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Wang X, Xu P, Bentley-DeSousa A, Hancock-Cerutti W, Cai S, Johnson BT, Tonelli F, Talaia G, Alessi DR, Ferguson SM, De Camilli P. Lysosome damage triggers acute formation of ER to lysosomes membrane tethers mediated by the bridge-like lipid transport protein VPS13C. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.08.598070. [PMID: 38895395 PMCID: PMC11185796 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.08.598070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Based on genetic studies, lysosome dysfunction is thought to play a pathogenetic role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we show that VPS13C, a bridge-like lipid transport protein and a PD gene, is a sensor of lysosome stress/damage. Upon lysosome membrane perturbation, VPS13C rapidly relocates from the cytosol to the surface of lysosomes where it tethers their membranes to the ER. This recruitment depends on Rab7 and requires release of a brake, most likely an intramolecular interaction within VPS13C, which hinders access of its VAB domain to lysosome-bound Rab7. While another PD protein, LRRK2, is also recruited to stressed/damaged lysosomes, its recruitment occurs at much later stages and by different mechanisms. Given the putative role of VPS13 proteins in bulk lipid transport, these findings suggest lipid delivery to lysosomes by VPS13C is part of an early response to lysosome damage.
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2
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Schrӧder LF, Peng W, Gao G, Wong YC, Schwake M, Krainc D. VPS13C regulates phospho-Rab10-mediated lysosomal function in human dopaminergic neurons. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202304042. [PMID: 38358348 PMCID: PMC10868123 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202304042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in VPS13C are linked to early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). While VPS13C has been previously studied in non-neuronal cells, the neuronal role of VPS13C in disease-relevant human dopaminergic neurons has not been elucidated. Using live-cell microscopy, we investigated the role of VPS13C in regulating lysosomal dynamics and function in human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons. Loss of VPS13C in dopaminergic neurons disrupts lysosomal morphology and dynamics with increased inter-lysosomal contacts, leading to impaired lysosomal motility and cellular distribution, as well as defective lysosomal hydrolytic activity and acidification. We identified Rab10 as a phospho-dependent interactor of VPS13C on lysosomes and observed a decreased phospho-Rab10-mediated lysosomal stress response upon loss of VPS13C. These findings highlight an important role of VPS13C in regulating lysosomal homeostasis in human dopaminergic neurons and suggest that disruptions in Rab10-mediated lysosomal stress response contribute to disease pathogenesis in VPS13C-linked PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie F. Schrӧder
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wesley Peng
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yvette C. Wong
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Schwake
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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3
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Yang K, Jeltema D, Yan N. Innate immune sensing of macromolecule homeostasis. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:17-51. [PMID: 38763701 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The innate immune system uses a distinct set of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors to recognize molecular patterns initially thought to be unique to microbial invaders, named pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The concept was later further developed to include similar molecular patterns originating from host cells during tissue damage, known as damage-associated molecular patterns. However, recent advances in the mechanism of monogenic inflammatory diseases have highlighted a much more expansive repertoire of cellular functions that are monitored by innate immunity. Here, we summarize several examples in which an innate immune response is triggered when homeostasis of macromolecule in the cell is disrupted in non-infectious or sterile settings. These ever-growing sensing mechanisms expand the repertoire of innate immune recognition, positioning it not only as a key player in host defense but also as a gatekeeper of cellular homeostasis. Therapeutics inspired by these advances to restore cellular homeostasis and correct the immune system could have far-reaching implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Devon Jeltema
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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4
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Yang K, Tang Z, Xing C, Yan N. STING signaling in the brain: Molecular threats, signaling activities, and therapeutic challenges. Neuron 2024; 112:539-557. [PMID: 37944521 PMCID: PMC10922189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an innate immune signaling protein critical to infections, autoimmunity, and cancer. STING signaling is also emerging as an exciting and integral part of many neurological diseases. Here, we discuss recent advances in STING signaling in the brain. We summarize how molecular threats activate STING signaling in the diseased brain and how STING signaling activities in glial and neuronal cells cause neuropathology. We also review human studies of STING neurobiology and consider therapeutic challenges in targeting STING to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhen Tang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cong Xing
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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5
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Rački V, Bergant G, Papić E, Kovanda A, Hero M, Rožmarić G, Starčević Čizmarević N, Ristić S, Ostojić S, Kapović M, Maver A, Peterlin B, Vuletić V. GiOPARK Project: The Genetic Study of Parkinson's Disease in the Croatian Population. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:255. [PMID: 38397244 PMCID: PMC10888376 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that affects motor function, autonomic functions, and cognitive abilities. It is likely that both genetic and environmental factors, along with age, contribute to the cause. However, there is no comprehensive guideline for genetic testing for Parkinson's disease, and more research is needed to understand genetic variations in different populations. There has been no research on the genetic background of Parkinson's disease in Croatia so far. Therefore, with the GiOPARK project, we aimed to investigate the genetic variants responsible for Parkinson's disease in 153 Croatian patients with early onset, familial onset, and sporadic late-onset using whole-exome sequencing, along with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and Sanger sequencing in select patients. We found causative variants in 7.84% of the patients, with GBA being the most common gene (4.58%), followed by PRKN (1.96%), ITM2B (0.65%), and MAPT (0.65%). Moreover, variants of uncertain significance were identified in 26.14% of the patients. The causative variants were found in all three subgroups, indicating that genetic factors play a role in all the analyzed Parkinson's disease subtypes. This study emphasizes the need for more inclusive research and improved guidelines to better understand the genetic basis of Parkinson's disease and facilitate more effective clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Rački
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.R.); (E.P.); (M.H.); (G.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gaber Bergant
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (G.B.); (A.K.); (A.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Eliša Papić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.R.); (E.P.); (M.H.); (G.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Anja Kovanda
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (G.B.); (A.K.); (A.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Mario Hero
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.R.); (E.P.); (M.H.); (G.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gloria Rožmarić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.R.); (E.P.); (M.H.); (G.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nada Starčević Čizmarević
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (N.S.Č.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Smiljana Ristić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (N.S.Č.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Saša Ostojić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (N.S.Č.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Miljenko Kapović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (N.S.Č.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Aleš Maver
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (G.B.); (A.K.); (A.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (G.B.); (A.K.); (A.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Vladimira Vuletić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.R.); (E.P.); (M.H.); (G.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Ugur B, Schueder F, Shin J, Hanna MG, Wu Y, Leonzino M, Su M, McAdow AR, Wilson C, Postlethwait J, Solnica-Krezel L, Bewersdorf J, De Camilli P. VPS13B is localized at the cis-trans Golgi complex interface and is a functional partner of FAM177A1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.18.572081. [PMID: 38187698 PMCID: PMC10769246 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in VPS13B, a member of a protein family implicated in bulk lipid transport between adjacent membranes, cause Cohen syndrome. VPS13B is known to be concentrated in the Golgi complex, but its precise location within this organelle and thus the site(s) where it achieves lipid transport remains unclear. Here we show that VPS13B is localized at the interface between cis and trans Golgi sub-compartments and that Golgi complex re-formation after Brefeldin A (BFA) induced disruption is delayed in VPS13B KO cells. This delay is phenocopied by loss of FAM177A1, a Golgi complex protein of unknown function reported to be a VPS13B interactor and whose mutations also result in a developmental disorder. In zebrafish, the vps13b orthologue, not previously annotated in this organism, genetically interacts with fam177a1. Collectively, these findings raise the possibility that bulk lipid transport by VPS13B may play a role in expanding Golgi membranes and that VPS13B may be assisted in this function by FAM177A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berrak Ugur
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Florian Schueder
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jimann Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael G. Hanna
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yumei Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marianna Leonzino
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maohan Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anthony R. McAdow
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Catherine Wilson
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Lilianna Solnica-Krezel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joerg Bewersdorf
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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Waung MW, Ma F, Wheeler AG, Zai CC, So J. The Diagnostic Landscape of Adult Neurogenetic Disorders. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1459. [PMID: 38132285 PMCID: PMC10740572 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenetic diseases affect individuals across the lifespan, but accurate diagnosis remains elusive for many patients. Adults with neurogenetic disorders often undergo a long diagnostic odyssey, with multiple specialist evaluations and countless investigations without a satisfactory diagnostic outcome. Reasons for these diagnostic challenges include: (1) clinical features of neurogenetic syndromes are diverse and under-recognized, particularly those of adult-onset, (2) neurogenetic syndromes may manifest with symptoms that span multiple neurological and medical subspecialties, and (3) a positive family history may not be present or readily apparent. Furthermore, there is a large gap in the understanding of how to apply genetic diagnostic tools in adult patients, as most of the published literature focuses on the pediatric population. Despite these challenges, accurate genetic diagnosis is imperative to provide affected individuals and their families guidance on prognosis, recurrence risk, and, for an increasing number of disorders, offer targeted treatment. Here, we provide a framework for recognizing adult neurogenetic syndromes, describe the current diagnostic approach, and highlight studies using next-generation sequencing in different neurological disease cohorts. We also discuss diagnostic pitfalls, barriers to achieving a definitive diagnosis, and emerging technology that may increase the diagnostic yield of testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie W. Waung
- Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fion Ma
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Allison G. Wheeler
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Clement C. Zai
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Science, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Joyce So
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Hanna M, Guillén-Samander A, De Camilli P. RBG Motif Bridge-Like Lipid Transport Proteins: Structure, Functions, and Open Questions. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2023; 39:409-434. [PMID: 37406299 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-014634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The life of eukaryotic cells requires the transport of lipids between membranes, which are separated by the aqueous environment of the cytosol. Vesicle-mediated traffic along the secretory and endocytic pathways and lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) cooperate in this transport. Until recently, known LTPs were shown to carry one or a few lipids at a time and were thought to mediate transport by shuttle-like mechanisms. Over the last few years, a new family of LTPs has been discovered that is defined by a repeating β-groove (RBG) rod-like structure with a hydrophobic channel running along their entire length. This structure and the localization of these proteins at membrane contact sites suggest a bridge-like mechanism of lipid transport. Mutations in some of these proteins result in neurodegenerative and developmental disorders. Here we review the known properties and well-established or putative physiological roles of these proteins, and we highlight the many questions that remain open about their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hanna
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrés Guillén-Samander
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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9
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Pal G, Cook L, Schulze J, Verbrugge J, Alcalay RN, Merello M, Sue CM, Bardien S, Bonifati V, Chung SJ, Foroud T, Gatto E, Hall A, Hattori N, Lynch T, Marder K, Mascalzoni D, Novaković I, Thaler A, Raymond D, Salari M, Shalash A, Suchowersky O, Mencacci NE, Simuni T, Saunders‐Pullman R, Klein C. Genetic Testing in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1384-1396. [PMID: 37365908 PMCID: PMC10946878 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic testing for persons with Parkinson's disease is becoming increasingly common. Significant gains have been made regarding genetic testing methods, and testing is becoming more readily available in clinical, research, and direct-to-consumer settings. Although the potential utility of clinical testing is expanding, there are currently no proven gene-targeted therapies, but clinical trials are underway. Furthermore, genetic testing practices vary widely, as do knowledge and attitudes of relevant stakeholders. The specter of testing mandates financial, ethical, and physician engagement, and there is a need for guidelines to help navigate the myriad of challenges. However, to develop guidelines, gaps and controversies need to be clearly identified and analyzed. To this end, we first reviewed recent literature and subsequently identified gaps and controversies, some of which were partially addressed in the literature, but many of which are not well delineated or researched. Key gaps and controversies include: (1) Is genetic testing appropriate in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals without medical actionability? (2) How, if at all, should testing vary based on ethnicity? (3) What are the long-term outcomes of consumer- and research-based genetic testing in presymptomatic PD? (4) What resources are needed for clinical genetic testing, and how is this impacted by models of care and cost-benefit considerations? Addressing these issues will help facilitate the development of consensus and guidelines regarding the approach and access to genetic testing and counseling. This is also needed to guide a multidisciplinary approach that accounts for cultural, geographic, and socioeconomic factors in developing testing guidelines. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Pal
- Department of NeurologyRutgers‐Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Lola Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Jeanine Schulze
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Jennifer Verbrugge
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Movement Disorders Division, Neurological InstituteTel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Neuroscience Department FleniCONICET, Catholic University of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of NeurologyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityCape TownSouth Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research UnitStellenbosch UniversityCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Emilia Gatto
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos AiresAffiliated Buenos Aires UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Anne Hall
- Parkinson's FoundationNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute of Disease of Old Age, Graduate School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative LaboratoryRIKEN Center for Brain ScienceSaitamaJapan
| | - Tim Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublinIreland
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac ResearchAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
- Center for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ivana Novaković
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological InstituteTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological InstituteTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Department of NeurologyMount Sinai Beth Israel and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mehri Salari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada‐e Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of ExcellenceShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Medical Genetics and PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for NeurogeneticsNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Tanya Simuni
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Rachel Saunders‐Pullman
- Department of NeurologyMount Sinai Beth Israel and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinLübeckGermany
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10
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Guillén-Samander A, De Camilli P. Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Contact Sites, Lipid Transport, and Neurodegeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041257. [PMID: 36123033 PMCID: PMC10071438 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is an endomembrane system that plays a multiplicity of roles in cell physiology and populates even the most distal cell compartments, including dendritic tips and axon terminals of neurons. Some of its functions are achieved by a cross talk with other intracellular membranous organelles and with the plasma membrane at membrane contacts sites (MCSs). As the ER synthesizes most membrane lipids, lipid exchanges mediated by lipid transfer proteins at MCSs are a particularly important aspect of this cross talk, which synergizes with the cross talk mediated by vesicular transport. Several mutations of genes that encode proteins localized at ER MCSs result in familial neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing the importance of the normal lipid traffic within cells for a healthy brain. Here, we provide an overview of such diseases, with a specific focus on proteins that directly or indirectly impact lipid transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Guillén-Samander
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
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11
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Yahya V, Di Fonzo A, Monfrini E. Genetic Evidence for Endolysosomal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076338. [PMID: 37047309 PMCID: PMC10094484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the aging population, and no disease-modifying therapy has been approved to date. The pathogenesis of PD has been related to many dysfunctional cellular mechanisms, however, most of its monogenic forms are caused by pathogenic variants in genes involved in endolysosomal function (LRRK2, VPS35, VPS13C, and ATP13A2) and synaptic vesicle trafficking (SNCA, RAB39B, SYNJ1, and DNAJC6). Moreover, an extensive search for PD risk variants revealed strong risk variants in several lysosomal genes (e.g., GBA1, SMPD1, TMEM175, and SCARB2) highlighting the key role of lysosomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis. Furthermore, large genetic studies revealed that PD status is associated with the overall “lysosomal genetic burden”, namely the cumulative effect of strong and weak risk variants affecting lysosomal genes. In this context, understanding the complex mechanisms of impaired vesicular trafficking and dysfunctional endolysosomes in dopaminergic neurons of PD patients is a fundamental step to identifying precise therapeutic targets and developing effective drugs to modify the neurodegenerative process in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidal Yahya
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Associations of genes of DNA repair systems with Parkinson’s disease. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Approximately 5–10 % of cases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are monogenic, in other cases the pathology has a multifactorial etiology. One of recognized pathogenetic pathways of PD is mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular the accumulation of damage in mitochondrial DNA. Hence, the genes of DNA repair proteins are promising candidate genes for multifactorial forms of PD.The aim. To study the involvement of genes of DNA repair proteins in the development of Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methods. The associative analysis was carried out while comparing a group of patients with PD (n = 133) with a Tomsk population sample (n = 344). SNaPshot analysis was used to study 8 SNPs in genes of DNA repair proteins (rs560191 (TP53BP1); rs1805800 and rs709816 (NBN); rs473297 (MRE11A); rs1189037 and rs1801516 (ATM); rs1799977 (MLH1); rs1805321 (PMS2)).Results. Common alleles and homozygous rs1801516 genotypes in the ATM gene predispose the development of PD (odds ratio (OR) – 3.27 (p = 0.000004) and OR = 3.46 (p = 0.00008) for risk alleles and genotype respectively) and rs1799977 in the MLH1 gene (OR = 1.88 (p = 0.0004) and OR = 2.42 (p = 0.00007) respectively); heterozygotes have a protective effect (OR = 0.33 (p = 0.0007) and OR = 0.46 (p = 0.0007) for ATM and MLH1, respectively). The rare rs1805800 allele in the NBN gene (OR = 1.62 (p = 0.019)) and a homozygous genotype for it (OR = 2.28 (p = 0.016)) also predispose to PD. Associations with PD of the ATM, MLH1, NBN genes were revealed for the first time.Conclusion. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of PD, while at least two of the three protein products of associated genes are involved in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, it can be assumed that associated genes are involved in the pathogenesis of PD precisely through mitochondrial dysfunction.
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13
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Kovanda A, Rački V, Bergant G, Georgiev D, Flisar D, Papić E, Brankovic M, Jankovic M, Svetel M, Teran N, Maver A, Kostic VS, Novakovic I, Pirtošek Z, Rakuša M, Vuletić V, Peterlin B. A multicenter study of genetic testing for Parkinson’s disease in the clinical setting. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:149. [PMCID: PMC9636217 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) guidelines lack clear criteria for genetic evaluation. We assessed the yield and rationale of genetic testing for PD in a routine clinical setting on a multicenter cohort of 149 early-onset and familial patients by exome sequencing and semi-quantitative multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification of evidence-based PD-associated gene panel. We show that genetic testing for PD should be considered for both early-onset and familial patients alike, and a clinical yield of about 10% in the Caucasian population can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kovanda
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentino Rački
- grid.22939.330000 0001 2236 1630Department of Neurology, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gaber Bergant
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dejan Georgiev
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia ,grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013Artificial Intelligence Lab, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Flisar
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eliša Papić
- grid.22939.330000 0001 2236 1630Department of Neurology, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marija Brankovic
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Neurology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Marina Svetel
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Neurology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Teran
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Maver
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vladimir S. Kostic
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Neurology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Novakovic
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Institute of Human Genetics and Neurology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zvezdan Pirtošek
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia ,grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Rakuša
- grid.412415.70000 0001 0685 1285Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Vladimira Vuletić
- grid.22939.330000 0001 2236 1630Department of Neurology, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- grid.29524.380000 0004 0571 7705Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Kukkle PL, Geetha TS, Chaudhary R, Sathirapongsasuti JF, Goyal V, Kandadai RM, Kumar H, Borgohain R, Mukherjee A, Oliver M, Sunil M, Mootor MFE, Kapil S, Mandloi N, Wadia PM, Yadav R, Desai S, Kumar N, Biswas A, Pal PK, Muthane UB, Das SK, Sakthivel Murugan SM, Peterson AS, Stawiski EW, Seshagiri S, Gupta R, Ramprasad VL, Prai PRAOI. Genome-Wide Polygenic Score Predicts Large Number of High Risk Individuals in Monogenic Undiagnosed Young Onset Parkinson's Disease Patients from India. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101326. [PMID: 35810474 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease with poorly defined environmental influences. Genomic studies of PD patients have identified disease-relevant monogenic genes, rare variants of significance, and polygenic risk-associated variants. In this study, whole genome sequencing data from 90 young onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) individuals are analyzed for both monogenic and polygenic risk. The genetic variant analysis identifies pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in eight of the 90 individuals (8.8%). It includes large homozygous coding exon deletions in PRKN and SNV/InDels in VPS13C, PLA2G6, PINK1, SYNJ1, and GCH1. Eleven rare heterozygous GBA coding variants are also identified in 13 (14.4%) individuals. In 34 (56.6%) individuals, one or more variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in PD/PD-relevant genes are observed. Though YOPD patients with a prioritized pathogenic variant show a low polygenic risk score (PRS), patients with prioritized VUS or no significant rare variants show an increased PRS odds ratio for PD. This study suggests that both significant rare variants and polygenic risk from common variants together may contribute to the genesis of PD. Further validation using a larger cohort of patients will confirm the interplay between monogenic and polygenic variants and their use in routine genetic PD diagnosis and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle
- Department of Neurology, Manipal Hospital, Miller Road, Bangalore, 560052, India.,Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Clinic, Bangalore, 560010, India.,Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, 249201, India
| | - Thenral S Geetha
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Ruchi Chaudhary
- Research Department, MedGenome Inc., 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | | | - Vinay Goyal
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110608, India.,Department of Neurology, Medanta Hospital, New Delhi, 110047, India.,Department of Neurology, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, 122006, India
| | | | - Hrishikesh Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, 700007, India
| | - Rupam Borgohain
- Department of Neurology, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Adreesh Mukherjee
- Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, 700020, India
| | - Merina Oliver
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Meeta Sunil
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | | | - Shruti Kapil
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Nitin Mandloi
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Pettarusp M Wadia
- Department of Neurology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, 400026, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Soaham Desai
- Department of Neurology, Shree Krishna Hospital and Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, 388325, India
| | - Niraj Kumar
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, 249201, India
| | - Atanu Biswas
- Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, 700020, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Uday B Muthane
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson and Ageing Research Foundation, Bangalore, 560095, India
| | - Shymal Kumar Das
- Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, 700020, India
| | | | - Andrew S Peterson
- Research Department, MedGenome Inc., 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Eric W Stawiski
- Research Department, MedGenome Inc., 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | | | - Ravi Gupta
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Vedam L Ramprasad
- Research and Diagnostics Department, MedGenome Labs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, 560099, India
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15
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Neuman SD, Levine TP, Bashirullah A. A novel superfamily of bridge-like lipid transfer proteins. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:962-974. [PMID: 35491307 PMCID: PMC9588498 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transfer proteins mediate nonvesicular transport of lipids at membrane contact sites to regulate the lipid composition of organelle membranes. Recently, a new type of bridge-like lipid transfer protein has emerged; these proteins contain a long hydrophobic groove and can mediate bulk transport of lipids between organelles. Here, we review recent insights into the structure of these proteins and identify a repeating modular unit that we propose to name the repeating β-groove (RBG) domain. This new structural understanding conceptually unifies all the RBG domain-containing lipid transfer proteins as members of an RBG protein superfamily. We also examine the biological functions of these lipid transporters in normal physiology and disease and speculate on the evolutionary origins of RBG proteins in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Neuman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA
| | - Tim P Levine
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | - Arash Bashirullah
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA.
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16
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Salles PA, Liao J, Shuaib U, Mata IF, Fernandez HH. A Review on Response to Device-Aided Therapies Used in Monogenic Parkinsonism and GBA Variants Carriers: A Need for Guidelines and Comparative Studies. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:1703-1725. [PMID: 35662127 PMCID: PMC9535575 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is in some cases predisposed-or-caused by genetic variants, contributing to the expression of different phenotypes. Regardless of etiology, as the disease progresses, motor fluctuations and/or levodopa-induced dyskinesias limit the benefit of pharmacotherapy. Device-aided therapies are good alternatives in advanced disease, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel, and continuous subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine. Candidate selection and timing are critical for the success of such therapies. Genetic screening in DBS cohorts has shown a higher proportion of mutation carriers than in general cohorts, suggesting that genetic factors may influence candidacy for advanced therapies. The response of monogenic PD to device therapies is not well established, and the contribution of genetic information to decision-making is still a matter of debate. The limited evidence regarding gene-dependent response to device-aided therapies is reviewed here. An accurate understanding of the adequacy and responses of different mutation carriers to device-aided therapies requires the development of specific studies with long-term monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe A Salles
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento, CETRAM, Santiago, Chile
| | - James Liao
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Umar Shuaib
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Lerner Research Institute, Genomic Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hubert H Fernandez
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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17
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Chen YP, Yu SH, Zhang GH, Hou YB, Gu XJ, Ou RW, Shen Y, Song W, Chen XP, Zhao B, Cao B, Zhang LY, Sun MM, Liu FF, Wei QQ, Liu KC, Lin JY, Yang TM, Yang J, Wu Y, Jiang Z, Liu J, Cheng YF, Xiao Y, Su WM, Feng F, Cai YY, Li SR, Hu T, Yuan XQ, Zhou QQ, Shao N, Ma S, Shang HF. The mutation spectrum of PD-related genes in early-onset Parkinson's disease in ethnic Chinese. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:3218-3228. [PMID: 35861376 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent genetic progress has shown many causative/risk genes linked to Parkinson's disease (PD), mainly in patients of European ancestry. The study aimed to investigate the PD-related genes and determine the mutational spectrum of early-onset PD in ethnic Chinese. METHODS In this study, whole-exome sequencing and/or gene dosage analysis were performed in 704 early-onset PD (EOPD) patients (onset age ≤ 45 years) and 1866 controls. Twenty-six PD-related genes and 20 other genes linked to neurodegenerative and lysosome diseases were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 82 (11.6%, 82/704) EOPD patients carrying rare pathogenic/ likely pathogenic variants in PD-related genes. The mutation frequency in autosomal recessive inheritance EOPD (AR-EOPD, 42.9%, 27/63) was much higher than that in autosomal dominant inheritance EOPD (AD-EOPD, 0.9%, 12/110) or sporadic EOPD (8.1%, 43/531). Bi-allelic mutations in PRKN were the most frequent, accounting for 5.1% of EOPD cases. Three common pathogenic variants, p.A53V in SNCA, p.G284R in PRKN, and p.P53Afs*38 in CHCHD2, occur exclusively in Asians. The putative damaging variants from GBA, PRKN, DJ1, PLA2G6, and GCH1 contributed to the collective risk for EOPD. Notably, the protein-truncating variants in CHCHD2 were enriched in EOPD, especially for p.P53Afs*38, which was also found in three patients from an independent cohort of patients with late-onset PD (n=1300). Functional experiments confirmed that truncated CHCHD2 variants cause loss of function and are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that the genetic spectrum EOPD in Chinese, which may help develop genetic scanning strategies, provided more evidence supporting CHCHD2 in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Hui Yu
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo-Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Ming Sun
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun-Cheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-Yu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Fan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, the first affiliated hospital of Chengdu medical college, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Departement of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Qing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Shao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First people's Hospital of Yunnan province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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18
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Hancock-Cerutti W, Wu Z, Xu P, Yadavalli N, Leonzino M, Tharkeshwar AK, Ferguson SM, Shadel GS, De Camilli P. ER-lysosome lipid transfer protein VPS13C/PARK23 prevents aberrant mtDNA-dependent STING signaling. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202106046. [PMID: 35657605 PMCID: PMC9170524 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in VPS13C cause early-onset, autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). We have established that VPS13C encodes a lipid transfer protein localized to contact sites between the ER and late endosomes/lysosomes. In the current study, we demonstrate that depleting VPS13C in HeLa cells causes an accumulation of lysosomes with an altered lipid profile, including an accumulation of di-22:6-BMP, a biomarker of the PD-associated leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2019S mutation. In addition, the DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway, which was recently implicated in PD pathogenesis, is activated in these cells. This activation results from a combination of elevated mitochondrial DNA in the cytosol and a defect in the degradation of activated STING, a lysosome-dependent process. These results suggest a link between ER-lysosome lipid transfer and innate immune activation in a model human cell line and place VPS13C in pathways relevant to PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hancock-Cerutti
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- MD/PhD Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Narayana Yadavalli
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Marianna Leonzino
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | | | - Shawn M. Ferguson
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | | | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
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19
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Disease relevance of rare VPS13B missense variants for neurodevelopmental Cohen syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9686. [PMID: 35690661 PMCID: PMC9188546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13717-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive Cohen syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by postnatal microcephaly, intellectual disability, and a typical facial gestalt. Genetic variants in VPS13B have been found to cause Cohen syndrome, but have also been linked to autism, retinal disease, primary immunodeficiency, and short stature. While it is well established that loss-of-function mutations of VPS13B cause Cohen syndrome, the relevance of missense variants for the pathomechanism remains unexplained. Here, we investigate their pathogenic effect through a systematic re-evaluation of clinical patient information, comprehensive in silico predictions, and in vitro testing of previously published missense variants. In vitro analysis of 10 subcloned VPS13B missense variants resulted in full-length proteins after transient overexpression. 6/10 VPS13B missense variants show reduced accumulation at the Golgi complex in the steady state. The overexpression of these 6/10 VPS13B missense variants did not rescue the Golgi fragmentation after the RNAi-mediated depletion of endogenous VPS13B. These results thus validate 6/10 missense variants as likely pathogenic according to the classification of the American College of Medical Genetics through the integration of clinical, genetic, in silico, and experimental data. In summary, we state that exact variant classification should be the first step towards elucidating the pathomechanisms of genetically inherited neuronal diseases.
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20
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Kaminska J, Soczewka P, Rzepnikowska W, Zoladek T. Yeast as a Model to Find New Drugs and Drug Targets for VPS13-Dependent Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095106. [PMID: 35563497 PMCID: PMC9104724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in human VPS13A-D genes result in rare neurological diseases, including chorea-acanthocytosis. The pathogenesis of these diseases is poorly understood, and no effective treatment is available. As VPS13 genes are evolutionarily conserved, the effects of the pathogenic mutations could be studied in model organisms, including yeast, where one VPS13 gene is present. In this review, we summarize advancements obtained using yeast. In recent studies, vps13Δ and vps13-I2749 yeast mutants, which are models of chorea-acanthocytosis, were used to screen for multicopy and chemical suppressors. Two of the suppressors, a fragment of the MYO3 and RCN2 genes, act by downregulating calcineurin activity. In addition, vps13Δ suppression was achieved by using calcineurin inhibitors. The other group of multicopy suppressors were genes: FET4, encoding iron transporter, and CTR1, CTR3 and CCC2, encoding copper transporters. Mechanisms of their suppression rely on causing an increase in the intracellular iron content. Moreover, among the identified chemical suppressors were copper ionophores, which require a functional iron uptake system for activity, and flavonoids, which bind iron. These findings point at areas for further investigation in a higher eukaryotic model of VPS13-related diseases and to new therapeutic targets: calcium signalling and copper and iron homeostasis. Furthermore, the identified drugs are interesting candidates for drug repurposing for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kaminska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Piotr Soczewka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Weronika Rzepnikowska
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Teresa Zoladek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Simpson C, Vinikoor-Imler L, Nassan FL, Shirvan J, Lally C, Dam T, Maserejian N. Prevalence of ten LRRK2 variants in Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 98:103-113. [PMID: 35654702 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), but their prevalence varies geographically, reflecting the locations of founder events and dispersion of founders' descendants. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies providing prevalence estimates for any of ten variants in LRRK2 (G2019S, R1441C, R1441G, R1441H, I2020T, N1437H, Y1699C, S1761R, G2385R, R1628P) among individuals with PD globally. We calculated crude country-specific variant prevalence estimates and, when possible, adjusted estimates for ethno-racial composition. For clinic-based studies, probands were used over other familial cases, whereas for population-based studies, all PD cases were used. RESULTS The analysis included 161 articles from 52 countries yielding 581 prevalence estimates across the ten variants. G2019S was the most common variant, exceeding 1.0% in 26 of 51 countries with estimates. The other variants were far less common. G2385R and R1628P were observed almost exclusively in East Asian countries, where they were found in ∼5-10% of cases. All prevalence estimates adjusted for ethno-racial composition were lower than their unadjusted counterparts, although data permitting this adjustment was only available for six countries. CONCLUSIONS Except for G2019S, the LRRK2 variants covered in this review were uncommon in most countries studied. However, there were countries with higher prevalence for some variants, reflecting the uneven geographic distribution of LRRK2 variants. The fact that ethno-racial group‒adjusted estimates were lower than crude estimates suggests that estimates derived largely from clinic-based studies may overstate the true prevalence of some LRRK2 variants in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cathy Lally
- Epidemiology Research and Methods LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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22
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Lange LM, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Rajalingam R, Tijssen MAJ, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Gabbert C, Ganos C, Ghosh R, Kumar KR, Lang AE, Rossi M, van der Veen S, van de Warrenburg B, Warner T, Lohmann K, Klein C, Marras C. Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders: Recommendations of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force - An Update. Mov Disord 2022; 37:905-935. [PMID: 35481685 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the Movement Disorder Society Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders presented a new system for naming genetically determined movement disorders and provided a criterion-based list of confirmed monogenic movement disorders. Since then, a substantial number of novel disease-causing genes have been described, which warrant classification using this system. In addition, with this update, we further refined the system and propose dissolving the imaging-based categories of Primary Familial Brain Calcification and Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation and reclassifying these genetic conditions according to their predominant phenotype. We also introduce the novel category of Mixed Movement Disorders (MxMD), which includes conditions linked to multiple equally prominent movement disorder phenotypes. In this article, we present updated lists of newly confirmed monogenic causes of movement disorders. We found a total of 89 different newly identified genes that warrant a prefix based on our criteria; 6 genes for parkinsonism, 21 for dystonia, 38 for dominant and recessive ataxia, 5 for chorea, 7 for myoclonus, 13 for spastic paraplegia, 3 for paroxysmal movement disorders, and 6 for mixed movement disorder phenotypes; 10 genes were linked to combined phenotypes and have been assigned two new prefixes. The updated lists represent a resource for clinicians and researchers alike and they have also been published on the website of the Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders on the homepage of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/About/Committees--Other-Groups/MDS-Task-Forces/Task-Force-on-Nomenclature-in-Movement-Disorders.htm). © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rajasumi Rajalingam
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolin Gabbert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rhia Ghosh
- Huntington's Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony E Lang
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Malco Rossi
- Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department, Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sterre van der Veen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Warner
- Department of Clinical & Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Connie Marras
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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23
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Pillay NS, Ross OA, Christoffels A, Bardien S. Current Status of Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches for Candidate Gene Discovery in Familial Parkinson´s Disease. Front Genet 2022; 13:781816. [PMID: 35299952 PMCID: PMC8921601 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.781816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with a heterogeneous genetic etiology. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has aided novel gene discovery in several complex diseases, including PD. This Perspective article aimed to explore the use of NGS approaches to identify novel loci in familial PD, and to consider their current relevance. A total of 17 studies, spanning various populations (including Asian, Middle Eastern and European ancestry), were identified. All the studies used whole-exome sequencing (WES), with only one study incorporating both WES and whole-genome sequencing. It is worth noting how additional genetic analyses (including linkage analysis, haplotyping and homozygosity mapping) were incorporated to enhance the efficacy of some studies. Also, the use of consanguineous families and the specific search for de novo mutations appeared to facilitate the finding of causal mutations. Across the studies, similarities and differences in downstream analysis methods and the types of bioinformatic tools used, were observed. Although these studies serve as a practical guide for novel gene discovery in familial PD, these approaches have not significantly resolved the “missing heritability” of PD. We speculate that what is needed is the use of third-generation sequencing technologies to identify complex genomic rearrangements and new sequence variation, missed with existing methods. Additionally, the study of ancestrally diverse populations (in particular those of Black African ancestry), with the concomitant optimization and tailoring of sequencing and analytic workflows to these populations, are critical. Only then, will this pave the way for exciting new discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Simone Pillay
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Headquarters, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Soraya Bardien,
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24
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Impact of endolysosomal dysfunction upon exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 166:105651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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25
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Monfrini E, Spagnolo F, Canesi M, Seresini A, Passarella B, Percetti M, Seia M, Goldwurm S, Cereda V, Comi GP, Pezzoli G, Di Fonzo A. VPS13C-associated Parkinson's disease: Two novel cases and review of the literature. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 94:37-39. [PMID: 34875562 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
VPS13C is a protein-coding gene involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function through the endolysosomal pathway in neurons. Homozygous and compound heterozygous VPS13C mutations are etiologically associated with early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Moreover, recent studies linked biallelic VPS13C mutations with the development of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Neuropathological studies on two mutated subjects showed diffuse Lewy body disease. In this article, we report the clinical and genetic findings of two subjects affected by early-onset PD carrying three novel VPS13C mutations (i.e., one homozygous and one compound heterozygous), and review the previous literature on the genetic and clinical findings of VPS13C-mutated patients, contributing to the knowledge of this rare genetic alpha-synucleinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Monfrini
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Margherita Canesi
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, 'Moriggia-Pelascini' Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy; Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Seresini
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Passarella
- Neurological Department, Antonio Perrino's Hospital, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Marco Percetti
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Seia
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Cereda
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, 'Moriggia-Pelascini' Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy; Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.
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26
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Schechter M, Sharon R. An Emerging Role for Phosphoinositides in the Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:1725-1750. [PMID: 34151859 PMCID: PMC8609718 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Recent data support an involvement of defects in homeostasis of phosphoinositides (PIPs) in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Genetic mutations have been identified in genes encoding for PIP-regulating and PIP-interacting proteins, that are associated with familial and sporadic PD. Many of these proteins are implicated in vesicular membrane trafficking, mechanisms that were recently highlighted for their close associations with PD. PIPs are phosphorylated forms of the membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol. Their composition in the vesicle’s membrane of origin, as well as membrane of destination, controls vesicular membrane trafficking. We review the converging evidence that points to the involvement of PIPs in PD. The review describes PD- and PIP-associated proteins implicated in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and autophagy, and highlights the involvement of α-synuclein in these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meir Schechter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Sharon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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27
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Leonzino M, Reinisch KM, De Camilli P. Insights into VPS13 properties and function reveal a new mechanism of eukaryotic lipid transport. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159003. [PMID: 34216812 PMCID: PMC8325632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of protein mediated lipid transfer between intracellular membranes has been known since the late 1960's. Since these early discoveries, numerous proteins responsible for such transport, which often act at membrane contact sites, have been identified. Typically, they comprise a lipid harboring module thought to shuttle back and forth between the two adjacent bilayers. Recently, however, studies of the chorein domain protein family, which includes VPS13 and ATG2, has led to the identification of a novel mechanism of lipid transport between organelles in eukaryotic cells mediated by a rod-like protein bridge with a hydrophobic groove through which lipids can slide. This mechanism is ideally suited for bulk transport of bilayer lipids to promote membrane growth. Here we describe how studies of VPS13 led to the discovery of this new mechanism, summarize properties and known roles of VPS13 proteins, and discuss how their dysfunction may lead to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Leonzino
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, MI, Italy.
| | - Karin M Reinisch
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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28
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Bastioli G, Regoni M, Cazzaniga F, De Luca CMG, Bistaffa E, Zanetti L, Moda F, Valtorta F, Sassone J. Animal Models of Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070812. [PMID: 34356877 PMCID: PMC8301401 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. The neuropathological hallmark of the disease is the loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. The clinical manifestations of PD are bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremors and postural instability. PD patients often display non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, weakness, sleep disturbances and cognitive disorders. Although, in 90% of cases, PD has a sporadic onset of unknown etiology, highly penetrant rare genetic mutations in many genes have been linked with typical familial PD. Understanding the mechanisms behind the DA neuron death in these Mendelian forms may help to illuminate the pathogenesis of DA neuron degeneration in the more common forms of PD. A key step in the identification of the molecular pathways underlying DA neuron death, and in the development of therapeutic strategies, is the creation and characterization of animal models that faithfully recapitulate the human disease. In this review, we outline the current status of PD modeling using mouse, rat and non-mammalian models, focusing on animal models for autosomal recessive PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Bastioli
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.); (L.Z.); (F.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Regoni
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.); (L.Z.); (F.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Cazzaniga
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.G.D.L.); (E.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Chiara Maria Giulia De Luca
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.G.D.L.); (E.B.); (F.M.)
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bistaffa
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.G.D.L.); (E.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Letizia Zanetti
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.); (L.Z.); (F.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.G.D.L.); (E.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Flavia Valtorta
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.); (L.Z.); (F.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jenny Sassone
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.); (L.Z.); (F.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Li W, Fu Y, Halliday GM, Sue CM. PARK Genes Link Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Alpha-Synuclein Pathology in Sporadic Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:612476. [PMID: 34295884 PMCID: PMC8291125 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.612476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. The disease is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and spread of Lewy pathology (α-synuclein aggregates) in the brain but the pathogenesis remains elusive. PD presents substantial clinical and genetic variability. Although its complex etiology and pathogenesis has hampered the breakthrough in targeting disease modification, recent genetic tools advanced our approaches. As such, mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a major pathogenic hub for both familial and sporadic PD. In this review, we summarize the effect of mutations in 11 PARK genes (SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, ATP13A2, PLA2G6, FBXO7, VPS35, CHCHD2, and VPS13C) on mitochondrial function as well as their relevance in the formation of Lewy pathology. Overall, these genes play key roles in mitochondrial homeostatic control (biogenesis and mitophagy) and functions (e.g., energy production and oxidative stress), which may crosstalk with the autophagy pathway, induce proinflammatory immune responses, and increase oxidative stress that facilitate the aggregation of α-synuclein. Thus, rectifying mitochondrial dysregulation represents a promising therapeutic approach for neuroprotection in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - YuHong Fu
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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30
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Karimzadeh MR, Omidi F, Sahebalzamani A, Saeidi K. A Novel VPS13B Mutation Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing in Iranian Patients with Cohen Syndrome. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:2566-2574. [PMID: 34041686 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cohen syndrome is caused by homozygous mutation in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B (VPS13B, also referred to as COH1) gene on chromosome 8q22.2. The VPS13B protein is involved in transmembrane transport, Golgi integrity, and neuritogenesis. Clinical manifestations of Cohen syndrome are mainly intellectual disability, developmental delay, facial abnormalities, and eye disorders. This study aimed to identify the causative variant in two unrelated families with Cohen syndrome. To this end, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the pathogenic variants. A homozygous nonsense variant (NM_017890:c.10369C > T; NP_060360.3: p.Q3457X) in the VPS13B gene was identified and co-segregated with all affected individuals in both families. In silico analysis highly suggested this variant as damaging for protein function. The present study increases the mutation spectrum of the VPS13B gene and could be useful in genetic diagnosis and genetic counseling in Cohen syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Karimzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Omidi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Kolsoum Saeidi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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31
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Guillén-Samander A, Leonzino M, Hanna MG, Tang N, Shen H, De Camilli P. VPS13D bridges the ER to mitochondria and peroxisomes via Miro. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202010004. [PMID: 33891013 PMCID: PMC8077184 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, which are excluded from the secretory pathway, depend on lipid transport proteins for their lipid supply from the ER, where most lipids are synthesized. In yeast, the outer mitochondrial membrane GTPase Gem1 is an accessory factor of ERMES, an ER-mitochondria tethering complex that contains lipid transport domains and that functions, partially redundantly with Vps13, in lipid transfer between the two organelles. In metazoa, where VPS13, but not ERMES, is present, the Gem1 orthologue Miro was linked to mitochondrial dynamics but not to lipid transport. Here we show that Miro, including its peroxisome-enriched splice variant, recruits the lipid transport protein VPS13D, which in turn binds the ER in a VAP-dependent way and thus could provide a lipid conduit between the ER and mitochondria. These findings reveal a so far missing link between function(s) of Gem1/Miro in yeast and higher eukaryotes, where Miro is a Parkin substrate, with potential implications for Parkinson's disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Guillén-Samander
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Marianna Leonzino
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Michael G. Hanna
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ni Tang
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Hongying Shen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale West Campus, West Haven, CT
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Departments of Neuroscience and of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD
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32
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Rudakou U, Yu E, Krohn L, Ruskey JA, Asayesh F, Dauvilliers Y, Spiegelman D, Greenbaum L, Fahn S, Waters CH, Dupré N, Rouleau GA, Hassin-Baer S, Fon EA, Alcalay RN, Gan-Or Z. Targeted sequencing of Parkinson's disease loci genes highlights SYT11, FGF20 and other associations. Brain 2021; 144:462-472. [PMID: 33349842 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous loci associated with Parkinson's disease. The specific genes and variants that drive the associations within the vast majority of these loci are unknown. We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of selected genes to determine the potential role of rare and common genetic variants within these loci. We fully sequenced 32 genes from 25 loci previously associated with Parkinson's disease in 2657 patients and 3647 controls from three cohorts. Capture was done using molecular inversion probes targeting the exons, exon-intron boundaries and untranslated regions (UTRs) of the genes of interest, followed by sequencing. Quality control was performed to include only high-quality variants. We examined the role of rare variants (minor allele frequency < 0.01) using optimized sequence Kernel association tests. The association of common variants was estimated using regression models adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity as required in each cohort, followed by a meta-analysis. After Bonferroni correction, we identified a burden of rare variants in SYT11, FGF20 and GCH1 associated with Parkinson's disease. Nominal associations were identified in 21 additional genes. Previous reports suggested that the SYT11 GWAS association is driven by variants in the nearby GBA gene. However, the association of SYT11 was mainly driven by a rare 3' UTR variant (rs945006601) and was independent of GBA variants (P = 5.23 × 10-5 after exclusion of all GBA variant carriers). The association of FGF20 was driven by a rare 5' UTR variant (rs1034608171) located in the promoter region. The previously reported association of GCH1 with Parkinson's disease is driven by rare non-synonymous variants, some of which are known to cause dopamine-responsive dystonia. We also identified two LRRK2 variants, p.Arg793Met and p.Gln1353Lys, in 10 and eight controls, respectively, but not in patients. We identified common variants associated with Parkinson's disease in MAPT, TMEM175, BST1, SNCA and GPNMB, which are all in strong linkage disequilibrium with known GWAS hits in their respective loci. A common coding PM20D1 variant, p.Ile149Val, was nominally associated with reduced risk of Parkinson's disease (odds ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.60-0.89, P = 1.161 × 10-3). This variant is not in linkage disequilibrium with the top GWAS hits within this locus and may represent a novel association. These results further demonstrate the importance of fine mapping of GWAS loci, and suggest that SYT11, FGF20, and potentially PM20D1, BST1 and GPNMB should be considered for future studies as possible Parkinson's disease-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uladzislau Rudakou
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Eric Yu
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Lynne Krohn
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Ruskey
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Farnaz Asayesh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm U1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cheryl H Waters
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Division of Neurosciences, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Edward A Fon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
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Association between VPS13C rs2414739 polymorphism and Parkinson's disease risk: A meta-analysis. Neurosci Lett 2021; 754:135879. [PMID: 33838259 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate the role of vacuolar protein sorting 13C (VPS13C) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2414739 variant in the risk of PD by meta-analysis. METHODS Five eligible case-control studies including 2796 PD cases and 4138 health controls involved in this meta-analysis. The fixed or random effect model was selected based on the heterogeneity of the included studies which detected by I2 and Q tests. The association between rs2414739 polymorphism and the risk of PD was evaluated using the pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 %CI). Sensitivity analysis was used to test the stability of the results. Funnel plot and Begg's test were employed to verified publication bias. RESULTS The results of our meta-analysis showed a significant correlation between VPS13C rs2424739 gene polymorphism and PD susceptibility in Allele model (A versus vs. G: OR = 1.14, 95 %CI = 1.05-1.23, p = 0.002), dominant model (GG + AG vs. AA: OR = 0.86, 95 %CI = 0.78-0.95, p = 0.004), heterozygote model (AG vs. AA: OR = 0.87, 95 %CI = 0.77-0.99, p = 0.04), homozygote model (GG vs. AA: OR = 0.76, 95 %CI = 0.60-0.96, p = 0.02). Surprisingly, we did not find a significant statistical difference between VPS13C rs2414739 polymorphism and PD risk in Chinese cohort in the regional stratified analysis. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that VPS13C rs2414739 polymorphism might act as a genetic predisposition factor for PD, whereas does not include Chinese population.
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Kaiyrzhanov R, Aitkulova A, Vandrovcova J, Murphy D, Zharkinbekova N, Shashkin C, Akhmetzhanov V, Kaishibayeva G, Karimova A, Myrzayev Z, Murray M, Khaibullin T, Hardy J, Houlden H. A glimpse of the genetics of young-onset Parkinson's disease in Central Asia. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1671. [PMID: 33818904 PMCID: PMC8222829 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of the genetic background of many human diseases is currently lacking from genetically undiscovered regions, including Central Asia. Kazakhstan is the first Central Asian country where the genetic studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been emerging since it had become a member of the International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium. Here we report on the results of whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in 50 young‐onset PD (YOPD) cases from Kazakhstan. Methodology WES was performed on 50 unrelated individuals with YOPD from Kazakhstan. Exome data were screened for novel/ultra‐rare deleterious variants in known and candidate PD genes. Copy number variants and small indels were also called. Results Only three cases (6%) were found to be positive for known PD genes including two unrelated familial PD cases with LRRK2 p.(Arg1441Cys) and one case with a homozygous pathogenic PRKN p.(Arg84Trp) variant. Four cases had novel and ultra‐rare variants of uncertain significance in LRRK2, DNAJC13, and VPS35. Novel deleterious variants were found in candidate Mendelian PD genes including CSMD1, TNR, EIF4G1, and ATP13A3. Eight cases harbored the East Asian‐specific LRRK2 p.(Ala419Val) variant. Conclusions The low diagnostic yield in our study might imply that a significant proportion of YOPD cases in Central Asia remains unresolved. Therefore, a better understanding of the genetic architecture of PD among populations of Central Asian ancestry and the pathogenicity of numerous rare variants should be further investigated. WES is a valuable technique for large‐scale YOPD genetic studies in Central Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Akbota Aitkulova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Murphy
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | | | - Chingiz Shashkin
- Contemporary Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Clinic "Shashkin Clinic", Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Vadim Akhmetzhanov
- Department of Neurology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnaz Kaishibayeva
- Institute of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Named After Smagul Kaishibayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Altynay Karimova
- Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Study, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanybek Myrzayev
- Contemporary Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Clinic "Shashkin Clinic", Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Malgorzata Murray
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Talgat Khaibullin
- Department of Neurology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Smolders S, Philtjens S, Crosiers D, Sieben A, Hens E, Heeman B, Van Mossevelde S, Pals P, Asselbergh B, Dos Santos Dias R, Vermeiren Y, Vandenberghe R, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Martin JJ, Cras P, Annaert W, Van Broeckhoven C. Contribution of rare homozygous and compound heterozygous VPS13C missense mutations to dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 33579389 PMCID: PMC7881566 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01121-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are clinically, pathologically and etiologically disorders embedded in the Lewy body disease (LBD) continuum, characterized by neuronal α-synuclein pathology. Rare homozygous and compound heterozygous premature termination codon (PTC) mutations in the Vacuolar Protein Sorting 13 homolog C gene (VPS13C) are associated with early-onset recessive PD. We observed in two siblings with early-onset age (< 45) and autopsy confirmed DLB, compound heterozygous missense mutations in VPS13C, p.Trp395Cys and p.Ala444Pro, inherited from their healthy parents in a recessive manner. In lymphoblast cells of the index patient, the missense mutations reduced VPS13C expression by 90% (p = 0.0002). Subsequent, we performed targeted resequencing of VPS13C in 844 LBD patients and 664 control persons. Using the optimized sequence kernel association test, we obtained a significant association (p = 0.0233) of rare VPS13C genetic variants (minor allele frequency ≤ 1%) with LBD. Among the LBD patients, we identified one patient with homozygous missense mutations and three with compound heterozygous missense mutations in trans position, indicative for recessive inheritance. In four patients with compound heterozygous mutations, we were unable to determine trans position. The frequency of LBD patient carriers of proven recessive compound heterozygous missense mutations is 0.59% (5/844). In autopsy brain tissue of two unrelated LBD patients, the recessive compound heterozygous missense mutations reduced VPS13C expression. Overexpressing of wild type or mutant VPS13C in HeLa or SH-SY5Y cells, demonstrated that the mutations p.Trp395Cys or p.Ala444Pro, abolish the endosomal/lysosomal localization of VPS13C. Overall, our data indicate that rare missense mutations in VPS13C are associated with LBD and recessive compound heterozygous missense mutations might have variable effects on the expression and functioning of VPS13C. We conclude that comparable to the recessive inherited PTC mutations in VPS13C, combinations of rare recessive compound heterozygous missense mutations reduce VPS13C expression and contribute to increased risk of LBD.
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36
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Skrahina V, Gaber H, Vollstedt EJ, Förster TM, Usnich T, Curado F, Brüggemann N, Paul J, Bogdanovic X, Zülbahar S, Olmedillas M, Skobalj S, Ameziane N, Bauer P, Csoti I, Koleva-Alazeh N, Grittner U, Westenberger A, Kasten M, Beetz C, Klein C, Rolfs A. The Rostock International Parkinson's Disease (ROPAD) Study: Protocol and Initial Findings. Mov Disord 2020; 36:1005-1010. [PMID: 33314351 PMCID: PMC8246975 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic stratification of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients facilitates gene‐tailored research studies and clinical trials. The objective of this study was to describe the design of and the initial data from the Rostock International Parkinson's Disease (ROPAD) study, an epidemiological observational study aiming to genetically characterize ~10,000 participants. Methods Recruitment criteria included (1) clinical diagnosis of PD, (2) relative of participant with a reportable LRRK2 variant, or (3) North African Berber or Ashkenazi Jew. DNA analysis involved up to 3 successive steps: (1) variant (LRRK2) and gene (GBA) screening, (2) panel sequencing of 68 PD‐linked genes, and (3) genome sequencing. Results Initial data based on the first 1360 participants indicated that the ROPAD enrollment strategy revealed a genetic diagnostic yield of ~14% among a PD cohort from tertiary referral centers. Conclusions The ROPAD screening protocol is feasible for high‐throughput genetic characterization of PD participants and subsequent prioritization for gene‐focused research efforts and clinical trials. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tatiana Usnich
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ilona Csoti
- Parkinson-Center, Gertrudisklinik Biskirchen, Leun, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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37
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Ugur B, Hancock-Cerutti W, Leonzino M, De Camilli P. Role of VPS13, a protein with similarity to ATG2, in physiology and disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 65:61-68. [PMID: 32563856 PMCID: PMC7746581 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved VPS13 family proteins have been implicated in several cellular processes. Mutations in each of the four human VPS13s cause neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders. Until recently, the molecular function of VPS13 remained elusive. Genetic, functional and structural studies have now revealed that VPS13 acts at contact sites between intracellular organelles to transport lipids by a novel mechanism: direct transfer between bilayers via a hydrophobic channel that spans its entire rod-like N-terminal half. Predicted similarities to the autophagy protein ATG2 suggested a similar role for ATG2 that has now been confirmed by structural and functional studies. Here, after a brief review of this evidence, we discuss what is known of human VPS13 proteins in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berrak Ugur
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - William Hancock-Cerutti
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Marianna Leonzino
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Kobayashi R, Naruse H, Koyama S, Kawakatsu S, Hayashi H, Ishiura H, Mitsui J, Ohta Y, Toda T, Tsuji S, Otani K. Familial dementia with Lewy bodies with VPS13C mutations. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 81:31-33. [PMID: 33039764 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Hiroya Naruse
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Koyama
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kawakatsu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Otani
- Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Robak LA, Du R, Yuan B, Gu S, Alfradique-Dunham I, Kondapalli V, Hinojosa E, Stillwell A, Young E, Zhang C, Song X, Du H, Gambin T, Jhangiani SN, Coban Akdemir Z, Muzny DM, Tejomurtula A, Ross OA, Shaw C, Jankovic J, Bi W, Posey JE, Lupski JR, Shulman JM. Integrated sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization in familial Parkinson disease. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2020; 6:e498. [PMID: 32802956 PMCID: PMC7413630 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine how single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) contribute to molecular diagnosis in familial Parkinson disease (PD), we integrated exome sequencing (ES) and genome-wide array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and further probed CNV structure to reveal mutational mechanisms. Methods We performed ES on 110 subjects with PD and a positive family history; 99 subjects were also evaluated using genome-wide aCGH. We interrogated ES and aCGH data for pathogenic SNVs and CNVs at Mendelian PD gene loci. We confirmed SNVs via Sanger sequencing and further characterized CNVs with custom-designed high-density aCGH, droplet digital PCR, and breakpoint sequencing. Results Using ES, we discovered individuals with known pathogenic SNVs in GBA (p.Glu365Lys, p.Thr408Met, p.Asn409Ser, and p.Leu483Pro) and LRRK2 (p.Arg1441Gly and p.Gly2019Ser). Two subjects were each double heterozygotes for variants in GBA and LRRK2. Based on aCGH, we additionally discovered cases with an SNCA duplication and heterozygous intragenic GBA deletion. Five additional subjects harbored both SNVs (p.Asn52Metfs*29, p.Thr240Met, p.Pro437Leu, and p.Trp453*) and likely disrupting CNVs at the PRKN locus, consistent with compound heterozygosity. In nearly all cases, breakpoint sequencing revealed microhomology, a mutational signature consistent with CNV formation due to DNA replication errors. Conclusions Integrated ES and aCGH yielded a genetic diagnosis in 19.3% of our familial PD cohort. Our analyses highlight potential mechanisms for SNCA and PRKN CNV formation, uncover multilocus pathogenic variation, and identify novel SNVs and CNVs for further investigation as potential PD risk alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A Robak
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Renqian Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Shen Gu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Isabel Alfradique-Dunham
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Vismaya Kondapalli
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Evelyn Hinojosa
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Amanda Stillwell
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Emily Young
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Haowei Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Tomasz Gambin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Zeynep Coban Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Anusha Tejomurtula
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Chad Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Weimin Bi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Joshua M Shulman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (L.A.R., R.D., B.Y., S.G., V.K., E.H., A.S., E.Y., C.Z., X.S., H.D., T.G., Z.C.A., A.T., C.S., W.B., J.E.P., J.R.L., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology (I.A.-D., J.J., J.M.S.), and Human Genome Sequencing Center (S.N.J., D.M.M., J.R.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Baylor Genetics (W.B.), Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (O.A.R.), Department of Neuroscience (O.A.R.), and Department of Clinical Genomics (O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.) and Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (J.R.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (J.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
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Mutated ATP10B increases Parkinson's disease risk by compromising lysosomal glucosylceramide export. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:1001-1024. [PMID: 32172343 PMCID: PMC7244618 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease presenting with a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms, loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the occurrence of α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies in surviving neurons. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing in 52 early-onset PD patients and identified 3 carriers of compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP10B P4-type ATPase gene. Genetic screening of a Belgian PD and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) cohort identified 4 additional compound heterozygous mutation carriers (6/617 PD patients, 0.97%; 1/226 DLB patients, 0.44%). We established that ATP10B encodes a late endo-lysosomal lipid flippase that translocates the lipids glucosylceramide (GluCer) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) towards the cytosolic membrane leaflet. The PD associated ATP10B mutants are catalytically inactive and fail to provide cellular protection against the environmental PD risk factors rotenone and manganese. In isolated cortical neurons, loss of ATP10B leads to general lysosomal dysfunction and cell death. Impaired lysosomal functionality and integrity is well known to be implicated in PD pathology and linked to multiple causal PD genes and genetic risk factors. Our results indicate that recessive loss of function mutations in ATP10B increase risk for PD by disturbed lysosomal export of GluCer and PC. Both ATP10B and glucocerebrosidase 1, encoded by the PD risk gene GBA1, reduce lysosomal GluCer levels, emerging lysosomal GluCer accumulation as a potential PD driver.
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Li N, Wang L, Zhang J, Tan EK, Li J, Peng J, Duan L, Chen C, Zhou D, He L, Peng R. Whole-exome sequencing in early-onset Parkinson's disease among ethnic Chinese. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 90:150.e5-150.e11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gu X, Li C, Chen Y, Ou R, Cao B, Wei Q, Hou Y, Zhang L, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Shang H. Mutation screening and burden analysis of VPS13C in Chinese patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:311.e1-311.e4. [PMID: 32507414 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13C (VPS13C) gene can cause autosomal recessive parkinsonism via mitochondrial pathway. The present study aimed to screen the mutations of VPS13C in a cohort of Chinese patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) and further explore its pathogenicity via burden analysis. A total of 669 patients with EOPD were sequenced with whole-exome sequencing and analyzed homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in VPS13C. Moreover, rare variants with minor allele frequency <0.1% were included in the burden analysis. In total, 7 (1.05%) patients with EOPD carried compound heterozygous mutations in VPS13C, including 3 patients with novel compound heterozygous missense mutations and 4 patients with at least 1 nonsense or splicing-site mutations. Furthermore, burden analysis indicated that patients with EOPD had an enrichment of rare variants in VPS13C. In conclusion, our findings of compound missense mutations expanded the mutation spectrum of VPS13C in EOPD. Burden analysis further elucidated the importance of VPS13C in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Smolders S, Van Broeckhoven C. Genetic perspective on the synergistic connection between vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways associated with Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:63. [PMID: 32375870 PMCID: PMC7201634 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) are symptomatically characterized by parkinsonism, with the latter presenting additionally a distinctive range of atypical features. Although the majority of patients with PD and APS appear to be sporadic, genetic causes of several rare monogenic disease variants were identified. The knowledge acquired from these genetic factors indicated that defects in vesicular transport pathways, endo-lysosomal dysfunction, impaired autophagy-lysosomal protein and organelle degradation pathways, α-synuclein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in PD pathogenesis. Moreover, membrane dynamics are increasingly recognized as a key player in the disease pathogenesis due lipid homeostasis alterations, associated with lysosomal dysfunction, caused by mutations in several PD and APS genes. The importance of lysosomal dysfunction and lipid homeostasis is strengthened by both genetic discoveries and clinical epidemiology of the association between parkinsonism and lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), caused by the disruption of lysosomal biogenesis or function. A synergistic coordination between vesicular trafficking, lysosomal and mitochondria defects exist whereby mutations in PD and APS genes encoding proteins primarily involved one PD pathway are frequently associated with defects in other PD pathways as a secondary effect. Moreover, accumulating clinical and genetic observations suggest more complex inheritance patters of familial PD exist, including oligogenic and polygenic inheritance of genes in the same or interconnected PD pathways, further strengthening their synergistic connection.Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PD and APS genes with functions in vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways, and highlight functional and genetic evidence of the synergistic connection between these PD associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Smolders
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Genetic predispositions of Parkinson's disease revealed in patient-derived brain cells. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32352027 PMCID: PMC7181694 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-020-0110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurological disorder and has been the focus of intense investigations to understand its etiology and progression, but it still lacks a cure. Modeling diseases of the central nervous system in vitro with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) is still in its infancy but has the potential to expedite the discovery and validation of new treatments. Here, we discuss the interplay between genetic predispositions and midbrain neuronal impairments in people living with PD. We first summarize the prevalence of causal Parkinson's genes and risk factors reported in 74 epidemiological and genomic studies. We then present a meta-analysis of 385 hiPSC-derived neuronal lines from 67 recent independent original research articles, which point towards specific impairments in neurons from Parkinson's patients, within the context of genetic predispositions. Despite the heterogeneous nature of the disease, current iPSC models reveal converging molecular pathways underlying neurodegeneration in a range of familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson's disease. Altogether, consolidating our understanding of robust cellular phenotypes across genetic cohorts of Parkinson's patients may guide future personalized drug screens in preclinical research.
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Gorcenco S, Ilinca A, Almasoudi W, Kafantari E, Lindgren AG, Puschmann A. New generation genetic testing entering the clinic. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 73:72-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cook L, Schulze J, Kopil C, Hastings T, Naito A, Wojcieszek J, Payne K, Alcalay RN, Klein C, Saunders-Pullman R, Simuni T, Foroud T. Genetic Testing for Parkinson Disease: Are We Ready? Neurol Clin Pract 2020; 11:69-77. [PMID: 33968475 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review With the advent of precision medicine and demand for genomic testing information, we may question whether it is time to offer genetic testing to our patients with Parkinson disease (PD). This review updates the current genetic landscape of PD, describes what genetic testing may offer, provides strategies for evaluating whom to test, and provides resources for the busy clinician. Recent Findings Patients with PD and their relatives, in various settings, have expressed an interest in learning their PD genetic status; however, physicians may be hesitant to widely offer testing due to the perceived low clinical utility of PD genetic test results. The rise of clinical trials available for patients with gene-specific PD and emerging information on genotype-phenotype correlations are starting to shift this discussion about testing. Summary By learning more about the various genetic testing options for PD and utility of results for patients and their care, clinicians may become more comfortable with widespread PD genetic testing in the research and clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Jeanine Schulze
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Catherine Kopil
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Tara Hastings
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Anna Naito
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Joanne Wojcieszek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Katelyn Payne
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Christine Klein
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Rachel Saunders-Pullman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Tatyana Simuni
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (CK, TH), New York; Parkinson's Foundation (AN), Miami, FL; Department of Neurology (JW, KP), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (RNA), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; Institute of Neurogenetics (CK), University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (RS-P), Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center (TS), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL
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Öztürk Z, O’Kane CJ, Pérez-Moreno JJ. Axonal Endoplasmic Reticulum Dynamics and Its Roles in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:48. [PMID: 32116502 PMCID: PMC7025499 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical continuity of axons over long cellular distances poses challenges for their maintenance. One organelle that faces this challenge is endoplasmic reticulum (ER); unlike other intracellular organelles, this forms a physically continuous network throughout the cell, with a single membrane and a single lumen. In axons, ER is mainly smooth, forming a tubular network with occasional sheets or cisternae and low amounts of rough ER. It has many potential roles: lipid biosynthesis, glucose homeostasis, a Ca2+ store, protein export, and contacting and regulating other organelles. This tubular network structure is determined by ER-shaping proteins, mutations in some of which are causative for neurodegenerative disorders such as hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). While axonal ER shares many features with the tubular ER network in other contexts, these features must be adapted to the long and narrow dimensions of axons. ER appears to be physically continuous throughout axons, over distances that are enormous on a subcellular scale. It is therefore a potential channel for long-distance or regional communication within neurons, independent of action potentials or physical transport of cargos, but involving its physiological roles such as Ca2+ or organelle homeostasis. Despite its apparent stability, axonal ER is highly dynamic, showing features like anterograde and retrograde transport, potentially reflecting continuous fusion and breakage of the network. Here we discuss the transport processes that must contribute to this dynamic behavior of ER. We also discuss the model that these processes underpin a homeostatic process that ensures both enough ER to maintain continuity of the network and repair breaks in it, but not too much ER that might disrupt local cellular physiology. Finally, we discuss how failure of ER organization in axons could lead to axon degenerative diseases, and how a requirement for ER continuity could make distal axons most susceptible to degeneration in conditions that disrupt ER continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cahir J. O’Kane
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Rudakou U, Ruskey JA, Krohn L, Laurent SB, Spiegelman D, Greenbaum L, Yahalom G, Desautels A, Montplaisir JY, Fahn S, Waters CH, Levy O, Kehoe CM, Narayan S, Dauvilliers Y, Dupré N, Hassin-Baer S, Alcalay RN, Rouleau GA, Fon EA, Gan-Or Z. Analysis of common and rare VPS13C variants in late-onset Parkinson disease. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2020; 6:385. [PMID: 32042909 PMCID: PMC6984134 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to study the role of coding VPS13C variants in a large cohort of patients with late-onset Parkinson disease (PD) (LOPD). Methods VPS13C and its untranslated regions were sequenced using targeted next-generation sequencing in 1,567 patients with PD and 1,667 controls from 3 cohorts. Association tests of rare potential homozygous and compound heterozygous variants and burden tests for rare heterozygous variants were performed. Common variants were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for age and sex in each of the cohorts, followed by a meta-analysis. Results No biallelic carriers of rare VPS13C variants were found among patients, and 2 carriers of compound heterozygous variants were found in 2 controls. There was no statistically significant burden of rare (minor allele frequency [MAF] <1%) or very rare (MAF <0.1%) coding VPS13C variants in PD. A VPS13C haplotype including the p.R153H-p.I398I-p.I1132V-p.Q2376Q variants was nominally associated with a reduced risk for PD (meta-analysis of the tagging SNP p.I1132V [odds ratio = 0.48, 95% confidence interval = 0.28–0.82, p = 0.0052]). This haplotype was not in linkage disequilibrium with the known genome-wide association study top hit. Conclusions Our results do not support a role for rare heterozygous or biallelic VPS13C variants in LOPD. Additional genetic replication and functional studies are needed to examine the role of the haplotype identified here associated with reduced risk for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uladzislau Rudakou
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Jennifer A Ruskey
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Lynne Krohn
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Sandra B Laurent
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Gilad Yahalom
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Alex Desautels
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Jacques Y Montplaisir
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Cheryl H Waters
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Oren Levy
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Caitlin M Kehoe
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Sushma Narayan
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Edward A Fon
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics (U.R., L.K., G.A.R, Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal; Montreal Neurological Institute (U.R., J.A.R., L.K., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F.Z.G.-O.), McGill University; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (J.A.R., S.B.L., D.S., G.A.R., E.A.F., Z.G.-O.), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center (L.G.); The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center (L.G., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (L.G., G.Y., S.H.-B.), Tel-Aviv University; Department of Neurology (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center; Movement Disorders Institute (G.Y., S.H.-B.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (A.D., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal; Department of Neurosciences (A.D.), Université de Montréal; Department of Psychiatry (J.Y.M.), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.F., C.H.W., O.L., C.M.K., S.N., R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York; Department of Neurology (Y.D.), National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Inserm, France; Division of Neurosciences (N.D.), CHU de Québec, Université Laval; Department of Medicine (N.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada; and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (R.N.A.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
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49
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Cochran JN, McKinley EC, Cochran M, Amaral MD, Moyers BA, Lasseigne BN, Gray DE, Lawlor JMJ, Prokop JW, Geier EG, Holt JM, Thompson ML, Newberry JS, Yokoyama JS, Worthey EA, Geldmacher DS, Love MN, Cooper GM, Myers RM, Roberson ED. Genome sequencing for early-onset or atypical dementia: high diagnostic yield and frequent observation of multiple contributory alleles. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a003491. [PMID: 31836585 PMCID: PMC6913143 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the results of genome sequencing for early-onset dementia. Participants were selected from a memory disorders clinic. Genome sequencing was performed along with C9orf72 repeat expansion testing. All returned sequencing results were Sanger-validated. Prior clinical diagnoses included Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and unspecified dementia. The mean age of onset was 54 (41–76). Fifty percent of patients had a strong family history, 37.5% had some, and 12.5% had no known family history. Nine of 32 patients (28%) had a variant defined as pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards, including variants in APP, C9orf72, CSF1R, and MAPT. Nine patients (including three with P/LP variants) harbored established risk alleles with moderate penetrance (odds ratios of ∼2–5) in ABCA7, AKAP9, GBA, PLD3, SORL1, and TREM2. All six patients harboring these moderate penetrance variants but not P/LP variants also had one or two APOE ε4 alleles. One patient had two APOE ε4 alleles with no other established contributors. In total, 16 patients (50%) harbored one or more genetic variants likely to explain symptoms. We identified variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) in ABI3, ADAM10, ARSA, GRID2IP, MME, NOTCH3, PLCD1, PSEN1, TM2D3, TNK1, TTC3, and VPS13C, also often along with other variants. In summary, genome sequencing for early-onset dementia frequently identified multiple established or possible contributory alleles. These observations add support for an oligogenic model for early-onset dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily C McKinley
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Meagan Cochran
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Michelle D Amaral
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Bryan A Moyers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | | | - David E Gray
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - James M J Lawlor
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Jeremy W Prokop
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Ethan G Geier
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - James M Holt
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | | | - J Scott Newberry
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | | | - David S Geldmacher
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Marissa Natelson Love
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Gregory M Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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50
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Vidyadhara DJ, Lee JE, Chandra SS. Role of the endolysosomal system in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2019; 150:487-506. [PMID: 31287913 PMCID: PMC6707858 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, affecting 1-1.5% of the total population. While progress has been made in understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms that lead to cell death in late stages of PD, mechanisms for early, causal pathogenic events are still elusive. Recent developments in PD genetics increasingly point at endolysosomal (E-L) system dysfunction as the early pathomechanism and key pathway affected in PD. Clathrin-mediated synaptic endocytosis, an integral part of the neuronal E-L system, is probably the main early target as evident in auxilin, RME-8, and synaptojanin-1 mutations that cause PD. Autophagy, another important pathway in the E-L system, is crucial in maintaining proteostasis and a healthy mitochondrial pool, especially in neurons considering their inability to divide and requirement to function an entire life-time. PINK1 and Parkin mutations severely perturb autophagy of dysfunctional mitochondria (mitophagy), both in the cell body and synaptic terminals of dopaminergic neurons, leading to PD. Endolysosomal sorting and trafficking is also crucial, which is complex in multi-compartmentalized neurons. VPS35 and VPS13C mutations noted in PD target these mechanisms. Mutations in GBA comprise the most common risk factor for PD and initiate pathology by compromising lysosomal function. This is also the case for ATP13A2 mutations. Interestingly, α-synuclein and LRRK2, key proteins involved in PD, function in different steps of the E-L pathway and target their components to induce disease pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss these E-L system genes that are linked to PD and how their dysfunction results in PD pathogenesis. This article is part of the Special Issue "Synuclein".
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Vidyadhara
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - John E Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sreeganga S Chandra
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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