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Zhu J, Xiang S, Li Y. Mothers' Perceived Co-Parenting and Preschooler's Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Maternal Parenting Stress and the Moderating Role of Family Resilience. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:891-904. [PMID: 38476351 PMCID: PMC10929244 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s451870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Problem behaviors in preschoolers signals social adjustment challenges. This study investigates the mediating role of parenting stress in the relationship between co-parenting and these behaviors, and examines how family resilience impacts this dynamic. Methods A detailed survey was conducted with 1279 mothers of 3-6-year-olds in Shanghai, China, focusing on co-parenting, family resilience, parenting stress, and children's behaviors. We employed SPSS 26 for initial tests and the Hayes PROCESS macro in SPSS 23.0 for advanced analysis, using bootstrap methods to assess mediation and moderation effects. Results The analysis revealed that maternal parenting stress mediates the relationship between co-parenting and children's problem behaviors. Specifically, unsupportive co-parenting or low levels of supportive co-parenting heightened maternal stress, which in turn increased children's problem behaviors. Family resilience was found to moderate this relationship, buffering the impact of unsupportive co-parenting on maternal stress. High family resilience levels were associated with lower parenting stress, regardless of co-parenting quality. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of enhancing family resilience and supportive co-parenting to mitigate parenting stress and reduce problem behaviors in children. It has practical implications for developing family-centred interventions and policies to strengthen family resilience and co-parenting skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Xiang
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Liu T, Zhou P, Zuo Z, Fan M, Yang Y. Mediating effects of parent-child dysfunctional interactions in the relationship between parenting distress and social-emotional problems and competencies. Infant Behav Dev 2024; 74:101899. [PMID: 37992457 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the association between parenting distress and four variables of young children's social-emotional problems and competencies: externalizing, internalizing, and dysregulation problems, and social-emotional competencies, and whether parent-child dysfunctional interactions mediated these associations. Participants were Chinese toddlers (N = 711) aged 24-36 months in family (44.3%) and center-based (55.7%) care. The results from structural equation modeling showed that parent-child dysfunctional interactions fully mediated the relationship between parenting distress and externalizing, and dysregulation problems, and social-emotional competencies, while partially mediated in the internalizing problems for both groups. Furthermore, multi-group SEM models showed the direct and indirect pathways differed between two groups. The research concludes that parent-child interaction plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between parenting distress and young children's social-emotional problems and competencies. For families' choice of childcare, this study suggests early center-based services provided for toddlers exposed to family risk characteristics such as parents' poor mental health, and more importantly, low levels of parent-child interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, China; China Research Institute of Care and Education of Infants and Young Children, East China Normal University, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School of Early Childhood Education, Changsha Normal University, China
| | - Zhihong Zuo
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, China; China Research Institute of Care and Education of Infants and Young Children, East China Normal University, China.
| | - Meng Fan
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, China
| | - Yaoxuan Yang
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, China
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Davies PT, Cao VT, Patel MD, Sturge-Apple ML. Why does children's temperamental exuberance increase their vulnerability to externalizing symptoms? A process-oriented approach. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:429-442. [PMID: 36503701 PMCID: PMC10258215 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examined children's exposure to family adversity, hostile reactivity to parental conflict, and negative family representations as mediators of the prospective relation between their temperamental exuberance and externalizing symptoms. Participants included 243 preschool children (Mage = 4.60 years; 56% girls) and parents (48% Black; 16% Latinx) in a multi-method and multi-informant study with three annual measurement occasions. Structural equation model results specifically supported children's hostile reactivity to parental conflict and negative family representations as mediators. Exuberance predicted residualized increases in children's hostile reactivity and negative family representations over a 1-year period. In turn, children's hostile reactivity and negative family representations predicted their greater externalizing symptoms 1 year later after controlling for prior externalizing symptoms. Results are discussed in the context of their relation and refinement of temperamental models of developmental psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Davies
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa T Cao
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Meera D Patel
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Beyond orchids and dandelions: Susceptibility to environmental influences is not bimodal. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:191-203. [PMID: 34711295 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on generality versus specificity of susceptibility of effects of eight family and child-care exposures measured between 3 and 54 months of age (e.g., sensitive parenting, child-care quality) on five child development outcomes assessed at age 4.5 years (e.g. behavior problems, preacademic skill), using data from The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n = 1,364, boys = 705; White = 1,097, Black = 176, other = 91), while applying a novel influence-statistics method. Results indicated that susceptibility across the environment-predictor:child-outcome associations is normally rather than bimodally (i.e., orchid-dandelion) distributed. Analysis of susceptibility documents both domain generality and specificity of developmental plasticity, with effect sizes proving small in the former case. As predicted, children who as infants had difficult temperaments or who scored higher on a polygenic-plasticity score (serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region [5-HTTLPR], dopamine receptor D4 [DRD4], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]) proved somewhat more susceptible to some of the environmental effects investigated. Results lead to the recommendation that two-types-of-individuals vis-a-vis susceptibility to environmental influences be questioned and general-trait conceptions of susceptibility be further investigated.
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Dijk WV, de Moor MHM, Oosterman M, Huizink AC, Matvienko-Sikar K. Longitudinal relations between parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors: Testing within-person changes, bidirectionality and mediating mechanisms. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:942363. [PMID: 36590923 PMCID: PMC9800797 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.942363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parenthood can be experienced as a pleasant but challenging period for parents, possibly accompanied by parenting stress. Early parenthood in particular is a vulnerable period as many parents experience biological and psychosocial changes related to new parenthood. Previous studies have shown that parenting stress is related to child behavior problems, but few studies have investigated the transactional relations across time between parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing outcomes separately, examining within-person changes. The first aim of this study was to examine the transactional within-person associations of parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems across childhood from age 9 months to 9 years. As a second aim, we examined parenting as a possible underlying mechanism of the transactional associations by testing whether parental warmth and hostility mediate within-person associations of parenting stress and child behavior across time. Method Data were analyzed from the Growing Up in Ireland longitudinal child cohort study including 7,208 caregiver-child dyads at wave 1 (child's age 9 months), who were followed at child's age three (wave 2), five (wave 3), and 9 years (wave 5). Primary caregiver's and child's age and gender, household income, occupational status, educational status, partner status, and cultural background were covariates assessed at all waves. Data were analyzed using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) in R-lavaan. Results Bidirectional relations between parenting stress and child behavior were found for both internalizing and externalizing behavior from age 5 to 9, but not for earlier time points. Discussion Our results did not indicate mediating effects of parental warmth or parental hostility in the associations between parenting stress and child behavior problems. Therefore, we conclude that parenting stress and child internalizing as well as parenting stress and child externalizing behaviors have transactional associations from child's age 5 to 9 years. Future research examining transactional associations of parenting stress and child behaviors should investigate possible other mediations taking a within-person approach by utilizing the RI-CLPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willeke Van Dijk
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marleen H. M. de Moor
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Oosterman
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja C. Huizink
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Wang Y, Xiao B, Li Y. Maternal mindfulness and preschool children’s social skills in China: the role of parenting stress and authoritative parenting behaviors. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bjørknes R, Skogen JC, Nærde A, Sandal GM, Haug E, Mæland S, Fadnes LT, Lehmann S. Parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276190. [PMID: 36472999 PMCID: PMC9725124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This two-wave longitudinal study aimed at increasing knowledge about levels of parental stressors and rewards among mothers and fathers of children aged 1-18 during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and infection-control measures have caused changes to family life. Managing homeschooling or caring for younger children while working from home may have posed significant strain on parental stress, negatively impacting the quality of parent-child relationships and parents' sensitivity to their children's needs. METHOD We employed data collected in April 2020 and April 2021 from the longitudinal population-based survey in Bergen/Norway (Bergen in ChangE-study). 7424 parents participated (58.6% mothers and 41.5% fathers). RESULTS The overall levels of parental stressors and rewards did not change significantly. Over the two time points, the factors associated with decreased parental stressors were being male, aged 40-49 years, having a relatively high income, and reporting initial difficulties with closed kindergartens or schools. For parents aged 18-29 years, the level of parental stressors increased. CONCLUSION The study suggests that the overall levels of parental stress remained unchanged during the first year of the pandemic. Even so, the study also uncovered that younger parents represented a vulnerable subgroup. IMPLICATIONS To prevent detrimental consequences in the wake of the pandemic, it could be important to increase awareness and competence among professional staff in kindergartens, primary schools, and child health clinics targeting young parents and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ane Nærde
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice in Bergen, The Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Trumello C, Ballarotto G, Ricciardi P, Paciello M, Marino V, Morelli M, Tambelli R, Babore A. Mothers and fathers of pre-school children: a study on parenting stress and child's emotional-behavioral difficulties. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 36035250 PMCID: PMC9395769 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the differences between maternal and paternal parenting stress and children's behavioral functioning, as determined by teacher and parent reports. In addition, it sought to evaluate the presence of clusters based on parenting stress and to determine whether perceptions of children's behavioral functioning varied across these clusters. The sample was composed of the parents and teachers of N = 201 children. Parents completed a self-report questionnaire on parenting stress and parents and teachers filled out report-form questionnaires assessing children's emotional and behavioral functioning. The results showed that mothers had higher levels of parenting stress than fathers, and both parents reported more prosocial behavior in children than did teachers. Furthermore, middle stressed parents had children who expressed more prosocial behavior than did parents in other clusters. The findings also showed that parenting stress influenced partners' perceptions of children's behavioral functioning. The multiplicity of child observers facilitated a better understanding of how parenting stress, linked to parent-child interactions, may play an important role in shaping parents' perceptions of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Trumello
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Piera Ricciardi
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marinella Paciello
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Marino
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mara Morelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Environmental harshness and unpredictability: Do they affect the same parents and children? Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:667-673. [PMID: 34670639 DOI: 10.1017/s095457942100095x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Differential susceptibility theory stipulates that individuals vary in their susceptibility to environmental effects, often implying that the same individuals differ in the same way in their susceptibility to different environmental exposures. The latter point is addressed herein by evaluating the extent to which early-life harshness and unpredictability affect mother's psychological well-being and parenting, as well as their adolescent's life-history strategy, as reflected in number of sexual partners by age 15 years, drawing on data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Results indicated that mothers whose well-being and parenting proved more susceptible to harshness also proved somewhat more susceptible to environmental unpredictability, with the same being true of adolescent sexual behavior. Nevertheless, findings caution against overgeneralizing sample-level findings to all individuals.
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Two-child mothers’ parenting stress and children’s social competence: a chain mediating model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The Associations of Child’s Clinical Conditions and Behavioral Problems with Parenting Stress among Families of Preschool-Aged Children: 2018–2019 National Survey of Child Health. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020241. [PMID: 35204961 PMCID: PMC8869988 DOI: 10.3390/children9020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To understand parental stress resulting from parenting young children, the current literature has primarily focused on families of children with clinical conditions, but has placed far less attention on the general population. The aim of this study was to examine parenting stress related to children’s clinical conditions and behavioral problems in a nationally representative sample of US children aged 3 to 5 years. The study sample included 8454 children aged 3 to 5 years and their parents who participated in the 2018–2019 US National Survey of Child Health (NSCH). Using online/paper NSCH questionnaires, parents reported their children’s special health care needs (SHCN), clinically diagnosed mental, emotional, developmental, and behavioral (MEDB) problems (e.g., anxiety problem, developmental delay), and externalizing behaviors. Parents also reported the frequency of feeling aggravated from parenting the participating child as an indicator of elevated parenting stress. In the sample, the prevalence of elevated parenting stress was 5.1% overall (95% CI = 4.2, 6.0); however, it was significantly higher among parents of children with SHCN (20.8%; 95% CI = 16.7, 24.9), with MEDB problems (24.8%; 95% CI = 19.9, 29.8), and with externalizing behavior problems (14.7%; 95% CI = 11.8, 17.6). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that elevated parenting stress was associated with the child’s SHCN (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.3; 1.3, 3.9), MEDB problems (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI = 2.5, 9.1), and externalizing behavior problems (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI = 3.1, 9.4). Even in children without SHCN or MEDB problems, externalizing behavior problems were associated with elevated parenting stress (AOR = 6.4; 95% CI = 3.3, 12.7). The findings call for greater attention to subclinical or yet to be diagnosed externalizing behavior problems among the general preschool-aged child population and their underestimated impact on parenting stress.
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Guo X, Hua H, Xu J, Liu Z. Associations of childhood unintentional injuries with maternal emotional status during COVID-19. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:422. [PMID: 34560850 PMCID: PMC8460849 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the characteristics of unintentional childhood-injury during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the association of unintentional-injury with maternal emotional status. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 1300 children under 12-years-old from 21 schools (including nurseries/ kindergartens/ primary schools) in Wuhan and Shanghai during March to April 2020, and the mothers completed questionnaires online. Self-rating Depression/Anxiety Scales were used to evaluate maternal emotional status, questions on child unintentional-injury were based on the International-Statistical-Classification-of-Diseases-and-Related-Health-Problems-version-10 (ICD-10), and a total of 11 kinds of unintentional injuries were inquired. Information on socio-demographic and family-background factors was also collected. Results The children of 0–4, 5–9, and 10–12 years accounted for 29.2, 55.2 and 15.6%, respectively, the unintentional-injury rates were 10.29, 4.18 and 3.45%, respectively (P < 0.001), and boys had higher rates than girls. The three leading causes included “being struck by/against”, falls and animal bites (traffic-injury accounted for a small proportion). Lower maternal educational, living in suburban/rural (vs. urban) areas, grandparents (vs. mothers) being main caregivers, more child exposure to secondhand smoke, close relatives being suspected/ confirmed COVID-19 cases were associated with a higher risk of child unintentional-injury. After adjusting for related confounders, higher maternal depression levels were associated with a higher risk of unintentional injury. Conclusions The characteristics of unintentional childhood injury were different from those in non-pandemic periods. The main causes, risk factors and the association of unintentional injury with maternal depression deserve attention for development of effective measures for preventing children from unintentional injury during COVID-19 pandemic. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-021-02846-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Guo
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,MOE-Shanghai Key Lab of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hui Hua
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jian Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, No. 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Choe R, Sim YF, Hong CHL, Mohideen S, Nadarajan R, Yap F, Shek LPC, Hsu CYS, Broekman BFP, Ferreira JN. Internalizing problems are associated with oral health-related quality of life in early childhood: Outcomes from an Asian multi-ethnic prospective birth cohort. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256163. [PMID: 34383864 PMCID: PMC8360536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health status ideally warrants for a holistic biopsychosocial approach to health and wellness. Little is known about the impact of behavioral problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children due to the paucity of studies in early childhood, particularly in Asian multi-ethnic populations. This study evaluated the relationship between early child's socioemotional factors and OHRQoL, as well as its association with orofacial pain (OFP) and early childhood caries (ECC) in the Asian GUSTO birth cohort. Mother-child dyads were postnatally assessed at 3 time points. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess the child's socioemotional and behavioral problems at age 4-4.5 years together with other validated questionnaires to evaluate maternal anxiety and depression. ECC detection was performed at age 5, and OHRQoL (primary) and OFP (secondary) outcomes were assessed at age 6 from a total of 555 mother-child dyads. After a univariate regression analysis was performed to identify potential predictors and confounders, a multivariate regression model was run with predisposing factors (CBCL internalization and externalization problems, OFP, ECC) and adjusted for confounders (maternal psychosocial states, maternal education) to determine associations with OHRQoL. Results showed an association between CBCL internalization scores and poorer OHRQoL (RR = 1.03, p = 0.033, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05), although the limited risk ratio may not have a practical applicability in psychosocially healthy children, alike the majority of those evaluated in this cohort. The average OHRQoL overall score among children with OFP was 2.39 times more than those without OFP (OR = 2.39, p < 0.001, 95% CI 2.00 to 2.86). Thus, in early childhood, OFP, and to lesser extent internalizing behaviors, may negatively impact OHRQoL. This study therefore highlights the complex relationship between OHRQoL and its predisposing socioemotional and somatic pain factors, and demands further investigations in clinically relevant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Choe
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Fan Sim
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sameema Mohideen
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ranjani Nadarajan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P.-C. Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Birit F. P. Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
- OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joao N. Ferreira
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Dentistry, Exocrine Gland Biology and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Research Affairs, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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14
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Why do parents use screen media with toddlers? The role of child temperament and parenting stress in early screen use. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 64:101595. [PMID: 34153781 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Considering child characteristics may be an important piece to understanding parental decision-making for children's screen use. The current cross-sectional study examined the mediating role of maternal parenting stress in the relation of child temperament to young children's screen use. Recognizing the multidimensional aspects of temperament, three mediated pathways for three temperament domains (i.e., negative affectivity, surgency, and effortful control) were tested. Mothers of toddlers, 18-36 months (N = 296), completed an online survey, reporting on child temperament, total parenting stress, and child screen use. The results showed that mother-child dynamics were related to toddlers' screen use. Toddlers' negative affectivity and effortful control were each associated with toddlers' screen use through maternal parenting stress. Higher negative affectivity was associated with higher maternal parenting stress, which in turn, was related to greater screen use in toddlers. Toddlers' lower effortful control was related to higher maternal parenting stress, which in turn, was associated with greater screen use. Toddlers' surgency was not related to either maternal parenting stress or toddlers' screen use. The findings from this study contribute to an understanding of media-related parenting in toddlerhood and may help with the development of strategies for supporting healthy media habits in families with young children.
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Delgadillo D, Boparai S, Pressman SD, Goldstein A, Bureau JF, Schmiedel S, Backer M, Broekman B, Hian Tan K, Chong YS, Chen H, Zalta AK, Meaney MJ, Rifkin-Graboi A, Tsotsi S, Borelli JL. Maternal expressions of positive emotion for children predicts children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia surrounding stress. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:1225-1240. [PMID: 33403675 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess whether positive emotional exchanges (i.e., emotion coregulation) within the mother-child dyad play a protective role in children's physiological response to a distressing task. Specifically, we test whether positive emotion coregulation among mothers and their preschool-aged children is associated with children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) at baseline, during, and following a frustration task. One hundred Singaporean mother-child dyads (Mchildage = 3.5 years) participated in a standardized "Laughing Task" in which positive emotional constructs were measured. Children also participated in a frustration task while RSA was continuously monitored. Hierarchical linear regressions revealed that greater maternal positive emotional responses to children were associated with child RSA at baseline and in recovery from frustration, but not during frustration. These findings have implications for the important role that positive emotion responsivity from mothers may play in children's developing autonomic response systems, and underscore the need for longitudinal work on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mumtaz Backer
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Birit Broekman
- VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Kandang Kerbau Women and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helen Chen
- Kandang Kerbau Women and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stella Tsotsi
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Nærde A, Sommer Hukkelberg S. An examination of validity and reliability of the Parental Stress Scale in a population based sample of Norwegian parents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242735. [PMID: 33264325 PMCID: PMC7710163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The parental stress scale (PSS) is a widely used instrument that assesses stress related to child rearing. Even though several studies have investigated the construct validity and reliability of the PSS, no consensus has been reached regarding which and how many of the original eighteen items that should be included, or a robust factor structure with satisfactory reliability. The present study tested the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the PSS and used the advantages of complementary exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to investigate the underlying factor structure of the PSS items. Data stem from a community sample of 1096 parents from five counties in Norway with a one-year-old child. The sample was randomly split (N = 553/543), and exploratory and confirmatory analyses were performed on each of the samples. Using predefined criteria for the selection of robust items, results revealed a two-dimensional structure (Parental stressors and Lack of rewards) across 13 PSS items, displaying satisfactory reliability. Network analyses revealed differential associations within item constellations and with covariates. Implications of the findings and study limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Nærde
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo,
Norway
- * E-mail:
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