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Sopniewski J, Catullo R, Ward M, Mitchell N, Scheele BC. Niche-based approach to explore the impacts of environmental disturbances on biodiversity. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024:e14277. [PMID: 38660923 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Globally, species are increasingly at risk from compounding threatening processes, an increasingly prominent driver of which is environmental disturbances. To facilitate effective conservation efforts following such events, methods that evaluate potential impacts across multiple species and provide landscape-scale information are needed to guide targeted responses. Often, the geographic overlap between a disturbance and species' distribution is calculated and then used as a proxy for potential impact. However, such methods do not account for the important influence of environmental heterogeneity throughout species' ranges. To address this shortcoming, we quantified the effects of environmental disturbances on species' environmental niche space. Using the Australian 2019 and 2020 Black Summer fires as a case study, we applied a niche-centric approach to examine the potential impacts of these fires on 387 vertebrate species. We examined the utility of established and novel niche metrics to assess the potential impacts of large-scale disturbance events on species by comparing the potential effects of the fires as determined by our various niche measures to those derived from geographic-based measures of impact. We examined the quality of environmental space affected by the disturbance by quantifying the position in niche space where the disturbance occurred (center or margin), the uniqueness of the environmental space that was burned, and the degree to which the remaining, unburned portion of the niche differed from a species' original prefire niche. There was limited congruence between the proportion of geographic and niche space affected, which showed that geographic-based approaches in isolation may have underestimated the impact of the fires for 56% of modeled species. For each species, when combined, these metrics provided a greater indication of postdisturbance recovery potential than geographic-based measures alone. Accordingly, the integration of niche-based analyses into conservation assessments following large-scale disturbance events will lead to a more nuanced understanding of potential impacts and guide more informed and effective conservation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod Sopniewski
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Renee Catullo
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Ward
- WWF-Aus, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ben C Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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2
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Gorta SBZ, Callaghan CT, Samonte F, Ooi MKJ, Mesaglio T, Laffan SW, Cornwell WK. Multi-taxon biodiversity responses to the 2019-2020 Australian megafires. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6727-6740. [PMID: 37823682 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Conditions conducive to fires are becoming increasingly common and widespread under climate change. Recent fire events across the globe have occurred over unprecedented scales, affecting a diverse array of species and habitats. Understanding biodiversity responses to such fires is critical for conservation. Quantifying post-fire recovery is problematic across taxa, from insects to plants to vertebrates, especially at large geographic scales. Novel datasets can address this challenge. We use presence-only citizen science data from iNaturalist, collected before and after the 2019-2020 megafires in burnt and unburnt regions of eastern Australia, to quantify the effect of post-fire diversity responses, up to 18 months post-fire. The geographic, temporal, and taxonomic sampling of this dataset was large, but sampling effort and species discoverability were unevenly spread. We used rarefaction and prediction (iNEXT) with which we controlled sampling completeness among treatments, to estimate diversity indices (Hill numbers: q = 0-2) among nine broad taxon groupings and seven habitats, including 3885 species. We estimated an increase in species diversity up to 18 months after the 2019-2020 Australian megafires in regions which were burnt, compared to before the fires in burnt and unburnt regions. Diversity estimates in dry sclerophyll forest matched and likely drove this overall increase post-fire, while no taxon groupings showed clear increases inconsistent with both control treatments post-fire. Compared to unburnt regions, overall diversity across all taxon groupings and habitats greatly decreased in areas exposed to extreme fire severity. Post-fire life histories are complex and species detectability is an important consideration in all post-fire sampling. We demonstrate how fire characteristics, distinct taxa, and habitat influence biodiversity, as seen in local-scale datasets. Further integration of large-scale datasets with small-scale studies will lead to a more robust understanding of fire recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon B Z Gorta
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Corey T Callaghan
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, Florida, USA
| | - Fabrice Samonte
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark K J Ooi
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Mesaglio
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shawn W Laffan
- Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Will K Cornwell
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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3
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Legge S, Rumpff L, Garnett ST, Woinarski JCZ. Loss of terrestrial biodiversity in Australia: Magnitude, causation, and response. Science 2023; 381:622-631. [PMID: 37561866 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg7870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Australia's biota is species rich, with high rates of endemism. This natural legacy has rapidly diminished since European colonization. The impacts of invasive species, habitat loss, altered fire regimes, and changed water flows are now compounded by climate change, particularly through extreme drought, heat, wildfire, and flooding. Extinction rates, already far exceeding the global average for mammals, are predicted to escalate across all taxa, and ecosystems are collapsing. These losses are symptomatic of shortcomings in resourcing, law, policy, and management. Informed by examples of advances in conservation practice from invasive species control, Indigenous land management, and citizen science, we describe interventions needed to enhance future resilience. Many characteristics of Australian biodiversity loss are globally relevant, with recovery requiring society to reframe its relationship with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Legge
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
- Fenner School of Society and the Environment, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Libby Rumpff
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen T Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - John C Z Woinarski
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
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4
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Heard GW, Bolitho LJ, Newell D, Hines HB, Norman P, Willacy RJ, Scheele BC. Drought, fire, and rainforest endemics: A case study of two threatened frogs impacted by Australia's "Black Summer". Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10069. [PMID: 37214614 PMCID: PMC10197140 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Deepening droughts and unprecedented wildfires are at the leading edge of climate change. Such events pose an emerging threat to species maladapted to these perturbations, with the potential for steeper declines than may be inferred from the gradual erosion of their climatic niche. This study focused on two species of amphibians-Philoria kundagungan and Philoria richmondensis (Limnodynastidae)-from the Gondwanan rainforests of eastern Australia that were extensively affected by the "Black Summer" megafires of 2019/2020 and the severe drought associated with them. We sought to assess the impact of these perturbations by quantifying the extent of habitat affected by fire, assessing patterns of occurrence and abundance of calling males post-fire, and comparing post-fire occurrence and abundance with that observed pre-fire. Some 30% of potentially suitable habitat for P. kundagungan was fire affected, and 12% for P. richmondensis. Field surveys revealed persistence in some burnt rainforest; however, both species were detected at a higher proportion of unburnt sites. There was a clear negative effect of fire on the probability of site occupancy, abundance and the probability of persistence for P. kundagungan. For P. richmondensis, effects of fire were less evident due to the limited penetration of fire into core habitat; however, occupancy rates and abundance of calling males were depressed during the severe drought that prevailed just prior to the fires, with the reappearance of calling males linked to the degree of rehydration of breeding habitat post-fire. Our results highlight the possibility that severe negative impacts of climate change for montane rainforest endemics may be felt much sooner than commonly anticipated under a scenario of gradual (decadal-scale) changes in mean climatic conditions. Instead, the increased rate of severe stochastic events places these narrow range species at a heightened risk of extinction in the near-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W. Heard
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research NetworkUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Liam J. Bolitho
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouthern Cross UniversityLismoreNew South WalesAustralia
| | - David Newell
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouthern Cross UniversityLismoreNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Harry B. Hines
- Department of Environment and ScienceQueensland Parks and Wildlife Service and PartnershipsBellbowrieQueenslandAustralia
- Queensland MuseumSouth BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Patrick Norman
- Climate Action BeaconGriffith UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Rosalie J. Willacy
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouthern Cross UniversityLismoreNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ben C. Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
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Djokic T, Frese M, Woods A, Dettmann M, Flemons P, Brink F, McCurry MR. Inferring the age and environmental characteristics of fossil sites using citizen science. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284388. [PMID: 37068061 PMCID: PMC10109468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Not all fossil sites preserve microfossils that can be extracted using acid digestion, which may leave knowledge gaps regarding a site's age or environmental characteristics. Here we report on a citizen science approach that was developed to identify microfossils in situ on the surface of sedimentary rocks. Samples were collected from McGraths Flat, a recently discovered Miocene rainforest lake deposit located in central New South Wales, Australia. Composed entirely of iron-oxyhydroxide, McGraths Flat rocks cannot be processed using typical microfossil extraction protocols e.g., acid digestion. Instead, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to automatically acquire 25,200 high-resolution images from the surface of three McGraths Flat samples, covering a total area of 1.85 cm2. The images were published on the citizen science portal DigiVol, through which 271 citizen scientists helped to identify 300 pollen and spores. The microfossil information gained in this study is biostratigraphically relevant and can be used to constrain the environmental characteristics of McGraths Flat. Our findings suggest that automated image acquisition coupled with an evaluation by citizen scientists is an effective method of determining the age and environmental characteristics of fossiliferous rocks that cannot be investigated using traditional methods such as acid digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Djokic
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ESSRC, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences (BEES), University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Frese
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health and Biosecurity, Black Mountain, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Adam Woods
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Dettmann
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Geosciences, Queensland Museum, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Flemons
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Brink
- Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Matthew R McCurry
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ESSRC, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences (BEES), University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., United States of America
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Price OF, Mikac K, Wilson N, Roberts B, Critescu RH, Gallagher R, Mallee J, Donatiou P, Webb J, Keith DA, Letnic M, Mackenzie BD. Short‐term impacts of the 2019–20 fire season on biodiversity in eastern Australia. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen F. Price
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Katarina Mikac
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Nicholas Wilson
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Bridget Roberts
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Romane H. Critescu
- Detection Dogs for Conservation University of the Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Queensland Australia
| | - Rachael Gallagher
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia
| | - Justin Mallee
- North Coast Branch NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service Alstonville New South Wales Australia
| | - Paul Donatiou
- Healthy Land and Water Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jonathon Webb
- Environmental Science The University of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - David A. Keith
- Centre for Ecosystem Science (CES) University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Science, Economics and Insights Division Department of Planning, Industry and Environment Parramatta New South Wales Australia
| | - Michael Letnic
- Centre for Ecosystem Science (CES) University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Berin D.W. Mackenzie
- Centre for Ecosystem Science (CES) University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Science, Economics and Insights Division Department of Planning, Industry and Environment Parramatta New South Wales Australia
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7
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Mo M, Minehan M, Hack E, Place V, Welbergen JA. A report of direct mortality in grey-headed flying-foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus) from the 2019–2020 Australian megafires. AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/am21041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Khan SJ. Ecological consequences of Australian "Black Summer" (2019-20) fires: A synthesis of Australian Commonwealth Government report findings. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2021; 17:1136-1140. [PMID: 34028954 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
During the summer of 2019-2020, more than 15 000 wildfires burned up to 19 million hectares of forest and woodland regions across Australia. These fires culminated in the worst Australian fire season on record, producing what has come to be known as the Australian "Black Summer." The fires have been described as an "ecological disaster," but the scale of the impacts is so extensive that the full ecological consequence may take years to assess. In the immediate aftermath of the Black Summer fires, two major national investigations were established by the Australian Commonwealth Government. By reviewing reports produced by these two investigations, high-level insights into the scale of the ecological consequences of the Black Summer fires have been obtained and are summarized here. Through these insights, the urgency for action to reduce the occurrence, and improve the management, of future comparable fire events is made clear. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:1136-1140. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Khan
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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Legge S, Woinarski JCZ, Scheele BC, Garnett ST, Lintermans M, Nimmo DG, Whiterod NS, Southwell DM, Ehmke G, Buchan A, Gray J, Metcalfe DJ, Page M, Rumpff L, Leeuwen S, Williams D, Ahyong ST, Chapple DG, Cowan M, Hossain MA, Kennard M, Macdonald S, Moore H, Marsh J, McCormack RB, Michael D, Mitchell N, Newell D, Raadik TA, Tingley R. Rapid assessment of the biodiversity impacts of the 2019–2020 Australian megafires to guide urgent management intervention and recovery and lessons for other regions. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Legge
- Fenner School of Environment & Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation Science University of Queensland St Lucia Qld Australia
| | - John C. Z. Woinarski
- Research Institute of the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - Ben C. Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment & Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Stephen T. Garnett
- Research Institute of the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - Mark Lintermans
- Centre for Applied Water Science University of Canberra Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Dale G. Nimmo
- Institute for Land, Water and Society School of Environmental Science Charles Sturt University Albury NSW Australia
| | | | - Darren M. Southwell
- Quantitative and Applied Ecology Group School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | | | - Anne Buchan
- Biodiversity Strategy and Knowledge Branch, Biodiversity Division Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | | | | | - Manda Page
- Queensland Department of Environment and Science Moggill Qld Australia
| | - Libby Rumpff
- Quantitative and Applied Ecology Group School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Stephen Leeuwen
- School of Molecular & Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA Australia
| | - Dick Williams
- Research Institute of the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - Shane T. Ahyong
- Australian Museum Research Institute Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia
| | - David G. Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton, Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Mitch Cowan
- Institute for Land, Water and Society School of Environmental Science Charles Sturt University Albury NSW Australia
| | - Md Anwar Hossain
- Climatic and Metabolic Ecology Lab Quantitative and Applied Ecology Group School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Mark Kennard
- Australian Rivers Institute Griffiths University Nathan Qld Australia
| | | | - Harry Moore
- Institute for Land, Water and Society School of Environmental Science Charles Sturt University Albury NSW Australia
| | - Jessica Marsh
- Research Institute of the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - Robert B. McCormack
- Australian Crayfish Project Australian Aquatic Biological Pty Ltd Swan Bay NSW Australia
- Section of Invertebrate Zoology Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Damian Michael
- Institute for Land, Water and Society School of Environmental Science Charles Sturt University Albury NSW Australia
| | - Nicola Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - David Newell
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University East Lismore NSW Australia
| | - Tarmo A. Raadik
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning Arthur Rylah Institute Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - Reid Tingley
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton, Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Southwell D, Legge S, Woinarski J, Lindenmayer D, Lavery T, Wintle B. Design considerations for rapid biodiversity reconnaissance surveys and long‐term monitoring to assess the impact of wildfire. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Darren Southwell
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Sarah Legge
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science University of Queensland St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - John Woinarski
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - David Lindenmayer
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Tyrone Lavery
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Brendan Wintle
- National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
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11
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Lee JS, Callaghan CT, Cornwell WK. Using citizen science to measure recolonisation of birds after the Australian 2019–2020 mega‐fires. AUSTRAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Lee
- Centre for Ecosystem Science School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Corey T. Callaghan
- Centre for Ecosystem Science School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - William K. Cornwell
- Centre for Ecosystem Science School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
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