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Merolillo K, Solari MIG, Cohen TP, Lutz A, de Carvalho P, Cañellas F, Rech D, de Carvalho O, Zelmanowicz A, Lehnen AM, Nardi N, Leguisamo NM. Association of anthropometric variables with therapy-induced cardiotoxicity in women with breast cancer: a pilot study for a randomized clinical trial. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 10:57. [PMID: 39252141 PMCID: PMC11384697 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-024-00258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) has been widely used in the treatment of breast cancer, but it is directly associated with late-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether anthropometric, food intake or other risk factors together with DOX-based chemotherapy can increase the risk of developing cardiotoxicity remains uncertain. We examined the association between anthropometric variables with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in women with breast cancer. METHODS Twenty-six women (53.7 ± 9.6 y) undergoing DOX-based chemotherapy (408.3 ± 66.7 mg/m2) participated in the study. We collected data on body composition (bioimpedance), dietary intake (24 h) and cardiac function (echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF). All measurements were taken at baseline, one month of treatment completion and one-year follow-up after start of treatment. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity was defined as ≥ 10% absolute decrease in LVEF. Thus, the participants were then grouped as DOX-induced (DIC) or non-DOX-induced (non-DIC) cardiotoxicity. Data are shown as mean ± SD (standard deviation). We performed comparisons between the two groups using Student's t-test for independent samples or Generalized Estimating Equations (groups + 3 evaluation time points) with Bonferroni post-hoc test. Lastly, the correlations were analyzed using Pearson correlation; p < 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS At baseline the participants' body mass index (BMI) was 29.9 ± 7.9 kg/m2 and LVEF was 67.4 ± 6.2%. Seven of them (26.9%) developed therapy-induced cardiotoxicity (ΔLVEF - 3.2 ± 2.6%; p < 0.001). Postmenopausal status and family history of CVD were more prevalent in the DIC group than non-DIC group. We found no consistent BMI changes in the groups over time. Interestingly, the non-DIC group showed a small increase in visceral fat at treatment completion and increased waist circumference at one-year follow-up compared to baseline. These same changes were not seen in the DIC group. We also observed a pattern of correlation of some anthropometric variables with LVEF: the more unfavorable the body composition the more pronounced the LVEF decrease at one-year follow-up, though not associated with cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our study did not provide sufficient evidence to support that anthropometric variables, food intake or other risk factors increase the risk of developing cardiotoxicity. However, there are apparent trends that need to be further investigated in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karini Merolillo
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Av. Princesa Isabel, 370, Porto Alegre, CEP 90620-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês González Solari
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Av. Princesa Isabel, 370, Porto Alegre, CEP 90620-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tayani Palma Cohen
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Andreas Lutz
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Patricia de Carvalho
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Fabio Cañellas
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Diogo Rech
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Otávio de Carvalho
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alice Zelmanowicz
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Av. Princesa Isabel, 370, Porto Alegre, CEP 90620-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Nance Nardi
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Av. Princesa Isabel, 370, Porto Alegre, CEP 90620-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natalia Motta Leguisamo
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Av. Princesa Isabel, 370, Porto Alegre, CEP 90620-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Cao J, Huang Y, Zhu M, Wang Z, Jin Z, Xiong Z. Causal association of sarcopenia with hepatocellular carcinoma risk in European population: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1292834. [PMID: 38860158 PMCID: PMC11163102 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1292834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The causal association of sarcopenia with the incidence risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the European population, and the potential mediating role of C-reactive protein (CRP), remains unclear. This study employed a bidirectional two-sample, two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causality and identify the mediator. Methods Summary statistics for HCC, CRP, and sarcopenia-related traits, including appendicular lean mass (ALM), hand grip strength (HGS), and walking pace (WP), were acquired from publicly available databases. We conducted bidirectional MR and Steiger tests of directionality to check the presence of reverse causality. Additionally, a two-step MR analysis was used to assess the mediating effect of CRP in the causality between sarcopenia and HCC. Tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were performed. Results As ALM increases, the risk of HCC occurrence decreases [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.703, 0.524-0.943; P = 0.019]. And, genetically predicted low-HGS (OR, 95%CI: 2.287, 1.013-5.164; P = 0.047) was associated with an increased incidence risk of HCC, with no reverse causality. However, we found no evidence supporting a causality between WP and HCC. CRP was identified as the mediator of the causal effect of ALM and low-HGS on HCC, with corresponding mediating effects of 9.1% and 7.4%. Conclusions This MR study effectively demonstrates that lower ALM and low-HGS are linked to an elevated risk of HCC within the European population, and the causality was not bidirectional. Furthermore, CRP serves as a mediator in the associations. These findings may help mitigate HCC risk among individuals with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yumei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengpei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Du H, Han Y, Ma G, Tan C, Hu Q, Xiao H. Dietary intake of whole king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) attenuated obesity via ameliorating lipid metabolism and alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114228. [PMID: 38609215 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in employing whole food-based strategies to prevent chronic diseases, owing to the potential synergistic interactions among various bioactive components found within whole foods. The current research aimed to determine inhibitory effects of the whole edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii (WPE) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Our results showed that dietary intake of WPE significantly inhibited the abnormal gain of body weight and adipose tissue weight, improved glucose tolerance, and ameliorated the serum biochemical parameters in HFD-fed mice. The histological analysis illustrated that the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver induced by HFD was significantly reduced by WPE. Oral intake of WPE profoundly modulated the mRNA levels of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism and also increased the level of short-chain fatty acids in the mouse cecum. Moreover, WPE alleviated the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Sutteralla), and decreasing the harmful ones (rc4-4, Dorea, Coprococcus, Oscillospira, and Ruminococcus). These findings presented new evidence supporting that WPE could be used as a whole food-based strategy to protect against obesity and obesity-driven health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yanhui Han
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Gaoxing Ma
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Tan
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Jiao X, Wu WY, Zhan SF, Liu JB, Zhang XJ. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of sarcopenia-related traits and inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240811. [PMID: 38022582 PMCID: PMC10666781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence pointing to a close relationship between sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease. However, it remains unclear whether or in which direction causal relationships exist, because these associations could be confounded. Methods We conducted a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis using data from European genome-wide association studies of the appendicular lean mass(n = 450,243), walking pace(n = 459,915), grip strength (left hand, n = 461,026; right hand, n = 461,089), inflammatory bowel disease (25,042 patients and 34,915 controls), ulcerative colitis (12,366 patients and 33,609 controls), and Crohn's disease (12,194 patients and 28,072 controls) to investigate the causal relationship between sarcopenia-related traits and inflammatory bowel disease and its subtypes on each other. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary analysis method to assess the causality, and a comprehensive sensitivity test was conducted. Results Genetically predicted appendicular lean mass was significantly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (OR = 0.916, 95%CI: 0.853-0.984, P = 0.017), ulcerative colitis (OR =0.888, 95%CI: 0.813-0.971, P = 0.009), and Crohn's disease (OR = 0.905, 95%CI: 0.820-0.999, P = 0.049). Similar results also revealed that the usual walking pace was causally associated with Crohn's disease (OR = 0.467, 95%CI: 0.239-0.914, P = 0.026). Reverse mendelian randomization analysis results found that genetic susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease, and Crohn's disease were associated with lower appendicular lean mass. A series of sensitivity analyses ensured the reliability of the present research results. Conclusion The mendelian randomization study supports a bidirectional causality between inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and appendicular lean mass, but no such bidirectional causal relationship was found in ulcerative colitis. In addition, genetically predicted usual walking pace may reduce the risk of Crohn's disease. These findings have clinical implications for sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-yu Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-feng Zhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-bo Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-jin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Li S, Jiao H, Yang J, Li Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Xue Y. Association between lean body mass and hypertension: A cross-sectional study of 50 159 NHANES participants. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:957-964. [PMID: 37614028 PMCID: PMC10560971 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the association between lean body mass (LBM) and hypertension in recent years, but the previous findings have often been contradictory. Therefore, the authors investigated the association between LBM and hypertension through a cross-sectional study in the United States. To investigate the relationship between LBM and hypertension, the authors conducted weighted multivariable logistic regression models. The authors used the restricted cubic spline regression model to determine if there was a nonlinear correlation. In order to locate the inflection point, the authors built a two-part linear regression model using a recursive method. In the full adjustment model, LBM was positively associated with hypertension, with ORs (95% CI) of 1.19 (1.02, 1.38). In the further linear trend test, the ORs (95% CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.76 (0.60, 0.95), 0.62 (0.47, 0.80), and 0.66 (0.48, 0.91), respectively, compared to Q1, which suggested that the association between LBM and hypertension might be non-linear. The authors performed the restricted cubic spline curve to confirm this non-linear relationship and found the inflection point of 43.21 kg with an opposite relationship in which LBM and hypertension exhibited a negative correction of 0.66 (0.50, 0.86) before the inflection point and a positive correlation of 1.20 (1.03, 1.39) after the inflection point. Our study highlighted a non-linear association between LBM and hypertension in the general US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Li
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandongChina
| | - Huachen Jiao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Juan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yitao Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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Gil-Salcedo A, Dugravot A, Fayosse A, Landré B, Yerramalla MS, Sabia S, Schnitzler A. Role of age and sex in the association between BMI and functional limitations in stroke patients: Cross-sectional analysis in three European and US cohorts. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107270. [PMID: 37481939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A U- or J-shaped association between BMI and different post-stroke outcomes is suggested. Thus, the aim is to evaluate the association between BMI with ADL, IADL and mobility limitations in the ageing post-stroke population at different ages, as well as the differences in this association by sex. METHODS A total of 5,468 participants with stroke and 21,872 without stroke over 50 years of age were assessed for the number of limitations in basic or instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL) as well as mobility tasks. The association between BMI at the interview (continuous time-dependent variable) and the level of limitations was assessed using a linear mixed model stratified by sex and stroke status. RESULTS The association between BMI and ADL/IADL and mobility limitations were found to be significant in both men and women regardless of stroke status (p<0.001 for all). The association differs between those who have suffered a stroke and those who have not (p<0.001 for all). In ADL/IADL limitations, men with stroke showed a transition from an inverted J-shape to a U-shape association with age. In women, the BMI showed a less pronounced association between BMI and ADL/IADL limitations compared to men but with similar trends. A effect of sex was observed in the association between BMI and mobility, with women with and without stroke showing a linear association that differed from the inverted J-shaped or U-shaped association of men. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that BMI is associated with limitations in ADL, IADL and mobility in stroke patients. In addition, this association differs between men and women and is also influenced by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Gil-Salcedo
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Aline Dugravot
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Aurore Fayosse
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Benjamin Landré
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Manasa S Yerramalla
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Séverine Sabia
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France.
| | - Alexis Schnitzler
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, France; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, EA 4047 Handi-Resp, Service de neurologie hôpital A. Mignot, Garches, France.
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He J, Huang M, Li N, Zha L, Yuan J. Genetic Association and Potential Mediators between Sarcopenia and Coronary Heart Disease: A Bidirectional Two-Sample, Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3013. [PMID: 37447340 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the bidirectional correlation of sarcopenia with coronary heart disease (CHD), as well as to investigate the mediating role of cardiometabolic factors and inflammatory biomarkers, a bidirectional two-sample, two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted. METHODS Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In our bidirectional two-sample MR, genetic variants associated with sarcopenia-related traits and CHD were instrumented for the estimation of bidirectional correlations. Besides, genetic variants associated with thirteen cardiometabolic factors and six inflammatory biomarkers were selected for further mediation analyses. To confirm the consistency of the results, several sensitivity analyses were carried out. RESULTS Genetically predicted higher appendicular lean mass (OR = 0.835, 95% CI: 0.790-0.882), left hand grip strength (OR = 0.703, 95% CI: 0.569-0.869), right hand grip strength (OR = 0.685, 95% CI: 0.555-0.844), and walking pace (OR = 0.321, 95% CI: 0.191-0.539) reduced CHD risk, while genetic predisposition to CHD did not affect any of the sarcopenia-related traits. Seven mediators were identified for the effects of appendicular lean mass on CHD, including waist-to-hip ratio, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting insulin. The mediation proportion ranged from 10.23% for triglycerides to 35.08% for hip circumference. Hip circumference was found to mediate the relationships between both left (mediation proportion: 24.61%) and right-hand grip strength (24.14%) and CHD, and the link between walking pace and CHD was partially mediated by waist-to-hip ratio (31.15%) and body mass index (26.66%). CONCLUSION Our results showed that higher appendicular lean mass, hand grip strength, and walking pace reduced CHD risk, but the causal relationship was not bidirectional. Several mediators were found to mediate the causal pathways between sarcopenia-related traits and CHD, and intervention of these factors may be helpful in terms of CHD prevention in sarcopenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mingkai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lingfeng Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Whole-Body Vibration Training on Oxidative Stress Markers, Irisin Levels, and Body Composition in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020260. [PMID: 36829754 PMCID: PMC9952264 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance seem to be involved in fibromyalgia (FM) pathogenesis. The results of our previous studies suggest that whole-body vibration training (WBVT) would improve redox status markers, increase blood irisin levels, and ameliorate the body composition of women with FM. (2) Objective: The current study aimed to investigate WBVT on oxidative stress markers, plasma irisin levels, and body composition in women with FM. (3) Methods: Forty women with FM were randomized into WBVT or untrained (UN) groups. Before and after 6 weeks of WBVT, body composition was assessed by dual-energy radiological absorptiometry (DXA), and inflammatory marker activities were measured by enzymatic assay. (4) Results: Body composition, blood irisin levels, and oxidative stress markers were similar between UN and WBVT groups before the intervention. After 6 weeks of intervention, the WBVT group presented higher irisin levels (WBVT: 316.98 ± 109.24 mg·dL³, WBVT: 477.61 ± 267.92 mg·dL³, p = 0.01) and lower TBARS levels (UN: 0.39 ± 0.02 nmol MDA/mg protein, WBVT: 0.24 ± 0.06 nmol MDA/mg protein, p = 0.001) and visceral adipose tissue mass (UN: 1.37 ± 0.49 kg, WBVT: 0.69 ± 0.54 kg, p = 0.001) compared to the UN group. (5) Conclusions: Six weeks of WBVT improves blood redox status markers, increases irisin levels, and reduces visceral adipose tissue mass, favoring less cell damage and more outstanding oxidative balance in women with FM.
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Nayebi A, Soleimani D, Mostafaei S, Elahi N, Pahlavani N, Bagheri A, Elahi H, Mahmoudi M, Nachvak SM. Association between dietary inflammatory index scores and the increased disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2022; 21:53. [PMID: 35974368 PMCID: PMC9380291 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00805-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet plays an important role in regulating inflammation, which is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores and RA activity. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 2020. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism. The overall inflammatory potential of the diet was extracted from a validated 168-item food frequency questioner (FFQ) using the DII. RA disease activity was assessed using Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS-28) scores. Logistic regression and one-way ANOVA/ ANCOVA were conducted. Results Individuals in the highest DII quartile had the significantly higher odds of positive C-reactive protein than those in the lowest quartile of the DII scores (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.16 – 17.41, P = 0.029). A statistically significant downward linear trend in fat-free mass and weight were observed with increasing the DII quartiles (P = 0.003, P = 0.019, respectively). Patients in the highest DII quartile had higher DAS-28 scores than those in the first quartile (Mean difference: 1.16, 95% CI 0.51 – 1.81, P < 0.001) and second quartile of the DII scores (Mean difference: 1.0, 95% CI 0.34 – 1.65, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our results indicated that reducing inflammation through diet might be one of the therapeutic strategies to control and reduce the disease activity in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Nayebi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6719851552, Iran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6719851552, Iran.,Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Elahi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6719851552, Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homayoun Elahi
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6719851552, Iran.
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10
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The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients-A Retrospective Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111243. [PMID: 34833119 PMCID: PMC8625240 DOI: 10.3390/life11111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In recent years; increasing evidence pointed out the clinical importance of adipose tissue (AT) distribution in various patient populations. In particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), was found to play a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory reaction. The aim of the present study was to examine whether body fat distribution has an impact on the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with polytrauma. Methods In our retrospective study; we filtered our institution records of the German Trauma Registry (Trauma Register DGU) from November 2018 to April 2021 and included 132 adult polytrauma patients with injury severity score (ISS) >16. Subsequently; we measured the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area based on whole-body CT scan and calculated the ratio of VAT to SAT (VSr). Thereafter, the patient population was evenly divided into three groups; respectively VSr value less than 0.4 for the first group (low ratio), 0.4–0.84 for the second group (intermediate ratio), and greater than 0.84 for the third group (high ratio). Considering the other influencing factors; the groups were further divided into subgroups in the respective analysis according to gender (male/female), BMI (<25 or ≥25), and ISS (<26 or ≥26). Result VSr was an independent factor from body mass index (BMI) (r2 = 0.003; p = 0.553). VSr in male patients was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Patients with low VSr had higher ISS scores (p = 0.028). Polytrauma patients with higher VSr tended to have lower SIRS scores and significant differences of SIRS score were found on multiple days during the whole hospitalization period. In the low VAT/SAT group, male patients, and patients with BMI greater than 25, both exhibited higher SIRS scores during hospital stay (day 16: p = 0.01; day 22: p = 0.048 and p = 0.011; respectively). During hospitalization, patients with higher ISS score (≥26) in the low VSr group was found to have higher SIRS score (day 16; p = 0.007). Over the hospital stay; serum markers of CRP; CK; and leukocyte in patients with low VSr were higher than those in patients in the intermediate and high VSr groups; with significant difference discovered on multiple days (day 16: 0.014; day 22: p = 0.048). Conclusion Lower VSr is associated with increased inflammatory response and worse clinical outcome in patients with polytrauma. Furthermore; VSr is an independent factor providing additional information to BMI.
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11
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Abassi W, Ouerghi N, Nikolaidis PT, Hill L, Racil G, Knechtle B, Feki M, Bouassida A. Interval Training with Different Intensities in Overweight/Obese Adolescent Females. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:434-443. [PMID: 34749418 DOI: 10.1055/a-1648-4653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To compare the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) on hematological and inflammatory markers in youth females, 38 overweight/obese females (16.4±1.0 yrs.) were randomly assigned to HIIT (2×6-8 repetitions of 30 s at 100-110% maximal aerobic speed (MAS), with 30 s active recovery between repetitions at 50% MAS; n=13), MIIT (2×6-8 repetitions of 30 s at 70-80% MAS, with 30 s active recovery between repetitions at 50% MAS; n=13), and a control group (CG, no intervention; n=12). Body composition, blood pressure, maximal heart rate, hematological and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) markers were assessed in all groups before and following the training program. Results revealed a significant (P<0.05) interaction effect for body composition, systolic blood pressure (SBP), MAS, maximal heart rate, and CRP. Within-group analyses for the HIIT and MIIT groups showed significant improvements in body mass (P=0.009 and P=0.025, respectively), BMI Z-score (P=0.011 and P=0.028, respectively), and MAS (P<0.001 and P=0.011, respectively). The HIIT program showed a significant decrease in body fat (P=0.002), waist circumference (P=0.002), maximal heart rate (P=0.003), SBP (P=0.001), and plasma CRP (P=0.004). In both groups, no significant changes were observed in ESR and hematological markers after intervention. No variable changed in CG. HIIT was the effective method to manage cardiometabolic health and inflammatory disorders in obese youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissal Abassi
- University of Jendouba, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, 7100 Kef, Tunisia.,University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of "La Manouba", Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Nejmeddine Ouerghi
- University of Jendouba, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, 7100 Kef, Tunisia.,University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Lee Hill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ghazi Racil
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of "La Manouba", Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moncef Feki
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anissa Bouassida
- University of Jendouba, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, 7100 Kef, Tunisia
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12
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Oh H, Kwak SY, Jo G, Lee J, Park D, Lee DH, Keum N, Lee JT, Giovannucci EL, Shin MJ. Adiposity and mortality in Korean adults: a population-based prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:142-153. [PMID: 33037431 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Asia-Pacific obesity classification recommends using lower BMI cutoffs in Asians compared with those in Western populations. However, the supporting evidence is scarce and little is known about the exact shape of the relations between adiposity and mortality in Asians. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relations of BMI (in kg/m2), waist circumference, and predicted body fat mass with mortality using a population-based prospective cohort of Korean men and women. METHODS This analysis included 44,060 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014 participants who agreed to mortality follow-up through 31 December, 2016. At baseline, height, weight, and waist circumference were measured. Using DXA data, we derived predicted body fat and fat-free mass. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for the associations with mortality, adjusting for potential confounders. We tested for nonlinearity using the likelihood ratio test comparing nonlinear restricted cubic spline models with linear models. RESULTS During ≤9.5 y of follow-up, 1682 deaths were identified. The relations of BMI with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were J-shaped with the nadir at BMI = 25.0-29.9 (P-nonlinearity < 0.001). Among participants without a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease, waist circumference (≥95 compared with 75.0-79.9 cm: HR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.54, 2.86) and predicted body fat mass (highest compared with lowest sextiles: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.60, 4.06) were positively associated with all-cause mortality (all P-nonlinearity ≤ 0.03), as well as cancer and cardiovascular mortality. The highest mortality was observed among participants who had both high predicted fat mass and low fat-free mass. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a strong positive association between adiposity and mortality in a population without pre-existing disease. We observed the lowest mortality at BMI = 25.0-29.9, suggesting that the current cutoff for overweight (BMI ≥23) may require re-evaluation and that BMI alone may not be a useful measure for indicating adiposity in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Oh
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kwak
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Jo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Li Y, Zhang D, Jin B, Xia L, Zhang A. Proteomic Analysis of Uterine Tissues During Peri-Implantation Period in Mice with Experimentally Induced Adenomyosis that Treated with anti-Ngf: Implications for Cell-Cell Adhesion and Metabolic Processes. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:207-217. [PMID: 32676925 PMCID: PMC7782370 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been verified to be expressed with higher level in adenomyosis uteri, and its neutralizing antibody has a strong inhibitory influence on inflammation. The present study aimed to explore the effect of anti-NGF on the expression of proteins in uteri of mice-induced adenomyosis and assessed its potential role in improving pregnancy rate. In this study, we established a mouse model of adenomyosis and administrated NGF-neutralizing antibody into mice. The mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the uteri during the implantation window was performed to explore the essential proteins participating in therapy. Besides, embryos of healthy mice were transferred into the uteri to assess the implantation rate. The results of MS analysis demonstrated that 119 proteins were changed in the adenomyosis group compared with control group, and 126 proteins were differentially expressed in the anti-NGF group compared with the adenomyosis group (fold change > 1.5, P < 0.05. After performing cluster analysis using Mfuzz package, we found that a group of proteins participated in cell-cell adhesion and metabolic processes, which were attenuated in the adenomyosis group, while those were successfully recovered by anti-NGF treatment. Western blotting confirmed that the expression levels of integrin alpha-1 (ITGA1), integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), laminin subunit gamma-1 (LAMC1), and creatine kinase M-type (CKM) were decreased in adenomyosis group, whereas those levels were elevated after anti-NGF treatment. Embryo implantation rate in the adenomyosis group was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group (2.31% vs. 26.15%, P < 0.001) and anti-NGF treatment slightly enhanced the embryo implantation rate in mice with experimentally induced adenomyosis (9.23% vs. 2.31%, P = 0.017). Our results revealed that anti-NGF therapy can improve fertility of mice with experimentally induced adenomyosis, possibly through promoting integrin-related proteins.
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MESH Headings
- Adenomyosis/drug therapy
- Adenomyosis/metabolism
- Adenomyosis/physiopathology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo Implantation/drug effects
- Embryo Transfer
- Energy Metabolism
- Female
- Fertility/drug effects
- Fertility Agents, Female/pharmacology
- Infertility, Female/drug therapy
- Infertility, Female/metabolism
- Infertility, Female/physiopathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Nerve Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Growth Factor/immunology
- Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Protein Interaction Maps
- Proteome
- Proteomics
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Uterus/drug effects
- Uterus/metabolism
- Uterus/physiopathology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Bailing Jin
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Lan Xia
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
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14
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Inflammatory markers and bone mass in children with overweight/obesity: the role of muscular fitness. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:42-47. [PMID: 31493774 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine which inflammatory markers are associated with bone mass and whether this association varies according to muscular fitness in children with overweight/obesity. METHODS Plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), epidermal growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), and C-reactive protein were analyzed in 55 children aged 8-11 years. A muscular fitness score was computed. Bone mineral content (BMC) of the total body-less head (TBLH) and lumbar spine (LS) were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS IL-6 (β = -0.136) and VEGF (β = -0.099) were associated with TBLH BMC, while TNF-α (β = -0.345) and IL-1β (β = 0.212) were associated with LS BMC (P < 0.05). The interaction effect of muscular fitness showed a trend in the association of VEGF with TBLH BMC (P = 0.122) and TNF-α with LS BMC (P = 0.057). Stratified analyses by muscular fitness levels showed an inverse association of VEGF with TBLH BMC (β = -0.152) and TNF-α with LS BMC (β = -0.491) in the low-fitness group, while no association was found in the high-fitness group. CONCLUSION IL-6, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-1β are significantly associated with bone mass. Higher muscular fitness may attenuate the adverse effect of high VEGF and TNF-α on bone mass.
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15
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Klinedinst BS, Pappas C, Le S, Yu S, Wang Q, Wang L, Allenspach-Jorn K, Mochel JP, Willette AA. Aging-related changes in fluid intelligence, muscle and adipose mass, and sex-specific immunologic mediation: A longitudinal UK Biobank study. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 82:396-405. [PMID: 31513875 PMCID: PMC7755032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in midlife and early late-life is associated with worse normal cognitive aging. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) suggests that visceral adipose mass (VAM) plays a predominant role, whereas non-visceral adipose mass (NVAM) and lean muscle mass (LMM) have shown conflicting relationships. It is unknown how longitudinal, cognitive changes in age-sensitive domains like fluid intelligence (FI) correspond to VAM, NVAM, and LMM in women and men. Furthermore, changes over time in blood leukocyte sub-populations may partially or fully account for sex-specific associations. METHODS Data on 4431 late middle-aged, cognitively unimpaired adults (mean = 64.5 y) was obtained from the UK Biobank prospective cohort across 22 centers. FI scores, blood leukocyte counts, and covariates (age, social class, education) were measured at three 2-year intervals over 6 years. DEXA collection overlapped with these intervals. Sex-stratified growth curves, structural equations, and Preacher-Hayes mediation were used to estimate direct and indirect effects. β-weights were standardized. RESULTS More LMM predicted gains in FI scores among women (β = 0.130, p < .001) and men (β = 0.089, p < .001). Conversely, more VAM and NVAM independently predicted FI decline equally among sexes (e.g., NVAM: women: β = -0.082, p < .001; men: β = -0.076, p < .001). Among women, FI associations were fully mediated by higher eosinophil counts via VAM (λ = 30.8%, p = .028) and lower lymphocyte counts via LMM (λ = 69.2%, p = .021). Among men, FI associations were partially mediated by lower basophils counts via LMM (λ = 4.5%, p = .042) and higher counts via VAM (λ = 50%, p = .037). CONCLUSION The proportion of LMM and VAM equally influenced male FI changes over 6 years, whereas higher LMM among women appeared to more strongly influence. FI changes. Leukocyte counts strongly mediated VAM- and LMM-related FI changes in a sex-specific manner, but not for NVAM. For clinical translation, exercise studies in older adults may benefit from assessing sex-specific values of DEXA-based tissue mass, FI, and leukocyte sub-populations to gauge potential cognitive benefits of less VAM and more LMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S. Klinedinst
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Colleen Pappas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Scott Le
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Interdisciplinary Graduate Studies Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Auriel A. Willette
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Interdisciplinary Graduate Studies Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA,Send Correspondence to: Auriel A. Willette, 1109 HNSB, 2302 Osborn Drive, Ames, IA 50011-1078, Phone: (515) 294-3110,
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16
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Cespedes Feliciano E, Chen WY. Clinical implications of low skeletal muscle mass in early-stage breast and colorectal cancer. Proc Nutr Soc 2018; 77:382-387. [PMID: 29860952 PMCID: PMC6197885 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665118000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although obesity has now been widely accepted to be an important risk factor for cancer survival, the associations between BMI and cancer mortality have not been consistently linear. Although morbid obesity has clearly been associated with worse survival, some studies have suggested a U-shaped association with no adverse association with overweight or lower levels of obesity. This 'obesity paradox' may be due to the fact that BMI likely incompletely captures key measures of body composition, including distribution of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Fat and lean body mass can be measured using clinically acquired computed tomography scans. Many of the earlier studies focused on patients with metastatic cancer. However, skeletal muscle loss in the metastatic setting may reflect end-stage disease processes. Therefore, this article focuses on the clinical implication of low skeletal muscle mass in early-stage non-metastatic breast and colorectal cancer where measures of body composition have been shown to be strong predictors of disease-free survival and overall survival and also chemotherapy toxicity and operative risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy Y Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology,Dana Farber Cancer Institute,Boston, MA,USA
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17
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El Ghoch M, Rossi AP, Calugi S, Rubele S, Soave F, Zamboni M, Chignola E, Mazzali G, Bazzani PV, Dalle Grave R. Physical performance measures in screening for reduced lean body mass in adult females with obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:917-921. [PMID: 30017438 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Little is known about the reduction of lean body mass (LBM) in obesity, or how to identify it in standard clinical settings. We therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of low LBM in adult females with obesity, and to identify the reliability of simple tools for its screening in this population. METHODS AND RESULTS Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) body composition assessment was used to categorise 147 female participants with obesity as with or without low LBM, according to the new definition that takes into account both appendicular lean mass (ALM) and body mass index (BMI)-ALM/BMI <0.512. Participants were also administered the six-minute walking test, handgrip-strength test and 4-metre gait-speed test. Of the sample of 147 participants, 93 (63.3%) met the criteria for reduced LBM. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the six-minute walking test was the only independent test associated with low LBM (OR = 0.992, 95%CI 0.987-0.998). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis found that the discriminating cut-off points of the tests considered were 470 m, 3.30 s (gait speed = 1.2 m/sec) and 23.5 kg respectively; the 4-metre gait-speed test seems to provide the best balance of sensitivity and specificity, and the greatest discriminatory power at 90% sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Treatment-seeking adult females with obesity display a great prevalence of reduced LBM. The six-minute walking test was the only independent test associated with low LBM, but the 4-metre gait-speed test seems to be the most accurate functional test for screening for this condition in that population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El Ghoch
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy.
| | - A P Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, University of Verona, Italy
| | - S Calugi
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - S Rubele
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, University of Verona, Italy
| | - F Soave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - M Zamboni
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, University of Verona, Italy
| | - E Chignola
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - G Mazzali
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, University of Verona, Italy
| | - P V Bazzani
- Department of Radiology, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo 89, Garda, 37016, Italy
| | - R Dalle Grave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016 Garda, Verona, Italy
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18
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Creatine kinase is associated with reduced inflammation in a general population: The Tromsø study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198133. [PMID: 29813131 PMCID: PMC5973606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Creatine kinase (CK) has been associated with reduced inflammation in obesity while inflammation is associated with obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the relationship between CK and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in a general population. Methods CK and hs-CRP were measured in the population-based Tromsø study that included entire birth cohorts and random samples of citizens between 30–87 years of age. The analyses were performed sex-stratified in 5969 men and 6827 women. Results CK correlated negatively with hs-CRP in men (r = -0.08, P <0.001) and women (r = -0.06, P <0.001). In univariable regression analyses, CK associated negatively with hs-CRP in men (ß = -0.14, 95% CI -0.19 to -0.10, P <0.001) and women (ß = -0.13, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.08, P <0.001). Mean CK declined from the 2. to the 4. quartiles of hs-CRP in both genders (P <0.001 for trends). There were positive correlations between CK and body mass index (BMI) in men (r = 0.10, P <0.001) and women (r = 0.07, P <0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed a 0.13 unit decrease in hs-CRP (mg/dl) per unit CK increase in men (95% CI -0.35 to -0.20) and 0.29 mg/dl in women (95% CI -0.36 to -0.21) when adjusted for age, BMI, lipids, s-glucose, s-creatinine, transaminases and coronary heart disease. Conclusion CK were inversely and independently associated with hs-CRP in a general population. These data provide evidence that CK might have anti-inflammatory properties, but the mechanism and clinical implications are unclarified.
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19
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Abstract
Although higher body mass index (BMI) increases the incidence of many cancers, BMI can also exhibit a null or U-shaped relationship with survival among patients with existing disease; this association of higher BMI with improved survival is termed the obesity paradox. This review discusses possible explanations for the obesity paradox, the prevalence and consequences of low muscle mass in cancer patients, and future research directions. It is unlikely that methodological biases, such as reverse causality or confounding, fully explain the obesity paradox. Rather, up to a point, higher BMI may truly be associated with longer survival in cancer patients. This is due, in part, to the limitations of BMI, which scales weight to height without delineating adipose tissue distribution or distinguishing between adipose and muscle tissue. Thus, cancer patients with higher BMIs often have higher levels of protective muscle. We assert that more precise measures of body composition are required to clarify the relationship of body size to cancer outcomes, inform clinical decision-making, and help tailor lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California 94612, USA; , ,
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California 94612, USA; , ,
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