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Feng Q, Li Q, Zhou H, Wang Z, Lin C, Jiang Z, Liu T, Wang D. CRISPR technology in human diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e672. [PMID: 39081515 PMCID: PMC11286548 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene editing is a growing gene engineering technique that allows accurate editing of a broad spectrum of gene-regulated diseases to achieve curative treatment and also has the potential to be used as an adjunct to the conventional treatment of diseases. Gene editing technology, mainly based on clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein systems, which is capable of generating genetic modifications in somatic cells, provides a promising new strategy for gene therapy for a wide range of human diseases. Currently, gene editing technology shows great application prospects in a variety of human diseases, not only in therapeutic potential but also in the construction of animal models of human diseases. This paper describes the application of gene editing technology in hematological diseases, solid tumors, immune disorders, ophthalmological diseases, and metabolic diseases; focuses on the therapeutic strategies of gene editing technology in sickle cell disease; provides an overview of the role of gene editing technology in the construction of animal models of human diseases; and discusses the limitations of gene editing technology in the treatment of diseases, which is intended to provide an important reference for the applications of gene editing technology in the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Research and Development CentreBaicheng Medical CollegeBaichengChina
| | - Qirong Li
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhan Wang
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Grain Science and TechnologyJilin Business and Technology CollegeChangchunChina
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Tianjia Liu
- Research and Development CentreBaicheng Medical CollegeBaichengChina
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Singha K, Tepakhan W, Yamsri S, Chaibunruang A, Srivorakun H, Pansuwan A, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. A large cohort of deletional high hemoglobin F determinants in Thailand: A molecular revisited and identification of a novel mutation. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117615. [PMID: 37884119 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS High hemoglobin F determinants can be classified into hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) and δβ-thalassemia with different phenotype. We report the molecular basis and hematological features in a large cohort of deletional high Hb F determinants in Thailand. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects (n = 28,177) encountered during 2015-2022 were reviewed, and those with phenotypically suspected of having high Hb F determinants were selected. Combined PCR, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, next-generation sequencing, and DNA sequencing were used to identify the mutations. RESULTS Among 28,177 subjects investigated, 300 (1.06 %) were found to carry deletional high Hb F determinants in a total of 302 alleles, including heterozygote, compound heterozygote with β-hemoglobinopathies, and homozygote. DNA analysis identified eight different DNA deletions, including δβ0-thalassemia (12.6 kb deletion) (73.8 %), HPFH-6 (14.9 %), Indian deletion-inversion Aγδβ0-thalassemia (3.6 %), Thai deletion-inversion-insertion Aγδβ0-thalassemia (3.0 %), SEA-HPFH (3.0 %), Chinese Aγδβ0-thalassemia (1.0 %), Thai δβ0-thalassemia (11.3 kb deletion) (0.3 %), and a novel δβ0-thalassemia (137.1 kb deletion) (0.3 %). In addition, three novel genetic interactions, including Chinese Aγδβ0-thalassemia/Hb E, δβ0-thalassemia/Indian deletion-inversion Aγδβ0-thalassemia, and homozygous δβ0-thalassemia were found. Hematological features and Hb analysis results of 20 different genotypes were recorded. Multiplex gap-PCR assays for detection of these genetic determinants were described. CONCLUSIONS Deletional high Hb F determinants are common and heterogeneous in Thailand. Data on the prevalence, molecular spectrum, phenotypic expression, and complex interactions of these genetic determinants should prove useful in the study and a prevention and control program of hemoglobinopathies in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
| | - Wanicha Tepakhan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Yamsri
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Attawut Chaibunruang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hataichanok Srivorakun
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anupong Pansuwan
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Singha K, Teawtrakul N, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Molecular and haematological characterisation of haemolytic anaemia associated with biallelic KLF1 mutations: a case series. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2023-208945. [PMID: 37507221 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-208945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) is an erythroid-specific transcription factor playing an important role in erythropoiesis and haemoglobin (Hb) switching. Biallelic KLF1 mutations can cause haemolytic anaemia with thalassaemia-like syndromes but are rarely reported. We explore the KLF1 mutations in Thai subjects with unexplainable haemolytic anaemia. METHODS The study was done on 57 subjects presented with haemolytic anaemia and elevated Hb F without β-thalassaemia diseases. Hb analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis. Analyses of α-thalassaemia, β-thalassaemia and KLF1 genes were performed using PCR-based methods and DNA sequencing. RESULTS Thirteen subjects with compound heterozygous for a known and five new genetic KLF1 interactions were identified, including KLF1:c.519_525dupCGGCGCC/c.892G>C with class 3/2 (n=8), and each subject with new genetic interaction, including KLF1:c.-154C>T;643C>T/c.983G>A with class 3/2, KLF1:c.-154C>T;643C>T/c.809C>G with class 3/2, KLF1:c892G>C/c.983G>A with class 2/2, KLF1:c.892G>C/c.1001C>G with class 2/2 and KLF1:c.1001C>G/c.1003G>A with class 2/2. Most of them had anaemia with Hb levels ranging from 45 to 110 g/L, hypochromic microcytosis, aniso-poikilocytosis, increased Hb F levels (17.9%-47.4%), small amounts of Hb Bart's, regular blood transfusion, hyperbilirubinaemia, increased serum ferritin and nucleated red blood cell. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic KLF1 mutations associated with anaemia may not be uncommon in Thailand. Characteristics of haemolytic anaemia, abnormal red cell morphology with nucleated red blood cells and elevated Hb F, and presenting small amounts of Hb Bart's without thalassaemia diseases are useful markers to further investigation of the KLF1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Teawtrakul
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Singha K, Pansuwan A, Chewasateanchai M, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Molecular basis of non-deletional HPFH in Thailand and identification of two novel mutations at the binding sites of CCAAT and GATA-1 transcription factors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11926. [PMID: 37488161 PMCID: PMC10366219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High Hb F determinants are genetic defects associated with increased expression of hemoglobin F in adult life, classified as deletional and non-deletional forms. We report the first description of non-deletional hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HFPH) in Thailand. Study was done on 388 subjects suspected of non-deletional HPFH with elevated Hb F expression. Mutations in the Gγ- and Aγ-globin genes were examined by DNA analysis and rapid diagnosis of HPFH mutations were developed by PCR-based methods. Twenty subjects with five different mutations were identified including three known mutations, - 202 Aγ (C>T) (n = 3), - 196 Aγ (C>T) (n = 3), and - 158 Aγ (C>T) (n = 12), and two novel mutations, - 117 Aγ (G>C) (n = 1) and - 530 Gγ (A>G) (n = 1). Interaction of the - 117 Aγ (G>C) and Hb E (HBB:c.79G>A) resulted in elevation of Hb F to the level of 13.5%. Two plain heterozygous subjects with - 530 Gγ (A>G) had marginally elevated Hb F with 1.9% and 3.0%, whereas the proband with homozygous - 530 Gγ (A>G) had elevated Hb F of 11.5%. Functional prediction indicated that the - 117 Aγ (G>C) and - 530 Gγ (A>G) mutations dramatically alter the binding of transcription factors to respective γ-globin gene promotors, especially the CCAAT and GATA-1 transcription factors. Diverse heterogeneity of non-deletional HFPH with both known and new mutations, and complex interactions of them with other forms of thalassemia are encountered in Thai population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Anupong Pansuwan
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Hanart C, Singha K, Changtrakul Y, Fucharoen S, Srivorakun H. Prospective screening for δ-hemoglobinopathies associated with decreased hemoglobin A 2 levels or hemoglobin A 2 variants: A single center experience. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117417. [PMID: 37276945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND δ-hemoglobinopathies may lead to misdiagnosis of several thalassemia syndromes especially β-thalassaemia carrier, it is important to evaluate the δ-globin gene defects in areas with high prevalence of globin gene disorders. We describe a prospective screening for δ-hemoglobinopathies in a routine setting in Thailand. METHODS Study was done on a cohort of 8,471 subjects referred for thalassemia screening, 317 (3.7%) were suspected of having δ-globin gene defects due to reduced hemoglobin (Hb) A2 levels and/or appearance of Hb A2-variants on hemoglobin analysis. Hematologic and DNA analysis by PCR and related assays were carried out. RESULTS DNA analysis of δ-globin gene identified seven different δ-globin mutations in 24 of 317 subjects (7.6%). Both known mutations; δ-77(T>C) (n=3), δ-68(C>T) (n=1), δ-44(G>A) (n=8), Hb A2-Melbourne (n=5), δIVSII-897(A>C) (n=5), and Hb A2-Troodos (n=1) and a novel mutation; the Hb A2-Roi-Et (n=1) were identified. This Hb A2-Roi-Et, results from a double mutations in-cis, δCD82(AAG>AAT) and δCD133(GTG>ATG), was interestingly found in combination with an in trans, 12.6 kb deletional δβ0-thalassemia in an adult Thai woman who had no Hb A2 and elevated Hb F. A multiplex-allele-specific PCR was developed to detect these novel δ-globin gene defects. CONCLUSIONS The result confirms a diverse heterogeneity of δ-hemoglobinopathies in Thailand which should prove useful in a prevention and control program of thalassemia in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulikon Hanart
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Yossombat Changtrakul
- Clinical Microscopy Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hataichanok Srivorakun
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Abstract
Thalassaemia is a diverse group of genetic disorders with a worldwide distribution affecting globin chain synthesis. The pathogenesis of thalassaemia lies in the unbalanced globin chain production, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis, increased haemolysis, and deranged iron homoeostasis. The clinical phenotype shows heterogeneity, ranging from close to normal without complications to severe requiring lifelong transfusion support. Conservative treatment with transfusion and iron chelation has transformed the natural history of thalassaemia major into a chronic disease with a prolonged life expectancy, albeit with co-morbidities and substantial disease burden. Curative therapy with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is advocated for suitable patients. The understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease is guiding therapeutic advances. Novel agents have shown efficacy in improving anaemia and transfusion burden, and initial results from gene therapy approaches are promising. Despite scientific developments, worldwide inequality in the access of health resources is a major concern, because most patients live in underserved areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kattamis
- Division of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Janet L Kwiatkowski
- Division of Haematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Paediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yesim Aydinok
- Department of Paediatric Heamatology and Oncology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Topfer SK, Feng R, Huang P, Ly LC, Martyn GE, Blobel GA, Weiss MJ, Quinlan KGR, Crossley M. Disrupting the adult globin promoter alleviates promoter competition and reactivates fetal globin gene expression. Blood 2022; 139:2107-2118. [PMID: 35090172 PMCID: PMC8990374 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The benign condition hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) is known to ameliorate symptoms of co-inherited β-hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. The condition is sometimes associated with point mutations in the fetal globin promoters that disrupt the binding of the repressors BCL11A or ZBTB7A/LRF, which have been extensively studied. HPFH is also associated with a range of deletions within the β-globin locus that all reside downstream of the fetal HBG2 gene. These deletional forms of HPFH are poorly understood and are the focus of this study. Numerous different mechanisms have been proposed to explain how downstream deletions can boost the expression of the fetal globin genes, including the deletion of silencer elements, of genes encoding noncoding RNA, and bringing downstream enhancer elements into proximity with the fetal globin gene promoters. Here we systematically analyze the deletions associated with both HPFH and a related condition known as δβ-thalassemia and propose a unifying mechanism. In all cases where fetal globin is upregulated, the proximal adult β-globin (HBB) promoter is deleted. We use clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-mediated gene editing to delete or disrupt elements within the promoter and find that virtually all mutations that reduce ΗΒΒ promoter activity result in elevated fetal globin expression. These results fit with previous models where the fetal and adult globin genes compete for the distal locus control region and suggest that targeting the ΗΒΒ promoter might be explored to elevate fetal globin and reduce sickle globin expression as a treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Topfer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruopeng Feng
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Peng Huang
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - Lana C Ly
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabriella E Martyn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerd A Blobel
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; and
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mitchell J Weiss
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Merlin Crossley
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Singha K, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. δ-Hemoglobinopathies in Thailand: screening, molecular basis, genotype-phenotype interaction, and implication for prevention and control of thalassemia. Ann Hematol 2021; 100:1953-1963. [PMID: 33834283 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The δ-globin gene defects are clinically silent but interaction with β-thalassemia can lead to a misdiagnosis of β-thalassemia carrier. We report an extensive molecular characterization of δ-hemoglobinopathies in Thailand. Study was done on 32,108 subjects, encountered at the thalassemia screening. Six different approaches based on the reduced Hb A2 or appearance of Hb A2-derivative were established for selective recruitment of subjects. Among 32,108 subjects, a total of 296 subjects were suspected of having δ-globin gene defects. Of these 296 subjects, Hb and DNA analyses identified δ-hemoglobinopathies with 10 different mutations in 34 (0.11%) of them. These included a novel mutation, [δCD30(AGG>GGG) (n = 1)], 5 previously undescribed in Thailand, [δ-44(G>A) (n = 7), Hb A2-Troodos (n = 5), δIVSII-897(A>C) (n = 4), δ-68(C>T) (n = 2), and Hb A2-Indonesia (n = 1)], and 4 mutations previously found in Thailand, [Hb A2-Melbourne (n = 9), δ-77(T>C) (n = 3), Hb A2' (n = 1), and Hb A2-Kiriwong (n = 1)]. Genetic heterogeneities seen included interactions of δ-globin gene defects with heterozygous Hb E, β-thalassemia, α-thalassemia, and in cis locations of the Hb A2-Troodos and Hb E mutations found for the first time. Rapid identification methods of these δ-globin gene mutations were developed. The results should prove useful to a prevention and control program of hemoglobinopathies in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Singha K, Chaibunruang A, Souvanlasy B, Srivorakun H, Yamsri S, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. β-Hemoglobinopathies in the Lao People's Democratic Republic: Molecular diagnostics and implication for a prevention and control program. Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 43:500-505. [PMID: 33244864 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A high frequency of β-thalassemia in Lao People's Democratic Republic necessitates the importance of complete molecular data before a prevention and control program could be established. Limited data are available for Lao PDR. We have now reported an extended information on the molecular basis of β-hemoglobinopathies in this population. METHODS The study was done on 519 unrelated Laos subjects requested for thalassemia investigation. Hematological data were recorded. Hb profiles were obtained using a capillary electrophoresis system. α-And β-globin genotyping was performed using PCR and related techniques. RESULTS Among the 519 subjects, 287 (55.3%) were found to carry β-hemoglobinopathies based on Hb and DNA analyses. These included Hb E carriers (n = 135), homozygous Hb E (n = 47), β-thalassemia carriers (n = 70), Hb E-β-thalassemia (n = 25), homozygous β-thalassemia (n = 4), heterozygous δβ0 -thalassemia (n = 2), and carriers of the β-Hb variant (n = 3). Mutation analysis identified in addition to the Hb E, 8 different β-thalassemia mutations including codon 17 (A-T), codons 41/42 (-TTCT), NT-28 (A-G), codons 71/72 (+A), IVS1-1 (G-T), 3.4 kb deletion, an initiation codon (T-G) and IVS2-654 (C-T). Two δβ0 -thalassemia carriers (12.6 kb deletion) and three subjects with Hb Hope (β136GGT-GAT ) were identified. Hematological features associated with these β-hemoglobinopathies were presented. CONCLUSION β-hemoglobinopathies in the Laos population is heterogeneous. This information is relevant for setting up a molecular diagnostics and can provide a basis for genetic counseling and enable prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Attawut Chaibunruang
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Hataichanok Srivorakun
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Yamsri
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Du L, Qin D, Wang J, Yu L, Yao C, Liu L, Zhang Y, Hu T, Yuan T, Liang J, Yin A. Genetic and phenotypic analysis of a rare asymptomatic case of a homozygous Chinese Gγ +( Aγδβ) 0-thalassemia deletion in a Chinese family. Clin Biochem 2019; 76:11-16. [PMID: 31765637 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical and hematologic features of thalassemia are due to different factors, and patients with identical genotypes may regularly exhibit variable severity. In the present work, one homozygous Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0-thalassemia case with an asymptomatic phenotype, which is contrary to traditional views, was identified. Analysis of the underlying causes of this rare clinical phenotype involved accurate genetic diagnosis and detection of several genetic modifications. METHODS Six members of the proband's family were enrolled in the study. Hematological parameters and hemoglobin analysis results were recorded. A suspension-array system, multiplex gap-polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were used together to characterize genotypes. Sanger sequencing was utilized to examine the KLF1 gene and four primary fetal hemoglobin (Hb F)-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS Four family members carried the Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0-thalassemia mutation, and a homozygous state was ultimately diagnosed for the proband. All of the Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0 mutation-positive cases were coinherited with the Southern Asian α-thalassemia deletion (- - SEA/αα). Two SNP variants, rs7776054 and rs9399137, in the HBS1L-MYB locus were detected in the proband. CONCLUSIONS Thus far, this is the first study to describe the molecular characterization of a homozygous Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0-thalassemia patient who exhibits no clinical symptoms. Our findings suggest that coinheritance of α-thalassemia or HBS1L-MYB locus variants may affect the clinical severity of Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0-thalassemia. We conclude that the molecular examination of genetic determinants known to be associated with clinical outcomes in Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0-thalassemia should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Du
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Danqing Qin
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Jicheng Wang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Cuize Yao
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Tenglong Yuan
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Aihua Yin
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China; Thalassemia Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China.
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11
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Singha K, Fucharoen G, Sanchaisuriya K, Fucharoen S. EE score: an index for simple differentiation of homozygous hemoglobin E and hemoglobin E-β0-thalassemia. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 56:1507-1513. [PMID: 29668441 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to describe a formula based on hemoglobin (Hb)A2 and HbF levels for differentiation of homozygous HbE and HbE-β-thalassemia. METHODS A total of 1256 subjects suspected for homozygous HbE or HbE-β0-thalassemia were recruited at the ongoing thalassemia screening program at Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Hb analysis was done using capillary electrophoresis. Genotyping was based on DNA analysis. An arbitrary formula based on HbA2 and HbF was developed statistically for differentiation of the two conditions. Validation was carried out prospectively on another 139 subjects encountered at routine laboratory. RESULTS Among 1256 subjects, Hb and DNA analyses identified cases with homozygous HbE (n=1076, 85.7%), HbE-β0-thalassemia (n=140, 11.1%), HbE-δβ0-thalassemia (n=30, 2.4%) and unknown HbE-related disorder (n=10, 0.8%). An inverse correlation between the amounts of HbA2 and HbF in HbE-β0-thalassemia was observed. With differences in the amounts of HbA2 and HbF between the groups, an arbitrary score (7.3 HbA2+HbF) was developed where score above 60 indicated HbE-β0-thalassemia. Application of this score on another 139 subjects showed accurate prediction of HbE-β0-thalassemia with 100% sensitivity, 96.5% specificity, 85.7% positive predictive value and 100% negative predictive value. Successful application onto couples at risk was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS An established score should prove useful in the differentiation of homozygous HbE and HbE-β0-thalassemia in routine setting and lead to a significant reduction in number of referring cases for molecular testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Phone/Fax: +66-43-202-083
| | - Kanokwan Sanchaisuriya
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Phone/Fax: +66-43-202-083
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12
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Arong A, Wangwok G, Singha K, Sanchaisuriya K, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Differentiation of homozygous hemoglobin E and hemoglobin E-β 0 -thalassemia in children. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 41:e70-e72. [PMID: 30582675 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Areeda Arong
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Greetapop Wangwok
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kritsada Singha
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sanchaisuriya
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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13
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Singha K, Srivorakun H, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Co-inheritance of α 0 -thalassemia elevates Hb A 2 level in homozygous Hb E: Diagnostic implications. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39:508-512. [PMID: 28497611 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Differentiation of homozygous hemoglobin (Hb) E with and without α0 -thalassemia is subtle on routine hematological ground. We examined in a large cohort of homozygous Hb E if the level of Hb A2 is helpful. METHODS A total of 592 subjects with homozygous Hb E were recruited from ongoing thalassemia screening program. Additionally, five couples at risk of having fetuses with Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis who were homozygous Hb E were also investigated. Hb analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis system. Globin genotypes were defined by DNA analysis. RESULTS Subjects were classified into four groups including pure homozygous Hb E (n=532), homozygous Hb E/α0 -thalassemia (n=48), Hb Constant Spring EE Bart's disease (n=8), and Hb EE Bart's disease (n=4). The levels of Hb A2 were found, respectively, to be 4.97±0.69, 6.64±1.02, 4.86±0.87, and 7.60±1.04%. Among five couples at risk, α0 -thalassemia was identified in three subjects with Hb A2 >6.0%. CONCLUSIONS Increased Hb A2 level is a useful marker for differentiation of homozygous Hb E with and without α0 -thalassemia. This should lead to a significant reduction in number of referral cases of homozygous Hb E for molecular testing of α0 -thalassemia in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - H Srivorakun
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - G Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - S Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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14
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Srivorakun H, Fucharoen G, Sanchaisuriya K, Fucharoen S. Diagnosis of common hemoglobinopathies among South East Asian population using capillary isoelectric focusing system. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 39:101-111. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Srivorakun
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - G. Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - K. Sanchaisuriya
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - S. Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
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15
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Basak A, Sankaran VG. Regulation of the fetal hemoglobin silencing factor BCL11A. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1368:25-30. [PMID: 26963603 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The clinical severity of sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia, the major disorders of β-globin, can be ameliorated by increased production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). Here, we provide a brief overview of the fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch that occurs in humans shortly after birth and review our current understanding of one of the most potent known regulators of this switching process, the multiple zinc finger-containing transcription factor BCL11A. Originally identified in genome-wide association studies, multiple orthogonal lines of evidence have validated BCL11A as a key regulator of hemoglobin switching and as a promising therapeutic target for HbF induction. We discuss recent studies that have highlighted its importance in silencing the HbF-encoding genes and discuss opportunities that exist to further understand the regulation of BCL11A and its mechanism of action, which could provide new insight into opportunities to induce HbF for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Basak
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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16
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Prayalaw P, Teawtrakul N, Jetsrisuparb A, Pongudom S, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S. Phenotype and Genotype in a Cohort of 312 Adult Patients with Nontransfusion-Dependent Thalassemia in Northeast Thailand. Acta Haematol 2015; 135:15-20. [PMID: 26303193 DOI: 10.1159/000435802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Patients with nontransfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) do not require regular blood transfusion for survival but may encounter several complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality. We report the molecular heterogeneity and hematological features of NTDT in 312 adult patients in northeast Thailand. Hemoglobin (Hb) and DNA analyses identified 177 subjects with Hb E-β-thalassemia, 1 with homozygous β0-thalassemia and 134 with Hb H, AEBart's and EEBart's diseases. For β-thalassemia, 12 different mutations including both β0- and β+-thalassemias were detected. Coinheritance of α-thalassemia as an ameliorating factor was observed in 18 of 178 cases (10.1%) with β-thalassemia. The α-globin gene triplicated haplotype (αααanti3.7) was observed in 1 case of Hb E-β0-thalassemia. The presence of the -158 (Cx2192;T) Gx03B3;-XmnI polymorphism (+/+) was found to be associated with increased Hb F expression, but its frequency in the studied subjects was low. Those with α-thalassemia included 17 with deletional and 51 nondeletional Hb H, and 63 with AEBart's and 3 with EEBart's diseases. The hematological parameters of these NTDT and genotype-phenotype relationships are presented. The diverse molecular heterogeneity of NTDT underlines the importance of complete genotyping of the patient. These results should prove useful for management planning, the prediction of clinical outcome and to improve genetic counseling for NTDT patients.
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Abstract
Sickle cell disease and β thalassemia are common severe diseases with little effective pathophysiologically-based treatment. Their phenotypic heterogeneity prompted genomic approaches to identify modifiers that ultimately might be exploited therapeutically. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is the major modulator of the phenotype of the β hemoglobinopathies. HbF inhibits deoxyHbS polymerization and in β thalassemia compensates for the reduction of HbA. The major success of genomics has been a better understanding the genetic regulation of HbF by identifying the major quantitative trait loci for this trait. If the targets identified can lead to means of increasing HbF to therapeutic levels in sufficient numbers of sickle or β-thalassemia erythrocytes, the pathophysiology of these diseases would be reversed. The availability of new target loci, high-throughput drug screening, and recent advances in genome editing provide the opportunity for new approaches to therapeutically increasing HbF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyen A Ngo
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave., FGH 1st Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Martin H Steinberg
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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18
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Singha K, Fucharoen G, Hama A, Fucharoen S. A novel (A)γδβ(0)-thalassemia caused by DNA deletion-inversion-insertion of the β-globin gene cluster and five olfactory receptor genes: Genetic interactions, hematological phenotypes and molecular characterization. Clin Biochem 2015; 48:703-8. [PMID: 25866400 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the phenotypes and genetic basis of a novel (A)γδβ(0)-thalassemia found in Thai individuals with several forms of thalassemia. DESIGNS AND METHODS An initial study was done in an adult Thai woman who had hypochromic microcytic red cells with unusually 100% Hb F. Extended study was carried out on her parents and another 17 unrelated individuals with elevated Hb F. Hb analysis was performed by capillary electrophoresis and DNA analysis was done using PCR. A novel diagnostic method based on multiplex PCR assays was developed. RESULTS DNA analysis of the proband revealed the homozygosity for a novel deletion of 118.3 kb, removing the entire (A)γ, ψβ, δ-, β-globin and five olfactory receptor (OR) genes with an insertion of a 179 bp inverted DNA sequence located behind the OR52A5 gene located downstream and an insertion of 7 orphan nucleotides. Her parents were both carriers of this mutation. Further screening in suspected cases in our series unexpectedly led to identification of an additional 17 cases with this mutation in different genotypes including plain heterozygote, homozygote, compound heterozygote with Hb E, and double heterozygote with several forms of α-thalassemia. Hematological features associated with these genetic interactions are presented. CONCLUSIONS Haplotype analysis indicated a single origin of this novel deletion-inversion-insertion (A)γδβ(0)-thalassemia in the Thai population. Differentiation of this mutation and other high Hb F determinants documented previously could be done by using a developed multiplex PCR assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Singha
- The Medical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Thailand; Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Abdulloh Hama
- Narathiwasrajanagarindra Hospital, Narathiwas, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
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Prajantasen T, Fucharoen S, Fucharoen G. High resolution melting analytical platform for rapid prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia common among Southeast Asian population. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 441:56-62. [PMID: 25526804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a powerful technology for scanning sequence alteration. We have applied this HRM assay to screen common β-thalassemia mutations found among Southeast Asian population. METHODS Known DNA samples with 8 common mutations were used in initial development of the methods including -28 A-G, codon 17 A-T, IVSI-1G-T, IVSI-5G-C, codon 26G-A (Hb E), codons 41/42 -TTCT, codons 71/72+A and IVSII-654 C-T. Further validation was done on 60 postnatal and 6 prenatal diagnoses of β-thalassemia. RESULTS Each mutation has specific HRM profile which could be used in rapid screening. Apart from those with DNA deletions, the results of HRM assay matched 100% with those of routine diagnosis made by routine allele specific PCR. In addition, the HRM assay could initially recognize three unknown mutations including a hitherto un-described one in Thai population. CONCLUSIONS The established HRM assay should prove useful for rapid and high throughput platform for screening and prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia common in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanet Prajantasen
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Thailand; Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Goonnapa Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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