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Xavier MO, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Santos IS, Murray J, Maruyama JM, Matijasevich A. Harsh parenting trajectories from childhood through adolescence and socioemotional competences at age 18: 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:434-444. [PMID: 39181164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has explored the course of harsh parenting practices throughout childhood and adolescence and its impact on socioemotional competences from a longitudinal perspective. This study examined the association between harsh parenting trajectories and socioemotional competences at age 18. METHODS Data from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort study, originally comprising 4231 live births, were used. Harsh parenting was measured using the parent-report version of the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale at ages 6, 11, 15 and 17 years, and trajectories were identified using a group-based modelling approach. Socioemotional competences were emotion regulation, assessed by the Emotional Regulation Index for Children and Adolescents; self-esteem, measured by the self-report Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale; prosocial behaviour and peer relationship problems, both assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate linear and Poisson regression models were applied to examine the effects of harsh parenting trajectories on socioemotional competences, adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS We identified three trajectories: a "low harsh parenting" trajectory (49.7 %), a "moderate harsh parenting" (44.7 %), and a "high harsh parenting" trajectory (5.6 %). Compared to those belonging to the low harsh parenting trajectory group, adolescents who experienced either a moderate or high harsh parenting trajectory exhibited lower scores in emotion regulation, self-esteem, and prosocial behaviour scales, along with higher scores of peer relationships problems. LIMITATIONS Data on harsh parenting at 15 and 17 years were available only for a sub-sample. CONCLUSIONS Our study extends the evidence of the adverse effects of persistent harsh parenting on socioemotional competences during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Otero Xavier
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP - São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Iná S Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Joseph Murray
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Jessica Mayumi Maruyama
- Postgraduate Program on Human Developmental Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP - São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Zeng Y, Zhang JW, Yang J. Mindfulness and mindful parenting: Strategies for preschoolers with behavioral issues. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:6447-6450. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i31.6447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The behavior issues of preschoolers are closely related to their parents' parenting styles. This editorial discusses the value and strategies for solving behavior issues in preschoolers from the perspectives of mindfulness and mindful parenting. We expect that upcoming studies will place greater emphasis on the behavioral concerns of preschoolers and the parenting practices that shape them, particularly focusing on proactive interventions for preschoolers' behavioral issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zeng
- Department of Psychology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jun-Wen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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3
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Li W, Deng M, Wang P, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Yang C, Li J. The associations between interparental conflict and adolescent adjustment: a cross-lagged panel network analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02525-4. [PMID: 39037468 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Extensively studied in interparental relationship literature suggests interparental conflict is a risk factor for adolescent adjustment, but the specific, dimension level relationships between interparental conflict and adolescent adjustment remain unclear. This study explored the interactions between the various dimensions of interparental conflict and adolescent adjustment in Chinese adolescents. A total of 1870 Chinese adolescents (42.27% males; Mage = 16.18, SD = 0.43, range = 15-18) completed a survey at two time points spaced three months apart. Data was analyzed using both cross-sectional and longitudinal network analysis. The cross-sectional network analysis found that resolution has the greatest connections with the dimensions of adolescent adjustment, suggesting that adolescents reporting high resolution are more prone to experience concurrent poor adjustment and therefore should be a primary focus of attention. The longitudinal network analysis revealed that, in general, previous hyperactivity-inattention is a significant and strong predictor of future interparental conflict, underscoring a child-driven effect. Meanwhile, prosocial behavior contributes to decreases in both interparental conflict and adjustment problems over time. These findings highlight the importance of addressing hyperactivity-inattention and cultivating prosocial behavior in adolescents as key intervention points-these can help resolve conflicts between parents and reduce adjustment problems for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiru Deng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, 510317, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Management, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinqiu Zhao
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Yang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jianbing Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, 510317, Guangzhou, China.
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Stalford D, Graham S, Keenan M. A Discussion of Positive Behavior Support and Applied Behavior Analysis in the Context of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the UK and Ireland. Behav Anal Pract 2024; 17:442-455. [PMID: 38966271 PMCID: PMC11219608 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-023-00905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This article addresses the relationship between applied behavior analysis (ABA) and the emergence of positive behavior support (PBS) in context of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the UK and Ireland. Two overarching issues that are salient in this discussion are professional training and certification. To date, there has been a lack of standardized training or statutory requirements to practice PBS despite proponents insisting that its practice should be grounded in behavior analytic principles. Furthermore, there is an undercurrent of anti-ABA bias fueled by misinterpretation and unsubstantiated anecdotal claims used to promote an alternative "value based" approach to managing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stalford
- Ulster University-Coleraine Campus, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Scott Graham
- Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Keenan
- Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
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5
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Pesando LM, De Cao E, La Mattina G, Ciancio A. Status (in)consistency in education and violent parenting practices towards children. Soc Sci Med 2024; 351:116954. [PMID: 38759382 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Violent childrearing practices represent an invisible threat for global health and human development. Leveraging underused information on child discipline methods, this study explores the relationship between parental educational similarity and violent childrearing practices, testing a new potential pathway through which parental educational similarity may relate to child health and wellbeing over the life course. The study uses data from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) covering 27 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Results suggest that couples where partners share the same level of education (homogamy) are less likely to adopt violent childrearing practices relative to couples where partners face status inconsistency in education (heterogamy), with differences by age of the child, yet less so by sex and birth order. Homogamous couples where both partners share high levels of education are also less (more) likely to adopt physically violent (non-violent) practices relative to homogamous couples with low levels of education. Relationships are stronger in countries characterized by higher GDP per capita, Human Development Index, and female education, yet also in countries with higher income and gender inequalities. Besides stressing the importance of female education, these findings underscore the key role of status concordance vs discordance in SSA partnerships. Tested micro-level mechanisms and country-level moderators only weakly explain result heterogeneity, calling for more research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Maria Pesando
- New York University (AD), Division of Social Science, United Arab Emirates; McGill University, Department of Sociology, School of Arts, Canada.
| | - Elisabetta De Cao
- University of Bologna, Department of Economics, Italy; IZA, Germany.
| | - Giulia La Mattina
- University of South Florida, Department of Economics, USA; IZA, Germany.
| | - Alberto Ciancio
- IZA, Germany; University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Business School, UK.
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6
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Carr HR, Hall JE, Eisenbarth H, Brandt VC. The bidirectional relationship between head injuries and conduct problems: longitudinal modelling of a population-based birth cohort study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:411-420. [PMID: 36826528 PMCID: PMC10869410 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Childhood head injuries and conduct problems increase the risk of aggression and criminality and are well-known correlates. However, the direction and timing of their association and the role of their demographic risk factors remain unclear. This study investigates the bidirectional links between both from 3 to 17 years while revealing common and unique demographic risks. A total of 8,603 participants (50.2% female; 83% White ethnicity) from the Millennium Cohort Study were analysed at 6 timepoints from age 3 to 17. Conduct problems were parent-reported for ages 3 to 17 using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and head injuries at ages 3 to 14. A cross-lagged path model estimated the longitudinal bidirectional effects between the two whilst salient demographic risks were modelled cumulatively at three ecological levels (child, mother, and household). Conduct problems at age 5 promoted head injuries between 5 and 7 (Z = 0.07; SE = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02-0.13), and head injuries at ages 7 to 11 promoted conduct problems at age 14 (ß = .0.06; SE = .0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.12). Head injuries were associated with direct child-level risk at age 3, whereas conduct problems were associated with direct risks from all ecological levels until 17 years. The findings suggest a sensitive period at 5-11 years for the bidirectional relationship shared between head injuries and conduct problems. They suggest that demographic risks for increased head injuries play an earlier role than they do for conduct problems. Both findings have implications for intervention timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Carr
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield Campus, Building 44, Southampton, SO17 1PS, UK.
| | - James E Hall
- Southampton Education School, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Hedwig Eisenbarth
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Valerie C Brandt
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield Campus, Building 44, Southampton, SO17 1PS, UK
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7
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Frost A, Scherer E, Chung EO, Gallis JA, Sanborn K, Zhou Y, Hagaman A, LeMasters K, Sikander S, Turner E, Maselko J. Longitudinal pathways between maternal depression, parenting behaviors, and early childhood development: a mediation analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.24.24301747. [PMID: 38343808 PMCID: PMC10854292 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.24301747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Maternal depression is a global public health concern with far-reaching impacts on child development, yet our understanding of mechanisms remains incomplete. This study examined whether parenting mediates the association between maternal depression and child outcomes. Participants included 841 rural Pakistani mother-child dyads (50% female). Maternal depression was measured at 12 months postpartum, parenting behaviors (warmth, stimulation, and harsh parenting) were measured at 24 months, and child outcomes (mental health, socioemotional development, and cognitive skills) were measured at 36 months. Maternal depression predicted increased harsh parenting, child mental health difficulties, and child socioemotional concerns; however, there was little evidence for parenting as a mediator between maternal depression and child outcomes. Sex-stratified results are discussed, and findings are situated in context.
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8
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Cronshaw G, Midouhas E. Harsh Parenting and Trajectories of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Autistic Children. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06167-4. [PMID: 37925383 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Autistic children show higher rates of co-occurring emotional and behavioural difficulties compared to other children in the general population. However, the environmental factors which contribute to the development of emotional (internalising) and behavioural (externalising) difficulties in autistic individuals are poorly understood. This study sought to investigate the association between harsh parenting (smacking, shouting, telling off) and the trajectories of emotional and behavioural difficulties in autistic children from ages 3 to 7. A sample comprising of 349 autistic children participated from the UK's Millennium Cohort Study. Associations between harsh parenting and child emotional and behavioural difficulties were modelled using multilevel growth curve models. In autistic children, harsh parenting was associated with total emotional and behavioural difficulties and behavioural (but not emotional) problems concurrently. Moreover, harsh parenting was not associated with changes in emotional and behavioural difficulties over time. Harsh parenting may have an important role in externalising problems in young autistic children indicating the need for public health strategies which educate parents on its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Cronshaw
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, London, UK.
| | - Emily Midouhas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, London, UK
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9
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Carr HR, Brandt VC, Golm D, Hall JE. Linked head injury and conduct problem symptom pathways from early childhood to adolescence and their associated risks: Evidence from the millennium cohort study. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37665097 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Conduct problems and head injuries increase the risk of delinquency and share a bidirectional association. However, how they link across development is unknown. The present study aimed to identify their linked developmental pathways and associated risk factors. Latent class analysis was modeled from Millennium Cohort Study data (n = 8,600) to identify linked pathways of conduct problem symptoms and head injuries. Head injuries were parent-reported from ages 3 to 14 and conduct problems from ages 3 to 17 using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multinomial logistic regression then identified various risk factors associated with pathway membership. Four distinct pathways were identified. Most participants displayed low-level conduct problem symptoms and head injuries (n = 6,422; 74.7%). Three groups were characterized by clinically relevant levels of conduct problem symptoms and high-risk head injuries in childhood (n = 1,422; 16.5%), adolescence (n = 567; 6.6%), or persistent across development (n = 189; 2.2%). These clinically relevant pathways were associated with negative maternal parenting styles. These findings demonstrate how pathways of conduct problem symptoms are uniquely linked with distinct head injury pathways. Suggestions for general preventative intervention targets include early maternal negative parenting styles. Pathway-specific interventions are also required targeting cumulative risk at different ecological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Carr
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Valerie C Brandt
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Dennis Golm
- School of Psychology, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - James E Hall
- Southampton Education School, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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10
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Speyer LG, Obsuth I, Ribeaud D, Eisner M, Luciano M, Auyeung B, Murray AL. Mediating Factors in Within-Person Developmental Cascades of Externalising, Internalising and ADHD Symptoms in Childhood. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1011-1025. [PMID: 35488988 PMCID: PMC9395455 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have offered evidence for peer problems and academic achievement as mediators in developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems, and from ADHD symptoms to both internalising and externalising problems. However, these mediators have not been found to fully account for these cascades, indicating that there may be additional mediators involved. This study investigated the role of harsh parenting and parental involvement alongside academic achievement and peer problems in mediating within-person developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems and from ADHD symptoms to internalising and externalising problems using autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals. Models were fit for parent- and teacher-reports on children’s psychosocial development as measured by the Social Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ) collected over ages 7, 9, and 11 in an ethnically diverse Swiss longitudinal cohort study (z-proso; N = 1387, 51% male). Results indicated that, when appropriately disentangling within- from between-person effects, none of the considered factors acted as significant mediators in longitudinal within-person relations between ADHD, internalising and externalising problems; hence, mediating mechanisms in developmental cascades remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Gabriela Speyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ingrid Obsuth
- Clinical Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Violence Research Centre, Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bonnie Auyeung
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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