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Ulhaq ZS, Soraya GV, Istifiani LA, Pamungkas SA, Arisanti D, Dini B, Astari LF, Hasan YTN, Ayudianti P, Kusuma MAS, Shodry S, Herawangsa S, Nurputra DK, Idaiani S, Tse WKF. A Brief Analysis on Clinical Severity of Mandibulofacial Dysostosis Guion-Almeida Type. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:688-696. [PMID: 36317361 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221136177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic variants in EFTUD2 were proven to influence variable phenotypic expressivity in mandibulofacial dysostosis Guion-Almeida type (MFDGA) or mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM). Yet, the association between the severity of clinical findings with variants within the EFTUD2 gene has not been established. Thus, we aim to elucidate a possible genotype-phenotype correlation in MFDM. METHODS Forty articles comprising 156 patients were evaluated. The genotype-phenotype correlation was analyzed using a chi-square or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The proportion of patients with MFDM was higher in Caucasian relative to Asian populations. Although, in general, there was no apparent genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with MFDM, Asians tended to have more severe clinical manifestations than Caucasians. In addition, cardiac abnormality presented in patients with intronic variants located in canonical splice sites was a predisposing factor in affecting MFDM severity. CONCLUSION Altogether, this article provides the pathogenic variants observed in EFTUD2 and possible genotype-phenotype relationships in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Kyushu University, Faculty of Agriculture, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Gita Vita Soraya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Lola Ayu Istifiani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Ditya Arisanti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Badariyatud Dini
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Lina Fitria Astari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Yuliono Trika Nur Hasan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Prida Ayudianti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad A'raaf Sirojan Kusuma
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Syifaus Shodry
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Herawangsa
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Dian Kesumapramudya Nurputra
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Idaiani
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Kyushu University, Faculty of Agriculture, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
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Chen Y, Yang R, Chen X, Lin N, Li C, Fu Y, He A, Wang Y, Zhang T, Ma J. Atypical mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly diagnosed through the identification of a novel pathogenic mutation in EFTUD2. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2426. [PMID: 38562046 PMCID: PMC10985408 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM, OMIM# 610536) is a rare monogenic disease that is caused by a mutation in the elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2 gene (EFTUD2, OMIM* 603892). It is characterized by mandibulofacial dysplasia, microcephaly, malformed ears, cleft palate, growth and intellectual disability. MFDM can be easily misdiagnosed due to its phenotypic overlap with other craniofacial dysostosis syndromes. The clinical presentation of MFDM is highly variable among patients. METHODS A patient with craniofacial anomalies was enrolled and evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. To make a definitive diagnosis, whole-exome sequencing was performed, followed by validation by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The patient presented with extensive facial bone dysostosis, upward slanting palpebral fissures, outer and middle ear malformation, a previously unreported orbit anomaly, and spina bifida occulta. A novel, pathogenic insertion mutation (c.215_216insT: p.Tyr73Valfs*4) in EFTUD2 was identified as the likely cause of the disease. CONCLUSIONS We diagnosed this atypical case of MFDM by the detection of a novel pathogenetic mutation in EFTUD2. We also observed previously unreported features. These findings enrich both the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of MFDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Run Yang
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Naier Lin
- Department of RadiologyEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yaoyao Fu
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aijuan He
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yimin Wang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company LimitedShenzhenChina
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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李 晓, 洪 梦, 戴 朴, 袁 永. [Clinical case analysis and literature review of mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly syndrome]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 36:36-40. [PMID: 34979617 PMCID: PMC10128212 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the clinical diagnosis, otological treatment and molecular etiology in a rare syndromic hearing loss case characterized by mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly(MFDM). Methods: The proband underwent detailed history collection, systematic physical examination and phenotypic analysis, as well as audiological examination, chest X-ray, temporal bone CT and brain MRI and other imaging examinations. The blood DNA of the proband and his parents was extracted and tested by the whole exom sequencing. The EFTUD2-related-MFDM literatures published by the end of 2020 were searched and sifted in PubMed and CNKI databases,the clinical characteristics of MFDM were summarized. Results:In this study, the patient presented with hypoplasia of auricle, micrognathia, microcephaly, developmental retardation, severe sensorineural hearing loss in both ears, and developmental malformation of middle and inner ear. Genetic analysis revealed a de novo deletion c.623_624delAT in EFTUD2 gene. According to the clinical features and genetic test results, the patient was diagnosed as MFDM. In order to solve the problem of hearing loss, the patient was further performed bilateral cochlear implantation, and part of the electrodes responded well during and after operation. Conclusion:This is the first domestic reported case of MFDM caused by EFTUD2 gene mutation. The key problem of cochlear implantation for this kind of patient is to avoid damaging the malformed facial nerve during the operation.The effect of speech rehabilitation after cochlear implant operation is related to many factors such as intelligence development of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓雨 李
- 国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳显微外科(北京,100048)National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Otomicrosurgery, Sixth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - 梦迪 洪
- 解放军总医院第一医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科听觉植入中心Auditory Implant Center, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital
| | - 朴 戴
- 国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳显微外科(北京,100048)National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Otomicrosurgery, Sixth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - 永一 袁
- 国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部 解放军总医院第六医学中心耳显微外科(北京,100048)National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Otomicrosurgery, Sixth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
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Sá Silva J, Alves JE, Azevedo Soares C, Tkachenko N, Garrido C. Brain MRI findings in mandibulofacial dysostosis caused by EFTUD2 haploinsufficiency: a case report with polymicrogyria and dysmorphic caudate nuclei. Clin Dysmorphol 2022; 31:50-53. [PMID: 34693919 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Célia Azevedo Soares
- Medical Genetics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar/Universidade do Porto
| | | | - Cristina Garrido
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Over-activation of EFTUD2 correlates with tumor propagation and poor survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:93-103. [PMID: 34282556 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Elongation factor Tu GTP-binding domain containing 2 (EFTUD2) is an essential constituent of U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and plays a crucial role in spliceosome activation and cancer. The mechanism of EFTUD2 on carcinogenesis and development of liver cancer still need further study. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was performed to find differential expressed genes and related pathways. Western blotting and quantitative PCR assays were used to verify the EFTUD2 expression in HCC cell lines and tumor tissues of liver cancer patients. Transfection of shRNAs in SKHEP1 and Huh7 cell lines was conducted to explore the mechanisms of EFTUD2 in HCC. CCK-8 method, colony formation, and cell cycle detection kit were used to detect the proliferation. A tumor model in nude mice was used to explore the role of EFTUD2 in liver cancer in vivo. RESULTS Based on the tumor tissues and para-tumor tissues in our HCC patients, we identified EFTUD2 as highly expressed in HCC tissues (P < 0.001). Bioinformatic analysis from the TCGA database also supported this biological phenomenon (P = 1.911e-17). Furtherly, the results of clinical specimens and TCGA data suggested that higher EFTUD2 expression levels correlated with high histologic grades, high pathological grades, and poor survival prognoses in HCC patients. And knockdown of EFTUD2 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. In vivo, knockdown of EFTUD2 constrained the tumor growing and expansion derived from SKHEP1 cells and induced a decrease in the tumor volume and tumor weight resected from nude mice. Furthermore, RNA sequencing based on EFTUD2 knockdown revealed that EFTUD2 affected target genes concerned with the cell cycle. Flow cytometric analyses in the SKHEP1 cell model revealed that knockdown significantly suppressed cell cycle course and caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. CyclinD1 proteins were also inhibited by knocking down of EFTUD2. CONCLUSION EFTUD2 is markedly overexpressed in HCC tumor tissues. High EFTUD2 expression in HCC patients is associated with clinical features. Moreover, we confirmed that EFTUD2 shows a pivotal role in HCC cell proliferation and cell cycle course and could be a possible therapeutic avenue in HCC through disturbing EFTUD2.
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Abell K, Hopkin RJ, Bender PL, Jackson F, Smallwood K, Sullivan B, Stottmann RW, Saal HM, Weaver KN. Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: An expansion of the phenotype via parental survey. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:413-423. [PMID: 33247512 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM) is due to haploinsufficiency of spliceosomal GTPase EFTUD2. Features include microcephaly, craniofacial dysmorphology, developmental disability, and other anomalies. We surveyed parents of individuals with MFDM to expand knowledge about health, development, and parental concerns. Participants included attendees of the inaugural MFDM family conference in June 2019 and members of the MFDM online group. To explore MFDM variable expressivity, we offered targeted Sanger sequencing for untested parents. Forty-seven parents participated in the survey. 59% of individuals with MFDM were male, with mean age 6.4 years (range 8 months to 49 years). Similar to the literature (n = 123), common features include microcephaly, cleft palate, choanal stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, heart problems, and seizures. New information includes airway intervention details, age-based developmental outcomes, rate of vision refractive errors, and lower incidences of prematurity and IUGR. Family concerns focused on development, communication, and increased support. Targeted Sanger sequencing for families of seven individuals demonstrated de novo variants, for a total of 91.9% de novo EFTUD2 variants (n = 34/37). This study reports the largest single cohort of individuals with MFDM, expands phenotypic spectrum and inheritance patterns, improves understanding of developmental outcomes and care needs, and identifies development as the biggest concern for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Abell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia L Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Farrah Jackson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kelly Smallwood
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Bonnie Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Rolf W Stottmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Howard M Saal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - K Nicole Weaver
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Xu BQ, Zhen L, Li DZ. First-trimester detection of micrognathia as a presentation of mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2020; 41:821-823. [PMID: 32799722 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1785410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Qiu Xu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hu Zhong Hospital, Huadu District Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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8
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Yang ZY, Ni JD, Long Z, Kuang LT, Tao SB. Unusual presentation of congenital radioulnar synostosis with osteoporosis, fragility fracture and nonunion: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:1538-1546. [PMID: 32368548 PMCID: PMC7190948 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i8.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS) is a rare deformity of the upper extremity. It is characterized by loss of rotation of the involved forearm and functional limitations in daily activities. No studies on CRUS with osteoporosis have been reported to date, and osteoporosis is usually recognized as an important dimension of genetic disorder in children. We discuss the possible relationship among this disorder, osteoporosis and fracture nonunion, investigate the strict surgical indications and recommended treatments.
CASE SUMMARY A 14-year-old male patient with bilateral CRUS with osteoporosis, fragility fracture and nonunion of fractures in ulna and radius presented our institution for further treatment, complaining of limitation in rotation. The bone mineral density of the hip and lumbar spine was 0.687 g/cm2 and 0.705 g/cm2, respectively, and the Z-score for both was -2.1, which revealed osteoporosis and a high risk of fracture. Tow serum bone turnover markers indicated an imbalance of bone metabolism. Reoperation for ulna fracture with autogenous bone grafting and a postoperative physiotherapy program were adopted rather than the separation of pathological synostosis. Radiological examination, observational posture assessment and limb function scale were evaluated before and 1 year after surgery. At 1 year, the fracture nonunion had almost recovered, forearm movement function on the fracture side was restored, and function on the healthy side was significantly improved compared with that before rehabilitation.
CONCLUSION Surgical indications for CRUS vary from person to person. Surgery should not be the first choice of treatment, and physiotherapy is not inferior to surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiang-Dong Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ze Long
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le-Tian Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Bin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
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Abstract
Bone and mineral diseases encompass a variety of conditions that involve altered skeletal homeostasis and are frequently associated with changes in circulating calcium, phosphate, or vitamin D metabolites. These disorders often have a genetic etiology and comprise monogenic disorders caused by a single-gene mutation, which may be germline or somatic, or an oligogenic or polygenic condition involving multiple genetic variants. Single-gene mutations causing Mendelian diseases are usually highly penetrant, whereas the gene variants contributing to oligogenic or polygenic disorders are each associated with smaller effects with additional contributions from environmental factors. The detection of monogenic disorders is clinically important and facilitates timely assessment and management of the patient and their affected relatives. The diagnosis of monogenic metabolic bone disorders requires detailed clinical assessment of the wide variety of symptoms and signs associated with these diseases. Thus, clinicians should undertake a systematic approach commencing with careful history taking and physical examination, followed by appropriate laboratory and skeletal imaging investigations. Finally, clinicians should be familiar with the range of molecular genetic tests available to ensure their appropriate use and interpretation. These considerations are reviewed in this chapter.
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Hannan FM, Newey PJ, Whyte MP, Thakker RV. Genetic approaches to metabolic bone diseases. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 85:1147-1160. [PMID: 30357886 PMCID: PMC6533455 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic bone diseases comprise a diverse group of disorders characterized by alterations in skeletal homeostasis, and are often associated with abnormal circulating concentrations of calcium, phosphate or vitamin D metabolites. These diseases commonly have a genetic basis and represent either a monogenic disorder due to a germline or somatic single gene mutation, or an oligogenic or polygenic disorder that involves variants in more than one gene. Germline single gene mutations causing Mendelian diseases typically have a high penetrance, whereas the genetic variations causing oligogenic or polygenic disorders are each associated with smaller effects with additional contributions from environmental factors. Recognition of familial monogenic disorders is of clinical importance to facilitate timely investigations and management of the patient and any affected relatives. The diagnosis of monogenic metabolic bone disease requires careful clinical evaluation of the large diversity of symptoms and signs associated with these disorders. Thus, the clinician must pursue a systematic approach beginning with a detailed history and physical examination, followed by appropriate laboratory and skeletal imaging evaluations. Finally, the clinician must understand the increasing number and complexity of molecular genetic tests available to ensure their appropriate use and interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadil M Hannan
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine,, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paul J Newey
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Michael P Whyte
- Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine,, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Mandibulofacial dysostosis Guion-Almeida type caused by novel EFTUD2 splice site variants in two Asian children. Clin Dysmorphol 2018; 27:31-35. [PMID: 29381487 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mandibulofacial dysostosis type Guion-Almeida (MFDGA) is a rare disease entity that results in congenital craniofacial anomalies that are caused by abnormal development of the first and second pharyngeal arches. MFDGA is characterized by malar and mandibular hypoplasia, microcephaly, developmental delay, dysplastic ears, and a distinctive facial appearance. Extracraniofacial malformations include esophageal atresia, congenital heart disease, and radial ray abnormalities. Heterozygous mutations in the elongation factor Tu GTP-binding domain containing 2 (EFTUD2) gene have been shown to result in MFDGA. To date, there have been a total of 108 individuals reported in the literature, of whom 95 patients have a confirmed EFTUD2 mutation. The majority of individuals reported in the literature have been of White ethnic origin. Here, we report two individuals of Asian ancestry with MFDGA, each harboring a novel, pathogenic splice site variant in EFTUD2.
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Rengasamy Venugopalan S, Farrow EG, Lypka M. Whole-exome sequencing identified a variant in EFTUD2 gene in establishing a genetic diagnosis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2018. [PMID: 28643921 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Craniofacial anomalies are complex and have an overlapping phenotype. Mandibulofacial Dysostosis and Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral Spectrum are conditions that share common craniofacial phenotype and present a challenge in arriving at a diagnosis. In this report, we present a case of female proband who was given a differential diagnosis of Treacher Collins syndrome or Hemifacial Microsomia without certainty. Prior genetic testing reported negative for 22q deletion and FGFR screenings. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the critical role of whole-exome sequencing in establishing a genetic diagnosis of the proband. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION The participants were 14½-year-old affected female proband/parent trio. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proband/parent trio were enrolled in the study. Surgical tissue sample from the proband and parental blood samples were collected and prepared for whole-exome sequencing. Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument was used for sequencing (125 nucleotide reads/84X coverage). Analyses of variants were performed using custom-developed software, RUNES and VIKING. RESULTS Variant analyses following whole-exome sequencing identified a heterozygous de novo pathogenic variant, c.259C>T (p.Gln87*), in EFTUD2 (NM_004247.3) gene in the proband. Previous studies have reported that the variants in EFTUD2 gene were associated with Mandibulofacial Dysostosis with Microcephaly. CONCLUSION Patients with facial asymmetry, micrognathia, choanal atresia and microcephaly should be analyzed for variants in EFTUD2 gene. Next-generation sequencing techniques, such as whole-exome sequencing offer great promise to improve the understanding of etiologies of sporadic genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E G Farrow
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - M Lypka
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
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13
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Lei L, Yan SY, Yang R, Chen JY, Li Y, Bu Y, Chang N, Zhou Q, Zhu X, Li CY, Xiong JW. Spliceosomal protein eftud2 mutation leads to p53-dependent apoptosis in zebrafish neural progenitors. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:3422-3436. [PMID: 27899647 PMCID: PMC5389467 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of EFTUD2 (Elongation Factor Tu GTP Binding Domain Containing 2) is linked to human mandibulofacial dysostosis, Guion-Almeida type (MFDGA), but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain to be addressed. We report here the isolation, cloning and functional analysis of the mutated eftud2 (snu114) in a novel neuronal mutant fn10a in zebrafish. This mutant displayed abnormal brain development with evident neuronal apoptosis while the development of other organs appeared less affected. Positional cloning revealed a nonsense mutation such that the mutant eftud2 mRNA encoded a truncated Eftud2 protein and was subjected to nonsense-mediated decay. Disruption of eftud2 led to increased apoptosis and mitosis of neural progenitors while it had little effect on differentiated neurons. Further RNA-seq and functional analyses revealed a transcriptome-wide RNA splicing deficiency and a large amount of intron-retaining and exon-skipping transcripts, which resulted in inadequate nonsense-mediated RNA decay and activation of the p53 pathway in fn10a mutants. Therefore, our study has established that eftud2 functions in RNA splicing during neural development and provides a suitable zebrafish model for studying the molecular pathology of the neurological disease MFDGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shou-Yu Yan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Bu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nannan Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinchao Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuan-Yun Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing-Wei Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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14
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Huang L, Vanstone MR, Hartley T, Osmond M, Barrowman N, Allanson J, Baker L, Dabir TA, Dipple KM, Dobyns WB, Estrella J, Faghfoury H, Favaro FP, Goel H, Gregersen PA, Gripp KW, Grix A, Guion-Almeida ML, Harr MH, Hudson C, Hunter AGW, Johnson J, Joss SK, Kimball A, Kini U, Kline AD, Lauzon J, Lildballe DL, López-González V, Martinezmoles J, Meldrum C, Mirzaa GM, Morel CF, Morton JEV, Pyle LC, Quintero-Rivera F, Richer J, Scheuerle AE, Schönewolf-Greulich B, Shears DJ, Silver J, Smith AC, Temple IK, van de Kamp JM, van Dijk FS, Vandersteen AM, White SM, Zackai EH, Zou R, Bulman DE, Boycott KM, Lines MA. Mandibulofacial Dysostosis with Microcephaly: Mutation and Database Update. Hum Mutat 2015; 37:148-54. [PMID: 26507355 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM) is a multiple malformation syndrome comprising microcephaly, craniofacial anomalies, hearing loss, dysmorphic features, and, in some cases, esophageal atresia. Haploinsufficiency of a spliceosomal GTPase, U5-116 kDa/EFTUD2, is responsible. Here, we review the molecular basis of MFDM in the 69 individuals described to date, and report mutations in 38 new individuals, bringing the total number of reported individuals to 107 individuals from 94 kindreds. Pathogenic EFTUD2 variants comprise 76 distinct mutations and seven microdeletions. Among point mutations, missense substitutions are infrequent (14 out of 76; 18%) relative to stop-gain (29 out of 76; 38%), and splicing (33 out of 76; 43%) mutations. Where known, mutation origin was de novo in 48 out of 64 individuals (75%), dominantly inherited in 12 out of 64 (19%), and due to proven germline mosaicism in four out of 64 (6%). Highly penetrant clinical features include, microcephaly, first and second arch craniofacial malformations, and hearing loss; esophageal atresia is present in an estimated ∼27%. Microcephaly is virtually universal in childhood, with some adults exhibiting late "catch-up" growth and normocephaly at maturity. Occasionally reported anomalies, include vestibular and ossicular malformations, reduced mouth opening, atrophy of cerebral white matter, structural brain malformations, and epibulbar dermoid. All reported EFTUD2 mutations can be found in the EFTUD2 mutation database (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared/genes/EFTUD2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Huang
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan R Vanstone
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taila Hartley
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Osmond
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nick Barrowman
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judith Allanson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Baker
- Division of Medical Genetics, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Tabib A Dabir
- Clinical Genetics Department, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Katrina M Dipple
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - William B Dobyns
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jane Estrella
- Department of Medical Genetics, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hanna Faghfoury
- The Fred A. Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francine P Favaro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Newcastle, Waratah, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle - School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Karen W Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Art Grix
- Department of Genetics, Permanente Medical Group, Roseville, California
| | - Maria-Leine Guion-Almeida
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Margaret H Harr
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - John Johnson
- Shodair Children's Hospital, Helena, Montana.,Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Floating Hospital for Children, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shelagh K Joss
- West of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, South Glasgow University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amy Kimball
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Usha Kini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julie Lauzon
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dorte L Lildballe
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vanesa López-González
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Grupo Clínico Vinculado al Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ghayda M Mirzaa
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Chantal F Morel
- The Fred A. Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny E V Morton
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Louise C Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julie Richer
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela E Scheuerle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Bitten Schönewolf-Greulich
- Genetic Counselling Clinic Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Deborah J Shears
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Josh Silver
- The Fred A. Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda C Smith
- Department of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - I Karen Temple
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Fleur S van Dijk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sue M White
- Victoria Clinical Genetics Service, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruobing Zou
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Newborn Screening Ontario, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kym M Boycott
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew A Lines
- The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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15
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Lehalle D, Wieczorek D, Zechi-Ceide RM, Passos-Bueno MR, Lyonnet S, Amiel J, Gordon CT. A review of craniofacial disorders caused by spliceosomal defects. Clin Genet 2015; 88:405-15. [PMID: 25865758 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex that removes introns from pre-mRNA transcripts. Mutations in EFTUD2, encoding a component of the major spliceosome, have recently been identified as the cause of mandibulofacial dysostosis, Guion-Almeida type (MFDGA), characterized by mandibulofacial dysostosis, microcephaly, external ear malformations and intellectual disability. Mutations in several other genes involved in spliceosomal function or linked aspects of mRNA processing have also recently been identified in human disorders with specific craniofacial malformations: SF3B4 in Nager syndrome, an acrofacial dysostosis (AFD); SNRPB in cerebrocostomandibular syndrome, characterized by Robin sequence and rib defects; EIF4A3 in the AFD Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome, characterized by Robin sequence, median mandibular cleft and limb defects; and TXNL4A in Burn-McKeown syndrome, involving specific craniofacial dysmorphisms. Here, we review phenotypic and molecular aspects of these syndromes. Given the apparent sensitivity of craniofacial development to defects in mRNA processing, it is possible that mutations in other proteins involved in spliceosomal function will emerge in the future as causative for related human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lehalle
- Department of Genetics, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - D Wieczorek
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - R M Zechi-Ceide
- Departamento de Genetica Clinica, Hospital de Reabilitacao de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Universidade de Sao Paulo (HRAC-USP), Bauru, Brasil
| | - M R Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - S Lyonnet
- Department of Genetics, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - J Amiel
- Department of Genetics, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - C T Gordon
- INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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16
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Smigiel R, Bezniakow N, Jakubiak A, Błoch M, Patkowski D, Obersztyn E, Sasiadek MM. Phenotype analysis of Polish patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis type Guion-Almeida associated with esophageal atresia and choanal atresia caused by EFTUD2 gene mutations. J Appl Genet 2014; 56:199-204. [PMID: 25387991 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We present the phenotype of three unrelated Polish patients with MFD type Guion-Almeida confirmed by EFTUD2 mutations. In all of our patients, dysmorphic craniofacial features, microcephaly, thumb abnormalities, psychomotor and speech delay were described. In addition, among other major defects, esophageal atresia (EA) in one patient and choanal atresia in two of them were present. Three different mutations in EFTUD2 gene were found in presented patients. Our observations confirm the clinical heterogeneity of mandibulofacial dysostosis type Guion-Almeida and its connection with major congenital defects such as esophageal atresia and choanal atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Smigiel
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland,
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