepa1-6 cells. Overexpression of Mst1r in Hepa1c1c7 cells illuminated a novel downstream pathway via IL-33 upregulation. Database search indicated that gene expressions of Mst1r and Slpi are upregulated and the TSS upstream regions are hypomethylated also in human HCC. These results suggest that DMRs, including those of Mst1r and Slpi, are involved in liver tumorigenesis in C3H mice, and also possibly in human HCC. Conclusions Our study clarified genome wide DNA methylation landscape of C3H mice. The data provide useful information for further epigenetic studies of mice models of HCC. The present study particularly proposed novel DNA methylation-regulated pathways for Mst1r and Slpi, which may be applied not only to mouse HCC but also to human HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4221-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Matsushita
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Okamura
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yu Horibe
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sakurai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | | | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Nohara
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Y, Wu H, Mei Y, Ding X, Yang X, Li C, Deng M, Gong J. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PKM2 protein expression in cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma and non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15294. [PMID: 29127353 PMCID: PMC5681582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key protein in glucose and lipid metabolism, has been reported to be related to carcinogenesis in various malignancies. However, its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhotic liver (CL) and hepatocellular carcinoma with non-cirrhoticliver (NCL) haves not been investigated. In our study western bloting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the clinical significance of PKM2 protein expression in CL and NCL. The results revealed that PKM2 protein expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in their adjacent non-tumour tissues. The high expression rates of PKM2 were more frequently noted in CL (45. 6%) than in NCL (31. 9%) tissues. High PKM2 expression in CL and NCL tissues was significantly associated with vascular invasion (P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively) and intrahepatic metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.019, respectively). Importantly, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the disease-specific survival (DSS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were lower in CL with high PKM2 expression than in NCL with high PKM2 expression (P = 0.003 and P = 0.003, respectively). Overall, high PKM2 expression was more frequently found in CL than in NCL, and PKM2 overexpression was associated with poor survival rates in patients with CL and NCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Geriatric gastroenterology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ying Mei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiong Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Changping Li
- Department of gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
WITHDRAWN: Long noncoding RNAs in liver metabolism and liver disease: Current Status. LIVER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
32
|
Yamamoto M, Xin B, Watanabe K, Ooshio T, Fujii K, Chen X, Okada Y, Abe H, Taguchi Y, Miyokawa N, Furukawa H, Nishikawa Y. Oncogenic Determination of a Broad Spectrum of Phenotypes of Hepatocyte-Derived Mouse Liver Tumors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:2711-2725. [PMID: 28964793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT, Yes-associated protein (YAP), and MYC pathways is involved in human liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). However, the nature of the interactions among these pathways has remained poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate the coordination of these pathways during the formation of mouse liver tumors induced by hepatocyte-specific somatic integration of myristoylated AKT, mutant YAP, Myc, or their combinations. Although the introduction of YAP or Myc alone was inefficient in inducing tumors, these proteins accelerated tumorigenesis induced by AKT. The generated tumors demonstrated various histological features: low-grade HCC by AKT/Myc, CC by AKT/YAP, and high-grade HCC by AKT/Myc/YAP. CC induced by AKT/YAP was associated with activation of the Notch pathway. Interestingly, the combination of Myc and YAP generated tumors composed of hepatoblast/stem-like cells expressing mRNA for Afp, Dlk1, Nanog, and Sox2 and occasionally forming immature ducts. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that human HCC and CC were predominantly associated with phosphorylation of S6 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β, respectively, and >60% of CC cases were positive for both phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase--3β and YAP. Our study suggests that hepatocyte-derived tumors demonstrate a wide spectrum of tumor phenotypes, including HCC, CC, and hepatoblastoma-like, through the combinatory effects of the oncogenic pathways and that the state of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT pathway is a key determinant of differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamamoto
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Bing Xin
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan; Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takako Ooshio
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kiyonaga Fujii
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Abe
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Taguchi
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyokawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furukawa
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhao Y, Wu J, Liangpunsakul S, Wang L. Long Non-coding RNA in Liver Metabolism and Disease: Current Status. LIVER RESEARCH 2017; 1:163-167. [PMID: 29576888 PMCID: PMC5863923 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are comprised of RNA transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides in length but lacking identifiable open reading frames (with rare exceptions). Herein, we highlight emerging evidence demonstrating that lncRNAs are critical regulators of liver metabolic function and diseases. We summarize current knowledges about dysregulated lncRNAs and outline the underlying molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs control hepatic lipid ad glucose metabolism, as well as cholestatic liver disease. lncLSTR, Lnc18q22.2, SRA, HULC, MALAT1, lncLGR, MEG3, and H19, lncHR1, lnc-HC, APOA1-AS, DYNLRB2-2, and LeXis are included in the discussion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Correspondence: Prof. Li Wang, Ph.D., 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. ; Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Beck KR, Kaserer T, Schuster D, Odermatt A. Virtual screening applications in short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase research. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:157-177. [PMID: 28286207 PMCID: PMC6831487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) enzyme family play fundamental roles in adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis as well as in the metabolism of steroids, oxysterols, bile acids, and retinoids in peripheral tissues, thereby controlling the local activation of their cognate receptors. Some of these SDRs are considered as promising therapeutic targets, for example to treat estrogen-/androgen-dependent and corticosteroid-related diseases, whereas others are considered as anti-targets as their inhibition may lead to disturbances of endocrine functions, thereby contributing to the development and progression of diseases. Nevertheless, the physiological functions of about half of all SDR members are still unknown. In this respect, in silico tools are highly valuable in drug discovery for lead molecule identification, in toxicology screenings to facilitate the identification of hazardous chemicals, and in fundamental research for substrate identification and enzyme characterization. Regarding SDRs, computational methods have been employed for a variety of applications including drug discovery, enzyme characterization and substrate identification, as well as identification of potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). This review provides an overview of the efforts undertaken in the field of virtual screening supported identification of bioactive molecules in SDR research. In addition, it presents an outlook and addresses the opportunities and limitations of computational modeling and in vitro validation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina R Beck
- Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Kaserer
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Computer Aided Molecular Design Group, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Computer Aided Molecular Design Group, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Critical role of Myc activation in mouse hepatocarcinogenesis induced by the activation of AKT and RAS pathways. Oncogene 2017; 36:5087-5097. [PMID: 28481866 PMCID: PMC5596209 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MYC activation at modest levels has been frequently found in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its significance in hepatocarcinogenesis has remained obscure. Here we examined the role of Myc activation in mouse liver tumours induced by hepatocytic expression of myristoylated AKT (AKT) and/or mutant HRASV12 (HRAS) via transposon-mediated gene integration. AKT or HRAS alone required 5 months to induce liver tumours, whereas their combination generated hepatocellular carcinoma within 8 weeks. Co-introduction of AKT and HRAS induced lipid-laden preneoplastic cells that grew into nodules composed of tumour cells with or without intracytoplasmic lipid, with the latter being more proliferative and associated with spontaneous Myc expression. AKT/HRAS-induced tumorigenesis was almost completely abolished when MadMyc, a competitive Myc inhibitor, was expressed simultaneously. The Tet-On induction of MadMyc in preneoplastic cells significantly inhibited the progression of AKT/HRAS-induced tumours; its induction in transformed cells suppressed their proliferative activity with alterations in lipid metabolism and protein translation. Transposon-mediated Myc overexpression facilitated tumorigenesis by AKT or HRAS, and when it was co-introduced with AKT and HRAS, diffusely infiltrating tumours without lipid accumulation developed as early as 2 weeks. Examination of the dose-responses of Myc in the enhancement of AKT/HRAS-induced tumorigenesis revealed that a reduction to one-third retained enhancing effect but three-times greater introduction damped the process with increased apoptosis. Myc overexpression suppressed the mRNA expression of proteins involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, and when combined with HRAS introduction, it also suppressed the mRNA expression of proteins involved in their degradation. Finally, the MYC-positive human hepatocellular carcinoma was characterized by the cytoplasm devoid of lipid accumulation, prominent nucleoli and a higher proliferative activity. Our results demonstrate that in hepatocarcinogenesis induced by both activated AKT and HRAS, activation of endogenous Myc is an enhancing factor and adequate levels of Myc deregulation further facilitate the process with alterations in cellular metabolism.
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang Y, Liu C, Barbier O, Smalling R, Tsuchiya H, Lee S, Delker D, Zou A, Hagedorn CH, Wang L. Bcl2 is a critical regulator of bile acid homeostasis by dictating Shp and lncRNA H19 function. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20559. [PMID: 26838806 PMCID: PMC4738356 DOI: 10.1038/srep20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) metabolism is tightly controlled by nuclear receptor signaling to coordinate regulation of BA synthetic enzymes and transporters. Here we reveal a molecular cascade consisting of the antiapoptotic protein BCL2, nuclear receptor Shp, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 to maintain BA homeostasis. Bcl2 was overexpressed in liver of C57BL/6J mice using adenovirus mediated gene delivery for two weeks. Hepatic overexpression of Bcl2 caused drastic accumulation of serum BA and bilirubin levels and dysregulated BA synthetic enzymes and transporters. Bcl2 reactivation triggered severe liver injury, fibrosis and inflammation, which were accompanied by a significant induction of H19. Bcl2 induced rapid SHP protein degradation via the activation of caspase-8 pathway. The induction of H19 in Bcl2 overexpressed mice was contributed by a direct loss of Shp transcriptional repression. H19 knockdown or Shp re-expression largely rescued Bcl2-induced liver injury. Strikingly different than Shp, the expression of Bcl2 and H19 was hardly detectable in adult liver but was markedly increased in fibrotic/cirrhotic human and mouse liver. We demonstrated for the first time a detrimental effect of Bcl2 and H19 associated with cholestatic liver fibrosis and an indispensable role of Shp to maintain normal liver function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology &Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Chune Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Rana Smalling
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108
| | | | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696
| | - Don Delker
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108
| | - An Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology &Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Curt H Hagedorn
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| |
Collapse
|