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Pesqué D, Aerts O, Bizjak M, Gonçalo M, Dugonik A, Simon D, Ljubojević-Hadzavdić S, Malinauskiene L, Wilkinson M, Czarnecka-Operacz M, Krecisz B, John SM, Balato A, Ayala F, Rustemeyer T, Giménez-Arnau AM. Differential diagnosis of contact dermatitis: A practical-approach review by the EADV Task Force on contact dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38713001 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.20052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The diagnosis of eczema ('dermatitis') is mostly clinical and depends on the clinical history and exploratory objective findings (primary lesions, patterns). Contact dermatitis remains as an important condition in the group of eczematous disorders, with important socioeconomic and occupational relevance. Although irritant and allergic contact dermatitis have a different pathogenesis, both are characterized by a rather typical morphology, are triggered by external factors and tend to occur primarily in the area of contact with the exogenous agent. In addition, allergic and irritant dermatitis may also co-exist. The importance of diagnosing contact dermatitis, especially when allergic in nature, is both due to the possibility of avoiding the trigger, and due to its role in aggravating other skin conditions. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of clinical presentations in daily practice may pose an important challenge for the suspicion and correct diagnosis of contact dermatitis. Furthermore, other conditions, with different pathogenesis and treatment, may clinically simulate contact dermatitis. The Task Force aims to conduct a review of the unifying clinical features of contact dermatitis and characterize its main clinical phenotypes, and its simulators, in order to contribute to an early suspicion or recognition of contact dermatitis and enable a correct differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pesqué
- Dermatology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research Group Immunology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mojca Bizjak
- Division of Allergy, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aleksandra Dugonik
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Suzana Ljubojević-Hadzavdić
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Malinauskiene
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- Leeds Centre for Dermatology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Beata Krecisz
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Swen M John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Anna Balato
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Ayala
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Dermato-Allergology and Occupational Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Dermatology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Rosenberg FM, Wardenaar R, Voorberg AN, Spierings DCJ, Schuttelaar MLA. Transcriptional differences between vesicular hand eczema and atopic dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:23-31. [PMID: 37857578 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptome analyses of vesicular hand eczema (VHE) indicated a large overlap with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that differentiate VHE from AD are unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify distinctive transcriptional features of VHE in comparison to AD. METHODS We re-analysed RNA sequencing data of 10 lesional palmar VHE epidermal biopsies and performed DEG analyses. We adjusted the obtained DEG results of 57 lesional whole AD skin biopsies of the upper extremities or trunk to our criteria. Up- and down-regulated DEGs in both skin diseases, VHE-only, AD-only, and opposite regulated DEGs were identified. Enrichment analyses and Chi-squared tests were conducted to test for differences in gene set enrichment between both skin diseases. RESULTS Comparing 3028 DEGs in VHE (1645 up; 1383 down) with 5391 DEGs in AD (3842 up; 1549 down), revealed 1516 shared DEGs (1179 up; 337 down) and 1512 DEGs unique to VHE (466 up, 1046 down). Interferon signalling and necroptosis were significantly more prominent in VHE compared to AD. Downregulated genes identified only in VHE (like DNASE1L2, KRT2, KRT9 and KRT25) indicate an aberrant epidermal differentiation. CONCLUSION Our study indicates a common pathophysiology between VHE and AD, but also reveals transcriptional differences between VHE and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fieke M Rosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - René Wardenaar
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Angelique N Voorberg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana C J Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Louise A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Li L, Liu C, Fu J, Wang Y, Yang D, Peng B, Liu X, Han X, Meng Y, Feng F, Hu X, Qi C, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Li P. CD44 targeted indirubin nanocrystal-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel for the treatment of psoriasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 243:125239. [PMID: 37295696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in transdermal drug delivery for treating psoriasis, there are still unmet medical needs, hyaluronic acid (HA)-based topical formulations as nanocarriers, which can increase drug concentration in psoriatic skin through CD44-assisted targeting. Here, HA was utilized as a matrix for nanocrystal-based hydrogel (NC-gel) to deliver indirubin topically for psoriasis treatments. Indirubin nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared through wet media milling and were then mixed with HA to create indirubin NC/HA gels. A mouse model of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis and M5-induced keratinocyte proliferation were established. Then, the efficacy of indirubin delivery targeted at CD44, and anti-psoriatic efficacy using indirubin NC/HA gels (HA-NC-IR group) were evaluated. The HA hydrogel network embedding indirubin NCs enhanced cutaneous absorption of poorly water-soluble indirubin. The co-localization of CD44 and HA in psoriasis-like inflamed skin was highly elevated, suggesting that indirubin NC/HA gels specifically adhered to CD44, leading to an increase in indirubin accumulation in the skin. Additionally, indirubin NC/HA gels enhanced the anti-psoriatic effect of indirubin in both a mouse model and HaCaT cells stimulated with M5. The results indicate that NC/HA gels targeting overexpressed CD44 protein can improve the delivery of topical indirubin to psoriatic inflamed tissues. This suggests that a topical drug delivery system could be a viable approach for formulating multiple insoluble natural products to treat psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Danyang Yang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Bing Peng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xuyang Han
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yujiao Meng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Fang Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Cong Qi
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yazhuo Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China.
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Grada A, Bunick CG. Demystifying Hand Eczema. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)01953-X. [PMID: 37115112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Grada
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Christopher G Bunick
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Qureshi HA, Azimi A, Wells J, Fernandez-Penas P. Tape stripped stratum corneum samples are suitable for diagnosis and comprehensive proteomic investigation in mycosis fungoides. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023; 17:e2200039. [PMID: 36824058 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycosis Fungoides (MF) is a common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It can sometimes be challenging to diagnose MF using current clinico-histopathological criteria. Non-invasive molecular profiling analysis has the potential to aid the diagnosis and understanding of MF. METHOD Lesional and body site matched normal stratum corneum samples were obtained from the same MF patients (n = 28) using adhesive discs, followed by proteomic analyses using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). Differential abundance analyses and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially abundant proteins and altered biofunctions between the MF and normal stratum corneum samples. RESULTS In total, 1303 proteins were identified, of which 290 proteins were significantly changed in the MF cohort compared to the normal stratum corneum. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) predicted the significant inhibition of cell death of cancer cells and significant activation of immune-related activities and viral infection in the MF lesions. MF lesions were also associated with upstream regulators relating to immuno-oncologic dysfunctions. The top-250 variating proteins efficiently separated normal stratum corneum from matched MF samples. CONCLUSION Non-invasive proteomic analysis could transform the diagnosis of MF by reducing the need for invasive biopsy. The identification of altered biological functions may serve as useful biomarkers to predict MF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Anees Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ali Azimi
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jillian Wells
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pablo Fernandez-Penas
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Zhou Y, Yang L, Lyu Y, Wu D, Zhu Y, Li J, Jiang D, Xin X, Yin L. Topical Delivery of ROS-Responsive Methotrexate Prodrug Nanoassemblies by a Dissolvable Microneedle Patch for Psoriasis Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:899-915. [PMID: 36824414 PMCID: PMC9941683 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s394957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxidative stress, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and adenosine signaling are factors associated with psoriatic inflammation. Topical delivery of methotrexate (MTX) has become an option to overcome the side effects caused by systemic therapy in psoriasis, leading to the suppression of NF-κB activation through boosting adenosine release. However, thickened psoriatic skin is the primary restriction against local drug delivery. Methods In this study, a ROS responsive MTX prodrug (MTX-TK-HA) was synthesized with the feature of CD44 mediated active targeting to hyperproliferative keratinocytes. MTX prodrug and PLA-mPEG were formulated by nano-precipitation method to develop the MTX-TK-HA/PLA-mPEG nanoassemblies. To achieve painless transdermal delivery, a dissolving microneedle was applied for direct loading of these nanoassemblies by micromolding technique. The particle size, zeta potential, ROS-responsiveness, permeability, and mechanical strength of nanoassemblies and microneedle arrays were determined, respectively. Then, MTT assay, immunoblot analysis, ELISA assay, flow cytometry, and histological staining were utilized to thoroughly evaluate the efficacy of nanoassemblies-loaded microneedles in an imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse model. Results Nanoassemblies-loaded microneedle arrays were capable of significantly penetrating imiquimod-induced psoriatic epidermis in mice. The efficient topical delivery of these nanoassemblies was achieved by potent mechanical strength and hyaluronic acid as the dissolvable matrix for microneedle arrays. CD44-mediated endocytosis enabled the intracellular uptake of nanoassemblies in keratinocytes, and methotrexate was released from MTX-TK-HA with ROS stimuli, followed by suppressing the proliferation of epidermal cells via NF-κB pathway blockade. Conclusion In a psoriatic mouse model, nanoassemblies loaded microneedle arrays relieve inflammatory skin disorders via regulation of adenosine and NF-κB signaling. Our study offered a rational design for the transdermal delivery of hydrophobic agents and defined an effective therapeutic option for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifu Lyu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dabo Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifang Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Lifang Yin; Xiaofei Xin, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 (025)83271018, Email ;
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The proteome of hand eczema assessed by tape stripping. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)00071-4. [PMID: 36773646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Hand eczema (HE) is a prevalent skin disease. However, classification of HE into different subtypes remains challenging. Limited number of prior studies have employed invasive biopsy-based strategies; yet, studies of the HE proteome using non-invasive tape stripping methodology have not been reported. In this study, we wanted to assess whether global proteomic analysis of skin tape strip samples can be used for sub-classification of HE patients. Tape strips were collected from patients with HE and healthy skin. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) proteomics was performed, and the global protein expression was analyzed. We identified 2,919 proteins in stratum corneum-derived skin cells from tape strip samples. Compared to healthy skin, the lesional samples from HE patients exhibited increased expression of immune-related markers and a decreased expression of structural barrier proteins. The difference between HE subtypes was restricted to the lesional skin areas, and included an increased expression of skin barrier-related proteins independently of the concurrent AD. In conclusion we found, that the non-invasive tape strip method used in combination with LC/MS proteomics can be used for analysis of skin protein expression in HE patients. Thus, the method shows potential for assessing the proteomic differences between subtypes of HE, and biomarker discovery.
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Lu J, Guo T, Fan Y, Li Z, He Z, Yin S, Feng N. Recent Developments in the Principles, Modification and Application Prospects of Functionalized Ethosomes for Topical Delivery. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 18:570-582. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200826093102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery helps to circumvent the first-pass effect of drugs and to avoid
drug-induced gastrointestinal tract irritation, compared with oral administration. With the extensive
application of ethosomes in transdermal delivery, the shortages of them have been noticed continuously.
Due to the high concentration of volatile ethanol in ethosomes, there are problems of drug leakage, system
instability, and ethosome-induced skin irritation. Thus, there is a growing interest in the development
of new generations of ethosomal systems. Functionalized ethosomes have the advantages of increased
stability, improved transdermal performances, an extended prolonged drug release profile and
site-specific delivery, due to their functional materials. To comprehensively understand this novel carrier,
this review summarizes the properties of functionalized ethosomes, their mechanism through the
skin and their modifications with different materials, validating their potential as promising transdermal
drug delivery carriers. Although functionalized ethosomes have presented a greater role for enhanced
topical delivery, challenges regarding their design and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yunlong Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zehui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Gomisin M2 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions via Inhibition of STAT1 and NF-κB Activation in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene/ Dermatophagoides farinae Extract-Induced BALB/c Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154409. [PMID: 34361560 PMCID: PMC8346973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracts of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Schisandraceae) have various therapeutic effects, including inflammation and allergy. In this study, gomisin M2 (GM2) was isolated from S. chinensis and its beneficial effects were assessed against atopic dermatitis (AD). We evaluated the therapeutic effects of GM2 on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE)-induced AD-like skin lesions with BALB/c mice ears and within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated keratinocytes. The oral administration of GM2 resulted in reduced epidermal and dermal thickness, infiltration of tissue eosinophils, mast cells, and helper T cells in AD-like lesions. GM2 suppressed the expression of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12a, and TSLP in ear tissue and the expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17A in auricular lymph nodes. GM2 also inhibited STAT1 and NF-κB phosphorylation in DNCB/DFE-induced AD-like lesions. The oral administration of GM2 reduced levels of IgE (DFE-specific and total) and IgG2a in the mice sera, as well as protein levels of IL-4, IL-6, and TSLP in ear tissues. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes, GM2 significantly inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL22 through the suppression of STAT1 phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Taken together, these results indicate that GM2 is a biologically active compound that exhibits inhibitory effects on skin inflammation and suggests that GM2 might serve as a remedy in inflammatory skin diseases, specifically on AD.
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Modulation of Gene Expression in a Sterile Atopic Dermatitis Model and Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Adhesion by Fucoidan. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:69-83. [PMID: 33806193 PMCID: PMC8103255 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial pathology that includes perturbations of gene expression and increased adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus. Fucoidans are seaweed-derived sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides that are known to be anti-inflammatory and may inhibit adhesion of pathogens. Fucoidan was assessed for effects on gene expression of an in vitro 3D model of atopic dermatitis. It was also assessed for inhibitory effects on the adhesion of bacteria onto 3D reconstructed skin. Fucoidan significantly altered gene expression in the atopic dermatitis model, and there was a trend to reduce periostin levels. Fucoidan significantly inhibited the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes but did not affect the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Fucoidan may be a useful topical agent to assist in the management of atopic dermatitis.
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Kleiser S, Nyström A. Interplay between Cell-Surface Receptors and Extracellular Matrix in Skin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1170. [PMID: 32796709 PMCID: PMC7465455 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin consists of the epidermis and dermis, which are connected by a specialized basement membrane-the epidermal basement membrane. Both the epidermal basement membrane and the underlying interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) created by dermal fibroblasts contain distinct network-forming macromolecules. These matrices play various roles in order to maintain skin homeostasis and integrity. Within this complex interplay of cells and matrices, cell surface receptors play essential roles not only for inside-out and outside-in signaling, but also for establishing mechanical and biochemical properties of skin. Already minor modulations of this multifactorial cross-talk can lead to severe and systemic diseases. In this review, major epidermal and dermal cell surface receptors will be addressed with respect to their interactions with matrix components as well as their roles in fibrotic, inflammatory or tumorigenic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Kleiser
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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