1
|
Nagit RE, Rezus E, Cianga P. Exploring the Pathogenesis of Spondylarthritis beyond HLA-B27: A Descriptive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6081. [PMID: 38892265 PMCID: PMC11172491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Spondylarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that encompasses damage to the axial or peripheral skeleton, accompanied by specific extra-articular symptoms. Within this group, Ankylosing Spondylitis stands out as the hallmark member. Although the heritability of Ankylosing Spondylitis is estimated to be over 95%, only a portion of the heritability has been explained, with HLA-B27 accounting for 20.1% of it; therefore, ongoing research endeavors are currently concentrated on investigating the potential participation of different entities in the development of the disease. Genome-wide association studies have led to significant advances in our understanding of the genetics of SpA. In this descriptive review, we delve into the pathogenesis of Spondylarthritis beyond HLA-B27. We summarize the latest research on the potential participation of various entities in the development of the disease, including other genetic loci, immune dysregulation, microbiota, and environmental factors. The multifactorial nature of SpA and the complex interplay of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are being increasingly recognized; therefore, it is of paramount importance to consider a holistic approach to comprehend the pathogenesis of SpA in order to identify novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra-Elena Nagit
- Immunology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Elena Rezus
- Rheumatology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iași, Romania
| | - Petru Cianga
- Immunology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Immunology Laboratory, “St. Spiridon” Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mesahel RMI, Fotoh DS, Hadhoud MM, Ali Assar MF. A study of the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) gene and the risk of ankylosing spondylitis in Egyptians. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:614. [PMID: 38704785 PMCID: PMC11070390 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is often regarded as the prototypical manifestation of spondylo-arthropathies that prevalently involves the axial skeleton with the potential attribution of ERAP2 polymorphisms to AS predisposition. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic association between ERAP2 gene rs2910686, and rs2248374 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of ankylosing spondylitis in the Egyptian population. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional work involved 200 individuals: 100 AS individuals diagnosed based on modified New York criteria in 1984 with 100 healthy controls matched in age and gender. The study included a comprehensive evaluation of historical data, clinical examinations, and evaluation of the activity of the disease using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). A comprehensive laboratory and radiological evaluation were conducted, accompanied by an assessment and genotyping of the ERAP2 gene variants rs2248374 and rs2910686. This genotyping was performed utilizing a real-time allelic discrimination methodology.Highly statistically substantial variations existed among the AS patients and the healthy control group regarding rs2910686 and rs2248374 alleles. There was a statistically significant difference between rs2910686 and rs2248374 regarding BASDAI, BASFI, mSASSS, ASQoL, V.A.S, E.S.R, and BASMI in the active AS group. CONCLUSIONS ERAP2 gene SNPs have been identified as valuable diagnostic biomarkers for AS patients in the Egyptian population being a sensitive and non-invasive approach for AS diagnosis especially rs2910686. Highly statistically significant variations existed among the AS patients and the healthy control group regarding rs2910686 alleles and genotypes.Further research is recommended to explore the potential therapeutic implications of these SNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dina Salem Fotoh
- Physical medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt.
| | | | - Mohamed Farag Ali Assar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saad MA, Abdul-Sattar AB, Abdelal IT, Baraka A. Shedding Light on the Role of ERAP1 in Axial Spondyloarthritis. Cureus 2023; 15:e48806. [PMID: 38024089 PMCID: PMC10645460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton (axSpA) and/or peripheral joints (p-SpA) and entheses. The disease's pathogenesis depends on genetic, immunological, mechanical, and environmental factors. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a multifunctional enzyme that shapes the peptide repertoire presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 that are associated with several autoimmune diseases, including axSpA. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the ERAP1 role in axSpA could make it a potential therapeutic target for this disease and offer greater insight into its impact on the immune system. Here, we review the biological functions and structure of ERAP1, discuss ERAP1 polymorphisms and their association with axSpA, highlight the interaction between ERAP1 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, and review the association between ERAP1 SNPs and axSpA clinical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Saad
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Hospital, Kuwait, KWT
| | - Amal B Abdul-Sattar
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ibrahim T Abdelal
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ahmed Baraka
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kenyon M, Maguire S, Rueda Pujol A, O'Shea F, McManus R. The genetic backbone of ankylosing spondylitis: how knowledge of genetic susceptibility informs our understanding and management of disease. Rheumatol Int 2022; 42:2085-2095. [PMID: 35939079 PMCID: PMC9548471 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-022-05174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a seronegative, chronic inflammatory arthritis with high genetic burden. A strong association with HLA-B27 has long been established, but to date its contribution to disease aetiology remains unresolved. Recent insights through genome wide studies reveal an increasing array of immunogenetic risk variants extraneous to the HLA complex in AS cohorts. These genetic traits build a complex profile of disease causality, highlighting several molecular pathways associated with the condition. This and other evidence strongly implicates T-cell-driven pathology, revolving around the T helper 17 cell subset as an important contributor to disease. This prominence of the T helper 17 cell subset has presented the opportunity for therapeutic intervention through inhibition of interleukins 17 and 23 which drive T helper 17 activity. While targeting of interleukin 17 has proven effective, this success has not been replicated with interleukin 23 inhibition in AS patients. Evidence points to significant genetic diversity between AS patients which may, in part, explain the observed refractoriness among a proportion of patients. In this review we discuss the impact of genetics on our understanding of AS and its relationship with closely linked pathologies. We further explore how genetics can be used in the development of therapeutics and as a tool to assist in the diagnosis and management of patients. This evidence indicates that genetic profiling should play a role in the clinician’s choice of therapy as part of a precision medicine strategy towards disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Kenyon
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Maguire
- Department of Rheumatology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Rueda Pujol
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Finbar O'Shea
- Department of Rheumatology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross McManus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fernández-Torres J, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Montaño-Armendariz N, Luján-Juárez IA, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Martínez-Flores K. HLA-B27 may modulate the interaction between ERAP1 polymorphisms and smoking in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6423-6431. [PMID: 35430705 PMCID: PMC9013272 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the enthesis and synovial membrane of the spine, the sacroiliac vertebrae and peripheral joints. Genetic susceptibility to AS is mainly due to the presence of the HLA-B*27 (B27) allele, and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase-1 (ERAP-1) plays a key role in antigen processing and presentation to HLA class I molecules. Tobacco consumption is one of the main environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including AS. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association and the interactive effects of variants of the ERAP1 gene with smoking in modulating the risk of AS. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study in the Mexican population. The association of two functional variants of the ERAP1 gene (rs30187 and rs27044) in patients with AS was analyzed by the allelic discrimination method using TaqMan probes. B27 was typified by PCR-SSP. The interaction between the variants of ERAP1 and B27 and smoking was assessed using the multifactorial dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. There was no significant association of the two variants of ERAP1 in the cases compared with the controls (P > 0.05); however, a strong interaction between the variants and smoking could be demonstrated, with entropy values of 4.97% for rs30187 and 5.13% for rs27044. In addition, these interaction effects were increased in patients carrying the B27 allele. CONCLUSIONS The rs30187 and rs27044 variants of the ERAP1 gene appear to potentiate the effect of smoking in patients with AS carrying the B27 allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández-Torres
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Biology Department, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina Martínez-Flores
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiao M, Zheng X, Li X, Wu X, Huang Y, Wei Q, Cao S, Gu J. Integrative blood-derived epigenetic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the potential regulatory role of DNA methylation in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:15. [PMID: 34986893 PMCID: PMC8728943 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The currently known risk loci could explain a small proportion of the heritability of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Epigenetics might account for the missing heritability. We aimed to seek more novel AS-associated DNA methylation alterations and delineate the regulatory effect of DNA methylation and gene expression with integrated analysis of methylome and transcriptome. Methods Epigenome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression were profiled in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 45 individuals (AS: health controls (HCs) = 30:15) with high-throughput array. The methylome was validated in an independent cohort (AS: HCs = 12:12). Pearson correlation analysis and causal inference tests (CIT) were conducted to determine potentially causative regulatory effects of methylation on mRNA expression. Results A total of 4794 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were identified associated with AS, 2526 DMPs of which were validated in an independent cohort. Both cohorts highlighted T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and Th17 differentiation pathways. Besides, AS patients manifested increased DNA methylation variability. The methylation levels of 158 DMPs were correlated with the mRNA expression levels of 112 genes, which formed interconnected network concentrated on Th17 cell differentiation and TCR signaling pathway (LCK, FYN, CD3G, TCF7, ZAP70, CXCL12, and PLCG1). We also identified several cis-acting DNA methylation and gene expression changes associated with AS risk, which might regulate the cellular mechanisms underlying AS. Conclusions Our studies outlined the landscapes of epi-signatures of AS and several methylation-gene expression-AS regulatory axis and highlighted the Th17 cell differentiation and TCR signaling pathway, which might provide innovative molecular targets for therapeutic interventions for AS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02697-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuqi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujing Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyan Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martínez-Nava GA, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Terrazas-Ontiveros NA, Martínez-Flores K, Espinosa-Morales R, Mijares-Díaz F, Juárez-Barreto SM, Lozada-Pérez C, Valdés-Flores M, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Hidalgo-Bravo A, Fernández-Torres J. A proposed HLA-B*27 screening method for ankylosing spondylitis detection based on tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms: a preliminary study. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7819-7829. [PMID: 34643924 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects primarily the spine. There is a strong association of the HLA-B*27 allele with AS pathogenesis, but recent studies have demonstrated the participation of ERAP1 gene in the genetic susceptibility. The aim of this study was to determine whether HLA-B tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and ERAP1-related genetic variations associated with AS have equal or similarly performance in patients´ screening compared to HLA-B*27 standard genotyping in Mexican population. METHODS AND RESULTS Genomic DNA from patients with AS and population-based controls from Mexico City was analyzed for five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs4349859, rs13202464, rs116488202, tagging HLA-B*27; and rs30187 and rs27044 in ERAP1 gene. TaqMan genotype assay method was used for SNPs genotyping. We found a significant association between AS and the heterozygote genotypes and minor alleles of the HLA-B*27 tag-SNPs, as well as for their haplotypes. With respect to ERAP1 polymorphisms, no significant associations were observed (p > 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity analysis showed values of 0.96 and 1.00 for the rs4349859 SNP, and 0.96 and 0.94 for the rs116488202 SNP, respectively, in detecting HLA-B*27 compared to the B27 test as the gold standard. CONCLUSIONS HLA-B*27 tag-SNPs are associated with AS susceptibility; furthermore, the rs4349859 SNP by its own have an outstanding performance in detecting HLA-B*27 and therefore can be proposed as screening marker in the identification of HLA-B*27 in our population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Karina Martínez-Flores
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Espinosa-Morales
- Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Mijares-Díaz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Lozada-Pérez
- Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita Valdés-Flores
- Genetics Service, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Hidalgo-Bravo
- Genetics Service, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Fernández-Torres
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico. .,Biology Department, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Londono J, Santos AM, Rueda JC, Calvo-Paramo E, Burgos-Vargas R, Vargas-Alarcon G, Martinez-Rodriguez N, Arias-Correal S, Muñoz GN, Padilla D, Cuervo F, Reyes-Martinez V, Bernal-Macías S, Villota-Eraso C, Avila-Portillo LM, Romero C, Medina JF. Association of ERAP2 polymorphisms in Colombian HLA-B27+ or HLA-B15+ patients with SpA and its relationship with clinical presentation: axial or peripheral predominance. RMD Open 2021; 6:rmdopen-2020-001250. [PMID: 32917832 PMCID: PMC7525252 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 and ERAP2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-B27+ or HLA-B15+ patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). METHODS 104 patients with SpA according to Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society criteria were included in the study. HLA typing was performed by PCR. The polymorphisms were determined by real-time PCR on genomic DNA using customised probes for SNPs rs27044, rs17482078, rs10050860 and rs30187 in ERAP1, and rs2910686, rs2248374 and rs2549782 in ERAP2. RESULTS 70 of the104 patients with SpA were HLA-B27+ and 34 were HLA-B15+. The distribution of ERAP1 and ERAP2 SNPs between the HLA-B15+ and HLA-B27+ patients with SpA did not reveal differences. Likewise, no differences in the frequencies of ERAP1 SNP haplotypes and alleles HLA-B15 or HLA-B27 were found. Interestingly, however, the frequencies of three particular haplotypes formed by ERAP2 SNPs rs2549782/rs2248374/rs2910686 varied between HLA-B15+ and HLA-B27+ patients: the ERAP2 SNPs haplotype TGT was more common in HLA-B15+ patients with SpA (OR 2.943, 95% CI 1.264 to 6.585; P=0.009), whereas the ERAP2 SNP haplotypes TGC and CAT were more associated with HLA-B27+ patients with SpA: (OR 4.483, 95% CI 1.524 to 13.187; p=0.003) and (OR 9.014, 95% CI 1.181 to 68.807; p=0.009), respectively. CONCLUSION An association was found between HLA-B15+ patients with SpA and haplotype TGT of ERAP2 SNPs. On the other hand, HLA-B27+ patients with SpA were associated with ERAP2 haplotypes TGC and CAT. These associations could be related to the clinical presentation of the disease, specifically with a peripheral or axial predominance, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Londono
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia .,Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ana M Santos
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Juan C Rueda
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | | | | | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nancy Martinez-Rodriguez
- Community Health Research Department, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Diana Padilla
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Francy Cuervo
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Luz M Avila-Portillo
- Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia.,Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Consuelo Romero
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Juan F Medina
- Clinical Training Unit, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao S, Xu T, Mao C, Cheng J, Xun C, Liang W, Sheng W. Lack of Associations between Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 2 Gene Polymorphisms and Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:715-726. [PMID: 33401999 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1869253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) gene is reported to be associated with inflammation-related diseases. Several studies have investigated the associations of ERAP2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the findings of those studies were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to elucidate the associations by a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA).Methods: Online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and CNKI were searched to identify eligible studies on the associations of ERAP2 gene polymorphisms and AS. Study quality was judged based on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Strengths of associations were presented by P-value, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). TSA was employed to evaluate the information size and statistical power.Results: A total of six studies encompassing 2774 AS patients and 4119 disease-free controls were eligible for this meta-analysis. Five studies reported rs2248374 polymorphism and three studies reported rs2549782 polymorphism. The pooled data suggested that the two polymorphisms were not significantly associated with AS susceptibility: rs2248374, A vs. G, OR = 0.94, 95%CI 0.86-1.02, P = .14; rs2549782, T vs. G, OR = 1.03, 95%CI 0.95-1.12, P = .45. TSA indicated that the sample sizes appeared to be inadequate to obtain a positive outcome.Conclusion: The present findings of this study do not support any evidence on the associations of rs2248374 and rs2549782 polymorphisms in the ERAP2 gene and susceptibility to AS. Additional well-designed and large-sample studies in diverse ethnicities are encouraged to validate the current findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Chao Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Chuanhui Xun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Weidong Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Weibin Sheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu C, Zhan X, Liu C, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Xu G, Xue J. A Mechanism Underlying Sex-Associated Differences in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Troponin C2, Fast Skeletal Type (TNNC2) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925179. [PMID: 33052895 PMCID: PMC7570825 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a disease that causes pathological changes in the spine and sacroiliac joints. Numerous studies have shown that the characteristics of AS differ between males and females. The purpose of this study was to discover the key molecules that contribute to sex-associated differences in AS, which may provide a new molecular target for personalized treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE39340 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Comprehensive database, and 2 groups (AS vs. No-AS groups and male AS vs. female AS groups) of differentially expressed genes (EDGs) were obtained by GEO2R. The DAVID database was used for DEGs function and enrichment analysis. Based on data in the STRING online database, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed in Cytoscape. Hub genes were selected from CytoHubba. With the intersection of the top 30 hub genes of 2 sets of EDGs, genes coexisting with the KEGG-related pathway were found. RESULTS We screened 560 genes between the AS and No-AS groups, and screened 710 genes that were differentially expressed between the male and female AS groups. GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly co-enriched in molecular functions, including structural constituent of muscle. The KEGG pathway mainly included the structural constituent of muscle. Seven hub genes were obtained. Troponin C2 and fast skeletal type (TNNC2) were the key genes participating in the calcium signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to understanding the molecular biological mechanism underlying sex-associated differences in AS. TNNC2 and calcium signaling pathway may be new targets for the individualized treatment of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Yu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Chong Liu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zide Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Jiang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guoyong Xu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jiang Xue
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paladini F, Fiorillo MT, Tedeschi V, D'Otolo V, Piga M, Cauli A, Mathieu A, Sorrentino R. The rs75862629 minor allele in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases intergenic region affects human leucocyte antigen B27 expression and protects from ankylosing spondylitis in Sardinia. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:2315-2324. [PMID: 31209470 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HLA-B27 and the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and ERAP2 genes are predisposing factors for AS. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the ERAP2 promoter (rs75862629) coordinates the transcription of both ERAP genes. We investigated whether this SNP associates with AS and whether it affects the expression of the two major HLA-B27 alleles present in Sardinia, the AS-associated B*2705 and the non-AS-associated B*2709. METHODS Four SNPs in the ERAP region were genotyped in HLA-B*2705-positive patients with AS (n = 145), B27-positive healthy subjects (n = 126) and B27-negative controls (n = 250) and the allele and haplotype frequencies were derived. The expression of ERAP1 and ERAP2 mRNAs in 36 HLA-B27-positive B lymphoblastoid cell lines was measured by quantitative PCR. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed to search for a nuclear factor binding the DNA sequence encompassing rs75862629. The expression of HLA-B27 molecules related to the SNP at rs75862629 was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The minor allele G at rs75862629 was found significantly increased in B27 healthy individuals, both B*2705 and B*2709, compared with B*2705-positive patients with AS and B27-negative controls. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated the lack of binding of a transcription factor as the cause of the observed reduction in the ERAP2 concomitant with a higher ERAP1 expression. Of note, this occurs with a different cell surface expression of the HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2709 molecules. CONCLUSION SNP rs75862629, by modulating simultaneously the expression of ERAP1 and ERAP2, provides protection from AS in HLA-B27-positive subjects in Sardinia. This has a functional impact on HLA-B27 expression and likely on disease onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana D'Otolo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Piga
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gao S, Xu T, Liang W, Xun C, Deng Q, Guo H, Sheng W. Association of
rs27044
and
rs30187
polymorphisms in
endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1
gene and ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility: A meta‐analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:499-510. [PMID: 31984677 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Weidong Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Chuanhui Xun
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Hailong Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| | - Weibin Sheng
- Department of Spine Surgery Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Urumqi China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ankylosing spondyloarthritis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves the axial joints and entheses. Extra-spinal manifestations such as anterior uveitis, psoriasis, and colitis also occur frequently. This review on the pathogenesis of AS includes an update on the recent discoveries within the field. RECENT FINDINGS HLA-B*27 is still considered of major importance in the pathogenesis, and it has recently been shown to profoundly affect the gut microbiome and its metabolites and the handling of bacteria during infection. Biochemical and biophysical properties of HLA-B*27 influence its ability to misfold, to induce an endoplasmic reticulum stress response, and to promote autophagy/unfolded protein responses (UPR). HLA-B*27 free heavy chains may induce inflammation through T cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells. Induction of UPR genes results in release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-23, and interferon-γ and increase in T helper (Th) 17 cells. Several other HLA-B and non-B molecules have been associated with AS, although their role in the pathogenesis is unknown. Genotypes of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases (ERAP) 1 and 2 have been associated with alterations in the antigenic pool expressed by HLA-B*27 molecules. In the gut, innate immune cells type 3 (ILC3) influence T cell expression of IL-17 and IL-22. Gamma-delta (γ/δ) T cells are induced by IL-23 to produce IL-17. IL-7 induces mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells to produce IL-17. Besides the microbiome, zonulin may be important through its effects on the permeability of tight junctions in the intestinal epithelial barrier.
Collapse
|
14
|
Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis Show a Weak Association between ANTXR2 Polymorphisms and Ankylosing Spondylitis in Chinese Han. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2018:8365173. [PMID: 30255098 PMCID: PMC6145054 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8365173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated associations of ANTXR2 gene polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). These associations differ depending on the ethnic populations and AS subgroups studied. Purposes of the current study were to evaluate the associations of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ANTXR2 gene with susceptibility to AS alone or AS in combination with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) in Chinese Han. Therefore, a case-control association study was performed in 880 AS+AAU−, 860 AS+AAU+, and 1700 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the iPLEXGold genotyping assay. Our results showed a weak association of rs6534639 AA genotype with AS+AAU+ patients (p=0.042), which was lost after correction for multiple comparisons. No other association was found between SNPs of ANTXR2 and susceptibility of AS+AAU− or AS+AAU+. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of polymorphisms in the ANTXR2 gene with AS. Results showed a weak association of rs4389526 with AS susceptibility in all studies but failed to show an association of rs6534639 with AS in Chinese Han. Taken together, this study shows no association between ANTXR2 polymorphisms and AS susceptibility in a Chinese Han population, but meta-analysis showed that rs4389526 in the ANTXR2 gene was weakly associated with AS susceptibility in both Caucasian and Chinese Han patients.
Collapse
|