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Compound heterozygosity for novel von Willebrand factor genetic variants associated with von Willebrand disease in two Chinese patients. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2023; 34:33-39. [PMID: 36598376 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Von Willebrand factor (VWF) encodes a secreted glycoprotein involved in primary hemostasis. Genetic mutations in this gene leading to either quantitation or qualitative defects of VWF, result in von Willebrand disease (VWD), an inherited bleeding disorder. METHODS In this study, two families with VWD were recruited and submitted to a series of clinical and genetic examinations. prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C), VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RCo) tests were measured in peripheral blood. F8, F9, and VWF genes were sequenced using next-generation sequencing, and Sanger sequencing was used as a validation method. RESULTS Both families had a child suffered spontaneous bleeding. Patient 1 showed normal VWF:Ag, severely decreased FVIII:C and VWF:RCo. Patient 2 showed severely decreased FVIII:C, VWF:Ag, and VWF:RCo. Compound heterozygous mutations of VWF gene were identified in both patients. Patient 1 had a novel deletion variant c.1910_1932del (p.Gly637AlafsTer5) and a missense variant c.605G>A (p.Arg202Gln). Patient 2 had a novel missense variant c.4817T>A (p.Met1606Lys) and a novel missense variant c.5983C>T (p.Pro1995Ser). CONCLUSIONS We described clinical and molecular features of VWD caused by compound heterozygous mutations in two Chinese patients. Our results expand the variation spectrum of the VWF gene and deepen the understanding of the relationship between the genotype and clinical characteristics of VWD.
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Chen GL, Li DZ. Germline mosaicism in a collagen VI-related myopathy family: A cause of autosomal recessive inheritance. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2021; 61:197-198. [PMID: 33837583 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lan Chen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Dai C, Cheng D, Li W, Zeng S, Lu G, Zhang Q. Identification of paternal germline mosaicism by MicroSeq and targeted next-generation sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1394. [PMID: 32643877 PMCID: PMC7507370 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prezygotic de novo mutations may be inherited from parents with germline mosaicism and are often overlooked when the resulting phenotype affects only one child. We aimed to identify paternal germline mosaicism in an index family and provide a strategy to determine germline mosaicism.' METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was performed on an Alport syndrome-affected child. Variants were validated using Sanger sequencing in the pedigree analysis. An apparent de novo mutation was tested by next-generation sequencing (NGS) following chromosome microdissection of the mutant region (MicroSeq) to clarify its homologous chromosome source. Mosaic mutation in sperm samples was detected using targeted next-generation sequencing (TNGS). Self-prepared mosaic DNA samples of the 3% and 0.1% mutant fractions were used to evaluate the TNGS detection sensitivity. RESULTS Two novel heterozygous variants, maternally inherited c.1322delT (p.Ile441Thrfs*17) and the de novo mutation c.2939T>A (p.Leu980Ter), in the COL4A3 gene were discovered in the propositus. MicroSeq identified c.2939T>A in the paternal chromosome, which was in trans with c.1322delT. The frequency of c.2937A was 2.65% in the father's sperm sample. We also showed that a 500X depth coverage may detect a mosaic mutation with an allele frequency as low as 2%-3% using TNGS. CONCLUSION MicroSeq is a valuable tool to identify the allele source of de novo mutations in a single patient. TNGS can be used to assess the mosaic ratios of known sites. We provided a systematic algorithm to detect germinal mosaicism in a single patient. This algorithm may have implications for genetic and reproductive counseling on germline mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congling Dai
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Dehua Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital ofCITIC-Xiangya, Hunan, China
| | - Weina Li
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital ofCITIC-Xiangya, Hunan, China
| | - Sicong Zeng
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital ofCITIC-Xiangya, Hunan, China.,School of medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital ofCITIC-Xiangya, Hunan, China.,School of medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China.,Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjun Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital ofCITIC-Xiangya, Hunan, China.,Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan, China
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4
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Monies D, Abouelhoda M, Assoum M, Moghrabi N, Rafiullah R, Almontashiri N, Alowain M, Alzaidan H, Alsayed M, Subhani S, Cupler E, Faden M, Alhashem A, Qari A, Chedrawi A, Aldhalaan H, Kurdi W, Khan S, Rahbeeni Z, Alotaibi M, Goljan E, Elbardisy H, ElKalioby M, Shah Z, Alruwaili H, Jaafar A, Albar R, Akilan A, Tayeb H, Tahir A, Fawzy M, Nasr M, Makki S, Alfaifi A, Akleh H, Yamani S, Bubshait D, Mahnashi M, Basha T, Alsagheir A, Abu Khaled M, Alsaleem K, Almugbel M, Badawi M, Bashiri F, Bohlega S, Sulaiman R, Tous E, Ahmed S, Algoufi T, Al-Mousa H, Alaki E, Alhumaidi S, Alghamdi H, Alghamdi M, Sahly A, Nahrir S, Al-Ahmari A, Alkuraya H, Almehaidib A, Abanemai M, Alsohaibaini F, Alsaud B, Arnaout R, Abdel-Salam GMH, Aldhekri H, AlKhater S, Alqadi K, Alsabban E, Alshareef T, Awartani K, Banjar H, Alsahan N, Abosoudah I, Alashwal A, Aldekhail W, Alhajjar S, Al-Mayouf S, Alsemari A, Alshuaibi W, Altala S, Altalhi A, Baz S, Hamad M, Abalkhail T, Alenazi B, Alkaff A, Almohareb F, Al Mutairi F, Alsaleh M, Alsonbul A, Alzelaye S, Bahzad S, Manee AB, Jarrad O, Meriki N, Albeirouti B, Alqasmi A, AlBalwi M, Makhseed N, Hassan S, Salih I, Salih MA, Shaheen M, Sermin S, Shahrukh S, Hashmi S, Shawli A, Tajuddin A, Tamim A, Alnahari A, Ghemlas I, Hussein M, Wali S, Murad H, Meyer BF, Alkuraya FS. Lessons Learned from Large-Scale, First-Tier Clinical Exome Sequencing in a Highly Consanguineous Population. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:1182-1201. [PMID: 31130284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the results of clinical exome sequencing (CES) on >2,200 previously unpublished Saudi families as a first-tier test. The predominance of autosomal-recessive causes allowed us to make several key observations. We highlight 155 genes that we propose to be recessive, disease-related candidates. We report additional mutational events in 64 previously reported candidates (40 recessive), and these events support their candidacy. We report recessive forms of genes that were previously associated only with dominant disorders and that have phenotypes ranging from consistent with to conspicuously distinct from the known dominant phenotypes. We also report homozygous loss-of-function events that can inform the genetics of complex diseases. We were also able to deduce the likely causal variant in most couples who presented after the loss of one or more children, but we lack samples from those children. Although a similar pattern of mostly recessive causes was observed in the prenatal setting, the higher proportion of loss-of-function events in these cases was notable. The allelic series presented by the wealth of recessive variants greatly expanded the phenotypic expression of the respective genes. We also make important observations about dominant disorders; these observations include the pattern of de novo variants, the identification of 74 candidate dominant, disease-related genes, and the potential confirmation of 21 previously reported candidates. Finally, we describe the influence of a predominantly autosomal-recessive landscape on the clinical utility of rapid sequencing (Flash Exome). Our cohort's genotypic and phenotypic data represent a unique resource that can contribute to improved variant interpretation through data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Monies
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abouelhoda
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirna Assoum
- Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Moghrabi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafiullah Rafiullah
- Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Almontashiri
- Clinical Molecular and Biochemical Genetics, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alowain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Alzaidan
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moeen Alsayed
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Subhani
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward Cupler
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Faden
- Genetics and Metabolism, King Saud Medical Complex, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Pediatrics Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical Complex, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Qari
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Chedrawi
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Aldhalaan
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam Kurdi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameena Khan
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alotaibi
- Genetics and Metabolism, King Saud Medical Complex, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ewa Goljan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Elbardisy
- Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed ElKalioby
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Shah
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hibah Alruwaili
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Jaafar
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranad Albar
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Akilan
- Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamsa Tayeb
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tahir
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Fawzy
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasr
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaza Makki
- Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alfaifi
- Pediatrics Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanna Akleh
- Academic and Training Affairs, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suad Yamani
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Bubshait
- Pediatrics Department, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mahnashi
- Genetics and Medicine, King Fahd Central Hospital, Gizan 82666, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Basha
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Alsagheir
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musad Abu Khaled
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alsaleem
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maisoon Almugbel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Badawi
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Bashiri
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Bohlega
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raashida Sulaiman
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Tous
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ahmed
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Algoufi
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Allergy - Immunology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emadia Alaki
- Allergy - Immunology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susan Alhumaidi
- Pediatrics Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Alghamdi
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Alghamdi
- Pediatrics Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Sahly
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shapar Nahrir
- Pediatrics Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al-Ahmari
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Alkuraya
- Vitreoretinal Surgery, Specialized Medical Centre, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almehaidib
- Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abanemai
- Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohaibaini
- Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alsaud
- Allergy - Immunology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rand Arnaout
- Allergy - Immunology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hasan Aldhekri
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzan AlKhater
- Pediatrics Department, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alqadi
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Alsabban
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Alshareef
- Pediatric Nephrology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Awartani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa Banjar
- Pediatric Pulmonology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Alsahan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibraheem Abosoudah
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alashwal
- Pediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajeeh Aldekhail
- Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Alhajjar
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Al-Mayouf
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alsemari
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Alshuaibi
- Pediatrics Department, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Altala
- Pediatrics Department, Armed Forces Hospital, Khamis Mushait 62451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi Altalhi
- Pediatric Nephrology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah Baz
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muddathir Hamad
- Pediatrics Department, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abalkhail
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badi Alenazi
- Pediatrics Department, Alyamama Hospital, Riyadh 14222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Alkaff
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Almohareb
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Al Mutairi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; Medical Genetic Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alsaleh
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsonbul
- Pediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Somaya Alzelaye
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes, Al Qunfudah General Hospital, Al Qunfudhah 28821, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Bahzad
- Kuwait Medical Genetics Center, Kuwait City 65000, Kuwait
| | - Abdulaziz Bin Manee
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola Jarrad
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neama Meriki
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Albeirouti
- Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alqasmi
- Pediatrics Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed AlBalwi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Makhseed
- Pediatrics Department, Alsoor Clinic, Kuwait City 65000, Kuwait
| | - Saeed Hassan
- Pediatrics Department, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam Salih
- Hepatic-Pancreatic Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Shaheen
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saadeh Sermin
- Pediatric Nephrology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsad Shahrukh
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahrukh Hashmi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Shawli
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 9515, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen Tajuddin
- Neurology, King Fahad Hospital, Medina 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Tamim
- Pediatrics Neurology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 23433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alnahari
- Pediatric Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Gizan, 82666, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Ghemlas
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Hussein
- Nephrology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Wali
- Pediatrics Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical Complex, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Murad
- Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Diagnostic Laboratories, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Features of Autosomal Recessive Alport Syndrome: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020178. [PMID: 30717457 PMCID: PMC6406612 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome (AS) is one of the most frequent hereditary nephritis leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Although X-linked (XLAS) inheritance is the most common form, cases with autosomal recessive inheritance with mutations in COL4A3 or COL4A4 are being increasingly recognized. A systematic review was conducted on autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS). Electronic databases were searched using related terms (until Oct 10th, 2018). From 1601 articles searched, there were 26 eligible studies with 148 patients. Female and male patients were equally affected. About 62% of patients had ESRD, 64% had sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 17% had ocular manifestation. The median at onset was 2.5 years for hematuria (HU), 21 years for ESRD, and 13 years for SNHL. Patients without missense mutations had more severe outcomes at earlier ages, while those who had one or two missense mutations had delayed onset and lower prevalence of extrarenal manifestations. Of 49 patients with kidney biopsy available for electron microscopy (EM) pathology, 42 (86%) had typical glomerular basement membrane (GBM) changes, while 5 (10%) patients showed GBM thinning only. SNHL developed earlier than previously reported. There was a genotype phenotype correlation according to the number of missense mutations. Patients with missense mutations had delayed onset of hematuria, ESRD, and SNHL and lower prevalence of extrarenal manifestations.
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Mensa-Vilaró A, Bravo García-Morato M, de la Calle-Martin O, Franco-Jarava C, Martínez-Saavedra MT, González-Granado LI, González-Roca E, Fuster JL, Alsina L, Mutchinick OM, Balderrama-Rodríguez A, Ramos E, Modesto C, Mesa-Del-Castillo P, Ortego-Centeno N, Clemente D, Souto A, Palmou N, Remesal A, Leslie KS, Gómez de la Fuente E, Yadira Bravo Gallego L, Campistol JM, Dhouib NG, Bejaoui M, Dutra LA, Terreri MT, Mosquera C, González T, Cañellas J, García-Ruiz de Morales JM, Wouters CH, Bosque MT, Cham WT, Jiménez-Treviño S, de Inocencio J, Bloomfield M, Pérez de Diego R, Martínez-Pomar N, Rodríguez-Pena R, González-Santesteban C, Soler-Palacín P, Casals F, Yagüe J, Allende LM, Rodríguez-Gallego JC, Colobran R, Martínez-Martínez L, López-Granados E, Aróstegui JI. Unexpected relevant role of gene mosaicism in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:359-368. [PMID: 30273710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postzygotic de novo mutations lead to the phenomenon of gene mosaicism. The 3 main types are called somatic, gonadal, and gonosomal mosaicism, which differ in terms of the body distribution of postzygotic mutations. Mosaicism has been reported occasionally in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) since the early 1990s, but its real involvement has not been systematically addressed. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the incidence of gene mosaicism in patients with PIDs. METHODS The amplicon-based deep sequencing method was used in the 3 parts of the study that establish (1) the allele frequency of germline variants (n = 100), (2) the incidence of parental gonosomal mosaicism in families with PIDs with de novo mutations (n = 92), and (3) the incidence of mosaicism in families with PIDs with moderate-to-high suspicion of gene mosaicism (n = 36). Additional investigations evaluated body distribution of postzygotic mutations, their stability over time, and their characteristics. RESULTS The range of allele frequency (44.1% to 55.6%) was established for germline variants. Those with minor allele frequencies of less than 44.1% were assumed to be postzygotic. Mosaicism was detected in 30 (23.4%) of 128 families with PIDs, with a variable minor allele frequency (0.8% to 40.5%). Parental gonosomal mosaicism was detected in 6 (6.5%) of 92 families with de novo mutations, and a high incidence of mosaicism (63.9%) was detected among families with moderate-to-high suspicion of gene mosaicism. In most analyzed cases mosaicism was found to be both uniformly distributed and stable over time. CONCLUSION This study represents the largest performed to date to investigate mosaicism in patients with PIDs, revealing that it affects approximately 25% of enrolled families. Our results might have serious consequences regarding treatment and genetic counseling and reinforce the use of next-generation sequencing-based methods in the routine analyses of PIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mensa-Vilaró
- Department of Immunology-CDB, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | - Clara Franco-Jarava
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luis I González-Granado
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva González-Roca
- Department of Immunology-CDB, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Fuster
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Laia Alsina
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Spain
| | - Osvaldo M Mutchinick
- Department of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Eduardo Ramos
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Consuelo Modesto
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Mesa-Del-Castillo
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Clemente
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Souto
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Natalia Palmou
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Agustín Remesal
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kieron S Leslie
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | | | | | | | - Naouel Guirat Dhouib
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bejaoui
- Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lívia Almeida Dutra
- Division of General Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Catalina Mosquera
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Tatiana González
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jerónima Cañellas
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Carine H Wouters
- Departments of Pediatric Rheumatology, Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - María Teresa Bosque
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Weng Tarng Cham
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Sunway Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Jaime de Inocencio
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Markéta Bloomfield
- Department of Immunology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Pere Soler-Palacín
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Casals
- Department of Genomics, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Yagüe
- Department of Immunology-CDB, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis M Allende
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roger Colobran
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Division, Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan I Aróstegui
- Department of Immunology-CDB, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sharapova SO, Haapaniemi E, Sakovich IS, Rojas J, Gámez-Díaz L, Mareika YE, Guryanova IE, Migas AA, Mikhaleuskaya TM, Grimbacher B, Aleinikova OV. Novel LRBA Mutation and Possible Germinal Mosaicism in a Slavic Family. J Clin Immunol 2018; 38:471-474. [PMID: 29804237 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-018-0515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana O Sharapova
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus.
| | - Emma Haapaniemi
- Department of Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Genome-Scale Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Inga S Sakovich
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
| | - Jessica Rojas
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Laura Gámez-Díaz
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Yuliya E Mareika
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
| | - Irina E Guryanova
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
| | - Alexandr A Migas
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
| | - Taisiya M Mikhaleuskaya
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Olga V Aleinikova
- Research Department, Immunology Laboratory, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, 223053, Borovliani, Minsk Region, Belarus
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Wilbe M, Gudmundsson S, Johansson J, Ameur A, Stattin EL, Annerén G, Malmgren H, Frykholm C, Bondeson ML. A novel approach using long-read sequencing and ddPCR to investigate gonadal mosaicism and estimate recurrence risk in two families with developmental disorders. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:1146-1154. [PMID: 28921562 PMCID: PMC5725701 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective De novo mutations contribute significantly to severe early‐onset genetic disorders. Even if the mutation is apparently de novo, there is a recurrence risk due to parental germ line mosaicism, depending on in which gonadal generation the mutation occurred. Methods We demonstrate the power of using SMRT sequencing and ddPCR to determine parental origin and allele frequencies of de novo mutations in germ cells in two families whom had undergone assisted reproduction. Results In the first family, a TCOF1 variant c.3156C>T was identified in the proband with Treacher Collins syndrome. The variant affects splicing and was determined to be of paternal origin. It was present in <1% of the paternal germ cells, suggesting a very low recurrence risk. In the second family, the couple had undergone several unsuccessful pregnancies where a de novo mutation PTPN11 c.923A>C causing Noonan syndrome was identified. The variant was present in 40% of the paternal germ cells suggesting a high recurrence risk. Conclusions Our findings highlight a successful strategy to identify the parental origin of mutations and to investigate the recurrence risk in couples that have undergone assisted reproduction with an unknown donor or in couples with gonadal mosaicism that will undergo preimplantation genetic diagnosis. What's already known about this topic?
De novo mutations contribute significantly to severe early‐onset genetic disorders.
what does this study add?
A novel successful strategy to identify the parental origin of de novo mutations and to investigate the recurrence risk by SMRT sequencing and ddPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wilbe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sanna Gudmundsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Josefin Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adam Ameur
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva-Lena Stattin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Annerén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Malmgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Frykholm
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie-Louise Bondeson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Rosa RFM, Moraes SAGD, Sulczinski LP, Silva FAD, Milner OG, Pires SRS, Artigalas OAP, Rosa RCM, Zen PRG. SIBLINGS AFFECTED BY ECTRODACTYLY-ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA AND CLEFT LIP/PALATE (EEC) SYNDROME PRESENTING NORMAL PARENTS: GERMLINE MOSAICISM? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 35:234-238. [PMID: 28977327 PMCID: PMC5496721 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;2;00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: EEC is an acronym for an autosomal dominant syndrome clinically characterized by ectrodactyly (E), ectodermal dysplasia (E) and cleft lip/palate (C). Our aim was to describe a rare case of siblings affected by ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and cleft lip/palate (EEC) syndrome presenting normal parents. Case description: The patient was the third son of young and healthy parents. The parents did not present any minor or major anomaly of hands, feet or skin, hair and teeth. The couple had a previous history of two children with hands and feet malformations similar to the present patient. The first was a stillborn, and the second one a preterm infant that died in the first days after birth due to the consequences of prematurity. After birth, the patient presented respiratory distress with need of endotracheal intubation and mechanic ventilation. At physical examination, there were cleft lip/palate, hands and feet ectrodactyly, with absence of the second and third fingers in both hands, and reduction defects affecting mainly the second toes. The child presented pneumothorax and cardiorespiratory arrest and died at 1 month and 26 days. Comments: Herein we described a case of siblings with EEC syndrome, indicative of a germline mosaicism. In the literature review, there was the description of only three similar reports. The present case strengthens the possibility that germline mosaicism may be a more common inheritance mechanism than previously thought in cases of EEC syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Filipe Augusto da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Olga Gaio Milner
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Nyström A, Bornert O, Kühl T. Cell therapy for basement membrane-linked diseases. Matrix Biol 2016; 57-58:124-139. [PMID: 27609402 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For most disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding basement membrane (BM) proteins, there are at present only limited treatment options available. Genetic BM-linked disorders can be viewed as especially suited for treatment with cell-based therapy approaches because the proteins that need to be restored are located in the extracellular space. In consequence, complete and permanent engraftment of cells does not necessarily have to occur to achieve substantial causal therapeutic effects. For these disorders cells can be used as transient vehicles for protein replacement. In addition, it is becoming evident that BM-linked genetic disorders are modified by secondary diseases mechanisms. Cell-based therapies have also the ability to target such disease modifying mechanisms. Thus, cell therapies can simultaneously provide causal treatment and symptomatic relief, and accordingly hold great potential for treatment of BM-linked disorders. However, this potential has for most applications and diseases so far not been realized. Here, we will present the state of cell therapies for BM-linked diseases. We will discuss use of both pluripotent and differentiated cells, the limitation of the approaches, their challenges, and the way forward to potential wider implementation of cell therapies in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Olivier Bornert
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kühl
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Alkuraya FS. Discovery of mutations for Mendelian disorders. Hum Genet 2016; 135:615-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Rahbari R, Wuster A, Lindsay SJ, Hardwick RJ, Alexandrov LB, Turki SA, Dominiczak A, Morris A, Porteous D, Smith B, Stratton MR, Hurles ME. Timing, rates and spectra of human germline mutation. Nat Genet 2016; 48:126-133. [PMID: 26656846 PMCID: PMC4731925 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations are a driving force behind genome evolution and genetic disease. We investigated genome-wide mutation rates and spectra in multi-sibling families. The mutation rate increased with paternal age in all families, but the number of additional mutations per year differed by more than twofold between families. Meta-analysis of 6,570 mutations showed that germline methylation influences mutation rates. In contrast to somatic mutations, we found remarkable consistency in germline mutation spectra between the sexes and at different paternal ages. In parental germ line, 3.8% of mutations were mosaic, resulting in 1.3% of mutations being shared by siblings. The number of these shared mutations varied significantly between families. Our data suggest that the mutation rate per cell division is higher during both early embryogenesis and differentiation of primordial germ cells but is reduced substantially during post-pubertal spermatogenesis. These findings have important consequences for the recurrence risks of disorders caused by de novo mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Rahbari
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Wuster
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, CA 94080 South San Francisco, USA
| | - Sarah J Lindsay
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Saeed Al Turki
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Morris
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - David Porteous
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Blair Smith
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Matthew E Hurles
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mañú-Pereira MDM, Gonzalez-Roca E, van Solinge WW, Llaudet-Planas E, Sevilla J, Montllor L, Mensa-Vilaro A, Ploos van Amstel HK, van Wijk R, Vives-Corrons J. Pyruvate kinase deficiency and severe congenital hemolytic anemia in a double heterozygous patient with paternal transmission of an early germ-line de novo mutation. Am J Hematol 2015; 90:E217-9. [PMID: 26315463 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wouter W. van Solinge
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | | | - Julián Sevilla
- Department of Pediatrics; Hospital Niño Jesús; Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Montllor
- Red Cell Pathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona; Spain
| | | | | | - Richard van Wijk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
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Deml B, Reis LM, Maheshwari M, Griffis C, Bick D, Semina EV. Whole exome analysis identifies dominant COL4A1 mutations in patients with complex ocular phenotypes involving microphthalmia. Clin Genet 2014; 86:475-81. [PMID: 24628545 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anophthalmia/microphthalmia (A/M) is a developmental ocular malformation defined as complete absence or reduction in size of the eye. A/M is a heterogenous disorder with numerous causative genes identified; however, about half the cases lack a molecular diagnosis. We undertook whole exome sequencing in an A/M family with two affected siblings, two unaffected siblings, and unaffected parents; the ocular phenotype was isolated with only mild developmental delay/learning difficulties reported and a normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the proband at 16 months. No pathogenic mutations were identified in 71 known A/M genes. Further analysis identified a shared heterozygous mutation in COL4A1, c.2317G>A, p.(Gly773Arg) that was not seen in the unaffected parents and siblings. Analysis of 24 unrelated A/M exomes identified a novel c.2122G>A, p.(Gly708Arg) mutation in an additional patient with unilateral microphthalmia, bilateral microcornea and Peters anomaly; the mutation was absent in the unaffected mother and the unaffected father was not available. Mutations in COL4A1 have been linked to a spectrum of human disorders; the most consistent feature is cerebrovascular disease with variable ocular anomalies, kidney and muscle defects. This study expands the spectrum of COL4A1 phenotypes and indicates screening in patients with A/M regardless of MRI findings or presumed inheritance pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Deml
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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