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Johnson M, Chelysheva I, Öner D, McGinley J, Lin GL, O'Connor D, Robinson H, Drysdale SB, Gammin E, Vernon S, Muller J, Wolfenden H, Westcar S, Anguvaa L, Thwaites RS, Bont L, Wildenbeest J, Martinón-Torres F, Aerssens J, Openshaw PJM, Pollard AJ. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Severity in Infants. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S112-S119. [PMID: 38271230 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most children experience at least one 1 RSV infection by the age of two 2 years, but not all develop severe disease. However, the understanding of genetic risk factors for severe RSV is incomplete. Consequently, we conducted a genome-wide association study of RSV severity. METHODS Disease severity was assessed by the ReSVinet scale, in a cohort of 251 infants aged 1 week to 1 year. Genotyping data were collected from multiple European study sites as part of the RESCEU Consortium. Linear regression models were used to assess the impact of genotype on RSV severity and gene expression as measured by microarray. RESULTS While no SNPs reached the genome-wide statistical significance threshold (P < 5 × 10-8), we identified 816 candidate SNPs with a P-value of <1 × 10-4. Functional annotation of candidate SNPs highlighted genes relevant to neutrophil trafficking and cytoskeletal functions, including LSP1 and RAB27A. Moreover, SNPs within the RAB27A locus significantly altered gene expression (false discovery rate, FDR P < .05). CONCLUSIONS These findings may provide insights into genetic mechanisms driving severe RSV infection, offering biologically relevant information for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Johnson
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Chelysheva
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Deniz Öner
- Biomarkers Infectious Diseases, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Joseph McGinley
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Gu-Lung Lin
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel O'Connor
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Simon B Drysdale
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Gammin
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Vernon
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Muller
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Ryan S Thwaites
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Bont
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joanne Wildenbeest
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeroen Aerssens
- Biomarkers Infectious Diseases, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Peter J M Openshaw
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
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2
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Erol ÖD, Şenocak Ş, Aerts-Kaya F. The Role of Rab GTPases in the development of genetic and malignant diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:255-281. [PMID: 37060515 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Small GTPases have been shown to play an important role in several cellular functions, including cytoskeletal remodeling, cell polarity, intracellular trafficking, cell-cycle, progression and lipid transformation. The Ras-associated binding (Rab) family of GTPases constitutes the largest family of GTPases and consists of almost 70 known members of small GTPases in humans, which are known to play an important role in the regulation of intracellular membrane trafficking, membrane identity, vesicle budding, uncoating, motility and fusion of membranes. Mutations in Rab genes can cause a wide range of inherited genetic diseases, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) to immune dysregulation/deficiency syndromes, like Griscelli Syndrome Type II (GS-II) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), as well as a variety of cancers. Here, we provide an extended overview of human Rabs, discussing their function and diseases related to Rabs and Rab effectors, as well as focusing on effects of (aberrant) Rab expression. We aim to underline their importance in health and the development of genetic and malignant diseases by assessing their role in cellular structure, regulation, function and biology and discuss the possible use of stem cell gene therapy, as well as targeting of Rabs in order to treat malignancies, but also to monitor recurrence of cancer and metastasis through the use of Rabs as biomarkers. Future research should shed further light on the roles of Rabs in the development of multifactorial diseases, such as diabetes and assess Rabs as a possible treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Doğuş Erol
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
- Hacettepe University Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şimal Şenocak
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
- Hacettepe University Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatima Aerts-Kaya
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
- Hacettepe University Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Liu W, Cronin CG, Cao Z, Wang C, Ruan J, Pulikkot S, Hall A, Sun H, Groisman A, Chen Y, Vella AT, Hu L, Liang BT, Fan Z. Nexinhib20 Inhibits Neutrophil Adhesion and β 2 Integrin Activation by Antagonizing Rac-1-Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate Interaction. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1574-1585. [PMID: 36165184 PMCID: PMC9529951 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are critical for mediating inflammatory responses. Inhibiting neutrophil recruitment is an attractive approach for preventing inflammatory injuries, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which exacerbates cardiomyocyte death after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we found out that a neutrophil exocytosis inhibitor Nexinhib20 inhibits not only exocytosis but also neutrophil adhesion by limiting β2 integrin activation. Using a microfluidic chamber, we found that Nexinhib20 inhibited IL-8-induced β2 integrin-dependent human neutrophil adhesion under flow. Using a dynamic flow cytometry assay, we discovered that Nexinhib20 suppresses intracellular calcium flux and β2 integrin activation after IL-8 stimulation. Western blots of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac-1)-GTP pull-down assays confirmed that Nexinhib20 inhibited Rac-1 activation in leukocytes. An in vitro competition assay showed that Nexinhib20 antagonized the binding of Rac-1 and GTP. Using a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury, Nexinhib20 administration after ischemia and before reperfusion significantly decreased neutrophil recruitment and infarct size. Our results highlight the translational potential of Nexinhib20 as a dual-functional neutrophil inhibitory drug to prevent myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Chunxia G Cronin
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Ziming Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Jianbin Ruan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Sunitha Pulikkot
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Alexxus Hall
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alex Groisman
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Anthony T Vella
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Liang Hu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Bruce T Liang
- Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT;
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT;
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA
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4
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Schimke LF, Marques AHC, Baiocchi GC, de Souza Prado CA, Fonseca DLM, Freire PP, Rodrigues Plaça D, Salerno Filgueiras I, Coelho Salgado R, Jansen-Marques G, Rocha Oliveira AE, Peron JPS, Cabral-Miranda G, Barbuto JAM, Camara NOS, Calich VLG, Ochs HD, Condino-Neto A, Overmyer KA, Coon JJ, Balnis J, Jaitovich A, Schulte-Schrepping J, Ulas T, Schultze JL, Nakaya HI, Jurisica I, Cabral-Marques O. Severe COVID-19 Shares a Common Neutrophil Activation Signature with Other Acute Inflammatory States. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050847. [PMID: 35269470 PMCID: PMC8909161 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 patients present a clinical and laboratory overlap with other hyperinflammatory conditions such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the underlying mechanisms of these conditions remain to be explored. Here, we investigated the transcriptome of 1596 individuals, including patients with COVID-19 in comparison to healthy controls, other acute inflammatory states (HLH, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children [MIS-C], Kawasaki disease [KD]), and different respiratory infections (seasonal coronavirus, influenza, bacterial pneumonia). We observed that COVID-19 and HLH share immunological pathways (cytokine/chemokine signaling and neutrophil-mediated immune responses), including gene signatures that stratify COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and COVID-19_nonICU patients. Of note, among the common differentially expressed genes (DEG), there is a cluster of neutrophil-associated genes that reflects a generalized hyperinflammatory state since it is also dysregulated in patients with KD and bacterial pneumonia. These genes are dysregulated at the protein level across several COVID-19 studies and form an interconnected network with differentially expressed plasma proteins that point to neutrophil hyperactivation in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. scRNAseq analysis indicated that these genes are specifically upregulated across different leukocyte populations, including lymphocyte subsets and immature neutrophils. Artificial intelligence modeling confirmed the strong association of these genes with COVID-19 severity. Thus, our work indicates putative therapeutic pathways for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena F. Schimke
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.S.); (O.C.-M.); Tel.: +55-11-943661555 (L.F.S.); +55-11-974642022 (O.C.-M.)
| | - Alexandre H. C. Marques
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Gabriela Crispim Baiocchi
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Caroline Aliane de Souza Prado
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
| | - Dennyson Leandro M. Fonseca
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Desirée Rodrigues Plaça
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
| | - Igor Salerno Filgueiras
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Ranieri Coelho Salgado
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Gabriel Jansen-Marques
- Information Systems, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil;
| | - Antonio Edson Rocha Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
| | - Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - José Alexandre Marzagão Barbuto
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis, Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Vera Lúcia Garcia Calich
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Hans D. Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98101, USA;
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
| | - Katherine A. Overmyer
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; (K.A.O.); (J.J.C.)
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
| | - Joshua J. Coon
- National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53562, USA; (K.A.O.); (J.J.C.)
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53562, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53506, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53506, USA
| | - Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.B.); (A.J.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.B.); (A.J.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Jonas Schulte-Schrepping
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.S.-S.); (J.L.S.)
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L. Schultze
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.S.-S.); (J.L.S.)
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Helder I. Nakaya
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
- Scientific Platform Pasteur, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-020, Brazil
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada;
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Otávio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.H.C.M.); (G.C.B.); (P.P.F.); (I.S.F.); (R.C.S.); (J.P.S.P.); (G.C.-M.); (J.A.M.B.); (N.O.S.C.); (V.L.G.C.); (A.C.-N.)
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (C.A.d.S.P.); (D.L.M.F.); (D.R.P.); (A.E.R.O.); (H.I.N.)
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (L.F.S.); (O.C.-M.); Tel.: +55-11-943661555 (L.F.S.); +55-11-974642022 (O.C.-M.)
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5
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Ding J, Hostallero DE, El Khili MR, Fonseca GJ, Milette S, Noorah N, Guay-Belzile M, Spicer J, Daneshtalab N, Sirois M, Tremblay K, Emad A, Rousseau S. A network-informed analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis genes' interactions points to Neutrophil extracellular traps as mediators of thrombosis in COVID-19. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008810. [PMID: 33684134 PMCID: PMC7971900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal coagulation and an increased risk of thrombosis are features of severe COVID-19, with parallels proposed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a life-threating condition associated with hyperinflammation. The presence of HLH was described in severely ill patients during the H1N1 influenza epidemic, presenting with pulmonary vascular thrombosis. We tested the hypothesis that genes causing primary HLH regulate pathways linking pulmonary thromboembolism to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 using novel network-informed computational algorithms. This approach led to the identification of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps (NETs) as plausible mediators of vascular thrombosis in severe COVID-19 in children and adults. Taken together, the network-informed analysis led us to propose the following model: the release of NETs in response to inflammatory signals acting in concert with SARS-CoV-2 damage the endothelium and direct platelet-activation promoting abnormal coagulation leading to serious complications of COVID-19. The underlying hypothesis is that genetic and/or environmental conditions that favor the release of NETs may predispose individuals to thrombotic complications of COVID-19 due to an increase risk of abnormal coagulation. This would be a common pathogenic mechanism in conditions including autoimmune/infectious diseases, hematologic and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ding
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Meakins-Christie Laboratories at the Research Institute of the McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - David Earl Hostallero
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mohamed Reda El Khili
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Gregory Joseph Fonseca
- The Meakins-Christie Laboratories at the Research Institute of the McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Simon Milette
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nuzha Noorah
- The Meakins-Christie Laboratories at the Research Institute of the McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Myriam Guay-Belzile
- The Meakins-Christie Laboratories at the Research Institute of the McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Spicer
- Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Noriko Daneshtalab
- School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Martin Sirois
- Montreal Heart Institute and Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Karine Tremblay
- Pharmacology-physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Chicoutimi University Hospital) Research Center, Saguenay, Canada
| | - Amin Emad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- The Meakins-Christie Laboratories at the Research Institute of the McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Canada
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6
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Luo Y, Yu MH, Yan YR, Zhou Y, Qin SL, Huang YZ, Qin J, Zhong M. Rab27A promotes cellular apoptosis and ROS production by regulating the miRNA-124-3p/STAT3/RelA signalling pathway in ulcerative colitis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11330-11342. [PMID: 32815642 PMCID: PMC7576264 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that the mechanism of UC pathogenesis is associated with excessive cellular apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, their function and molecular mechanisms related to UC remain unknown. In this study, Rab27A mRNA and protein were proven to be overexpressed in intestinal epithelial cells of UC patients and DSS‐induced colitis mice, compared with control (P < 0.05). And Rab27A silencing inhibits inflammatory process in DSS‐induced colitis mice (P < 0.05). Then, it was shown that knockdown of Rab27A suppressed apoptosis and ROS production through modulation of miR‐124‐3p, whereas overexpression of Rab27A promoted apoptosis and ROS production in LPS‑induced colonic cells. In addition, enhanced expression of miR‐124‐3p attenuated apoptosis and ROS production by targeting regulation of STAT3 in LPS‑induced colonic cells. Mechanistically, we found Rab27A reduced the expression and activity of miR‐124‐3p to activate STAT3/RelA signalling pathway and promote apoptosis and ROS production in LPS‑induced colonic cells, whereas overexpression of miR‐124‐3p abrogated these effects of Rab27A. More importantly, animal experiments illustrated that ectopic expression of Rab27A promoted the inflammatory process, whereas overexpression of miR‐124‐3p might interfere with the inflammatory effect in DSS‐induced colitis mice. In summary, Rab27A might modulate the miR‐124‐3p/STAT3/RelA axis to promote apoptosis and ROS production in inflammatory colonic cells, suggesting that Rab27A as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min-Hao Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ru Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Lan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Zhou Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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7
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Rab27a Contributes to the Processing of Inflammatory Pain in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061488. [PMID: 32570938 PMCID: PMC7349490 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue injury and inflammation may result in chronic pain, a severe debilitating disease that is associated with great impairment of quality of life. An increasing body of evidence indicates that members of the Rab family of small GTPases contribute to pain processing; however, their specific functions remain poorly understood. Here, we found using immunofluorescence staining and in situ hybridization that the small GTPase Rab27a is highly expressed in sensory neurons and in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord of mice. Rab27a mutant mice, which carry a single-nucleotide missense mutation of Rab27a leading to the expression of a nonfunctional protein, show reduced mechanical hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain behavior in inflammatory pain models, while their responses to acute noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli is not affected. Our study uncovers a previously unrecognized function of Rab27a in the processing of persistent inflammatory pain in mice.
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8
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Masgrau-Alsina S, Sperandio M, Rohwedder I. Neutrophil recruitment and intracellular vesicle transport: A short overview. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13237. [PMID: 32289185 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment of neutrophils from the intravascular compartment into injured tissue is an essential component of the inflammatory response. It involves intracellular trafficking of vesicles within neutrophils and endothelial cells, both containing numerous proteins that have to be distributed in a tightly controlled and precise spatiotemporal fashion during the recruitment process. Rab proteins, a family of small GTPases, together with their effectors, are the key players in guiding and regulating the intracellular vesicle trafficking machinery during neutrophil recruitment. This review will provide a short overview on this process and highlight new findings as well as current controversies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Masgrau-Alsina
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ina Rohwedder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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9
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Catz SD, McLeish KR. Therapeutic targeting of neutrophil exocytosis. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:393-408. [PMID: 31990103 PMCID: PMC7044074 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ri0120-645r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of neutrophil activation causes disease in humans. Neither global inhibition of neutrophil functions nor neutrophil depletion provides safe and/or effective therapeutic approaches. The role of neutrophil granule exocytosis in multiple steps leading to recruitment and cell injury led each of our laboratories to develop molecular inhibitors that interfere with specific molecular regulators of secretion. This review summarizes neutrophil granule formation and contents, the role granule cargo plays in neutrophil functional responses and neutrophil-mediated diseases, and the mechanisms of granule release that provide the rationale for development of our exocytosis inhibitors. We present evidence for the inhibition of granule exocytosis in vitro and in vivo by those inhibitors and summarize animal data indicating that inhibition of neutrophil exocytosis is a viable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio D. Catz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kenneth R. McLeish
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
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10
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Rohwedder I, Kurz ARM, Pruenster M, Immler R, Pick R, Eggersmann T, Klapproth S, Johnson JL, Alsina SM, Lowell CA, Mócsai A, Catz SD, Sperandio M. Src family kinase-mediated vesicle trafficking is critical for neutrophil basement membrane penetration. Haematologica 2019; 105:1845-1856. [PMID: 31699792 PMCID: PMC7327629 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.225722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment into inflamed tissue is highly dependent on the activation and binding of integrins to their respective ligands, followed by the induction of various signaling events within the cell referred to as outside-in signaling. Src family kinases (SFK) are the central players in the outside-in signaling process, assigning them a critical role for proper immune cell function. Our study investigated the role of SFK on neutrophil recruitment in vivo using Hck−/- Fgr−/- Lyn−/- mice, which lack SFK expressed in neutrophils. We show that loss of SFK strongly reduces neutrophil adhesion and post-arrest modifications in a shear force dependent manner. Additionally, we found that in the absence of SFK, neutrophils display impaired Rab27a-dependent surface mobilization of neutrophil elastase, VLA3 and VLA6 containing vesicles. This results in a defect in neutrophil vascular basement membrane penetration and thus strongly impaired extravasation. Taken together, we demonstrate that SFK play a role in neutrophil post-arrest modifications and extravasation during acute inflammation. These findings may support the current efforts to use SFK-inhibitors in inflammatory diseases with unwanted neutrophil recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Rohwedder
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Angela R M Kurz
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Monika Pruenster
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Roland Immler
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Robert Pick
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tanja Eggersmann
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sarah Klapproth
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jennifer L Johnson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sergi Masgrau Alsina
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sergio D Catz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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11
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Konwar C, Price EM, Wang LQ, Wilson SL, Terry J, Robinson WP. DNA methylation profiling of acute chorioamnionitis-associated placentas and fetal membranes: insights into epigenetic variation in spontaneous preterm births. Epigenetics Chromatin 2018; 11:63. [PMID: 30373633 PMCID: PMC6205793 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-018-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental inflammation, often presenting as acute chorioamnionitis (aCA), is commonly associated with preterm birth. Preterm birth can have both immediate and long-term adverse effects on the health of the baby. Developing biomarkers of inflammation in the placenta can help to understand its effects and potentially lead to new approaches for rapid prenatal diagnosis of aCA. We aimed to characterize epigenetic variation associated with aCA in placenta (chorionic villi) and fetal membranes (chorion and amnion) to better understand how aCA may impact processes that lead to preterm birth. This study lays the groundwork for development of novel biomarkers for aCA. METHODS Samples from 44 preterm placentas (chorionic villi) as well as matched chorion and amnion for 16 of these cases were collected for this study. These samples were profiled using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation850 BeadChip to measure DNA methylation (DNAm) at 866,895 CpGs across the genome. An additional 78 placental samples were utilized to independently validate the array findings by pyrosequencing. RESULTS Using a false discovery rate of < 0.15 and average group difference in DNAm of > 0.05, 66 differentially methylated (DM) CpG sites were identified between aCA cases and non-aCA cases in chorionic villi. For the majority of these 66 DM CpGs, the DNAm profile of the aCA cases as compared to the non-aCA cases trended in the direction of the blood cell DNAm. Interestingly, neutrophil-specific DNAm signatures, but not those associated with other immune cell types, were capable of separating aCA cases from the non-aCA cases. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that aCA-associated placentas showed altered DNAm signatures that were not observed in the absence of aCA. This DNAm profile is consistent with the activation of the innate immune response in the placenta and/or reflect increase in neutrophils as a response to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaini Konwar
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - E. Magda Price
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Li Qing Wang
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Samantha L. Wilson
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Jefferson Terry
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Pathology, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Wendy P. Robinson
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
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12
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Diedrichs-Möhring M, Kaufmann U, Wildner G. The immunopathogenesis of chronic and relapsing autoimmune uveitis – Lessons from experimental rat models. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 65:107-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Kurz ARM, Catz SD, Sperandio M. Noncanonical Hippo Signalling in the Regulation of Leukocyte Function. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:656-669. [PMID: 29954663 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian sterile 20-like (MST) kinases are central constituents of the evolutionary ancient canonical Hippo pathway regulating cell proliferation and survival. However, perhaps surprisingly, MST1 deficiency in human patients leads to a severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome with features of autoimmune disease. In line with this, Mst1-deficient mice exhibit severe defects in lymphocyte and neutrophil functions as well as disturbed intracellular vesicle transport. These findings spurred research on the noncanonical functions of MST1 in leukocytes. Here, we summarise the latest findings on this topic and discuss MST1 as a critical regulator of various leukocyte functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R M Kurz
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, BMC, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Germany; The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sergio D Catz
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, BMC, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Germany; DZHK Munich, Germany.
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14
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Neutrophil programming dynamics and its disease relevance. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:1168-1177. [PMID: 28971361 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are traditionally considered as first responders to infection and provide antimicrobial host defense. However, recent advances indicate that neutrophils are also critically involved in the modulation of host immune environments by dynamically adopting distinct functional states. Functionally diverse neutrophil subsets are increasingly recognized as critical components mediating host pathophysiology. Despite its emerging significance, molecular mechanisms as well as functional relevance of dynamically programmed neutrophils remain to be better defined. The increasing complexity of neutrophil functions may require integrative studies that address programming dynamics of neutrophils and their pathophysiological relevance. This review aims to provide an update on the emerging topics of neutrophil programming dynamics as well as their functional relevance in diseases.
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15
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Prashar A, Schnettger L, Bernard EM, Gutierrez MG. Rab GTPases in Immunity and Inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:435. [PMID: 29034219 PMCID: PMC5627064 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Strict spatiotemporal control of trafficking events between organelles is critical for maintaining homeostasis and directing cellular responses. This regulation is particularly important in immune cells for mounting specialized immune defenses. By controlling the formation, transport and fusion of intracellular organelles, Rab GTPases serve as master regulators of membrane trafficking. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which Rab GTPases regulate immunity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maximiliano G. Gutierrez
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Ramadass M, Catz SD. Molecular mechanisms regulating secretory organelles and endosomes in neutrophils and their implications for inflammation. Immunol Rev 2017; 273:249-65. [PMID: 27558339 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the first line of cellular defense against invading microorganisms and modulate the subsequent innate and adaptive immune responses. In order to execute a rapid and precise response to infections, neutrophils rely on preformed effector molecules stored in a variety of intracellular granules. Neutrophil granules contain microbicidal factors, the membrane-bound components of the respiratory burst oxidase, membrane-bound adhesion molecules, and receptors that facilitate the execution of all neutrophil functions including adhesion, transmigration, phagocytosis, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. The rapid mobilization of intracellular organelles is regulated by vesicular trafficking mechanisms controlled by effector molecules that include small GTPases and their interacting proteins. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries of mechanistic processes that are at center stage of the regulation of neutrophil function, highlighting the discrete and selective pathways controlled by trafficking modulators. In particular, we describe novel pathways controlled by the Rab27a effectors JFC1 and Munc13-4 in the regulation of degranulation, reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular trap production, and endolysosomal signaling. Finally, we discuss the importance of understanding these molecular mechanisms in order to design novel approaches to modulate neutrophil-mediated inflammatory processes in a targeted fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ramadass
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sergio D Catz
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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17
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Smith VL, Cheng Y, Bryant BR, Schorey JS. Exosomes function in antigen presentation during an in vivo Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43578. [PMID: 28262829 PMCID: PMC5338015 DOI: 10.1038/srep43578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages and dendritic cells are limited in their ability to present antigen to CD4+ T cells suggesting that other mechanism of antigen presentation are driving the robust T cell response observed during an M. tuberculosis infection. These mechanisms could include antigens present in apoptotic bodies, necrotic debris, exosomes or even release of non-vesicular antigen from infected cells. However, there is limited data to support any of these mechanisms as important in driving T cell activation in vivo. In the present study we use Rab27a-deficient mice which show diminished trafficking of mycobacterial components to exosomes as well as M. tuberculosis strains that express recombinant proteins which traffic or fail to traffic to exosomes. We observed that exosomes released during a mouse M. tuberculosis infection contribute significantly to its T cell response. These finding imply that exosomes function to promote T cell immunity during a bacterial infection and are an important source of extracellular antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Barry R Bryant
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Schorey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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18
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MicroRNA-134-3p is a novel potential inhibitor of human ovarian cancer stem cells by targeting RAB27A. Gene 2017; 605:99-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Filifactor alocis Promotes Neutrophil Degranulation and Chemotactic Activity. Infect Immun 2016; 84:3423-3433. [PMID: 27647870 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00496-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Filifactor alocis is a recently recognized periodontal pathogen; however, little is known regarding its interactions with the immune system. As the first-responder phagocytic cells, neutrophils are recruited in large numbers to the periodontal pocket, where they play a crucial role in the innate defense of the periodontium. Thus, in order to colonize, successful periodontal pathogens must devise means to interfere with neutrophil chemotaxis and activation. In this study, we assessed major neutrophil functions, including degranulation and cell migration, associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway upon challenge with F. alocis. Under conditions lacking a chemotactic gradient, F. alocis-challenged neutrophils had increased migration compared to uninfected cells, indicating that F. alocis increases chemokinesis in human neutrophils. In addition, neutrophil chemotaxis induced by interleukin-8 was significantly enhanced when cells were challenged with F. alocis, compared to noninfected cells. Similar to live bacteria, heat-killed F. alocis induced both random and directed migration of human neutrophils. The interaction of F. alocis with Toll-like receptor 2 induced granule exocytosis along with a transient ERK1/2 and sustained p38 MAPK activation. Moreover, F. alocis-induced secretory vesicle and specific granule exocytosis were p38 MAPK dependent. Blocking neutrophil degranulation with TAT-SNAP23 fusion protein significantly reduced the chemotactic and random migration induced by F. alocis Therefore, we propose that induction of random migration by F. alocis will prolong neutrophil traffic time in the gingival tissue, and subsequent degranulation will contribute to tissue damage.
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20
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Kurz ARM, Pruenster M, Rohwedder I, Ramadass M, Schäfer K, Harrison U, Gouveia G, Nussbaum C, Immler R, Wiessner JR, Margraf A, Lim DS, Walzog B, Dietzel S, Moser M, Klein C, Vestweber D, Haas R, Catz SD, Sperandio M. MST1-dependent vesicle trafficking regulates neutrophil transmigration through the vascular basement membrane. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4125-4139. [PMID: 27701149 DOI: 10.1172/jci87043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils need to penetrate the perivascular basement membrane for successful extravasation into inflamed tissue, but this process is incompletely understood. Recent findings have associated mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) loss of function with a human primary immunodeficiency disorder, suggesting that MST1 may be involved in immune cell migration. Here, we have shown that MST1 is a critical regulator of neutrophil extravasation during inflammation. Mst1-deficient (Mst1-/-) neutrophils were unable to migrate into inflamed murine cremaster muscle venules, instead persisting between the endothelium and the basement membrane. Mst1-/- neutrophils also failed to extravasate from gastric submucosal vessels in a murine model of Helicobacter pylori infection. Mechanistically, we observed defective translocation of VLA-3, VLA-6, and neutrophil elastase from intracellular vesicles to the surface of Mst1-/- neutrophils, indicating that MST1 is required for this crucial step in neutrophil transmigration. Furthermore, we found that MST1 associates with the Rab27 effector protein synaptotagmin-like protein 1 (JFC1, encoded by Sytl1 in mice), but not Munc13-4, thereby regulating the trafficking of Rab27-positive vesicles to the cellular membrane. Together, these findings highlight a role for MST1 in vesicle trafficking and extravasation in neutrophils, providing an additional mechanistic explanation for the severe immune defect observed in patients with MST1 deficiency.
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21
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Johnson JL, Ramadass M, He J, Brown SJ, Zhang J, Abgaryan L, Biris N, Gavathiotis E, Rosen H, Catz SD. Identification of Neutrophil Exocytosis Inhibitors (Nexinhibs), Small Molecule Inhibitors of Neutrophil Exocytosis and Inflammation: DRUGGABILITY OF THE SMALL GTPase Rab27a. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25965-25982. [PMID: 27702998 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.741884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the first line of cellular defense in response to bacterial and fungal infections and rely on granular proteins to kill microorganisms, but uncontrolled secretion of neutrophil cargos is injurious to the host and should be closely regulated. Thus, increased plasma levels of neutrophil secretory proteins, including myeloperoxidase and elastase, are associated with tissue damage and are hallmarks of systemic inflammation. Here, we describe a novel high-throughput screening approach to identify small molecule inhibitors of the interaction between the small GTPase Rab27a and its effector JFC1, two central regulators of neutrophil exocytosis. Using this assay, we have identified small molecule inhibitors of Rab27a-JFC1 binding that were also active in cell-based neutrophil-specific exocytosis assays, demonstrating the druggability of Rab GTPases and their effectors. These compounds, named Nexinhibs (neutrophil exocytosis inhibitors), inhibit exocytosis of azurophilic granules in human neutrophils without affecting other important innate immune responses, including phagocytosis and neutrophil extracellular trap production. Furthermore, the compounds are reversible and potent inhibitors of the extracellular production of superoxide anion by preventing the up-regulation of the granule membrane-associated subunit of the NADPH oxidase at the plasma membrane. Nexinhibs also inhibit the up-regulation of activation signature molecules, including the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD66b. Importantly, by using a mouse model of endotoxin-induced systemic inflammation, we show that these inhibitors have significant activity in vivo manifested by decreased plasma levels of neutrophil secretory proteins and significantly decreased tissue infiltration by inflammatory neutrophils. Altogether, our data present the first neutrophil exocytosis-specific inhibitor with in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, supporting its potential use as an inhibitor of systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing He
- From the Departments of Molecular and Experimental Medicine and
| | - Steven J Brown
- Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- From the Departments of Molecular and Experimental Medicine and
| | - Lusine Abgaryan
- Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Nikolaos Biris
- the Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- the Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Sergio D Catz
- From the Departments of Molecular and Experimental Medicine and
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Abstract
Many cells of the myeloid lineage use an unusual secretory organelle to deliver their effector mechanisms. In these cells, the lysosomal compartment is often modified not only to fulfill the degradative functions of a lysosome but also as a mechanism for secreting additional proteins that are found in the lysosomes of each specialized cell type. These extra proteins vary from one cell type to another according to the specialized function of the cell. For example, mast cells package histamine; cytotoxic T cells express perforin; azurophilic granules in neutrophils express antimicrobial peptides, and platelets von Willebrand factor. Upon release, these very different proteins can trigger inflammation, cell lysis, microbial death, and clotting, respectively, and hence deliver the very different effector mechanisms of these different myeloid cells.
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23
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Lipkin E, Strillacci MG, Eitam H, Yishay M, Schiavini F, Soller M, Bagnato A, Shabtay A. The Use of Kosher Phenotyping for Mapping QTL Affecting Susceptibility to Bovine Respiratory Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153423. [PMID: 27077383 PMCID: PMC4831767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in feedlot cattle, caused by multiple pathogens that become more virulent in response to stress. As clinical signs often go undetected and various preventive strategies failed, identification of genes affecting BRD is essential for selection for resistance. Selective DNA pooling (SDP) was applied in a genome wide association study (GWAS) to map BRD QTLs in Israeli Holstein male calves. Kosher scoring of lung adhesions was used to allocate 122 and 62 animals to High (Glatt Kosher) and Low (Non-Kosher) resistant groups, respectively. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina BovineHD BeadChip according to the Infinium protocol. Moving average of -logP was used to map QTLs and Log drop was used to define their boundaries (QTLRs). The combined procedure was efficient for high resolution mapping. Nineteen QTLRs distributed over 13 autosomes were found, some overlapping previous studies. The QTLRs contain polymorphic functional and expression candidate genes to affect kosher status, with putative immunological and wound healing activities. Kosher phenotyping was shown to be a reliable means to map QTLs affecting BRD morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Lipkin
- Department of Genetics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Harel Eitam
- Department of Ruminant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - Moran Yishay
- Department of Ruminant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | | | - Morris Soller
- Department of Genetics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Ariel Shabtay
- Department of Ruminant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet-Dagan, Israel
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24
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Taylor PR, Roy S, Meszaros EC, Sun Y, Howell SJ, Malemud CJ, Pearlman E. JAK/STAT regulation of Aspergillus fumigatus corneal infections and IL-6/23-stimulated neutrophil, IL-17, elastase, and MMP9 activity. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:213-22. [PMID: 27034404 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a1015-483r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-6 and IL-23 (IL-6/23) induce IL-17A (IL-17) production by a subpopulation of murine and human neutrophils, resulting in autocrine IL-17 activation, enhanced production of reactive oxygen species, and increased fungal killing. As IL-6 and IL-23 receptors trigger JAK1, -3/STAT3 and JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation, respectively, we examined the role of this pathway in a murine model of fungal keratitis and also examined neutrophil elastase and gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase 9) activity by IL-6/23-stimulated human neutrophils in vitro. We found that STAT3 phosphorylation of neutrophils in Aspergillus fumigatus-infected corne as was inhibited by the JAK/STAT inhibitor Ruxolitinib, resulting in impaired fungal killing and decreased matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity. In vitro, we showed that fungal killing by IL-6/23-stimulated human peripheral blood neutrophils was impaired by JAK/STAT inhibitors Ruxolitinib and Stattic, and by the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt inhibitor SR1001. This was also associated with decreased reactive oxygen species, IL-17A production, and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt translocation to the nucleus. We also demonstrate that IL-6/23-activated neutrophils exhibit increased elastase and gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase 9) activity, which is inhibited by Ruxolitinib and Stattic but not by SR1001. Taken together, these observations indicate that the regulation of activity of IL-17-producing neutrophils by JAK/STAT inhibitors impairs reactive oxygen species production and fungal killing activity but also blocks elastase and gelatinase activity that can cause tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Taylor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; and
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; and
| | - Evan C Meszaros
- School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; and
| | - Scott J Howell
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; and
| | - Charles J Malemud
- School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric Pearlman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; and
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25
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Su WF, Gu Y, Wei ZY, Shen YT, Jin ZH, Yuan Y, Gu XS, Chen G. Rab27a/Slp2-a complex is involved in Schwann cell myelination. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1830-1838. [PMID: 28123429 PMCID: PMC5204241 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.194755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelination of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system is an intricate process involving myelin protein trafficking. Recently, the role and mechanism of the endosomal/lysosomal system in myelin formation were emphasized. Our previous results demonstrated that a small GTPase Rab27a regulates lysosomal exocytosis and myelin protein trafficking in Schwann cells. In this present study, we established a dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron and Schwann cell co-culture model to identify the signals associated with Rab27a during myelination. First, Slp2-a, as the Rab27a effector, was endogenously expressed in Schwann cells. Second, Rab27a expression significantly increased during Schwann cell myelination. Finally, Rab27a and Slp2-a silencing in Schwann cells not only reduced myelin protein expression, but also impaired formation of myelin-like membranes in DRG neuron and Schwann cell co-cultures. Our findings suggest that the Rab27a/Slp2-a complex affects Schwann cell myelination in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong-Ya Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun-Tian Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Han Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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