1
|
Zheng YY, Xu H, Wang YS. Progress in direct reprogramming of dopaminergic cell replacement therapy. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:873-881. [PMID: 37945931 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradual neurodegenerative disease. While drug therapy and surgical treatments have been the primary means of addressing PD, they do not offer a cure, and the risks associated with surgical treatment are high. Recent advances in cell reprogramming have given rise to new prospects for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), induced dopamine neurons (iDNs), and induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) being created. These cells can potentially be used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. On the other hand, this article emphasizes the limits of iPSCs and iNSCs in the context of Parkinson's disease treatment, as well as approaches for direct reprogramming of somatic cells into iDNs. The paper will examine the benefits and drawbacks of directly converting somatic cells into iDNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Human Resources Department, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Si Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
- Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee Y, Kim M, Lee M, So S, Kang SS, Choi J, Kim D, Heo H, Lee SS, Park HR, Ko JJ, Song J, Kang E. Mitochondrial genome mutations and neuronal dysfunction of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13274. [PMID: 35698260 PMCID: PMC9251050 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are materials that can be used for autologous stem cell therapy. We screened mtDNA mutations in iPSCs and iPSC-derived neuronal cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Also, we investigated whether the mutations could affect mitochondrial function and deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) in differentiated neuronal cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS mtDNA mutations were measured and compared among iPSCs and iPSC-derived neuronal cells. The selected iPSCs carrying mtDNA mutations were subcloned, and then their growth rate and neuronal differentiation pattern were analyzed. The differentiated cells were measured for mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, as well as deposition of Aβ. RESULTS Most iPSCs from subjects with AD harbored ≥1 mtDNA mutations, and the number of mutations was significantly higher than that from umbilical cord blood. About 35% and 40% of mutations in iPSCs were shared with isogenic iPSCs and their differentiated neuronal precursor cells, respectively, with similar or different heteroplasmy. Furthermore, the mutations in clonal iPSCs were stable during extended culture and neuronal differentiation. Finally, mtDNA mutations could induce a growth advantage with higher viability and proliferation, lower mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, as well as increased Aβ deposition. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that mtDNA mutations in patients with AD could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerated Aβ deposition. Therefore, early screening for mtDNA mutations in iPSC lines would be essential for developing autologous cell therapy or drug screening for patients with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeonmi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Center for Embryo & Stem Cell Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,iPS Bio, Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Miju Lee
- iPS Bio, Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun So
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Suk Kang
- Center for Embryo & Stem Cell Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwan Choi
- Center for Embryo & Stem Cell Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokhoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyohoon Heo
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung Jae Ko
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Center for Embryo & Stem Cell Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,iPS Bio, Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Center for Embryo & Stem Cell Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohamed NV, Larroquette F, Beitel LK, Fon EA, Durcan TM. One Step Into the Future: New iPSC Tools to Advance Research in Parkinson's Disease and Neurological Disorders. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 9:265-281. [PMID: 30741685 PMCID: PMC6597965 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-181515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studying Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the laboratory presents many challenges, the main one being the limited availability of human cells and tissue from affected individuals. As PD is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the brain, it is nearly impossible for researchers to access and extract these cells from living patients. Thus, in the past PD research has focused on the use of patients’ post-mortem tissues, animal models, or immortalized cell lines to dissect cellular pathways of interest. While these strategies deepened our knowledge of pathological mechanisms in PD, they failed to faithfully capture key mechanisms at play in the human brain. The emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology is revolutionizing PD research, as it allows for the differentiation and growth of human DA neurons in vitro, holding immense potential not only for modelling PD, but also for identifying novel therapies. However, to reproduce the complexity of the brain’s environment, researchers are recognizing the need to further develop and refine iPSC-based tools. In this review, we provide an overview of different systems now available for the study of PD, with a particular emphasis on the potential and limitations of iPSC as research tools to generate more relevant models of PD pathophysiology and advance the drug discovery process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen-Vi Mohamed
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédérique Larroquette
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lenore K Beitel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Edward A Fon
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Iarkov A, Barreto GE, Grizzell JA, Echeverria V. Strategies for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: Beyond Dopamine. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:4. [PMID: 32076403 PMCID: PMC7006457 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-leading cause of dementia and is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra alongside the presence of intraneuronal α-synuclein-positive inclusions. Therapies to date have been directed to the restoration of the dopaminergic system, and the prevention of dopaminergic neuronal cell death in the midbrain. This review discusses the physiological mechanisms involved in PD as well as new and prospective therapies for the disease. The current data suggest that prevention or early treatment of PD may be the most effective therapeutic strategy. New advances in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PD predict the development of more personalized and integral therapies in the years to come. Thus, the development of more reliable biomarkers at asymptomatic stages of the disease, and the use of genetic profiling of patients will surely permit a more effective treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Iarkov
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - J Alex Grizzell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang F, Liu CL, Tong MM, Zhao Z, Chen SQ. Both Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signaling pathways are involved in BDNF-induced differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into neural stem cells. Neurosci Lett 2019; 708:134345. [PMID: 31229623 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neural stem cells (NSCs), its exact mechanism remains unelucidated. Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 are two important signalling pathways of the Wnt and MAPK signalling cascades and are speculated to be closely related to the differentiation of cells. In this study, we reported the role of the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signalling pathways on the BDNF-induced differentiation of iPSCs into NSCs. We examined the expression of β-catenin and p-ERK5 using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-induced silencing of β-catenin and ERK genes. We found that BDNF significantly improved the efficiency of iPSC differentiation and that the expression of β-catenin and p-ERK5 in the BDNF culture medium was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, we found that the expression of the β-catenin component was downregulated by siRNA-β-catenin, and the expression of the p-ERK5 component was downregulated by siRNA-ERK5. Flow cytometry showed that the differentiation rate of iPSCs was also significantly decreased by RNA interference. The results suggested that the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signalling pathways are activated in the process of BDNF-induced iPSC differentiation. Interestingly, our study showed that siRNA-ERK5 not only inhibits the activity of the ERK5 signalling pathway but also partially controls the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. The results suggested that the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signalling pathways are not independently involved in the process of BDNF-induced iPSC differentiation. Our study showed that BDNF promotes the differentiation of iPSCs into NSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signalling pathways, and an interconnected relationship may exist between the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK5 signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Stem cells research center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, China
| | - Chen-Lu Liu
- Stem cells research center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, China
| | - Ming-Min Tong
- Stem cells research center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- Neurology department, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, China
| | - Shuang-Qing Chen
- Stem cells research center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dalla Vecchia E, Mortimer N, Palladino VS, Kittel-Schneider S, Lesch KP, Reif A, Schenck A, Norton WH. Cross-species models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: lessons from CNTNAP2, ADGRL3, and PARK2. Psychiatr Genet 2019; 29:1-17. [PMID: 30376466 PMCID: PMC7654943 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Animal and cellular models are essential tools for all areas of biological research including neuroscience. Model systems can also be used to investigate the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this review, we provide a summary of animal and cellular models for three genes linked to ADHD and ASD in human patients - CNTNAP2, ADGRL3, and PARK2. We also highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each model system. By bringing together behavioral and neurobiological data, we demonstrate how a cross-species approach can provide integrated insights into gene function and the pathogenesis of ADHD and ASD. The knowledge gained from transgenic models will be essential to discover and validate new treatment targets for these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Dalla Vecchia
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Niall Mortimer
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Centre of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Viola S. Palladino
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Centre of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - William H.J. Norton
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Ge M, Hao Q, Dong B. Induced pluripotent stem cells in rat models of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Rep 2018; 8:289-296. [PMID: 29564126 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat models of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been evaluated in multiple studies. However, the results evaluating the effectiveness of iPSCs in animal models of PD are mixed, primarily due to their low statistical power. In the current study, a meta-analysis was performed to describe the treatment effect of unsorted iPSCs on behavioral testing in experimental rat models of PD. Databases searched included PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2017. Data were extracted for rotation behavior tests (induced by amphetamine and apomorphine) and limb function tests. A total of eight studies were included in the current meta-analysis, and iPSCs were identified to be efficacious according to the pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) for improving amphetamine-induced rotational behavior [SMD, -2.16; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), -2.93, -1.40; P<0.00001] and apomorphine-induced rotational test (SMD, -1.45; 95% CI, -2.16, -0.73; P<0.0001). The pooled evidence indicated that iPSCs improve rotational behavior in rat models of PD. It was concluded that iPSCs provide a potential approach for developing novel treatment strategies for PD, and the results of this meta-analysis may guide future preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China.,The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Ge
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiukui Hao
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Birong Dong
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Establishment of integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells from human recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 89:263-271. [PMID: 29229433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology enables patient-specific pluripotent stem cells to be derived from adult somatic cells without the use of an embryonic cell source. To date, recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB)-specific iPSCs have been generated from patients using integrating retroviral vectors. However, vector integration into the host genome can endanger the biosafety and differentiation propensities of iPSCs. Although various integration-free reprogramming systems have been reported, their utility in reprogramming somatic cells from patients remains largely undetermined. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to establish safe iPSCs from keratinocytes of RDEB patients using non-integration vector. METHOD We optimized and infected non-integrating Sendai viral vectors to reprogram keratinocytes from healthy volunteers and RDEB patients. RESULTS Sendai vector infection led to the reproducible generation of genomic modification-free iPSCs from these keratinocytes, which was proved by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, methylation assay, teratoma assay and embryoid body formation assay. Furthermore, we confirmed that these iPSCs have the potential to differentiate into dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. CONCLUSION This is the first report to prove that the Sendai vector system facilitates the reliable reprogramming of patient keratinocytes into transgene-free iPSCs, providing another pluripotent platform for personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to RDEB.
Collapse
|
9
|
Non-human primate models of PD to test novel therapies. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:291-324. [PMID: 28391443 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-human primate (NHP) models of Parkinson disease show many similarities with the human disease. They are very useful to test novel pharmacotherapies as reviewed here. The various NHP models of this disease are described with their characteristics including the macaque, the marmoset, and the squirrel monkey models. Lesion-induced and genetic models are described. There is no drug to slow, delay, stop, or cure Parkinson disease; available treatments are symptomatic. The dopamine precursor, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa) still remains the gold standard symptomatic treatment of Parkinson. However, involuntary movements termed L-Dopa-induced dyskinesias appear in most patients after chronic treatment and may become disabling. Dyskinesias are very difficult to manage and there is only amantadine approved providing only a modest benefit. In this respect, NHP models have been useful to seek new drug targets, since they reproduce motor complications observed in parkinsonian patients. Therapies to treat motor symptoms in NHP models are reviewed with a discussion of their translational value to humans. Disease-modifying treatments tested in NHP are reviewed as well as surgical treatments. Many biochemical changes in the brain of post-mortem Parkinson disease patients with dyskinesias are reviewed and compare well with those observed in NHP models. Non-motor symptoms can be categorized into psychiatric, autonomic, and sensory symptoms. These symptoms are present in most parkinsonian patients and are already installed many years before the pre-motor phase of the disease. The translational usefulness of NHP models of Parkinson is discussed for non-motor symptoms.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sami N, Rahman S, Kumar V, Zaidi S, Islam A, Ali S, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Protein aggregation, misfolding and consequential human neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Neurosci 2017; 127:1047-1057. [PMID: 28110595 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1286339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are major components of the biological functions in a cell. Biology demands that a protein must fold into its stable three-dimensional structure to become functional. In an unfavorable cellular environment, protein may get misfolded resulting in its aggregation. These conformational disorders are directly related to the tissue damage resulting in cellular dysfunction giving rise to different diseases. This way, several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson Huntington diseases and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are caused. Misfolding of the protein is prevented by innate molecular chaperones of different classes. It is envisaged that work on this line is likely to translate the knowledge into the development of possible strategies for early diagnosis and efficient management of such related human diseases. The present review deals with the human neurodegenerative diseases caused due to the protein misfolding highlighting pathomechanisms and therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sami
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- b Department of Medical Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
| | - Vijay Kumar
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Asimul Islam
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Sher Ali
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shao X, Lin S, Peng Q, Shi S, Wei X, Zhang T, Lin Y. Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure: A Potential Promoter for Cartilage Tissue Regeneration via Regulating Chondrocyte Phenotype and Proliferation. SMALL 2017; 13. [PMID: 28112870 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|