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Pang X, Xiao F, Zheng T, Zhao L, Ge X, Xie S, Zhang Z, Xu N, Wei Z, Xiao Z. Integration Analysis of miRNA Circulating Expression Following Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10912-4. [PMID: 39304639 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) as a rehabilitation intervention for patients with ischemic stroke, focusing on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs). Whole-transcriptome sequencing was employed to obtain circulating expression profiles of miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and mRNAs in patients with ischemic stroke before and after 3-week ctDCS. miRanda software was used to predict the target genes of miRNAs, while Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to identify biological functions and signaling pathways. Subsequently, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks comprising circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions were constructed. Key miRNAs in blood samples were validated through quantitative RT-PCR. In total, 43 miRNAs, 807 lncRNAs, 1,111 circRNAs, and 201 mRNAs were differentially expressed after ctDCS compared with before ctDCS. Bioinformatics analyses revealed significant enrichment of target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs across multiple biological pathways. CeRNA regulatory networks implied that several miRNAs were closely related to the ctDCS. Among them, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-224-5p, and hsa-miR-340-3p showed significantly downregulated expression levels as confirmed by qRT-PCR. This study conducted the first-ever assessment of miRNA expression patterns in patients with ischemic stroke undergoing ctDCS. The findings revealed that ctDCS induces alterations in miRNA levels, suggesting their potential utility as therapeutic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Neurology, the First Peoples Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tianqing Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liren Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaorong Ge
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shaojun Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Peoples Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Peoples Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zongyong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Zhanhong Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Zhang X, Ma L, Liu M, Zhu T, Huang Z, Xiong Y, Wang Z, Shi J. "Lifting Yang to Dredging Du Meridian Manipulation" acupuncture alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by mediating the NF-κB pathway. Brain Res 2023; 1816:148477. [PMID: 37414270 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a permanent neurological impairment resulting from the narrowing or blockage of blood vessels in the brain. The effectiveness of "Lifting Yang to Dredging Du Meridian Manipulation" (LYDD) acupuncture in clinical treatment of ischemic stroke patients has been well-established. Nevertheless, its mechanism is still uncertain. METHODS MCAO/R rat models at different time points of reperfusion (24, 36, 48 and 72 h) were constructed, and LYDD acupuncture treatment was performed. Zea-Longa score and TTC staining were used for assessing neurological impairment and cerebral infarct in rats, respectively. The pathological changes of cerebral tissue in each group were observed by HE and Nissl's staining. Cerebral tissue from each group was subjected to RNA-seq, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, and hub gene was identified based on the String database and MCODE algorithm. RESULTS LYDD acupuncture treatment significantly reduced Zea-Longa score, dry-wet weight ratio, infarct area, inflammatory factor levels (IL-1β and TNF-α), cerebral lesions, number of Nissl body and neuronal apoptosis in the MCAO/R model at different time points of reperfusion. A total of 3518 DEGs were identified in the MCAO/R model compared to the control group, and 3461 DEGs were present in the treatment group compared to the MCAO/R model, and they may be implicated in neurotransmitter transmission, synaptic membrane potential, cell junctions, inflammatory response, immune response, cell cycle, and ECM. The expression trends of BIRC3, LTBR, PLCG2, TLR4 and TRADD mRNAs in the Hub gene were consistent with the RNA-seq results, and LYDD acupuncture treatment significantly inhibited MCAO/R-induced p65 nuclear translocation. CONCLUSIONS LYDD acupuncture ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiahui Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Meifang Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Zhilin Huang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Youlong Xiong
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Acupuncture, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China.
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Hong-Yu L, Zhi-Jie Z, Juan L, Ting X, Wei-Chun H, Ning Z. Effects of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Patients with Stroke: a Systematic Review. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:973-984. [PMID: 36028789 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cerebellum is involved in regulating motor, affective, and cognitive processes. It is a promising target for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) intervention in stroke. OBJECTIVES To review the current evidence for cerebellar tDCS (ctDCS) in stroke, its problems, and its future directions. METHODS We searched the Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases. Eligible studies were identified after a systematic literature review of the effects of ctDCS in stroke patients. The changes in assessment scale scores and objective indicators after stimulation were reviewed. RESULTS Eleven studies were included in the systematic review, comprising 169 stroke patients. Current evidence suggests that anode tDCS on the right cerebellar hemisphere does not appear to enhance language processing in stroke patients. Compared with the sham group, stroke patients showed a significant improvement in the verb generation task after cathodal ctDCS stimulation. However, with regard to naming, two studies came to the opposite conclusion. The contralesional anodal ctDCS is expected to improve standing balance but not motor learning in stroke patients. The bipolar bilateral ctDCS protocol to target dentate nuclei (PO10h and PO9h) had a positive effect on standing balance, goal-directed weight shifting, and postural control in stroke patients. CONCLUSIONS ctDCS appears to improve poststroke language and motor dysfunction (particularly gait). However, the evidence for these results was insufficient, and the quality of the relevant studies was low. ctDCS stimulation parameters and individual factors of participants may affect the therapeutic effect of ctDCS. Researchers need to take a more regulated approach in the future to conduct studies with large sample sizes. Overall, ctDCS remains a promising stroke intervention technique that could be used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hong-Yu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China.
| | - Zhang Zhi-Jie
- Yinchuan Stomatology Hospital, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Li Juan
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China
| | - Xiong Ting
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China
| | - He Wei-Chun
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China
| | - Zhu Ning
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750003, China
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Rao Y, Xu S, Lu T, Wang Y, Liu M, Zhang W. Downregulation of BIRC2 hinders the progression of rheumatoid arthritis through regulating TRADD. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e978. [PMID: 37904685 PMCID: PMC10549964 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammation mediated by an autoimmune response. Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 2 (BIRC2) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1-associated death domain protein (TRADD) have been reported to be highly expressed in RA, while their specific roles during RA progression remain unclear. This study aims to explore the specific regulation of BIRC2/TRADD during the progression of RA. METHODS C28/I2 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an in vitro RA cellular model. The expression level of BIRC2 and TRADD was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine cell viability and necroptosis, respectively. The oxidative stress markers were detected using commercial kits, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA assay. The interaction between BIRC2 and TRADD was verified by co-immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS BIRC2 and TRADD were discovered to be highly expressed in LPS-mediated C28/I2 cells. BIRC2 knockdown was demonstrated to inhibit LPS-induced cell viability loss, necroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in C28/I2 cells. BIRC2 could interact with TRADD and positively regulate TRADD expression. In addition, the protective role of BIRC2 knockdown against LPS-mediated injuries in C28/I2 cells was partly weakened by TRADD overexpression. CONCLUSION In summary, BIRC2 knockdown alleviated necroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in LPS-mediated C28/I2 cells, which might correlate to the regulatory role of TRADD, indicating a novel target for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Rao
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shengjing Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Manman Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Stanková S, Košutzká Z, Straka I, Gažová A, Minár M. Up-regulated expression of miRNA-29b in patients with Parkinson's disease on levodopa gel infusion. Acta Neurol Belg 2023; 123:1983-1984. [PMID: 35752745 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-022-02010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stanková
- Second Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava and Comenius University Bratislava, Limbová 5, 83305, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Košutzká
- Second Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava and Comenius University Bratislava, Limbová 5, 83305, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Igor Straka
- Second Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava and Comenius University Bratislava, Limbová 5, 83305, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Gažová
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Minár
- Second Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava and Comenius University Bratislava, Limbová 5, 83305, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Gao J, Pang X, Zhang L, Li S, Qin Z, Xie X, Liu J. Transcriptome analysis reveals the neuroprotective effect of Dlg4 against fastigial nucleus stimulation-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:40. [PMID: 37525090 PMCID: PMC10391810 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FNS) can considerably decrease infarction volume and improve neurofunction restoration following cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of FNS is still vague. METHODS In this study, we developed a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion that included 1 h FNS followed by reperfusion for 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 h. The expression profile of molecular alterations in brain tissues was obtained by transcriptome sequencing at five different time points. The function and pathway of miRNA expression pattern and core genes were annotated by Allen Brain Atlas, STRING database and Cytoscape software, so as to explore the mechanism of FNS-mediated neuroprotection. RESULTS The results indicated that FNS is associated with the neurotransmitter cycle pathway. FNS may regulate the release of monoamine neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles by targeting the corresponding miRNAs through core Dlg4 gene, stimulate the Alternative polyadenylation (APA) incident's anti -apoptosis effect on the brain, and stimulate the interaction activation of neurons in cerebellum, cortex/thalamus and other brain regions, regulate neurovascular coupling, and reduce cerebral damage. CONCLUSION FNS may activate neuronal and neurovascular coupling by regulating the release of neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles through the methylation of core Dlg4 gene and the corresponding transcription factors and protein kinases, inducing the anti-apoptotic mechanism of APA events. The findings from our investigation offer a new perspective on the way brain tissue responds to FNS-driven neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggui Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shenghua Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenxiu Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingli Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Li B, Lu Y, Wang R, Xu T, Lei X, Jin H, Gao X, Xie Y, Liu X, Zeng J. MiR-29c Inhibits TNF-α-Induced ROS Production and Apoptosis in Mouse Hippocampal HT22 Cell Line. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:519-536. [PMID: 36309937 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have suggested that abnormal miR-29c expression in hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of some neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the underlying effect of miR-29c in regulating hippocampal neuronal function is not clear. In this study, HT22 cells were infected with lentivirus containing miR-29c or miR-29c sponge. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit were applied to evaluate cell viability and toxicity before and after TNF-α administration. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured with fluorescent probes. Hoechst 33258 staining and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The expression of key mRNA/proteins (TNFR1, Bcl-2, Bax, TRADD, FADD, caspase-3, -8 and -9) in the apoptosis pathway was detected by PCR or WB. In addition, the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), nerve growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) was detected by WB. As a result, we found that miR-29c overexpression could improve cell viability, attenuate LDH release, reduce ROS production and inhibit MMP depolarization in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells. Furthermore, miR-29c overexpression was found to decrease apoptotic rate, along with decreased expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and increased expression of Bcl-2 in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells. However, miR-29c sponge exhibited an opposite effects. In addition, in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells, miR-29c overexpression could decrease the expressions of TNFR1, TRADD, FADD and cleaved caspase-8. However, in HT22 cells transfected with miR-29c sponge, TNF-α-induced the expressions of TNFR1, TRADD, FADD and cleaved caspase-8 was significantly exacerbated. At last, TNF-α-induced the decreased expression of MAP-2, GAP-43 and SYN-1 was reversed by miR-29c but exacerbated by miR-29c sponge. Overall, our study demonstrated that miR-29c protects against TNF-α-induced HT22 cells injury through alleviating ROS production and reduce neuronal apoptosis. Therefore, miR-29c might be a potential therapeutic agent for TNF-α accumulation and toxicity-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Lei
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Huan Jin
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Ye Xie
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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Seaweeds in the Oncology Arena: Anti-Cancer Potential of Fucoidan as a Drug—A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186032. [PMID: 36144768 PMCID: PMC9506145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products are a discerning arena to search for the future generation of medications to treat a spectrum of ailments. Meanwhile, cancer is becoming more ubiquitous over the world, and the likelihood of dying from it is rising. Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the mainstays of cancer treatment worldwide, but their extensive side effects limit their curative effect. The quest for low-toxicity marine drugs to prevent and treat cancer is one of the current research priorities of researchers. Fucoidan, an algal sulfated polysaccharide, is a potent therapeutic lead candidate against cancer, signifying that far more research is needed. Fucoidan is a versatile, nontoxic marine-origin heteropolysaccharide that has received much attention due to its beneficial biological properties and safety. Fucoidan has been demonstrated to exhibit a variety of conventional bioactivities, such as antiviral, antioxidant, and immune-modulatory characteristics, and anticancer activity against a wide range of malignancies has also recently been discovered. Fucoidan inhibits tumorigenesis by prompting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, blocking metastasis and angiogenesis, and modulating physiological signaling molecules. This review compiles the molecular and cellular aspects, immunomodulatory and anticancer actions of fucoidan as a natural marine anticancer agent. Specific fucoidan and membranaceous polysaccharides from Ecklonia cava, Laminaria japonica, Fucus vesiculosus, Astragalus, Ascophyllum nodosum, Codium fragile serving as potential anticancer marine drugs are discussed in this review.
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Can U, Marzioglu E, Akdu S. Some miRNA expressions and their targets in ischemic stroke. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:1224-1262. [PMID: 35876186 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2098974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a global health challenge leading to life-long disabilities or the deaths of patients. IS is a complex disease where genetic and environmental factors are both concerned with the pathophysiology of the condition. Here, we aimed to investigate various microRNA (miRNA) expressions and their targets in IS. A rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute IS is important to perform appropriate treatment. Therefore, there is a need for a more rapid and simple tool to carry out an acute diagnosis of IS. miRNAs are small RNA molecules serving as precious biomarkers due to their easy detection and stability in blood samples. The present systematic review aimed to summarize previous studies investigating several miRNA expressions and their targets in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummugulsum Can
- Department of Biochemistry, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Marzioglu
- Department of Genetics, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Sadinaz Akdu
- Department of Biochemistry, Fethiye State Hospital, Muğla, Turkey
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Chavda V, Chaurasia B, Deora H, Umana GE. Chronic Kidney disease and stroke: A Bi-directional risk cascade and therapeutic update. BRAIN DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins in Colorectal Cancer-A Promising Signaling Network for Therapeutic Interventions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040624. [PMID: 33557398 PMCID: PMC7916307 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor suppressor 53 (p53) is a multifunctional protein that regulates cell cycle, DNA repair, apoptosis and metabolic pathways. In colorectal cancer (CRC), mutations of the gene occur in 60% of patients and are associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype and resistance to anti-cancer therapy. In addition, inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are distinguished biomarkers overexpressed in CRC that impact on a diverse set of signaling pathways associated with the regulation of apoptosis/autophagy, cell migration, cell cycle and DNA damage response. As these mechanisms are further firmly controlled by p53, a transcriptional and post-translational regulation of IAPs by p53 is expected to occur in cancer cells. Here, we aim to review the molecular regulatory mechanisms between IAPs and p53 and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting their interrelationship by multimodal treatment options. Abstract Despite recent advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), patient’s individual response and clinical follow-up vary considerably with tumor intrinsic factors to contribute to an enhanced malignancy and therapy resistance. Among these markers, upregulation of members of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family effects on tumorigenesis and radiation- and chemo-resistance by multiple pathways, covering a hampered induction of apoptosis/autophagy, regulation of cell cycle progression and DNA damage response. These mechanisms are tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor p53 and thus transcriptional and post-translational regulation of IAPs by p53 is expected to occur in malignant cells. By this, cellular IAP1/2, X-linked IAP, Survivin, BRUCE and LIVIN expression/activity, as well as their intracellular localization is controlled by p53 in a direct or indirect manner via modulating a multitude of mechanisms. These cover, among others, transcriptional repression and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 pathway. In addition, p53 mutations contribute to deregulated IAP expression and resistance to therapy. This review aims at highlighting the mechanistic and clinical importance of IAP regulation by p53 in CRC and describing potential therapeutic strategies based on this interrelationship.
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Jusic A, Devaux Y. Mitochondrial noncoding RNA-regulatory network in cardiovascular disease. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:23. [PMID: 32140778 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and integrity are vital for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, particularly in high-energy demanding cells. Cardiomyocytes have a large number of mitochondria, which provide a continuous and bulk supply of the ATP necessary for cardiac mechanical function. More than 90% of the ATP consumed by the heart is derived from the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Decreased energy supply as the main consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The discovery of noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) in the mitochondrial compartment has changed the traditional view of molecular pathways involved in the regulatory network of CVD. Mitochondrial ncRNAs participate in controlling cardiovascular pathogenesis by regulating glycolysis, mitochondrial energy status, and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the association between impaired mitochondrial function resulting from fluctuation in expression levels of ncRNAs and specific disease phenotype can aid in preventing and treating CVD. This review presents an overview of the role of mitochondrial ncRNAs in the complex regulatory network of the cardiovascular pathology. We will summarize and discuss (1) mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) encoded either by nuclear or mitochondrial genome which are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism; (2) the role of mitomiRs and lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of several CVD such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, acute myocardial infarction and heart failure; (3) the biomarker and therapeutic potential of mitochondrial ncRNAs in CVD; (4) and the challenges inherent to their translation into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Circ_016719 plays a critical role in neuron cell apoptosis induced by I/R via targeting miR-29c/Map2k6. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 49:101478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sebastiani P, Monti S, Morris M, Gurinovich A, Toshiko T, Andersen SL, Sweigart B, Ferrucci L, Jennings LL, Glass DJ, Perls TT. A serum protein signature of APOE genotypes in centenarians. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13023. [PMID: 31385390 PMCID: PMC6826130 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of treatments to prevent or delay dementia and Alzheimer's disease is a priority. The gene APOE is associated with cognitive change and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence that the e2 allele of APOE has a neuroprotective effect, it is associated with increased longevity and an extended healthy lifespan in centenarians. In this study, we correlated APOE genotype data of 222 participants of the New England Centenarian Study, including 75 centenarians, 82 centenarian offspring, and 65 controls, comprising 55 carriers of APOE e2 , with aptamer-based serum proteomics (SomaLogic technology) of 4,785 human proteins corresponding to 4,137 genes. We discovered a signature of 16 proteins that associated with different APOE genotypes and replicated the signature in three independent studies. We also show that the protein signature tracks with gene expression profiles in brains of late-onset Alzheimer's disease versus healthy controls. Finally, we show that seven of these proteins correlate with cognitive function patterns in longitudinally collected data. This analysis in particular suggests that Baculoviral IAP repeat containing two (BIRC2) is a novel biomarker of neuroprotection that associates with the neuroprotective allele of APOE. Therefore, targeting APOE e2 molecularly may preserve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sebastiani
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusetts
| | - Stefano Monti
- Bioinformatics ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMassachusetts
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusetts
| | - Melody Morris
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Anastasia Gurinovich
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusetts
- Bioinformatics ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMassachusetts
| | - Tanaka Toshiko
- Translational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Stacy L. Andersen
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Boston Medical CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Benjamin Sweigart
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusetts
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Lori L. Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - David J. Glass
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Thomas T. Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Boston Medical CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
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Wang M, Guo J, Dong LN, Wang JP. Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus Stimulation in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rat Model Reduces Post-Stroke Depression by Suppressing Brain Inflammation via the microRNA-29c/TNFRSF1A Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5594-5605. [PMID: 31352465 PMCID: PMC6683727 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported that cerebellar fastigial nucleus stimulation reduced post-stroke depression in a rat model by reducing inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the molecular inflammatory signaling pathways associated with cerebellar fastigial nucleus stimulation in an established rat model of post-stroke depression. Material/Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats included a sham group (N=6), an untreated stroke group (N=6), an untreated post-stroke depression model group (PSD) (N=6), and the model group treated with cerebellar fastigial nucleus stimulation (FNS) (N=6). The rat stroke model involved occlusion of the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Post-stroke depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress treatment and was verified using an open field test. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot compared expression levels of microRNA-29c (miR-29c), miR-676, TNFRSF1A, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in cerebellar tissue. U251 human glioblastoma cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were studied in vitro. Results Cerebellar fastigial nucleus stimulation reduced behaviors associated with depression in the rat model, upregulated the expression of miR-29c, and reduced the expression of TNFRSF1A and inflammatory cytokines, and mildly reduced neuronal apoptosis. Bioinformatics data analysis identified a regulatory relationship between miR-29c and TNFRSF1A. SH-SY5Y cells treated with a miR-29c mimic, or TNFRSF1A short interfering RNA (siRNA), identified a negative regulatory relationship between TNFRSF1A and miR-29c. Conclusions In a rat model, cerebellar fastigial nucleus stimulation reduced the expression of TNFRSF1A by upregulating miR-29c expression, which suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines, resulting in reduced severity of post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Na Dong
- Central Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jun-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
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16
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Su H, Zhu L, Li J, Wang R, Liu D, Han W, Cadet JL, Chen T. Regulation of microRNA-29c in the nucleus accumbens modulates methamphetamine -induced locomotor sensitization in mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:160-168. [PMID: 30639389 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Changes in microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) may play important roles in regulating drug addiction. MiR-29c is a highly expressed miRNA in the human and rodent nervous systems where it plays a broad regulatory role. As the first step towards investigating potential functions of miR-29c in methamphetamine (METH) addiction, we used C57BL/6 mice in a model of METH-induced locomotor sensitization. We measured miR-29c expression changes in the NAc of the mice after repeated-intermittent METH exposure and acute METH administration respectively by using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). We found that miR-29c expression was significantly down-regulated in the NAc of METH-sensitized mice but not in the acute METH-treated mice. Then, we tested the respective effects of miR-29c over-expression and inhibition in the NAc on METH-induced locomotor sensitization. To reach this goal, we constructed adeno-associated virus (AAV)-expressing miR-29c (AAV-miR-29c) and its corresponding inhibitor - tough decoy (AAV-anti-miR-29c TuD) to over-express and inhibit miR-29c, respectively. We found that AAV-miR-29c over-expression in the NAc enhanced METH-induced locomotor sensitization, whereas AAV inhibition of miR-29c expression in the NAc attenuated the effects of METH. Moreover, we observed the participation of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Meg3 in the effects of miR-29c on METH sensitization. Our results suggest that miR-29c is an important epigenetic regulator of METH-induced behavioural sensitization and changes in gene expression. These data further suggest a potential role of miR-29c in regulating long-term METH-induced adaptation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH/DHHS, Bayview Boulevard, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Teng Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
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17
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Sarkar SN, Russell AE, Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Porter KN, Simpkins JW. MicroRNAs and the Genetic Nexus of Brain Aging, Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Brain Trauma. Aging Dis 2019; 10:329-352. [PMID: 31011481 PMCID: PMC6457055 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and integrated gradual deterioration of cellular activities in specific organs of the body, which is associated with increased mortality. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, neurovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. There are nine tentative hallmarks of aging. In addition, several of these hallmarks are increasingly being associated with acute brain injury conditions. In this review, we consider the genes and their functional pathways involved in brain aging as a means of developing new strategies for therapies targeted to the neuropathological processes themselves, but also as targets for many age-related brain diseases. A single microRNA (miR), which is a short, non-coding RNA species, has the potential for targeting many genes simultaneously and, like practically all other cellular processes, genes associated with many features of brain aging and injury are regulated by miRs. We highlight how certain miRs can mediate deregulation of genes involved in neuroinflammation, acute neuronal injury and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we review the recent progress in the development of effective strategies to block specific miR functions and discuss future approaches with the prediction that anti-miR drugs may soon be used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumyendra N Sarkar
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ashley E Russell
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Engler-Chiurazzi
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Keyana N Porter
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - James W Simpkins
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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18
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Roitbak T. MicroRNAs and Regeneration in Animal Models of CNS Disorders. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:188-203. [PMID: 30877519 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are recently identified small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and significantly influence the essential cellular processes associated with CNS repair after trauma and neuropathological conditions including stroke and neurodegenerative disorders. A number of specific miRNAs are implicated in regulating the development and propagation of CNS injury, as well as its subsequent regeneration. The review focuses on the functions of the miRNAs and their role in brain recovery following CNS damage. The article introduces a brief description of miRNA biogenesis and mechanisms of miRNA-induced gene suppression, followed by an overview of miRNAs involved in the processes associated with CNS repair, including neuroprotection, neuronal plasticity and axonal regeneration, vascular reorganization, neuroinflammation, and endogenous stem cell activation. Specific emphasis is placed on the role of multifunctional miRNA miR-155, as it appears to be involved in multiple neurorestorative processes during different CNS pathologies. In association with our own studies on miR-155, I introduce a new and unexplored approach to cerebral regeneration: regulation of brain tissue repair through a direct modulation of specific miRNA activity. The review concludes with discussion on the challenges and the future potential of miRNA-based therapeutic approaches to CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Roitbak
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 1101 Yale Blvd, Albuquerque, NM, 87106-3834, USA.
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19
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Ren X, Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Russell AE, Sarkar SN, Rellick SL, Lewis S, Corbin D, Clapper J, Simpkins JW. MiR-34a and stroke: Assessment of non-modifiable biological risk factors in cerebral ischemia. Neurochem Int 2018; 127:73-79. [PMID: 30365981 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging of the nervous system, and the occurrence of age-related brain diseases such as stroke, are associated with changes to a variety of cellular processes controlled by many distinct genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding functional RNAs that can induce translational repression or site-specific cleavage of numerous target mRNAs, have recently emerged as important regulators of cellular senescence, aging, and the response to neurological insult. Here, we focused on the assessment of the role of miR-34a in stroke. We noted increases in miR-34a expression in the blood of stroke patients as well as in blood and brain of mice subjected to experimental stroke. Our methodical genetic manipulation of miR-34a expression substantially impacted stroke-associated preclinical outcomes and we have in vitro evidence that these changes may be driven at least in part by disruptions to blood brain barrier integrity and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in endothelial cells. Finally, aging, independent of brain injury, appears to be associated with shifts in circulating miRNA profiles. Taken together, these data support a role for miRNAs, and specifically miR-34a, in brain aging and the physiological response to age-related neurological insult, and lay the groundwork for future investigation of this novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Ren
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Neurosciences, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Engler-Chiurazzi
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Neurosciences, USA
| | - Ashley E Russell
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Neurosciences, USA
| | - Saumyendra N Sarkar
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Stephanie L Rellick
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Sara Lewis
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Deborah Corbin
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Neurosciences, USA
| | - Jared Clapper
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - James W Simpkins
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, USA; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
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20
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Zhu J, Chen Z, Meng Z, Ju M, Zhang M, Wu G, Guo H, Tian Z. Electroacupuncture Alleviates Surgical Trauma-Induced Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis Hyperactivity Via microRNA-142. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:308. [PMID: 29021740 PMCID: PMC5623716 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) could improve the hyperactivity of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis induced by hepatectomy. However, its underlying mechanism still remains largely unclear. Here, we found that hypothalamic corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) modulates the function of the HPA axis, while hepatectomy induced an HPA axis disorder and EA application could regulate the hypothalamic CRH. We first demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) target on CRH via bioinformatics analysis and screened them in the primary hypothalamic neurons. MicroR-142 (miR-142) and miR-376c were identified to inhibit CRH at the mRNA and protein levels, and a dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed their binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of CRH. Further analyses revealed a decrease in hypothalamic miR-142 expression in the hepatectomy rats and an increase in miR-142 and miR-376c after EA intervention. Importantly, the improvement effect of EA on the HPA axis regulatory function in hepatectomy rats was blocked by miR-142 antagomir. Our findings illustrated that EA could up-regulate hypothalamic miR-142 expression and decrease the CRH level to alleviate the hyperactivity of the HPA axis induced by hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhejun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Laboratory for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Meng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Acupuncture Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minda Ju
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Acupuncture Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mizhen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Acupuncture Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gencheng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Acupuncture Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanzhuang Tian
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Acupuncture Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Vijayan M, Kumar S, Bhatti JS, Reddy PH. Molecular Links and Biomarkers of Stroke, Vascular Dementia, and Alzheimer's Disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 146:95-126. [PMID: 28253992 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a very common neurological disease, and it occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted and the subsequent shortage of oxygen and nutrients causes damage to the brain tissue. Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life years. The occurrence of stroke increases with age, but anyone at any age can suffer a stroke. Stroke can be broadly classified in two major clinical types: ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke. Research also revealed that stroke, vascular dementia (VaD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) increase with a number of modifiable factors, and most strokes can be prevented and/or controlled through pharmacological or surgical interventions and lifestyle changes. The pathophysiology of stroke, VaD, and AD is complex, and recent molecular and postmortem brain studies have revealed that multiple cellular changes have been implicated, including inflammatory responses, microRNA alterations, and marked changes in brain proteins. These molecular and cellular changes provide new information for developing therapeutic strategies for stroke and related vascular disorders treatment. IS is the major risk factor for VaD and AD. This chapter summarizes the (1) links among stroke-VaD-AD; (2) updates the latest developments of research in identifying protein biomarkers in peripheral and central nervous system tissues; and (3) critically evaluates miRNA profile and function in human blood samples, animal, and postmortem brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.
| | - S Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - J S Bhatti
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - P H Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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22
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Rehabilitation Training and Resveratrol Improve the Recovery of Neurological and Motor Function in Rats after Cerebral Ischemic Injury through the Sirt1 Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1732163. [PMID: 28116292 PMCID: PMC5223001 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1732163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the recovery of motor function in rats through the silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (Sirt1) signal pathway-mediated rehabilitation training. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) was used to induce ischemia/reperfusion injury. The rats were subjected to no treatment (model), rehabilitation training (for 21 days), resveratrol (5 mg/kg for 21 days), and rehabilitation training plus resveratrol treatment. 24 h later, They were assessed for neurobehavioral score and motor behavior score and expression of brain derived-nerve neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB). Compared with sham group, models had significantly higher neurobehavioral scores, balance beam, and rotary stick scores. Compared with the model group, rats in rehabilitation training and resveratrol groups had significantly reduced scores. Compared with rehabilitation training or resveratrol treatment alone, rehabilitation plus resveratrol further reduced the scores significantly. The percentage of cells expressing BDNF and TrkB and expression levels of BDNF and TrkB were similar between the model and sham groups, significantly increased in rehabilitation training and resveratrol groups, and further increased in rehabilitation training plus resveratrol group. These results indicate that rehabilitation raining plus resveratrol can significantly improve the recovery of motor function in rats after cerebral ischemic injury, which is likely related to the upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.
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23
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Majidinia M, Yousefi B. DNA damage response regulation by microRNAs as a therapeutic target in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 47:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Vijayan M, Reddy PH. Peripheral biomarkers of stroke: Focus on circulatory microRNAs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1984-93. [PMID: 27503360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world. Stroke occurs when blood flow stops, and that stoppage results in reduced oxygen supply to neurons in the brain. The occurrence of stroke increases with age, but anyone at any age can suffer from stroke. Recent research has implicated multiple cellular changes in stroke patients, including oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and changes in mRNA and proteins. Recent research has also revealed that stroke is associated with modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Stroke can be controlled by modifiable risk factors, including diet, cardiovascular, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, depression and traumatic brain injury. Stroke is the major risk factor for vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this article is to review the latest developments in research efforts directed at identifying 1) latest developments in identifying biomarkers in peripheral and central nervous system tissues, 2) changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with stroke, 3) miRNA profile and function in animal brain, and 4) protein biomarkers in ischemic stroke. This article also reviews research investigating circulatory miRNAs as peripheral biomarkers of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 6630 S. Quaker Ste. E, MS 7495, Lubbock, TX 79413, United States.
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MicroRNA-146a down-regulation correlates with neuroprotection and targets pro-apoptotic genes in cerebral ischemic injury in vitro. Brain Res 2016; 1648:136-143. [PMID: 27449900 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate target gene expression, and play an important role in cerebral ischemic injury. MiR-146a has been reported to be highly related to cell invasion, metastasis, immunity, inflammation and apoptosis. Previous studies have indicated that miR-146a can either inhibit or promote apoptosis through different pathophysiological processes. In our previous study, miR-146a in the blood was down-regulated during acute ischemic stroke. However, the connection between miR-146a and acute cerebral ischemic injury and the mechanism underlying the connection remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-146a and its possible target genes in human SK-N-SH cells subjected to 16h of oxygen-glucose deprivation and 12h of reperfusion (OGD/R) injury. Cells were transfected with miR-146a mimic or inhibitor to alter the expression of miR-146a. MiR-146a in the SK-N-SH cells was down-regulated after OGD/R injury. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assays demonstrated that miR-146a directly recognized the 3'-UTR of the pro-apoptotic genes, Caspase7 and Bcl-2-associated transcription factor 1 (Bclaf1). Furthermore, miR-146a over-expression effectively decreased the mRNA and protein expression of Caspase7 and Bclaf1, and aggravated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis; in contrast, miR-146a down-regulation was neuroprotective. In conclusion, our study revealed that miR-146a contributes to OGD/R injury in vitro, while negatively regulating the pro-apoptotic genes, Caspase7 and Bclaf1. This special mechanism provides new insight into miRNA regulatory networks. In addition, miR-146a may offer a potential therapeutic approach to cerebral ischemic injury.
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Zeng LL, He XS, Liu JR, Zheng CB, Wang YT, Yang GY. Lentivirus-Mediated Overexpression of MicroRNA-210 Improves Long-Term Outcomes after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:961-969. [PMID: 27390218 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury and in the repair process during postischemic condition. However, the key miRNAs and their function in these processes remain unclear. METHODS Circulating blood MicroRNAs profiles were examined in the ischemic stroke patients. The predicted network of difference was analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis. The key MicroRNAs were selected, and the function was further studied in a mouse ischemia model. The predicted downstream target was confirmed. RESULTS We found that 24 MicroRNAs were differently expressed in stroke patients compared to the control (P < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis showed a MicroRNAs regulated network with the highest score in the stroke cascade, which was consisted of 10 MicroRNAs including key hypoxia-related miR-210 and its predicted downstream target brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Lentivirus-mediated miR-210 overexpression enhanced the microvessel density and the number of neural progenitor cells in the ischemic mouse brain (P < 0.05) and improved neurobehavioral outcomes in the ischemic mouse (P < 0.05). MiR-210 upregulation increased mBDNF/proBDNF protein expression in the normal and ischemic mouse brain. The dual-luciferase reporter assay identified that BDNF was the direct target of miR-210. CONCLUSION MiR-210 is a crucial ischemic stroke-associated MicroRNAs and a potential target for the stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song He
- Department of human anatomy, Guangzhou medical university, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Rong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Bo Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ting Wang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Liu Z, Tuo YH, Chen JW, Wang QY, Li S, Li MC, Dai G, Wang JS, Zhang YL, Feng L, Shi ZS. NADPH oxidase inhibitor regulates microRNAs with improved outcome after mechanical reperfusion. J Neurointerv Surg 2016; 9:702-706. [PMID: 27325364 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) pathway improves the neurological outcome in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) animal model. In this study we analyzed the microRNAs profile targeting NOX2 and NOX4 genes and its response to NOX2/4 inhibitor VAS2870 to understand the mechanisms of this protective effect. METHODS The intraluminal filament tMCAO model was established in hyperglycemic rats (n=106) with 5 hours ischemia followed by 19 hours reperfusion. NOX inhibitor VAS2870 was delivered intravenously before reperfusion. Infarct volume, hemorrhagic transformation, and mortality were determined at 24 hours after cerebral ischemia. MicroRNAs profile targeting NOX2 and NOX4 genes were predicted by microRNA databases and further evaluated by microRNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Ten microRNAs potentially targeting NOX2 and NOX4 genes (including microRNA-29a, microRNA-29c, microRNA-126a, microRNA-132, microRNA-136, microRNA-138, microRNA-139, microRNA-153, microRNA-337, and microRNA-376a) were significantly downregulated in the ischemic hemisphere in the tMCAO group compared with the sham-operated group, as shown by microRNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR (all p<0.05). Intravenous treatment with NOX inhibitor VAS2870 before reperfusion increased the expression of microRNA-29a, microRNA-29c, microRNA-126a, and microRNA-132 compared with the tMCAO group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Several microRNAs potentially targeting NOX2 and NOX4 genes displayed altered levels in hyperglycemic rats with the tMCAO model, suggesting their regulatory roles and targeting potentials for acute ischemic stroke treatment. Targeting specific microRNAs may represent a novel intervention opportunity to improve outcome and reduce hemorrhagic transformation after mechanical reperfusion for acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hua Tuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Wen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songlin Li
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming-Chang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Dai
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation of Ministry of Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Shan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Li Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhong-Song Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Hu Z, Zhong B, Tan J, Chen C, Lei Q, Zeng L. The Emerging Role of Epigenetics in Cerebral Ischemia. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1887-1905. [PMID: 26894397 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite great progresses in the treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke, it is still among the leading causes of death and serious long-term disability all over the world, indicating that innovative neural regenerative and neuroprotective agents are urgently needed for the development of therapeutic approaches with greater efficacy for ischemic stroke. More and more evidence suggests that a spectrum of epigenetic processes play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. In the present review, we first discuss recent developments in epigenetic mechanisms, especially their roles in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Specifically, we focus on DNA methylation, histone deacetylase, histone methylation, and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of vascular and neuronal regeneration after cerebral ischemia. Additionally, we highlight epigenetic strategies for ischemic stroke treatments, including the inhibition of histone deacetylase enzyme and DNA methyltransferase activities, and miRNAs. These therapeutic strategies are far from clinic use, but preliminary data indicate that neuroprotective agents targeting these pathways can modulate neural cell regeneration and promote brain repair and functional recovery after cerebral ischemia. A better understanding of how epigenetics influences the process and progress of cerebral ischemia will pave the way for discovering more sensitive and specific biomarkers and new targets and therapeutics for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bingwu Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Lei
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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29
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Min XL, Wang TY, Cao Y, Liu J, Li JT, Wang TH. MicroRNAs: a novel promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury? Neural Regen Res 2016; 10:1799-808. [PMID: 26807114 PMCID: PMC4705791 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.170302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using miRNA microarrays and bioinformatic tools to systematically analyze Gene Ontology (GO) function classifications, as well as the signaling pathways of genes targeted by these differentially expressed miRNAs. Our results show significantly changed miRNA expression profiles in the reperfusion period after focal cerebral ischemia, with a total of 15 miRNAs up-regulated and 44 miRNAs down-regulated. Target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in metabolic and cellular processes, which were identified as hub nodes of a miRNA-GO-network. The most correlated pathways included D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, the renin-angiotensin system, peroxisomes, the PPAR signaling pathway, SNARE interactions in vesicular transport, and the calcium signaling pathway. Our study suggests that miRNAs play an important role in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Understanding miRNA expression and function may shed light on the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Min
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China; Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; the First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ting-Yong Wang
- School of Economics of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jin-Tao Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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30
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Feng LB, Pang XM, Zhang L, Li JP, Huang LG, Su SY, Zhou X, Li SH, Xiang HY, Chen CY, Liu JL. MicroRNA involvement in mechanism of endogenous protection induced by fastigial nucleus stimulation based on deep sequencing and bioinformatics. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:79. [PMID: 26597292 PMCID: PMC4657244 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurogenic neuroprotection is a promising approach for treating patients with ischemic brain lesions. Fastigial nucleus stimulation (FNS) has been shown to reduce the tissue damage resulting from focal cerebral ischemia in the earlier studies. However, the mechanisms of neuroprotection induced by FNS remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a newly discovered group of non-coding small RNA molecules that negatively regulate target gene expression and involved in the regulation of pathological process. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on the expression of miRNA in response to FNS. Thus, we study the regulation of miRNAs in the rat ischemic brain by the neuroprotection effect of FNS. METHODS In this study, we used an established focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model in rats. MiRNA expression profile of rat ischemic cortex after 1 h of FNS were investigated using deep sequencing. Microarray was performed to study the expression pattern of miRNAs. Functional annotation on the miRNA was carried out by bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Two thousand four hundred ninety three miRNAs were detected and found to be miRNAs or miRNA candidates using deep sequencing technology. We found that the FNS-related miRNAs were differentially expressed according microarray data. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that several differentially expressed miRNAs might be a central node of neuroprotection-associated genetic networks and contribute to neuroprotection induced by FNS. CONCLUSIONS MiRNA acts as a novel regulator and contributes to FNS-induced neuroprotection. Our study provides a better understanding of neuroprotection induced by FNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bo Feng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Xiao-Min Pang
- Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongguan Kanghua hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jin-Pin Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Li-Gang Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Sheng-You Su
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Xiang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Chun-Yong Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Jing-Li Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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31
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Hu Y, Deng H, Xu S, Zhang J. MicroRNAs Regulate Mitochondrial Function in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24895-917. [PMID: 26492239 PMCID: PMC4632781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury involves multiple independently fatal terminal pathways in the mitochondria. These pathways include the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation caused by changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium overload, resulting in apoptosis via cytochrome c (Cyt c) release. In addition, numerous microRNAs are associated with the overall process. In this review, we first briefly summarize the mitochondrial changes in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and then describe the possible molecular mechanism of miRNA-regulated mitochondrial function, which likely includes oxidative stress and energy metabolism, as well as apoptosis. On the basis of the preceding analysis, we conclude that studies of microRNAs that regulate mitochondrial function will expedite the development of treatments for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Hao Deng
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Junping Zhang
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
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32
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Fitzpatrick JMK, Anderson RC, McDermott KW. MicroRNA: Key regulators of oligodendrocyte development and pathobiology. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:134-8. [PMID: 26026282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that function through binding to messenger RNA (mRNA) targets and downregulating gene expression. miRNAs have been shown to regulate many cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, development and apoptosis. Recently, evidence has grown which shows the involvement of miRs in oligodendrocyte (OL) specification and development. In particular, miRs-138, -219, -338, and -9 have been classified as key regulators of OL development, acting at various points in the OL lineage and influencing precursor cell transit into mature myelinating OLs. Many studies have emerged which link miRNAs with OL and myelin pathology in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, and adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD).
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33
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Volný O, Kašičková L, Coufalová D, Cimflová P, Novák J. microRNAs in Cerebrovascular Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 888:155-95. [PMID: 26663183 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22671-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Cerebrovascular diseases, especially stroke, represent major burden of disability and economy impact. Major advances in primary and secondary prevention and therapy are needed in order to tackle this public health problem. Our better understanding of pathophysiology is essential in order to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools and strategies. microRNAs are a family of important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and their involvement in the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases has already been reported. Moreover, microRNAs may represent above-mentioned potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools in clinical practice. Within this chapter, we briefly describe basic epidemiology, aetiology and clinical manifestation of following cerebrovascular diseases: extracranial carotid atherosclerosis, acute stroke, intracranial aneurysms and cerebral arterio-venous malformations. Further, in each chapter, the current knowledge about the involvement of specific microRNAs and their potential use in clinical practice will be summarized. More specifically, within the subchapter "miRNAs in carotid atherosclerosis", general information about miRNA involvement in atherosclerosis will be described (miR-126, miR-17-92, miR-155 and others) with special emphasis put on miRNAs affecting carotid plaque progression and stability (e.g. miR-145, miR-146 or miR-217). In the subchapter "miRNAs in acute stroke", we will provide insight into recent knowledge from animal and human studies concerning miRNA profiling in acute stroke and their expression dynamics in brain tissue and extracellular fluids (roles of, e.g. let-7 family, miR-21, miR-29 family, miR-124, miR-145, miR-181 family, miR-210 and miR-223). Subchapters dealing with "miRNAs and AV malformations" and "miRNAs and intracranial aneurysms" will focus on miR-21, miR-26, miR-29 family and miR-143/145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Volný
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic. .,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic. .,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic.
| | - Linda Kašičková
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic. .,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Dominika Coufalová
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic. .,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Cimflová
- Department of Radiology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Novák
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic. .,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic.
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