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Budak L, Levin L. Dental Traumatology research and education-Foundations for a better tomorrow. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:133-136. [PMID: 38488490 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Budak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Liran Levin
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 7-020K Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy & Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Gugliotta Y, Roccia F, Sobrero F, Ramieri G, Volpe F. Changing trends in maxillofacial injuries among paediatric, adult and elderly populations: A 22-year statistical analysis of 3424 patients in a tertiary care centre in Northwest Italy. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:187-194. [PMID: 37915278 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study analysed the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma over 22 years to assess whether there have been significant changes in the causes and characteristics of fractures in paediatric, adult and elderly populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following data were collected: age, sex, injury cause and mechanism, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale, associated injuries, time of injury, type of treatment and length of hospital stay. The patients were analysed by age group (children [≤16 years], adults [17-60 years] and elderly [>60 years]) and divided into two time groups (group 1: 2001-2011; group 2: 2012-2022) that were compared to each other. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. RESULTS Between 01 January 2001 and 31 December 2022, 3535 patients (2690 males and 845 females, mean age 39.3 years) were admitted for facial fractures. The comparison of the two temporal periods showed a decrease in the prevalence of males (p = .02), in road traffic injuries (p < .001), and in fractures of the lower third of the face (p = .005); there were significant increases in the mean age (p < .001), prevalence of the elderly (p = .006) and in fall- and assault-related injuries (p < .001 and p = .03, respectively). Assault injuries increased only in the 17-60 age group (p = .02) while RTA-related fractures decreased in all age groups (p < .05 for all comparisons). Bicycle accidents increased significantly, with a parallel decrease in motor vehicle accidents (both p < .001). Fall-related fractures increased only in 17-60 and >60 age groups (p < .001 and p = .02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study shows significant changing trends in the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma. While road traffic policies have been effective in the last years, preventive measures for falls in the elderly population and new legislative measures to prevent interpersonal violence should be advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Gugliotta
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Ramieri
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Volpe
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Machida Y, Tomioka T, Koshinuma S, Nakamura M, Yamamoto G, Hitosugi M. Factors predicting oral and maxillofacial fractures after falling and factors predicting the duration of treatment. Dent Traumatol 2023; 39:418-424. [PMID: 37232513 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The first objective of this study was to identify predictive factors for oral and maxillofacial fractures at the initial response to the patient. The second objective was to determine the factors influencing the incidence of treatment duration of more than 1 month using the information shown in the medical record. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hospital records from 2011 to 2019 were reviewed to identify patients who had sustained oral and maxillofacial injuries by falling or falling from a height. Patterns and types of oral and maxillofacial injury, injury severity, and background of the injury were collected from the hospital records. The variables independently associated with a treatment duration of more than 1 month were determined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 282 patients (150 men, 132 women; median age, 17.5 years) were selected for analysis. Maxillofacial fractures were observed in 20.9% of patients (59/282); among these, mandibular fractures were the most common (47/59). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.026), nighttime occurrence (OR, 2.192), and upper face injury (OR, 20.704) were independent predictive factors for having a maxillofacial fracture. Additionally, the number of injured teeth (OR, 1.515) and the use of intermaxillary fixation (OR, 16.091) were independent predictors of treatment duration of more than 1 month. CONCLUSIONS These results may be useful in the initial management of maxillofacial injuries in terms of better-informing patients injured by falling their expected treatment duration and managing the psychological impacts of a long treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshisato Machida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tomioka
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinya Koshinuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mami Nakamura
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Gaku Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masahito Hitosugi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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Sharifi F, Samieirad S, Grillo R, Da Graça Naclério-Homem M, Bardideh E, Manafi A, Mohammadi Z, Eshghpour M. The Causes and Prevalence of Maxillofacial Fractures in Iran: A Systematic Review. World J Plast Surg 2023; 12:1-11. [PMID: 37220578 PMCID: PMC10200082 DOI: 10.52547/wjps.12.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maxillofacial fractures are a common type of injury that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the prevalence and causes of maxillofacial fractures in Iran to estimate the overall prevalence of maxillofacial fractures and the most common causes. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WS) and Google Scholar (GS) electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant articles published up to January 2023. Studies reporting the prevalence and causes of maxillofacial fractures in Iran were included in the analysis. MOOSE guidelines were adopted for the current systematic review. No data or language restriction were applied. Risk of bias across the articles was assessed. Results A total of 32 studies comprising 35,720 patients were included in the analysis. The most common cause of maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents (RTAs), accounting for 68.97% of all cases, followed by falls (12.62%) and interpersonal violence (9.03%). The prevalence of maxillofacial fractures was higher in males (81.04%) and in the age group of 21-30 years (43.23%). Risk of bias across studies was considered low. Conclusion Maxillofacial fractures are a significant public health problem in Iran, with a high prevalence and RTAs being the leading cause. These results highlight the need for increased efforts to prevent maxillofacial fractures in Iran, especially through measures to reduce the incidence of RTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Sharifi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Traumatology and Prosthesis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculdade Patos de Minas, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Erfan Bardideh
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Department of Medical education, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Eshghpour
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Samieirad S, Bagheri Shirvan S, Grillo R, Shooshtari Z, Hosseini Abrishami M, Eshghpour M, Molaei M, Manafi A. The Effect of Covid-19-Related Social Distancing Restrictions on Maxillofacial Fractures Epidemiology. World J Plast Surg 2023; 12:73-82. [PMID: 38226200 PMCID: PMC10788111 DOI: 10.61186/wjps.12.3.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in maxillofacial fracture epidemiology and etiology regarding Covid-19-related social distancing restrictions in an Iranian population. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in six major trauma center hospitals in Iran in a period of two years (March 2018 until March 2020). The primary outcome variable was the maxillofacial fractures incidence. Patients' demographic data, date of injury as well as fracture characteristics, fracture etiology, type, and site were all recorded, compared, and analyzed in the control and experimental groups. Results The patients consisted of 520 (83.6%) males and 102 (16.4%) females. Patients sustaining maxillofacial fractures over this two-year period displayed a mean age of 31.24±14.44, with an age range of 2 to 88 years. The incidence of maxillofacial fractures significantly decreased in all age groups (p<0.001). After social distancing restrictions were placed; there was a significant drop in the number of subjects attending due to motorcycle collisions and road traffic accidents, whereas the number of fractures caused by assaults and domestic violence significantly increased (p<0.001 for each). Conclusion The investigators realized that social distancing restrictions were able to change the trends and patterns in maxillofacial fracture incidence and etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Samieirad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Siavash Bagheri Shirvan
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Traumatology and Prosthesis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zahra Shooshtari
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Hosseini Abrishami
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Eshghpour
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Molaei
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Trends of maxillofacial and mandibular fractures in level I and II trauma patients in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:772-778. [PMID: 36570582 PMCID: PMC9767832 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maxillofacial injury is a major health concern worldwide. Incidence of maxillofacial fractures is influenced by socio-demographic, economic, and cultural factor of the population investigated. Identifying the patterns of these fractures is crucial to establish effective treatments and prevention measures. The aim of the study was to to analyze the incidence, etiology, and types of maxillofacial fractures in a tertiary trauma center. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for all patients who were admitted with maxillofacial fractures at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of of 422 patients with 978 maxillofacial fractures were enrolled over a 4-year period. Results Among the 422 patients, 387 (91.8%) were males, and 35 (8.2%) were females. The mean age of our population was 31.1 years old. Our study has shown that motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of maxillofacial fractures, followed by pedestrian trauma. The most common maxillofacial fractures were orbital fractures, followed by maxillary fractures. The mandibular body was most fractured among mandibular fractures. Our data has shown that males have higher incidence of maxillofacial fractures than females. Conclusion Our study further validated that road traffic accidents are the most common cause of maxillofacial fractures in our region. These findings emphasized the importance of improving road safety protocols and enforcing traffic laws.
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Aathira CM, Lakshmanan L. Association of Ellis class 1 fracture in children of age 6-12 years. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:S31-S35. [PMID: 36643160 PMCID: PMC9836140 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_118_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Trauma is a well-known issue in children, and its prevalence is on the rise more than that of dental caries in children. The objective of the study is to evaluate the association of Ellis class 1 fracture in children between 6 and 12 years. This study includes 45 males and 55 female patients of age 6-12 years. All the data regarding the study population was extracted from Dental Information Archiving Software-all patient records from management. The data collected were tabulated and imported to SPSS software. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square tests. Ellis class 1 fracture ordinarily is observed to affect the central incisors. Majority of school children of 6-12 years of age were more vulnerable to dental trauma. There is a strong association between Ellis class 1 fracture in children of 6-12 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Aathira
- Department of Pedontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshimi Lakshmanan
- Department of Pedontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Lakshimi Lakshmanan, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
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Lakshmi SBS, Lakshmanan L. Association of Ellis Class 2 fracture in 13-17 years old children. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:S26-S30. [PMID: 36643128 PMCID: PMC9836121 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_125_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study is to evaluate the association of Ellis Class 2 fracture in children aged between 13 and 17 years. This is a descriptive study that was carried out in a university context, using data from patients with Ellis Class 2 fractures between 13 and 17 years from June 2019 to February 2021, which were obtained by analyzing patient records. The records were transferred to the SPSS software for statistical analysis. The association of Ellis Class 2 fracture is common in relation to 11 which is about 29.41% and more common among the age group of 14 years and had a more male prediction. The knowledge of Ellis Class 2 fracture and its association with several parameters are essential in dentistry for various clinical performances. This can be accomplished by increasing awareness through Continuing Dental Education (CDE) programs, demonstrations, and seminars on the clinical regime of Ellis Class 2 fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. B. Sree Lakshmi
- Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshimi Lakshmanan
- Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Lakshimi Lakshmanan, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
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