1
|
Szwed-Georgiou A, Płociński P, Kupikowska-Stobba B, Urbaniak MM, Rusek-Wala P, Szustakiewicz K, Piszko P, Krupa A, Biernat M, Gazińska M, Kasprzak M, Nawrotek K, Mira NP, Rudnicka K. Bioactive Materials for Bone Regeneration: Biomolecules and Delivery Systems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5222-5254. [PMID: 37585562 PMCID: PMC10498424 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel tissue regeneration strategies are constantly being developed worldwide. Research on bone regeneration is noteworthy, as many promising new approaches have been documented with novel strategies currently under investigation. Innovative biomaterials that allow the coordinated and well-controlled repair of bone fractures and bone loss are being designed to reduce the need for autologous or allogeneic bone grafts eventually. The current engineering technologies permit the construction of synthetic, complex, biomimetic biomaterials with properties nearly as good as those of natural bone with good biocompatibility. To ensure that all these requirements meet, bioactive molecules are coupled to structural scaffolding constituents to form a final product with the desired physical, chemical, and biological properties. Bioactive molecules that have been used to promote bone regeneration include protein growth factors, peptides, amino acids, hormones, lipids, and flavonoids. Various strategies have been adapted to investigate the coupling of bioactive molecules with scaffolding materials to sustain activity and allow controlled release. The current manuscript is a thorough survey of the strategies that have been exploited for the delivery of biomolecules for bone regeneration purposes, from choosing the bioactive molecule to selecting the optimal strategy to synthesize the scaffold and assessing the advantages and disadvantages of various delivery strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szwed-Georgiou
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Przemysław Płociński
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Mateusz M. Urbaniak
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Paulina Rusek-Wala
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Konrad Szustakiewicz
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Paweł Piszko
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krupa
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Monika Biernat
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gazińska
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kasprzak
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nawrotek
- Faculty
of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Nuno Pereira Mira
- iBB-Institute
for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Potential bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:42-63. [PMID: 35087962 PMCID: PMC8777287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are considered the most suitable absorbable metals for bone fracture fixation implants. The main challenge in absorbable magnesium alloys is their high corrosion/degradation rate that needs to be controlled. Various coatings have been applied to magnesium alloys to slow down their corrosion rates to match their corrosion rate to the regeneration rate of the bone fracture. In this review, a bioactive coating is proposed to slow down the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys and accelerate the bone fracture healing process. The main aim of the bioactive coatings is to enhance the direct attachment of living tissues and thereby facilitate osteoconduction. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are six bioactive agents that show high potential for developing a bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. In addition to coating, the substrate itself can be made bioactive by alloying magnesium with calcium, zinc, copper, and manganese that were found to promote bone regeneration. Bioactive-coated magnesium implant could accelerate bone fracture healing time to match with magnesium degradation. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are high potential bioactive coating materials. The incorporation of Ca, Zn, Cu, Sr, and Mn in Mg base-metal could further enhance bone formation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Pabst A, Asran A, Lüers S, Laub M, Holfeld C, Palarie V, Thiem DGE, Becker P, Hartmann A, Heimes D, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. Osseointegration of a New, Ultrahydrophilic and Nanostructured Dental Implant Surface: A Comparative In Vivo Study. Biomedicines 2022; 10:943. [PMID: 35625680 PMCID: PMC9138320 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared the osseointegration of acid-etched, ultrahydrophilic, micro- and nanostructured implant surfaces (ANU) with non-ultra-hydrophilic, microstructured (SA) and non-ultrahydrophilic, micro- and nanostructured implant surfaces (AN) in vivo. Fifty-four implants (n = 18 per group) were bilaterally inserted into the proximal tibia of New Zealand rabbits (n = 27). After 1, 2, and 4 weeks, bone-implant contact (BIC, %) in the cortical (cBIC) and spongious bone (sBIC), bone chamber ingrowth (BChI, %), and the supra-crestal, subperiosteal amount of newly formed bone, called percentage of linear bone fill (PLF, %), were analyzed. After one week, cBIC was significantly higher for AN and ANU when compared to SA (p = 0.01 and p = 0.005). PLF was significantly increased for ANU when compared to AN and SA (p = 0.022 and p = 0.025). After 2 weeks, cBIC was significantly higher in SA when compared to AN (p = 0.039) and after 4 weeks, no significant differences in any of the measured parameters were found anymore. Ultrahydrophilic implants initially improved osseointegration when compared to their non-ultrahydrophilic counterparts. In accordance, ultrahydrophilic implants might be appropriate in cases with a necessity for an accelerated and improved osseointegration, such as in critical size alveolar defects or an affected bone turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pabst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, Rübenacherstr. 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.P.); (P.B.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Ashraf Asran
- Morphoplant GmbH, Universitätsstr. 136, 44799 Bochum, Germany; (A.A.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Steffen Lüers
- Morphoplant GmbH, Universitätsstr. 136, 44799 Bochum, Germany; (A.A.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Markus Laub
- Morphoplant GmbH, Universitätsstr. 136, 44799 Bochum, Germany; (A.A.); (S.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Christopher Holfeld
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Victor Palarie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cellular Culture, State University of Medicine and Pharmaceutics “Nicolae Testemitanu”, Stefan cel Mare si Sfant Boulevard 165, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova;
| | - Daniel G. E. Thiem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Philipp Becker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, Rübenacherstr. 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.P.); (P.B.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Amely Hartmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Diana Heimes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Peer W. Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.H.); (D.G.E.T.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (B.A.-N.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leppiniemi J, Mutahir Z, Dulebo A, Mikkonen P, Nuopponen M, Turkki P, Hytönen VP. Avidin-Conjugated Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel Functionalized with Biotinylated Fibronectin and Vitronectin Promotes 3D Culture of Fibroblasts. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4122-4137. [PMID: 34542997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The future success of physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) cell/tissue models is dependent on the development of functional biomaterials, which can provide a well-defined 3D environment instructing cellular behavior. To establish a platform to produce tailored hydrogels, we conjugated avidin (Avd) to anionic nanofibrillar cellulose (aNFC) and demonstrated the use of the resulting Avd-NFC hydrogel for 3D cell culture, where Avd-NFC allows easy functionalization via biotinylated molecules. Avidin was successfully conjugated to nanocellulose and remained functional, as demonstrated by electrophoresis and titration with fluorescent biotin. Rheological analysis indicated that Avd-NFC retained shear-thinning and gel-forming properties. Topological characterization using AFM revealed the preserved fiber structure and confirmed the binding of biotinylated vitronectin (B-VN) on the fiber surface. The 3D cell culture experiments with mouse embryonic fibroblasts demonstrated the performance of Avd-NFC hydrogels functionalized with biotinylated fibronectin (B-FN) and B-VN. Cells cultured in Avd-NFC hydrogels functionalized with B-FN or B-VN formed matured integrin-mediated adhesions, indicated by phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase. We observed significantly higher cell proliferation rates when biotinylated proteins were bound to the Avd-NFC hydrogel compared to cells cultured in Avd-NFC alone, indicating the importance of the presence of adhesive sites for fibroblasts. The versatile Avd-NFC allows the easy functionalization of hydrogels with virtually any biotinylated molecule and may become widely utilized in 3D cell/tissue culture applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Leppiniemi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Zeeshan Mutahir
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alexander Dulebo
- JPK BioAFM Business, Bruker Nano GmbH, Am Studio 2D, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Piia Mikkonen
- UPM-Kymmene Corporation, Alvar Aallon Katu 1, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Nuopponen
- UPM-Kymmene Corporation, Alvar Aallon Katu 1, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Turkki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu D, Huang C, Jiang C, Zhu H. Features of a simvastatin-loaded multi-layered co-electrospun barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:713. [PMID: 34007322 PMCID: PMC8120663 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel tri-layer membrane consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL) fibrous sheets and structured nanofibers with a gelatin (Gt) shell and a simvastatin-containing PCL core (PCL-Gt/PCL-simvastatin membrane) was prepared. The soft external layer comprised of Gt/PCL-simvastatin, the external layer of PCL and the middle layer of both microfilaments, interwoven together. The membrane was designed to promote osteoinduction and act as a barrier against cells but not against water and molecules in order to promote guided bone regeneration. The structure of the membrane was characterized by scanning electronic microscopy. The in vitro release rates of simvastatin over 32 days were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. For in vitro biological assays, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human fibroblasts were cultured on the different surfaces of the membrane. Cell adhesion, proliferation, distribution, and differentiation were examined. For in vivo testing, cranial defects were created in rabbits to assess the amount of new bone formed for each membrane. The results revealed that membranes with multi-layered structures showed good cell viability and effective osteoinductive and barrier properties. These results suggest that the novel multi-layered PCL-Gt/PCL-simvastatin membranes have great potential for bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Chongshang Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Chu Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Jiangshan, Zhejiang 324100, P.R. China
| | - Huiyong Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kämmerer T, Lesmeister T, Palarie V, Schiegnitz E, Schröter A, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. Calcium Phosphate-Coated Titanium Implants in the Mandible: Limitations of the in vivo Minipig Model. Eur Surg Res 2021; 61:177-187. [PMID: 33601367 DOI: 10.1159/000513846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to compare implant osseointegration with calcium phosphate (CaP) surfaces and rough subtractive-treated sandblasted/acid etched surfaces (SA) in an in vivo minipig mandible model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 cylindrical press-fit implants with two different surfaces (CaP, n = 18; SA, n = 18) were inserted bilaterally into the mandible of 9 adult female minipigs. After 2, 4, and 8 weeks, we analyzed the cortical bone-to-implant contact (cBIC; %) and area coverage of bone-to-implant contact within representative bone chambers (aBIC; %). RESULTS After 2 weeks, CaP implants showed no significant increase in cBIC and aBIC compared to SA (cBIC: mean 38 ± 5 vs. 16 ± 11%; aBIC: mean 21 ± 1 vs. 6 ± 9%). Two CaP implants failed to achieve osseointegration. After 4 weeks, no statistical difference between CaP and SA was seen for cBIC (mean 54 ± 15 vs. 43 ± 16%) and aBIC (mean 43 ± 28 vs. 32 ± 6). However, we excluded two implants in each group due to failure of osseointegration. After 8 weeks, we observed no significant intergroup differences (cBIC: 18 ± 9 vs. 18 ± 20%; aBIC: 13 ± 8 vs. 16 ± 9%). Again, three CaP implants and two SA implants had to be excluded due to failure of osseointegration. CONCLUSION Due to multiple implant losses, we cannot recommend the oral mandibular minipig in vivo model for future endosseous implant research. Considering the higher rate of osseointegration failure, CaP coatings may provide an alternative to common subtractive implant surface modifications in the early phase post-insertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till Kämmerer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany, .,Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany,
| | - Tony Lesmeister
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Victor Palarie
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ettelt V, Belitsky A, Lehnert M, Loidl-Stahlhofen A, Epple M, Veith M. Enhanced selective cellular proliferation by multi-biofunctionalization of medical implant surfaces with heterodimeric BMP-2/6, fibronectin, and FGF-2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 106:2910-2922. [PMID: 30447103 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Increasing cell adhesion on implant surfaces is an issue of high biomedical importance. Early colonization with endogenous cells reduces the risk of bacterial contamination and enhances the integration of an implant into the diverse cellular tissues surrounding it. In vivo integration of implants is controlled by a complex spatial and temporal interplay of cytokines and adhesive molecules. The concept of a multi-biofunctionalized TiO2 surface for stimulating bone and soft tissue growth is presented here. All supramolecular architectures were built with a biotin-streptavidin coupling system. Biofunctionalization of TiO2 with immobilized FGF-2 and heparin could be shown to selectively increase the proliferation of fibroblasts while immobilized BMP-2 only stimulated the growth of osteoblasts. Furthermore, TiO2 surfaces biofunctionalized with either the BMP-2 or BMP-2/6 growth factor and the cell adhesion-enhancing protein fibronectin showed higher osteoblast adhesion than a TiO2 surface functionalized with only one of these proteins. In conclusion, the presented immobilization strategy is applicable in vivo for a selective surface coating of implants in both hard and connective tissue. The combined immobilization of different extracellular proteins on implants has the potential to further influence cell-specific reactions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2910-2922, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Ettelt
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, D-45665, Recklinghausen, Germany.,Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Alice Belitsky
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, D-45665, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehnert
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, D-45665, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Angelika Loidl-Stahlhofen
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, D-45665, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, D-45665, Recklinghausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lopes D, Martins-Cruz C, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Bone physiology as inspiration for tissue regenerative therapies. Biomaterials 2018; 185:240-275. [PMID: 30261426 PMCID: PMC6445367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development, maintenance of healthy bone and regeneration of injured tissue in the human body comprise a set of intricate and finely coordinated processes. However, an analysis of current bone regeneration strategies shows that only a small fraction of well-reported bone biology aspects has been used as inspiration and transposed into the development of therapeutic products. Specific topics that include inter-scale bone structural organization, developmental aspects of bone morphogenesis, bone repair mechanisms, role of specific cells and heterotypic cell contact in the bone niche (including vascularization networks and immune system cells), cell-cell direct and soluble-mediated contact, extracellular matrix composition (with particular focus on the non-soluble fraction of proteins), as well as mechanical aspects of native bone will be the main reviewed topics. In this Review we suggest a systematic parallelization of (i) fundamental well-established biology of bone, (ii) updated and recent advances on the understanding of biological phenomena occurring in native and injured tissue, and (iii) critical discussion of how those individual aspects have been translated into tissue regeneration strategies using biomaterials and other tissue engineering approaches. We aim at presenting a perspective on unexplored aspects of bone physiology and how they could be translated into innovative regeneration-driven concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heller M, Kumar VV, Pabst A, Brieger J, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. Osseous response on linear and cyclic RGD-peptides immobilized on titanium surfaces in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:419-427. [PMID: 28971567 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic surface modifications of titanium (Ti) implants using the Arg-Gly-Asp-sequence (RGD) are promising to accelerate bone healing in cases of medical implants. Therefore, we compared the impact of linear and cyclic RGD (l- and c-RGD) covalently coupled onto Ti surfaces on the osseous response in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, osteoblasts' behavior on different surfaces (unmodified, amino-silanized [APTES], l- and c-RGD) was analysed regarding adhesion (fluorescence microscopy), proliferation (resazurin stain) and differentiation (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin). In vivo, osteosynthesis screws (unmodified n = 8, l-RGD n = 8, c-RGD n = 8) were inserted into the proximal tibiae of 12 rabbits and evaluated for bone growth parameters (bone implant contact [%] and vertical bone apposition [VBA;%]) at 3 and 6 weeks. In vitro, c- as well as l-RGD surfaces stimulated osteoblasts' adherence, proliferation and differentiation in a similar manner, with only subtle evidence of superiority of the c-RGD modifications. In vivo, c-RGD-modifications led to a significantly increased VBA after 3 and 6 weeks. Thus, coating with c-RGD appears to play an important role influencing osteoblasts' behaviour in vitro but especially in vivo. These findings can be applied prospectively to implantable biomaterials with hypothetically improved survival and success rates. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 419-427, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Heller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - V V Kumar
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - A Pabst
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital Koblenz, Germany
| | - J Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - P W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guided Bone Regeneration Using Collagen Scaffolds, Growth Factors, and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells for Treatment of Peri-Implant Bone Defects In Vivo. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:3548435. [PMID: 28951742 PMCID: PMC5603746 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3548435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was an evaluation of different approaches for guided bone regeneration (GBR) of peri-implant defects in an in vivo animal model. Materials and Methods In minipigs (n = 15), peri-implant defects around calcium phosphate- (CaP-; n = 46) coated implants were created and randomly filled with (1) blank, (2) collagen/hydroxylapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold (CHT), (3) CHT + growth factor cocktail (GFC), (4) jellyfish collagen matrix, (5) jellyfish collagen matrix + GFC, (6) collagen powder, and (7) collagen powder + periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Additional collagen membranes were used for coverage of the defects. After 120 days of healing, bone growth was evaluated histologically (bone to implant contact (BIC;%)), vertical bone apposition (VBA; mm), and new bone height (NBH; %). Results In all groups, new bone formation was seen. Though, when compared to the blank group, no significant differences were detected for all parameters. BIC and NBH in the group with collagen matrix as well as the group with the collagen matrix + GFC were significantly less when compared to the collagen powder group (all: p < 0.003). Conclusion GBR procedures, in combination with CaP-coated implants, will lead to an enhancement of peri-implant bone growth. There was no additional significant enhancement of osseous regeneration when using GFC or PDLSC.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kämmerer PW, Thiem DGE, Alshihri A, Wittstock GH, Bader R, Al-Nawas B, Klein MO. Cellular fluid shear stress on implant surfaces-establishment of a novel experimental set up. Int J Implant Dent 2017; 3:22. [PMID: 28567712 PMCID: PMC5451379 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-017-0085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mechanostimuli of different cells can affect a wide array of cellular and inter-cellular biological processes responsible for dental implant healing. The purpose of this in vitro study was to establish a new test model to create a reproducible flow-induced fluid shear stress (FSS) of osteoblast cells on implant surfaces. Methods As FSS effects on osteoblasts are detectable at 10 dyn/cm2, a custom-made flow chamber was created. Computer-aided verification of circulation processes was performed. In order to verify FSS effects, cells were analysed via light and fluorescence microscopy. Results Utilising computer-aided simulations, the underside of the upper plate was considered to have optimal conditions for cell culturing. At this site, a flow-induced orientation of osteoblast cell clusters and an altered cell morphology with cellular elongation and alteration of actin fibres in the fluid flow direction was detected. Conclusions FSS simulation using this novel flow chamber might mimic the peri-implant situation in the phase of loaded implant healing. With this FSS flow chamber, osteoblast cells’ sensitivity to FSS was verified in the form of morphological changes and cell re-clustering towards the direction of the flow. Different shear forces can be created simultaneously in a single experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - D G E Thiem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - A Alshihri
- Department of Prosthetic and Biomaterial Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G H Wittstock
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - R Bader
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - B Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M O Klein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bodelón OG, Clemente C, Alobera MA, Aguado-Henche S, Escudero ML, Alonso MCG. Osseointegration of TI6Al4V dental implants modified by thermal oxidation in osteoporotic rabbits. Int J Implant Dent 2016; 2:18. [PMID: 27747710 PMCID: PMC5005616 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-016-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this work, the effect of the heat treatment on Ti6Al4V implants and topical administration of growth hormone to address a better osseointegration in osteoporotic patients has been analysed. Methods The osseointegration process of Ti6Al4V implants modified by oxidation treatment at 700 °C for 1 h and the influence of local administration of growth hormone (GH) in osteoporotic female rabbits after 15 and 30 days of implantation have been studied. Bone response was analysed through densitometric and histomorphometric studies. Characterization of the surface was provided by scanning electron microscopy. Results The oxidation treatment promotes the formation of an oxide scale grown on the Ti6Al4V implants that alters the nanoroughness of the surface. Bone mineral density (BMD) increases from 0.347 ± 0.014 (commercial) to 0.383 ± 0.012 g cm−2 (modified), and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) goes from 48.01 ± 14.78 (commercial) to 55.37 ± 15.31 (modified) after 30 days of implantation. Conclusions The oxidation treatment on the Ti6Al4V dental implants enhances the early bone formation at the longest periods of implantation. No significant differences in the BMD and BIC results in healthy and osteoporotic rabbits were revealed with respect to the local administration of GH in the implantation site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar G Bodelón
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Clemente
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alobera
- Stomatology Department IV, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Aguado-Henche
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - María Lorenza Escudero
- Department of Surface Engineering, Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM), CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cristina García Alonso
- Department of Surface Engineering, Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM), CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kämmerer TA, Palarie V, Schiegnitz E, Topalo V, Schröter A, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. A biphasic calcium phosphate coating for potential drug delivery affects early osseointegration of titanium implants. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:61-66. [PMID: 27272434 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium phosphate (CaP) surface coatings may accelerate osseointegration and serve as a drug delivery system for mineral-binding biomolecules. In a pilot study, the impact of a commercially available, thin CaP coating on early osseous bone remodeling was compared with a modern, subtractive-treated rough surface (SLA-like) in an animal trial. METHODS In 16 rabbits, 32 endosseous implants (CaP; n = 16, SLA-like; n = 16) were bilaterally inserted in the proximal tibia after randomization. After 2 and 4 weeks, bone-implant contact (BIC;%) in the cortical (cBIC) and the trabecular bone (sBIC) as well as volume of bone within the screw thread with the highest amount of new-formed bone (area;%) were analyzed. RESULTS After 2 weeks, cBIC was significantly higher for CaP when compared with SLA-like (58 ± 7% versus 40.4 ± 18%; P = 0.021). sBIC for CaP was 14.7 ± 8% and for SLA-like 7.2 ± 7.8% (P = 0.081). For area, the mean volumes were 82.8 ± 10.8% for CaP and 73.6 ± 22% for SLA-like (P = 0.311). After 4 weeks, cBIC was 42.9 ± 13% for the CaP and 46.5 ± 29.1% for the SLA-like group (P = 0.775). An sBIC of 6.9 ± 9.3% was calculated for CaP and of 12.3 ± 4.8% for SLA-like (P = 0.202). The values for area were 62.3 ± 24.1% for CaP and 50.1 ± 25.9% for SLA-like (P = 0.379). CONCLUSIONS The CaP coating has putative additional advantages in the early osseoconduction phases. It seems suitable for a feasible and clinical applicable bioactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till A Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Victor Palarie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "N. Testemitanu", Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Valentin Topalo
- Clinic for Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "N. Testemitanu", Chisinau, Moldova
| | | | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar VV, Heller M, Götz H, Schiegnitz E, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. Comparison of growth & function of endothelial progenitor cells cultured on deproteinized bovine bone modified with covalently bound fibronectin and bound vascular endothelial growth factor. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:543-550. [PMID: 26992449 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess and compare the growth and function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) cultured on covalently bonded Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and covalently bonded Fibronectin (FN) coating on deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) (test samples), compared to non-modified DBB blocks (control sample). MATERIALS AND METHODS The test samples were prepared by plasma polymerization of allylamine onto DBB blocks. Group1 of test samples were prepared with VEGF coating (VEGF-DBB) where as the Group2 test samples were coated with FN (FN-DBB). Non-modified DBB blocks served as a Control. EPCs were isolated and cultivated from buffy coats of peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and cultivated in the different samples and examined at time intervals of 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days. Evaluation of growth by cell count and cell morphology was done using Confocal Laser Scanning Electron Microscopy; vitality and function of cells was assessed using MTT assay and RT-PCR and ELISA for eNOS and iNOS respectively. RESULTS The results of the study show that both VEGF and FN could be successfully immobilized by plasma polymerization onto a complex, porous, three-dimensional structure of DBB. When comparing vital cell coverage, proliferation and function of EPCs, FN-DBB provided more positive values followed by VEGF-DBB as compared to DBB samples. eNOS level were significant higher in VEGF-DBB and FN-DBB when compared to DBB (P = 0.019 and P = 0.002). The difference between VEGF-DBB and FN-DBB was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Biomimetic coatings of Fibronectin may clinically relate to faster angiogenesis and earlier healing potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay V Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Rostock University, Rostock, Germany.,Head and Neck Institute, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center and Center for Translational Research, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Martin Heller
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann Götz
- Department of Applied Structure and Microanalysis, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Rostock University, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kämmerer PW, Schiegnitz E, Palarie V, Dau M, Frerich B, Al-Nawas B. Influence of platelet-derived growth factor on osseous remodeling properties of a variable-thread tapered dental implant in vivo. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:201-206. [PMID: 26771071 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) on the promotion of osteogenesis around variable-thread tapered implants in an animal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four variable-thread tapered implants were inserted in the tibia of 12 rabbits. Twelve sites received additional rhPDGF-BB released from a presoaked xenogenic bone block that was fixed supracrestally. Primary outcomes were bone-to-implant contact (BIC; in % ± SD) and percentage of medullary bone fill around the implants (PMF; in % ± SD) after 3 weeks (PDGF n = 6, no PDGF n = 6) and 6 weeks (PDGF n = 6, no PDGF n = 6). RESULTS Considerable crestal and medullary bone remodeling could be found around all implants. After 3 weeks, both BIC and PMF values were higher in the no PDGF group (BIC: 63% ± 10 with PDGF vs. 85% ± 5 with no PDGF; PMF: 57% ± 10 with PDGF vs. 74% ± 4 with no PDGF). After 6 weeks, the BIC difference between the two groups was less distinct (BIC: 78% ± 17 with PDGF vs. 72% ± 25 with no PDGF), whereas the PDGF group showed higher PMF values (PMF: 77% ± 5 with PDGF vs. 56% ± 10 with no PDGF). CONCLUSIONS The addition of rhPDGF-BB decreases early osseous crestal and medullar healing properties around dental implants. In a later phase, an increase in the cortical area as well as an increased medullar bone formation was seen. This response is likely to provide stronger secondary stability and stability in suboptimal situations involving poor-quality bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Victor Palarie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology, "A. Gutan" of the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "N. Testemitanu,", Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Michael Dau
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernhard Frerich
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|