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Buck D, Seong J, Daud A, Davies M, Newcombe R, West NX. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of personalised oral hygiene advice delivered via video technology. J Dent 2024; 149:105243. [PMID: 39019247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether video-technology oral hygiene advice (OHA) improved clinical plaque and bleeding on probing (BOP) scores in individuals diagnosed with gingivitis, compared to conventional OHA after 3-months. METHODS This parallel, randomised 2-arm treatment, single-centre study, assessed Turesky Plaque Index (TPI) and BOP at baseline and 3-months in adult participants with mild-moderate gingivitis. Eligible participants with smartphones were randomised at baseline to intervention (tailored video OHA), or control (conventional OHA). Oral hygiene (OH) habits/attitudes were recorded with a questionnaire. All participants used a manual toothbrush with anti-gingivitis toothpaste twice daily. RESULTS 57 participants completed the study. Both groups had improved gingival health (BOP) after 3-months, change from baseline being significantly greater in the intervention group (12.21% vs 6.80 %, p < 0.05). TPI scores decreased more in the intervention than control group, but the difference did not reach significance (1.15 vs 0.92, p = 0.079). OH habits and attitudes were similar at baseline and few differences between the groups were observed after 3-months, however frequency of interdental brush use was significantly increased, while self-rated oral health was significantly decreased in the intervention as compared to control group at this timepoint (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination of an individually tailored instructional video with appropriate toothbrushing using anti-gingivitis toothpaste and interdental brush, significantly improved participants' gingival health over 3-months compared to brushing with an anti-gingivitis toothpaste with conventional OHA as delivered in the general dental services. This study demonstrates the benefit of changing OH behaviour and delivering OHA using an individually tailored approach with contemporary methodology. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OHA is usually verbally delivered over short time periods. This study demonstrates video technology with individualised OHA improves OH adherence and empowers individuals, the recipient receiving personal visual cues with ability to replay advice and technique reiteration. This real-world technology could be better utilised in general dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derele Buck
- Clinical Trials Group, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Joon Seong
- Clinical Trials Group, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Alaa Daud
- Clinical Trials Group, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Maria Davies
- Clinical Trials Group, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Nicola X West
- Clinical Trials Group, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
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Marshman Z, Ainsworth H, Fairhurst C, Whiteside K, Sykes D, Keetharuth A, El Yousfi S, Turner E, Day PF, Chestnutt IG, Dixon S, Kellar I, Gilchrist F, Robertson M, Pavitt S, Hewitt C, Dey D, Torgerson D, Pollard L, Manser E, Seifo N, Araujo M, Al-Yaseen W, Jones C, Hicks K, Rowles K, Innes N. Behaviour change intervention (education and text) to prevent dental caries in secondary school pupils: BRIGHT RCT, process and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2024; 28:1-142. [PMID: 39258962 PMCID: PMC11417644 DOI: 10.3310/jqta2103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of dental caries impacts on children's daily lives, particularly among those living in deprived areas. There are successful interventions across the United Kingdom for young children based on toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste. However, evidence is lacking for oral health improvement programmes in secondary-school pupils to reduce dental caries and its sequelae. Objectives To determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of a behaviour change intervention promoting toothbrushing for preventing dental caries in secondary-school pupils. Design A multicentre, school-based, assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial with an internal pilot and embedded health economic and process evaluations. Setting Secondary schools in Scotland, England and Wales with above-average proportion of pupils eligible for free school meals. Randomisation occurred within schools (year-group level), using block randomisation stratified by school. Participants Pupils aged 11-13 years at recruitment, who have their own mobile telephone. Interventions Two-component intervention based on behaviour change theory: (1) 50-minute lesson delivered by teachers, and (2) twice-daily text messages to pupils' mobile phones about toothbrushing, compared with routine education. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion using DICDAS4-6MFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) in any permanent tooth, measured at pupil level at 2.5 years. Secondary outcomes included: number of DICDAS4-6MFT; presence and number of DICDAS1-6MFT; plaque; bleeding; twice-daily toothbrushing; health-related quality of life (Child Health Utility 9D); and oral health-related quality of life (Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children). Results Four thousand six hundred and eighty pupils (intervention, n = 2262; control, n = 2418) from 42 schools were randomised. The primary analysis on 2383 pupils (50.9%; intervention 1153, 51.0%; control 1230, 50.9%) with valid data at baseline and 2.5 years found 44.6% in the intervention group and 43.0% in control had obvious decay experience in at least one permanent tooth. There was no evidence of a difference (odds ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.26, p = 0.72) and no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes except for twice-daily toothbrushing at 6 months (odds ratio 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.63, p = 0.03) and gingival bleeding score (borderline) at 2.5 years (geometric mean difference 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.00, p = 0.05). The intervention had higher incremental mean costs (£1.02, 95% confidence interval -1.29 to 3.23) and lower incremental mean quality-adjusted life-years (-0.003, 95% confidence interval -0.009 to 0.002). The probability of the intervention being cost-effective was 7% at 2.5 years. However, in two subgroups, pilot trial schools and schools with higher proportions of pupils eligible for free school meals, there was an 84% and 60% chance of cost effectiveness, respectively, although their incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years remained small and not statistically significant. The process evaluation revealed that the intervention was generally acceptable, although the implementation of text messages proved challenging. The COVID-19 pandemic hampered data collection. High rates of missing economic data mean findings should be interpreted with caution. Conclusions Engagement with the intervention and evidence of 6-month change in toothbrushing behaviour was positive but did not translate into a reduction of caries. Future work should include work with secondary-school pupils to develop an understanding of the determinants of oral health behaviours, including toothbrushing and sugar consumption, particularly according to free school meal eligibility. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN12139369. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 15/166/08) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 52. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Ainsworth
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Caroline Fairhurst
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Katie Whiteside
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Debbie Sykes
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anju Keetharuth
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarab El Yousfi
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emma Turner
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Simon Dixon
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ian Kellar
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Fiona Gilchrist
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Sue Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Donna Dey
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Lesley Pollard
- Children and Young People's Empowerment Project, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emma Manser
- Children and Young People's Empowerment Project, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nassar Seifo
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | - Claire Jones
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kate Hicks
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Nicola Innes
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Goldthorpe J, Kilbee L, Pretty I, Cotterill S, Hart J, Peters S. Supporting post-pandemic recovery: a qualitative study of the capabilities, opportunities and motivations to deliver oral health behaviour change messages to parents of young children in community settings. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:580. [PMID: 38762726 PMCID: PMC11102627 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated vulnerabilities and inequalities in children's oral health, and treatment activity virtually ceased during periods of lockdown. Primary care dentistry is still in the post-pandemic recovery phase, and it may be some years before normal service is resumed in NHS dentistry. However, opportunities to support the dental workforce through offering some preventative care in outreach settings may exist. This has the additional benefit of potentially reaching children who do not routinely see a dentist. The aim of this research was therefore to explore views around upskilling practitioners working in early years educational and care settings to support families of pre-school aged children to adopt and maintain preventative oral health behaviours. METHODS Using the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation model of behaviour (COM-B) to structure our data collection and analysis, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 16 practitioners (dental and non-dental) and analysed the data using deductive framework analysis. RESULTS The data were a good fit with the COM-B model, and further themes were developed within each construct, representing insights from the data. CONCLUSION Early years practitioners can reach vulnerable children who are not usually brought to see a dentist, and have the capability, opportunity and motivation to support the oral health behaviours of families of children in their care. Further research is needed to identify training needs (oral health and behaviour change knowledge and skills), acceptability to parents, and supporting dental practice teams to work in partnership with early years settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Goldthorpe
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of Health Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lauren Kilbee
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of Health Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Iain Pretty
- Division of Medical Sciences, Colgate Palmolive University of Manchester Dental Health Unit, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Cotterill
- Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jo Hart
- Division of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Peters
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of Health Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Liang L, Sheng Y, Wang M, Li X, Cheng Z. Effectiveness of internet-based nursing interventions for the treatment of patients with periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:386. [PMID: 38532397 PMCID: PMC10964612 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis, one of the most common oral diseases, is a chronic inflammatory condition occur in response to bacterial plaque biofilms. Plaque control and oral hygiene instructions are the most widely used and effective nonsurgical treatment for periodontitis, which is based on a partnership between patient and clinician and requires a life-long commitment. The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of internet-based nursing interventions for the treatment of patients with periodontitis. The findings from this study may help to enhance the therapeutic outcomes for patients with periodontitis. METHODS A total of 80 patients with periodontitis treated in Zhejiang Province Stomatology hospital from December 2021 to January 2023 were randomly selected and divided into control group and intervention group with 40 cases each. The control group was given routine oral health guidance and the intervention group received internet based nursing intervention. The periodontal pocket depth, percentage of periodontal pocket depth (PD) ≥ 4 mm, bleeding on probing (BOP)%, and self-efficacy scale for oral health care (SESS) were assessed and compared at four time points: initial visit, 6-8-weeks follow-up, 3-months follow-up, and 6-months follow-up. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, initial visit PD, initial visit PD ≥ 4 mm (%), initial visit BOP (%), and initial visit SESS (P > 0.05). The intervention group showed a significantly decreased percentage of PD ≥ 4 mm at 6-8 weeks and 6-months follow-up compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The PD, BOP%, and SESS scores of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group at 6-months follow-up (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that the internet-based nursing intervention in conjunction with periodontal treatment was able to improve the periodontal pocket depth, gingival bleeding and the level of self-efficacy of patients, suggesting that it is necessary to carry out the extended oral hygiene instructions via internet-based platforms for the patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Liang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Sheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengli Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zijian Cheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Leggett H, Vinall-Collier K, Csikar J, Owen J, Edwebi S, Douglas GVA. A scoping review of dental practitioners' perspectives on perceived barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care in general dental practice. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:249. [PMID: 38368349 PMCID: PMC10874524 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health has an important role in the general health and well-being of individuals. Dental teams are ideally placed to support patients in preventing ill-health. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to the adoption, promotion and facilitation of preventive advice and treatment is key to improving oral health services. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is a useful psychological framework to help identify individual, interpersonal and environmental issues which could be impacting clinicians' ability to provide preventive advice and care. The aim of this review was to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care from the perspectives of the oral healthcare team within the general dental practice. METHODS A search strategy was developed, piloted, and run in: Medline via Ovid, PsycInfo, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and followed PRISMA guidelines. Identified records were screened independently by two researchers. Data were coded using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and analysed using narrative data synthesis. RESULTS 5610 papers were identified, and 19 included in this review. Thirteen papers focussed on dentists. Of the 106 items mapped onto the TDF, 48 were facilitators. The domains most frequently represented were, environmental context and resources, beliefs about consequences, social professional role and identity, skills, beliefs about capabilities and knowledge. Six studies focussed on dental hygienists. There were 47 items mapped onto the TDF, 18 were facilitators. The domains most frequently represented were environmental context and resources, social influences, beliefs about consequences and knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The review identified that the delivery of preventive activities did not focus solely on the patient and dental professional interaction as many previous studies have highlighted. The review found that multiple factors influence whether prevention is delivered to patients. The largest barrier and facilitator for the dental professionals identified in this review was the environmental context and resources. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that aim to promote preventive oral health care in primary care settings to understand whether they address the barriers identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Leggett
- York Trials Unit, The University of York, York, UK.
| | | | - J Csikar
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Owen
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S Edwebi
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - G V A Douglas
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Jawad N, Hakeem FF, Sabbah W. Exploring health advice by dental professionals in USA: A secondary data analysis of NHANES (2015-2018). PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 119:108038. [PMID: 37951164 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine socioeconomic and ethnic variations in the provision of health advice by dental professionals. METHODS Data were from the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) (2015-2018). Socioeconomic position (Poverty-income ratio and education) and ethnicity were the main exposures. The outcome variable of interest was whether participants received health advice regarding the "benefits of quitting cigarettes," "benefits of monitoring blood sugar levels," and "importance of oral cancer screening". Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors/ethnicity, and health advice after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS The analysis included a total of 5524 people aged eighteen and above who had complete data. Black and Hispanic individuals had higher odds of receiving advice on smoking (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.04-2.12 and OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.05-2.07, respectively) and glucose monitoring (OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.03-4.43 and OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 2.04-4.82, respectively), but no significant difference for cancer screening advice.Higher poverty-income ratios (PIR) were associated with lower odds of receiving smoking advice (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.98), but no significant associations were observed for glucose monitoring or cancer screening advice. The study's findings reveal a social gradient in the provision of cancer advice, with individuals having higher education levels, particularly university education (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.24-2.31), showing significantly higher odds of receiving cancer screening advice CONCLUSION: The study highlights significant variations in health advice provision in dental settings, with education level, ethnicity, and smoking status playing prominent roles, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to promote equity and cultural competence in delivering health advice in dental settings. PRACTICE IMPLICATION The results emphasize the importance of strong policies and ongoing education for dental professionals to ensure optimal treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Jawad
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faisal F Hakeem
- College of Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael Sabbah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Lassemo E, Rodd HD, Skeie MS, Johnsen JAK, Nermo H, Sand K, Eftedal RK, Fagerhaug TN, Jasbi A, Marshman Z, Dahllöf G, Høiseth M. Dental professionals' views on motivational interviewing for the prevention of dental caries with adolescents in central Norway. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:889. [PMID: 37986160 PMCID: PMC10662639 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing positive oral health behaviours during adolescence should be a key priority to improve lifelong oral health. However, changing adolescent behaviours is known to be a challenge. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a method of working with patients to activate their motivation for change and has shown promising results within the dental setting. Yet, little is known about the actual experiences and perspectives of Norwegian dental health professionals in delivering motivational interviewing as part of routine care to their young patients. The overall aim of the present study was to explore the implementation of motivational interviewing by dentists and dental hygienists, employed by the Norwegian Public Dental Service, for their adolescent patients. METHODS As part of the larger #Care4YoungTeeth <3 project, a Norwegian Research Council funded four-year Collaborative Project to Meet Societal and Industry-related Challenges, an online survey was developed and administered to dental personnel (n = 168) in one region of Central Norway. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and two-sample tests of proportions at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS A total of 98 dental personnel responded to the survey (response rate 58.3%), of which 37 were dental hygienists (response rate 72.5%) and 61 were dentists (response rate 52.1%). A greater proportion of hygienists reported implementing this intervention compared to dentists (78.4% versus 50.8%; p = 0.007). Similarly, a greater proportion of hygienists (83.8%) stated that they had received training in MI compared to dentists (65.6%; p = 0.051). About 80% of dentists and 90% of dental hygienists felt that they understood the principles of MI. However, only about 45% and 60%, respectively, felt confident in its use. Dental hygienists found MI more usable in their work (p = 0.052), to a greater extent want to use MI (p = 0.002) and found that using MI works well (p < 0.001), as compared to dentists. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of dental professionals working within a Norwegian public dental service have received training in MI. However, barriers to implementation for adolescent patients and differences in practice between dentists and hygienists warrant further enquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lassemo
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Helen D Rodd
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marit Slåttelid Skeie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan-Are K Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hege Nermo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kari Sand
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Randi Krog Eftedal
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arefe Jasbi
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marikken Høiseth
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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8
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Moghaddam F, Sargeran K, Gholami M, Jamali J, Shamshiri A. Social cognitive predictors of regular dental visits and mouth self-examination behaviors among the elderly population: An application of the health action process approach model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293843. [PMID: 37943824 PMCID: PMC10635496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to identify the social cognitive predictors of regular dental visits and mouth self-examination behaviors among the elderly population, based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model. BACKGROUND Regular dental visits and mouth self-examination can prevent oral and dental problems among the elders. Little information is available regarding the social cognitive predictive factors of these two behaviors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 municipality centers in Tehran, Iran in 2021. The centers were selected randomly using a multi-stage cluster sampling method and 301 elderly attendants aged 60≥years participated in the study. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic characteristics and the HAPA model constructs for two target behaviors. Data were analyzed using the Smart-PLS version 3.3.9 via correlation and PLS-SEM analysis. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 65.3±5.33 years and 79.7% were female. The SEM analysis showed that Action Self-Efficacy [b (SD) = 0.595 (0.065), P< 0.001] and Risk Perception [b (SD) = 0.218 (0.070), P< 0.002] were predictors of Intention for mouth self-examination but only Action Self-Efficacy [b (SD) = 0.651 (0.043), P< 0.001] was predictor of Intention for regular dental visits. Recovery Self-Efficacy and Planning directly contributed to the prediction of Mouth Self-Examination. The relationship between Maintenance Self-Efficacy and both behaviors is mediated by Planning. Also, the mediating role of Planning between Intention and target behaviors was confirmed. CONCLUSION Action self-efficacy predicted the intention for regular dental visits and mouth self-examination behaviors. The relationship between intention and both behaviors was mediated by Planning. Emphasis on improving Action Self-Efficacy and Intention formation will enhance the effectiveness of interventions aiming at promoting the oral health of the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moghaddam
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Sargeran
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdia Gholami
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Shamshiri
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kilibarda B, Vuković A, Marković E, Perić T, Petrović B, Cakarević V, Matijević S, Marković D. The Participation of Pediatric Dentists in Oral Health Promotion and Education in Serbia. Zdr Varst 2023; 62:145-152. [PMID: 37327127 PMCID: PMC10263367 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2023-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify the involvement of Serbian paediatric dentists in oral health promotion and education, and to propose further actions for the improvement of these activities. Methods This is an analysis of data collected by a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey of 445 dentists involved in the provision of dental health services to children at the primary healthcare level. We explored dentists' involvement in oral health education and promotion and the cooperation with other health professionals at the healthcare centre and the community level as well as their attitudes towards the importance of some factors influencing their work. Results Dentists estimate their cooperation with different services with ratings higher than 3 on the scale of 1 to 5. They reported the highest satisfaction in cooperation with paediatric services for preschool and schoolchildren (4.0±1.0). At the community level, they reported excellent cooperation with kindergartens (4.4±0.8), while collaboration with Roma health mediators (3.14±1.34) and nongovernmental organizations (2.5±1.4) received lower ratings. According to the average rating (4.7±0.7), dentists perceive the motivation of patients and/or their guardians for keeping good oral health as the factor with the highest importance for the quality of interventions they provide. Conclusions Dentists involved in the provision of dental healthcare for children and adolescents in primary healthcare centres in Serbia participate in different oral healthcare education and promotion activities in the community, and highlight the importance of strengthening cooperation with healthcare and other professionals and services aimed at vulnerable population groups, both within the health sector and nongovernmental organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Kilibarda
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut, Department for Monitoring and Prevention of Risk Behaviour, Milke Grgurove 5, 11000Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Vuković
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evgenija Marković
- Clinic of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Perić
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Petrović
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Stevo Matijević
- University of Defense, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, Clinic of Stomatology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Marković
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Leggett H, Vinall-Collier K, Csikar J, Veronica Ann Douglas G. Barriers to prevention in oral health care for english NHS dental patients: a qualitative study of views from key stakeholders. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:332. [PMID: 37245009 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant progress in the control of oral diseases since the discovery of fluoride in the 1940s, dental caries and periodontal diseases continue to affect a significant proportion of the population, particularly socially disadvantaged and lower socioeconomic groups. The National Health Service in England provides preventive advice and treatments as part of an oral health assessment, and evidence-based guidance recommends the use of fissure sealants and topical fluorides in addition to dietary and oral hygiene advice. Although oral health promotion and education have become expected parts of dental care, the need for restorative treatments remains relatively high. We aimed to explore how barriers to preventive advice and treatment for NHS patients may be hindering the provision of prevention in oral health to patients from the perspectives of multiple key stakeholders. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were undertaken between March 2016-February 2017 with four groups of stakeholders: dentists, insurers, policy makers and patient participants. The interviews were analysed using deductive, reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Thirty-two stakeholders participated: 6 dentists, 5 insurers, 10 policy makers, and 11 patient participants. Four themes were developed: Perspectives on the clarity of oral health messaging and patient's knowledge, The variability of prioritising prevention, Influences of the dentist-patient relationship on effective communication and Motivation to enact positive oral health behaviours. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this research indicate that patients' knowledge of and priority placed on prevention is variable. Participants believed that more targeted education could be valuable in enhancing these. A patient's relationship with their dentist could also influence their level of knowledge through the information shared with them, their receptivity to the preventive messages and the value they place on it. However, even with knowledge, prioritising prevention and a good patient-dentist relationship, without motivation to engage in preventive behaviour the impact of these is reduced. Our findings are discussed in relation to the COM-B model of behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Leggett
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | | | - Julia Csikar
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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11
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Rutter L, Duara R, Vinall-Collier KA, Owen J, Haley I, Gray-Burrows KA, Hearnshaw S, Marshman Z, Day PF. Experiences of newly qualified dentists in delivering oral health advice to parents/caregivers of young children-challenges and solutions. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1079584. [PMID: 37273662 PMCID: PMC10235487 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1079584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A key skill for dental professionals to master is their ability to have effective preventive oral health conversations. On qualifying, UK dentists undertake a one-year foundation training programme in general practice. This study explored with Foundation Dentists, the barriers and facilitators to undertaking oral health conversations with parents/caregivers and their children, aged 0-11 years old. Materials and methods Approximately 100 Foundation Dentists from the Yorkshire and Humber region attended a series of focus groups. They discussed how they and their wider dental team undertake oral health conversations with parents/caregivers of young children, aged 0-11 years old. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results Five themes were identified as barriers and facilitators to providing oral health advice: (1) Lack of knowledge around parenting skills and child development; (2) Parental receptivity; (3) Motivation for changing behaviours; (4) Information content and inconsistency; and (5) Current National Health Service (NHS) structures of general dental practice. Discussion A multi-faceted approach is needed to develop the training of Foundation Dentists to undertake preventive oral health conversations with parents/caregivers and children. Such an approach has the potential to improve the patient-practitioner relationship and increase effective behaviour change conversations taking place in general dental care, thus improving children's oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Rutter
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Raginie Duara
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Haley
- Yorkshire and Humber Deanery, Bleinheim House, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Hearnshaw
- Yorkshire and Humber Deanery, Bleinheim House, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter F. Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
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12
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Daly S, Seong J, Parkinson C, Newcombe R, Claydon N, West N. A randomised controlled trial evaluating the impact of oral health advice on gingival health using intra oral images combined with a gingivitis specific toothpaste. J Dent 2023; 131:104472. [PMID: 36849066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Does a complex intervention of oral hygiene advice (OHA) delivered with intra-oral scanner images, anti-gingivitis toothpaste and motivational reminders, improve oral health more than a standard of care control arm of fluoride toothpaste, with OHA without scanner images? METHODS Adult participants with pre-existing gingivitis were randomised to intervention or control. Following enrolment, baseline and each subsequent visit (V) (3-weeks, V2; 3-months, V3; 6-months, V4) followed the same schedule. Bleeding on Probing (BOP) was assessed and Intra Oral Scan IOS(1) recorded. Plaque was disclosed, scored and re-scanned (IOS(2)). The intervention group received OHA with IOS images, control group receiving OHA without IOS images. Participants brushed with their allocated toothpaste (fluoride, control; anti-gingivitis, intervention), IOS(3) was recorded. Between visits participants brushed with their allocated toothpaste, intervention group received motivational reminders. RESULTS BOP scores from baseline were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to control at all visits for all surfaces (p<0.001); differences at V4 were 0.292 (all), 0.211 (buccal/labial) and 0.375 (lingual/palatal). Plaque scores from baseline pre-brushing to each visit pre- and post-brushing also favoured the intervention group, the difference always significant on lingual/palatal surfaces (p<0.05), significant for all but pre-brushing-V4 (p<0.05) on all surfaces, but only significant for pre-brushing-V3 (p<0.05) buccally/labially. Differences from baseline to post-brushing at V4 were: 0.200 (all), 0.098 (buccal/labial) and 0.291 (lingual/palatal). CONCLUSION A complex intervention comprising OHA delivered with IOS-images, anti-gingivitis toothpaste and motivational reminders improved gingival health more than existing standard of care-OHA together with a standard fluoride toothpaste over a 6-month period. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Intra-oral scans (IOS) are now frequently used in general dental practice for a variety of purposes. IOS use, in combination with motivational texts and an anti-gingivitis toothpaste, could be further deployed to promote oral hygiene behaviour change in patients and improve gingival health, in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad Daly
- Clinical Trials Unit, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Joon Seong
- Clinical Trials Unit, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | | | | | - Nicholas Claydon
- Clinical Trials Unit, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Nicola West
- Clinical Trials Unit, Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
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Shmarina E, Ericson D, Götrick B, Franzén C. Dental professionals' perception of their role in the practice of oral health promotion: a qualitative interview study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:43. [PMID: 36698102 PMCID: PMC9875771 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore dental professionals' perceptions of their role in the practice of oral health promotion. MATERIAL AND METHOD In-depth interviews were conducted with three dentists, one specialist dentist and seven dental hygienists. All were employed in the public dental service in Kalmar County, Sweden and had at least 2 years' work experience. The interview questions addressed the experience and views of dental professionals with reference to their role in the practice of health promotion. The interview data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Analysis revealed two themes which capture the essence of the dental professionals' perception of their role in the practice of oral health promotion. One theme, having person-focused approach, comprised four categories: 'considering the patient's life situation', 'establishing a trusting relationship with patients', 'strengthening patients' commitment to oral health' and 'health education'. The other theme, perceiving social responsibility for oral health, comprised three categories: 'dissemination of oral health knowledge', 'interprofessional collaboration' and 'equality in oral health care'. CONCLUSION Dental professionals perceived promotion of oral health to be an important aspect of their professional role. They aspired to patient participation in the decision-making process and educational activities, as well as practising and evaluating skills development. Although the dental professionals perceived that they undertook health promotion activities, they did not clearly distinguish between oral health promotion and disease prevention. There was intra- and inter-professional agreement among the dentists and dental hygienists with respect to expected outcomes for health promotion activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shmarina
- grid.32995.340000 0000 9961 9487Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden ,grid.466900.d0000 0001 0597 1373Kalmar County Council, Public Dental Service, Oskarshamn, Sweden
| | - Dan Ericson
- grid.32995.340000 0000 9961 9487Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bengt Götrick
- grid.32995.340000 0000 9961 9487Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Franzén
- grid.32995.340000 0000 9961 9487Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Bala Sundram M, Kuppusamy E, Yazid F, Rani H. User requirement gathering for online oral health education module development: Exploring parental perspective. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231203949. [PMID: 37846402 PMCID: PMC10576914 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231203949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dental caries is preventable, yet it remains a common childhood disease. As children are dependent on their parents for oral health care, oral health education for parents is essential to ensure they understand the risk factors and consequences of dental caries and their role in its prevention. This study aims to explore parents' oral health education needs to enable the development and provision of a tailored online oral health education module. Methods Online focus group discussions were conducted among Malaysian parents to gather information about the content, layout and presentation of oral health information parents sought for the provision of oral health care for their children. Video recordings were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was performed using an inductive approach. Results In total, 24 parents participated in the discussions and 4 main themes were uncovered. The first theme was perceived information needs related to dental caries, oral health care and the importance of deciduous teeth. The second theme was parents' preferred information resources which were social media, dentists, mobile phone applications and medical personnel. Thirdly, information delivery format and specific characteristics were recommended. The final theme was challenges and barriers faced in maintaining oral health due to parental constraints, child behaviour and external factors. Conclusion Parents' profound feedback and experiential standpoint stipulate the need for the development and delivery of a comprehensible and visually engaging oral health education module by healthcare professionals via social media to enable access to evidence-based information consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshala Bala Sundram
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elavarasi Kuppusamy
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farinawati Yazid
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haslina Rani
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Wang MC, Marshman Z, Chen WH, Shih WY. A qualitative study of barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a pilot school-based, toothbrushing programme. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:451. [PMID: 36280822 PMCID: PMC9590216 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While supervised toothbrushing programmes have been established in many countries of the world, little is known about different perspectives on their implementation. The aim of the study was to explore stakeholders' barriers and facilitators to implementation of a school-based toothbrushing programme in Taiwan. METHODS Focus groups and interviews were used to explore the views of elementary school students, teachers, staff, and nurses in a piloted school-based toothbrushing programme. The topic guides were developed according to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to cover the behavioural factors systematically and comprehensively. Data were analysed with content analysis. RESULTS Overall, 36 students, 29 teachers/staff, and five school nurses (N = 65) were included. The overarching theme was the importance of habit formation for both staff and children to ensure that toothbrushing as part of the programme was embedded into the school schedule and routine. While children did not necessarily appear to retain the dental knowledge which was taught in the programme, the provision of fluoride toothpaste and toothbrush for their use in schools allowing teachers and staff to choose the timing of the brushing and engaging classmates to supervise each other were found to be key factors. CONCLUSIONS Implementing a school-based toothbrushing programme with the support of staff and active engagement of children can help children to develop a toothbrushing habit. Classmate-supervised toothbrushing may reduce the burden on teachers and staff to implement the programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ching Wang
- Division of Dentistry, Taipei Municipal Hospital, WanFang Branch, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Section 3, Xing-Long Road, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, 112, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Wei-Han Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, 112, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Shih
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, 112, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Barnes E, Bullock A, Chestnutt IG. 'It's their mouth at the end of the day': dental professionals' reactions to oral health education outcomes. Br Dent J 2022:10.1038/s41415-022-4978-z. [PMID: 36138097 PMCID: PMC9510212 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-4978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Research has established varying levels of efficacy of oral health education (OHE) efforts. However, little is known regarding how outcomes impact dental professionals and their OHE practice. This study explores dental professionals' reactions to varying OHE outcomes and their motivations to persist with their efforts.Methods Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with dental team members working in mainly NHS general dental practices in South Wales, UK. Interviews were conducted face-to-face pre-COVID-19 and then by telephone, transcribed and analysed thematically.Results In total, 30 interviews were conducted (17 dentists, 6 dental therapists and 7 dental nurses). Pleasure was gained from improved patient oral health. Responses to non-adherence included disappointment, frustration and acceptance. Acceptance centred around a shared responsibility for oral care between clinician and patient and reassurance that they had 'done their job'. The unpredictability of patient adherence aided OHE motivation; efforts might eventually inspire patient action or might align with patient readiness to change.Conclusions This study reveals how OHE outcomes impact on dental professionals' perceptions of their role and personal motivations for continued educational efforts with patients. Greater emphasis on both preventative dentistry and self-care, coupled with understanding of the complex factors influencing oral health behaviour, would aid motivation for OHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barnes
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Alison Bullock
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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17
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Goldberg E, Eberhard J, Bauman A, Smith BJ. Mass media campaigns for the promotion of oral health: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:182. [PMID: 35568896 PMCID: PMC9107752 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are highly prevalent globally and are largely preventable. Individual and group-based education strategies have been dominant in oral health promotion efforts. Population-wide mass media campaigns have a potentially valuable role in improving oral health behaviours and related determinants. This review synthesises evidence from evaluations of these campaigns. Methods A systematic search of major databases was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed articles reporting the evaluation of mass reach (non-interpersonal) communication strategies to address common forms of oral disease (i.e., dental caries, periodontitis, gingivitis). Studies using all types of quantitative design, published in English between 1970 and 2020 were included. Data concerning campaign objectives, content, evaluation methods and findings were extracted. Results Eighteen studies were included from the 499 identified through searching, reporting the findings of 11 campaign evaluations. Two of these used controlled quasi-experimental designs, with the remainder using pre- and post-test (N = 5) or post-test only designs (N = 4). Message recall, as a measure of exposure, was reported in eight campaigns with short-term (≤ 8 weeks) recall ranging from 30 to 97%. Eight studies examined impacts upon oral health knowledge, with four of the five measuring this at baseline and follow-up reporting improvements. From the eight studies measuring oral health behaviours or use of preventative services, six that compared baseline and follow-up reported improvements (N = 2 in children, N = 4 in adults). Conclusion There are relatively few studies reporting the evaluation of mass media campaigns to promote oral health at the population level. Further, there is limited application of best-practice methods in campaign development, implementation and evaluation in this field. The available findings indicate promise in terms of achieving campaign recall and short-term improvements in oral health knowledge and behaviours. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02212-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- Sydney School of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Westmead Applied Research Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Lev 6, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ben J Smith
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. .,Westmead Applied Research Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Lev 6, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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18
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Holloway DJA, West PNX. A pilot study to evaluate the impact of digital imaging on the delivery of oral hygiene instruction. J Dent 2022; 118:104053. [PMID: 35114331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether personalised Oral Hygiene Advice (OHA) using an intra-oral-camera (IOC) combined with standard OHA as provided in general dental practice reduces plaque levels after 4 weeks more than the provision of standard OHA. MATERIALS AND METHODS 22 healthy adult participants diagnosed with gingivitis took part in this pilot parallel-designed, randomised, examiner-blind, 2xtreatment, study regarding their home-care oral hygiene habits and attitudes to oral health. An IOC-image was taken and plaque, gingival and bleeding scores were recorded. Test group participants received standard OHA with IOC-images to indicate areas for improvement, control group participants received standard OHA. Questionnaires and plaque, gingival and bleeding scores were repeated after 4 weeks. Plaque was scored from the IOC-images and scores compared to clinical plaque scores. RESULTS Lifestyle habits, attitudes to oral health, plaque (0.63vs0.61, control vs test) and bleeding scores (1.17vs0.96, control vs test) were similar at baseline. After 4-weeks, plaque scores improved more in test as compared to control group (39.4vs20.6%, p<0.05, while gingival and bleeding scores approached significance. There was no difference in lifestyle habits between groups, but the test group reported significantly greater confidence in adhering to their bespoke oral health plan. Agreement between the clinical and IOC plaque scores was good. CONCLUSIONS Use of IOC further personalises the prevailing standard of oral hygiene advice and generates great patient engagement with pictorial reports to facilitate a more in-depth patient explanation of their gingival health, resulting in significant plaque reduction and improved gingival health compared to the standard OHA alone. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinically significant improved plaque control can be achieved by individuals with mild-moderate gingivitis following one episode of personalised tailored IOC OHA combined with the standard of OHA provided in the general dental services compared to only the latter. IOC better engages patients and facilitates remote index scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dr Jessica A Holloway
- Restorative Dentistry (Periodontology), University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street BRISTOL BS12LY, United Kingdom
| | - Professor Nicola X West
- Restorative Dentistry (Periodontology), University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street BRISTOL BS12LY, United Kingdom.
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19
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Loy F, Underwood B, Stevens C. Watch and learn? A systematic review comparing oral health educational videos with written patient information aimed at parents/carers or children. Br Dent J 2021:10.1038/s41415-021-3616-5. [PMID: 34815480 PMCID: PMC8609984 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Childhood caries remains a major UK health issue. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated rapid introduction of innovative practice to minimise footfall into dental clinics. Video-based oral health education could help promote oral health advice remotely and has been included in national guidance. This systematic review evaluates the impact of video education versus written patient leaflets on knowledge and oral health behaviours in parents/carers or children.Method PubMed and Medline were searched. In total, 47 articles were identified and relevance assessed by examining titles and abstracts. Seven full-text articles were assessed and reference lists manually screened for additional publications. Three studies met the inclusion criteria.Results Only one study assessed participant knowledge gain and found no statistical significance between scores at baseline and after video, leaflet or hygienist-led education. For oral health behaviour change, one study demonstrated no significant difference in plaque score improvements between video and leaflet groups. The other showed significant improvements in plaque and bleeding scores for both leaflet and video groups compared to the control.Conclusion This review identified too few studies with heterogeneity to make conclusions on the impact of written versusvideo oral health education. A standardised outcome measurement tool is needed to evaluate the impact of current educational videos on oral health behaviour and knowledge. There is potential for video to educate the masses as we navigate through this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionnuala Loy
- Dental Core Trainee 2, North West, Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK.
| | - Ben Underwood
- General Dental Practitioner, Founder and CEO of Brush DJ Ltd, UK
| | - Claire Stevens
- Consultant in Paediatric Dentistry, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M15 6FH, UK
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Hagman J, Wide U, Werner H, Hakeberg M. A psychological intervention for caries active young adults, a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 8:239-247. [PMID: 34792290 PMCID: PMC8874066 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a brief version of the behavioral intervention Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on reducing gingivitis and plaque levels after 18 weeks. Materials and methods One hundred thirty‐five caries‐active young adults (18–25 years of age), recruited from two public dental clinics, participated in this parallel group randomized control trial (RCT). Participants in the intervention (n = 67) received two ACT sessions in combination with standard information on oral health, and participants allocated to the control group (n = 68) received standard information only. Gingivitis and plaque levels were recorded at baseline and at the 9‐ and 18‐week follow‐ups. The effect of the intervention versus standard information alone was analyzed by intention‐to‐treat and per protocol, applying the General Linear Model (GLM). Exploratory analyses for the intervention and control groups were conducted to evaluate the effect of gender and smoking habits on the gingivitis and plaque outcome. The CONSORT guidelines for RCT were followed. Results A significant decrease in gingivitis and plaque levels was observed over time, irrespective of treatment allocation. However, the ACT intervention was not significantly more effective at reducing gingivitis and plaque scores than standard information alone, even though the intervention participants had maintained their improvement to a greater extent. The exploratory analysis revealed that females improved their gingivitis and plaque levels significantly more than the males in the intervention group (p = 0.025 for gingivitis and p = 0.013 for plaque). Conclusion A brief ACT intervention was not proven to be more effective than standard information alone at improving oral health in a sample of young adults with poor oral health. However, ACT seems to have a positive effect on oral health among females. (TRN ISRCTN15009620).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Hagman
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulla Wide
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helene Werner
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hakeberg
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Evensen KB, Bull VH, Ness L. A health promotion intervention to improve oral health of prisoners: results from a pilot study. Int J Prison Health 2021; 17:546-559. [PMID: 38902900 PMCID: PMC8753622 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-11-2020-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prisoners have poorer oral health than the general population. Good oral health is essential for both social and physical well-being. For prisoners, poor oral health is also related to drug use after release, whereas good oral health is related to successful reintegration into society. The purpose of this study was twofold: to examine the effect of an intervention based on motivational interviewing (MI) on prisoners' oral health-related behavior and to assess if the intervention is a good fit for this population. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH In total, 16 prisoners in a Norwegian prison were offered a brief MI-based intervention focusing on changing their oral health-related behavior. An oral examination was also performed and the prisoners received a small package containing oral hygiene aids. Two weeks later, a second oral examination and a semi-structured interview were conducted to explore the effect of the intervention and examine the prisoners' responses to the intervention. Qualitative data analyzes were guided by thematic analysis. FINDINGS The findings indicate that the intervention had positive effects on both the prisoners' motivation to use oral health-related behavior and their performance of oral health-related behavior. The findings also indicate that the intervention was well adapted to the target population. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This is one of the first studies that explore the effect of an intervention in improving prisoners' oral health and bridges a knowledge gap in the literature. The findings may increase the understanding of how dental services should be organized and offered to provide dental health care to this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linda Ness
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise-Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway
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22
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Lieffers JRL, Vanzan AGT, Rover de Mello J, Cammer A. Nutrition Care Practices of Dietitians and Oral Health Professionals for Oral Health Conditions: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:3588. [PMID: 34684589 PMCID: PMC8539677 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health conditions, such as dental caries, pose a substantial burden worldwide. Although there are many risk factors for poor oral health, diet is often implicated as a cause of these issues. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and map studies that have captured information on the "real-world" nutrition care practices of oral health professionals (OHPs) and dietitians to optimize oral health, and specifically the dentition and periodontium. METHODS A search of peer-reviewed articles was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Embase. Articles that addressed the review objective and met the following criteria were included: English language, published since 2000, and study conducted in a high-income country. RESULTS Overall, 70 articles were included. Most articles reported on cross-sectional survey studies and provided self-reported data on OHP practices; few articles reported on dietitians. Most articles reported only general/unspecific information on assessment and intervention practices, such as dietary analysis, nutrition counselling, and diet advice, and lacked specific information about the care provided, such as the dietary assessment tools used, type of information provided, and time spent on these activities. Barriers to the provision of nutrition care by OHPs were common and included time and lack of remuneration. Few studies reported on collaboration between dietitians and OHPs. CONCLUSIONS Several studies have captured self-reported information on nutrition care practices of OHPs related to oral health; however, there is limited information available on the details of the care provided. Few studies have examined the practices of dietitians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. L. Lieffers
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (A.G.T.V.); (J.R.d.M.); (A.C.)
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23
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Barnes E, Bullock A, Chestnutt IG. What influences the provision and reception of oral health education? A narrative review of the literature. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:350-359. [PMID: 34519366 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most common diseases of the mouth are preventable through behavioural changes, oral hygiene routines and regular professional care. Research suggests dental professionals may prioritize clinical experience, personal values and preferences over evidence when delivering such interventions. Research also suggests variable rates of patient behaviour change following oral health education (OHE) interactions. This review explores the literature to answer the question: what factors influence the provision and reception of OHE messages and the wider OHE process? METHODS A structured search of literature was carried out with databases covering a range of academic disciplines (healthcare sciences, social sciences, education). Key words/terms were searched to elicit papers published since 1998. Citation mining (relevant citations within papers) and citation tracking (papers citing relevant papers) were also used. Recurring themes within the papers were identified and coded using NVivo12 and presented in a conceptual model. RESULTS The studies analysed tended to employ small-scale surveys, larger-scale surveys (some with low response rates), or interview studies of varying sizes. There was also a limited number of review papers. However, several key messages were identified regarding dental professionals' and patients' views on OHE and the factors that influence its provision. Factors that were identified related to the wider social and policy context (macro), community-level factors (meso), the individual practitioner and patient (micro), factors that influenced the nature of OHE interaction and any resulting behaviour change, and how the outcomes of the process influence future OHE interactions for both parties. CONCLUSIONS The literature highlighted how factors influence the OHE process before, during and after the educational interaction. The resultant conceptual model acknowledges the influence of wider 'upstream' factors alongside interpersonal and individual influences which should be taken into consideration when developing OHE interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barnes
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alison Bullock
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Giles E, Gray-Burrows KA, Bhatti A, Rutter L, Purdy J, Zoltie T, Pavitt S, Marshman Z, West R, Day PF. "Strong Teeth": an early-phase study to assess the feasibility of an oral health intervention delivered by dental teams to parents of young children. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:267. [PMID: 34001087 PMCID: PMC8130402 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01608-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth decay (caries) is a significant health burden in young children. There is strong evidence for the benefits of establishing appropriate home-based oral health behaviours in early childhood. Dental teams are well placed to provide this information and there is clear advice on what oral health information should be given to parents. However, research has shown that there is limited guidance, training and resources on how dental teams should deliver this advice. "Strong Teeth" is a complex oral health intervention, using evidence-based resources and training underpinned by behaviour change psychology, to support behaviour change conversations in dental practice. This early phase evaluation aims to assess the feasibility of this intervention, prior to a full-scale trial. METHODS The study recruited 15 parents of children aged 0-2-years-old and 21 parents of children aged 3-5 years old, from five NHS dental practices across West Yorkshire. Participant demographics, self-reported brushing behaviours, dietary habits, a dental examination and three objective measures of toothbrushing were collected in a home-setting at baseline, then at 2-weeks and 2-months post-intervention. Recruitment, retention and intervention delivery were analysed as key process outcomes. Brushing habits were compared to national toothbrushing guidelines - the Delivering Better Oral Health toolkit (Public Health England). RESULTS Strong Teeth was feasible to deliver in a General Dental Practice setting in 94% of cases. Feasibility of recruitment (37%) exceeded progression criterion, however retention of participants (75%) was below the progression criterion for the 0-2 age group. More than half of children recruited aged 3-5-years had caries experience (52%). Total compliance to toothbrushing guidance at baseline was low (28%) and increased after the intervention (52%), an improvement that was statistically significant. Dietary habits remained largely unchanged. Plaque scores significantly decreased in the 3-5-year-olds and toothbrushing duration increased in all age groups. CONCLUSION "Strong Teeth" intervention delivery and data collection in the home setting was feasible. There was a positive indication of impact on reported toothbrushing behaviours. Some amendments to study design, particularly relating to the inclusion of the 0-2-year-old group, should be considered before progression to a full trial. Trial registration ISRCTN Register: ISRCTN10709150. Registered retrospectively 24/7/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Giles
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK.
| | - K A Gray-Burrows
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - A Bhatti
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - L Rutter
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - J Purdy
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - T Zoltie
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - S Pavitt
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Z Marshman
- School of Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - R West
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - P F Day
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD18 3LD, UK
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Bhatti A, Vinall-Collier K, Duara R, Owen J, Gray-Burrows KA, Day PF. Recommendations for delivering oral health advice: a qualitative supplementary analysis of dental teams, parents' and children's experiences. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:210. [PMID: 33902541 PMCID: PMC8077708 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth decay has a significant impact on children, their families and wider society. The dental consultation provides an opportunity to prevent tooth decay by engaging in an effective oral health conversation with parents and children. However, there is limited literature which explores how these oral health conversations are delivered, received, and understood. AIM To explore the common facilitators of delivering oral health advice from dental teams, parents' and children's experiences, to identify and inform practical recommendations for clinical practice. METHOD The current paper used a qualitative supplementary analysis to reanalyse data of existing published studies by applying a different research question. Qualitative focus groups were undertaken following a semi-structured interview guide with 27 dental team members (dentists, dental nurses, practice managers and receptionists), 37 parents and 120 children (aged 7-10 years old) in the northern region of England. Thematic analysis informed the identification of themes and aggregation of findings. RESULTS Three overarching themes were developed: (1) An engaging and personalised dental visit for parents and children; (2) Dental teams, parents and children working collaboratively to improve oral health habits; and (3) Recommending appropriate oral health products. Many parents and children had little recollection of any preventive oral health conversations when visiting the dentist. Practical solutions were identified by different stakeholders to facilitate three-way, personalised, non-judgemental and supportive oral health conversations. Adopting these innovative approaches will help to enable parents and their children to adopt and maintain appropriate oral health behaviours. CONCLUSION Understanding the context and triangulating the experiences of stakeholders involved in preventive oral health conversations for young children is an essential step in co-designing a complex oral health intervention. This study has provided recommendations for dental practices and wider paediatric health care services. Furthermore, the findings have informed the design of a complex oral health intervention called "Strong Teeth".
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Bhatti
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK.
| | - Karen Vinall-Collier
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Raginie Duara
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Kara A Gray-Burrows
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
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26
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Bhatti A, Gray-Burrows KA, Giles E, Rutter L, Purdy J, Zoltie T, West RM, Pavitt S, Marshman Z, Day PF. "Strong Teeth": the acceptability of an early-phase feasibility trial of an oral health intervention delivered by dental teams to parents of young children. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:138. [PMID: 33743641 PMCID: PMC7980542 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries (tooth decay) in children is a worldwide public health problem. The leading cause of caries is poor oral hygiene behaviours and the frequent consumption of sugary foods and drinks. Changing oral health habits requires effective behaviour change conversations. The dental practice provides an opportunity for dental teams to explore with parents the oral health behaviours they undertake for their young children (0-5 years old). However, evidence suggests that dental teams need further support, training and resources. Therefore, "Strong Teeth" (an oral health intervention) was co-developed to help dental teams undertake these behaviour change conversations. The current paper will explore the acceptability of the "Strong Teeth" intervention with dental teams and parents of children aged 0-5 years old using multiple datasets (interviews, focus groups and dental team member diaries) METHODS: Following the delivery of the "Strong Teeth" intervention, qualitative interviews with parents and focus groups with dental team members were undertaken. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using a theoretical framework of acceptability. The self-reported dental team diaries supplemented the interviews and focus groups and were analysed using framework analysis. RESULTS Four themes were developed: (1) integration within the dental practice; (2) incorporating the Oral-B electric toothbrush; (3) facilitating discussions and demonstrations; and (4) the practicality of the Disney Magic Timer app. Overall, the "Strong Teeth" intervention was acceptable to parents and dental teams. Parents felt the Oral-B electric toothbrush was a good motivator; however, the Disney Magic Timer app received mixed feedback on how well it could be used effectively in the home setting. Findings suggest that the intervention was more acceptable as a "whole team approach" when all members of the dental practice willingly participated. CONCLUSIONS There are limited studies that use a robust process evaluation to measure the acceptability of an intervention. The use of the theoretical framework of acceptability helped identify aspects of the intervention that were positive and helped identify the interventions areas for enhancement moving forwards. Future modifications include enhanced whole team approach training to optimise acceptability to all those involved. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Register, (ISRCTN10709150).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Bhatti
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | | | - Erin Giles
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lucy Rutter
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jayne Purdy
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Tim Zoltie
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Robert M West
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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The Effect of a Personalized Oral Health Education Program on Periodontal Health in an At-Risk Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020846. [PMID: 33478179 PMCID: PMC7844619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
While periodontal disease is associated with many risk factors, socioeconomically disadvantaged communities experience the highest disease burden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized oral health education program, in combination with routine dental treatment, in participants from a low socioeconomic community. We used a randomized, controlled, examiner-blinded clinical trial. A total of 579 participants (aged 18–60 years) were randomly grouped: the intervention group (n = 292) received a personalized oral health education program in combination with routine dental care and the control group (n = 287) received routine dental care. All participants were assessed for improvement in oral health care behaviors, dental plaque, and periodontal status at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. We found a significant drop (p < 0.001) in the plaque indices, Periodontal Probing Depths (PPD) and Bleeding on Probing (BOP) between baseline and the 12-month follow-up for both groups. For BOP, the number of sites positive was significantly different between baseline and the 24-month follow-up (p = 0.037). No differences were found between the two groups for any evaluated clinical outcome. The personalized oral health education program used in the current study did not appear to add significant improvement to clinical outcomes of periodontal health compared with routine restorative dental care per se.
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Saito M, Shimazaki Y, Fukai K, Furuta M, Aida J, Ando Y, Miyazaki H, Kambara M. A multilevel analysis of the importance of oral health instructions for preventing tooth loss: The 8020 Promotion Foundation Study of Japanese Dental Patients. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:328. [PMID: 33208119 PMCID: PMC7672973 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have reported risk factors for tooth loss. Oral health instruction is considered effective at improving oral health behavior and oral health. However, few studies have examined the relationship of dental clinic factors, such as the number of dental hygienists and implementation of oral health instructions, with tooth loss. Here, we conducted a multilevel analysis to clarify the dental clinic risk factors associated with tooth loss. Methods Baseline surveys were conducted at 1216 dental clinics in 46 prefectures in Japan, and 12,399 dental patients aged 20 years and over underwent oral examinations and completed a questionnaire. The dental clinics also completed a questionnaire at baseline. A 3-year follow-up survey included 2488 patients in 585 dental clinics. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk of tooth loss at the patient and clinic levels. Results Of the patient variables, older age, higher mean probing pocket depth, current or past smoking, and bleeding during tooth brushing were associated with higher risks of tooth loss. Individuals with many teeth who visited dental clinics for maintenance were at significantly lower risk of tooth loss. Of the clinic variables, patients attending dental clinics with four or more dental hygienists had a significantly lower risk of tooth loss (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50–0.99). Patients attending dental clinics that provide oral health instructions for 20 min or more had a significantly lower risk of tooth loss (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50–0.96). Conclusions In addition to individual risk factors for tooth loss, dental clinic factors such as length of oral health instruction and number of dental hygienists are associated with tooth loss. In dental clinics, ensuring sufficient time for dental hygienists to provide oral health instructions can help prevent tooth loss in dental patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Saito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Shimazaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan. .,8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kakuhiro Fukai
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,Fukai Institute of Health Science, Misato, Japan
| | - Michiko Furuta
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| | - Hideo Miyazaki
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaki Kambara
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.,Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan
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Discepoli N, Mirra R, Marruganti C, Beneforti C, Doldo T. Efficacy of Behaviour Change Techniques to improve oral hygiene control of individuals undergoing orthodontic therapy. A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2020; 19:3-17. [PMID: 32974991 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to review the available evidence on the efficacy of behaviour change techniques to improve compliance in young orthodontic patients and to compare these with conventional oral hygiene instructions. METHODS The review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. PICO method was used to define eligibility criteria. Two independent reviewers performed the research, examined electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus and CENTRAL) and manually checked relevant journals. Only RCTs with more than 10 participants and 3 months follow-up were included. Data extraction and their qualitative analysis were performed for included studies. RESULTS Search strategy identified 320 articles. After screening for titles, abstracts and full texts, 10 articles were then selected for qualitative analysis. High methodological heterogeneity was present among studies and therefore no meta-analysis was performed. Low risk of bias was detected for one study only. The most common intervention was "mobile phone communication," which was investigated in five studies. Motivational interviewing, repeated reinforcements and visual-aided approach were also examined. CONCLUSION The interest in remote control of patients compliance appears to be fruitful, nonetheless there is no consensus as to a unique treatment protocol. Every other treatment looks beneficial but higher methodological homogeneity should be sought for in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Discepoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Raffaele Mirra
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Crystal Marruganti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Undergraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Beneforti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Doldo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Orthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Li M, Wu Z, Zhang R, Lei L, Ye S, Cheng R, Hu T. Comparison of oral health behaviour between dental and non-dental undergraduates in a university in southwestern China--exploring the future priority for oral health education. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:249. [PMID: 32894119 PMCID: PMC7487576 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Based on a national survey in 2015, people’s oral health behaviour (OHB) has not kept up with the pace of knowledge and attitudes in China after decades of oral health education (OHE). Thus, we need to improve OHE to strengthen people’s OHB. Undergraduates are regarded as the best candidates for the improvement of OHE. The objective of this study is to determine undergraduates’ oral health status and existing problems in OHB by comparing dental and non-dental students at Sichuan University. We hope to provide some suggestions for future OHE to improve people’s OHB. Methods A quasi-experimental study designed with a pre-test and post-test group was conducted. A total of 217 dental students and 135 non-dental students were enrolled. They were administered an OHE course focused on OHB. A survey about oral health behaviour and knowledge was conducted before and after the course. Results According to the pre-course survey, dental students surpassed non-dental students in terms of toothbrushing frequency, method, and time, but unfortunately, flossing was overlooked by all the students. After the course, both dental and non-dental students showed strong willingness to improve their OHB. More non-dental students than dental students were willing to use toothpicks and Chinese herbal toothpaste before and after the course. Conclusions OHE focused on behaviour has a positive effect on university students. Future OHE and interventions should focus on flossing, toothbrushing methods, toothpicks, Chinese herbal toothpaste and modifications to adopt new media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwu Wu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siqi Ye
- West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Doğramacı EJ, Naini FB, Brennan DS. The long-term influence of orthodontic treatment on dental knowledge and behaviour: An Australian cohort study. J Dent 2020; 100:103345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Xiang B, Wong HM, Perfecto AP, McGrath CPJ. The application of theory-guided oral health interventions in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Health 2020; 36:879-894. [PMID: 32755399 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1801679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore theory-guided randomized controlled trials aimed at improving adolescents' oral health and evaluate their effectiveness. DESIGN Multiple library databases with search criteria for articles between 1990 and 2019. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Searched references were coded and screened for theory-guided interventions for adolescent oral health. Characteristics of each study (study sample, adopted theory, outcome measures, length of follow-up and main findings) were extracted and the quality of the eligible trials assessed. Effect sizes for theory-guided interventions for different follow-up periods were analysed and compared with traditional oral health education. RESULTS About 2135 results were uncovered, 64 were extracted for further screening, and 10 studies were eligible for inclusion. For plaque presence outcomes, no statistical difference was observed between theory-guided interventions and traditional interventions at 3 months (MD: -5.94, 95% CI: -16.39 to 4.51). When the duration of observation was extended to over one year, a significant reduction was found (SMD: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.04). CONCLUSION Theory-guided interventions for improving oral hygiene status appear to be more effective than traditional interventions for adolescents in the long term. However, more comprehensive studies are required for validation to support the implementation and adoption of these programs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilu Xiang
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Antonio P Perfecto
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Colman P J McGrath
- Department of Dental Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Gallagher J, Ashley P, Needleman I. Implementation of a behavioural change intervention to enhance oral health behaviours in elite athletes: a feasibility study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000759. [PMID: 32577302 PMCID: PMC7304795 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor oral health of elite athletes is common and is associated with negative performance impacts. There is a need for oral health promotion strategies that are effective within the elite sport environment. Aim To develop, implement and evaluate a pragmatic oral health promotion intervention that integrated the capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour model of behavioural change into the knowledge transfer system for effective implementation of preventive interventions. Methods Repeated measures study. Athletes and support team together viewed one 10 min presentation and three 90 s information films. Athletes alone received oral health screening, personalised advice and an oral health toolkit. Outcome measures included: (1) oral health knowledge, athlete-reported performance impacts (Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, OSTRC score), use of oral hygiene aids, gingival inflammation (bleeding) score, recorded at baseline, 4-6 weeks and 12-16 weeks and (2) athlete feedback. Results We recruited 62 athletes; 44 (71%) male and 58 (93.5%) white British, 55 (88.7%) athletes completed the study. Mean knowledge score improved from 5.69 (1.59) to 6.93 (1.32) p<0.001. Mean OSTRC score reduced from 8.73 (14.54) to 2.73 (11.31) p<0.001. Athlete use of prescription strength fluoride toothpaste increased from 8 (12.9%) to 45 (80.4%) p<0.001. Athlete-reported use of interdental cleaning aids at least 2-3 x week increased from 10 (16.2%) to 21 (34%) p=0.013. Bleeding score remained unchanged. Conclusion This behavioural change intervention was successfully implemented within different elite sport environments. It was associated with an increase in athlete oral health knowledge, enhanced oral health behaviour, a reduction in self-reported performance impacts and high participant retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gallagher
- Centre for Oral Health and Performance, University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Paul Ashley
- Centre for Oral Health and Performance, University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Ian Needleman
- Centre for Oral Health and Performance, University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
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Schensul JJ, Salvi A, Ha T, Reisine S, Li J, Moni Y. Building a new scale to measure worries about oral hygiene self-management in vulnerable older adults. Gerodontology 2020; 37:361-373. [PMID: 32410346 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper describes a new scale to measure worries about self-management of oral hygiene in low-income older adults. BACKGROUND Oral hygiene that prevents oral diseases and worsening of chronic conditions improves with instruction, but other cognitive/emotional factors impede oral hygiene practice especially among older adults. Many scales measure dental anxiety, but none measures oral hygiene self-management worries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Formative research with diverse older adults 55-95 in low-income housing identified scale items. A 23-item scale was tested in a pilot intervention study (n = 84) and formalised with a new sample (N = 331). RESULTS In both studies, PCA/factor analysis produced two subscales: (a) worries about cleaning teeth and (b) consequences of cleaning. Chronbach's alpha coefficient evaluated internal consistency, and Pearson's r and Kendall tau/Spearman's rho evaluated scale predictability, convergent and divergent validity. The scale and subscales showed good internal consistency in both studies (over 0.90) and stability T0 0.90; T1: 0.90). In the larger sample, statistically significant correlations between the scale, subscales; plaque score, and similar scales (perceived risk of oral health problems, and fears of oral diseases) demonstrated convergent validity. For divergent validity, the worries scale, not the GOHAI, a similar scale measuring oral health life quality, was associated with Plaque Score. Each scale was associated with different mediators suggesting different constructs. CONCLUSION The overall scale has good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, predictability and convergent and divergent validity. It captures a psycho-emotional construct useful in oral health research and hygiene education with older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apoorva Salvi
- Institute for Community Research, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Toan Ha
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Susan Reisine
- University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Jianghong Li
- Institute for Community Research, Hartford, Connecticut
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Al Rawahi SH, Asimakopoulou K, Masood M, Al Bulushi NM, Al Yaqoobi KH, Newton JT. The Psychological Models of Health-related Behavior in Understanding Sugars Intake in Adults: A Review. Oman Med J 2020; 35:e114. [PMID: 32308991 PMCID: PMC7151060 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Free sugars intake plays a major role in dental caries formation and other general health issues such as obesity. Therefore, interventions, which assist individuals or populations in the control of their free sugars intake, are of central importance in caries prevention strategies. There is good evidence that behavioral interventions benefit from a foundation in conceptual theories of behavior change founded on empirical data. In this review, we discuss the future application of seven theories, including six common psychological theories in predicting and developing interventions to reduce free sugars intake related to dental caries among adults. For each model, we summarize its key features and the data derived from its application in general and oral health settings and make recommendations for future research. We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Global Health, PubMed, and Embase databases to identify items dealing with dental caries, adults, sugars intake, and six psychological theories. These included the Transtheoretical Model of Change, Theory of Planned Behavior, Social Cognitive Theory, Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, PRIME Theory, and Behavior Change Wheel theories. We searched literature published in the last 10 years, and priority was given to systematic reviews and randomized control trials. Although there is extensive literature on the application of the six psychological theories, there is a gap in knowledge about their effectiveness in reducing free sugars intake related to dental caries among adults. There is a need for better-designed trials of interventions based on the clear operationalization of psychological constructs to reduce sugars intake among the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koula Asimakopoulou
- Department of Population and Patient Health, Dental Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mohd Masood
- Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Jonathon Timothy Newton
- Department of Population and Patient Health, Dental Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
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Kay E, Shou L. A randomised controlled trial of a smartphone application for improving oral hygiene. Br Dent J 2019; 226:508-511. [PMID: 30980006 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to test the effectiveness and acceptability of a smartphone application used in conjunction with a movement sensor toothbrushing attachment for promoting plaque control. Method One hundred and eight dental practice patients were recruited to the study from two general dental practices. Participants were randomised to test and control groups, and both groups offered oral hygiene instruction according to a single protocol. Test participants were given the smartphone device and toothbrush attachment. Control patients were not. After two and four weeks, full mouth plaque scores of the mouths of both test and control participants were measured. A comprehensive questionnaire administered to the test group assessed participants' views about the acceptability of the smartphone device and application. Results Full mouth plaque scores declined from 40.1 to 11.7, a reduction of 70% in the test group compared to a reduction from 29.1 to 20.5 (30%) in the control group. The device was found to be very well accepted. Participants were conscious of improving their brushing and improving their knowledge of how to brush well. They also reported enjoyment and fun being derived from use of the device and found it simple to use. Conclusion Providing immediate day-to-day feedback to dental patients about their brushing results in dramatic improvements in oral hygiene and highly significant reductions in plaque levels, in at least the short-term; beyond that seen in previous toothbrushing interventions with adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kay
- University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Lone Shou
- National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore
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Sharif MO, Newton T, Cunningham SJ. A systematic review to assess interventions delivered by mobile phones in improving adherence to oral hygiene advice for children and adolescents. Br Dent J 2019; 227:375-382. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Herval ÁM, de Oliveira FPSL, Machado KM, Vasconcelos M, Ferreira RC, Ferreira EFE, Amaral JHLD, Vargas AMD, Gomes VE. Mothers' perception about health education in brazilian primary health care: A qualitative study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:669-676. [PMID: 30817034 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health education actions are strategic actions aimed at health promotion. Moreover, better health education practices have been linked to comprehensive care developed by primary health services. AIM To understand the perception of mothers about the health education developed by the Primary Health Care (PHC) services. DESIGN We adopted a qualitative research approach, conducted using semi-structured interviews, and assuming, as the theoretical reference, the attributes derived from PHC. Pregnant women and mothers of children under 1 year old attended by Brazilian Family Health teams were included. RESULTS Eight pregnant women and twelve mothers of children under 1 year of age participated in the study. These mothers perceive educational actions as necessary only for primiparous mothers. They value the guidance of informal networks and maternity hospitals to the detriment of primary services, and they do not adhere to care that conflicts with their previous knowledge. The evidence shows that the educational actions of the primary health services do not adequately respond to the attributes of community orientation, family focus, and cultural competence. CONCLUSION It is necessary to modify the educational practices in order to incorporate and value the existing knowledge in the territory, thereby adapting the care guidelines to the local context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álex Moreira Herval
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Kecyanne Malheiros Machado
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Vasconcelos
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Efigênia Ferreira E Ferreira
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Lara do Amaral
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andréa Maria Duarte Vargas
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Viviane Elisângela Gomes
- Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais - Social and Preventive Department, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Rosing K, Leggett H, Csikar J, Vinall-Collier K, Christensen LB, Whelton H, Douglas GVA. Barriers and facilitators for prevention in Danish dental care. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:439-451. [PMID: 30905244 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1587503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators to oral disease prevention in Danish dental care from a multi-stakeholder perspective. Methods: Eleven semi-structured focus groups and interviews about Danish oral healthcare were conducted with 27 stakeholders (general public, dental teams, dental policy makers) in Copenhagen. Transcripts were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis independently by KR and HL, supervised by JC and KVC. Results: Seven broad themes were identified, including both barriers and facilitators: Knowledge and attitudes, Education and training, Regulation, Incentivization, Multidisciplinary approach, Access to care and the Dental professional-patient relationship. Whilst all themes were relevant to each group of stakeholders, the salient driver within each theme was different for each group. Conclusions: Stakeholder perspectives on the Danish Oral health care system suggest the following are important features for a preventively focused system: (a) Involving all stakeholders in oral healthcare planning. (b) Securing sufficient and ongoing briefing regarding disease prevention for all stakeholders. (c) Regulatory support and creation of incentives to promote and facilitate implementation of disease prevention. (d) Appropriate prevention for disadvantaged groups within society which may be possible to a higher degree by means of multidisciplinary collaboration. (e) Personal relations between the patient and the professional based on mutual trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Rosing
- Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. Leggett
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J. Csikar
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - L. B. Christensen
- Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. Whelton
- Oral Health Services Research Centre, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract
A large portion of oral health education is carried out by dental care professionals in general dental practice. Awareness that the giving of advice or facts relating to oral disease is unlikely to change behaviour in itself should be a determining factor in the content and delivery of health messages. Recognising the mechanism whereby messages may be translated into actions is fundamental to constructing an oral health plan for patients. The DIKW pathway (data-information-knowledge-wisdom) is an easily understood concept which can be applied alongside, or in place of, more technical behavioural or socio-environmental models to inform the composition of oral health education delivery. This model can be applied also to other areas of communication in the dental setting, including enabling patient decision-making and giving consent. Developed for business information systems and analysts, it suggests a pathway from giving and receiving advice, through to action based on personal contextual meanings and motivations which are perceived as wisdom.
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Toniazzo MP, Nodari D, Muniz FWMG, Weidlich P. Effect of mHealth in improving oral hygiene: A systematic review with meta‐analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:297-309. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirian P. Toniazzo
- Department of PeriodontologyFederal University Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Daniela Nodari
- Department of PeriodontologyFederal University Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Weidlich
- Department of PeriodontologyFederal University Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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Eden E, Akyildiz M, Sönmez I. Comparison of Two School-Based Oral Health Education Programs in 9-Year-Old Children. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2018; 39:189-196. [PMID: 30577724 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x18819980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of two school-based oral health education (OHE) programs on the oral health knowledge and behavior and oral hygiene of 9-year-old children in Turkey. The study included 1,053 school children aged 9 years in Aydin, Turkey. This study was a prospective, two-arm, and parallel-group clinical trial between two different OHE programs. The dentist group received one lecture on OHE given by dentists in the classroom. The teacher group had a similar lecture given by school teachers, including supporting materials which were available throughout the academic year. Oral health knowledge and behavior were evaluated with a questionnaire at baseline, and then at 1 and 6 months. In total, 110 students were randomly selected to undergo a plaque accumulation assessment according to the Silness-Löe Index at baseline and 1 month later to determine the effects of the education programs on oral hygiene. At baseline, tooth-brushing frequency was similar in the study groups. Compared with baseline, the frequency of brushing increased significantly after 1 and 6 months in both groups ( p < .001). Teacher education was more effective for teaching correct brushing techniques ( p < .001). A significant decrease in plaque accumulation has been evaluated in both study groups at the 1-month examination after the education session ( p < .05). Both OHE programs were found to generate improvements in knowledge and behavior of children on oral health and plaque control in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Eden
- 1 Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Melis Akyildiz
- 2 Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Turkey
| | - Işıl Sönmez
- 2 Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Turkey
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Does Instruction of Oral Health Behavior for Workers Improve Work Performance?-Quasi-Randomized Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122630. [PMID: 30477210 PMCID: PMC6313762 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral disease can cause economic loss due to impaired work performance. Therefore, improvement of oral health status and prevention of oral disease is essential among workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether oral health-related behavioral modification intervention influences work performance or improves oral health behavior and oral health status among Japanese workers. We quasi-randomly separated participants into the intervention group or the control group at baseline. The intervention group received intensive oral health instruction at baseline and a self-assessment every three months. Both groups received oral examinations and answered the self-questionnaire at baseline and at one-year follow-up. At follow-up, the prevalence of subjects who use fluoride toothpastes and interdental brushes/dental floss were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. Three variables (tooth brushing in workplace, using fluoride toothpaste, and experience of receiving tooth brushing instruction in a dental clinic) showed significant improvement only in the intervention group. On the other hand, work performance and oral status did not significantly change in either group. Our intensive oral health-related behavioral modification intervention improved oral health behavior, but neither work performance nor oral status, among Japanese workers.
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Soldani FA, Lamont T, Jones K, Young L, Walsh T, Lala R, Clarkson JE. One-to-one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 10:CD007447. [PMID: 30380139 PMCID: PMC6516798 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007447.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective oral hygiene measures carried out on a regular basis are vital to maintain good oral health. One-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) within the dental setting is often provided as a means to motivate individuals and to help achieve improved levels of oral health. However, it is unclear if one-to-one OHA in a dental setting is effective in improving oral health and what method(s) might be most effective and efficient. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of one-to-one OHA, provided by a member of the dental team within the dental setting, on patients' oral health, hygiene, behaviour, and attitudes compared to no advice or advice in a different format. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 10 November 2017); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2017, Issue 10) in the Cochrane Library (searched 10 November 2017); MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 10 November 2017); and Embase Ovid (1980 to 10 November 2017). The US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were also searched for ongoing trials (10 November 2017). No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. Reference lists of relevant articles and previously published systematic reviews were handsearched. The authors of eligible trials were contacted, where feasible, to identify any unpublished work. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials assessing the effects of one-to-one OHA delivered by a dental care professional in a dental care setting with a minimum of 8 weeks follow-up. We included healthy participants or participants who had a well-defined medical condition. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS At least two review authors carried out selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias independently and in duplicate. Consensus was achieved by discussion, or involvement of a third review author if required. MAIN RESULTS Nineteen studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review with data available for a total of 4232 participants. The included studies reported a wide variety of interventions, study populations, clinical outcomes and outcome measures. There was substantial clinical heterogeneity amongst the studies and it was not deemed appropriate to pool data in a meta-analysis. We summarised data by categorising similar interventions into comparison groups.Comparison 1: Any form of one-to-one OHA versus no OHAFour studies compared any form of one-to-one OHA versus no OHA.Two studies reported the outcome of gingivitis. Although one small study had contradictory results at 3 months and 6 months, the other study showed very low-quality evidence of a benefit for OHA at all time points (very low-quality evidence).The same two studies reported the outcome of plaque. There was low-quality evidence that these interventions showed a benefit for OHA in plaque reduction at all time points.Two studies reported the outcome of dental caries at 6 months and 12 months respectively. There was very low-quality evidence of a benefit for OHA at 12 months.Comparison 2: Personalised one-to-one OHA versus routine one-to-one OHAFour studies compared personalised OHA versus routine OHA.There was little evidence available that any of these interventions demonstrated a difference on the outcomes of gingivitis, plaque or dental caries (very low quality).Comparison 3: Self-management versus professional OHAFive trials compared some form of self-management with some form of professional OHA.There was little evidence available that any of these interventions demonstrated a difference on the outcomes of gingivitis or plaque (very low quality). None of the studies measured dental caries.Comparison 4: Enhanced one-to-one OHA versus one-to-one OHASeven trials compared some form of enhanced OHA with some form of routine OHA.There was little evidence available that any of these interventions demonstrated a difference on the outcomes of gingivitis, plaque or dental caries (very low quality). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There was insufficient high-quality evidence to recommend any specific one-to-one OHA method as being effective in improving oral health or being more effective than any other method. Further high-quality randomised controlled trials are required to determine the most effective, efficient method of one-to-one OHA for oral health maintenance and improvement. The design of such trials should be cognisant of the limitations of the available evidence presented in this Cochrane Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca A Soldani
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation TrustCommunity Dental ServiceBradfordUK
| | - Thomas Lamont
- University of Dundee, Dental School & HospitalPark PlaceDundeeTaysideUKDD1 4HN
| | | | - Linda Young
- NHS Education for ScotlandScottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness ProgrammeDundee Dental Education CentreSmall's WyndDundeeUKDD1 4HN
| | - Tanya Walsh
- The University of ManchesterDivision of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthJR Moore BuildingOxford RoadManchesterUKM13 9PL
| | - Rizwana Lala
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of SheffieldUnit of Dental Public HealthClaremont CrescentSheffieldUKS10 2TA
| | - Janet E Clarkson
- Dundee Dental School, University of DundeeDivision of Oral Health SciencesPark PlaceDundeeScotlandUKDD1 4HR
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Exploring the feasibility of general health promotion in UK dental primary care: ENGAGE in Scotland. Br Dent J 2018; 225:645-656. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Data sourcesThe methodology followed the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of interventions with MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase and LILACS databases searched. Publication date was limited to 1995-2015 with no restriction on language.Study selectionTwo independent reviewers selected randomised controlled clinical trials involving oral health education provided by a dental care professional to children aged between five and 18 years old within a school setting. Eligible studies were those which had outcomes including caries, plaque accumulation, gingivitis, toothache or tooth loss. Randomisation was at group (school and/or classroom) or individual level. The control groups were not provided with an educational programme on oral health, however they could have been given an action that belonged to the school's curricular framework.Data extraction and synthesisThe title and abstract of each study was reviewed and critically assessed by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook. Studies where the data of interest were presented in charts or were of dichotomous data were not included in meta-analysis.ResultsTwelve studies were included in this systematic review. Five studies showed plaque level reduction in the intervention groups and two studies found no effect of the interventions on gingivitis. There was insufficient evidence on effectiveness of the interventions in reducing dental caries.ConclusionsTraditional oral health educational actions were effective in reducing plaque in the short-term, but not gingivitis. There was no long-term evidence regarding the effectiveness of traditional oral health educational actions in the school environment on preventing plaque accumulation, gingivitis and dental caries in schoolchildren.Acknowledgements This study was funded in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).
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Amoo-Achampong F, Vitunac DE, Deeley K, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Complex patterns of response to oral hygiene instructions: longitudinal evaluation of periodontal patients. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:72. [PMID: 29716557 PMCID: PMC5930808 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral hygiene instruction is an intervention widely practiced but increased knowledge about oral health does not necessarily dramatically impact oral disease prevalence in populations. We aimed to measure plaque and bleeding in periodontal patients over time to determine patterns of patient response to oral hygiene instructions. Methods Longitudinal plaque and bleeding index data were evaluated in 227 periodontal patients to determine the impact of oral hygiene instructions. Over multiple visits, we determined relative plaque accumulation and gingival bleeding for each patient. Subsequently, we grouped them in three types of oral hygiene status in response to initial instructions, using the longitudinal data over the period they were treated and followed for their periodontal needs. These patterns of oral hygiene based on the plaque and gingival bleeding indexes were evaluated based on age, sex, ethnic background, interleukin 1 alpha and beta genotypes, diabetes status, smoking habits, and other concomitant diseases. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine if any differences between these variables were statistically significant with alpha set at 0.05. Results Three patterns in response to oral hygiene instructions emerged. Plaque and gingival bleeding indexes improved, worsened, or fluctuated over time in the periodontal patients studied. Out of all the confounders considered, only ethnic background showed statistically significant differences. White individuals more often than other ethnic groups fluctuated in regards to oral hygiene quality after instructions. Conclusions There are different responses to professional oral hygiene instructions. These responses may be related to ethnicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-018-0537-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Amoo-Achampong
- Departments of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - David E Vitunac
- Departments of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Departments of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Departments of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Departments of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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Gray-Burrows KA, Owen J, Day PF. Learning from good practice: a review of current oral health promotion materials for parents of young children. Br Dent J 2018. [PMID: 28642506 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To examine the quality of UK-based oral health promotion materials (OHPM) for parents of young children aged 0-5 years old.Data sources OHPM were obtained via email request to dental public health consultants and oral health promotion teams in the UK, structured web-based searches or collected from oral health events.Data selection Materials were included if: they were freely available; they were in English; they were parent facing and included oral health advice aimed at children aged 0-5-years-old.Data extraction Quality assessment was based on: whether the oral health messages were consistent with Public Health England's Delivering better oral health guidance, and what barriers to good oral health were addressed by the OHPM using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).Data synthesis A wide range of printed and digital OHPM were identified (n = 111). However, only one piece of material covered all 16 guidance points identified in Public Health England's Delivering better oral health (mean 6, SD 4), and one other material addressed all 12 domains of the TDF (mean 6, SD 2).Conclusions Although there were examples of high quality, further development is required to ensure OHPM are clear, consistent and address a wider range of barriers to good oral health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Owen
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT
| | - P F Day
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT
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Madiba TK, Bhayat A, Nkambule NR. Self-reported Knowledge, Attitude and Consumption of Sugar-sweetened Beverages among Undergraduate Oral Health Students at a University in South Africa. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:S137-S142. [PMID: 29285468 PMCID: PMC5730975 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_306_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and its association with body mass index (BMI) among undergraduate oral health students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was used and the study was conducted at a South African dental university. Undergraduate dental and oral hygiene students (n = 344) registered in 2015 were invited to participate. A self-administered questionnaire was used to elicit the necessary information. Data analysis included frequencies and correlations using Chi-square tests. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The response rate was 88% (301) and the mean age was 22.3 years (range: 17–42; standard deviation ±3.2). The majority were female (72%) and 70% of respondents had an acceptable level of knowledge on the types of SSBs and possible health conditions if consumed excessively. Almost half (46%) had a positive attitude toward the consumption of SSBs. Clinical students had a significantly higher level of knowledge compared to nonclinical students (P = 0.03). Participants consumed an average of six teaspoons (±9.5) of sugar from SSBs daily. Those with poor knowledge and attitude consumed significantly more SSBs (P < 0.01) than those with higher levels of knowledge and attitude. Males were significantly more obese and overweight than females (P < 0.01). There was no association between the amount of sugar consumed from SSBs and the BMI. Conclusions: The knowledge and attitude toward SSBs was acceptable. Although sugar consumption from SSBs was relatively high, there was no significant correlation between the consumption of SSBs and the BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Madiba
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ahmed Bhayat
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Innes NP, Manton DJ. Minimum intervention children's dentistry – the starting point for a lifetime of oral health. Br Dent J 2017; 223:205-213. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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