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Moon S, Oh E, Chung D, Choi R, Hong GRS. Validation of the Korean version of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory among older adults residing in nursing homes. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1466. [PMID: 38822313 PMCID: PMC11143705 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xerostomia is commonly experienced by older individuals. We sought to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory (K-SXI) among older adults residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Korea. METHODS In this secondary data analysis study using cross-sectional data, a cross-cultural adaptation process was conducted for the Korean version before data collection. Data collection was conducted from July 2021 to January 2022, targeting 544 older adults in 16 LTCFs. Data analysis included intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability, and Cronbach's α for internal consistency reliability. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to verify construct and convergent validity. Test-retest analysis was performed 6 weeks after baseline. Convergent and concurrent validities were assessed with age group and the xerostomia standard single question, respectively. RESULTS A total of 544 older adults participated in this study. The mean of total K-SXI score was 11.70 (standard deviation, 4.96) points. The ICC value was calculated to be 0.90, and Cronbach's α of K-SXI was 0.92. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor, explaining 74.8% of the total variance, however, some goodness-of-fit indices of the single factor model were found to be unsuitable in confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent and concurrent validity were supported. CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the K-SXI for measuring xerostomia in institutionalized older adults in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeolHwa Moon
- Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, #20, Hoseo-ro 79beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan, 31499, Korea
| | - Eunmi Oh
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hanyang University, #222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Daum Chung
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, #222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Rina Choi
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, #222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, #222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
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Tsai FT, Yang CC, Lin YC, Hsu ML, Hong G, Yang MC, Wang DH, Huang LJ, Lin CT, Hsu WE, Tu HF. Temporal stability of tongue microbiota in older patients - A pilot study. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:1087-1095. [PMID: 38618132 PMCID: PMC11010706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Healthy states of human microbiota depend on a stable community of symbiotic microbes irrespective of external challenges from the environment. Thus, long-term stability of the oral microbiota is of importance, particularly for older patient populations. Materials and methods We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to examine the tongue microbiota of 18 individuals receiving long-term care over a 10-month period. Results Beta diversity analysis demonstrated temporal stability of the tongue microbiota, as microbial compositions from all time points were indistinguishable from each other (P = 0.0887). However, significant individual variation in microbial composition (P = 0.0001) was observed, underscoring the presence of a unique microbial profile for each patient. Conclusion The temporal dynamics of tongue microbiota exhibit long-term stability, providing diagnostic implications for oral diseases within older patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Tzu Tsai
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Yang
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oral Medicine Innovation Center (OMIC), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Hsu
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guang Hong
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Tissue Biology, Tohoku University, Senda, Japan
| | - Mu-Chen Yang
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Tissue Biology, Tohoku University, Senda, Japan
| | - Ding-Han Wang
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oral Medicine Innovation Center (OMIC), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Jack Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Tzu Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Eng Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Feng Tu
- College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan County, Taiwan
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Yamaguchi K, Miyagami T, Imada R, Kushiro S, Yanagida R, Morikawa T, Nakagawa K, Yoshimi K, Naito T, Tohara H. Effect of poor oral health status at hospital admission on in-hospital outcomes of older patients with aspiration pneumonia. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:489-496. [PMID: 38214864 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of oral health status at admission on in-hospital outcomes and how it varies during hospitalization in older patients with aspiration pneumonia. METHODS This prospective cohort study involved patients aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to an acute care hospital with a diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia. The patients' basic health information, length of hospital stay (LOS), and oral health assessment tool (OHAT), functional oral intake scale (FOIS), pneumonia severity index, and clinical frailty scale scores were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups based on their median OHAT scores, and intergroup changes were analyzed as a function of time. The relationship between the LOS, FOIS score upon discharge, and OHAT scores at admission was examined using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 89 participants (52 were men, with a mean age of 84.8 ± 7.9 years), 75 were discharged. The patients' oral health was measured weekly for 3 weeks after the initial assessment via the OHAT, wherein the median score was 7, with a significant between-group difference. Moreover, OHAT scores improved within both groups throughout their stay. OHAT scores at admission were independently associated with the LOS (B = 5.51, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION Poor oral health status at admission was associated with longer hospital stays. Both the high- and low-OHAT groups showed OHAT score improvements. Oral health status is critical in preventing the onset of and treating aspiration pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Taiju Miyagami
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryoko Imada
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Seiko Kushiro
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yanagida
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Morikawa
- Department of General Medicine, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Tokijicho, Nara City, Nara, 630-8305, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Nakagawa
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshimi
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Haruka Tohara
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
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Guimarães DDM, Parro YM, Muller HS, Coelho EB, Martins VDP, Santana R, Lia ÉN. Xerostomia and dysgeusia in the elderly: prevalence of and association with polypharmacy. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.20396/bjos.v22i00.8666637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Xerostomia is defined as the perception of dry mouth, and dysgeusia, as a change in taste. Both are common complaints in the elderly, especially among those making use of polypharmacy drug combinations. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of xerostomia and dysgeusia and to investigate their association with polypharmacy in the elderly. Methods: older people under follow-up at the Multidisciplinary Elderly Center of the University Hospital of Brasília were interviewed and asked about health problems, medications used, presence of xerostomia and dysgeusia. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence of the symptoms surveyed. The chi-square test was used to investigate the relationship between xerostomia and dysgeusia and polypharmacy. Secondary associations were performed using binomial logistic regression. Results: Ninety-six older people were evaluated and of these, 62.5% had xerostomia and 21.1%, had dysgeusia. The average number of medications used was 4±3 medications per individual. Polypharmacy was associated with xerostomia but not dysgeusia. It was possible to associate xerostomia with the use of antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: Xerostomia was a frequent complaint among elderly people making use of polypharmacy, especially those using antihypertensives. Antihypertensives and antidepressants were used most drugs by the elderly and exhibited interactions with drugs most prescribed in Dentistry. Two contraindications were found between fluconazole and mirtazapine; and between erythromycin and simvastatin.
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El Osta N, Wehbe A, Sleiman N, Drancourt N, El Osta L, Hennequin M. Dental Criteria Could Alert for Malnutrition Risk and Inappropriate Choice of Food Texture in Older Subjects with Dementia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15086. [PMID: 36429816 PMCID: PMC9690132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral health indicators are usually collected to alert for the presence of infectious diseases, but the impact of poor oral health on the nutritional status of older people with dementia is often neglected. This study aims to explore the relationship between the number of posterior dental functional units (PFUs) and the anthropometric measure of malnutrition, the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), in older people with dementia while controlling for other variables, and to analyze whether the number of PFUs is considered when adjusting the texture of the food provided at mealtimes. A total of 103 individuals who were 70 years or older with dementia were recruited from seven institutions. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Data were collected from medical records (sociodemographic characteristics, presence of chronic diseases, prescribed medications, results of serum albumin level), as well as questionnaires (type of feeding routes, type of food texture, supplements intake, Activity of Daily Living index), clinical examinations (MUAC), and oral health parameters (PFUs, oral dryness, oral hygiene). MUAC was the dependent outcome variable. MUAC was associated with the number of PFUs (p = 0.032); participants with PFU ≤ 4 were 7.5 times more likely to have MUAC < 21 cm than others. Other associations were found between MUAC and albumin level (OR = 12.5; p = 0.001), modified food texture (OR = 4.2; p = 0.035), and length of institutional stay (OR = 5.2; p = 0.033); however, the type of oral feeding was not significantly related to the number of PFUs (p = 0.487) so there is an inadequate correlation between food texture and oral health status. Similar to MUAC, the number of PFUs could be an oral anthropometric criterion that is recorded during routine hygiene care to alert for the risk of malnutrition and the inappropriate choice of food texture in older individuals with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada El Osta
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Amine Wehbe
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Sleiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Noemie Drancourt
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lana El Osta
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Martine Hennequin
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Krajewski MP, Mo Q, Lu CH, Cantos A, Feuerstein S, Brandt MJ, Wahler RG. Medication Use Among Patients Reporting Xerostomia of an Academic Dental Clinic. J Pharm Technol 2022; 38:264-271. [DOI: 10.1177/87551225221108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Global prevalence of xerostomia has been reported at 22% (range 0.01%-45%), negatively impacting oral health, nutrition intake, and quality of life. The causal relationship between xerostomia and medications remains uncertain but greater understanding could guide interventions. Objective: To describe the demographic characteristics and medication regimens in patients with xerostomia of an academic dental clinic. Method: This is a retrospective academic dental clinic record review from July 1, 2018 to October 27, 2020. Patient records were obtained from the University at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine. Xerostomia status was determined via query of electronic health records and validated by manual review. Pharmacologic class and xerostomic potential of medications were identified by the Veterans Affairs Drug Classification System and drug compendia, respectively. Predictors of medication use were assessed using a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Of 37 403 examined records, 366 (0.98%) were identified as xerostomic. After excluding confounding factors (Sjogren’s and radiation), 275 of 317 patients received at least one xerostomic medication, majority were female (240, 66%) versus male (126, 34%). Mean ± (SD) age was 64.9 ± 15.11 years. A total of 208 (57%) patients were aged ≥65. The median number of total and xerostomic medications were 8 (interquartile range [IQR], 4-12) and 4 (IQR, 2-7), respectively. The 3 most prevalent xerostomic pharmacologic classes were antidepressants (131, 35%), gastric medications (101, 28%), and vitamin D (87, 24%). Conclusion: Despite observed prevalence of xerostomia lower than global prevalence, xerostomic medication burden for patients experiencing xerostomia was high. Pharmacist-led interprofessional collaborations should be investigated to reduce xerostomic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Krajewski
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - QingXiang Mo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Hua Lu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Albert Cantos
- School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Steve Feuerstein
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert G. Wahler
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Salmi A, Komulainen K, Nihtilä A, Tiihonen M, Nykänen I, Hartikainen S, Suominen AL. Eating problems among old home care clients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:959-968. [PMID: 35527353 PMCID: PMC9382049 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose was to examine the prevalence and determinants of self‐reported eating problems in old home care clients, screened separately by a clinical nutritionist and a dental hygienist. Methods and Results The data came from the Nutrition, Oral Health and Medication (NutOrMed) study, the participants of which were ≥75‐year‐old home care clients living in Finland. The structured interviews were conducted at the participants' (n = 250) homes. Of the participants, 29% reported poor appetite, 20% had problems with chewing, and 14% had problems with swallowing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Additionally, 18% reported oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist. Participants with continuous xerostomia (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–9.0) or poor self‐reported oral health (OR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.4–13.0) had a higher risk for problems with chewing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Edentulous participants (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2–10.9) and participants with toothache or problems with dentures (OR: 10.3, 95% CI: 4.0–26.0) had a higher risk for oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist. Conclusion Eating problems are common in older adults, and interprofessional collaboration is required for their identification and alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Salmi
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaija Komulainen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annamari Nihtilä
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Social and Health Services, City of Espoo, Espoo, Finland
| | - Miia Tiihonen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irma Nykänen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sirpa Hartikainen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna L Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
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Krausch-Hofmann S, Tran TD, Janssens B, Declerck D, Lesaffre E, de Almeida Mello J, Declercq A, De Lepeleire J, Duyck J. Assessment of oral health in older adults by non-dental professional caregivers-development and validation of a photograph-supported oral health-related section for the interRAI suite of instruments. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:3475-3486. [PMID: 33196870 PMCID: PMC8137625 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An optimized oral health-related section and a video training were developed and validated for the interRAI suite of instruments. The latter is completed by professional non-dental caregivers and used in more than 40 countries to assess care needs of older adults. METHODS The optimized oral health-related section (ohr-interRAI) consists of nine items and a video training that were developed in consecutive phases. To evaluate psychometric properties, a study was conducted in 260 long-term care residents. Each resident was assessed by a dentist and by four caregivers (two who received the video training, two who did not). RESULTS Mean kappa values and percent agreement between caregivers and dentist ranged between κ = 0.60 (80.2%) for dry mouth and κ = 0.13 (54.0%) for oral hygiene. The highest inter-caregiver agreement was found for dry mouth with κ = 0.63 [95% CI: 0.56-0.70] (81.6%), while for the item palate/lips/cheeks only κ = 0.27 [95% CI: 0.18-0.36] (76.7%) was achieved. Intra-caregiver agreement ranged between κ = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.79-1.00] (96.4%) for dry mouth and κ = 0.45 [95% CI: 0.06-0.84] (82.8%) for gums. Logistic regression analysis showed only small differences between caregivers who watched the video training and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS Psychometric properties of the optimized ohr-interRAI section were improved compared to previous versions. Nevertheless, particularly the items based on inspection of the mouth require further refinement and caregiver training needs to be improved. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Valid assessment of oral health by professional caregivers is essential due to the impaired accessibility of regular dental care for care-dependent older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Krausch-Hofmann
- KU Leuven Department of Oral Health Sciences, Population Studies in Oral Health, Kapucijnenvoer 7/a - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Trung Dung Tran
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Kapucijnenvoer 35/a - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara Janssens
- Ghent University Department of Oral Health Sciences, Special Needs in Oral Health, Gerodontology, C.-Heymanslaan 10, entrance 25, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Declerck
- KU Leuven Department of Oral Health Sciences, Population Studies in Oral Health, Kapucijnenvoer 7/a - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Lesaffre
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Kapucijnenvoer 35/a - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johanna de Almeida Mello
- KU Leuven LUCAS, Centre for Care Research and Consultancy, Minderbroedersstraat 8 - box 5310, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anja Declercq
- KU Leuven LUCAS, Centre for Care Research and Consultancy, Minderbroedersstraat 8 - box 5310, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven CESO, Center for Sociological Research, Parkstraat 45 - box 3601, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan De Lepeleire
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for General Practice, Kapucijnenvoer 33/j - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joke Duyck
- KU Leuven Department of Oral Health Sciences, Biomaterials/BIOMAT, Kapucijnenvoer 7/a - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Salmi R, Närhi T, Suominen A, Suominen AL, Lahti S. Perceived oral health and oral health behaviours among home-dwelling older people with and without domiciliary care. Gerodontology 2021; 39:121-130. [PMID: 33565677 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to compare the perceived oral health and oral health behaviours of home-dwelling older people with and without domiciliary care. BACKGROUND Oral health is poor in long-term care, but less is known about perceived oral health of home-dwelling older people receiving domiciliary care. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the Health 2000 and Health 2011 surveys (BRIF8901) were used. Interview participants were at least 70 years old and living at home with or without domiciliary care (n = 1298 in 2000 and n = 1027 in 2011). Differences in perceived oral health (subjective oral health, pain, eating difficulties) and oral health behaviours (hygiene, use of services) were compared based on the use of domiciliary care and stratified by gender. Differences between groups were compared with the chi-square test. RESULTS In 2011, compared to non-clients, domiciliary care clients more often had poor subjective oral health (40.3% vs. 28.9%, P = .045). In both surveys, they also used oral health services less recently (2000, 76.4% vs. 60.9%; and 2011, 61.1% vs. 46.6%) and more often had difficulties chewing hard food (2000, 50.6% vs. 34%, P < .001; and 2011, 38.4% vs. 20.7%, P < .001) than non-clients. In 2000, clients had more difficulty eating dry food without drinking (39.5% vs. 21.6%, P < .001) and cleaning their teeth and mouth (14.3% vs. 1.1%, P < .001) than non-clients. Women clients in 2011 brushed their teeth less often than non-clients (43.5% vs. 23.7%, respectively, P = .001). CONCLUSION Domiciliary care clients have poorer perceived oral health, and greater difficulties with eating and oral hygiene maintenance than non-clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Salmi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Public Health Evaluation and Projection Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Johansson AK, Johansson A, Unell L, Ekbäck G, Ordell S, Carlsson GE. Self-reported dry mouth in 50- to 80-year-old Swedes: Longitudinal and cross-sectional population studies. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47:246-254. [PMID: 31444791 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Xerostomia is a common condition among elderly. The objectives were to examine prevalence, persistence, progression, yearly incidence of xerostomia, associated background factors and its influence on oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) in 50- to 80-year-old people. In 1992, a questionnaire was sent to all 50-year-old (n = 8888) and in 2007 to all 75-year-old persons (n = 5195) living in two Swedish counties. In 2012, the same questionnaire was sent to both age cohorts, now 70- and 80-year-old. Response rate was for the 50-, 70- 75- and 80-year-old groups 71.4%, 72.2%, 71.9% and 66.4%, respectively. In the 50- to 70-year-old sample, 40.3% of the participants answered all five examinations and in the 75-80 group 49.5% (intact samples). In all age groups, xerostomia was significantly more prevalent in women than in men. At age 80, "often mouth dryness at night" was reported by 24.3% and 16.2% of women and men, respectively. Prevalence increased with age and was more frequent at night-time. Persistence of xerostomia was reported by 61.4%-77.5%, progression by 11.5%-33.0% and remission by 5.7%-11.3%. Average yearly incidence was 0.99%-3.28%. Xerostomia was more prevalent in those who reported a negative impact on OIDP. Highest odd ratios for xerostomia were burning mouth (OR 12.0), not feeling healthy (OR 5.1) and medicine usage (OR 3.9). Xerostomia is common in older age, persistence is high and progression common. The comorbidity between xerostomia, oral health problems and impaired general health needs to be taken into consideration when providing dental care to elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Johansson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Dentistry - Cariology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Johansson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lennart Unell
- Post Graduate Dental Education Centre, Örebro Region, Örebro, Sweden.,School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Ekbäck
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Dentistry, Örebro Region, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sven Ordell
- Dental Commissioning Unit, Östergötland County Council, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar E Carlsson
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry/Dental Materials Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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11
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Nihtilä A, Tuuliainen E, Komulainen K, Nykänen I, Hartikainen S, Tiihonen M, Suominen AL. The combined effect of individually tailored xerostomia and nutritional interventions on dry mouth among nutritionally compromised old home care clients. Gerodontology 2019; 36:244-250. [PMID: 30945350 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of tailored xerostomia and nutritional 6-month interventions on xerostomia among home care clients aged 75 years or over who were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. BACKGROUND A subjective feeling of dry mouth (xerostomia) is common among older adults and affects their quality of life, nutrition and oral health. Medical conditions, polypharmacy, dehydration and malnutrition are often underlying causes of xerostomia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data are based on the NutOrMed study with a dietary intervention group of 119 patients and control group of 97 patients. In-home interviews were carried out by home care nurses, nutritionists, dental hygienists and pharmacists and tailored interventions by nutritionist and dental hygienists. Xerostomia intervention included individual counselling on dry mouth care and was applied to all those suffering occasionally or continuously from xerostomia (57%, n = 66) in the intervention group. Nutritional intervention was applied to all participants in the intervention group, and it included instructions on increasing the number of meals, energy, protein intake and liquid intake. RESULTS Among participants who received both interventions, xerostomia decreased by 30% and malnutrition or risk of malnutrition decreased by 61%. The interventions were highly significant (OR 0.1, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.2) in reducing xerostomia. CONCLUSIONS Home care clients suffering from xerostomia profited significantly from tailored xerostomia and dietary interventions. Evaluation and treatment of xerostomia are important among older persons who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition as a part of a comprehensive health intervention to improve their nutrition and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamari Nihtilä
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Kaija Komulainen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irma Nykänen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sirpa Hartikainen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miia Tiihonen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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12
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Chałas R, Rykwa D, Wróbel-Dudzińska D, Żarnowski T. Subjective Complaints of Ocular Dryness and Xerostomia Among the Non-Sjögren Adult Population of Lublin Region, Poland. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:200-206. [PMID: 29320472 PMCID: PMC5771163 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eye and mouth dryness are the most common symptoms reported during ophthalmological and dental examinations, and their frequency increases with age. In connection with population aging and the huge variety of factors and conditions that can induce this condition, it is becoming a serious and growing problem. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether ocular dryness and concomitant xerostomia is associated with particular systemic diseases. Material/Methods We enrolled 642 non-Sjögren patients referred for examination to the ophthalmology or dental clinic of Lublin region, Poland. The research was conducted using a standardized interview: The Interview and Examination Questionnaire. All patients responded to the survey questions, which concerned systemic diseases, lifestyle, with special emphasis on computer work, spending time in polluted and air-conditioned rooms, and subsequent questions about the subjective symptoms of ocular and mouth dryness. Results There were 424 patients who presented signs and symptoms of both ocular and mouth dryness. Our study showed a statistically significant association between this condition and the age and sex of the patients and systemic diseases such as hypertension (p=0.0000), cardiovascular disease (p=0.057), and stress (p=0.036), and time spent at the computer (p=0.00015). Conclusions Ocular dryness and concomitant xerostomia may occur in apparently healthy individuals, but is more frequent in patients with systemic disorders. The lack of dry eye and dry mouth symptoms does not exclude insufficient tearing and salivation; thus, the disorders are usually underestimated. Our study indicates that ocular and mouth dryness are the most common conditions seen in out-patients, due to increased use of medications, computers, and air conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Chałas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Rykwa
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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The Impact of Hyposalivation on Quality of Life (QoL) and Oral Health in the Aging Population of Al Madinah Al Munawarrah. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14040445. [PMID: 28425972 PMCID: PMC5409645 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hyposalivation (HS) affects aging individuals by causing pain and discomfort in the oral cavity. The aim here was to determine the impact of hyposalivation and the saliva pH on the quality of life and caries status of geriatrics population. A total of 138 male outpatients attending the Taibah University College of Dentistry (TUCoD) dental clinic were included in the study. The saliva flow, pH, Quality of Life (QoL), and caries status were recorded. The QoL was measured using the Arabic version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and the caries status was recorded using the Decayed, Missed, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. The mean age was 67.5 years and 64% were classified as having hyposalivation. The older respondents tended to have a lower saliva flow and pH compared to their younger counterparts. There was a significant inverse association (p = 0.02) between the caries status and mean saliva flow rate. There was also a significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation between caries and the OHIP-14 scores (Spearman’s ρ = 0.293). The prevalence of hyposalivation was relatively high and there was an inverse relationship between the age, the saliva flow, and pH. Those with more caries reported significantly poor QoL.
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