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Leggett H, Vinall-Collier K, Csikar J, Owen J, Edwebi S, Douglas GVA. A scoping review of dental practitioners' perspectives on perceived barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care in general dental practice. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:249. [PMID: 38368349 PMCID: PMC10874524 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health has an important role in the general health and well-being of individuals. Dental teams are ideally placed to support patients in preventing ill-health. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to the adoption, promotion and facilitation of preventive advice and treatment is key to improving oral health services. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is a useful psychological framework to help identify individual, interpersonal and environmental issues which could be impacting clinicians' ability to provide preventive advice and care. The aim of this review was to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care from the perspectives of the oral healthcare team within the general dental practice. METHODS A search strategy was developed, piloted, and run in: Medline via Ovid, PsycInfo, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and followed PRISMA guidelines. Identified records were screened independently by two researchers. Data were coded using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and analysed using narrative data synthesis. RESULTS 5610 papers were identified, and 19 included in this review. Thirteen papers focussed on dentists. Of the 106 items mapped onto the TDF, 48 were facilitators. The domains most frequently represented were, environmental context and resources, beliefs about consequences, social professional role and identity, skills, beliefs about capabilities and knowledge. Six studies focussed on dental hygienists. There were 47 items mapped onto the TDF, 18 were facilitators. The domains most frequently represented were environmental context and resources, social influences, beliefs about consequences and knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The review identified that the delivery of preventive activities did not focus solely on the patient and dental professional interaction as many previous studies have highlighted. The review found that multiple factors influence whether prevention is delivered to patients. The largest barrier and facilitator for the dental professionals identified in this review was the environmental context and resources. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that aim to promote preventive oral health care in primary care settings to understand whether they address the barriers identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Leggett
- York Trials Unit, The University of York, York, UK.
| | | | - J Csikar
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Owen
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S Edwebi
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - G V A Douglas
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Redmayne KA, Reese RJ, Zetzer HA, Conoley CW, Owen J. Do routine outcome monitoring measures tell the same story? Evaluating outcome trajectories and clinical outcomes for the outcome rating scale and outcome questionnaire - 45. Psychother Res 2024; 34:195-204. [PMID: 36931233 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2181113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) of psychotherapy improves client outcomes and reduces premature terminations. Two ROM systems with the most empirical support are the OQ System (Lambert, 2010) and the Partners for Change Outcome Management System (PCOMS; Duncan, 2012; Miller et al., 2005). We evaluated if the global distress measures, the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS; PCOMS) and the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 (OQ-45; OQ System) show similar outcome trajectories and rates of reliable and clinically significant change when completed by the same clients. Participants (N = 290) were clients from archived data collected in a training clinic for a psychology doctoral program in the western United States, who completed both the ORS and OQ-45 across treatment. Bi-variate correlations between the ORS and OQ-45 were highly correlated at the first session (r = -.73), and for later sessions linear and quadratic estimates were only moderately related (rs = -.31 to -.57). Statistically significantly more clients indicated both reliable change and clinically significant change on the ORS compared to the OQ-45. The results indicate that these measures are correlated but not interchangeable in relation to the conclusions they generate about treatment outcomes. Measurement tools should be carefully considered given the potential for different conclusions to be drawn regarding treatment progress and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Redmayne
- Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - R J Reese
- Special Education, Rehabilitation, and Counseling, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - H A Zetzer
- Carol Ackerman Positive Psychology Clinic, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - C W Conoley
- Psychology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - J Owen
- Counseling Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Raman B, McCracken C, Cassar MP, Moss AJ, Finnigan L, Samat AHA, Ogbole G, Tunnicliffe EM, Alfaro-Almagro F, Menke R, Xie C, Gleeson F, Lukaschuk E, Lamlum H, McGlynn K, Popescu IA, Sanders ZB, Saunders LC, Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, Nikolaidou C, Rahman NM, Ho LP, Harris VC, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Pfeffer P, Manisty C, Kon OM, Beggs M, O'Regan DP, Fuld J, Weir-McCall JR, Parekh D, Steeds R, Poinasamy K, Cuthbertson DJ, Kemp GJ, Semple MG, Horsley A, Miller CA, O'Brien C, Shah AM, Chiribiri A, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJC, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Houchen-Wolloff L, Greening NJ, Bolton CE, Brown JS, Choudhury G, Diar Bakerly N, Easom N, Echevarria C, Marks M, Hurst JR, Jones MG, Wootton DG, Chalder T, Davies MJ, De Soyza A, Geddes JR, Greenhalf W, Howard LS, Jacob J, Man WDC, Openshaw PJM, Porter JC, Rowland MJ, Scott JT, Singh SJ, Thomas DC, Toshner M, Lewis KE, Heaney LG, Harrison EM, Kerr S, Docherty AB, Lone NI, Quint J, Sheikh A, Zheng B, Jenkins RG, Cox E, Francis S, Halling-Brown M, Chalmers JD, Greenwood JP, Plein S, Hughes PJC, Thompson AAR, Rowland-Jones SL, Wild JM, Kelly M, Treibel TA, Bandula S, Aul R, Miller K, Jezzard P, Smith S, Nichols TE, McCann GP, Evans RA, Wain LV, Brightling CE, Neubauer S, Baillie JK, Shaw A, Hairsine B, Kurasz C, Henson H, Armstrong L, Shenton L, Dobson H, Dell A, Lucey A, Price A, Storrie A, Pennington C, Price C, Mallison G, Willis G, Nassa H, Haworth J, Hoare M, Hawkings N, Fairbairn S, Young S, Walker S, Jarrold I, Sanderson A, David C, Chong-James K, Zongo O, James WY, Martineau A, King B, Armour C, McAulay D, Major E, McGinness J, McGarvey L, Magee N, Stone R, Drain S, Craig T, Bolger A, Haggar A, Lloyd A, Subbe C, Menzies D, Southern D, McIvor E, Roberts K, Manley R, Whitehead V, Saxon W, Bularga A, Mills NL, El-Taweel H, Dawson J, Robinson L, Saralaya D, Regan K, Storton K, Brear L, Amoils S, Bermperi A, Elmer A, Ribeiro C, Cruz I, Taylor J, Worsley J, Dempsey K, Watson L, Jose S, Marciniak S, Parkes M, McQueen A, Oliver C, Williams J, Paradowski K, Broad L, Knibbs L, Haynes M, Sabit R, Milligan L, Sampson C, Hancock A, Evenden C, Lynch C, Hancock K, Roche L, Rees M, Stroud N, Thomas-Woods T, Heller S, Robertson E, Young B, Wassall H, Babores M, Holland M, Keenan N, Shashaa S, Price C, Beranova E, Ramos H, Weston H, Deery J, Austin L, Solly R, Turney S, Cosier T, Hazelton T, Ralser M, Wilson A, Pearce L, Pugmire S, Stoker W, McCormick W, Dewar A, Arbane G, Kaltsakas G, Kerslake H, Rossdale J, Bisnauthsing K, Aguilar Jimenez LA, Martinez LM, Ostermann M, Magtoto MM, Hart N, Marino P, Betts S, Solano TS, Arias AM, Prabhu A, Reed A, Wrey Brown C, Griffin D, Bevan E, Martin J, Owen J, Alvarez Corral M, Williams N, Payne S, Storrar W, Layton A, Lawson C, Mills C, Featherstone J, Stephenson L, Burdett T, Ellis Y, Richards A, Wright C, Sykes DL, Brindle K, Drury K, Holdsworth L, Crooks MG, Atkin P, Flockton R, Thackray-Nocera S, Mohamed A, Taylor A, Perkins E, Ross G, McGuinness H, Tench H, Phipps J, Loosley R, Wolf-Roberts R, Coetzee S, Omar Z, Ross A, Card B, Carr C, King C, Wood C, Copeland D, Calvelo E, Chilvers ER, Russell E, Gordon H, Nunag JL, Schronce J, March K, Samuel K, Burden L, Evison L, McLeavey L, Orriss-Dib L, Tarusan L, Mariveles M, Roy M, Mohamed N, Simpson N, Yasmin N, Cullinan P, Daly P, Haq S, Moriera S, Fayzan T, Munawar U, Nwanguma U, Lingford-Hughes A, Altmann D, Johnston D, Mitchell J, Valabhji J, Price L, Molyneaux PL, Thwaites RS, Walsh S, Frankel A, Lightstone L, Wilkins M, Willicombe M, McAdoo S, Touyz R, Guerdette AM, Warwick K, Hewitt M, Reddy R, White S, McMahon A, Hoare A, Knighton A, Ramos A, Te A, Jolley CJ, Speranza F, Assefa-Kebede H, Peralta I, Breeze J, Shevket K, Powell N, Adeyemi O, Dulawan P, Adrego R, Byrne S, Patale S, Hayday A, Malim M, Pariante C, Sharpe C, Whitney J, Bramham K, Ismail K, Wessely S, Nicholson T, Ashworth A, Humphries A, Tan AL, Whittam B, Coupland C, Favager C, Peckham D, Wade E, Saalmink G, Clarke J, Glossop J, Murira J, Rangeley J, Woods J, Hall L, Dalton M, Window N, Beirne P, Hardy T, Coakley G, Turtle L, Berridge A, Cross A, Key AL, Rowe A, Allt AM, Mears C, Malein F, Madzamba G, Hardwick HE, Earley J, Hawkes J, Pratt J, Wyles J, Tripp KA, Hainey K, Allerton L, Lavelle-Langham L, Melling L, Wajero LO, Poll L, Noonan MJ, French N, Lewis-Burke N, Williams-Howard SA, Cooper S, Kaprowska S, Dobson SL, Marsh S, Highett V, Shaw V, Beadsworth M, Defres S, Watson E, Tiongson GF, Papineni P, Gurram S, Diwanji SN, Quaid S, Briggs A, Hastie C, Rogers N, Stensel D, Bishop L, McIvor K, Rivera-Ortega P, Al-Sheklly B, Avram C, Faluyi D, Blaikely J, Piper Hanley K, Radhakrishnan K, Buch M, Hanley NA, Odell N, Osbourne R, Stockdale S, Felton T, Gorsuch T, Hussell T, Kausar Z, Kabir T, McAllister-Williams H, Paddick S, Burn D, Ayoub A, Greenhalgh A, Sayer A, Young A, Price D, Burns G, MacGowan G, Fisher H, Tedd H, Simpson J, Jiwa K, Witham M, Hogarth P, West S, Wright S, McMahon MJ, Neill P, Dougherty A, Morrow A, Anderson D, Grieve D, Bayes H, Fallon K, Mangion K, Gilmour L, Basu N, Sykes R, Berry C, McInnes IB, Donaldson A, Sage EK, Barrett F, Welsh B, Bell M, Quigley J, Leitch K, Macliver L, Patel M, Hamil R, Deans A, Furniss J, Clohisey S, Elliott A, Solstice AR, Deas C, Tee C, Connell D, Sutherland D, George J, Mohammed S, Bunker J, Holmes K, Dipper A, Morley A, Arnold D, Adamali H, Welch H, Morrison L, Stadon L, Maskell N, Barratt S, Dunn S, Waterson S, Jayaraman B, Light T, Selby N, Hosseini A, Shaw K, Almeida P, Needham R, Thomas AK, Matthews L, Gupta A, Nikolaidis A, Dupont C, Bonnington J, Chrystal M, Greenhaff PL, Linford S, Prosper S, Jang W, Alamoudi A, Bloss A, Megson C, Nicoll D, Fraser E, Pacpaco E, Conneh F, Ogg G, McShane H, Koychev I, Chen J, Pimm J, Ainsworth M, Pavlides M, Sharpe M, Havinden-Williams M, Petousi N, Talbot N, Carter P, Kurupati P, Dong T, Peng Y, Burns A, Kanellakis N, Korszun A, Connolly B, Busby J, Peto T, Patel B, Nolan CM, Cristiano D, Walsh JA, Liyanage K, Gummadi M, Dormand N, Polgar O, George P, Barker RE, Patel S, Price L, Gibbons M, Matila D, Jarvis H, Lim L, Olaosebikan O, Ahmad S, Brill S, Mandal S, Laing C, Michael A, Reddy A, Johnson C, Baxendale H, Parfrey H, Mackie J, Newman J, Pack J, Parmar J, Paques K, Garner L, Harvey A, Summersgill C, Holgate D, Hardy E, Oxton J, Pendlebury J, McMorrow L, Mairs N, Majeed N, Dark P, Ugwuoke R, Knight S, Whittaker S, Strong-Sheldrake S, Matimba-Mupaya W, Chowienczyk P, Pattenadk D, Hurditch E, Chan F, Carborn H, Foot H, Bagshaw J, Hockridge J, Sidebottom J, Lee JH, Birchall K, Turner K, Haslam L, Holt L, Milner L, Begum M, Marshall M, Steele N, Tinker N, Ravencroft P, Butcher R, Misra S, Walker S, Coburn Z, Fairman A, Ford A, Holbourn A, Howell A, Lawrie A, Lye A, Mbuyisa A, Zawia A, Holroyd-Hind B, Thamu B, Clark C, Jarman C, Norman C, Roddis C, Foote D, Lee E, Ilyas F, Stephens G, Newell H, Turton H, Macharia I, Wilson I, Cole J, McNeill J, Meiring J, Rodger J, Watson J, Chapman K, Harrington K, Chetham L, Hesselden L, Nwafor L, Dixon M, Plowright M, Wade P, Gregory R, Lenagh R, Stimpson R, Megson S, Newman T, Cheng Y, Goodwin C, Heeley C, Sissons D, Sowter D, Gregory H, Wynter I, Hutchinson J, Kirk J, Bennett K, Slack K, Allsop L, Holloway L, Flynn M, Gill M, Greatorex M, Holmes M, Buckley P, Shelton S, Turner S, Sewell TA, Whitworth V, Lovegrove W, Tomlinson J, Warburton L, Painter S, Vickers C, Redwood D, Tilley J, Palmer S, Wainwright T, Breen G, Hotopf M, Dunleavy A, Teixeira J, Ali M, Mencias M, Msimanga N, Siddique S, Samakomva T, Tavoukjian V, Forton D, Ahmed R, Cook A, Thaivalappil F, Connor L, Rees T, McNarry M, Williams N, McCormick J, McIntosh J, Vere J, Coulding M, Kilroy S, Turner V, Butt AT, Savill H, Fraile E, Ugoji J, Landers G, Lota H, Portukhay S, Nasseri M, Daniels A, Hormis A, Ingham J, Zeidan L, Osborne L, Chablani M, Banerjee A, David A, Pakzad A, Rangelov B, Williams B, Denneny E, Willoughby J, Xu M, Mehta P, Batterham R, Bell R, Aslani S, Lilaonitkul W, Checkley A, Bang D, Basire D, Lomas D, Wall E, Plant H, Roy K, Heightman M, Lipman M, Merida Morillas M, Ahwireng N, Chambers RC, Jastrub R, Logan S, Hillman T, Botkai A, Casey A, Neal A, Newton-Cox A, Cooper B, Atkin C, McGee C, Welch C, Wilson D, Sapey E, Qureshi H, Hazeldine J, Lord JM, Nyaboko J, Short J, Stockley J, Dasgin J, Draxlbauer K, Isaacs K, Mcgee K, Yip KP, Ratcliffe L, Bates M, Ventura M, Ahmad Haider N, Gautam N, Baggott R, Holden S, Madathil S, Walder S, Yasmin S, Hiwot T, Jackson T, Soulsby T, Kamwa V, Peterkin Z, Suleiman Z, Chaudhuri N, Wheeler H, Djukanovic R, Samuel R, Sass T, Wallis T, Marshall B, Childs C, Marouzet E, Harvey M, Fletcher S, Dickens C, Beckett P, Nanda U, Daynes E, Charalambou A, Yousuf AJ, Lea A, Prickett A, Gooptu B, Hargadon B, Bourne C, Christie C, Edwardson C, Lee D, Baldry E, Stringer E, Woodhead F, Mills G, Arnold H, Aung H, Qureshi IN, Finch J, Skeemer J, Hadley K, Khunti K, Carr L, Ingram L, Aljaroof M, Bakali M, Bakau M, Baldwin M, Bourne M, Pareek M, Soares M, Tobin M, Armstrong N, Brunskill N, Goodman N, Cairns P, Haldar P, McCourt P, Dowling R, Russell R, Diver S, Edwards S, Glover S, Parker S, Siddiqui S, Ward TJC, Mcnally T, Thornton T, Yates T, Ibrahim W, Monteiro W, Thickett D, Wilkinson D, Broome M, McArdle P, Upthegrove R, Wraith D, Langenberg C, Summers C, Bullmore E, Heeney JL, Schwaeble W, Sudlow CL, Adeloye D, Newby DE, Rudan I, Shankar-Hari M, Thorpe M, Pius R, Walmsley S, McGovern A, Ballard C, Allan L, Dennis J, Cavanagh J, Petrie J, O'Donnell K, Spears M, Sattar N, MacDonald S, Guthrie E, Henderson M, Guillen Guio B, Zhao B, Lawson C, Overton C, Taylor C, Tong C, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Turner E, Pearl JE, Sargant J, Wormleighton J, Bingham M, Sharma M, Steiner M, Samani N, Novotny P, Free R, Allen RJ, Finney S, Terry S, Brugha T, Plekhanova T, McArdle A, Vinson B, Spencer LG, Reynolds W, Ashworth M, Deakin B, Chinoy H, Abel K, Harvie M, Stanel S, Rostron A, Coleman C, Baguley D, Hufton E, Khan F, Hall I, Stewart I, Fabbri L, Wright L, Kitterick P, Morriss R, Johnson S, Bates A, Antoniades C, Clark D, Bhui K, Channon KM, Motohashi K, Sigfrid L, Husain M, Webster M, Fu X, Li X, Kingham L, Klenerman P, Miiler K, Carson G, Simons G, Huneke N, Calder PC, Baldwin D, Bain S, Lasserson D, Daines L, Bright E, Stern M, Crisp P, Dharmagunawardena R, Reddington A, Wight A, Bailey L, Ashish A, Robinson E, Cooper J, Broadley A, Turnbull A, Brookes C, Sarginson C, Ionita D, Redfearn H, Elliott K, Barman L, Griffiths L, Guy Z, Gill R, Nathu R, Harris E, Moss P, Finnigan J, Saunders K, Saunders P, Kon S, Kon SS, O'Brien L, Shah K, Shah P, Richardson E, Brown V, Brown M, Brown J, Brown J, Brown A, Brown A, Brown M, Choudhury N, Jones S, Jones H, Jones L, Jones I, Jones G, Jones H, Jones D, Davies F, Davies E, Davies K, Davies G, Davies GA, Howard K, Porter J, Rowland J, Rowland A, Scott K, Singh S, Singh C, Thomas S, Thomas C, Lewis V, Lewis J, Lewis D, Harrison P, Francis C, Francis R, Hughes RA, Hughes J, Hughes AD, Thompson T, Kelly S, Smith D, Smith N, Smith A, Smith J, Smith L, Smith S, Evans T, Evans RI, Evans D, Evans R, Evans H, Evans J. Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study. Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11:1003-1019. [PMID: 37748493 PMCID: PMC7615263 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. METHODS In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025. FINDINGS Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2-6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p<0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5-5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p<0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4-10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p<0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32-4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP >5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23-11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation. INTERPRETATION After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification. FUNDING UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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Lassa S, Saddiq M, Owen J, Burton C, Balen J. Evolving Power Dynamics in Global Health: From Biomedical Hegemony to Market Dynamics in Global Health Financing; A Response to the Recent Commentaries. Int J Health Policy Manag 2023; 12:8264. [PMID: 38618797 PMCID: PMC10590226 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.8264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lassa
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- The Department of Community Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Muhammed Saddiq
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Julie Balen
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faraja, The Gambia
- School of Allied and Public Health Professions, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
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Macklin MG, Thomas CJ, Mudbhatkal A, Brewer PA, Hudson-Edwards KA, Lewin J, Scussolini P, Eilander D, Lechner A, Owen J, Bird G, Kemp D, Mangalaa KR. Impacts of metal mining on river systems: a global assessment. Science 2023; 381:1345-1350. [PMID: 37733841 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg6704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
An estimated 23 million people live on floodplains affected by potentially dangerous concentrations of toxic waste derived from past and present metal mining activity. We analyzed the global dimensions of this hazard, particularly in regard to lead, zinc, copper, and arsenic, using a georeferenced global database detailing all known metal mining sites and intact and failed tailings storage facilities. We then used process-based and empirically tested modeling to produce a global assessment of metal mining contamination in river systems and the numbers of human populations and livestock exposed. Worldwide, metal mines affect 479,200 kilometers of river channels and 164,000 square kilometers of floodplains. The number of people exposed to contamination sourced from long-term discharge of mining waste into rivers is almost 50 times greater than the number directly affected by tailings dam failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Macklin
- Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
- Innovative River Solutions, Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Centre for the Study of the Inland, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C J Thomas
- Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
- University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - A Mudbhatkal
- Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - P A Brewer
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | - K A Hudson-Edwards
- Environment & Sustainability Institute and Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - J Lewin
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | - P Scussolini
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Eilander
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Inland Water Systems, Deltares, Delft, Netherlands Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Lechner
- Monash University Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J Owen
- Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - G Bird
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK
| | - D Kemp
- Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - K R Mangalaa
- Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi, India
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Rutter L, Duara R, Vinall-Collier KA, Owen J, Haley I, Gray-Burrows KA, Hearnshaw S, Marshman Z, Day PF. Experiences of newly qualified dentists in delivering oral health advice to parents/caregivers of young children-challenges and solutions. Front Oral Health 2023; 4:1079584. [PMID: 37273662 PMCID: PMC10235487 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1079584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A key skill for dental professionals to master is their ability to have effective preventive oral health conversations. On qualifying, UK dentists undertake a one-year foundation training programme in general practice. This study explored with Foundation Dentists, the barriers and facilitators to undertaking oral health conversations with parents/caregivers and their children, aged 0-11 years old. Materials and methods Approximately 100 Foundation Dentists from the Yorkshire and Humber region attended a series of focus groups. They discussed how they and their wider dental team undertake oral health conversations with parents/caregivers of young children, aged 0-11 years old. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results Five themes were identified as barriers and facilitators to providing oral health advice: (1) Lack of knowledge around parenting skills and child development; (2) Parental receptivity; (3) Motivation for changing behaviours; (4) Information content and inconsistency; and (5) Current National Health Service (NHS) structures of general dental practice. Discussion A multi-faceted approach is needed to develop the training of Foundation Dentists to undertake preventive oral health conversations with parents/caregivers and children. Such an approach has the potential to improve the patient-practitioner relationship and increase effective behaviour change conversations taking place in general dental care, thus improving children's oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Rutter
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Raginie Duara
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Haley
- Yorkshire and Humber Deanery, Bleinheim House, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Hearnshaw
- Yorkshire and Humber Deanery, Bleinheim House, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter F. Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
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Delgado J, Pritchard W, Varble N, Mikhail A, Owen J, Arrichiello A, Ray T, Lopez-Silva T, Morhard R, Yang J, Kassin M, Mueller J, Xu S, Schneider J, Karanian J, Wood B. Abstract No. 242 Distribution of Imageable Thermosensitive Drug-Loaded Gel in Ex Vivo Bovine Liver Depends on Needle Type and Injection Technique. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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8
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Lassa S, Saddiq M, Owen J, Burton C, Balen J. Power Dynamics Among Health Professionals in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Global Fund Policy Process. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:2876-2885. [PMID: 35461207 PMCID: PMC10105204 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2022.6097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health workers are central to health policy-making. Given health systems' complex, dynamic and political nature, various forms of 'hidden power' are at play as health workers navigate health systems. This study aims to explore the dynamics of power and its sources, and how this shapes policy-making and implementation within the Nigerian health systems context. METHODS The case study was the Global Fund grant in Nigeria, and results are based on an in-depth qualitative study involving 34 semi-structured key informant interviews (KIIs), board-meeting observations, and documentary analysis conducted in 2014 and 2016. Participants held mid to senior-level positions (eg, Director, Programme Manager) within organisations involved with Global Fund activities, particularly proposal development and implementation. Data were analysed using thematic analysis in order to gain insight into the power dynamics of health professionals in policy processes. RESULTS Medical professionals maintained dominance and professional monopoly, thereby controlling policy spaces. The structural and productive power of the biomedical discourse in policy-making encourages global actors and the local government's preference for rapid biomedical models that focus on medications, test kits, and the supply of health services, while neglecting aspects that would help us better understand the poor uptake of these services by those in need. The voices of the repressed groups (eg, non-clinical experts, patients and community based organisations) that better understand barriers to uptake of services are relegated. CONCLUSION Professional monopoly theories help illustrate how medical professionals occupy and maintain an elite position in the health system of Nigeria. Structural and agential factors specific to the contexts are key in maintaining this professional monopoly while limiting the opportunities for other health occupations' rise up the social status ladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lassa
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- The Department of Community Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Muhammed Saddiq
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher Burton
- Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julie Balen
- School of Health and Health Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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9
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Giles E, Wray F, Eskyte I, Gray-Burrows KA, Owen J, Bhatti A, Zoltie T, McEachan R, Marshman Z, Pavitt S, West RM, Day PF. HABIT: Health visitors delivering Advice in Britain on Infant Toothbrushing - an early-phase feasibility study of a complex oral health intervention. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059665. [PMID: 36216423 PMCID: PMC9557312 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct an early-phase feasibility study of an oral health intervention, Health visitors delivering Advice on Britain on Infant Toothbrushing (HABIT), delivered by Health Visitors to parents of children aged 9-12 months old. DESIGN A mixed-methods, early-phase, non-controlled, feasibility study. PARTICIPANTS Recruitment consisted of Group A-HABIT-trained Health Visitors (n=11) and Group B-parents of children aged 9-12 months old about to receive their universal health check (n=35). SETTING Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK. INTERVENTION A multidisciplinary team co-developed digital and paper-based training resources with health visitors and parents of young children. The intervention comprised of two components: (A) training for health visitors to deliver the HABIT intervention and (B) HABIT resources for parents, including a website, videos, toothbrushing demonstration and a paper-based leaflet with an oral health action plan. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Recruitment, retention and intervention delivery were analysed as key process outcomes for Groups A and B. Group B demographics, self-reported toothbrushing behaviours, dietary habits and three objective measures of toothbrushing including plaque scores were collected at baseline, 2 weeks and 3 months post intervention. RESULTS HABIT intervention delivery was feasible. Although the intended sample size was recruited (Group A=11 and Group B=35) it was more challenging than anticipated. Retention of Group B participants to final data collection was satisfactory (n=26). Total compliance with toothbrushing guidelines at baseline was low (30%), but significantly improved and was maintained 3 months after the intervention (68%). Plaque scores improved post intervention and participants found video recording of toothbrushing acceptable. Dietary habits remained largely unchanged. CONCLUSION This feasibility study has demonstrated that HABIT is an appropriate oral health intervention. Adaptions to the study design are recommended to maximise recruitment and data collection in a definitive study. These quantitative findings have demonstrated an early signal of impact for improved oral health behaviours for young children at high risk of decay. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN55332414.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Giles
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Faye Wray
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ieva Eskyte
- School of Law, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Amrit Bhatti
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tim Zoltie
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Born in Bradford, Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Z Marshman
- University of Sheffield Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Robert M West
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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10
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Vernon I, Owen J, Aylett-Bullock J, Cuesta-Lazaro C, Frawley J, Quera-Bofarull A, Sedgewick A, Shi D, Truong H, Turner M, Walker J, Caulfield T, Fong K, Krauss F. Bayesian emulation and history matching of JUNE. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20220039. [PMID: 35965471 PMCID: PMC9376712 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We analyze JUNE: a detailed model of COVID-19 transmission with high spatial and demographic resolution, developed as part of the RAMP initiative. JUNE requires substantial computational resources to evaluate, making model calibration and general uncertainty analysis extremely challenging. We describe and employ the uncertainty quantification approaches of Bayes linear emulation and history matching to mimic JUNE and to perform a global parameter search, hence identifying regions of parameter space that produce acceptable matches to observed data, and demonstrating the capability of such methods. This article is part of the theme issue 'Technical challenges of modelling real-life epidemics and examples of overcoming these'.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Vernon
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J. Owen
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J. Aylett-Bullock
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - C. Cuesta-Lazaro
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J. Frawley
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Advanced Research Computing, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - A. Quera-Bofarull
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - A. Sedgewick
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - D. Shi
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - H. Truong
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - M. Turner
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Advanced Research Computing, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J. Walker
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - T. Caulfield
- Department of Computer Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - K. Fong
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK
- Department of Anaesthesia, University College London Hospital, London NW12BU, UK
| | - F. Krauss
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
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11
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Vernon I, Owen J, Aylett-Bullock J, Cuesta-Lazaro C, Frawley J, Quera-Bofarull A, Sedgewick A, Shi D, Truong H, Turner M, Walker J, Caulfield T, Fong K, Krauss F. Bayesian emulation and history matching of JUNE. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20210039. [PMID: 35965471 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We analyze JUNE: a detailed model of COVID-19 transmission with high spatial and demographic resolution, developed as part of the RAMP initiative. JUNE requires substantial computational resources to evaluate, making model calibration and general uncertainty analysis extremely challenging. We describe and employ the uncertainty quantification approaches of Bayes linear emulation and history matching to mimic JUNE and to perform a global parameter search, hence identifying regions of parameter space that produce acceptable matches to observed data, and demonstrating the capability of such methods. This article is part of the theme issue 'Technical challenges of modelling real-life epidemics and examples of overcoming these'.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vernon
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J Owen
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J Aylett-Bullock
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - C Cuesta-Lazaro
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J Frawley
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Advanced Research Computing, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - A Quera-Bofarull
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - A Sedgewick
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - D Shi
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - H Truong
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - M Turner
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Advanced Research Computing, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - J Walker
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - T Caulfield
- Department of Computer Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
| | - K Fong
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK
- Department of Anaesthesia, University College London Hospital, London NW12BU, UK
| | - F Krauss
- Institute for Data Science, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH13LE, UK
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12
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Owen J, Gray-Burrows KA, Eskytė I, Wray F, Bhatti A, Zoltie T, Staples A, Giles E, Lintin E, West R, Pavitt S, McEachan RRC, Marshman Z, Day PF. Co-design of an oral health intervention (HABIT) delivered by health visitors for parents of children aged 9-12 months. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1818. [PMID: 36153572 PMCID: PMC9508763 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries (tooth decay) in children is a national public health problem with impacts on the child, their family and wider society. Toothbrushing should commence from the eruption of the first primary tooth. Health visitors are a key provider of advice for parents in infancy and are ideally placed to support families to adopt optimal oral health habits. HABIT is a co-designed complex behaviour change intervention to support health visitors' oral health conversations with parents during the 9-12-month universal developmental home visit. METHODS A seven stage co-design process was undertaken: (1) Preparatory meetings with healthcare professionals and collation of examples of good practice, (2) Co-design workshops with parents and health visitors, (3) Resource development and expert/peer review, (4) Development of an intervention protocol for health visitors, (5) Early-phase testing of the resources to explore acceptability, feasibility, impact and mechanism of action, (6) Engagement with wider stakeholders and refinement of the HABIT intervention for wider use, (7) Verification, Review and Reflection of Resources. RESULTS Following preparatory meetings with stakeholders, interviews and co-design workshops with parents and health visitors, topic areas and messages were developed covering six key themes. The topic areas provided a structure for the oral health conversation and supportive resources in paper-based and digital formats. A five-step protocol was developed with health visitors to guide the oral health conversation during the 9-12 month visit. Following training of health visitors, an early-phase feasibility study was undertaken with preliminary results presented at a dissemination event where feedback for further refinement of the resources and training was gathered. The findings, feedback and verification have led to further refinements to optimise quality, accessibility, fidelity and behaviour change theory. CONCLUSION The co-design methods ensured the oral health conversation and supporting resources used during the 9-12 month visit incorporated the opinions of families and Health Visitors as well as other key stakeholders throughout the development process. This paper provides key learning and a framework that can be applied to other healthcare settings. The structured pragmatic approach ensured that the intervention was evidence-based, acceptable and feasible for the required context. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN55332414, Registration Date 11/11/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kara A Gray-Burrows
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Ieva Eskytė
- School of Law, The Liberty Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Faye Wray
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amrit Bhatti
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Timothy Zoltie
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Annalea Staples
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Erin Giles
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Edwina Lintin
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Children's Community Services' (currently on secondment to Better Start Bradford), Bradford, UK
| | - Robert West
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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13
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Evans RA, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJC, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Harris VC, Houchen-Wolloff L, Aul R, Beirne P, Bolton CE, Brown JS, Choudhury G, Diar-Bakerly N, Easom N, Echevarria C, Fuld J, Hart N, Hurst J, Jones MG, Parekh D, Pfeffer P, Rahman NM, Rowland-Jones SL, Shah AM, Wootton DG, Chalder T, Davies MJ, De Soyza A, Geddes JR, Greenhalf W, Greening NJ, Heaney LG, Heller S, Howard LS, Jacob J, Jenkins RG, Lord JM, Man WDC, McCann GP, Neubauer S, Openshaw PJM, Porter JC, Rowland MJ, Scott JT, Semple MG, Singh SJ, Thomas DC, Toshner M, Lewis KE, Thwaites RS, Briggs A, Docherty AB, Kerr S, Lone NI, Quint J, Sheikh A, Thorpe M, Zheng B, Chalmers JD, Ho LP, Horsley A, Marks M, Poinasamy K, Raman B, Harrison EM, Wain LV, Brightling CE, Abel K, Adamali H, Adeloye D, Adeyemi O, Adrego R, Aguilar Jimenez LA, Ahmad S, Ahmad Haider N, Ahmed R, Ahwireng N, Ainsworth M, Al-Sheklly B, Alamoudi A, Ali M, Aljaroof M, All AM, Allan L, Allen RJ, Allerton L, Allsop L, Almeida P, Altmann D, Alvarez Corral M, Amoils S, Anderson D, Antoniades C, Arbane G, Arias A, Armour C, Armstrong L, Armstrong N, Arnold D, Arnold H, Ashish A, Ashworth A, Ashworth M, Aslani S, Assefa-Kebede H, Atkin C, Atkin P, Aung H, Austin L, Avram C, Ayoub A, Babores M, Baggott R, Bagshaw J, Baguley D, Bailey L, Baillie JK, Bain S, Bakali M, Bakau M, Baldry E, Baldwin D, Ballard C, Banerjee A, Bang B, Barker RE, Barman L, Barratt S, Barrett F, Basire D, Basu N, Bates M, Bates A, Batterham R, Baxendale H, Bayes H, Beadsworth M, Beckett P, Beggs M, Begum M, Bell D, Bell R, Bennett K, Beranova E, Bermperi A, Berridge A, Berry C, Betts S, Bevan E, Bhui K, Bingham M, Birchall K, Bishop L, Bisnauthsing K, Blaikely J, Bloss A, Bolger A, Bonnington J, Botkai A, Bourne C, Bourne M, Bramham K, Brear L, Breen G, Breeze J, Bright E, Brill S, Brindle K, Broad L, Broadley A, Brookes C, Broome M, Brown A, Brown A, Brown J, Brown J, Brown M, Brown M, Brown V, Brugha T, Brunskill N, Buch M, Buckley P, Bularga A, Bullmore E, Burden L, Burdett T, Burn D, Burns G, Burns A, Busby J, Butcher R, Butt A, Byrne S, Cairns P, Calder PC, Calvelo E, Carborn H, Card B, Carr C, Carr L, Carson G, Carter P, Casey A, Cassar M, Cavanagh J, Chablani M, Chambers RC, Chan F, Channon KM, Chapman K, Charalambou A, Chaudhuri N, Checkley A, Chen J, Cheng Y, Chetham L, Childs C, Chilvers ER, Chinoy H, Chiribiri A, Chong-James K, Choudhury N, Chowienczyk P, Christie C, Chrystal M, Clark D, Clark C, Clarke J, Clohisey S, Coakley G, Coburn Z, Coetzee S, Cole J, Coleman C, Conneh F, Connell D, Connolly B, Connor L, Cook A, Cooper B, Cooper J, Cooper S, Copeland D, Cosier T, Coulding M, Coupland C, Cox E, Craig T, Crisp P, Cristiano D, Crooks MG, Cross A, Cruz I, Cullinan P, Cuthbertson D, Daines L, Dalton M, Daly P, Daniels A, Dark P, Dasgin J, David A, David C, Davies E, Davies F, Davies G, Davies GA, Davies K, Dawson J, Daynes E, Deakin B, Deans A, Deas C, Deery J, Defres S, Dell A, Dempsey K, Denneny E, Dennis J, Dewar A, Dharmagunawardena R, Dickens C, Dipper A, Diver S, Diwanji SN, Dixon M, Djukanovic R, Dobson H, Dobson SL, Donaldson A, Dong T, Dormand N, Dougherty A, Dowling R, Drain S, Draxlbauer K, Drury K, Dulawan P, Dunleavy A, Dunn S, Earley J, Edwards S, Edwardson C, El-Taweel H, Elliott A, Elliott K, Ellis Y, Elmer A, Evans D, Evans H, Evans J, Evans R, Evans RI, Evans T, Evenden C, Evison L, Fabbri L, Fairbairn S, Fairman A, Fallon K, Faluyi D, Favager C, Fayzan T, Featherstone J, Felton T, Finch J, Finney S, Finnigan J, Finnigan L, Fisher H, Fletcher S, Flockton R, Flynn M, Foot H, Foote D, Ford A, Forton D, Fraile E, Francis C, Francis R, Francis S, Frankel A, Fraser E, Free R, French N, Fu X, Furniss J, Garner L, Gautam N, George J, George P, Gibbons M, Gill M, Gilmour L, Gleeson F, Glossop J, Glover S, Goodman N, Goodwin C, Gooptu B, Gordon H, Gorsuch T, Greatorex M, Greenhaff PL, Greenhalgh A, Greenwood J, Gregory H, Gregory R, Grieve D, Griffin D, Griffiths L, Guerdette AM, Guillen Guio B, Gummadi M, Gupta A, Gurram S, Guthrie E, Guy Z, H Henson H, Hadley K, Haggar A, Hainey K, Hairsine B, Haldar P, Hall I, Hall L, Halling-Brown M, Hamil R, Hancock A, Hancock K, Hanley NA, Haq S, Hardwick HE, Hardy E, Hardy T, Hargadon B, Harrington K, Harris E, Harrison P, Harvey A, Harvey M, Harvie M, Haslam L, Havinden-Williams M, Hawkes J, Hawkings N, Haworth J, Hayday A, Haynes M, Hazeldine J, Hazelton T, Heeley C, Heeney JL, Heightman M, Henderson M, Hesselden L, Hewitt M, Highett V, Hillman T, Hiwot T, Hoare A, Hoare M, Hockridge J, Hogarth P, Holbourn A, Holden S, Holdsworth L, Holgate D, Holland M, Holloway L, Holmes K, Holmes M, Holroyd-Hind B, Holt L, Hormis A, Hosseini A, Hotopf M, Howard K, Howell A, Hufton E, Hughes AD, Hughes J, Hughes R, Humphries A, Huneke N, Hurditch E, Husain M, Hussell T, Hutchinson J, Ibrahim W, Ilyas F, Ingham J, Ingram L, Ionita D, Isaacs K, Ismail K, Jackson T, James WY, Jarman C, Jarrold I, Jarvis H, Jastrub R, Jayaraman B, Jezzard P, Jiwa K, Johnson C, Johnson S, Johnston D, Jolley CJ, Jones D, Jones G, Jones H, Jones H, Jones I, Jones L, Jones S, Jose S, Kabir T, Kaltsakas G, Kamwa V, Kanellakis N, Kaprowska S, Kausar Z, Keenan N, Kelly S, Kemp G, Kerslake H, Key AL, Khan F, Khunti K, Kilroy S, King B, King C, Kingham L, Kirk J, Kitterick P, Klenerman P, Knibbs L, Knight S, Knighton A, Kon O, Kon S, Kon SS, Koprowska S, Korszun A, Koychev I, Kurasz C, Kurupati P, Laing C, Lamlum H, Landers G, Langenberg C, Lasserson D, Lavelle-Langham L, Lawrie A, Lawson C, Lawson C, Layton A, Lea A, Lee D, Lee JH, Lee E, Leitch K, Lenagh R, Lewis D, Lewis J, Lewis V, Lewis-Burke N, Li X, Light T, Lightstone L, Lilaonitkul W, Lim L, Linford S, Lingford-Hughes A, Lipman M, Liyanage K, Lloyd A, Logan S, Lomas D, Loosley R, Lota H, Lovegrove W, Lucey A, Lukaschuk E, Lye A, Lynch C, MacDonald S, MacGowan G, Macharia I, Mackie J, Macliver L, Madathil S, Madzamba G, Magee N, Magtoto MM, Mairs N, Majeed N, Major E, Malein F, Malim M, Mallison G, Mandal S, Mangion K, Manisty C, Manley R, March K, Marciniak S, Marino P, Mariveles M, Marouzet E, Marsh S, Marshall B, Marshall M, Martin J, Martineau A, Martinez LM, Maskell N, Matila D, Matimba-Mupaya W, Matthews L, Mbuyisa A, McAdoo S, Weir McCall J, McAllister-Williams H, McArdle A, McArdle P, McAulay D, McCormick J, McCormick W, McCourt P, McGarvey L, McGee C, Mcgee K, McGinness J, McGlynn K, McGovern A, McGuinness H, McInnes IB, McIntosh J, McIvor E, McIvor K, McLeavey L, McMahon A, McMahon MJ, McMorrow L, Mcnally T, McNarry M, McNeill J, McQueen A, McShane H, Mears C, Megson C, Megson S, Mehta P, Meiring J, Melling L, Mencias M, Menzies D, Merida Morillas M, Michael A, Milligan L, Miller C, Mills C, Mills NL, Milner L, Misra S, Mitchell J, Mohamed A, Mohamed N, Mohammed S, Molyneaux PL, Monteiro W, Moriera S, Morley A, Morrison L, Morriss R, Morrow A, Moss AJ, Moss P, Motohashi K, Msimanga N, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Munawar U, Murira J, Nanda U, Nassa H, Nasseri M, Neal A, Needham R, Neill P, Newell H, Newman T, Newton-Cox A, Nicholson T, Nicoll D, Nolan CM, Noonan MJ, Norman C, Novotny P, Nunag J, Nwafor L, Nwanguma U, Nyaboko J, O'Donnell K, O'Brien C, O'Brien L, O'Regan D, Odell N, Ogg G, Olaosebikan O, Oliver C, Omar Z, Orriss-Dib L, Osborne L, Osbourne R, Ostermann M, Overton C, Owen J, Oxton J, Pack J, Pacpaco E, Paddick S, Painter S, Pakzad A, Palmer S, Papineni P, Paques K, Paradowski K, Pareek M, Parfrey H, Pariante C, Parker S, Parkes M, Parmar J, Patale S, Patel B, Patel M, Patel S, Pattenadk D, Pavlides M, Payne S, Pearce L, Pearl JE, Peckham D, Pendlebury J, Peng Y, Pennington C, Peralta I, Perkins E, Peterkin Z, Peto T, Petousi N, Petrie J, Phipps J, Pimm J, Piper Hanley K, Pius R, Plant H, Plein S, Plekhanova T, Plowright M, Polgar O, Poll L, Porter J, Portukhay S, Powell N, Prabhu A, Pratt J, Price A, Price C, Price C, Price D, Price L, Price L, Prickett A, Propescu J, Pugmire S, Quaid S, Quigley J, Qureshi H, Qureshi IN, Radhakrishnan K, Ralser M, Ramos A, Ramos H, Rangeley J, Rangelov B, Ratcliffe L, Ravencroft P, Reddington A, Reddy R, Redfearn H, Redwood D, Reed A, Rees M, Rees T, Regan K, Reynolds W, Ribeiro C, Richards A, Richardson E, Rivera-Ortega P, Roberts K, Robertson E, Robinson E, Robinson L, Roche L, Roddis C, Rodger J, Ross A, Ross G, Rossdale J, Rostron A, Rowe A, Rowland A, Rowland J, Roy K, Roy M, Rudan I, Russell R, Russell E, Saalmink G, Sabit R, Sage EK, Samakomva T, Samani N, Sampson C, Samuel K, Samuel R, Sanderson A, Sapey E, Saralaya D, Sargant J, Sarginson C, Sass T, Sattar N, Saunders K, Saunders P, Saunders LC, Savill H, Saxon W, Sayer A, Schronce J, Schwaeble W, Scott K, Selby N, Sewell TA, Shah K, Shah P, Shankar-Hari M, Sharma M, Sharpe C, Sharpe M, Shashaa S, Shaw A, Shaw K, Shaw V, Shelton S, Shenton L, Shevket K, Short J, Siddique S, Siddiqui S, Sidebottom J, Sigfrid L, Simons G, Simpson J, Simpson N, Singh C, Singh S, Sissons D, Skeemer J, Slack K, Smith A, Smith D, Smith S, Smith J, Smith L, Soares M, Solano TS, Solly R, Solstice AR, Soulsby T, Southern D, Sowter D, Spears M, Spencer LG, Speranza F, Stadon L, Stanel S, Steele N, Steiner M, Stensel D, Stephens G, Stephenson L, Stern M, Stewart I, Stimpson R, Stockdale S, Stockley J, Stoker W, Stone R, Storrar W, Storrie A, Storton K, Stringer E, Strong-Sheldrake S, Stroud N, Subbe C, Sudlow CL, Suleiman Z, Summers C, Summersgill C, Sutherland D, Sykes DL, Sykes R, Talbot N, Tan AL, Tarusan L, Tavoukjian V, Taylor A, Taylor C, Taylor J, Te A, Tedd H, Tee CJ, Teixeira J, Tench H, Terry S, Thackray-Nocera S, Thaivalappil F, Thamu B, Thickett D, Thomas C, Thomas S, Thomas AK, Thomas-Woods T, Thompson T, Thompson AAR, Thornton T, Tilley J, Tinker N, Tiongson GF, Tobin M, Tomlinson J, Tong C, Touyz R, Tripp KA, Tunnicliffe E, Turnbull A, Turner E, Turner S, Turner V, Turner K, Turney S, Turtle L, Turton H, Ugoji J, Ugwuoke R, Upthegrove R, Valabhji J, Ventura M, Vere J, Vickers C, Vinson B, Wade E, Wade P, Wainwright T, Wajero LO, Walder S, Walker S, Walker S, Wall E, Wallis T, Walmsley S, Walsh JA, Walsh S, Warburton L, Ward TJC, Warwick K, Wassall H, Waterson S, Watson E, Watson L, Watson J, Welch C, Welch H, Welsh B, Wessely S, West S, Weston H, Wheeler H, White S, Whitehead V, Whitney J, Whittaker S, Whittam B, Whitworth V, Wight A, Wild J, Wilkins M, Wilkinson D, Williams N, Williams N, Williams J, Williams-Howard SA, Willicombe M, Willis G, Willoughby J, Wilson A, Wilson D, Wilson I, Window N, Witham M, Wolf-Roberts R, Wood C, Woodhead F, Woods J, Wormleighton J, Worsley J, Wraith D, Wrey Brown C, Wright C, Wright L, Wright S, Wyles J, Wynter I, Xu M, Yasmin N, Yasmin S, Yates T, Yip KP, Young B, Young S, Young A, Yousuf AJ, Zawia A, Zeidan L, Zhao B, Zongo O. Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2022; 10:761-775. [PMID: 35472304 PMCID: PMC9034855 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(22)00127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed to describe recovery 1 year after hospital discharge for COVID-19, identify factors associated with patient-perceived recovery, and identify potential therapeutic targets by describing the underlying inflammatory profiles of the previously described recovery clusters at 5 months after hospital discharge. METHODS The Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruiting adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital with COVID-19 across the UK. Recovery was assessed using patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance, and organ function at 5 months and 1 year after hospital discharge, and stratified by both patient-perceived recovery and recovery cluster. Hierarchical logistic regression modelling was performed for patient-perceived recovery at 1 year. Cluster analysis was done using the clustering large applications k-medoids approach using clinical outcomes at 5 months. Inflammatory protein profiling was analysed from plasma at the 5-month visit. This study is registered on the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10980107, and recruitment is ongoing. FINDINGS 2320 participants discharged from hospital between March 7, 2020, and April 18, 2021, were assessed at 5 months after discharge and 807 (32·7%) participants completed both the 5-month and 1-year visits. 279 (35·6%) of these 807 patients were women and 505 (64·4%) were men, with a mean age of 58·7 (SD 12·5) years, and 224 (27·8%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation (WHO class 7-9). The proportion of patients reporting full recovery was unchanged between 5 months (501 [25·5%] of 1965) and 1 year (232 [28·9%] of 804). Factors associated with being less likely to report full recovery at 1 year were female sex (odds ratio 0·68 [95% CI 0·46-0·99]), obesity (0·50 [0·34-0·74]) and invasive mechanical ventilation (0·42 [0·23-0·76]). Cluster analysis (n=1636) corroborated the previously reported four clusters: very severe, severe, moderate with cognitive impairment, and mild, relating to the severity of physical health, mental health, and cognitive impairment at 5 months. We found increased inflammatory mediators of tissue damage and repair in both the very severe and the moderate with cognitive impairment clusters compared with the mild cluster, including IL-6 concentration, which was increased in both comparisons (n=626 participants). We found a substantial deficit in median EQ-5D-5L utility index from before COVID-19 (retrospective assessment; 0·88 [IQR 0·74-1·00]), at 5 months (0·74 [0·64-0·88]) to 1 year (0·75 [0·62-0·88]), with minimal improvements across all outcome measures at 1 year after discharge in the whole cohort and within each of the four clusters. INTERPRETATION The sequelae of a hospital admission with COVID-19 were substantial 1 year after discharge across a range of health domains, with the minority in our cohort feeling fully recovered. Patient-perceived health-related quality of life was reduced at 1 year compared with before hospital admission. Systematic inflammation and obesity are potential treatable traits that warrant further investigation in clinical trials. FUNDING UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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Delgado J, Owen J, Pritchard W, Mikhail A, Varble N, Morhard R, Ray T, Kassin M, Lopez-Silva T, Rivera J, Mueller J, Yang J, Schneider J, Xu S, Karanian J, Wood B. Abstract No. 552 Dual ultrasound/x-ray imageable thermosensitive gel for intratumoral drug delivery and vessel embolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Delgado J, Pritchard W, Mikhail A, Varble N, Lopez-Silva T, Morhard R, Mauda-Havakuk M, Ray T, Owen J, Negussie A, Schneider J, Karanian J, Wood B. Abstract No. 551 Characterization of an x-ray-imageable gel for image-guided intra-tumoral drug injections. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Bhatti A, Wray F, Eskytė I, Gray-Burrows KA, Owen J, Giles E, Zoltie T, Smith V, Pavitt S, West R, McEachan RR, Marshman Z, Day PF. HABIT (Health visitors delivering Advice in Britain on Infant Toothbrushing): a qualitative exploration of the acceptability of a complex oral health intervention. BMC Prim Care 2022; 23:55. [PMID: 35346054 PMCID: PMC8962587 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the acceptability of the oral health intervention, HABIT (Health visitors delivering Advice in Britain on Infant Toothbrushing) to parents with young children aged 9-12 months and health visitors. METHODS Following the delivery of the universal oral health intervention called HABIT, qualitative semi-structured interviews with parents and focus groups with health visitors were undertaken. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Health visitors completed self-reported diaries after delivering the HABIT intervention with parents. The qualitative data was analysed using framework analysis (guided by a theoretical framework of acceptability). RESULTS Seventeen parents were interviewed, and five health visitors and three nursery nurses participated in two focus groups. Parents reported health visitors to be 'trusted' and valued the reassurance provided during the HABIT visit. Health visitors found the HABIT training and resources useful and valued the consistency and increased confidence in undertaking oral health conversations. There were, however, challenges in changing behaviour where families faced competing demands on time and resources. Both health visitors and parents described the importance of the intervention's timing and suggested that multiple visits may be needed to support optimal oral health habits. CONCLUSION The HABIT intervention was acceptable to parents and health visitors. Health visitors would welcome a further refinement to enhance intervention delivery that specifically achieves a balance between using a guided script and retaining the flexibility to adapt the conversation to suit the needs of individual families. This, in turn, will maximise impact and enable parents of young children to adopt and maintain optimal home-based oral health behaviours for their child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Bhatti
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England.
| | - Faye Wray
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, United Kingdom, England
| | - Ieva Eskytė
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
| | - Erin Giles
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
| | | | - Victoria Smith
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, United Kingdom, England
| | - Sue Pavitt
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
| | - Robert West
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
| | | | - Zoe Marshman
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, England
| | - Peter F Day
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, England
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom, England
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Lips M, Anderson E, Nishida K, Schneider G, Zic J, Sanders C, Owen J, Hondros J, de Ruvo A. Reflection on the proposed changes to dose quantities-an industrial perspective. J Radiol Prot 2021; 41:1410-1419. [PMID: 34673554 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac31c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In 2021, the ICRP initiated the revision of the general recommendations of the system of radiation protection, and part of it will focus on dose quantities. The recently published ICRP Publication 147 and ICRU Report 95 have described the extent of the proposed modifications and paved the way for the strategy to be adopted. These revisions would seek to simplify, improve the accuracy and extend the field of use of dose quantities. While the Radiological Protection Working Group of the World Nuclear Association recognises the notable improvement in the estimation of the protection quantities and the usefulness of such changes for the medical and research sector, the benefits of the proposed new system seem very limited for the nuclear industry and industries involving naturally occurring radioactive materials. The complexity associated with changing a long-standing and robust system and the risk incurred by the human factor seem unjustified, bearing in mind the likely cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lips
- Kernkraftwerk Gösgen-Däniken, Postfach, CH-4658 Däniken, Switzerland
| | - E Anderson
- Radiation Safety and Control Services, Seabrook, NH, United States of America
| | - K Nishida
- Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., Mihama, Fukui Prefecture, Japan
| | - G Schneider
- Namibian Uranium Institute, Swakopmund, Namibia
| | - J Zic
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - C Sanders
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - J Owen
- BHP-Olympic Dam, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J Hondros
- World Nuclear Association, London, United Kingdom
| | - A de Ruvo
- World Nuclear Association, London, United Kingdom
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Moriarty TF, Muthukrishnan G, Daiss JL, Xie C, Nishitani K, Morita Y, Awad H, de Mesy Bentley KL, Masters E, Bui T, Yan M, Owen J, Mooney B, Gill S, Puetzler J, Wenke JC, Morgenstern M, Metsemakers WJ, Noll C, Joeris A, Richards RG, Schwarz EM, Kates SL. Bone infection: a clinical priority for clinicians, scientists and educators. Eur Cell Mater 2021; 42:312-333. [PMID: 34661245 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v042a21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone infection has received increasing attention in recent years as one of the main outstanding clinical problems in orthopaedic-trauma surgery that has not been successfully addressed. In fact, infection may develop across a spectrum of patient types regardless of the level of perioperative management, including antibiotic prophylaxis. Some of the main unknown factors that may be involved, and the main targets for future intervention, include more accurate and less invasive diagnostic options, more thorough and accurate debridement protocols, and more potent and targeted antimicrobials. The underlying biology dominates the clinical management of bone infections, with features such as biofilm formation, osteolysis and vascularisation being particularly influential. Based on the persistence of this problem, an improved understanding of the basic biology is deemed necessary to enable innovation in the field. Furthermore, from the clinical side, better evidence, documentation and outreach will be required to translate these innovations to the patient. This review presents the findings and progress of the AO Trauma Clinical Priority Program on the topic of bone infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Moriarty
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz,
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Lips M, Anderson E, Nakamura T, Harris F, Schneider G, Zic J, Sanders C, Owen J, Hondros J, de Ruvo A. Reflections on low-dose radiation, the misconceptions, reality and moving forward. J Radiol Prot 2021; 41:S306-S316. [PMID: 34343979 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac1a5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low dose radiation has been widely accepted by the radiation protection community as presenting a very low risk to human health, if any. Over-conservatism in optimisation principles and regulations have resulted in a disproportionate fear of radiation amongst the general public and government authorities alike, overlooking the great benefits nuclear science and techniques have brought to society as a whole. As such, the World Nuclear Association advocates for a recontextualisation of the radiation hazards with regards to low dose radiation, and a greater awareness as to the absence of any discernible effects associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lips
- Kernkraftwerk Gösgen-Däniken, Postfach CH-4658 Däniken, Switzerland
| | - E Anderson
- Radiation Safety & Control Services, Seabrook, NH, United States of America
| | | | | | - G Schneider
- Namibian Uranium Institute, Swakopmund, Namibia
| | - J Zic
- Mc Master University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - C Sanders
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - J Owen
- BHP-Olympic Dam, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J Hondros
- World Nuclear Association, London, United Kingdom
| | - A de Ruvo
- World Nuclear Association, London, United Kingdom
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Moran P, Young S, Pontolillo J, Chen T, Sharma P, Owen J, Golzarian J, Flanagan S, D’Souza D, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 153 Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may predict survival and radiologic response in those undergoing radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Pontolillo J, Young S, Sharma P, Chen T, Moran P, Owen J, Golzarian J, D’Souza D, Flanagan S, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 168 Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: utility in metastatic colorectal patients undergoing radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Young S, Flanagan S, D’Souza D, Golzarian J, Pontolillo J, Chen T, Sharma P, Owen J, Moran P, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 445 Dose distribution in radioembolization: a comparison between glass and resin microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Sharma P, Young S, Chen T, Pontolillo J, Moran P, Owen J, Golzarian J, D’Souza D, Flanagan S, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 38 Novel composite score of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and aspartate-aminotransferase-lymphocyte ratio predicts overall survival in metastatic colorectal patients undergoing radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Sharma P, Young S, Pontolillo J, Chen T, Moran P, Owen J, D’Souza D, Golzarian J, Flanagan S, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 35 Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: evaluation of relevancy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Owen J, Young S, Sharma P, Pontolillo J, Chen T, Moran P, Golzarian J, Flanagan S, D’Souza D, Sanghvi T. Abstract No. 152 Aspartate aminotransferase-lymphocyte ratio: utility in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bhatti A, Vinall-Collier K, Duara R, Owen J, Gray-Burrows KA, Day PF. Recommendations for delivering oral health advice: a qualitative supplementary analysis of dental teams, parents' and children's experiences. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:210. [PMID: 33902541 PMCID: PMC8077708 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth decay has a significant impact on children, their families and wider society. The dental consultation provides an opportunity to prevent tooth decay by engaging in an effective oral health conversation with parents and children. However, there is limited literature which explores how these oral health conversations are delivered, received, and understood. AIM To explore the common facilitators of delivering oral health advice from dental teams, parents' and children's experiences, to identify and inform practical recommendations for clinical practice. METHOD The current paper used a qualitative supplementary analysis to reanalyse data of existing published studies by applying a different research question. Qualitative focus groups were undertaken following a semi-structured interview guide with 27 dental team members (dentists, dental nurses, practice managers and receptionists), 37 parents and 120 children (aged 7-10 years old) in the northern region of England. Thematic analysis informed the identification of themes and aggregation of findings. RESULTS Three overarching themes were developed: (1) An engaging and personalised dental visit for parents and children; (2) Dental teams, parents and children working collaboratively to improve oral health habits; and (3) Recommending appropriate oral health products. Many parents and children had little recollection of any preventive oral health conversations when visiting the dentist. Practical solutions were identified by different stakeholders to facilitate three-way, personalised, non-judgemental and supportive oral health conversations. Adopting these innovative approaches will help to enable parents and their children to adopt and maintain appropriate oral health behaviours. CONCLUSION Understanding the context and triangulating the experiences of stakeholders involved in preventive oral health conversations for young children is an essential step in co-designing a complex oral health intervention. This study has provided recommendations for dental practices and wider paediatric health care services. Furthermore, the findings have informed the design of a complex oral health intervention called "Strong Teeth".
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Bhatti
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK.
| | - Karen Vinall-Collier
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Raginie Duara
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Kara A Gray-Burrows
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
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Eskytė I, Gray-Burrows KA, Owen J, Sykes-Muskett B, Pavitt SH, West R, Marshman Z, Day PF. Organizational Barriers to Oral Health Conversations Between Health Visitors and Parents of Children Aged 9-12 Months Old. Front Public Health 2021; 9:578168. [PMID: 33708755 PMCID: PMC7940188 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.578168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental caries is the most prevalent preventable childhood disease and a major public health priority. Local authorities in England have a statutory responsibility to improve child health, including oral health, through the “Healthy Child Programme.” The “Healthy Child Programme,” which includes the provision of oral health advice is delivered by health visitors to parents of young children. To date, research has mainly concentrated on individual interactions between health visitors and parents, with less attention given to the broader context in which these oral health conversations between health visitor and parents take place. Objective: Our study explored the organizational factors that obstruct health visitors from engaging in meaningful conversations with parents about young children's oral health. Methods: Qualitative interviews and focus groups were held with health visiting teams (n = 18) conducting home visits with parents of 9–12-month olds in a deprived, urban area in England. Results: The study revealed the wide variation in what and how oral health advice is delivered to parents at home visits. Several barriers were identified and grouped into four key themes: (1) Priority of topics discussed in the home visits; (2) Finance cuts and limited resources; (3) Oral health knowledge and skills; and (4) Collaborative working with other professionals. It was evident that organizational factors in current public health policy and service provision play an important role in shaping oral health practices and opportunities for behavior change. Conclusion: Organizational practices and procedures play an important role in creating interaction patterns between health visiting teams and parents of young children. They often limit effective engagement with and positive change in oral health. For future oral health interventions to be effective, awareness of these barriers is essential alongside them being founded on evidence-based advice and underpinned by appropriate theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Eskytė
- School of Law, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Bianca Sykes-Muskett
- Occupational Health Department, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Sue H Pavitt
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Robert West
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter F Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Bradford Community Dental Service, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
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Sipos O, Tovey H, Quist J, Haider S, Nowinski S, Gazinska P, Kernaghan S, Toms C, Maguire S, Orr N, Linn SC, Owen J, Gillett C, Pinder SE, Bliss JM, Tutt A, Cheang MCU, Grigoriadis A. Assessment of structural chromosomal instability phenotypes as biomarkers of carboplatin response in triple negative breast cancer: the TNT trial. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:58-65. [PMID: 33098992 PMCID: PMC7784666 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the TNT trial of triple negative breast cancer (NCT00532727), germline BRCA1/2 mutations were present in 28% of carboplatin responders. We assessed quantitative measures of structural chromosomal instability (CIN) to identify a wider patient subgroup within TNT with preferential benefit from carboplatin over docetaxel. PATIENTS AND METHODS Copy number aberrations (CNAs) were established from 135 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary carcinomas using Illumina OmniExpress SNP-arrays. Seven published [allelic imbalanced CNA (AiCNA); allelic balanced CNA (AbCNA); copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CnLOH); number of telomeric allelic imbalances (NtAI); BRCA1-like status; percentage of genome altered (PGA); homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores] and two novel [Shannon diversity index (SI); high-level amplifications (HLAMP)] CIN-measurements were derived. HLAMP was defined based on the presence of at least one of the top 5% amplified cytobands located on 1q, 8q and 10p. Continuous CIN-measurements were divided into tertiles. All nine CIN-measurements were used to analyse objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Patients with tumours without HLAMP had a numerically higher ORR and significantly longer PFS in the carboplatin (C) than in the docetaxel (D) arm [56% (C) versus 29% (D), PHLAMP,quiet = 0.085; PFS 6.1 months (C) versus 4.1 months (D), Pinteraction/HLAMP = 0.047]. In the carboplatin arm, patients with tumours showing intermediate telomeric NtAI and AiCNA had higher ORR [54% (C) versus 20% (D), PNtAI,intermediate = 0.03; 62% (C) versus 33% (D), PAiCNA,intermediate = 0.076]. Patients with high AiCNA and PGA had shorter PFS in the carboplatin arm [3.4 months (high) versus 5.7 months (low/intermediate); and 3.8 months (high) versus 5.6 months (low/intermediate), respectively; Pinteraction/AiCNA = 0.027, Padj.interaction/AiCNA = 0.125 and Pinteraction/PGA = 0.053, Padj.interaction/PGA = 0.176], whilst no difference was observed in the docetaxel arm. CONCLUSIONS Patients with tumours lacking HLAMP and demonstrating intermediate CIN-measurements formed a subgroup benefitting from carboplatin relative to docetaxel treatment within the TNT trial. This suggests a complex and paradoxical relationship between the extent of genomic instability in primary tumours and treatment response in the metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sipos
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - H Tovey
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - J Quist
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK; School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Haider
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - S Nowinski
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - P Gazinska
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - S Kernaghan
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Toms
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - S Maguire
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - N Orr
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - S C Linn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Owen
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, London, UK
| | - C Gillett
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, London, UK
| | - S E Pinder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - J M Bliss
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Breast Cancer Now Unit, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK; School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - M C U Cheang
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK; School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK.
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Owen J, Abdalmassih M, Khan J, Nugent Z, Buduhan G, Ahmed N. Outcome Of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer Patients Treated With Perioperative Chemotherapy And Chemoradiotherapy Followed By Surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Self JE, Dunn MJ, Erichsen JT, Gottlob I, Griffiths HJ, Harris C, Lee H, Owen J, Sanders J, Shawkat F, Theodorou M, Whittle JP. Management of nystagmus in children: a review of the literature and current practice in UK specialist services. Eye (Lond) 2020; 34:1515-1534. [PMID: 31919431 PMCID: PMC7608566 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nystagmus is an eye movement disorder characterised by abnormal, involuntary rhythmic oscillations of one or both eyes, initiated by a slow phase. It is not uncommon in the UK and regularly seen in paediatric ophthalmology and adult general/strabismus clinics. In some cases, it occurs in isolation, and in others, it occurs as part of a multisystem disorder, severe visual impairment or neurological disorder. Similarly, in some cases, visual acuity can be normal and in others can be severely degraded. Furthermore, the impact on vision goes well beyond static acuity alone, is rarely measured and may vary on a minute-to-minute, day-to-day or month-to-month basis. For these reasons, management of children with nystagmus in the UK is varied, and patients report hugely different experiences and investigations. In this review, we hope to shine a light on the current management of children with nystagmus across five specialist centres in the UK in order to present, for the first time, a consensus on investigation and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Self
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - M J Dunn
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J T Erichsen
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - I Gottlob
- Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - H J Griffiths
- Division of Ophthalmology and Orthoptics, Health Sciences School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Harris
- Royal Eye Infirmary, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - H Lee
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Owen
- Royal Eye Infirmary, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - J Sanders
- Patient Representative, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Shawkat
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Theodorou
- Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - J P Whittle
- Eye Department, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
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31
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Iliyasu Z, Owen J, Aliyu MH, Simkhada P. "I prefer not to have a child than have a HIV-positive child": a Mixed Methods Study of Fertility Behaviour of Men Living with HIV in Northern Nigeria. Int J Behav Med 2020; 27:87-99. [PMID: 31836947 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-019-09837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era of HIV treatment as prevention, little research has focused on the fertility behaviour of men living with HIV. This study examines the predictors and motivators of fertility among men living with HIV and on antiretroviral treatment in Kano, Nigeria. METHOD Using mixed methods, structured questionnaires were administered to a clinic-based sample of men living with HIV (n = 270) and HIV-negative/untested controls (n = 270), followed by in-depth interviews with a sub-group of 22 HIV-positive participants. Logistic regression and the framework approach were used to analyse the data. RESULTS Compared to HIV-negative/untested controls, lower proportions of men living with HIV desired more children (79.3%, n = 214 vs. 91.1%, n = 246, p < 0.05) and intended to bear children within 3 years (57.0%, n = 154 vs. 67.0%, n = 181) (p < 0.05). Marital status (ever married vs. single) predicted fertility intention among men living with HIV (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 4.70, 95% confidence interval CI, 1.75-13.64) and HIV-negative/untested controls (AOR = 4.23, 95% CI, 1.37-16.45). Men considered self and partner health status, HIV transmission risks, poverty, the effectiveness of interventions, child survival and religion when making fertility decisions. CONCLUSION Fertility desires remain high post-HIV diagnosis. HIV services should include integrated reproductive health programs that address the fertility desires of clients and include considerations for fertility services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubairu Iliyasu
- Section of Public Health, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
| | - Jenny Owen
- Section of Public Health, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Muktar H Aliyu
- Department of Health Policy & Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Padam Simkhada
- Section of Public Health, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
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Miazgowicz KL, Shocket MS, Ryan SJ, Villena OC, Hall RJ, Owen J, Adanlawo T, Balaji K, Johnson LR, Mordecai EA, Murdock CC. Age influences the thermal suitability of Plasmodium falciparum transmission in the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201093. [PMID: 32693720 PMCID: PMC7423674 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Models predicting disease transmission are vital tools for long-term planning of malaria reduction efforts, particularly for mitigating impacts of climate change. We compared temperature-dependent malaria transmission models when mosquito life-history traits were estimated from a truncated portion of the lifespan (a common practice) versus traits measured across the full lifespan. We conducted an experiment on adult female Anopheles stephensi, the Asian urban malaria mosquito, to generate daily per capita values for mortality, egg production and biting rate at six constant temperatures. Both temperature and age significantly affected trait values. Further, we found quantitative and qualitative differences between temperature-trait relationships estimated from truncated data versus observed lifetime values. Incorporating these temperature-trait relationships into an expression governing the thermal suitability of transmission, relative R0(T), resulted in minor differences in the breadth of suitable temperatures for Plasmodium falciparum transmission between the two models constructed from only An. stephensi trait data. However, we found a substantial increase in thermal niche breadth compared with a previously published model consisting of trait data from multiple Anopheles mosquito species. Overall, this work highlights the importance of considering how mosquito trait values vary with mosquito age and mosquito species when generating temperature-based suitability predictions of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Miazgowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - M S Shocket
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S J Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - O C Villena
- Computational Modeling and Data Analytics, Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - R J Hall
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J Owen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - T Adanlawo
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - K Balaji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - L R Johnson
- Computational Modeling and Data Analytics, Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - E A Mordecai
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C C Murdock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Mauda-Havakuk M, Hawken N, Owen J, Mikhail A, Franco Mahecha O, Esparza-Trujillo J, Lewis A, Pritchard W, Karanian J, Wood B. 4:03 PM Abstract No. 134 The immunological response to cryoablation in a woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Suman A, Owen J. Update on the management of burns in paediatrics. BJA Educ 2020; 20:103-110. [PMID: 33456937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Suman
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - J Owen
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Aggarwal VR, Pavitt S, Wu J, Nattress B, Franklin P, Owen J, Wood D, Vinall-Collier K. Assessing the perceived impact of post Minamata amalgam phase down on oral health inequalities: a mixed-methods investigation. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:985. [PMID: 31864347 PMCID: PMC6925872 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data from countries that have implemented a complete phase out of dental amalgam following the Minamata agreement suggest increased costs and time related to the placement of alternatives with consumers absorbing the additional costs. This aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a complete phase out of dental amalgam on oral health inequalities in particular for countries dependent on state run oral health services. Methods A mixed methods component design quantitative and qualitative study in the United Kingdom. The quantitative study involved acquisition and analysis of datasets from NHS Scotland to compare trends in placement of dental amalgam and a survey of GDPs in Yorkshire, UK. The qualitative study involved analysis of the free text of the survey and a supplementary secondary analysis of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with GDPs (private and NHS), dental school teaching leads and NHS dental commissioners to understand the impact of amalgam phase down on oral health inequalities. Results Time-trends for amalgam placement showed that there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in amalgam use compared with composites and glass ionomers. However dental amalgam still represented a large proportion (42%) of the restorations (circa 1.8 million) placed in the 2016–2017 financial year. Survey respondents suggest that direct impacts of a phase down were related to increased costs and time to place alternative restorations and reduced quality of care. This in turn would lead to increased tooth extractions, reduced access to care and privatisation of dental services with the greatest impact on deprived populations. Conclusion Amalgam is still a widely placed material in state run oral health services. The complete phase down of dental amalgam poses a threat to such services and threatens to widen oral health inequalities. Our data suggest that a complete phase out is not currently feasible unless appropriate measures are in place to ensure cheaper, long-lasting and easy to use alternatives are available and can be readily adopted by primary care oral health providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Aggarwal
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK.
| | - S Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - J Wu
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - B Nattress
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - P Franklin
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - J Owen
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - D Wood
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - K Vinall-Collier
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
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36
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Tull K, Gray-Burrows KA, Bhatti A, Owen J, Rutter L, Zoltie T, Purdy J, Giles E, Paige C, Patel M, Marshman Z, West R, Pavitt S, Day PF. "Strong Teeth"-a study protocol for an early-phase feasibility trial of a complex oral health intervention delivered by dental teams to parents of young children. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2019; 5:100. [PMID: 31413863 PMCID: PMC6691530 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-019-0483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental attendance provides an important opportunity for dental teams to explore with parents the oral health behaviours they undertake for their young children (0–5 years old). For these discussions to be effective, dental professionals need to be skilled in behaviour change conversations. The current evidence suggests that dental teams need further support, training and resources in this area. Therefore, the University of Leeds and Oral-B (Procter & Gamble Company) have worked with the local community and dental professionals to co-develop “Strong Teeth” (an oral health intervention), which is delivered in a general dental practice setting by the whole dental team. The protocol for this early phase study will explore the feasibility and acceptability of the Strong Teeth intervention to parents and the dental team, as well as explore short-term changes in oral health behaviour. Methods Forty parents (20 of children aged 0–2 years old, and 20 of children aged 3–5 years old) who are about to attend the dentist for their child’s regular dental check-up will be recruited to the study. Parents and children will be recruited from 4 to 8 different dental practices. In the home setting, consent and baseline oral health behaviour data will be collected. The researchers will ask parents questions about their child’s oral health behaviours, including toothbrushing and diet. Three different proxy objective measures of toothbrushing will be collected and compared with self-report measures of parental supervised toothbrushing (PSB). Discussion The parent and child will then attend their dental visit and receive the Strong Teeth intervention, delivered by the dental team. This intervention should take 5–15 min to be delivered, in addition to the routine dental check-up. Furthermore, children aged 0–2 years old will receive an Oral-B manual children’s toothbrush, and children aged 3–5 years old will receive an Oral-B electric rechargeable children’s toothbrush. At 2 weeks and 2–3 months following the Strong Teeth intervention, further self-report and objective measures will be collected in the parent/child’s home. This data will be supplemented with purposively sampled qualitative interviews with parents (approximately 3 months following the intervention) and dental team members (following delivery of the intervention). Trial registration ISRCTN Register, (ISRCTN10709150) Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40814-019-0483-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerina Tull
- 1University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | | | - Amrit Bhatti
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Lucy Rutter
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Timothy Zoltie
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Jayne Purdy
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Erin Giles
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Carron Paige
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Morvin Patel
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Zoe Marshman
- 3University of Sheffield, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA UK
| | - Robert West
- 1University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Peter F Day
- 2University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
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Horsley H, Owen J, Browning R, Carugo D, Malone-Lee J, Stride E, Rohn JL. Ultrasound-activated microbubbles as a novel intracellular drug delivery system for urinary tract infection. J Control Release 2019; 301:166-175. [PMID: 30904501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of new modalities for high-efficiency intracellular drug delivery is a priority for a number of disease areas. One such area is urinary tract infection (UTI), which is one of the most common infectious diseases globally and which imposes an immense economic and healthcare burden. Common uropathogenic bacteria have been shown to invade the urothelial wall during acute UTI, forming latent intracellular reservoirs that can evade antimicrobials and the immune response. This behaviour likely facilitates the high recurrence rates after oral antibiotic treatments, which are not able to penetrate the bladder wall and accumulate to an effective concentration. Meanwhile, oral antibiotics may also exacerbate antimicrobial resistance and cause systemic side effects. Using a human urothelial organoid model, we tested the ability of novel ultrasound-activated lipid microbubbles to deliver drugs into the cytoplasm of apical cells. The gas-filled lipid microbubbles were decorated with liposomes containing the non-cell-permeant antibiotic gentamicin and a fluorescent marker. The microbubble suspension was added to buffer at the apical surface of the bladder model before being exposed to ultrasound (1.1 MHz, 2.5 Mpa, 5500 cycles at 20 ms pulse duration) for 20 s. Our results show that ultrasound-activated intracellular delivery using microbubbles was over 16 times greater than the control group and twice that achieved by liposomes that were not associated with microbubbles. Moreover, no cell damage was detected. Together, our data show that ultrasound-activated microbubbles can safely deliver high concentrations of drugs into urothelial cells, and have the potential to be a more efficacious alternative to traditional oral antibiotic regimes for UTI. This modality of intracellular drug delivery may prove useful in other clinical indications, such as cancer and gene therapy, where such penetration would aid in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horsley
- Department of Renal Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College, London, UK
| | - J Owen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, UK
| | - R Browning
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, UK
| | - D Carugo
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - J Malone-Lee
- Department of Renal Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College, London, UK
| | - E Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, UK
| | - J L Rohn
- Department of Renal Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College, London, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Owen
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Skaripa-Koukelli I, Owen J, Tietz O, Carlisle R, Vallis K. PO-437 Ultrasound-triggered delivery of halogenated pyruvate analogues to breast cancer cells. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Owen J, Menon J, Gray M, Gill M, Vallis K, Carlisle R. PO-116 Indium-111 afterloading of preformed EGF-containing liposomes for molecularly targeted radionuclide delivery via ultrasound-induced cavitation. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Abstract
Objectives To examine the quality of UK-based oral health promotion materials (OHPM) for parents of young children aged 0-5 years old.Data sources OHPM were obtained via email request to dental public health consultants and oral health promotion teams in the UK, structured web-based searches or collected from oral health events.Data selection Materials were included if: they were freely available; they were in English; they were parent facing and included oral health advice aimed at children aged 0-5-years-old.Data extraction Quality assessment was based on: whether the oral health messages were consistent with Public Health England's Delivering better oral health guidance, and what barriers to good oral health were addressed by the OHPM using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).Data synthesis A wide range of printed and digital OHPM were identified (n = 111). However, only one piece of material covered all 16 guidance points identified in Public Health England's Delivering better oral health (mean 6, SD 4), and one other material addressed all 12 domains of the TDF (mean 6, SD 2).Conclusions Although there were examples of high quality, further development is required to ensure OHPM are clear, consistent and address a wider range of barriers to good oral health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Owen
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT
| | - P F Day
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT
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Pugh SJ, Ortega-Villa AM, Grobman W, Newman RB, Owen J, Wing DA, Albert PS, Grantz KL. Estimating gestational age at birth from fundal height and additional anthropometrics: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 2018; 125:1397-1404. [PMID: 29473290 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate assessment of gestational age (GA) is critical to paediatric care, but is limited in developing countries without access to ultrasound. Our objectives were to assess the accuracy of prediction of GA at birth and preterm birth classification using routinely collected anthropometry measures. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING United States. POPULATION OR SAMPLE A total of 2334 non-obese and 468 obese pregnant women. METHODS Enrolment GA was determined based on last menstrual period, confirmed by first-trimester ultrasound. Maternal anthropometry and fundal height (FH) were measured by a standardised protocol at study visits; FH alone was additionally abstracted from medical charts. Neonatal anthropometry measurements were obtained at birth. To estimate GA at delivery, we developed three predictor models using longitudinal FH alone and with maternal and neonatal anthropometry. For all predictors, we repeatedly sampled observations to construct training (60%) and test (40%) sets. Linear mixed models incorporated longitudinal maternal anthropometry and a shared parameter model incorporated neonatal anthropometry. We assessed models' accuracy under varied scenarios. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Estimated GA at delivery. RESULTS Prediction error for various combinations of anthropometric measures ranged between 13.9 and 14.9 days. Longitudinal FH alone predicted GA within 14.9 days with relatively stable prediction errors across individual race/ethnicities [whites (13.9 days), blacks (15.1 days), Hispanics (15.5 days) and Asians (13.1 days)], and correctly identified 75% of preterm births. The model was robust to additional scenarios. CONCLUSIONS In low-risk, non-obese women, longitudinal FH measures alone can provide a reasonably accurate assessment of GA when ultrasound measures are not available. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Longitudinal fundal height alone predicts gestational age at birth when ultrasound measures are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Pugh
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A M Ortega-Villa
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Medical Center Drive, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - W Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R B Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Owen
- Department of Ob/Gyn, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Women's Reproductive Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - D A Wing
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.,Miller Children's Hospital/Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - P S Albert
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Medical Center Drive, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - K L Grantz
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Eskyte I, Gray-Burrows K, Owen J, Sykes-Muskett B, Zoltie T, Gill S, Smith V, McEachan R, Marshman Z, West R, Pavitt S, Day P. HABIT-an early phase study to explore an oral health intervention delivered by health visitors to parents with young children aged 9-12 months: study protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:68. [PMID: 29610675 PMCID: PMC5870936 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parental supervised brushing (PSB) when initiated in infancy can lead to long-term protective home-based oral health habits thereby reducing the risk of dental caries. However, PSB is a complex behaviour with many barriers reported by parents hindering its effective implementation. Within the UK, oral health advice is delivered universally to parents by health visitors and their wider teams when children are aged between 9 and 12 months. Nevertheless, there is no standardised intervention or training upon which health visitors can base this advice, and they often lack the specialised knowledge needed to help parents overcome barriers to performing PSB and limiting sugary foods and drinks. Working with health visitors and parents of children aged 9–24 months, we have co-designed oral health training and resources (Health Visitors delivering Advice in Britain on Infant Toothbrushing (HABIT) intervention) to be used by health visitors and their wider teams when providing parents of children aged 9–12 months with oral health advice. The aim of the study is to explore the acceptability of the HABIT intervention to parents and health visitors, to examine the mechanism of action and develop suitable objective measures of PSB. Methods/design Six health visitors working in a deprived city in the UK will be provided with training on how to use the HABIT intervention. Health visitors will then each deliver the intervention to five parents of children aged 9–12 months. The research team will collect measures of PSB and dietary behaviours before and at 2 weeks and 3 months after the HABIT intervention. Acceptability of the HABIT intervention to health visitors will be explored through semi-structured diaries completed after each visit and a focus group discussion after delivery to all parents. Acceptability of the HABIT intervention and mechanism of action will be explored briefly during each home visit with parents and in greater details in 20–25 qualitative interviews after the completion of data collection. The utility of three objective measures of PSB will be compared with each other and with parental-self reports. Discussion This study will provide essential information to inform the design of a definitive cluster randomised controlled trial. Trial registration There is no database for early phase studies such as ours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Eskyte
- 1School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | | | - Jenny Owen
- 1School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | | | - Tim Zoltie
- 1School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Susanne Gill
- Highfield Health Visiting Team, Highfield Health Centre, Leeds, BD4 9QA UK
| | - Victoria Smith
- Allerton Health Visiting Team, Allerton Health Centre, Bradford, BD15 7NJ UK
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- 4Born in Bradford, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, BD9 6RJ UK
| | - Zoe Marshman
- 5School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA UK
| | - Robert West
- 6Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- 7Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - Peter Day
- 1School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
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Muir D, Vat LE, Keller M, Bell T, Jørgensen CR, Eskildsen NB, Johnsen AT, Pandya-Wood R, Blackburn S, Day R, Ingram C, Hapeshi J, Khan S, Muir D, Baird W, Pavitt SH, Boards R, Briggs J, Loughhead E, Patel M, Khalil R, Cooper D, Day P, Boards J, Wu J, Zoltie T, Barber S, Thompson W, Kenny K, Owen J, Ramsdale M, Grey-Borrows K, Townsend N, Johnston J, Maddison K, Duff-Walker H, Mahon K, Craig L, Collins R, O’Grady A, Wadd S, Kelly A, Dutton M, McCann M, Jones R, Mathie E, Wythe H, Munday D, Millac P, Rhodes G, Roberts N, Simpson J, Barden N, Vicary P, Wellings A, Poland F, Jones J, Miah J, Bamforth H, Charalambous A, Dawes P, Edwards S, Leroi I, Manera V, Parsons S, Sayers R, Pinfold V, Dawson P, Gibbons B, Gibson J, Hobson-Merrett C, McCabe C, Rawcliffe T, Frith L, Gudgin B, Wellings A, Horobin A, Ewart C, Higton F, Vanhegan S, Pandya-Wood R, Stewart J, Wragg A, Wray P, Widdowson K, Brighton LJ, Pask S, Benalia H, Bailey S, Sumerfield M, Etkind S, Murtagh FEM, Koffman J, Evans CJ, Hrisos S, Marshall J, Yarde L, Riley B, Whitlock P, Jobson J, Ahmed S, Rankin J, Michie L, Scott J, Barker CR, Barlow-Pay M, Kekere-Ekun A, Mazumder A, Nishat A, Petley R, Brady LM, Templeton L, Walker E, Moore D, Shaw L, Nunns M, Thompson Coon J, Blomquist P, Cochrane S, Edelman N, Calliste J, Cassell J, Mader LB, Kläger S, Wilkinson IB, Hiemstra TF, Hughes M, Warren A, Atkins P, Eaton H, Keenan J, Poland F, Wythe H, Wellings A, Vicary P, Rhodes C, Skrybrant M, Blackburn S, Chatwin L, Darby MA, Entwistle A, Hull D, Quann N, Hickey G, Dziedzic K, Eltringham SA, Gordon J, Franklin S, Jackson J, Leggett N, Davies P, Nugawela M, Scott L, Leach V, Richards A, Blacker A, Abrams P, Sharma J, Donovan J, Whiting P, Stones SR, Wright C, Boddy K, Irvine J, Harris J, Joseph N, Kok M, Gibson A, Evans D, Grier S, MacGowan A, Matthews R, Papoulias C, Augustine C, Hoffman M, Doughty M, Surridge H, Tembo D, Roberts A, Chambers E, Beever D, Wildman M, Davies RL, Staniszewska S, Stephens R, Schroter S, Price A, Richards T, Demaine A, Harmston R, Elliot J, Flemyng E, Sproson L, Pryde L, Reed H, Squire G, Stanton A, Langley J, Briggs M, Brindle P, Sanders R, McDermott C, David C, Nicola H, Simon D, Martin W, Coldham T, Ballinger C, Kerridge L, Mullee M, Eyles C, Barlow-Pay M, Hickey G, Johns T, Paylor J, Turner K, Whiting L, Roberts S, Petty J, Meager G, Grinbergs-Saull A, Morgan N, Turner K, Collins F, Gibson S, Passmore S, Evans L, Green SA, Trite J, Matthews R, Hrisos S, Thomson R, Green D, Atkinson H, Mitchell A, Corner L, AM AMK, Nguyen R, Frank B, McNeil N, Harrison H. Abstracts from the NIHR INVOLVE Conference 2017. Res Involv Engagem 2017; 3:27. [PMCID: PMC5773864 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-017-0075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Muir
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lidewij Eva Vat
- Newfoundland and Labrador’s Support for People and Patient-Oriented Research and Trials Unit, Memorial University Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland and Labrador Canada
| | - Malori Keller
- Saskatchewan Centre for Patient-Oriented Research, Health Quality Council, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Tim Bell
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Clara R. Jørgensen
- Department of Disability, Inclusion and Special Needs, School of Education, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nanna B. Eskildsen
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna T. Johnsen
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Raksha Pandya-Wood
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service East Midlands, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Steven Blackburn
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service West Midlands, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Ruth Day
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service East Midlands, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Public contributor involved with the National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service Public Involvement Community, Derby, UK
| | - Carol Ingram
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service West Midlands, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
- Public contributor involved with the National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service Public Involvement Community, Derby, UK
| | - Julie Hapeshi
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service South West, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, UK
| | - Samaira Khan
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service Yorkshire and Humber, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Delia Muir
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service Yorkshire and Humber, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Wendy Baird
- National Institute for Health Research, Research Design Service Yorkshire and Humber, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sue H. Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Richard Boards
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Janet Briggs
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ellen Loughhead
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Batley Girls High School, Batley, UK
| | - Mariya Patel
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Batley Girls High School, Batley, UK
| | - Rameesa Khalil
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Batley Girls High School, Batley, UK
| | | | - Peter Day
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Boards
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- The SMILE AIDERS Patient Public Involvement & Engagement Forum School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jianhua Wu
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sophy Barber
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Kate Kenny
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Katie Maddison
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Harry Duff-Walker
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Katie Mahon
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lily Craig
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rebecca Collins
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alice O’Grady
- School of Performance & Cultural Industries, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Wadd
- Substance Misuse and Ageing Research Team (SMART), Institute of Applied Social Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Adrian Kelly
- Substance Misuse and Ageing Research Team (SMART), Institute of Applied Social Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Maureen Dutton
- Substance Misuse and Ageing Research Team (SMART), Institute of Applied Social Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Michelle McCann
- Substance Misuse and Ageing Research Team (SMART), Institute of Applied Social Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Rebecca Jones
- Substance Misuse and Ageing Research Team (SMART), Institute of Applied Social Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Elspeth Mathie
- CRIPACC, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Helena Wythe
- CRIPACC, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Diane Munday
- Public Involvement in Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Paul Millac
- Public Involvement in Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Graham Rhodes
- INsPIRE PPI Group, Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Ely, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Nick Roberts
- INsPIRE PPI Group, Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, Ely, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Jean Simpson
- Cambridge University Hospital (CUH) Patient and Public Involvement Panel, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Nat Barden
- Service User and Research Group, Cambridge and Peterborough Foundation Trust, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Penny Vicary
- Public & Patient Involvement in Research (PPIRes), Norfolk and Suffolk, UK
| | - Amander Wellings
- Public & Patient Involvement in Research (PPIRes), Norfolk and Suffolk, UK
| | | | - Julia Jones
- CRIPACC, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jahanara Miah
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Public Programmes Team, Research and Innovation Division, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Howard Bamforth
- SENSE-Cog Research User Group, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Charalambous
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Piers Dawes
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness (ManCAD), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Steven Edwards
- Public Programmes Team, Research and Innovation Division, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Iracema Leroi
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Valeria Manera
- CoBTeK COgnition Behaviour Technology, Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Suzanne Parsons
- Public Programmes Team, Research and Innovation Division, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Paul Dawson
- Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucy Frith
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Research Design Service North West, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Adele Horobin
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Raksha Pandya-Wood
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) East Midlands Research Design Service, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jane Stewart
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) East Midlands Research Design Service, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Health Science Partners, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andy Wragg
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paula Wray
- INVOLVE Coordinating Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kirsty Widdowson
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lisa Jane Brighton
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie Pask
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Hamid Benalia
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sylvia Bailey
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marion Sumerfield
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Etkind
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Fliss E. M. Murtagh
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Jonathan Koffman
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine J. Evans
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Susan Hrisos
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Bren Riley
- Riverside Project, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Safia Ahmed
- Health and Race Equality Forum, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Judith Rankin
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lydia Michie
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jason Scott
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Caroline R. Barker
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Megan Barlow-Pay
- National Institute for Health Research Design Service South Central, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Aisha Kekere-Ekun
- Young Adult Patient and Public Involvement Group member, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Aniqa Mazumder
- Young Adult Patient and Public Involvement Group member, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Aniqa Nishat
- Young Adult Patient and Public Involvement Group member, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Rebecca Petley
- Young Adult Patient and Public Involvement Group member, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Louca-Mai Brady
- Kingston and St George’s Joint Faculty and Independent Research Consultant, London, UK
| | | | - Erin Walker
- Centre for Outcomes and Experiences Research in Child Health, Illness and Disease, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Darren Moore
- National Institute of Health Research Peninsula Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Liz Shaw
- National Institute of Health Research Peninsula Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael Nunns
- National Institute of Health Research Peninsula Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Jo Thompson Coon
- National Institute of Health Research Peninsula Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Paula Blomquist
- Public Health England, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at UCL, London, UK
| | - Sarah Cochrane
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Natalie Edelman
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
- University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Josina Calliste
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at UCL, London, UK
| | - Jackie Cassell
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at UCL, London, UK
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Laura B. Mader
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabine Kläger
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian B. Wilkinson
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas F. Hiemstra
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mel Hughes
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Angela Warren
- PIER (Public Involvement in Education and Research) partnership, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Peter Atkins
- PIER (Public Involvement in Education and Research) partnership, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Hazel Eaton
- Research and Development, Dorset Healthcare University NHS Foundation Trust, Dorset, UK
| | | | | | - Helena Wythe
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Amander Wellings
- Members of the Patient and Public in Research Group (PPIRes), NHS South Norfolk Clinical Commissioning Group, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Penny Vicary
- Members of the Patient and Public in Research Group (PPIRes), NHS South Norfolk Clinical Commissioning Group, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Carol Rhodes
- NIHR Research Design Service West Midlands, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Magdalena Skrybrant
- NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Health Research and Care West Midlands, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steven Blackburn
- NIHR Research Design Service West Midlands, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Lucy Chatwin
- Academic Health Science Network West Midlands, Institute of Translational Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mary-Anne Darby
- NIHR Clinical Research Network West Midlands, Greyfriars Business Park, Stafford, UK
| | - Andrew Entwistle
- NIHR Clinical Research Network West Midlands, Greyfriars Business Park, Stafford, UK
| | - Diana Hull
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Birmingham Clinical Research Facility, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naimh Quann
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Birmingham Clinical Research Facility, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gary Hickey
- INVOLVE, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton, UK
| | - Krysia Dziedzic
- NIHR Research Design Service West Midlands, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Sabrina A. Eltringham
- Directorate of Therapeutics and Palliative, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim Gordon
- Directorate of Therapeutics and Palliative, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sue Franklin
- Directorate of Therapeutics and Palliative, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joni Jackson
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nick Leggett
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Philippa Davies
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Manjula Nugawela
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lauren Scott
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Verity Leach
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alison Richards
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony Blacker
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Jitin Sharma
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | - Jenny Donovan
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Penny Whiting
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon R. Stones
- NIHR: CRN Children/Arthritis Research UK Paediatric Rheumatology Clinical Studies Group, Liverpool, UK
| | - Catherine Wright
- NIHR: CRN Children/Arthritis Research UK Paediatric Rheumatology Clinical Studies Group, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kate Boddy
- NIHR CLAHRC South West Peninsula (PenCLAHRC), University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Jenny Irvine
- NIHR CLAHRC North West Coast (CLAHRC NWC), Based at Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jim Harris
- Peninsula Public Involvement Group (PenPIG), PenCLAHRC, South West Peninsula, Exeter, UK
| | - Neil Joseph
- Public Reference Panel (PRP), CLAHRC NWC, North West Coast area, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michele Kok
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Andy Gibson
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - David Evans
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Sally Grier
- Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Alasdair MacGowan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachel Matthews
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Cherelle Augustine
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Maurice Hoffman
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Heidi Surridge
- NIHR Evaluation Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (NETSCC), Southampton, UK
| | - Doreen Tembo
- NIHR Evaluation Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (NETSCC), Southampton, UK
| | - Amanda Roberts
- Public member, NETSCC Public Involvement Virtual Network and Public member of a Trial Steering Committee, Southampton, UK
| | - Eleni Chambers
- Public member, NETSCC PPI Reference Group, Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel Beever
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire UK
| | - Martin Wildman
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire UK
| | - Rosemary L. Davies
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Sophie Staniszewska
- Warwick Research in Nursing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | | | | | - Amy Price
- The BMJ, London, UK
- Department of Continuing Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lise Sproson
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Health Technology Co-operative, Sheffield, UK
| | - Liz Pryde
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Health Technology Co-operative, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heath Reed
- Lab4Living, Art and Design Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gill Squire
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andy Stanton
- Lab4Living, Art and Design Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joe Langley
- Lab4Living, Art and Design Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Moya Briggs
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Health Technology Co-operative, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philip Brindle
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Health Technology Co-operative, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rod Sanders
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Health Technology Co-operative, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher McDermott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Coyle David
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF UK
- Renal Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heron Nicola
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF UK
| | - Davies Simon
- Institute for Applied Clinical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire UK
- University Hospital of North Midlands, Newcastle Rd, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST46QG UK
| | - Wilkie Martin
- University Hospital of North Midlands, Newcastle Rd, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST46QG UK
| | | | | | | | - Mark Mullee
- Research Design Service South Central, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline Eyles
- Research Design Service South Central, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Megan Barlow-Pay
- Research Design Service South Central, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Gary Hickey
- NIHR INVOLVE, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tracey Johns
- NIHR Research Design Service East of England, University of Essex, Essex, UK
| | - Jon Paylor
- NIHR Research Design Service London, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Katie Turner
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Lisa Whiting
- Department of Nursing and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Sheila Roberts
- Department of Nursing and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Julia Petty
- Department of Nursing and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Gary Meager
- Department of Nursing and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
| | | | | | - Kati Turner
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Flavia Collins
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Gibson
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Siobhan Passmore
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Liz Evans
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stuart A. Green
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jenny Trite
- Central and Northwest London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rachel Matthews
- NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, Imperial College London/Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susan Hrisos
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Richard Thomson
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Dave Green
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Helen Atkinson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences Engage, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Alex Mitchell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences Engage, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Lynne Corner
- Faculty of Medical Sciences Engage, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Nguyen
- Consumer and Community Health Research Network, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Belinda Frank
- Consumer and Community Health Research Network, Perth, Australia
| | - Ngaire McNeil
- Consumer and Community Health Research Network, Perth, Australia
| | - Hayley Harrison
- Consumer and Community Health Research Network, Perth, Australia
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Rice T, Theakston A, Mudd J, Iglesias-Postigo A, Owen J, Wyatt C, Hall A, Taggart S, Turley AJ, Linker NJ. 144Implantable cardiac monitors (ICM): quality assurance audit outcomes of an innovative specialist nurse led service. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux283.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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de Saint Victor M, Carugo D, Barnsley LC, Owen J, Coussios CC, Stride E. Magnetic targeting to enhance microbubble delivery in an occluded microarterial bifurcation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 62:7451-7470. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa858f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Garbarino J, Howell A, Owen J. Two further episodes of a defective Optima CLX laryngoscope blade. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1031. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Garbarino
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital; Manchester UK
| | - A. Howell
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital; Manchester UK
| | - J. Owen
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital; Manchester UK
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Pound P, Denford S, Shucksmith J, Tanton C, Johnson AM, Owen J, Hutten R, Mohan L, Bonell C, Abraham C, Campbell R. What is best practice in sex and relationship education? A synthesis of evidence, including stakeholders' views. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014791. [PMID: 28669970 PMCID: PMC5730004 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sex and relationship education (SRE) is regarded as vital to improving young people's sexual health, but a third of schools in England lacks good SRE and government guidance is outdated. We aimed to identify what makes SRE programmes effective, acceptable, sustainable and capable of faithful implementation. DESIGN This is a synthesis of findings from five research packages that we conducted (practitioner interviews, case study investigation, National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, review of reviews and qualitative synthesis). We also gained feedback on our research from stakeholder consultations. SETTINGS Primary research and stakeholder consultations were conducted in the UK. Secondary research draws on studies worldwide. RESULTS Our findings indicate that school-based SRE and school-linked sexual health services can be effective at improving sexual health. We found professional consensus that good programmes start in primary school. Professionals and young people agreed that good programmes are age-appropriate, interactive and take place in a safe environment. Some young women reported preferring single-sex classes, but young men appeared to want mixed classes. Young people and professionals agreed that SRE should take a 'life skills' approach and not focus on abstinence. Young people advocated a 'sex-positive' approach but reported this was lacking. Young people and professionals agreed that SRE should discuss risks, but young people indicated that approaches to risk need revising. Professionals felt teachers should be involved in SRE delivery, but many young people reported disliking having their teachers deliver SRE and we found that key messages could become lost when interpreted by teachers. The divergence between young people and professionals was echoed by stakeholders. We developed criteria for best practice based on the evidence. CONCLUSIONS We identified key features of effective and acceptable SRE. Our best practice criteria can be used to evaluate existing programmes, contribute to the development of new programmes and inform consultations around statutory SRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandora Pound
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Denford
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Janet Shucksmith
- School of Health and Social Care, Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Clare Tanton
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anne M Johnson
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, UK
| | - Jenny Owen
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research (SHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rebecca Hutten
- School of Health and Related Research (SHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Leanne Mohan
- School of Health and Social Care, Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Chris Bonell
- Department Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Charles Abraham
- Psychology Applied to Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rona Campbell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Mudd J, Hall A, Rice A, Theakston A, Iglesias A, Owen J, Wyatt C, Turley AJ, Linker NJ. P819Outcome of a streamlined care pathway for patients with previously undetected atrial fibrillation (AF) in surgical pre admission clinics (PAC) with dedicated cardiac rhythm management. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux151.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Miller KE, Kuhn E, Weiss B, Owen J, Crowley JJ, Yu J, Taylor KL, Trockel M. 0356 CLINICIAN PERCEPTIONS RELATED TO THE USE OF CBT-I COACH MOBILE APP. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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