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Abrego-Guandique DM, Ilori OA, Caroleo MC, Cannataro R, Cione E, Tucci P. Differential Digestive Stability of Food-Derived microRNAs: The Case of miR-30c-5p and miR-92a-3p in Polyfloral Honey. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7473-7485. [PMID: 39057084 PMCID: PMC11276035 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary microRNAs (miRs) represent a new area in food science. Although they have been found in many foods, including honey, more research is needed about their stability and fate during digestion. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the digestive stability of two selected miRs in honey. We extracted miR-92a-3p and miR-30c-5p from pasteurized and unpasteurized forms of polyfloral honey using two different methods and kits: a column-based manual method and a phenol-free semi-automated magnetic-bead-based method. The latter option was used for the subsequent analysis of samples according to the INFOGEST static in vitro digestion protocol. Also, the honey samples were examined for exosome-like particles using dynamic light scattering. Although the expression levels of both miRs were significantly lower following intestinal digestion, we found a difference in the resilience of the miRs to gastrointestinal conditions, with miR-30c-5p being relatively stable compared to miR-92a-3p following digestion, regardless of the honey's pasteurization treatment. Moreover, there was marked heterogeneity in the extracellular vesicle profile of the pasteurized sample. We identified the presence of two broadly conserved miRs in honey: miR-92a-3p and miR-30c-5p. Despite honey exhibiting high digestibility, miR-92a-3p was less resilient than miR-30c-5p, demonstrating considerable resistance under gastrointestinal conditions. Although further research is needed, the results obtained from this study may represent a starting point for utilizing honey as a source of exogenous miRNAs for preventive strategies and more "natural" treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olubukunmi Amos Ilori
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (O.A.I.); (P.T.)
| | - Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.M.A.-G.); (M.C.C.)
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Roberto Cannataro
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society, DBSS International SAS, Bogota 110861, Colombia
| | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (O.A.I.); (P.T.)
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Paola Tucci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (O.A.I.); (P.T.)
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2
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An W, Lakhina S, Leong J, Rawat K, Husain M. Host Innate Antiviral Response to Influenza A Virus Infection: From Viral Sensing to Antagonism and Escape. Pathogens 2024; 13:561. [PMID: 39057788 PMCID: PMC11280125 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus possesses an RNA genome of single-stranded, negative-sensed, and segmented configuration. Influenza virus causes an acute respiratory disease, commonly known as the "flu" in humans. In some individuals, flu can lead to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most significant because it causes recurring seasonal epidemics, occasional pandemics, and zoonotic outbreaks in human populations, globally. The host innate immune response to IAV infection plays a critical role in sensing, preventing, and clearing the infection as well as in flu disease pathology. Host cells sense IAV infection through multiple receptors and mechanisms, which culminate in the induction of a concerted innate antiviral response and the creation of an antiviral state, which inhibits and clears the infection from host cells. However, IAV antagonizes and escapes many steps of the innate antiviral response by different mechanisms. Herein, we review those host and viral mechanisms. This review covers most aspects of the host innate immune response, i.e., (1) the sensing of incoming virus particles, (2) the activation of downstream innate antiviral signaling pathways, (3) the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, (4) and viral antagonism and escape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (W.A.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (K.R.)
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3
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Xing Y, Chen L, Hu B, Li Y, Mai H, Li G, Han S, Wang Y, Huang Y, Tian Y, Zhang W, Gao Y, He H. Therapeutic role of miR-19a/b protection from influenza virus infection in patients with coronary heart disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102149. [PMID: 38435118 PMCID: PMC10907223 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Patients with pre-existing medical conditions are at a heightened risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), SARS-CoV-2, and influenza viruses, which can result in more severe disease progression and increased mortality rates. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism behind this phenomenon remained largely unidentified. Here, we found that microRNA-19a/b (miR-19a/b), which is a constituent of the miR-17-92 cluster, exhibits reduced expression levels in patients with coronary heart disease in comparison to healthy individuals. The downregulation of miR-19a/b has been observed to facilitate the replication of influenza A virus (IAV). miR-19a/b can effectively inhibit IAV replication by targeting and reducing the expression of SOCS1, as observed in cell-based and coronary heart disease mouse models. This mechanism leads to the alleviation of the inhibitory effect of SOCS1 on the interferon (IFN)/JAK/STAT signaling pathway. The results indicate that the IAV employs a unique approach to inhibit the host's type I IFN-mediated antiviral immune responses by decreasing miR-19a/b. These findings provide additional insights into the underlying mechanisms of susceptibility to flu in patients with coronary heart disease. miR-19a/b can be considered as a preventative/therapy strategy for patients with coronary heart disease against influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xing
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Mai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gaojian Li
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyi Han
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxuan He
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Ding D, Zhao H, Liu Y, Li S, Wei J, Yang Y, Wang S, Xing G, Hou S, Wang X, Zhang Y. Whole-transcriptome sequencing revealed the role of noncoding RNAs in susceptibility and resistance of Pekin ducks to DHAV-3. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103416. [PMID: 38301494 PMCID: PMC10846394 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
As the most prevalent pathogen of duck viral hepatitis (DVH), duck hepatitis A virus genotype 3 (DHAV-3) has caused huge economic losses to the duck industry in China. Herein, we obtained whole-transcriptome sequencing data of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) Pekin duckling samples at 0 h, 12 h, and 24 h after DHAV-3 infection. We found that DHAV-3 infection induces 5,396 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 85 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), and 727 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) at 24 hpi in S vs. R ducks, those upregulated genes were enriched in inflammation and cell communications pathways and downregulated genes were related to metabolic processes. Upregulated genes showed high connectivity with the miR-33, miR-193, and miR-11591, and downregulated genes were mainly regulated by miR-2954, miR-125, and miR-146b. With the construction of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis, we further identified a few aberrantly expressed lncRNAs (e.g., MSTRG.36194.1, MSTRG.50601.1, MSTRG.34328.7, and MSTRG.29445.1) that regulate expression of hub genes (e.g., THBD, CLIC2, IL8, ACOX2, GPHN, SMLR1, and HAO1) by sponging those highly connected miRNAs. Altogether, our findings defined a dual role of ncRNAs in immune and metabolic regulation during DHAV-3 infection, suggesting potential new targets for treating DHAV-3 infected ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingbang Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haonan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaofei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuze Yang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuaiqin Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangnan Xing
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuisheng Hou
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yunsheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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5
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Husain M. Influenza Virus Host Restriction Factors: The ISGs and Non-ISGs. Pathogens 2024; 13:127. [PMID: 38392865 PMCID: PMC10893265 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus has been one of the most prevalent and researched viruses globally. Consequently, there is ample information available about influenza virus lifecycle and pathogenesis. However, there is plenty yet to be known about the determinants of influenza virus pathogenesis and disease severity. Influenza virus exploits host factors to promote each step of its lifecycle. In turn, the host deploys antiviral or restriction factors that inhibit or restrict the influenza virus lifecycle at each of those steps. Two broad categories of host restriction factors can exist in virus-infected cells: (1) encoded by the interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and (2) encoded by the constitutively expressed genes that are not stimulated by interferons (non-ISGs). There are hundreds of ISGs known, and many, e.g., Mx, IFITMs, and TRIMs, have been characterized to restrict influenza virus infection at different stages of its lifecycle by (1) blocking viral entry or progeny release, (2) sequestering or degrading viral components and interfering with viral synthesis and assembly, or (3) bolstering host innate defenses. Also, many non-ISGs, e.g., cyclophilins, ncRNAs, and HDACs, have been identified and characterized to restrict influenza virus infection at different lifecycle stages by similar mechanisms. This review provides an overview of those ISGs and non-ISGs and how the influenza virus escapes the restriction imposed by them and aims to improve our understanding of the host restriction mechanisms of the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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6
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Tucker EJ, Wong SW, Marri S, Ali S, Fedele AO, Michael MZ, Rojas-Canales D, Li JY, Lim CK, Gleadle JM. SARS-CoV-2 produces a microRNA CoV2-miR-O8 in patients with COVID-19 infection. iScience 2024; 27:108719. [PMID: 38226175 PMCID: PMC10788221 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Many viruses produce microRNAs (miRNAs), termed viral miRNAs (v-miRNAs), with the capacity to target host gene expression. Bioinformatic and cell culture studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can also generate v-miRNAs. This patient-based study defines the SARS-CoV-2 encoded small RNAs present in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with COVID-19 infection using small RNA-seq. A specific conserved sequence (CoV2-miR-O8) is defined that is not expressed in other coronaviruses but is preserved in all SARS-CoV-2 variants. CoV2-miR-O8 is highly represented in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with COVID-19 infection, is detected by RT-PCR assays in patients, has features consistent with Dicer and Drosha generation as well as interaction with Argonaute and targets specific human microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise J. Tucker
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Soon Wei Wong
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Shashikanth Marri
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Saira Ali
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Anthony O. Fedele
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Z. Michael
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
| | - Darling Rojas-Canales
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Jordan Y. Li
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Chuan Kok Lim
- Infectious Diseases Laboratories, SA Pathology, SA, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Gleadle
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
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7
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Bauer AN, Majumdar N, Williams F, Rajput S, Pokhrel LR, Cook PP, Akula SM. MicroRNAs: Small but Key Players in Viral Infections and Immune Responses to Viral Pathogens. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1334. [PMID: 37887044 PMCID: PMC10604607 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) in C. elegans in 1993, the field of miRNA research has grown steeply. These single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules canonically work at the post-transcriptional phase to regulate protein expression. miRNAs are known to regulate viral infection and the ensuing host immune response. Evolving research suggests miRNAs are assets in the discovery and investigation of therapeutics and diagnostics. In this review, we succinctly summarize the latest findings in (i) mechanisms underpinning miRNA regulation of viral infection, (ii) miRNA regulation of host immune response to viral pathogens, (iii) miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics targeting viral pathogens and challenges, and (iv) miRNA patents and the market landscape. Our findings show the differential expression of miRNA may serve as a prognostic biomarker for viral infections in regard to predicting the severity or adverse health effects associated with viral diseases. While there is huge market potential for miRNA technology, the novel approach of using miRNA mimics to enhance antiviral activity or antagonists to inhibit pro-viral miRNAs has been an ongoing research endeavor. Significant hurdles remain in terms of miRNA delivery, stability, efficacy, safety/tolerability, and specificity. Addressing these challenges may pave a path for harnessing the full potential of miRNAs in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais N. Bauer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (A.N.B.); (N.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Niska Majumdar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (A.N.B.); (N.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Frank Williams
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (A.N.B.); (N.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Smit Rajput
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Lok R. Pokhrel
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Paul P. Cook
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Shaw M. Akula
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (A.N.B.); (N.M.); (F.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
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Fu Y, Zhang J, Cheng W, Cheng X, Lu L, Gui L, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Xu D. miR-124 mediates the expression of ccBax to regulate Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2)-induced apoptosis and viral replication. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023. [PMID: 37186311 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), the etiological agent of herpesvirus haematopoietic necrosis (HVHN) in carp and goldfish, has caused significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. During viral infection, the host initiates a series of active or passive defences to regulate the process of virus infection. Apoptosis is a key component of active cellular defence, and members of the Bcl-2 family have been shown to play a critical role in the apoptotic process. However, the mechanism of action of the Bcl-2 family in inducing apoptosis during CyHV-2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we revealed the molecular mechanism of miRNA-mediated silver crucian carp BAX (ccBax) in CyHV-2-induced apoptosis for the first time and demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-124 suppressed ccBax expression and significantly down-regulated apoptosis in caudal fin cells of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF), while miR-124 inhibitors were the opposite. These studies indicated that miR-124 inhibits CyHV-2-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of ccBax. Furthermore, the fact that transfection of miR-124 mimics promoted CyHV-2 replication, whereas miR-124 inhibitors inhibited CyHV-2 replication, indicated that miR-124 inhibited CyHV-2-induced apoptosis and contributed to viral replication. All these results suggested that miR-124 suppresses virus-induced apoptosis and promotes viral replication by targeting and regulating ccBax expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Cheng
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Gui
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Pérez-Rodríguez D, Penedo MA, Rivera-Baltanás T, Peña-Centeno T, Burkhardt S, Fischer A, Prieto-González JM, Olivares JM, López-Fernández H, Agís-Balboa RC. MiRNA Differences Related to Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031891. [PMID: 36768211 PMCID: PMC9916039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a serious mental disorder that is typically treated with antipsychotic medication. Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is the condition where symptoms remain after pharmacological intervention, resulting in long-lasting functional and social impairments. As the identification and treatment of a TRS patient requires previous failed treatments, early mechanisms of detection are needed in order to quicken the access to effective therapy, as well as improve treatment adherence. In this study, we aim to find a microRNA (miRNA) signature for TRS, as well as to shed some light on the molecular pathways potentially involved in this severe condition. To do this, we compared the blood miRNAs of schizophrenia patients that respond to medication and TRS patients, thus obtaining a 16-miRNA TRS profile. Then, we assessed the ability of this signature to separate responders and TRS patients using hierarchical clustering, observing that most of them are grouped correctly (~70% accuracy). We also conducted a network, pathway analysis, and bibliography search to spot molecular pathways potentially altered in TRS. We found that the response to stress seems to be a key factor in TRS and that proteins p53, SIRT1, MDM2, and TRIM28 could be the potential mediators of such responses. Finally, we suggest a molecular pathway potentially regulated by the miRNAs of the TRS profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Rodríguez
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria Aránzazu Penedo
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Neurofarmacología de Las Adicciones y Los Trastornos Degenerativos (NEUROFAN), Universidad CEU San Pablo, 28925 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Tonatiuh Peña-Centeno
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Burkhardt
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - José M. Prieto-González
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo López-Fernández
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- CINBIO, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.L.-F.); (R.C.A.-B.)
| | - Roberto Carlos Agís-Balboa
- NeuroEpigenetics Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.L.-F.); (R.C.A.-B.)
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Yamaguchi A, Maeshige N, Yan J, Ma X, Uemura M, Matsuda M, Nishimura Y, Hasunuma T, Kondo H, Fujino H, Yuan ZM. Skeletal myotube-derived extracellular vesicles enhance itaconate production and attenuate inflammatory responses of macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099799. [PMID: 36936950 PMCID: PMC10018131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages play an important role in the innate immunity. While macrophage inflammation is necessary for biological defense, it must be appropriately controlled. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released from all types of cells and play a central role in intercellular communication. Skeletal muscle has been suggested to release anti-inflammatory factors, but the effect of myotube-derived EVs on macrophages is unknown. As an anti-inflammatory mechanism of macrophages, the immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1)-itaconate pathway is essential. In this study, we show that skeletal muscle-derived EVs suppress macrophage inflammatory responses, upregulating the IRG1-itaconate pathway. Methods C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and EVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. Skeletal myotube-derived EVs were administered to mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, then lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was performed and inflammatory cytokine expression was measured by RT-qPCR. Metabolite abundance in macrophages after addition of EVs was measured by CE/MS, and IRG1 expression was measured by RT-PCR. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis was performed on macrophages after EV treatment. Results EVs attenuated the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. Itaconate abundance and IRG1 expression were significantly increased in the EV-treated group. RNA-seq analysis revealed activation of the PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT pathways in macrophages after EV treatment. The most abundant miRNA in myotube EVs was miR-206-3p, followed by miR-378a-3p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-21a-5p. Discussion Skeletal myotube EVs are supposed to increase the production of itaconate via upregulation of IRG1 expression and exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages. This anti-inflammatory effect was suggested to involve the PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT pathways. The miRNA profiles within EVs implied that miR-206-3p, miR-378a-3p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-21a-5p may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of the EVs. In summary, in this study we showed that myotube-derived EVs prevent macrophage inflammatory responses by activating the IRG1-itaconate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atomu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriaki Maeshige, ; Hidemi Fujino,
| | - Jiawei Yan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiko Uemura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishimura
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women’s University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriaki Maeshige, ; Hidemi Fujino,
| | - Zhi-Min Yuan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Jia Q, Fu Y. microRNA-34-5p encoded by Spodoptera frugiperda regulates the replication and infection of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus by targeting odv-e66, ac78 and ie2. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5379-5389. [PMID: 36057111 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the significant migratory pests in the Global Alert issued by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. As an insect-specific microbial insecticide, baculovirus has been used to control various pests. MicroRNA-34-5p (miR-34-5p) is involved in regulating growth, reproduction and innate immunity to pathogens in insects, playing an essential role in host-virus interactions. In this study, we explored the critical function of miR-34-5p encoded by S. frugiperda in the anti-Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), providing a reference for the design of a miR-34-5p target biopesticide against S. frugiperda and a theoretical basis for the wide application of microRNAs (miRNAs) in green pest control technology. RESULTS We focused on miR-34-5p identified as downregulated in Sf9 cells and S. frugiperda larvae infected by AcMNPV. The regulatory function of miR-34-5p in AcMNPV-S. frugiperda interactions was studied by transfecting synthetic mimics and inhibitors, and constructing recombinant bacmids with miR-34-5p overexpression. miR-34-5p inhibited the production of infectious budded virions at the cellular and insect levels, inhibited the replication of the viral DNA and glucose metabolism, and increased the transcription of the antimicrobial peptide gloverin. Furthermore, the virus genes odv-e66, ac78 and ie2 were shown to be direct targets. CONCLUSION We systematically revealed the mechanism by which miR-34-5p is involved in the insect antiviral process. miR-34-5p inhibited the replication and infection of AcMNPV by directly targeting AcMNPV genes, especially ac78 and ie2. Our study provides a new direction and thinking for the prevention and green control of lepidopteran pests. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Liu P, Zhang RJ, Li JD, Bi YH, Li Y. Regulatory role of ncRNAs in pulmonary epithelial and endothelial barriers: Molecular therapy clues of influenza-induced acute lung injury. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Role of microRNA in Endocrine Disruptor-Induced Immunomodulation of Metabolic Health. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111034. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of poor metabolic health is growing exponentially worldwide. This condition is associated with complex comorbidities that lead to a compromised quality of life. One of the contributing factors recently gaining attention is exposure to environmental chemicals, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Considerable evidence suggests that EDCs can alter the endocrine system through immunomodulation. More concerning, EDC exposure during the fetal development stage has prominent adverse effects later in life, which may pass on to subsequent generations. Although the mechanism of action for this phenomenon is mostly unexplored, recent reports implicate that non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRs), may play a vital role in this scenario. MiRs are significant contributors in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Studies demonstrating the immunomodulation of EDCs via miRs in metabolic health or towards the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Hypothesis are still deficient. The aim of the current review was to focus on studies that demonstrate the impact of EDCs primarily on innate immunity and the potential role of miRs in metabolic health.
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14
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Prashanth G, Vastrad B, Vastrad C, Kotrashetti S. Potential Molecular Mechanisms and Remdesivir Treatment for Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 Infection/COVID 19 Through RNA Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analysis. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 15:11779322211067365. [PMID: 34992355 PMCID: PMC8725226 DOI: 10.1177/11779322211067365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections
(COVID 19) is a progressive viral infection that has been investigated
extensively. However, genetic features and molecular pathogenesis underlying
remdesivir treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. Here, we used
bioinformatics to investigate the candidate genes associated in the
molecular pathogenesis of remdesivir-treated SARS-CoV-2-infected
patients. Methods: Expression profiling by high-throughput sequencing dataset (GSE149273) was
downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, and the differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) in remdesivir-treated SARS-CoV-2 infection samples
and nontreated SARS-CoV-2 infection samples with an adjusted
P value of <.05 and a |log fold change| > 1.3
were first identified by limma in R software package. Next, pathway and gene
ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these DEGs was performed. Then, the hub
genes were identified by the NetworkAnalyzer plugin and the other
bioinformatics approaches including protein-protein interaction network
analysis, module analysis, target gene—miRNA regulatory network, and target
gene—TF regulatory network. Finally, a receiver-operating characteristic
analysis was performed for diagnostic values associated with hub genes. Results: A total of 909 DEGs were identified, including 453 upregulated genes and 457
downregulated genes. As for the pathway and GO enrichment analysis, the
upregulated genes were mainly linked with influenza A and defense response,
whereas downregulated genes were mainly linked with drug
metabolism—cytochrome P450 and reproductive process. In addition, 10 hub
genes (VCAM1, IKBKE, STAT1, IL7R, ISG15, E2F1, ZBTB16, TFAP4, ATP6V1B1, and
APBB1) were identified. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed
that hub genes (CIITA, HSPA6, MYD88, SOCS3, TNFRSF10A, ADH1A, CACNA2D2,
DUSP9, FMO5, and PDE1A) had good diagnostic values. Conclusion: This study provided insights into the molecular mechanism of
remdesivir-treated SARS-CoV-2 infection that might be useful in further
investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Prashanth
- Department of General Medicine, Basaveshwara Medical College, Chitradurga, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwar College of Pharmacy, Gadag, India
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Liao Y, Guo S, Liu G, Qiu Z, Wang J, Yang D, Tian X, Qiao Z, Ma Z, Liu Z. Host Non-Coding RNA Regulates Influenza A Virus Replication. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010051. [PMID: 35062254 PMCID: PMC8779696 DOI: 10.3390/v14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of influenza, caused by the influenza A virus (IAV), occur almost every year in various regions worldwide, seriously endangering human health. Studies have shown that host non-coding RNA is an important regulator of host-virus interactions in the process of IAV infection. In this paper, we comprehensively analyzed the research progress on host non-coding RNAs with regard to the regulation of IAV replication. According to the regulation mode of host non-coding RNAs, the signal pathways involved, and the specific target genes, we found that a large number of host non-coding RNAs directly targeted the PB1 and PB2 proteins of IAV. Nonstructural protein 1 and other key genes regulate the replication of IAV and indirectly participate in the regulation of the retinoic acid-induced gene I-like receptor signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, and other major intracellular viral response signaling pathways to regulate the replication of IAV. Based on the above findings, we mapped the regulatory network of host non-coding RNAs in the innate immune response to the influenza virus. These findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the function and mechanism of host non-coding RNAs in the cellular anti-virus response as well as clues to the mechanism of cell-virus interactions and the discovery of antiviral drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Liao
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Shouqing Guo
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Geng Liu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Zhenyu Qiu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Di Yang
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ziling Qiao
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhenbin Liu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Correspondence:
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Qi M, Liu B, Li S, Ni Z, Li F. Construction and Investigation of Competing Endogenous RNA Networks and Candidate Genes Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:6647-6659. [PMID: 34675627 PMCID: PMC8520483 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s335162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a quickly developing global health crisis, yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis in COVID-19 are not fully understood. Methods The RNA sequencing data of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs), and microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified by edgeR, and the SARS-CoV-2-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed based on the prediction of bioinformatic databases. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted with the SARS-CoV-2-related DEmRNAs, and the protein–protein interaction network was also built basing on STRING database. The ROC analysis was performed for assessing the diagnostic efficiency of hub genes. Results The results indicated that SARS-CoV-2-related DEmRNAs were associated with the interferon signaling pathway and other antiviral processes, such as IFNL3, IFNL1 and CH25H. Our analysis suggested that lncRNA NEAT1 might regulate the host immune response through two miRNAs, hsa-miR-374-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p, which control the expression of SOCS1, IL6, IL1B, CSF1R, CD274, TLR6, and TNF. Additionally, IFI6, HRASLS2, IGFBP4 and PTN may be potential targets based on an analysis comparing the transcriptional responses of SARS-CoV-2 infection with that of other respiratory viruses. Discussion The unique ceRNA network identified potential non-coding RNAs and their possible targets as well as a new perspective to understand the molecular mechanisms of the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2. This study may also aid in the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingran Qi
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center for Medical Biomaterials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Health Biomedical Materials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center for Medical Biomaterials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Health Biomedical Materials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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17
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Sajjad N, Wang S, Liu P, Chen JL, Chi X, Liu S, Ma S. Functional Roles of Non-coding RNAs in the Interaction Between Host and Influenza A Virus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:742984. [PMID: 34745043 PMCID: PMC8569443 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.742984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are extensively expressed in various cells and tissues, and studies have shown that ncRNAs play significant roles in cell regulation. However, in the past few decades, the knowledge of ncRNAs has been increased dramatically due to their transcriptional ability and multiple regulatory functions. Typically, regulatory ncRNAs include long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), miRNAs, piRNAs, Y RNAs, vault RNAs, and circular RNAs (circRNAs), etc. Previous studies have revealed that various ncRNAs are involved in the host responses to virus infection and play critical roles in the regulation of host-virus interactions. In this review, we discuss the conceptual framework and biological regulations of ncRNAs to elucidate their functions in response to viral infection, especially influenza A virus (IAV) infection. In addition, we summarize the ncRNAs that are associated with innate immunity and involvement of interferons and their stimulated genes (ISGs) during IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelam Sajjad
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shujie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Li C, Han H, Li X, Wu J, Li X, Niu H, Li W. Analysis of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA Expression Profiling in Type I IFN and Type II IFN Overexpressed in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:6666160. [PMID: 34222462 PMCID: PMC8225432 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6666160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Current data is scarce regarding the function of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the interferon- (IFN-) mediated immune response. This is a comprehensive study that analyzes the lncRNA and miRNA expression profiles of the type I IFN and type II IFN in porcine alveolar macrophages using RNA sequencing. There was a total of 152 overexpressed differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 21 DE miRNAs across type I IFN and type II IFN in porcine alveolar macrophages. Subsequent lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network construction revealed the involvement of 36 DE lncRNAs and 12 DE miRNAs. LncRNAs such as the XLOC_211306, XLOC_100516, XLOC_00695, XLOC_149196, and XLOC_014459 were expressed at a higher degree in the type I IFN group, while XLOC_222640, XLOC_047290, XLOC_147777, XLOC_162298, XLOC_220210, and XLOC_165237 were expressed at a higher degree in the type II IFN group. These lncRNAs were found to act as "sponges" for miRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-328, miR-885-3p, miR-149, miR-30c-3p, miR-30b-5p, miR-708-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-365-5p, and miR-7. Their target genes FADS2, RPS6KA1, PIM1, and NOD1 were found to be associated with several immune-related signaling pathways including the NOD-like receptor, Jak-STAT, mTOR, and PPAR signaling pathways. These experiments provide a comprehensive profile of overexpressed noncoding RNAs in porcine alveolar macrophages, providing new insights regarding the IFN-mediated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haoyuan Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinfeng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Unconventional Feed Resources Innovative Utilization, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wantao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhang Y, Cai S, Ding X, Lu C, Wu R, Wu H, Shang Y, Pang M. MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages toward M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1348-H1360. [PMID: 33416455 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00431.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a life-threatening disease characterized by severe cardiac inflammation generally caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. Several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are known to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of VMC. The study aimed to decipher the role of miR-30a-5p in the underlying mechanisms of VMC pathogenesis. We first quantified miR-30a-5p expression in a CVB3-induced mouse VMC model. The physiological characteristics of mouse cardiac tissues were then detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Picrosirius red staining. We established the correlation between miR-30a-5p and SOCS1, using dual-luciferase gene assay and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The expression of inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13), M1 polarization markers [TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)], M2 polarization markers (Arg-1, IL-10), and myocardial hypertrophy markers [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)] was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. miR-30a-5p was found to be highly expressed in VMC mice. Silencing of miR-30a-5p improved the cardiac function index and reduced heart weight-to-body weight ratio, myocardial tissue pathological changes and fibrosis degree, serological indexes, as well as proinflammatory factor levels, while enhancing anti-inflammatory factor levels in VMC mice. Furthermore, silencing of miR-30a-5p inhibited M1 polarization of macrophages while promoting M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. SOCS1 was a target gene of miR-30a-5p, and the aforementioned cardioprotective effects of miR-30a-5p silencing were reversed upon silencing of SOCS1. Overall, this study shows that silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following VMC via SOCS1 upregulation, constituting a potential therapeutic target for VMC treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found in this study that microRNA (miR)-30a-5p inhibition might improve cardiac injury following viral myocarditis (VMC) by accelerating M2 polarization of macrophages via SOCS1 upregulation. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of miR-30a-5p inhibition may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ding
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruodan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Shang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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20
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Carr LE, Virmani MD, Rosa F, Munblit D, Matazel KS, Elolimy AA, Yeruva L. Role of Human Milk Bioactives on Infants' Gut and Immune Health. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604080. [PMID: 33643310 PMCID: PMC7909314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exclusive human milk feeding of the newborn is recommended during the first 6 months of life to promote optimal health outcomes during early life and beyond. Human milk contains a variety of bioactive factors such as hormones, cytokines, leukocytes, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, stem cells, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), microbiota, and microRNAs. Recent findings highlighted the potential importance of adding HMOs into infant formula for their roles in enhancing host defense mechanisms in neonates. Therefore, understanding the roles of human milk bioactive factors on immune function is critical to build the scientific evidence base around breastfeeding recommendations, and to enhance positive health outcomes in formula fed infants through modifications to formulas. However, there are still knowledge gaps concerning the roles of different milk components, the interactions between the different components, and the mechanisms behind health outcomes are poorly understood. This review aims to show the current knowledge about HMOs, milk microbiota, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and milk microRNAs (miRNAs) and how these could have similar mechanisms of regulating gut and microbiota function. It will also highlight the knowledge gaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Carr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Misty D. Virmani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Fernanda Rosa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ahmed A. Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Laxmi Yeruva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
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21
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Li J, Xie Y, Li L, Li X, Shen L, Gong J, Zhang R. MicroRNA-30a Modulates Type I Interferon Responses to Facilitate Coxsackievirus B3 Replication Via Targeting Tripartite Motif Protein 25. Front Immunol 2021; 11:603437. [PMID: 33519812 PMCID: PMC7840606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis is caused by a viral infection and characterized by the inflammation of the myocardium. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection is one of the most common among the infections caused by this virus. The host's early innate immune response to CVB3 infection particularly depends on the functions of type I interferons (IFNs). In this study, we report that a host microRNA, miR-30a, was upregulated by CVB3 to facilitate its replication. We demonstrated that miR-30a was a potent negative regulator of IFN-I signaling by targeting tripartite motif protein 25 (TRIM25). In addition, we found that TRIM25 overexpression significantly suppressed CVB3 replication, whereas TRIM25 knockdown increased viral titer and VP1 protein expression. MiR-30a inhibits the expression of TRIM25 and TRIM25-mediated retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I ubiquitination to suppress IFN-β activation and production, thereby resulting in the enhancement of CVB3 replication. These results indicate the proviral role of miR-30a in modulating CVB3 infection for the first time. This not only provides a new strategy followed by CVB3 in order to modulate IFN-I-mediated antiviral immune responses by engaging host miR-30a but also improves our understanding of its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yewei Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Gong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rufang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Martinez-Espinoza I, Banos-Lara MDR, Guerrero-Plata A. The Importance of miRNA Identification During Respiratory Viral Infections. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 3:207-214. [PMID: 34541575 PMCID: PMC8445226 DOI: 10.33696/immunology.3.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The expression of small non-coding RNA MicroRNAs (miRNAs) during respiratory viral infections is of critical importance as they are implicated in the viral replication, immune responses and severity of disease pathogenesis. Respiratory viral infections have an extensive impact on human health across the globe. For that is essential to understand the factors that regulate the host response against infections. The differential miRNA pattern induced by respiratory viruses has been reported, including include influenza A virus (IAV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (AdV), and more recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this commentary, we highlight the importance of miRNAs identification and the contribution of these molecules in the modulation of the immune response through the upregulation and downregulation of miRNAs expression in different immune and non-immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Martinez-Espinoza
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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23
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Bioinformatics analyses of significant genes, related pathways, and candidate diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. GENE REPORTS 2020; 21:100956. [PMID: 33553808 PMCID: PMC7854084 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a leading cause of pneumonia and death. The aim of this investigation is to identify the key genes in SARS-CoV-2 infection and uncover their potential functions. We downloaded the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing of GSE152075 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Normalization of the data from primary SARS-CoV-2 infected samples and negative control samples in the database was conducted using R software. Then, joint analysis of the data was performed. Pathway and Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, target gene - miRNA regulatory network, target gene - TF regulatory network of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were constructed using Cytoscape software. Identification of diagnostic biomarkers was conducted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. 994 DEGs (496 up regulated and 498 down regulated genes) were identified. Pathway and GO enrichment analysis showed up and down regulated genes mainly enriched in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Ribosome, response to external biotic stimulus and viral transcription in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Down and up regulated genes were selected to establish the PPI network, modules, target gene - miRNA regulatory network, target gene - TF regulatory network revealed that these genes were involved in adaptive immune system, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, influenza A and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. In total, ten genes (CBL, ISG15, NEDD4, PML, REL, CTNNB1, ERBB2, JUN, RPS8 and STUB1) were identified as good diagnostic biomarkers. In conclusion, the identified DEGs, hub genes and target genes contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the advancement of SARS-CoV-2 infection and they may be used as diagnostic and molecular targets for the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the future.
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Key Words
- Bioinformatics
- CBL, Cbl proto-oncogene
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- Diagnosis
- GO, Gene ontology
- ISG15, ISG15 ubiquitin like modifier
- Key genes
- NEDD4, NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase
- PML, promyelocyticleukemia
- PPI, protein-protein interaction
- Pathways
- REL, REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- SARS-CoV-2 infection
- SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2
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24
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Blum K, Cadet JL, Baron D, Badgaiyan RD, Brewer R, Modestino EJ, Gold MS. Putative COVID- 19 Induction of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) and Associated Behavioral Addictions with Potential Concomitant Dopamine Depletion: Is COVID-19 Social Distancing a Double Edged Sword? Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:2438-2442. [PMID: 32957797 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1817086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The overwhelming fatalities of the global COVID-19 Pandemic will have daunting epigenetic sequala that can translate into an array of mental health issues, including panic, phobia, health anxiety, sleep disturbances to dissociative like symptoms including suicide. Method: We searched PUBMED for articles listed using the search terms "COVID 19 Pandemic", COVID19 and genes," "stress and COVID 19", Stress and Social distancing: Results: Long-term social distancing may be neurologically harmful, the consequence of epigenetic insults to the gene encoding the primary receptor for SARS-CoV2, and COVID 19. The gene is Angiotensin I Converting-Enzyme 2 (ACE2). According to the multi-experiment matrix (MEM), the gene exhibiting the most statistically significant co-expression link to ACE2 is Dopa Decarboxylase (DDC). DDC is a crucial enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both dopamine and serotonin. SARS-CoV2-induced downregulation of ACE2 expression might reduce dopamine and serotonin synthesis, causing hypodopaminergia. Discussion: Indeed, added to the known reduced dopamine function during periods of stress, including social distancing the consequence being both genetic and epigenetic vulnerability to all Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) addictive behaviors. Stress seen in PTSD can generate downstream alterations in immune functions by reducing methylation levels of immune-related genes. Conclusion: Mitigation of these effects by identifying subjects at risk and promoting dopaminergic homeostasis to help regulate stress-relative hypodopaminergia, attenuate fears, and prevent subsequent unwanted drug and non-drug RDS type addictive behaviors seems prudent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Graduate College, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA.,Department Psychiatry, Boonshoff School of Medicine, Wright University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.,Division of Nutrigenomics, Geneus Genomic Testing Center, Geneus Health, LLC, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Baron
- Graduate College, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Rajendra D Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond Brewer
- Division of Nutrigenomics, Geneus Genomic Testing Center, Geneus Health, LLC, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Mark S Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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25
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Lin X, Yu S, Ren P, Sun X, Jin M. Human microRNA-30 inhibits influenza virus infection by suppressing the expression of SOCS1, SOCS3, and NEDD4. Cell Microbiol 2019; 22:e13150. [PMID: 31876380 PMCID: PMC7162240 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has evolved multiple mechanisms to compromise type I interferon (IFN) responses. The antiviral function of IFN is mainly exerted by activating the JAK/STAT signalling and subsequently inducing IFN‐stimulated gene (ISG) production. However, the mechanism by which IAV combat the type I IFN signalling pathway is not fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the roles of human microRNAs modulated by IAV infection in type I IFN responses. We demonstrated that microRNA‐30 (miR‐30) family members were downregulated by IAV infection. Our data showed that the forced expression of miR‐30 family members inhibited IAV proliferation, while miR‐30 family member inhibitors promoted IAV proliferation. Mechanistically, we found that miR‐30 family members targeted and reduced SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression, and thus relieved their inhibiting effects on IFN/JAK/STAT signalling pathway. In addition, miR‐30 family members inhibited the expression of NEDD4, a negative regulator of IFITM3, which is important for host defence against influenza viruses. Our findings suggest that IAV utilises a novel strategy to restrain host type I IFN‐mediated antiviral immune responses by decreasing the expression of miR‐30 family members, and add a new way to understand the mechanism of immune escape caused by influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiman Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peilei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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