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Wilkinson K, Berry V, Lloyd J, Marks G, Lang I. Understanding Knowledge Mobilisation between Community Champions and Parents: Evidence from a Community-Based Programme to Support Parents with Young Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:901. [PMID: 39201836 PMCID: PMC11352470 DOI: 10.3390/children11080901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community champions have been employed across various settings to disseminate evidence-based public health information. The Building Babies' Brains programme trains champions to work with parents in communities, equipping them with child development knowledge and parental engagement strategies. We explored what makes community champions effective in distributing information to parents, including how the champion-parent relationship and champions' personal characteristics affect information dissemination. METHODS Champions included both peers and professionals working with parents in target communities. We administered an online survey (n = 53) and follow-up interviews (n = 14) with champions, with representation from across all training cohorts. We conducted a realist-informed reflexive thematic analysis to generate themes in the data and highlight the contexts, mechanisms, and outcome patterns identified. RESULTS We observed 15 Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations across five themes: information sharing opportunities, information relevance, the nature of the champion-parent relationship, interaction expectations, and champion confidence. Our programme theory for how the community champion approach works identified that peer champions focused more on building rapport, modelling behaviours, and being a trusted community resource than direct information transfer. Professional champions, in contrast, showed greater expertise and confidence in discussing parenting practices directly. For both groups, traits such as friendliness and the ability to establish a trusting relationship enhanced effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS This research identifies the impacts of champion role, characteristics, and the champion-parent relationship on the effectiveness of knowledge mobilisation in this context, with implications for training and recruitment of champions. Those using a champion model in comparable settings should ensure that champions have the necessary knowledge, skills, and confidence to engage parents and share information effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kath Wilkinson
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.B.); (J.L.); (I.L.)
| | - Vashti Berry
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.B.); (J.L.); (I.L.)
| | - Jenny Lloyd
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.B.); (J.L.); (I.L.)
| | - Georgina Marks
- Action for Children, Chestnut Family Hub, Exeter EX2 6DJ, UK;
| | - Iain Lang
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke’s Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.B.); (J.L.); (I.L.)
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Berry C, Phelan E, Michelson D. " Weird duality": learning from the experiences of students in university peer support roles during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37856416 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2253921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To explore university student peer supporter experiences in the pandemic context and with a specific focus on student mental health. Participants: The sample comprised 13 students from various peer support programs, providing academic, social and/or emotional support at a South-East England university. Methods: A two-phase qualitative design involved individual interviews and focus groups, followed by participant validation with a subset of participants. Results: Peer supporters identified an increased need peri-pandemic for mental health support. The accessibility was aided by students perceiving peer supporters to be approachable, but was undermined by concerns about peers' credibility. Supporter-supportee relationships were characterized by intimacy and mutuality, which were seen as conducive to authenticity, but caused challenges with respect to boundaries. Conclusions: Peer support is a complex activity, characterized by a sense of multiplicity and mutuality. Responsive supervision and dedicated training are necessary to manage these complexities amidst elevated student mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Berry
- Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Emma Phelan
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Mancini VO, Takeda R, Nagar A, Robison BWS. "Connection, community and convenience": A case study of a Facebook group for fathers navigating parenthood. Health Promot J Austr 2023; 34:702-713. [PMID: 37026394 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUES ADDRESSED Fathers remain less likely to participate in parenting interventions which can limit their ability to receive support and build their parenting capacity. The advent of social media has engendered novel opportunities for fathers to connect with, and support, one another in the form of online peer support. Growth of these online communities exemplifies the demand from fathers to relate to other fathers who are navigating parenthood. However, the benefits of membership to these communities remain unclear. This study evaluated the perceived benefits of members of an online father-to-father, community-created and moderated Facebook group designed for Australian fathers in both rural and metropolitan regions. METHODS One-hundred and forty-five Australian fathers (aged 23-72 years) who were members of the same online fathering community completed an online survey where they qualitatively described their experiences as members of this community. RESULTS Content analysis of open-ended survey questions revealed that fathers identified a series of unique and important personal and familial benefits, which were largely attributed to their ability to connect with fellow fathers. Specifically, the opportunity to have convenient access to a safe space for fathers to connect was highly valued, providing fathers with opportunities to support, discuss and normalise parenting experiences. CONCLUSIONS Online father-to-father connection is a highly valued resource for fathers who are navigating parenthood. SO WHAT?: Online, community-led groups for fathers contribute to perceptions of genuineness and ownership by its members and provide a unique opportunity to connect and seek support for parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent O Mancini
- Human Development and Community Wellbeing, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Fathering Project, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan Takeda
- Human Development and Community Wellbeing, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anjali Nagar
- Human Development and Community Wellbeing, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bruce W S Robison
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Fathering Project, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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McDonald B, Lester KJ, Michelson D. 'She didn't know how to go back': School attendance problems in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic-A multiple stakeholder qualitative study with parents and professionals. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 93:386-401. [PMID: 36345270 PMCID: PMC10099830 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in school closures worldwide and unexcused absences have increased since schools reopened. AIMS Drawing on multiple stakeholders' perspectives, we aimed to (i) develop a detailed understanding of how school attendance problems (SAPs) have manifested for primary school-aged children in the context of COVID-19; and (ii) identify promising community-based intervention strategies. METHODS We used a qualitative design with two sequential phases of data collection. Phase 1 involved insight generation using qualitative surveys with parents and professionals working in primary education settings. These results were used to guide in-depth stakeholder interviews in Phase 2. SAMPLE Phase 1 included 29 parents of primary-school children experiencing SAPs and 19 professionals. Phase 2 included 10 parents and 12 professionals. Parents were recruited through social media; professionals were identified through schools and associated networks in Southern England. RESULTS Attendance was particularly challenging for children with special educational needs and pre-existing anxiety problems. Compounding factors included COVID-related anxiety, difficulties adapting to new school routines, poor home-school communication and collaboration, and concerns about academic catch-up. Effective support was characterized by schools and families working closely together. Recommendations for practice improvements centred on early intervention, re-building parent-school relationships, peer support for parents, and improving special educational provision. CONCLUSION New interventions for SAPs must be sensitive to the ongoing COVID-19 context. Help should be easily accessible in the community and address modifiable risk and protective factors for individual children, in family systems, and at the home-school interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Michelson
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SussexBrightonUK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Protocol for the Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial of Being a Parent- Enjoying Family Life (BAP-EFL): A peer-led group intervention for parents and caregivers with significant emotional and interpersonal difficulties. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 124:107014. [PMID: 36410690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.107014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Group-format parenting interventions are well-established at reducing challenging child behavior and risk for psychopathology. However, there is significantly less evidence about the performance of these interventions for parents with significant emotional and interpersonal difficulties, including personality disorder. This protocol presents the rationale and design of a two-arm parallel group feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial and nested process evaluation of Being a Parent (BaP)- Enjoying Family Life, a novel peer-led intervention. The trial compares BaP-Enjoying Family Life to the well-established Empowering Parents Empowering Communities-Being a Parent (EPEC-Being a Parent) in a sample of parents who experience significant emotional and interpersonal difficulties and who are concerned about their child's, aged 2-11 years, behavior. 72 parents will be recruited and randomised to receive either BaP-Enjoying Family Life or EPEC-Being a Parent group-format interventions. The primary aim of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of BaP-Enjoying Family Life and the proposed trial methods. Secondary clinical outcomes include child behavioral difficulties, parenting, parental reflective function, parent wellbeing, satisfaction and self-efficacy. An observational assessment of parent and index child will also assess changes in the home environment. Outcome measures will be collected pre-intervention, post-intervention and at 6-month follow up. A parallel process evaluation will use qualitative data from interviews to assess parents' experience of the intervention delivery and trial methods. Findings will be evaluated against pre-determined feasibility criteria. The results will be used to determine the planning of a definitive clinical trial. The wider methodological and clinical implications are also discussed.
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Law KH, Jackson B, Tan XH, Teague S, Krause A, Putter K, Du’cane M, Gibson L, Bulles KF, Barkin J, Dimmock JA. Strengthening Peer Mentoring Relationships for New Mothers: A Qualitative Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206009. [PMID: 36294330 PMCID: PMC9605247 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The transition to motherhood can be challenging, especially for first-time mothers, and can accompany maternal distress. Social support—such as that offered by peers—can be important in assisting mothers to manage such distress. Although primiparous mothers often seek out and value peer support programs, few researchers have investigated factors that may influence the strength of relationships in non-professional maternal peer support programs. Insight into these factors can be key to enhancing the success of future peer support interventions. (2) Methods: Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to data gathered from 36 semi-structured interviews conducted with 14 primiparous mothers and 17 peer mentors in a peer support program. (3) Results: Four themes related to successful mentorship were identified: expectations of peer relationship, independence of peer mentor, contact, and similarities. (4) Conclusions: For primiparous mothers who are developing their support network, these factors appear important for promoting close and effective peer support relationships. Interventions that harness the dynamics between these factors may contribute to more successful peer support relationships and mental health outcomes for participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Hong Law
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ben Jackson
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xuan Hui Tan
- Cairnmillar Institute, Hawthorn East, VIC 3123, Australia
| | - Samantha Teague
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Amanda Krause
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kaila Putter
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Monique Du’cane
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Lisa Gibson
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | | | - James A. Dimmock
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Day C, Harwood J, Kendall N, Nicoll J. Impact of a peer-led, community-based parenting programme delivered at a national scale: an uncontrolled cohort design with benchmarking. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1377. [PMID: 35850876 PMCID: PMC9295349 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Childhood behavioural problems are the most common mental health disorder worldwide and represent a major public health concern, particularly in socially disadvantaged communities. Treatment barriers mean that up to 70% of children do not receive recommended parenting interventions. Innovative approaches, including evidence-based peer-led models, such as Empowering Parents Empowering Communities’ (EPEC) Being a Parent (BAP) programme, have the potential to reduce childhood difficulties and improve parenting if replicable and successfully delivered at scale. Method This real-world quasi-experimental study, with embedded RCT benchmarking, examined the population reach, attendance, acceptability and outcomes of 128 BAP groups (n = 930 parents) delivered by 15 newly established sites participating in a UK EPEC scaling programme. Results Scaling programme (SP) sites successfully reached parents living in areas of greater social deprivation (n = 476, 75.3%), experiencing significant disadvantage (45.0% left school by 16; 39.9% lived in rental accommodation; 36.9% lone parents). The only benchmarked demographic difference was ethnicity, reflecting the greater proportion of White British parents living in scaling site areas (SP 67.9%; RCT 22.4%). Benchmark comparisons showed scaling sites’ parent group leaders achieved similar levels of satisfaction. Scaling site parent participants reported substantial levels of improvement in child concerns (ES 0.6), parenting (ES 0.9), parenting goals (ES 1.2) and parent wellbeing (ES 0.6) that were of similar magnitude to RCT benchmarked results. Though large, parents reported lower levels of parenting knowledge and confidence acquisition compared with the RCT benchmark. Conclusion Despite common methodological limitations associated with real-world scaling evaluations, findings suggest that this peer-led, community-based, parenting approach may be capable of successful replication at scale and may have considerable potential to improve child and parenting difficulties, particularly for socially disadvantaged populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13691-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crispin Day
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Michael Rutter Centre, De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.
| | | | - Nadine Kendall
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jo Nicoll
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Michael Rutter Centre, De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
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Sanders MR, Divan G, Singhal M, Turner KMT, Velleman R, Michelson D, Patel V. Scaling Up Parenting Interventions is Critical for Attaining the Sustainable Development Goals. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:941-952. [PMID: 33948778 PMCID: PMC8096135 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Of all the potentially modifiable influences affecting children's development and mental health across the life course, none is more important than the quality of parenting and family life. In this position paper, we argue that parenting is fundamentally linked to the development of life skills that children need in order to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We discuss key principles that should inform the development of a global research and implementation agenda related to scaling up evidence-based parenting support programs. Research over the past 50 years has shown that parenting support programs of varied intensity and delivery modality can improve a wide range of developmental, emotional, behavioral and health outcomes for parents and their children. Such findings have been replicated across culturally and socioeconomically diverse samples, albeit primarily in studies from Western countries. We highlight the evidence for the relevance of parenting interventions for attaining the SDGs globally, and identify the barriers to and strategies for achieving their scale-up. The implications of the global COVID-19 pandemic for the delivery of evidence-based parenting support are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Sanders
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | | | - Meghna Singhal
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- , Goa & New Delhi, Sangath, India
| | - Karen M T Turner
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Richard Velleman
- , Goa & New Delhi, Sangath, India
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | | | - Vikram Patel
- , Goa & New Delhi, Sangath, India
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Bradley C, Day C, Penney C, Michelson D. 'Every day is hard, being outside, but you have to do it for your child': Mixed-methods formative evaluation of a peer-led parenting intervention for homeless families. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 25:860-876. [PMID: 32475147 DOI: 10.1177/1359104520926247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a mixed-methods, formative evaluation of a peer-led parenting intervention for homeless families. Participants were parents living in temporary accommodation with self-identified difficulties related to parenting an index child aged 2-11 years. An evidence-based programme ('Empowering Parents, Empowering Communities') was adapted for delivery with the target population in London, UK. We assessed feasibility in terms of session attendance rate, intervention completion rate and potential for impact on a range of parent-reported outcomes measures. Acceptability and appropriateness were examined by a user satisfaction measure and qualitative interviews. The intervention was delivered across three group cohorts (N = 15). Thirteen parents completed the programme (including one parent who required two attempts). We found improvements in child behavioural difficulties, parenting knowledge and practices, while parental well-being and social support were unchanged. Participants were highly satisfied overall, with indications that the peer-led model mitigated negative expectancies of services and normalized experiences of parenting in challenging conditions. Parental self-care and 'the good enough parent' were strongly endorsed topics, although some content (e.g. timeout) was deemed impractical. These promising findings warrant further testing under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Crispin Day
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Caroline Penney
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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Shorey S, Ng ED. Evaluation of a Technology-Based Peer-Support Intervention Program for Preventing Postnatal Depression (Part 2): Qualitative Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e12915. [PMID: 31469080 PMCID: PMC6740164 DOI: 10.2196/12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social support is known to reduce risks of postnatal depression (PND) and improve maternal emotional well-being. However, the Asian cultural context is often neglected when appraising maternal needs and mothers’ preferences for social support. While many preventive efforts have experimented with technology, professionals, and paraprofessionals in providing social support to mothers in need, most studies determined the effectiveness of their interventions through quantitative measurements of maternal outcomes. Experiences and feedback from both participants and administrators are rarely discussed, especially in an Asian setting. Objective The goal of the research was to evaluate the postnatal experiences of Asian mothers at risk of PND and the perceptions of peer volunteers regarding a technology-based peer-support intervention program (PIP). Methods A qualitative semistructured interview was conducted with 20 Asian mothers at risk of depression (10 from the control group and 10 from the intervention group) and 19 peer volunteers from a randomized controlled trial. The PIP included weekly correspondence between peer volunteers and mothers through any telecommunication means over 4 weeks. All interviews were approximately 30 to 60 minutes long, audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Study findings were reported according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials checklist. Results Two overarching themes comprising five subthemes were generated: postnatal experience (a bouncy ride, a way forward) and evaluation of the PIP (valuable, flexible, and supportive program; building blocks of a good relationship; and lessons learned and the road ahead). Mothers from both the control and interventions groups were generally satisfied with hospital care and the support received from family. They also shared similar breastfeeding challenges and needs for more informed decisions and follow-up support from the hospital. However, mothers who received the PIP tended to have more positive outlooks of their birth experiences. Overall, peer volunteers and mothers involved in the PIP found the PIP useful and expressed satisfaction with the program’s flexibility. They also shared their personal takeaways, the qualities of their friendships, and the need for extended correspondence time and recommended outreach to non–at-risk mothers. Conclusions The positive endorsement of the PIP by peer volunteers and mothers suggests the success of the PIP in maintaining positive maternal emotional well-being during the postpartum period. With the help of technology, hospitals can easily provide additional peer support to at-risk mothers in addition to existing standard care offered to these mothers. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN14864807; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14864807 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/resprot.9416
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esperanza Debby Ng
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Berry C, Othman E, Tan JC, Gee B, Byrne RE, Hodgekins J, Michelson D, Ng ALO, Marsh NV, Coker S, Fowler D. Assessing social recovery of vulnerable youth in global mental health settings: a pilot study of clinical research tools in Malaysia. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:188. [PMID: 31221136 PMCID: PMC6585120 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A social recovery approach to youth mental health focuses on increasing the time spent in valuable and meaningful structured activities, with a view to preventing enduring mental health problems and social disability. In Malaysia, access to mental health care is particularly limited and little research has focused on identifying young people at risk of serious socially disabling mental health problems such as psychosis. We provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of core social recovery assessment tools in a Malaysian context, comparing the experiential process of engaging young Malaysian participants in social recovery assessments with prior accounts from a UK sample. METHODS Nine vulnerable young people from low-income backgrounds were recruited from a non-government social enterprise and partner organisations in Peninsular Malaysia. Participants completed a battery of social recovery assessment tools (including time use, unusual experiences, self-schematic beliefs and values). Time for completion and completion rates were used as indices of feasibility. Acceptability was examined using qualitative interviews in which participants were asked to reflect on the experience of completing the assessment tools. Following a deductive approach, the themes were examined for fit with previous UK qualitative accounts of social recovery assessments. RESULTS Feasibility was indicated by relatively efficient completion time and high completion rates. Qualitative interviews highlighted the perceived benefits of social recovery assessments, such as providing psychoeducation, aiding in self-reflection and stimulating goal setting, in line with findings from UK youth samples. CONCLUSIONS We provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of social recovery assessment tools in a low-resource context, comparing the experiential process of engaging young Malaysian participants in social recovery assessments with prior accounts from a UK sample. We also suggest that respondents may derive some personal and psychoeducational benefits from participating in assessments (e.g. of their time use and mental health) within a social recovery framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Berry
- School of Psychology, Pevensey I, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QH, UK. .,Research & Development, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex Education Centre, Millview Hospital, Nevill Avenue, Hove, BN3 7HY, UK.
| | - Ellisha Othman
- SOLS HEALTH, SOLS 24/7, 1Petaling Commerz and Residential Condos, #G-8, Jalan, 1C/149, Off Jalan Sungai Besi, Sungai Besi, 57100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jun Chuen Tan
- SOLS HEALTH, SOLS 24/7, 1Petaling Commerz and Residential Condos, #G-8, Jalan, 1C/149, Off Jalan Sungai Besi, Sungai Besi, 57100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Brioney Gee
- 0000 0001 1092 7967grid.8273.eClinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK ,grid.451148.dResearch & Development, Norfolk & Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, 80 St Stephens Road, Norwich, NR1 3RE UK
| | - Rory Edward Byrne
- 0000 0004 0430 6955grid.450837.dPsychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Psychosis Research UnitHarrop House, Prestwich Hospital, Bury New Road, Manchester, M25 3BL UK
| | - Joanne Hodgekins
- 0000 0001 1092 7967grid.8273.eClinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK ,grid.451148.dResearch & Development, Norfolk & Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, 80 St Stephens Road, Norwich, NR1 3RE UK
| | - Daniel Michelson
- 0000 0004 1936 7590grid.12082.39School of Psychology, Pevensey I, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QH UK
| | - Alvin Lai Oon Ng
- SOLS HEALTH, SOLS 24/7, 1Petaling Commerz and Residential Condos, #G-8, Jalan, 1C/149, Off Jalan Sungai Besi, Sungai Besi, 57100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ,grid.430718.9Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nigel V. Marsh
- grid.456586.cDepartment of Psychology, James Cook University, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore, 387380 Singapore
| | - Sian Coker
- SOLS HEALTH, SOLS 24/7, 1Petaling Commerz and Residential Condos, #G-8, Jalan, 1C/149, Off Jalan Sungai Besi, Sungai Besi, 57100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ,0000 0001 1092 7967grid.8273.eClinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK ,grid.430718.9Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - David Fowler
- 0000 0004 1936 7590grid.12082.39School of Psychology, Pevensey I, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QH UK
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Boman Å. Learning by supporting others-experienced parents' development process when supporting other parents with a child with type 1 diabetes. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:e1171-e1178. [PMID: 29266575 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe and analyse coach-parents' development process when supporting parents of children recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). BACKGROUND It has been found repeatedly that providing social support for families with a child diagnosed with T1DM promotes health and well-being for both the child and the parents. Less explored are the processes experienced by those who provide this support. However, research has found that acting as a provider of social support promotes personal development, strengthens communication skills and increases self-confidence. METHODS The study design was based on Constructivist Grounded Theory, and data were collected, through repeated focus-group discussions, from eight coach-parents at a Swedish hospital from 2012-2015. RESULTS The core category in the data was identified as a learning process where coach-parents emphasised their own learning in the dyad supporter-supported, and in the interaction with other parents in the repeated focus-group discussions. The coach-parents' motivation for participation was a wish to learn more and to help other parents in a life-changing situation. They also pointed out hindrances and their frustration when unable to provide support. CONCLUSIONS This study leads to the conclusion that people who provide support benefit from doing so. Encountering people with similar experiences in a supportive situation promotes a reciprocal learning process, based on the supporter's wish to help people in a situation they recognise. A further conclusion is that social support is not only essential initially, but is also important over a longer period and that it follows various life stages. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Setting up repeated focus-group discussions might be a relevant and effective tool for paediatric diabetes nurses to use in promoting health and well-being for both families with a newly diagnosed child and experienced families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åse Boman
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
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Bal MI, Sattoe JNT, van Schaardenburgh NR, Floothuis MCSG, Roebroeck ME, Miedema HS. A vocational rehabilitation intervention for young adults with physical disabilities: participants' perception of beneficial attributes. Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:114-125. [PMID: 27704596 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding and maintaining employment is a major challenge for young adults with physical disabilities and their work participation rate is lower than that of healthy peers. This paper is about a program that supports work participation amongst young adults with chronic physical disabilities. The study aims to explore their experienced barriers and facilitators for finding and maintaining employment after starting this program, the participant-perceived beneficial attributes of the program and participants' recommendations for additional intervention components. METHODS Semi-structured interviews (n = 19) were held with former intervention participations. Interviews were recorded and transcribed ad verbatim. Themes were derived using the phenomenological approach. RESULTS Physical functions and capacities, supervisor's attitude, self-esteem and self-efficacy and openness and assertiveness were experienced barriers and facilitators for finding and maintaining employment. Improvement of self-promoting skills and disclosure skills through job interview-training, increased self-esteem or self-efficacy through peer-support, a suitable job through job placement, improvement of work ability through arrangement of adjusted work conditions and change of supervisor's attitude through education provided to the supervisor were perceived as beneficial attributes of the intervention. Respondents recommended to incorporate assertiveness and openness skills training into future intervention programs. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that programs supporting work participation should be designed to provide challenging, real-world experiential opportunities that provide young adults with physical disabilities with new insights, self-efficacy and life skills. Also, such programs should facilitate context centered learning. Former intervention participants, therefore, evaluated job-interview training, sharing learning and social experiences with peers, job placement, arrangement of adjusted work conditions and education as beneficial attributes of the 'At Work' program. In addition, they recommended, to incorporate more training on assertiveness and disclosure. We advise professionals to include these beneficial attributes in similar interventions in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Bal
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J N T Sattoe
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Health Policy & Management, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - M E Roebroeck
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Rijndam Rehabilitation Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H S Miedema
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van der Ende PC, van Busschbach JT, Nicholson J, Korevaar EL, van Weeghel J. Strategies for parenting by mothers and fathers with a mental illness. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2016; 23:86-97. [PMID: 26868044 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The combination of coping with their mental health problems and caring for children makes parents vulnerable. Family-centred practice can help to maintain and strengthen important family relationships, and to identify and enhance the strengths of a parent with a mental illness, all contributing to the recovery of the person with the mental illness. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO THE EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Taking the strength and the opportunities formulated by parents themselves as a starting point is fairly new. Parents with severe mental illness find strength for parenting in several ways. They feel responsible, and this helps them to stay alert while parenting, whereas parenthood also offers a basis for social participation through school contacts and the child's friendships. Dedication to the parent role provides a focus; parents develop strengths and skills as they find a balance between attending to their own lives and caring for their children; and parenting prompts them to find adequate sources of social support. In this study these strategies were found to be the fundamentals of recovery related to parenting. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nurses can support and coach patients who are identified as parents, and self-chosen parenting related goals are set and addressed. A family-focused approach by nurses can be used to prevent problems for children and their families, identify their strengths as well as vulnerabilities, and address the challenges to build resilience. INTRODUCTION Understanding of the problems of parents with mental illness is growing. Gaining insight into strategies for parenting, while taking the opportunities formulated by these parents themselves as a starting point is fairly new. QUESTION What are the strategies of parents with a mental illness to be successful? METHOD Experiences of 19 mothers and eight fathers with a mental illness were explored with in-depth interviews. Data were content analysed, using qualitative methods. RESULTS Next to feelings of inadequacy, interviewees also describe how children enrich and structure their lives and are not only a burden but serve as distraction from problems. Developing activities that interest both child and parent provides avenues for emerging strength. Mental illness constrains fathers, but also gives opportunities to develop a meaningful relation with their children. DISCUSSION Strategies like being fully dedicated to the parental role, finding a balance between attention for one's own life and parenting and finding adequate sources of support are found to be fundamental for recovery in the parent role. Implications for practice Peer groups can be of valuable help and mental health workers can support parents to set self-chosen parenting related goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C van der Ende
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J T van Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry and Rob Giel Research Centre, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - J Nicholson
- Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - E L Korevaar
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J van Weeghel
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Welfare, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Phrenos Centre of Expertise on Severe Mental Illness, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Research and Development, Dijk en Duin Mental Health Centre, Castricum, The Netherlands
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How to support patients with severe mental illness in their parenting role with children aged over 1 year? A systematic review of interventions. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:1765-83. [PMID: 26091723 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are well-established risks for parents with severe mental illness (i.e. psychotic and bipolar disorders), both for their children and themselves. Interventions to help parents fulfil their role should therefore be a public health objective, but their implementation needs to be underpinned by research evidence. This systematic review determines what is known about the nature and effectiveness of interventions for parents with severe mental illness. METHODS We conducted a narrative synthesis of controlled and uncontrolled studies reporting interventions for this patient group after the post-natal period (i.e. after the child has turned 1 year old). RESULTS Eighteen publications reported data from 15 studies. All but two studies were rated as low quality studies. Interventions included home visiting programmes, complex community programmes, residential treatments, and online interventions. Interventions targeted diverse areas, with parenting skills and understanding the impact of mental illness on parenting most frequently addressed. Both parent and child-related outcomes improved, but children were only assessed via observers and follow-up times were short. CONCLUSIONS Interventions were diverse with respect to their nature and effectiveness. Future interventions should combine different intervention strategies to target multiple areas in a flexible manner. The addition of positively focussed and resource-oriented components should be investigated. Trials should include direct assessments of both parents and children, outcomes that are relevant from a public health perspective, and establish the long-term effects ideally until children have reached 18 years of age.
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