1
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Babar A, Babar M, Zubair H, Shahid A, Rafique S, Bano M, Waleed MS, Khan M, Inayat A, Safi D. Selinexor for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:535-546. [PMID: 38454813 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241235902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple myeloma cells resist standard therapies due to overexpression of the transport protein, exportin 1. Selinexor is a novel drug that targets the Exportin 1 protein in these cells. DATA SOURCE A comprehensive search was done, and data showing the efficacy and safety of selinexor in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma was collected using PubMed, Google Scholar, and clincialtrials.gov. DATA SUMMARY Results from the clinical trials STORM, BOSTON, and STOMP were included. Parts I and II of the STORM trial revealed a progression-free survival (PFS) of 4.7 and 3.7 months, a median duration of response of 6.2 and 4.4 months, and an overall survival of 7.3 and 8.4 months, respectively. BOSTON trial's SVd arm (selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone) had a median follow-up period of 13.2 months and an mPFS of 13.93 months. The Vd arm (bortezomib and dexamethasone) had a median follow-up duration of 16.5 months and an mPFS of 9.46 months. The STOMP trial is still active and has limited data available. The SKd arm (selinexor, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone) reported an overall response rate of 66.7% in patients with triple refractory multiple myeloma, and 82% in patients with high-risk cytogenetics. The SPd arm (selinexor, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone) shows an overall response rate of 54.30% in pomalidomide naïve-nonrefractory, 35.70% in pomalidomide refractory and 60% in those dosed at RP2D. SRd arm (selinexor, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) shows an overall response rate of 91.7% in lenalidomide naïve and 12.5% in lenalidomide refractory patients. SVd (selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone) arm reported an overall response rate of 63% in all patients while the SDd arm (selinexor, daratumumab, and dexamethasone) showed an overall response rate of 73%. CONCLUSION To improve the outcome of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, it is critical to develop new therapies, assess potential therapeutic synergies, and overcome drug resistance by determining the efficacy of multiple myeloma therapies across multiple disease subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Babar
- Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Hina Zubair
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Rafique
- Liaquat National Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Maimona Bano
- Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | | | - Danish Safi
- J.W. Ruby Memorial Hospital, West Virginia, USA
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2
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Mghezzi-Habellah M, Prochasson L, Jalinot P, Mocquet V. Viral Subversion of the Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 Export Pathway and Its Consequences for the Cell Host. Viruses 2023; 15:2218. [PMID: 38005895 PMCID: PMC10674744 DOI: 10.3390/v15112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the spatial distribution between cytoplasm and nucleus is essential for cell homeostasis. This dynamic distribution is selectively regulated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which allows the passive or energy-dependent transport of proteins between these two compartments. Viruses possess many strategies to hijack nucleocytoplasmic shuttling for the benefit of their viral replication. Here, we review how viruses interfere with the karyopherin CRM1 that controls the nuclear export of protein cargoes. We analyze the fact that the viral hijacking of CRM1 provokes are-localization of numerous cellular factors in a suitable place for specific steps of viral replication. While CRM1 emerges as a critical partner for viruses, it also takes part in antiviral and inflammatory response regulation. This review also addresses how CRM1 hijacking affects it and the benefits of CRM1 inhibitors as antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent Mocquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, U1293, UMR5239, 69364 Lyon, France; (M.M.-H.); (L.P.); (P.J.)
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3
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Chen J, Song D, Xu Y, Wu L, Tang L, Su Y, Xie X, Zhao J, Xu J, Liu Q. Anti-Osteoclast Effect of Exportin-1 Inhibitor Eltanexor on Osteoporosis Depends on Nuclear Accumulation of IκBα–NF-κB p65 Complex. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896108. [PMID: 36110547 PMCID: PMC9468713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects around 200 million people globally, with menopausal women accounting for the bulk of cases. In the occurrence and development of osteoporosis, a key role is played by osteoclasts. Excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption activity reduces bone mass and increases bone fragility, resulting in osteoporosis. Thus, considerable demand exists for designing effective osteoporosis treatments based on targeting osteoclasts. Eltanexor (Elt; KPT-8602) is a selective nuclear-export inhibitor that covalently binds to and blocks the function of the nuclear-export protein exportin-1 (XPO1), which controls the nucleus-to-cytoplasm transfer of certain critical proteins related to growth regulation and tumor suppression, such as p53, IκBα [nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor α] and FOXO1; among these proteins, IκBα, a critical component of the NF-κB signaling pathway that primarily governs NF-κB activation and transcription. How Elt treatment affects osteoclasts remains poorly elucidated. Elt inhibited the growth and activity of RANKL-induced osteoclasts in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, and Elt exerted no cell-killing effect within the effective inhibitory concentration. Mechanistically, Elt was found to trap IκBα in the nucleus and thus protect IκBα from proteasome degradation, which resulted in the blocking of the translocation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 and the consequent inhibition of NF-κB activity. The suppression of NF-κB activity, in turn, inhibited the activity of two transcription factors (NFATc1 and c-Fos) essential for osteoclast formation and led to the downregulation of genes and proteins related to bone resorption. Our study thus provides a newly identified mechanism for targeting in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchun Chen
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dezhi Song
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - YuanGang Su
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Qian Liu, ; Jiake Xu,
| | - Qian Liu
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Liu, ; Jiake Xu,
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4
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Luo G, Wang X, Liu C. MiR-483-3p improves learning and memory abilities via XPO1 in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2680. [PMID: 35833267 PMCID: PMC9392541 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common form of dementia, has been reported to influence 27 million individuals globally. Several risk factors including oxidative stress, gut microbiota imbalance, and cognitive activity are reported to be closely associated with the initiation or progression of AD. Although miR-483-3p was identified to be downregulated in AD patient serum. However, the biological role and mechanism of miR-483-3p remained unknown in AD. Here, we explored the role of miR-483-3p in AD. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with homocysteine (Hcy) to establish an AD animal model. The Morris water maze tests and contextual fear tests were conducted to assess the cognitive and memory abilities of rats. TUNEL staining was utilized to determine cell apoptosis. Luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the binding relation between miR-483-3p and exportin 1 (XPO1). RESULTS Homocysteine treatment (400 μg/kg) induced the learning, cognitive and memory defects of rats. miR-483-3p was downregulated in Hcy-treated rat hippocampus. Functionally, miR-483-3p alleviated cell apoptosis and impairments of learning and memory abilities in Hcy-treated rats. In addition, miR-483-3p inhibited cell apoptosis and protein level of AD-associated factors (APP, BACE1, and Aβ1-42) in PC12 cells. In mechanism, miR-483-3p was confirmed to target XPO1 in PC12 cells. XPO1 displayed high level in rat hippocampus and was negatively correlated with miR-483-3p levels. Finally, XPO1 overexpression rescued the suppressive effect of miR-483-3p on cell apoptosis and protein levels of AD-associated factors. CONCLUSIONS miR-483-3p alleviates neural cell apoptosis and impairments of learning and memory abilities by targeting XPO1 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Luo
- Department of RehabilitationGezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm, The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges UniversityYichangHubeiChina
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of RehabilitationThe Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Changya Liu
- Department of NeurologyHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
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5
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Liu S, Wang S, Gu R, Che N, Wang J, Cheng J, Yuan Z, Cheng Y, Liao Y. The XPO1 Inhibitor KPT-8602 Ameliorates Parkinson's Disease by Inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:847605. [PMID: 35721113 PMCID: PMC9200340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.847605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Exportin 1 (XPO1) is an important transport receptor that mediates the nuclear export of various proteins and RNA. KPT-8602 is a second-generation inhibitor of XPO1, demonstrating the lowest level of side effects, and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of cancers. Previous studies suggest that several first-generation inhibitors of XPO1 demonstrate anti-inflammation activities, indicating the application of this drug in inflammation-related diseases. In this study, our results suggested the potent anti-inflammatory effect of KPT-8602 in vitro and in vivo. KPT-8602 inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway by blocking the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and the priming of NLRP3. Importantly, the administration of KPT-8602 attenuated both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peripheral inflammation and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuroinflammation in vivo. In addition, the tissue damage was also ameliorated by KPT-8602, indicating that KPT-8602 could be used as a novel potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammasome-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, through the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Liu
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Shengxiang Wang
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Runze Gu
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Na Che
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yajin Liao
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China.,The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Gori Savellini G, Anichini G, Gandolfo C, Cusi MG. Nucleopore Traffic Is Hindered by SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Protein to Efficiently Suppress IFN-β and IL-6 Secretion. Viruses 2022; 14:1273. [PMID: 35746745 PMCID: PMC9230033 DOI: 10.3390/v14061273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A weak production of INF-β along with an exacerbated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported during infection by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARS-CoV-2 encodes several proteins that are able to counteract the host immune system, which is believed to be one of the most important features contributing to the viral pathogenesis and development of a severe clinical outcomes. Previous reports demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein strongly suppresses INF-β production by hindering the RIG-I, MDA-5, and MAVS signaling cascade. In the present study, we better characterized the mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 counteracts IFN-β and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which plays a crucial role in the inflammation process associated with the viral infection. In the present study, we demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein has evolved an alternative mechanism to guarantee host IFN-β and IL-6 suppression, in addition to the transcriptional control exerted on the genes. Indeed, a block in movement through the nucleopore of newly synthetized messenger RNA encoding the immune-modulatory cytokines IFN-β and IL-6 are reported here. The ORF6 accessory protein of SARS-CoV-2 displays a multifunctional activity and may represent one of the most important virulence factors. Where conventional antagonistic strategies of immune evasion-such as the suppression of specific transcription factors (e.g., IRF-3, STAT-1/2)-would not be sufficient, the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein is the trump card for the virus, also blocking the movement of IFN-β and IL-6 mRNAs from nucleus to cytoplasm. Conversely, we showed that nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor is not affected by the ORF6 protein, although inhibition of its cytoplasmic activation occurred. Therefore, the ORF6 protein exerts a 360-degree inhibition of the antiviral response by blocking as many critical points as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Gori Savellini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (C.G.); (M.G.C.)
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7
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Mostafa-Hedeab G, Al-kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Welson NN, El-Saber Batiha G, Conte-Junior CA. Selinexor and COVID-19: The Neglected Warden. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:884228. [PMID: 35559257 PMCID: PMC9086449 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.884228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been confirmed as the cause of the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Different repurposed drugs have been trialed and used in the management of COVID-19. One of these agents was the anti-cancer Selinexor (SXR). SXR is an anti-cancer drug that acts by inhibition of nuclear exportin-1 (XPO1), which inhibits transport of nuclear proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to the induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. XPO1 inhibitors had antiviral effects, mainly against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus. SXR inhibits transport of SARS-CoV-2 nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm with further inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 proliferation. SXR has the ability to prevent the development of a cytokine storm in COVID-19 by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with the augmentation release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with activation of XPO1, leading to the triggering of inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. Inhibition of XPO1 by Selinexor (SXR), a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), can reduce the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and associated inflammatory disorders. Preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology Department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Jouf, Saudi Arabia,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hayder M. Al-kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nermeen N. Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nermeen N. Welson, ; Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nermeen N. Welson, ; Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Kashyap T, Murray J, Walker CJ, Chang H, Tamir S, Hou B, Shacham S, Kauffman MG, Tripp RA, Landesman Y. Selinexor, a novel selective inhibitor of nuclear export, reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection and protects the respiratory system in vivo. Antiviral Res 2021; 192:105115. [PMID: 34157321 PMCID: PMC8213878 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the recent global pandemic. The nuclear export protein (XPO1) has a direct role in the export of SARS-CoV proteins including ORF3b, ORF9b, and nucleocapsid. Inhibition of XPO1 induces anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and antioxidant pathways. Selinexor is an FDA-approved XPO1 inhibitor. Through bioinformatics analysis, we predicted nuclear export sequences in the ACE-2 protein and confirmed by in vitro testing that inhibition of XPO1 with selinexor induces nuclear localization of ACE-2. Administration of selinexor inhibited viral infection prophylactically as well as therapeutically in vitro. In a ferret model of COVID-19, selinexor treatment reduced viral load in the lungs and protected against tissue damage in the nasal turbinates and lungs in vivo. Our studies demonstrated that selinexor downregulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GMCSF, commonly associated with the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 patients. Our findings indicate that nuclear export is critical for SARS-CoV-2 infection and for COVID-19 pathology and suggest that inhibition of XPO1 by selinexor could be a viable anti-viral treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jackelyn Murray
- University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Hua Chang
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
| | | | - Bing Hou
- Antengene Corporation Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, PR China
| | | | | | - Ralph A Tripp
- University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
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9
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Kumar S, Shanker OR, Kumari N, Tripathi M, Chandra PS, Dixit AB, Banerjee J. Neuromodulatory effects of SARS-CoV2 infection: Possible therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:509-519. [PMID: 34232801 PMCID: PMC8330012 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1953475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although SARS-CoV-2 primarily manifests in the form of respiratory symptoms, emerging evidence suggests that the disease is associated with numerous neurological complications, such as stroke and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Hence, further research is necessary to seek possible therapeutic targets in the CNS for effective management of these complications. AREAS COVERED This review examines the neurological complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections and the possible routes of infection. It progresses to illuminate the possible therapeutic targets for effective management of these neuromodulatory effects and the repurposing of drugs that could serve this purpose. To this end, literature from the year 1998-2021 was derived from PubMed. EXPERT OPINION The neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 may be related to poor prognosis and higher comorbidity. Identification of the key molecular targets in the brain that are potential indicators of the observed neuropathology, such as inflammatory mediators and chromatin modifiers, is key. The repurposing of existing drugs to target potential candidates could reduce the mortality attributed to these associated neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Kumar
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ozasvi R Shanker
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Kumari
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - P Sarat Chandra
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Banerjee Dixit
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Banerjee
- Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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10
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Anderson EN, Morera AA, Kour S, Cherry JD, Ramesh N, Gleixner A, Schwartz JC, Ebmeier C, Old W, Donnelly CJ, Cheng JP, Kline AE, Kofler J, Stein TD, Pandey UB. Traumatic injury compromises nucleocytoplasmic transport and leads to TDP-43 pathology. eLife 2021; 10:e67587. [PMID: 34060470 PMCID: PMC8169113 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a predisposing factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Although defects in nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) is reported ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases, whether defects in NCT occur in TBI remains unknown. We performed proteomic analysis on Drosophila exposed to repeated TBI and identified resultant alterations in several novel molecular pathways. TBI upregulated nuclear pore complex (NPC) and nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) proteins as well as alter nucleoporin stability. Traumatic injury disrupted RanGAP1 and NPC protein distribution in flies and a rat model and led to coaggregation of NPC components and TDP-43. In addition, trauma-mediated NCT defects and lethality are rescued by nuclear export inhibitors. Importantly, genetic upregulation of nucleoporins in vivo and in vitro triggered TDP-43 cytoplasmic mislocalization, aggregation, and altered solubility and reduced motor function and lifespan of animals. We also found NUP62 pathology and elevated NUP62 concentrations in postmortem brain tissues of patients with mild or severe CTE as well as co-localization of NUP62 and TDP-43 in CTE. These findings indicate that TBI leads to NCT defects, which potentially mediate the TDP-43 pathology in CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Andrés A Morera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Sukhleen Kour
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Boston VA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
| | - Nandini Ramesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Amanda Gleixner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- LiveLike Lou Center for ALS Research, Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Jacob C Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Christopher Ebmeier
- Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - William Old
- Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Christopher J Donnelly
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- LiveLike Lou Center for ALS Research, Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
- Center for Neuroscience; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition; Critical Care Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Boston VA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
| | - Udai Bhan Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public HealthPittsburghUnited States
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11
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Zong Z, Wei Y, Ren J, Zhang L, Zhou F. The intersection of COVID-19 and cancer: signaling pathways and treatment implications. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:76. [PMID: 34001144 PMCID: PMC8126512 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a serious public health concern. Patients with cancer have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic. Increasing evidence has documented that patients with malignancies are highly susceptible to severe infections and mortality from COVID-19. Recent studies have also elucidated the molecular relationship between the two diseases, which may not only help optimize cancer care during the pandemic but also expand the treatment for COVID-19. In this review, we highlight the clinical and molecular similarities between cancer and COVID-19 and summarize the four major signaling pathways at the intersection of COVID-19 and cancer, namely, cytokine, type I interferon (IFN-I), androgen receptor (AR), and immune checkpoint signaling. In addition, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of repurposing anticancer treatment for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yujun Wei
- Anhui Anlong Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230041, China
| | - Jiang Ren
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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12
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Fung HYJ, Niesman A, Chook YM. An update to the CRM1 cargo/NES database NESdb. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:467-469. [PMID: 33720780 PMCID: PMC8101443 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-11-0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yee Joyce Fung
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75390
| | - Ashley Niesman
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75390
| | - Yuh Min Chook
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75390
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13
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Grosicki S, Simonova M, Spicka I, Pour L, Kriachok I, Gavriatopoulou M, Pylypenko H, Auner HW, Leleu X, Doronin V, Usenko G, Bahlis NJ, Hajek R, Benjamin R, Dolai TK, Sinha DK, Venner CP, Garg M, Gironella M, Jurczyszyn A, Robak P, Galli M, Wallington-Beddoe C, Radinoff A, Salogub G, Stevens DA, Basu S, Liberati AM, Quach H, Goranova-Marinova VS, Bila J, Katodritou E, Oliynyk H, Korenkova S, Kumar J, Jagannath S, Moreau P, Levy M, White D, Gatt ME, Facon T, Mateos MV, Cavo M, Reece D, Anderson LD, Saint-Martin JR, Jeha J, Joshi AA, Chai Y, Li L, Peddagali V, Arazy M, Shah J, Shacham S, Kauffman MG, Dimopoulos MA, Richardson PG, Delimpasi S. Once-per-week selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone versus twice-per-week bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with multiple myeloma (BOSTON): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2020; 396:1563-1573. [PMID: 33189178 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selinexor combined with dexamethasone has shown activity in patients with heavily pre-treated multiple myeloma. In a phase 1b/2 study, the combination of oral selinexor with bortezomib (a proteasome inhibitor) and dexamethasone induced high response rates with low rates of peripheral neuropathy, the main dose-limiting toxicity of bortezomib. We aimed to evaluate the clinical benefit of weekly selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone versus standard bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma. METHODS This phase 3, randomised, open-label trial was done at 123 sites in 21 countries. Patients aged 18 years or older, who had multiple myeloma, and who had previously been treated with one to three lines of therapy, including proteasome inhibitors, were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive selinexor (100 mg once per week), bortezomib (1·3 mg/m2 once per week), and dexamethasone (20 mg twice per week), or bortezomib (1·3 mg/m2 twice per week for the first 24 weeks and once per week thereafter) and dexamethasone (20 mg four times per week for the first 24 weeks and twice per week thereafter). Randomisation was done using interactive response technology and stratified by previous proteasome inhibitor therapy, lines of treatment, and multiple myeloma stage. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. Patients who received at least one dose of study treatment were included in the safety population. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03110562. The trial is ongoing, with 55 patients remaining on randomised therapy as of Feb 20, 2020. FINDINGS Of 457 patients screened for eligibility, 402 were randomly allocated-195 (49%) to the selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone group and 207 (51%) to the bortezomib and dexamethasone group-and the first dose of study medication was given between June 6, 2017, and Feb 5, 2019. Median follow-up durations were 13·2 months [IQR 6·2-19·8] for the selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone group and 16·5 months [9·4-19·8] for the bortezomib and dexamethasone group. Median progression-free survival was 13·93 months (95% CI 11·73-not evaluable) with selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone and 9·46 months (8·11-10·78) with bortezomib and dexamethasone (hazard ratio 0·70 [95% CI 0·53-0·93], p=0·0075). The most frequent grade 3-4 adverse events were thrombocytopenia (77 [39%] of 195 patients in the selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone group vs 35 [17%] of 204 in the bortezomib and dexamethasone group), fatigue (26 [13%] vs two [1%]), anaemia (31 [16%] vs 20 [10%]), and pneumonia (22 [11%] vs 22 [11%]). Peripheral neuropathy of grade 2 or above was less frequent with selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (41 [21%] patients) than with bortezomib and dexamethasone (70 [34%] patients; odds ratio 0·50 [95% CI 0·32-0·79], p=0·0013). 47 (24%) patients in the selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone group and 62 (30%) in the bortezomib and dexamethasone group died. INTERPRETATION A once-per-week regimen of selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone is a novel, effective, and convenient treatment option for patients with multiple myeloma who have received one to three previous lines of therapy. FUNDING Karyopharm Therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryana Simonova
- Institute of Blood Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Spicka
- Charles University and General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Pour
- Clinic of Internal Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Halyna Pylypenko
- Department of Hematology, Cherkassy Regional Oncological Center, Cherkassy, Ukraine
| | | | - Xavier Leleu
- Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and Inserm CIC 1402, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Ganna Usenko
- City Clinical Hospital 4 of Dnipro City Council, City Hematology Center, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Nizar J Bahlis
- Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Reuben Benjamin
- Kings College NHS Foundation Trust, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Tuphan K Dolai
- Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Dinesh K Sinha
- State Cancer Institute, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | | | - Mamta Garg
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pawel Robak
- Department of Hematology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monica Galli
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Galina Salogub
- Chemotherapy of Oncology Diseases-Bone Marrow Transplantation Department 1, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Don A Stevens
- Norton Cancer Institute, St Matthews Campus, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Supratik Basu
- New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust and University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Anna M Liberati
- Oncohematology Hospital S Maria Terni, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | - Hang Quach
- University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vesselina S Goranova-Marinova
- University Hospital "Sv Georgi" EAD, Clinic of Clinical Hematology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Jelena Bila
- Clinic for Hematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Hematology Department, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hanna Oliynyk
- Department of Hematology, Vinnytsia M I Pyrohov Regional Clinical Hospital, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Sybiryna Korenkova
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Kyiv Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Sundar Jagannath
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Moshe Levy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Darrell White
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Moshe E Gatt
- Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Thierry Facon
- CHU Lille Service des Maladies du Sang F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Michele Cavo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donna Reece
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Larry D Anderson
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yi Chai
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jatin Shah
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
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14
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Uddin MH, Zonder JA, Azmi AS. Exportin 1 inhibition as antiviral therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1775-1781. [PMID: 32569833 PMCID: PMC7305737 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19; caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2) is a currently global health problem. Previous studies showed that blocking nucleocytoplasmic transport with exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitors originally developed as anticancer drugs can quarantine key viral accessory proteins and genomic materials in the nucleus of host cell and reduce virus replication and immunopathogenicity. These observations support the concept of the inhibition of nuclear export as an effective strategy against an array of viruses, including influenza A, B, and SARS-CoV. Clinical studies using the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor as a therapy for COVID-19 infection are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Hafiz Uddin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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15
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Li X, Han X, Tu X, Zhu D, Feng Y, Jiang T, Yang Y, Qu J, Chen JG. An Autism-Related, Nonsense Foxp1 Mutant Induces Autophagy and Delays Radial Migration of the Cortical Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3193-3208. [PMID: 30124790 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that has a strong genetic component. Disruptions of FOXP1, a transcription factor expressed in the developing cerebral cortex, were associated with ASD. FOXP1(R525X) is a de novo heterozygous mutation found in patients with autism and severe mental retardation. To explore the neuronal basis of FOXP1(R525X) in ASD, we created Foxp1(R521X), a mouse homolog of the human variant. Ectopic expression of Foxp1(R521X) led to cytoplasmic aggregates and activated macroautophagy in neuroblastoma N2a cells and the developing neuronal cells. Cortical neurons expressing Foxp1(R521X) exhibited delayed migration and altered dendritic morphology. As a control, mutant Y435X that was expressed diffusively in the cytoplasm did not induce autophagy and migration delay in the cortex. The embryonic cortical cells had a minimal activity of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) as assayed by a splicing-dependent NMD reporter. We hypothesize that the developing neuronal cells use autophagy but not NMD as a safeguard mechanism against nonsense mutant aggregates, resulting in impairment of the cortical development. This study suggests a novel mechanism other than heterozygous loss of FOXP1 for the development of ASD and may advance our understanding of the complex relationships between gene mutation and the related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Tu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dan Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yue Feng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Youping Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jie-Guang Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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16
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Al-Horani RA, Kar S. Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics That Target the Post-Entry Stages of the Viral Life Cycle: A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2020; 12:E1092. [PMID: 32993173 PMCID: PMC7600245 DOI: 10.3390/v12101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to challenge health care systems around the world. Scientists and pharmaceutical companies have promptly responded by advancing potential therapeutics into clinical trials at an exponential rate. Initial encouraging results have been realized using remdesivir and dexamethasone. Yet, the research continues so as to identify better clinically relevant therapeutics that act either as prophylactics to prevent the infection or as treatments to limit the severity of COVID-19 and substantially decrease the mortality rate. Previously, we reviewed the potential therapeutics in clinical trials that block the early stage of the viral life cycle. In this review, we summarize potential anti-COVID-19 therapeutics that block/inhibit the post-entry stages of the viral life cycle. The review presents not only the chemical structures and mechanisms of the potential therapeutics under clinical investigation, i.e., listed in clinicaltrials.gov, but it also describes the relevant results of clinical trials. Their anti-inflammatory/immune-modulatory effects are also described. The reviewed therapeutics include small molecules, polypeptides, and monoclonal antibodies. At the molecular level, the therapeutics target viral proteins or processes that facilitate the post-entry stages of the viral infection. Frequent targets are the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the viral proteases such as papain-like protease (PLpro) and main protease (Mpro). Overall, we aim at presenting up-to-date details of anti-COVID-19 therapeutics so as to catalyze their potential effective use in fighting the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A. Al-Horani
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA;
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17
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Cantu D, Croker D, Shacham S, Tamir S, Dulla C. In vivo KPT-350 treatment decreases cortical hyperexcitability following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2020; 34:1489-1496. [PMID: 32853051 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2020.1807056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE We tested whether KPT-350, a novel selective inhibitor of nuclear export, could attenuate cortical network hyperexcitability, a major risk factor for developing post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). RESEARCH DESIGN All mice in this study underwent TBI and were subsequently treated with either KPT-350 or vehicle during the post-injury latent period. Half of the animal cohort was used for electrophysiology while the other half was used for immunohistochemical analysis. METHODS AND PROCEDURES TBI was induced using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model. Cortical network activity was recorded by evoking field potentials from deep layers of the cortex and analyzed using Matlab software. Immunohistochemistry coupled with fluorescence microscopy and Image J analysis detected changes in neuronal and glial markers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS KPT-350 attenuated TBI-associated epileptiform activity and restored disrupted input-output responses in cortical brain slices. In vivo KPT-350 treatment reduced the loss of parvalbumin-(+) GABAergic interneurons after CCI but did not significantly change CCI-induced loss of somatostatin-(+) GABAergic interneurons, nor did it reduce reactivity of GFAP and Iba1 glial markers. CONCLUSION KPT-350 can prevent cortical hyperexcitability and reduce the loss of parvalbumin-(+) GABAergic inhibitory neurons, making it a potential therapeutic option for preventing PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cantu
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle Croker
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Chris Dulla
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Shan Q, Li S, Cao Q, Yue C, Niu M, Chen X, Shi L, Li H, Gao S, Liang J, Yu R, Liu X. Inhibition of chromosomal region maintenance 1 suppresses the migration and invasion of glioma cells via inactivation of the STAT3/MMP2 signaling pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:193-201. [PMID: 32392910 PMCID: PMC7193913 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.3.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1) is associated with an adverse prognosis in glioma. We previously reported that CRM1 inhibition suppressed glioma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the role of CRM1 in the migration and invasion of glioma cells. S109, a novel reversible selective inhibitor of CRM1, was used to treat Human glioma U87 and U251 cells. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by wound-healing and transwell invasion assays. The results showed that S109 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of U87 and U251 cells. However, mutation of Cys528 in CRM1 abolished the inhibitory activity of S109 in glioma cells. Furthermore, we found that S109 treatment decreased the expression level and activity of MMP2 and reduced the level of phosphorylated STAT3 but not total STAT3. Therefore, the inhibition of migration and invasion induced by S109 may be associated with the downregulation of MMP2 activity and expression, and inactivation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. These results support our previous conclusion that inhibition of CRM1 is an attractive strategy for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Shan
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shengsheng Li
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Qiyu Cao
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Chenglong Yue
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Huan Li
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shangfeng Gao
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
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19
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Hightower RM, Reid AL, Gibbs DE, Wang Y, Widrick JJ, Kunkel LM, Kastenschmidt JM, Villalta SA, van Groen T, Chang H, Gornisiewicz S, Landesman Y, Tamir S, Alexander MS. The SINE Compound KPT-350 Blocks Dystrophic Pathologies in DMD Zebrafish and Mice. Mol Ther 2020; 28:189-201. [PMID: 31628052 PMCID: PMC6952030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle wasting disease that is caused by the loss of functional dystrophin protein in cardiac and skeletal muscles. DMD patient muscles become weakened, leading to eventual myofiber breakdown and replacement with fibrotic and adipose tissues. Inflammation drives the pathogenic processes through releasing inflammatory cytokines and other factors that promote skeletal muscle degeneration and contributing to the loss of motor function. Selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINEs) are a class of compounds that function by inhibiting the nuclear export protein exportin 1 (XPO1). The XPO1 protein is an important regulator of key inflammatory and neurological factors that drive inflammation and neurotoxicity in various neurological and neuromuscular diseases. Here, we demonstrate that SINE compound KPT-350 can ameliorate dystrophic-associated pathologies in the muscles of DMD models of zebrafish and mice. Thus, SINE compounds are a promising novel strategy for blocking dystrophic symptoms and could be used in combinatorial treatments for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylie M Hightower
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; UAB Center for Exercise Medicine (UCEM), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Andrea L Reid
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Devin E Gibbs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Widrick
- Division of Genetics and Genomics at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Louis M Kunkel
- Division of Genetics and Genomics at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jenna M Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - S Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Thomas van Groen
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hua Chang
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA 02459, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew S Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; UAB Center for Exercise Medicine (UCEM), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Genetics at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Civitan International Research Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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20
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Elkjaer ML, Frisch T, Reynolds R, Kacprowski T, Burton M, Kruse TA, Thomassen M, Baumbach J, Illes Z. Molecular signature of different lesion types in the brain white matter of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:205. [PMID: 31829262 PMCID: PMC6907342 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify pathogenetic markers and potential drivers of different lesion types in the white matter (WM) of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS), we sequenced RNA from 73 different WM areas. Compared to 25 WM controls, 6713 out of 18,609 genes were significantly differentially expressed in MS tissues (FDR < 0.05). A computational systems medicine analysis was performed to describe the MS lesion endophenotypes. The cellular source of specific molecules was examined by RNAscope, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. To examine common lesion specific mechanisms, we performed de novo network enrichment based on shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and found TGFβ-R2 as a central hub. RNAscope revealed astrocytes as the cellular source of TGFβ-R2 in remyelinating lesions. Since lesion-specific unique DEGs were more common than shared signatures, we examined lesion-specific pathways and de novo networks enriched with unique DEGs. Such network analysis indicated classic inflammatory responses in active lesions; catabolic and heat shock protein responses in inactive lesions; neuronal/axonal specific processes in chronic active lesions. In remyelinating lesions, de novo analyses identified axonal transport responses and adaptive immune markers, which was also supported by the most heterogeneous immunoglobulin gene expression. The signature of the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) was more similar to control WM than to lesions: only 465 DEGs differentiated NAWM from controls, and 16 were unique. The upregulated marker CD26/DPP4 was expressed by microglia in the NAWM but by mononuclear cells in active lesions, which may indicate a special subset of microglia before the lesion develops, but also emphasizes that omics related to MS lesions should be interpreted in the context of different lesions types. While chronic active lesions were the most distinct from control WM based on the highest number of unique DEGs (n = 2213), remyelinating lesions had the highest gene expression levels, and the most different molecular map from chronic active lesions. This may suggest that these two lesion types represent two ends of the spectrum of lesion evolution in PMS. The profound changes in chronic active lesions, the predominance of synaptic/neural/axonal signatures coupled with minor inflammation may indicate end-stage irreversible molecular events responsible for this less treatable phase.
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21
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Xu H, Li X, Wu X, Yang Y, Dai S, Lei T, Jing D, Luo P, Luo E. Iduna protects HT22 cells by inhibiting parthanatos: The role of the p53-MDM2 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111547. [PMID: 31472117 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and often fatal in current times. The role of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-induced cell death (parthanatos) in TBI has not been well studied. Our past study showed that oxidative stress-induced cell death includes parthanatos by confirming the occurrence of PARP activation and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). As oxidative stress plays a key role in pathological progression after TBI, we believe TBI may also be alleviated by the expression of Iduna, which is the only known endogenous regulator of parthanatos. Thus, a transection model in HT-22 cells was established for present study. Downregulation of Iduna aggravated the cell damage caused by mechanical cell injury, whereas upregulation of Iduna reduced mitochondrial dysfunction induced by mechanical cell injury but exerted no effect on apoptosis associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. By contrast, Iduna prevented parthanatos by reducing PARP activation and nuclear translocation of AIF. We also investigated 2 novel p53-MDM2 pathway inhibitors, AMG 232 and Nutlin-3, which substantially reduced the protective effects of Iduna. These findings indicate that Iduna might prevent TBI by specifically inhibiting parthanatos and promoting mitochondrial function, with the p53-MDM2 pathway playing a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; The 251th Hospital of PLA, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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22
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Liu Y, Duan C, Liu W, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu X, Yue J, Yang J, Zhou X. Upregulation of let-7f-2-3p by long noncoding RNA NEAT1 inhibits XPO1-mediated HAX-1 nuclear export in both in vitro and in vivo rodent models of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3261-3276. [PMID: 31570982 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical application of doxorubicin (Dox) is limited due to its undesirable side effects, especially cardiotoxicity. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) such as microRNA-140-5p and miR-23a aggravate Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Here we demonstrate that upregulation of miRNA let-7f-2-3p by long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 inhibits exportin-1 (XPO1)-mediated nuclear export of hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Treatment of the H9c2 cells with the Dox (1 μM) for 6 h inhibited HAX-1 nuclear export and decreased XPO1 expression. Overexpression of XPO1 significantly attenuated the Dox-induced leakage of myocardial enzymes (creatine phosphokinase, creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis with the increased HAX-1 nuclear export. Differentially expressed miRNAs including let-7f-2-3p were selected from the Dox or vehicle-treated cardiomyocytes. TargetScan and luciferase assay showed that let-7f-2-3p targeted XPO1 3' UTR. Inhibition of let-7f-2-3p reduced Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and apoptosis by inhibiting XPO1-mediated HAX-1 nuclear export, whereas let-7f-2-3p overexpression aggravated these effects. In addition, lncRNA NEAT1 was identified as an endogenous sponge RNA to repress let-7f-2-3p expression. Overexpression of lncRNA NEAT1 abolished the increased let-7f-2-3p expression by Dox, and thereby attenuated cardiotoxicity. The loss function of let-7f-2-3p increased XPO1-mediated HAX-1 nuclear export and reduced myocardial injury in Dox (20 mg/kg)-treated rats. Importantly, let-7f-2-3p inhibition in mice alleviated Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and preserved the antitumor efficacy. Together, let-7f-2-3p regulated by lncRNA NEAT1 aggravates Dox-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibiting XPO1-mediated HAX-1 nuclear export, and may serve as a potential therapeutic target against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Cardiotoxicity
- Cell Line
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Doxorubicin/toxicity
- Heart/drug effects
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Up-Regulation
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhuo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chenfan Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xuewei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiang Yue
- Department of Pharmacology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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23
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Kitada M, Dezawa M. Congress report: A report of the 16th Congress of the Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Regen Ther 2018; 8:15-19. [PMID: 30271861 PMCID: PMC6146112 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The 16th Congress of the Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine was held from March 7-9, 2017, at Sendai International Center (Sendai city). The theme of this congress was "the renaissance of regenerative medicine" and it was an opportunity for information exchange between industry-leading researchers, doctors/dentists, and industry professionals. The objectives of the congress were to provide a place to promote and develop research in regenerative medicine. Numerous topics were covered in the 1 presidential lecture, 1 congress chair's lecture, 3 special lectures, the special symposia (2 sessions, 10 topics), symposia (41 sessions, 227 topics), evening symposia (3 sessions, 12 topics), joint symposium with another society (1 session, 4 topics), and presentations covering regular presentations including distinct presentations (oral presentations, 2 sessions, 8 topics), oral presentations (65 sessions, 383 topics), and poster presentations (44 sessions, 339 topics). There were co-organized seminars including 31 sessions for co-organized luncheon seminars, 2 sessions for co-organized evening seminars, and an up-to-date technology introduction corner, which hosted 153 organizations. Additionally, 4 special seminars and 3 hands-on training programs were hosted as part of the hands-on learning program for high school students during the congress. There were 3527 participants, and the event was a great success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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24
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TDP43 nuclear export and neurodegeneration in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4606. [PMID: 29545601 PMCID: PMC5854632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22858-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders marked in most cases by the nuclear exclusion and cytoplasmic deposition of the RNA binding protein TDP43. We previously demonstrated that ALS-associated mutant TDP43 accumulates within the cytoplasm, and that TDP43 mislocalization predicts neurodegeneration. Here, we sought to prevent neurodegeneration in ALS/FTD models using selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds that target exportin-1 (XPO1). SINE compounds modestly extend cellular survival in neuronal ALS/FTD models and mitigate motor symptoms in an in vivo rat ALS model. At high doses, SINE compounds block nuclear egress of an XPO1 cargo reporter, but not at lower concentrations that were associated with neuroprotection. Neither SINE compounds nor leptomycin B, a separate XPO1 inhibitor, enhanced nuclear TDP43 levels, while depletion of XPO1 or other exportins had little effect on TDP43 localization, suggesting that no single exporter is necessary for TDP43 export. Supporting this hypothesis, we find overexpression of XPO1, XPO7 and NXF1 are each sufficient to promote nuclear TDP43 egress. Taken together, our results indicate that redundant pathways regulate TDP43 nuclear export, and that therapeutic prevention of cytoplasmic TDP43 accumulation in ALS/FTD may be enhanced by targeting several overlapping mechanisms.
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25
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Chou CC, Zhang Y, Umoh ME, Vaughan SW, Lorenzini I, Liu F, Sayegh M, Donlin-Asp PG, Chen YH, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Powers MA, Kukar T, Hales CM, Gearing M, Cairns NJ, Boylan KB, Dickson DW, Rademakers R, Zhang YJ, Petrucelli L, Sattler R, Zarnescu DC, Glass JD, Rossoll W. TDP-43 pathology disrupts nuclear pore complexes and nucleocytoplasmic transport in ALS/FTD. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:228-239. [PMID: 29311743 PMCID: PMC5800968 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is a common histopathological hallmark of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum (ALS/FTD). However, the composition of aggregates and their contribution to the disease process remain unknown. Here we used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) to interrogate the interactome of detergent-insoluble TDP-43 aggregates and found them enriched for components of the nuclear pore complex and nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery. Aggregated and disease-linked mutant TDP-43 triggered the sequestration and/or mislocalization of nucleoporins and transport factors, and interfered with nuclear protein import and RNA export in mouse primary cortical neurons, human fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Nuclear pore pathology is present in brain tissue in cases of sporadic ALS and those involving genetic mutations in TARDBP and C9orf72. Our data strongly implicate TDP-43-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport defects as a common disease mechanism in ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chieh Chou
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mfon E Umoh
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Spencer W Vaughan
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ileana Lorenzini
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Feilin Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Melissa Sayegh
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paul G Donlin-Asp
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yu Han Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maureen A Powers
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas Kukar
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chadwick M Hales
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kevin B Boylan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Rita Sattler
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Daniela C Zarnescu
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory ALS Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wilfried Rossoll
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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26
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Lundberg L, Pinkham C, de la Fuente C, Brahms A, Shafagati N, Wagstaff KM, Jans DA, Tamir S, Kehn-Hall K. Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) Compounds Alter New World Alphavirus Capsid Localization and Reduce Viral Replication in Mammalian Cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005122. [PMID: 27902702 PMCID: PMC5130180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The capsid structural protein of the New World alphavirus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), interacts with the host nuclear transport proteins importin α/β1 and CRM1. Novel selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds, KPT-185, KPT-335 (verdinexor), and KPT-350, target the host's primary nuclear export protein, CRM1, in a manner similar to the archetypical inhibitor Leptomycin B. One major limitation of Leptomycin B is its irreversible binding to CRM1; which SINE compounds alleviate because they are slowly reversible. Chemically inhibiting CRM1 with these compounds enhanced capsid localization to the nucleus compared to the inactive compound KPT-301, as indicated by immunofluorescent confocal microscopy. Differences in extracellular versus intracellular viral RNA, as well as decreased capsid in cell free supernatants, indicated the inhibitors affected viral assembly, which led to a decrease in viral titers. The decrease in viral replication was confirmed using a luciferase-tagged virus and through plaque assays. SINE compounds had no effect on VEEV TC83_Cm, which encodes a mutated form of capsid that is unable to enter the nucleus. Serially passaging VEEV in the presence of KPT-185 resulted in mutations within the nuclear localization and nuclear export signals of capsid. Finally, SINE compound treatment also reduced the viral titers of the related eastern and western equine encephalitis viruses, suggesting that CRM1 maintains a common interaction with capsid proteins across the New World alphavirus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Lundberg
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Chelsea Pinkham
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Cynthia de la Fuente
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ashwini Brahms
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Nazly Shafagati
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kylie M. Wagstaff
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A. Jans
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon Tamir
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
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