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Leverett B, Austin S, Tan-Arroyo J. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in cancer: a promiscuous enzyme, a redox regulator, and a metabolic co-conspirator. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20230088. [PMID: 38864161 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20230088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is an essential enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle that functions in cellular respiration and redox homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that MDH facilitates metabolic plasticity in tumor cells, catalyzing the formation of an oncometabolite, contributing to altered epigenetics, and maintaining redox capacity to support the rewired energy metabolism and biosynthesis that enables cancer progression. This minireview summarizes current findings on the unique supporting roles played by MDH in human cancers and provides an update on targeting MDH in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Leverett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of the Incarnate Word, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209, U.S.A
| | - Shane Austin
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown Barbados BB11000, Barbados
| | - Jason Tan-Arroyo
- Department of Biology, Augsburg University, 2211 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, U.S.A
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2
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Hu W, Yang Y, Cheng C, Tu Y, Chang H, Tsai K. Overexpression of malic enzyme is involved in breast cancer growth and is correlated with poor prognosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18163. [PMID: 38445776 PMCID: PMC10915829 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Malic enzyme (ME) genes are key functional metabolic enzymes playing a crucial role in carcinogenesis. However, the detailed effects of ME gene expression on breast cancer progression remain unclear. Here, our results revealed ME1 expression was significantly upregulated in breast cancer, especially in patients with oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, upregulation of ME1 was significantly associated with more advanced pathological stages (p < 0.001), pT stage (p < 0.001) and tumour grade (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed ME1 upregulation was associated with poor disease-specific survival (DSS: p = 0.002) and disease-free survival (DFS: p = 0.003). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed ME1 upregulation was significantly correlated with poor DSS (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.08-2.52; p = 0.021) and DFS (AHR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.03-2.41; p = 0.038). Stratification analysis indicated ME1 upregulation was significantly associated with poor DSS (p = 0.039) and DFS (p = 0.038) in patients with non-triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, ME1 expression did not affect the DSS of patients with TNBC. Biological function analysis revealed ME1 knockdown could significantly suppress the growth of breast cancer cells and influence its migration ability. Furthermore, the infiltration of immune cells was significantly reduced when they were co-cultured with breast cancer cells with ME1 knockdown. In summary, ME1 plays an oncogenic role in the growth of breast cancer; it may serve as a potential biomarker of progression and constitute a therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and ResearchKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of PediatricsTzu Chi UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ting Tu
- Department of ResearchTaipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Hong‐Tai Chang
- Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Kuo‐Wang Tsai
- Department of ResearchTaipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Department of NursingCardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and ManagementNew Taipei CityTaiwan
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3
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Vastrad SJ, Ritesh G, V SS, Saraswathy GR, Augustine D, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Ashi H, Alshahrani M, Hassan RN, Baeshen HA, Saravanan KS, Satish KS, Vutukuru P, Patil S. Panoramic view of key cross-talks underpinning the oral squamous cell carcinoma stemness - unearthing the future opportunities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1247399. [PMID: 38170015 PMCID: PMC10759990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1247399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of oral cancer is often frequented with challenges that arise from relapse, recurrence, invasion and resistance towards the cornerstone chemo and radiation therapies. The recent conceptual advancement in oncology has substantiated the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) as a predominant player of these intricacies. CSC are a sub-group of tumor population with inherent adroitness to self-renew with high plasticity. During tumor evolution, the structural and functional reprogramming persuades the cancer cells to acquire stem-cell like properties, thus presenting them with higher survival abilities and treatment resistance. An appraisal on key features that govern the stemness is of prime importance to confront the current challenges encountered in oral cancer. The nurturing niche of CSC for maintaining its stemness characteristics is thought to be modulated by complex multi-layered components encompassing neoplastic cells, extracellular matrix, acellular components, circulatory vessels, various cascading signaling molecules and stromal cells. This review focuses on recapitulating both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that impart the stemness. There are contemplating evidences that demonstrate the role of transcription factors (TF) in sustaining the neoplastic stem cell's pluripotency and plasticity alongside the miRNA in regulation of crucial genes involved in the transformation of normal oral mucosa to malignancy. This review illustrates the interplay between miRNA and various known TF of oral cancer such as c-Myc, SOX, STAT, NANOG and OCT in orchestrating the stemness and resistance features. Further, the cross-talks involved in tumor micro-environment inclusive of cytokines, macrophages, extra cellular matrix, angiogenesis leading pathways and influential factors of hypoxia on tumorigenesis and CSC survival have been elucidated. Finally, external factorial influence of oral microbiome gained due to the dysbiosis is also emphasized. There are growing confirmations of the possible roles of microbiomes in the progression of oral cancer. Given this, an attempt has been made to explore the potential links including EMT and signaling pathways towards resistance and stemness. This review provides a spectrum of understanding on stemness and progression of oral cancers at various regulatory levels along with their current therapeutic knowledge. These mechanisms could be exploited for future research to expand potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya J. Vastrad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Giri Ritesh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sowmya S. V
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F. Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Haematology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, AI Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Ashi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Nabil Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences (Genome), Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kshreeraja S. Satish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pravallika Vutukuru
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
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4
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Sheth G, Shah SR, Sengupta P, Jarag T, Chimanwala S, Sairam KVV, Jain V, Talwar R, Dhanave A, Raviya M, Menon S, Trivedi S, Chitturi TR. In the Quest for Potent and Selective Malic Enzyme 3 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:41-50. [PMID: 36655126 PMCID: PMC9841596 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with frequent deletion of the tumor suppressor gene SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) with collateral deletion of its chromosomal neighbor malic enzyme 2 (ME2). In SMAD4 -/- /ME2 -/- PDAC cells, ME3 takes over the function of the ME2 enzyme, and hence therapeutic targeting of ME3 is expected to arrest tumor growth. Hitherto no selective small molecule inhibitor of ME3 has been reported in the context of PDAC. Based on the molecular docking studies and structure-activity relationships with the reported ME1 inhibitor, several analogues of 6-piperazin-1-ylpyridin-3-ol amides have been synthesized and screened for their ME inhibition activity. Among them, compound 16b is identified as the most potent and selective ME3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.15 μM on ME3, and with 15- and 9-fold selectivity over ME1 and ME2, respectively. In the cell viability assay, compound 16b exhibited an IC50 of 3.5 μM on ME2-null PDAC cells, viz., BxPC-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sheth
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Sun Pharma Advanced
Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S.
University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Shailesh R. Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S.
University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Indrashil
University, Rajpur 382740, India
| | - Prabal Sengupta
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Sun Pharma Advanced
Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Tushar Jarag
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Sun Pharma Advanced
Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Sabbirhusen Chimanwala
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Sun Pharma Advanced
Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Kalapatapu V. V.
M. Sairam
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Computational Discovery, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Computational Discovery, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Rashmi Talwar
- Department
of in Vitro Biology, Sun
Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Avinash Dhanave
- Department
of in Vitro Biology, Sun
Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Mehul Raviya
- Department
of in Vitro Biology, Sun
Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Soumya Menon
- Department
of in Vitro Biology, Sun
Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Shivangi Trivedi
- Department
of in Vitro Biology, Sun
Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
| | - Trinadha Rao Chitturi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Sun Pharma Advanced
Research Company Ltd., Vadodara 390020, India
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5
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Yang J, Yang X, Guo J, Liu S. A novel fatty acid metabolism-related gene prognostic signature and candidate drugs for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14622. [PMID: 36632140 PMCID: PMC9828273 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. Fatty acid metabolism (FAM) is associated with the development and treatment of HCC. This study aimed to build a FAM-related gene model to assess the prognosis of HCC and provide guidance for individual treatment. RNA-sequencing data of patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE14520) were extracted as the training and validation sets, respectively. A FAM-related gene predictive signature was built, and the performance of prognostic model was assessed. The immune infiltration and drug sensitivity were also evaluated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to evaluate the levels of the model genes. A 12-gene FAM-related risk signature was constructed; patients with a higher risk score had poorer prognosis than those with a lower risk score. Risk score was shown as an independent risk factor for overall survival of HCC, and the signature was further confirmed as an effective and accurate model. A nomogram was constructed, and it exhibited the good performance in the prognostic prediction. In addition, the immune cell infiltration and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs were correlated with different risk levels. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot proved the changes of above genes. Differential expression of FAM-related genes can be used to predict response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, and improve the clinical prognosis evaluation of patients with HCC, which provides new clues for further experimental exploration and verification on FAM-related genes in HCC.
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Azizidoost S, Ghaedrahmati F, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Uddin S, Ghafourian M, Mousavi Salehi A, Keivan M, Cheraghzadeh M, Nazeri Z, Farzaneh M, Khoshnam SE. The role of LncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in human cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:33-47. [PMID: 36002764 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play pivotal roles in every level of gene and genome regulation. MCM3AP-AS1 is a lncRNA that has an oncogenic role in several kinds of cancers. Aberrant expression of MCM3AP-AS1 has been reported to be involved in the progression of diverse malignancies, including colorectal, cervical, prostate, lymphoma, lung, ovary, liver, bone, and breast cancers. It is generally believed that MCM3AP-AS1 expression is associated with cancer cell growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. MCM3AP-AS1 by targeting various signaling pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs) presents an important role in cancer pathogenesis. MCM3AP-AS1 as a competitive endogenous RNA has the ability to sponge miRNA, inhibit their expressions, and bind to different target mRNAs related to cancer development. Therefore, MCM3AP-AS1 by targeting several signaling pathways, including the FOX family, Wnt, EGF, and VEGF can be a potent target for cancer prediction and diagnosis. In this review, we will summarize the role of MCM3AP-AS1 in various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mehri Ghafourian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdolah Mousavi Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mona Keivan
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Cheraghzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Nazeri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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7
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High ME1 Expression Is a Molecular Predictor of Post-Transplant Survival of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010296. [PMID: 36612292 PMCID: PMC9818450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several laboratory and clinical variables have been reported to be associated with the outcome of intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but only a few have been tested in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). This study aimed to identify genes whose expression of AML at diagnosis were associated with survival after HSCT. For this purpose, three publicly available adult AML cohorts (TCGA, BeatAML, and HOVON), whose patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy and then subjected to allogeneic or autologous HSCT, were included in this study. After whole transcriptome analysis, we identified ME1 as the only gene whose high expression was associated with shorter survival in patients subjected to HSCT. In addition, the inclusion of ME1 expression was able to improve the European LeukemiaNet risk stratification. Pathways related to lipid biosynthesis, mainly fatty acids, and cholesterol were positively correlated with ME1 expression. Furthermore, ME1 expression was associated with an M2 macrophage-enriched microenvironment, mature AML blasts hierarchy, and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Therefore, ME1 expression can be used as biomarker of poor response to HSCT in AML.
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An Axis between the Long Non-Coding RNA HOXA11-AS and NQOs Enhances Metastatic Ability in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810704. [PMID: 36142607 PMCID: PMC9506332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in human cancers. HOXA11 anti-sense RNA (HOXA11-AS) is an lncRNA belonging to the homeobox (HOX) gene cluster that promotes liver metastasis in human colon cancer. However, its role and mechanism of action in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are unclear. In this study, we investigated HOXA11-AS expression and function in human OSCC tissues and cell lines, as well as a mouse model of OSCC. Our analyses showed that HOXA11-AS expression in human OSCC cases correlates with lymph node metastasis, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) upregulation, and dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH): quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) downregulation. Using the human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HSC4, we demonstrate that HOXA11-AS promotes NQO1 expression by sponging microRNA-494. In contrast, HOXA11-AS recruits zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to the NQO2 promoter to suppress its expression via the trimethylation of H3K27. The upregulation of NQO1 enzymatic activity by HOXA11-AS results in the consumption of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which reduces FAD-requiring glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity and suppresses glycolysis. However, our analyses show that lactic acid fermentation levels are preserved by glutaminolysis due to increased malic enzyme-1 expression, promoting enhanced proliferation, invasion, survival, and drug resistance. In contrast, suppression of NQO2 expression reduces the consumption of NRH via NQO2 enzymatic activity and increases NAD levels, which promotes enhanced stemness and metastatic potential. In mouse tumor models, knockdown of HOXA11-AS markedly suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis. From these findings, targeting HOXA11-AS may strongly suppress high-grade OSCC by regulating both NQO1 and NQO2.
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Brashears CB, Prudner BC, Rathore R, Caldwell KE, Dehner CA, Buchanan JL, Lange SE, Poulin N, Sehn JK, Roszik J, Spitzer D, Jones KB, O'Keefe R, Nielsen TO, Taylor EB, Held JM, Hawkins W, Van Tine BA. Malic Enzyme 1 Absence in Synovial Sarcoma Shifts Antioxidant System Dependence and Increases Sensitivity to Ferroptosis Induction with ACXT-3102. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3573-3589. [PMID: 35421237 PMCID: PMC9378556 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the metabolism of synovial sarcoma (SS) and elucidate the effect of malic enzyme 1 absence on SS redox homeostasis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ME1 expression was measured in SS clinical samples, SS cell lines, and tumors from an SS mouse model. The effect of ME1 absence on glucose metabolism was evaluated utilizing Seahorse assays, metabolomics, and C13 tracings. The impact of ME1 absence on SS redox homeostasis was evaluated by metabolomics, cell death assays with inhibitors of antioxidant systems, and measurements of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The susceptibility of ME1-null SS to ferroptosis induction was interrogated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS ME1 absence in SS was confirmed in clinical samples, SS cell lines, and an SS tumor model. Investigation of SS glucose metabolism revealed that ME1-null cells exhibit higher rates of glycolysis and higher flux of glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which is necessary to produce NADPH. Evaluation of cellular redox homeostasis demonstrated that ME1 absence shifts dependence from the glutathione system to the thioredoxin system. Concomitantly, ME1 absence drives the accumulation of ROS and labile iron. ROS and iron accumulation enhances the susceptibility of ME1-null cells to ferroptosis induction with inhibitors of xCT (erastin and ACXT-3102). In vivo xenograft models of ME1-null SS demonstrate significantly increased tumor response to ACXT-3102 compared with ME1-expressing controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the translational potential of targeting redox homeostasis in ME1-null cancers and establish the preclinical rationale for a phase I trial of ACXT-3102 in SS patients. See related commentary by Subbiah and Gan, p. 3408.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn B. Brashears
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bethany C. Prudner
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richa Rathore
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katharine E. Caldwell
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Carina A. Dehner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jane L. Buchanan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Sara E.S. Lange
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Neal Poulin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer K. Sehn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason Roszik
- Departments of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dirk Spitzer
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kevin B. Jones
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Regis O'Keefe
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Orthopedics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Torsten O. Nielsen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric B. Taylor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jason M. Held
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William Hawkins
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brian A. Van Tine
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Corresponding Author: Brian A. Van Tine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone: 314-747-3096: E-mail:
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10
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CircME1 promotes aerobic glycolysis and sunitinib resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through cis-regulation of ME1. Oncogene 2022; 41:3979-3990. [PMID: 35798876 PMCID: PMC9374592 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, their involvement in sunitinib resistance remains largely unknown. Herein, we identified a novel circRNA, named circME1, which contributes to sunitinib resistance development in ccRCC. CircME1 also promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells. Further mechanism analysis showed that circME1 interacted with U1 snRNP at the promoter of its parental gene ME1, thereby upregulating the expression of ME1, enhancing aerobic glycolysis of ccRCC, and promoting its malignant phenotype. Furthermore, ME1 specific inhibitor could effectively repress the oncogenic functions of circME1. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the circME1/ME1 pathway is involved in ccRCC progression and sunitinib resistance development, which may be exploited for anticancer therapy.
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11
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Xiao R, Wu J, Ward BB, Liu H, Li B, Wang C, Xu Q, Han Z, Feng Z. Family History of Cancer is associated with poorer prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35579052 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the family history of cancer (FHC) in predicting survival and clinicopathological features in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-institution study utilized data from 610 patients undergoing surgery from 2014 to 2020 that was prospectively collected and cataloged for research purposes. All patients underwent standard surgery with/without radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. We statistically evaluated whether FHC was associated with changes in disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). RESULTS Among 610 patients, 141 (23.1%) reported a family history of cancer. The distribution of clinicopathological characteristics was balanced between FHC-positive and FHC-negative OSCC patients. FHC-positive patients had decreased DFS (P=0.005) and DSS (P=0.018) compared to FHC-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS FHC-positive OSCC patients have a poorer prognosis. FHC positivity is an independent predictor of negative outcomes based on DFS and DSS. FHC should be a consideration in screening, evaluating, counseling, and treating OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Brent B Ward
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry and Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoshi Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxue Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhien Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Badr H, Blutrich R, Chan K, Tong J, Taylor P, Zhang W, Kafri R, Röst HL, Tsao MS, Moran MF. Proteomic characterization of a candidate polygenic driver of metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167636. [PMID: 35595168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteome analysis revealed signatures of co-expressed upregulated metabolism proteins highly conserved between primary and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient-derived xenograft tumors (Li et al. 2014, Nat. Communications 5:5469). The C10 signature is encoded by seven genes (ADSS, ATP2A2, CTPS1, IMPDH2, PKM2, PTGES3, SGPL1) and DNA alterations in C10-encoding genes are associated with longer survival in a subset of NSCLC. To explore the C10 signature as an oncogenic driver and address potential mechanisms of action, C10 protein expression and protein-protein interactions were determined. In independent NSCLC cohorts, the coordinated expression of C10 proteins was significant and mutations in C10 genes were associated with better outcome. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry and in vivo proximity-based biotin identification defined a C10 interactome involving 667 proteins including candidate drug targets and clusters associated with glycolysis, calcium homeostasis, and nucleotide and sphingolipid metabolism. DNA alterations in genes encoding C10 interactome components were also found to be associated with better survival. These data support the notion that the coordinated upregulation of the C10 signature impinges metabolic processes that collectively function as an oncogenic driver in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Badr
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ron Blutrich
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Kaitlin Chan
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jiefei Tong
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Paul Taylor
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; SPARC BioCentre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Wen Zhang
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ran Kafri
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Hannes L Röst
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; Departments of Medical Biophysics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michael F Moran
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; SPARC BioCentre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
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13
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Kobayashi H, Imanaka S, Shigetomi H. Revisiting therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer by focusing on redox homeostasis. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:80. [PMID: 35111249 PMCID: PMC8771630 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular genetics have expanded our understanding of ovarian cancer. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulation of antioxidant genes are common characteristic features of human cancers. This review reconsiders novel therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer by focusing on redox homeostasis. A literature search was performed for preclinical and clinical studies published between January 1998 and October 2021 in the PubMed database using a combination of specific terms. ROS serves a central role in tumor suppression and progression by inducing DNA damage and mutations, genomic instability, and aberrant anti- and pro-tumorigenic signaling. Cancer cells increase their antioxidant capacity to neutralize the extra ROS. Additionally, antioxidants, such as CD44 variant isoform 9 (CD44v9) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), mediate redox homeostasis in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, studies conducted on different cancer types revealed the dual role of antioxidants in tumor progression and inhibition. However, in animal models, genetic loss of antioxidant capacity in the host cannot block cancer initiation and progression. Host-derived antioxidant systems are essential to suppress carcinogenesis, suggesting that antioxidants serve a pivotal role in suppressing cancer development. By contrast, antioxidant activation in cancer cells confers aggressive phenotypes. Antioxidant inhibitors can promote cancer cell death by enhancing ROS levels. Concurrent inhibition of CD44v9 and Nrf2 may trigger apoptosis induction, potentiate chemosensitivity and enhance antitumor activities through the ROS-activated p38/p21 pathway. Antioxidants may have tumor-promoting and -suppressive functions. Therefore, an improved understanding of the role of antioxidants in redox homeostasis and developing antioxidant-specific inhibitors is necessary for treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara 634-0813, Japan
| | - Shogo Imanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara 634-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shigetomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aska Ladies Clinic, Nara 634-0001, Japan
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14
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Matsuoka Y, Yoshida R, Kawahara K, Sakata J, Arita H, Nkashima H, Takahashi N, Hirayama M, Nagata M, Hirosue A, Kuwahara Y, Fukumoto M, Toya R, Murakami R, Nakayama H. The antioxidative stress regulator Nrf2 potentiates radioresistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma accompanied with metabolic modulation. J Transl Med 2022; 102:896-907. [PMID: 35414650 PMCID: PMC9309095 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of critical antioxidant proteins, was recently demonstrated to play a key role in cancer progression. Resistance to radiotherapy is a major obstacle in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, little is known about the association between Nrf2 and radioresistance in OSCC. Two OSCC cell lines (SAS and HSC-2) and their clinically relevant radioresistant (CRR) clones (SAS-R, HSC-2-R) were used. The effects of Nrf2 downregulation on radiosensitivity and the involvement of glycolysis in Nrf2-mediated radioresistance were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry of phosphorylated Nrf2 (p-Nrf2) was performed in 110 patients with OSCC who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery. Nrf2 was stably upregulated in CRR cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. Moreover, elevated Nrf2 expression was associated with radioresistance. The enhancement of Nrf2-dependent glycolysis and glutathione synthesis was involved in the development of radioresistance. Additionally, p-Nrf2 expression was closely related to the pathological response to chemoradiotherapy, and its expression was predictive of prognosis in patients with advanced OSCC. Our results suggest that Nrf2 plays an important role in the radioresistance of OSCC accompanied by metabolic reprogramming. Targeting Nrf2 antioxidant pathway may represent a promising treatment strategy for highly malignant OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Matsuoka
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Kenta Kawahara
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Junki Sakata
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Hidetaka Arita
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Hikaru Nkashima
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Nozomu Takahashi
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hirayama
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Masashi Nagata
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- grid.412755.00000 0001 2166 7427Division of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, 981-8558 Japan
| | - Manabu Fukumoto
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402 Japan
| | - Ryo Toya
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Ryuji Murakami
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0976 Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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15
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Zhu Y, Gu L, Lin X, Zhou X, Lu B, Liu C, Lei C, Zhou F, Zhao Q, Prochownik EV, Li Y. USP19 exacerbates lipogenesis and colorectal carcinogenesis by stabilizing ME1. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110174. [PMID: 34965422 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipogenesis plays a critical role in colorectal carcinogenesis, but precisely how remains unclear. Here, we show that ERK2 phosphorylates ME1 at T103, thereby inhibiting its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation and enhancing its interaction with USP19. USP19 antagonizes RNF1-mediated ME1 degradation by deubiquitination, which in turn promotes lipid metabolism and NADPH production and suppresses ROS. Meanwhile, ROS dramatically increases PD-L1 mRNA levels through accelerating expression of the transcription factor NRF2. Increased lipid metabolism is correlated with ERK2 activity and colorectal carcinogenesis in human patients. Therefore, the combination of ERK2 inhibitor and anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly inhibits spontaneous and chemically induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Collectively, the USP19-ME1 axis plays a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis and may also provide a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Li Gu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bingjun Lu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Caoqi Lei
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Edward V Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Pittsburgh Liver Research Center and The Hillman Cancer Center of UPMC, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Youjun Li
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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16
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Lee D, Zhang MS, Tsang FHC, Bao MHR, Xu IMJ, Lai RKH, Chiu DKC, Tse APW, Law CT, Chan CYK, Yuen VWH, Chui NNQ, Ng IOL, Wong CM, Wong CCL. Adaptive and Constitutive Activations of Malic Enzymes Confer Liver Cancer Multilayered Protection Against Reactive Oxygen Species. Hepatology 2021; 74:776-796. [PMID: 33619771 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS HCC undergoes active metabolic reprogramming. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are excessively generated in cancer cells and are neutralized by NADPH. Malic enzymes (MEs) are the less studied NADPH producers in cancer. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that ME1, but not ME3, was regulated by the typical oxidative stress response pathway mediated by kelch-like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2). Surprisingly, ME3 was constitutively induced by superenhancers. Disruption of any ME regulatory pathways decelerated HCC progression and sensitized HCC to sorafenib. Therapeutically, simultaneous blockade of NRF2 and a superenhancer complex completely impeded HCC growth. We show that superenhancers allow cancer cells to counteract the intrinsically high level of ROS through constitutively activating ME3 expression. When HCC cells encounter further episodes of ROS insult, NRF2 allows cancer cells to adapt by transcriptionally activating ME1. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the complementary regulatory mechanisms which control MEs and provide cancer cells multiple layers of defense against oxidative stress. Targeting both regulatory mechanisms represents a potential therapeutic approach for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Lee
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Misty Shuo Zhang
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Felice Ho-Ching Tsang
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Macus Hao-Ran Bao
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Iris Ming-Jing Xu
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Robin Kit-Ho Lai
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - David Kung-Chun Chiu
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Aki Pui-Wah Tse
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Cheuk-Ting Law
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Cerise Yuen-Ki Chan
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Vincent Wai-Hin Yuen
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Noreen Nog-Qin Chui
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver ResearchThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Chun-Ming Wong
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver ResearchThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Carmen Chak-Lui Wong
- Department of PathologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver ResearchThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
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17
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Ying M, You D, Zhu X, Cai L, Zeng S, Hu X. Lactate and glutamine support NADPH generation in cancer cells under glucose deprived conditions. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102065. [PMID: 34293554 PMCID: PMC8321918 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although glucose, through pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), is the main source to generate NADPH, solid tumors are often deprived of glucose, hence alternative metabolic pathways to maintain NADPH homeostasis in cancer cells are required. Here, we report that lactate and glutamine support NADPH production via isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and malic enzyme 1 (ME1), respectively, under glucose-deprived conditions. Isotopic tracing demonstrates that lactate participates in the formation of isocitrate. Malate derived from glutamine in mitochondria shuttles to cytosol to produce NADPH. In cells cultured in the absence of glucose, knockout of IDH1 and ME1 decreases NADPH/NADP+ and GSH/GSSG, increases ROS level and facilitates cell necrosis. In 4T1 murine breast tumors, knockout of ME1 retards tumor growth in vivo, with combined ME1/IDH1 knockout more strongly suppressing tumor growth. Our findings reveal two alternative NADPH-producing pathways that cancer cells use to resist glucose starvation, reflecting the metabolic plasticity and flexibility of cancer cells adapting to nutrition stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfeng Ying
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Duo You
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Limeng Cai
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siying Zeng
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Ferns GA, Qujeq D, Andevari AN, Sabahi Z, Moein S. Signaling, metabolism, and cancer: An important relationship for therapeutic intervention. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5512-5532. [PMID: 33580511 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In cancerous cells, significant changes occur in the activity of signaling pathways affecting a wide range of cellular activities ranging from growth and proliferation to apoptosis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Extensive changes also happen with respect to the metabolism of a cancerous cell encompassing a wide range of functions that include: nutrient acquisition, biosynthesis of macromolecules, and energy generation. These changes are important and some therapeutic approaches for treating cancers have focused on targeting the metabolism of cancerous cells. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have a significant effect on the metabolism of cells. There appears to be a close interaction between metabolism and the signaling pathways in a cancerous cell, in which the interaction provides the metabolic needs of a cancerous cell for uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and metastasis. In this review, we have reviewed the latest findings in this regard and briefly review the most recent research findings regarding targeting the metabolism of cancer cells as a therapeutic approach for treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Nosrati Andevari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Sabahi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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19
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Simmen FA, Alhallak I, Simmen RCM. Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) in the biology of cancer: it is not just intermediary metabolism. J Mol Endocrinol 2020; 65:R77-R90. [PMID: 33064660 PMCID: PMC7577320 DOI: 10.1530/jme-20-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a cytosolic protein that catalyzes the conversion of malate to pyruvate while concomitantly generating NADPH from NADP. Early studies identified ME1 as a mediator of intermediary metabolism primarily through its participatory roles in lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis. ME1 was one of the first identified insulin-regulated genes in liver and adipose and is a transcriptional target of thyroxine. Multiple studies have since documented that ME1 is pro-oncogenic in numerous epithelial cancers. In tumor cells, the reduction of ME1 gene expression or the inhibition of its activity resulted in decreases in proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and in vitro migration, and conversely, in promotion of oxidative stress, apoptosis and/or cellular senescence. Here, we integrate recent findings to highlight ME1's role in oncogenesis, provide a rationale for its nexus with metabolic syndrome and diabetes, and raise the prospects of targeting the cytosolic NADPH network to improve therapeutic approaches against multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Simmen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Iad Alhallak
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Rosalia C M Simmen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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20
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NADPH homeostasis in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:231. [PMID: 33028807 PMCID: PMC7542157 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is an essential electron donor in all organisms, and provides the reducing power for anabolic reactions and redox balance. NADPH homeostasis is regulated by varied signaling pathways and several metabolic enzymes that undergo adaptive alteration in cancer cells. The metabolic reprogramming of NADPH renders cancer cells both highly dependent on this metabolic network for antioxidant capacity and more susceptible to oxidative stress. Modulating the unique NADPH homeostasis of cancer cells might be an effective strategy to eliminate these cells. In this review, we summarize the current existing literatures on NADPH homeostasis, including its biological functions, regulatory mechanisms and the corresponding therapeutic interventions in human cancers, providing insights into therapeutic implications of targeting NADPH metabolism and the associated mechanism for cancer therapy.
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21
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Nakashima C, Kirita T, Yamamoto K, Mori S, Luo Y, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Kawahara I, Mori T, Goto K, Kishi S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kuniyasu H. Malic Enzyme 1 Is Associated with Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197149. [PMID: 32998265 PMCID: PMC7582746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Budding at the tumor invasive front has been correlated with the malignant properties of many cancers. Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) promotes the Warburg effect in cancer cells and induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, we investigated the role of ME1 in tumor budding in OSCC. Tumor budding was measured in 96 human OSCCs by immunostaining for an epithelial marker (AE1/AE3), and its expression was compared with that of ME1. A significant correlation was observed between tumor budding and ME1 expression. The correlation increased with the progression of cancer. In human OSCC cells, lactate secretion decreased when lactate fermentation was suppressed by knockdown of ME1 and lactate dehydrogenase A or inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase. Furthermore, the extracellular pH increased, and the EMT phenotype was suppressed. In contrast, when oxidative phosphorylation was suppressed by PDH knockdown, lactate secretion increased, extracellular pH decreased, and the EMT phenotype was promoted. Induction of chemical hypoxia in OSCC cells by CoCl2 treatment resulted in increased ME1 expression along with HIF1α expression and promotion of the EMT phenotype. Hypoxic conditions also increased matrix metalloproteinases expression and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and extracellular pH. Furthermore, the hypoxic treatment resulted in the activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP), which was abolished by ME1 knockdown. These findings suggest that cancer cells at the tumor front in hypoxic environments increase their lactate secretion by switching their energy metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis owing to ME1 overexpression, decrease in extracellular pH, and YAP activation. These alterations enhance EMT and the subsequent tumor budding. Tumor budding and ME1 expression are thus considered useful markers of OSCC malignancy, and ME1 is expected to be a relevant target for molecular therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Aged
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Progression
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glycolysis/genetics
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Malate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Malate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Malate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/antagonists & inhibitors
- Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/genetics
- Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase/genetics
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Symporters/antagonists & inhibitors
- Symporters/genetics
- Symporters/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan;
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-744-22-3051 (T.K. & H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (H.K.)
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (C.N.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (I.K.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.)
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-744-22-3051 (T.K. & H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (H.K.)
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22
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Take Advantage of Glutamine Anaplerosis, the Kernel of the Metabolic Rewiring in Malignant Gliomas. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101370. [PMID: 32993063 PMCID: PMC7599606 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid that plays a key role in the metabolism of proliferating cells including neoplastic cells. In the central nervous system (CNS), glutamine metabolism is particularly relevant, because the glutamine-glutamate cycle is a way of controlling the production of glutamate-derived neurotransmitters by tightly regulating the bioavailability of the amino acids in a neuron-astrocyte metabolic symbiosis-dependent manner. Glutamine-related metabolic adjustments have been reported in several CNS malignancies including malignant gliomas that are considered ‘glutamine addicted’. In these tumors, glutamine becomes an essential amino acid preferentially used in energy and biomass production including glutathione (GSH) generation, which is crucial in oxidative stress control. Therefore, in this review, we will highlight the metabolic remodeling that gliomas undergo, focusing on glutamine metabolism. We will address some therapeutic regimens including novel research attempts to target glutamine metabolism and a brief update of diagnosis strategies that take advantage of this altered profile. A better understanding of malignant glioma cell metabolism will help in the identification of new molecular targets and the design of new therapies.
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23
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Liu C, Cao J, Lin S, Zhao Y, Zhu M, Tao Z, Hu X. Malic Enzyme 1 Indicates Worse Prognosis in Breast Cancer and Promotes Metastasis by Manipulating Reactive Oxygen Species. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8735-8747. [PMID: 32922044 PMCID: PMC7457736 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s256970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) catalyzes malate to pyruvate and thus promotes glycolysis. Its function in breast cancer remains to be fully clarified. The aim of this work was to investigate the prognostic value of ME1 and its possible mechanism in breast cancer. Methods We evaluated ME1 expression in 220 early breast cancer patients with tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry and explored the relationships between ME1 expression and clinicopathological features. Survival analyses were further performed to determine its prognostic value. The public database was used to confirm tissue microarray results. Further, cell proliferation, migration, invasion ability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined in breast cancer cells. Results In breast cancer tissues, high ME1 expression was significantly associated with larger tumor size, higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and higher incidence of lymph-vascular invasion. High ME1 expression significantly correlated with worse recurrence-free survival (RFS), and was an independent prognostic factor for RFS, which was confirmed by mRNA results in the public database. In vitro, upregulation of ME1 by transfecting MCF-7 cells with virus vector remarkably enhanced viability, motility and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and decreased ROS levels, whereas knockdown in MDA-MB-468 cells produced totally opposite effects as expected. When pretreated with oxidizing agent, MCF-7 cells overexpressing ME1 lost its motility, whereas MDA-MB-468 cells with knockdown of ME1 restored its motility when pretreated with antioxidant. Conclusion To our knowledge, these clinical and experiment works first suggested that ME1 may be a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer metastasis, and its biological effect is mainly controlled by manipulating ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuchen Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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24
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Ramesh P, Nagarajan V, Khanchandani V, Desai VK, Niranjan V. Proteomic variations of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma revealed by combining RNA-seq proteogenomics and G-PTM search strategy. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04813. [PMID: 32913912 PMCID: PMC7472856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer that arises from epithelial cells of the esophagus is called esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and is mostly observed in developing nations. Evaluation of cancer genomes and its regulation into proteins plays a predominant role in understanding the cancer progressions. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics is a consequential tool to estimate proteomic variation and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) from standard protein databases. Post-translational modifications play a crucial role in protein folding and PTMs can be accounted for as a biological signal to interpret the structural changes and transition order of proteins. Functional validation of cancer-related mutations can explain the effects of mutations on genes and the identification of Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Therefore, we present a study on protein variations to interpret the structural changes and transition order of proteins in ESCC carcinogenesis. METHODOLOGY We are using a bottom-up proteomics approach with Galaxy-P framework and RNA sequence data analysis to generate the sample-specific databases containing details of RNA splicing and variant peptides. Once the database generated with information on variable modification, only the curated PTMs at specific positions are considered to perform spectral matching. Proteogenomics mapping was performed to identify protein variations in ESCC. RESULTS RNA-sequence proteogenomics with G-PTM (Global Post-Translational Modification) searching strategy has revealed proteomic events including several peptides that contain single amino acid variations, novel splice junction peptides and posttranslationally modified peptides. Proteogenomic mapping exhibited the splice junction peptides mapped predominantly for Malic enzyme exon type (ME-3) and MCM7 protein-coding genes that promote cancer progression, found to be exhibited in ESCC samples. Approximately 25 ± types of PTM modifications were recorded, and Protein Phosphorylation was largely noted. CONCLUSION ESCC cancer prognosis at the molecular level enables a better understanding of cancer carcinogenesis and protein modifications can be used as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Vartika Khanchandani
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasanth Kumar Desai
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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25
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Hou C, Wang X, Du B. lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 promotes the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting miR-363-5p. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:978-984. [PMID: 32742341 PMCID: PMC7388416 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to study the mechanism of the long non-coding (lnc)RNA MCM3AP-AS1 in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Patients with OSCC (n=36) volunteered to join the study, and their tumor/normal tissues were collected. MCM3AP-AS1 and microRNA (miR)-363-5p expression in tissues and cells was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR. Following transfection, a CCK-8 assay and Transwell experiments were conducted to explore the effects of MCM3AP-AS1 on OSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The interaction between MCM3AP-AS1 and miR-363-5p was detected by luciferase reporter gene assay. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated significantly higher MCM3AP-AS1 expression in tumor tissues or OSCC cells compared with normal tissues or human oral keratinocytes cells (P<0.05). A high MCM3AP-AS1 level was associated with poor prognosis in OSCC patients (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared to the small interfering (si)-negative control (NC) group, OSCC cells of si-MCM3AP-AS1 group exhibited markedly lower optical density (at 450 nm) value and relative migration and invasion (P<0.05). miR-363-5p was directly inhibited by MCM3AP-AS1. OSCC cells of si-MCM3AP-AS1 + inhibitor-NC group exhibited clearly lower relative proliferation, migration and invasion compared with cells of si-NC + inhibitor-NC group and si-MCM3AP-AS1 + miR-363-5p inhibitor group (P<0.05). MCM3AP-AS1 promoted OSCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibiting miR-363-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hou
- Department of Stomatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
| | - Bo Du
- Department of Stomatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277100, P.R. China
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26
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Bhardwaj V, He J. Reactive Oxygen Species, Metabolic Plasticity, and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103412. [PMID: 32408513 PMCID: PMC7279373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic abnormality observed in tumors is characterized by the dependence of cancer cells on glycolysis for their energy requirements. Cancer cells also exhibit a high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely due to the alteration of cellular bioenergetics. A highly coordinated interplay between tumor energetics and ROS generates a powerful phenotype that provides the tumor cells with proliferative, antiapoptotic, and overall aggressive characteristics. In this review article, we summarize the literature on how ROS impacts energy metabolism by regulating key metabolic enzymes and how metabolic pathways e.g., glycolysis, PPP, and the TCA cycle reciprocally affect the generation and maintenance of ROS homeostasis. Lastly, we discuss how metabolic adaptation in cancer influences the tumor’s response to chemotherapeutic drugs. Though attempts of targeting tumor energetics have shown promising preclinical outcomes, the clinical benefits are yet to be fully achieved. A better understanding of the interaction between metabolic abnormalities and involvement of ROS under the chemo-induced stress will help develop new strategies and personalized approaches to improve the therapeutic efficiency in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Bhardwaj
- College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Correspondence:
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27
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Serpa J. Metabolic Remodeling as a Way of Adapting to Tumor Microenvironment (TME), a Job of Several Holders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:1-34. [PMID: 32130691 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment depends and generates dependence on all the cells and structures that share the same niche, the biotope. The contemporaneous view of the tumor microenvironment (TME) agrees with this idea. The cells that make up the tumor, whether malignant or not, behave similarly to classes of elements within a living community. These elements inhabit, modify and benefit from all the facilities the microenvironment has to offer and that will contribute to the survival and growth of the tumor and the progression of the disease.The metabolic adaptation to microenvironment is a crucial process conducting to an established tumor able to grow locally, invade and metastasized. The metastatic cancer cells are reasonable more plastic than non-metastatic cancer cells, because the previous ones must survive in the microenvironment where the primary tumor develops and in addition, they must prosper in the microenvironment in the metastasized organ.The metabolic remodeling requires not only the adjustment of metabolic pathways per se but also the readjustment of signaling pathways that will receive and obey to the extracellular instructions, commanding the metabolic adaptation. Many diverse players are pivotal in cancer metabolic fitness from the initial signaling stimuli, going through the activation or repression of genes, until the phenotype display. The new phenotype will permit the import and consumption of organic compounds, useful for energy and biomass production, and the export of metabolic products that are useless or must be secreted for a further recycling or controlled uptake. In the metabolic network, three subsets of players are pivotal: (1) the organic compounds; (2) the transmembrane transporters, and (3) the enzymes.This chapter will present the "Pharaonic" intent of diagraming the interplay between these three elements in an attempt of simplifying and, at the same time, of showing the complex sight of cancer metabolism, addressing the orchestrating role of microenvironment and highlighting the influence of non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
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28
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Mihara Y, Akiba J, Ogasawara S, Kondo R, Fukushima H, Itadani H, Obara H, Kakuma T, Kusano H, Naito Y, Okuda K, Nakashima O, Yano H. Malic enzyme 1 is a potential marker of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma, subtype with stem-cell features, intermediate-cell type. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:1066-1075. [PMID: 31077496 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma, subtype with stem-cell features, intermediate-cell subtype (INT) shows various histological appearances and could be misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). In the present study, we aimed to identify specific histological diagnostic markers of INT. METHODS We extracted RNA from FFPE sections of six INT, five iCCA, and five hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases and compared gene expression between INT, iCCA, and HCC by microarray analysis. We then undertook immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of potential key molecules identified by microarray analysis, the conventional hepatocytic marker, hepatocyte paraffin (HepPar)-1, and the cholangiocytic markers, keratin (K) 7 and K19, on 35 INT, 25 iCCA, and 60 HCC cases. RESULTS Microarray analysis suggested that malic enzyme 1 (ME1) was significantly upregulated in INT. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the positive rates of ME1 in INT, iCCA, and HCC were 77.1% (27/35), 28.0% (7/25), and 61.7% (37/60), respectively. Analysis of classification and regression trees based on IHC scores indicated that HepPar-1 could be a good candidate for discriminating HCC from the others with high sensitivity (93.3%) and high specificity (96.7%). A multiple logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis based on the IHC scores of ME1, K7, and K19 generated a composite score that can discriminate between INT and iCCA. Using this composite score, INT could be discriminated from iCCA with high sensitivity (88.6%) and high specificity (88.0%). CONCLUSIONS We propose that ME1 is a useful diagnostic marker of INT when used in combination with other hepatocytic and cholangiocytic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Mihara
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ogasawara
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Reiichiro Kondo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroto Fukushima
- Discovery and Preclinical Research Division, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiraku Itadani
- Discovery and Preclinical Research Division, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Obara
- Department of Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kakuma
- Department of Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hironori Kusano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Naito
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koji Okuda
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Osamu Nakashima
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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29
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Targeting Cellular Metabolism Modulates Head and Neck Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163960. [PMID: 31416244 PMCID: PMC6721038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the great energy and biomass demand for cell survival, cancer cells exhibit unique metabolic signatures compared to normal cells. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide. Recent findings have shown that environmental challenges, as well as intrinsic metabolic manipulations, could modulate HNSCC experimentally and serve as clinic prognostic indicators, suggesting that a better understanding of dynamic metabolic changes during HNSCC development could be of great benefit for developing adjuvant anti-cancer schemes other than conventional therapies. However, the following questions are still poorly understood: (i) how does metabolic reprogramming occur during HNSCC development? (ii) how does the tumorous milieu contribute to HNSCC tumourigenesis? and (iii) at the molecular level, how do various metabolic cues interact with each other to control the oncogenicity and therapeutic sensitivity of HNSCC? In this review article, the regulatory roles of different metabolic pathways in HNSCC and its microenvironment in controlling the malignancy are therefore discussed in the hope of providing a systemic overview regarding what we knew and how cancer metabolism could be translated for the development of anti-cancer therapeutic reagents.
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Shi Y, Zhou S, Wang P, Guo Y, Xie B, Ding S. Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a potential oncogene in gastric cancer cells and is associated with poor survival of gastric cancer patients. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5589-5599. [PMID: 31371996 PMCID: PMC6628973 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. However, the mechanisms associated with this disease are still not clear. Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a metabolic enzyme that is overexpressed in various cancers. Here, we examined whether it is involved in gastric cancer. Methods ME1 expression was knocked down in the gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. Cell growth and migration were measured using a real-time microelectronic cell sensor system. Cell invasion was measured using a Transwell assay. Cell cycle analysis was also performed to examine cell cycle arrest. A gastric cancer tissue microarray of gastric cancer was stained using immunohistochemistry. ME1 expression levels were also statistically analysed. Results ME1 knockdown in gastric cancer SGC7901 cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Cell cycle arrest was induced in the G2 phase. Further, ME1 expression was significantly correlated with gastric cancer patient prognosis based on both univariable and multivariable survival analysis. No significant difference was found between ME1 expression in gastric cancer tissues and that in adjacent tissues. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that ME1 is a key factor for gastric cancer. ME1 might be pro-oncogenic during both the development and migration of gastric cancer; it also might be related to gastric cancer patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Shi
- Peking University Third Hospital, Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Siliang Zhou
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Wang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Peking University Third Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingteng Xie
- Peking University Third Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Peking University Third Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Liang Y, Batistel F, Parys C, Loor JJ. Glutathione metabolism and nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2)-related proteins in adipose tissue are altered by supply of ethyl-cellulose rumen-protected methionine in peripartal Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5530-5541. [PMID: 30954259 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing the supply of rumen-protected Met (RPM) during the peripartum period alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress status in dairy cows. We tested the hypothesis that RPM could increase abundance of genes and proteins related to glutathione (GSH) metabolism and the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2) in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Multiparous Holstein cows were fed a basal diet [control prepartum diet = 1.47 Mcal/kg of dry matter (DM) and 15.3% crude protein; control postpartum diet = 1.67 Mcal/kg of DM and 17.7% crude protein] or the control plus ethyl-cellulose RPM at a rate of 0.09 and 0.10% of DM intake before expected calving and after calving, respectively. Sixty cows were assigned to treatments based on parity, previous 305-d milk yield, and body condition score at 28 d from parturition. Diets were fed from -28 to 30 d. Biopsies of subcutaneous adipose tissue collected on d -10, 10, and 30 relative to parturition from 7 cows in each group were used for measuring concentrations of GSH, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and mRNA and protein abundance (Western blotting). A repeated-measures ANOVA was used for statistics. The statistical model included the random effect of block and fixed effects of treatment, time, and its interaction. There was a diet × time effect for reactive oxygen species due to lower concentrations in Met versus control cows specifically at d -10. Cows fed Met also had lower concentrations of malondialdehyde in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Compared with controls, overall mRNA abundance of the GSH metabolism-related genes cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), glutathione reductase (GSR), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) was greater in cows fed Met. Furthermore, supply of Met resulted in an overall upregulation of protein abundance of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 1, GPX3, glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), and glutathione S-transferase α 4 (GSTA4), all related to GSH metabolism. There was a diet × time effect for protein abundance of NFE2L2 and its repressor Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1) due to lower values at 30 d in cows fed Met versus controls. The abundance of phosphorylated NFE2L2 was lower at 30 d in response to Met. Overall, the data suggest that exogenous Met may play a role in activating GSH metabolism and the antioxidant NFE2L2 pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - F Batistel
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan 84322
| | - C Parys
- Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Fang M, Liu S, Zhou Y, Deng Y, Yin Q, Hu L, Ouyang X, Hou Y, Chen C. Circular RNA involved in the protective effect of losartan on ischemia and reperfusion induced acute kidney injury in rat model. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:1129-1144. [PMID: 30899412 PMCID: PMC6413261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although losartan has inhibitory effects on acute kidney injury (AKI), the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained largely unclear. The expressional alteration of circular RNAs (circRNAs) was investigated in the present study to understand the therapeutic effects of losartan against AKI. AKI rat models were established by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) treatment. Urea and creatinine levels were determined and histological features of kidney tissues examined following hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cell apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL. CircRNA profiles were obtained by RNA-Seq followed by Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Expression of circRNAs was validated by quantitative RT-PCR. I/R treatment induced an increase in plasma urea and creatinine levels, abnormal kidney tubular structure, and cell apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which were effectively inhibited by pre-treatment with losartan. Further RNA-Seq analysis revealed a wide range of differentially expressed circRNAs in I/R rat kidneys, which were reversed by losartan pre-treatment. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the circRNAs are associated with various biological processes, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Specifically, circ-Dnmt3a, circ-Akt3, circ-Plekha7, and circ-Me1 were down-regulated in AKI rats and restored by losartan. The current study provides an overview of circRNAs expression profiles based on the inhibitory effects of losartan in ischemic AKI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxian Fang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yanhe Zhou
- Forevergen Biosciences CenterGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yujun Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi Yin
- Forevergen Biosciences CenterGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Linhui Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xin Ouyang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yating Hou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
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Matsushima-Otsuka S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Sasaki T, Ohmori H, Nakashima C, Kishi S, Nishiguchi Y, Fujii K, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Significance of intranuclear angiotensin-II type 2 receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36561-36574. [PMID: 30564297 PMCID: PMC6290968 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is implicated in the maintenance of blood pressure and in many other biological processes including tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Angiotensin-II (A-II) type 2 receptor (AGTR2) seems to be involved in different types of cancer; its role, however, is still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of RAS, and specifically that of AGTR2, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression. AGTR2 has opposite effect on vasodilation and blood pressure compared to AGTR1. In 23 OSCCs, we found that the AGTR1/AGTR2 mRNA ratio was inversely associated with disease progression, while nuclear AGTR2 positivity was associated with disease progression. In the human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HSC4, AGTR1 was associated with proliferation and invasion, while AGTR2 was associated with anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress. Levels of nuclear AGTR2 confirmed by subcellular fractionation increased in hypoxic and hyperglycemic conditions, in which apoptosis and oxidative stress were suppressed and the redox status altered to reduction. Accumulation of nuclear AGTR2 by inhibition of extranuclear transportation decreased apoptosis and increased proliferation and invasion in HSC3 cells. Intratumoral angiotensin-II (but not serum angiotensin-II) levels were associated with stage and nuclear AGTR2 positivity. In OSCC cell lines, intracellular angiotensin-II was produced by themselves. Notably, losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker, inhibited intracellular angiotensin-II production and AGTR2 nuclear localization to enhance the antitumoral effect of 5-FU in an OSCC tumor model. While the precise role of nuclear AGTR2 requires further examination, these data suggest that the intracellular angiotensin system might be a significant target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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Kurihara-Shimomura M, Sasahira T, Nakashima C, Kuniyasu H, Shimomura H, Kirita T. The Multifarious Functions of Pyruvate Kinase M2 in Oral Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102907. [PMID: 30257458 PMCID: PMC6213602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), are the sixth most common malignancies worldwide. OSCC frequently leads to oral dysfunction, which worsens a patient’s quality of life. Moreover, its prognosis remains poor. Unlike normal cells, tumor cells preferentially metabolize glucose by aerobic glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase (PK) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, and the transition from PKM1 to PKM2 is observed in many cancer cells. However, little is known about PKM expression and function in OSCC. In this study, we investigated the expression of PKM in OSCC specimens and performed a functional analysis of human OSCC cells. We found that the PKM2/PKM1 ratio was higher in OSCC cells than in adjacent normal mucosal cells and in samples obtained from dysplasia patients. Furthermore, PKM2 expression was strongly correlated with OSCC tumor progression on immunohistochemistry. PKM2 expression was higher during cell growth, invasion, and apoptosis in HSC3 cells, which show a high energy flow and whose metabolism depends on aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. PKM2 expression was also associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and integration of glutamine into lactate. Our results suggested that PKM2 has a variety of tumor progressive functions in OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Kurihara-Shimomura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Sasahira
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Shimomura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
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Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082413. [PMID: 30115834 PMCID: PMC6121568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC's molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators.
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Nakashima C, Yamamoto K, Fujiwara‐Tani R, Luo Y, Matsushima S, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Sasahira T, Sasaki T, Kitadai Y, Kirita T, Kuniyasu H. Expression of cytosolic malic enzyme (ME1) is associated with disease progression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2036-2045. [PMID: 29601126 PMCID: PMC5989842 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a multifunctional protein involved in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, NADPH production, glutamine metabolism, and lipogenesis. It is overexpressed in various cancers. We examined the expression of ME1 in 119 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) using immunohistochemistry. Malic enzyme 1 expression was moderate to strong in 57 (48%) OSCCs and correlated with pT, pN, clinical stage, and histological grade. In 37 cases with prognostic evaluation, moderate to strong ME1 expression indicated a worse prognosis than did weak ME1 expression. Malic enzyme 1 knockdown or inactivation by lanthanide inhibited cell proliferation and motility and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HSC3 human OSCC cells. Knockdown of ME1 also shifted energy metabolism from aerobic glycolysis and lactate fermentation to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and the redox status from reductive to oxidative. In a mouse tumor model, lanthanide suppressed tumor growth and increased survival time. These findings reveal that ME1 is a valid target for molecular therapy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | | | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Sayako Matsushima
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Tomonori Sasahira
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Kitadai
- Department of Health and SciencePrefectural University of HiroshimaHiroshimaJapan
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
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