1
|
O J, Aspden T, Thomas AG, Chang L, Ho MHR, Li NP, van Vugt M. Mind the gap: Development and validation of an evolutionary mismatched lifestyle scale and its impact on health and wellbeing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34997. [PMID: 39166012 PMCID: PMC11334630 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying an integrative framework that could appropriately delineate underlying mechanisms and individual risk/protective factors for human health has remained elusive. Evolutionary mismatch theory provides a comprehensive, integrative model for understanding the underlying causes and mechanisms of a wide range of modern health and well-being problems, ranging from obesity to depression. Despite growing interest regarding its importance though, no psychometrically-sound measure of evolutionary mismatch yet exists to facilitate research and intervention. To construct such a scale, aimed at gauging individual differences in the extent to which people's modern lifestyles are mismatched with ancestral conditions, we conducted four studies (a pilot study, followed by 3 main studies, with a final sample of 1901 participants across the main studies). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have produced a 36-item evolutionary mismatched lifestyle scale (EMLS) with 7 subdomains of mismatched behaviours (e.g., diet, physical activity, relationships, social media use) that is psychometrically sound. Further, the EMLS is associated with physical, mental and subjective health. We explore the potential of the EMLS as a tool for examining interpersonal and cultural variations in health and wellbeing, while also discussing the limitations of the scale and future directions in relation to further psychometric examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing O
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom
| | - Trefor Aspden
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lei Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Moon-Ho Ringo Ho
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Norman P. Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | - Mark van Vugt
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Di Benedetto MG, Landi P, Mencacci C, Cattaneo A. Depression in Women: Potential Biological and Sociocultural Factors Driving the Sex Effect. Neuropsychobiology 2024; 83:2-16. [PMID: 38272005 PMCID: PMC10871691 DOI: 10.1159/000531588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Important sex-related differences have been observed in the onset, prevalence, and clinical phenotype of depression, based on several epidemiological studies. Social, behavioural, and educational factors have a great role in underlying this bias; however, also several biological factors are extensively involved. Indeed, sexually dimorphic biological systems might represent the underlying ground for these disparities, including cerebral structures and neural correlates, reproductive hormones, stress response pathways, the immune system and inflammatory reaction, metabolism, and fat distribution. Furthermore, in this perspective, it is also important to consider and focus the attention on specific ages and life stages of individuals: indeed, women experience during their life specific periods of reproductive transitional phases, which are not found in men, that represent windows of particular psychological vulnerability. In addition to these, other biologically related risk factors, including the occurrence of sleep disturbances and the exposure to childhood trauma, which are found to differentially affect men and women, are also putative underlying mechanisms of the clinical bias of depression. Overall, by taking into account major differences which characterize men and women it might be possible to improve the diagnostic process, as well as treat more efficiently depressed individuals, based on a more personalized medicine and research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Di Benedetto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy,
| | - Paola Landi
- Department of Neuroscience, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Mencacci
- Department of Neuroscience, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balmumcu A, Ozturk N. The effect of pilates and a WhatsApp-based health intervention program on symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS): A randomized controlled study. Health Care Women Int 2023; 45:929-945. [PMID: 38133631 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2023.2294819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) reduces the quality of life of young women and negatively affects their mental health and productivity. Regular physical activity and lifestyle changes are effective in alleviating and eliminating PMS symptoms. Accordingly, this randomized controlled study aims to investigate the effect of pilates and a WhatsApp-based support program on reducing PMS symptoms. A support program including pilates exercises and sending text messages was applied for 8 weeks to the students in the intervention group, and no attempt was made to the students in the control group. In this study, it was found that a support program including pilates exercise and Whatsapp text messages significantly reduced PMS symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Balmumcu
- Söke Vocational School of Health Services Home Patient Care Program, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Söke/Aydın, Turkey
| | - Nazan Ozturk
- Söke Vocational School of Health Services Home Patient Care Program, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Söke/Aydın, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rafiee Y, Heine C, Schacht A. Does the interplay of emotion-related personality traits and reproductive hormones predict individual variation in emotion recognition? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295176. [PMID: 38117736 PMCID: PMC10732445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Person-related variation has been identified in many socio-cognitive domains, and there is evidence for links between certain personality traits and individual emotion recognition. Some studies, utilizing the menstrual cycle as a hormonal model, attempted to demonstrate that hormonal fluctuations could predict variations in emotion recognition, but with merely inconsistent findings. Remarkably, the interplay between hormone fluctuations and other person-related factors that could potentially influence emotion recognition remains understudied. In the current study, we examined if the interactions of emotion-related personality traits, namely openness, extraversion, and neuroticism, and the ovulatory cycle predict individual variation in facial emotion recognition in healthy naturally cycling women. We collected salivary ovarian hormones measures from N = 129 (n = 72 validated via LH test) women across their late follicular and mid-luteal phases of the ovulatory cycle. The results revealed a negative association between neuroticism scores and emotion recognition when progesterone levels (within-subject) were elevated. However, the results did not indicate a significant moderating influence of neuroticism, openness, and extraversion on emotion recognition across phases (late follicular vs. mid-luteal) of the menstrual cycle. Additionally, there was no significant interaction between openness or extraversion and ovarian hormone levels in predicting facial emotion recognition. The current study suggests future lines of research to compare these findings in a clinical setting, as both neuroticism and ovarian hormone dysregulation are associated with some psychiatric disorders such as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Rafiee
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus “Primate Cognition”, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Heine
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anne Schacht
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus “Primate Cognition”, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Akyuz Cim EF, Cim N. The Effect of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Diagnosis and Severity on Depression Sensitivity. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:862-865. [PMID: 37851411 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is thought to be associated with depressive disorder. In our study, the depression susceptibility of female patients with PMDD was assessed using the depression sensitivity scale, which is different from previous studies. The study was conducted on 32 PMDD patients aged 18-40 years who applied to the psychiatry outpatient clinic and 30 healthy controls. The mean age of women diagnosed with PMDD was similar ( p = 0.467). The probability of having a family history of PMDD was significantly higher in the PMDD group than in the control group (χ 2 = 11.182, p = 0.001). Previous psychotropic drug use (χ 2 = 8.862, p = 0.003) and family history of mental illness (χ 2 = 5.995, p = 0.014) were significantly higher in PMDD patients compared with the control group. The sociodemographic questionnaire, the Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity (LEIDS), and the Premenstrual Assessment Form were administered to the participants. No significant difference was found between the patient and healthy groups regarding LEIDS scores ( r = 0.75, p > 0.05). In patients with PMDD, the clinical severity of PMDD was found to increase susceptibility to depression ( r = 0.460, p < 0.01). It was revealed that PMDD severity was associated with susceptibility to depression rather than PMDD diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Fusun Akyuz Cim
- Department of Psychiatry, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Medical Faculty, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Numan Cim
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martin BR, Woodruff J. Management of a Patient With Premenstrual Syndrome Using Acupuncture, Supplements, and Meditation: A Case Report. J Chiropr Med 2023; 22:222-229. [PMID: 37644997 PMCID: PMC10461168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this case report was to describe a multimodal approach for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Clinical Features A 36-year-old nulliparous woman presented to a free clinic for veterans and their spouses. She received a PMS diagnosis at age 18. She was previously prescribed hormonal birth control and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which minimally affected her condition. She stopped using conventional medicine therapies at age 27. Laboratory results showed that her progesterone was below 0.5 ng/mL. Her symptom score was 50 out of 60 on the Treatment Strategies for PMS assessment tool. During her menses, she experienced low back pain and stiffness, bloating, swelling, weight gain, breast tenderness, swelling, and pain, and she felt overwhelmed and stressed. Intervention and Outcome Traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture was administered in conjunction with 100 mg of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) and a B-100 complex once a day and 400 mg of magnesium citrate, 1000 mg of flaxseed oil (Linum usitatissimum), and 1000 mg of turmeric (Curcuma longa) twice a day. Five days before the onset of her menstrual period, she was to ingest a B-100 complex twice a day and 400 mg of magnesium citrate, 1000 mg of flaxseed oil, and 1000 mg of turmeric 3 times a day. Mindfulness meditation was encouraged twice a day for 10 minutes to reduce stress. After 12 treatments over 3 months, her symptom score decreased to 18 out of 60 and remained below 20 for an additional 32 weeks. Conclusion This patient with PMS symptoms positively responded to a multimodal approach using traditional Chinese medicine-style acupuncture, dietary supplements, and mindfulness meditation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett R. Martin
- Basic Science Department, National University of Health Sciences, Pinellas Park, Florida
| | - Jade Woodruff
- Basic Science Department, National University of Health Sciences, Pinellas Park, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sureja VP, Kheni DB, Dubey VP, Kansagra J, Soni ZK, Bhatt SP, Mathuria A, Deshpande SS. Efficacy and Tolerability Evaluation of a Nutraceutical Composition Containing Vitex agnus-castus Extract (EVX40™), Pyridoxine, and Magnesium in Premenstrual Syndrome: A Real-World, Interventional, Comparative Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42832. [PMID: 37664371 PMCID: PMC10472015 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS) is a condition associated with altered hormone levels during the menstrual phase of females and is characterised by physical, emotional, and behavioural symptoms that have a negative impact on the quality of life of females. The symptoms of PMS may vary between individuals, but the major complication is pain, especially during menstrual days. The current treatment strategy involves the use of hormonal therapies and analgesics for symptomatic relief, but these therapies have a risk of potential side effects. The use of herbal and nutraceutical supplements in PMS conditions is increasing due to their long-term safety and proven efficacy. The current real-world study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Ezedayz® tablets containing Vitex agnus-castus extract (EVX40™), vitamin B6, and magnesium in PMS subjects. Methodology A real-world, open-label study was conducted involving 64 participants with varied severity of PMS symptoms. Participants were categorised into Group A (N=23) receiving standard therapies, Group B (N=20) receiving Ezedayz® tablets, or Group C (N=21) receiving standard and Ezedayz® therapy. Standard therapies were provided as per physician supervision, and Ezedayz® tablets were given for 90 days. All subjects were evaluated on core symptoms of PMS like menstrual backache, menstrual cramps, joint or muscle pain, and headache using the numerical rating scale (NRS), and quality-of-life (QoL) was evaluated using a QoL questionnaire. A spontaneous reporting methodology was used to evaluate the tolerability of the therapies provided. Statistical analysis was performed as per the statistical plan. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Out of 64 participants, five were lost to follow-up, and the data of 59 participants were included in the final analysis. All groups showed improvement in all evaluated parameters, but Group B and Group C showed greater improvement at the end of the study in all evaluated parameters. The quality-of-life assessment revealed greater improvement in Group B and Group C participants compared to Group C in all evaluated QoL parameters. No serious side effects were observed in any subjects. Conclusion The results of the current study conclude that the nutraceutical composition of Vitex agnus-castus extract, vitamin B6, and magnesium is effective in reducing the severity of PMS symptoms and improving the quality of life of PMS subjects. The nutraceutical therapy provided greater relief from PMS symptoms compared to standard therapy alone, and this effect was augmented when the nutraceutical therapy was provided in combination with standard therapies. Similarly, the improvement in quality-of-life parameters was greater in subjects treated with nutraceuticals alone or in combination therapy. Despite the limitations of the study, the results of the current study are promising, and the nutraceutical composition (Ezedayz®) can be effectively used in clinical settings to control symptoms and improve the quality of life of PMS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun P Sureja
- Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Dharmeshkumar B Kheni
- Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Vishal P Dubey
- Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Jignesh Kansagra
- Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Zeel K Soni
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Sandipkumar P Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Akash Mathuria
- Department of Pharmacology, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Shrikalp S Deshpande
- Department of Pharmacology, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Studer E, Nilsson S, Westman A, Pedersen NL, Eriksson E. Significance and Interrelationship of the Symptoms Listed in the DSM Criteria for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2023; 5:105-113. [PMID: 37711753 PMCID: PMC10499188 DOI: 10.1176/appi.prcp.20220007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective While premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) as defined in DSM has become an established diagnosis, and a formal indication for drug treatment, the relative impact of the disparate symptoms named in the criteria, and to what extent they indeed constitute parts of one syndrome, remains insufficiently clarified. We have therefore explored the frequency, impact, and inter-relationship of different PMDD symptoms. Method Using a web survey, 10,457 Swedish women of fertile age were asked to retrospectively assess if they experience reduced functioning due to symptoms clearly associated with the premenstrual phase. Those responding affirmatively reported presence, severity, and impact of each symptom named in the PMDD criteria. Result Nine percent reported impairing premenstrual symptoms. Whereas irritability was reported to cause impairment in 77% of those passing the gate questions, somatic symptoms were common but seldom causing impairment. A vast majority reported presence of at least 5 different symptoms, as required to meet the PMDD criteria, but few reported each of 5 different symptoms to be severe or impairing. An analysis of the association between symptoms revealed clear-cut clustering of somatic and mood symptoms, respectively. Conclusion While retrospective account suggested irritability to be the clinically most important premenstrual symptom, some of the complaints named in the PMDD criteria were not or only weakly associated with mood symptoms and also reported to be of limited clinical significance. It is concluded that regarding all symptoms listed in the DSM criteria as clinically relevant manifestations of one and the same syndrome may be questioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Studer
- Department of PharmacologyInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology at the Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Staffan Nilsson
- Institute of Mathematical SciencesChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| | - Anna Westman
- Department of PharmacologyInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology at the Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Elias Eriksson
- Department of PharmacologyInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology at the Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Labots-Vogelesang MS, Teunissen DAM, Kranenburg V, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Views of Dutch general practitioners about premenstrual symptoms: A qualitative interview study. Eur J Gen Pract 2021; 27:19-26. [PMID: 33729076 PMCID: PMC7971273 DOI: 10.1080/13814788.2021.1889505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background General practitioners (GPs) encounter women suffering from premenstrual symptoms. Often women with premenstrual problems experience little understanding from GPs. Views of GPs will influence their approach to these women and their care. Insight into these views is lacking but could help in designing educational programmes for GPs. Objectives To explore the views of Dutch GPs towards aetiology, diagnostic process, and preferred treatment of premenstrual symptoms. Methods In 2017, we conducted a qualitative, semi-structured, interview survey among 27 GPs, varying in age, gender, and practice setting. Results Important themes emerged from the interviews: ‘no need for a symptom diary,’ ‘PMS defined as illness’ exclusively in case of disruption of normal functioning, and ‘symptomatic treatment’ as preferred approach. Most GPs considered PMS to be a physiological phenomenon, with taking history as an adequate diagnostic tool. Almost all GPs regarded a normal cyclical hormonal cycle as causal; many also mentioned the combination with personal sensitivity. Some pointed to a dividing line between physiological condition and illness if women could not function normally in daily life. Lastly, the approach GPs preferred was focussing on relieving symptoms of individual patients. In addition to explaining the hormonal cycle and lifestyle advice, all GPs advocated oral contraceptives, and if necessary psychological support. GPs expressed negative feelings about prescribing antidepressants. Conclusion GPs considered physiological changes and personal sensitivity as aetiological factors. We recommend more training to improve GPs knowledge and more insight into the burden of women with PMS. A symptom diary is an essential diagnostic tool for GPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijke S Labots-Vogelesang
- Gender and Women's Health Unit, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Doreth A M Teunissen
- Gender and Women's Health Unit, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivianne Kranenburg
- Gender and Women's Health Unit, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine L M Lagro-Janssen
- Gender and Women's Health Unit, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bellofiore N, Cousins F, Temple-Smith P, Evans J. Altered exploratory behaviour and increased food intake in the spiny mouse before menstruation: a unique pre-clinical model for examining premenstrual syndrome. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:308-322. [PMID: 30561655 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the newly discovered menstruating spiny mouse exhibit behavioural and metabolic changes in correlation with premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER This is the first report of cycle variability in the exploratory and interactive behaviour, and food consumption in menstruating spiny mice, and demonstrates that physiological changes are also dependent on within-subject variation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prominent cyclic disorder that affects millions of women worldwide. More than 70% of women endure symptoms of impending menstruation, such as bloating, abdominal cramping and nausea to some degree. Consequently, ~8% of women experience recurrent physical and emotional symptoms which are extreme enough to disrupt daily life and seek intervention. Due to a lack of an appropriate animal model, the mechanisms underlying PMS are poorly understood, and subsequently, effective treatments are limited. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study analyses the changes in behavioural responses to the investigator during vaginal lavage (n = 14), exploratory behaviour (n = 11) and metabolism (n = 20) across the menstrual cycle in the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We performed vaginal lavages on virgin spiny mice (6-8 months of age) and subjected each cohort of females to repeated measures for vaginal lavage, exploratory behaviour and metabolism. Stages of the menstrual cycle were designated as early follicular, late follicular, early luteal, late luteal, early menstrual and late menstrual, with the late luteal and early menstrual phases considered as premenstrual phases and analysed using generalized estimating equations. For vaginal lavage, the behavioural responses to researcher handling were scored on an increasing scale of severity during the lavage process (e.g. restraint, frequency of vocalizations, total handling time). For exploratory behaviour, exploration, memory and sociability were assessed through subjection to Open Field (OF), Novel Object Recognition (NORT), Social Novelty (SN) and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) tests. For metabolism, physiological changes were measured over a 24-h period in metabolic cages. Results are mean ± SD with statistical significance set to P < 0.05. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Qualitative behavioural assessment showed that compared to early follicular controls, during premenstrual phases, cycling females had significantly increased probability of: manifesting difficulties during restraint (4×, P < 0.01), vocalizing (8×, P < 0.01) and exhibiting isolation in the cage (40×, P = 0.041). We saw significant increases in handling time during the premenstrual phase in cycling females (76 ± 16 s) compared to controls (55 ± 7 s, P < 0.001). For exploratory behaviour, cycling females in their early menstrual phase travelled significantly less distance in the outer zone of the OF arena (13.3 ± 9.0 m) than females in their early luteal phase (22.3 ± 9.9 m, P = 0.038) and at significantly reduced velocities (40.2 ± 10.5 mm/s and 78.8 ± 31.0 mm/s, respectively, P = 0.006). These females also had fewer entries into the EPM open arms during the same phases (9.6 ± 6.1 and versus 20.0 ± 7.2, respectively, P = 0.030) and travelled less distance (3.2 ± 2.8 m versus 7.0 ± 5.5 m, respectively, P = 0.026). No differences were observed in NORT or SN across the cycle. In the metabolism studies, spiny mice demonstrated a significant increase in food consumption (percentage of body weight) during the early follicular and late luteal phases (3.9 ± 2.4% and 3.8 ± 2.1%, respectively) compared to the late follicular phase (2.3 ± 2.6%, P = 0.015). LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is an observational study to determine fundamental changes in behaviour and metabolism in a novel species, and as such, lacks commercially available laboratory reagents and protocols specific to the spiny mouse. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The timing of these behavioural and physiological changes suggests that spiny mice exhibit symptoms analogous to PMS in higher order primates, thus providing a pre-clinical model for testing novel interventions to alleviate premenstrual symptoms and overcoming many limitations associated with this research area. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) N.B. is supported by a Research Training Program stipend through Monash University. J.E. is supported by a Fellowship awarded by the Peter Fielding Foundation. The Hudson Institute of Medical Research is supported by the Victorian Government Operational Research Infrastructure Support. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bellofiore
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia.,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Fiona Cousins
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia.,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Jemma Evans
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Relationship between the Premenstrual Syndrome and Resting Cardiac Vagal Tone in Young Healthy Females: Role of Hormonal Contraception. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-020-09841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Menstrual problems in adolescence: relationship to serum vitamins A and E, and systemic inflammation. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 301:189-197. [PMID: 31734759 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin status and inflammatory mechanisms may be related to menstrual cycle abnormalities. We investigated the associations between serum fat soluble vitamin (vitamins A and E) concentrations and biomarkers of inflammation and antioxidant status with menstrual characteristics, primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in healthy adolescents. METHODS A total of 897 adolescent girls either suffering from PMS (n = 134), PD (n = 322), PMS and PD (n = 293) or healthy adolescents (n = 148) were recruited. Serum vitamin A and E, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), antibody titers to Hsp27 (anti-Hsp27), serum prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), WBC, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) and RBC distribution width (RDW) were measured. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and RDW-to-platelet ratio (RPR) were calculated. RESULTS Girls with long bleeding periods had lower concentrations of serum vitamin E compared to those who reported a normal period duration. There were significantly differences between the groups reporting oligomenorrhea, regular menses and polymenorrhea with respect to NLR, RPR, MPV and PDW. Logistic regression demonstrated that the presence of both PMS and PD was positively related to higher serum hs-CRP, PAB and NLR, while serum vitamin A level was inversely related to the presence of PMS. CONCLUSIONS We found that serum vitamin A, hs-CRP, PAB and NLR are significantly associated with the presence of PMS and PD. Inflammatory processes may contribute to the etiology, symptoms and severity of menstrual disorders. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate the possibility of targeting oxidative stress and inflammatory process for the amelioration of menstrual symptoms.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bellofiore N, Evans J. Monkeys, mice and menses: the bloody anomaly of the spiny mouse. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:811-817. [PMID: 30610663 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The common spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) is the only known rodent to demonstrate a myriad of physiological processes unseen in their murid relatives. The most recently discovered of these uncharacteristic traits: spontaneous decidual transformation of the uterus in virgin females, preceding menstruation. Menstruation occurring without experimental intervention in rodents has not been documented elsewhere to date, and natural menstruation is indeed rare in the animal kingdom outside of higher order primates. This review briefly summarises the current knowledge of spiny mouse biology and taxonomy, and explores their endocrinology which may aid in our understanding of the evolution of menstruation in this species. We propose that DHEA, synthesised by the spiny mouse (but not other rodents), humans and other menstruating primates, is integral in spontaneous decidualisation and therefore menstruation. We discuss both physiological and behavioural attributes across the menstrual cycle in the spiny mouse analogous to those observed in other menstruating species, including premenstrual syndrome. We further encourage the use of the spiny mouse as a small animal model of menstruation and female reproductive biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bellofiore
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright St, Clayton, 3168, Australia. .,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, 3168, Australia.
| | - Jemma Evans
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright St, Clayton, 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Temel S, Terzioglu F, Isik Koc G. Premenstrual syndrome in university students: its correlation with their attitudes toward gender roles. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2018; 39:228-236. [PMID: 28617173 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2017.1338265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychosocial factors causing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are closely correlated with gender. Thus, this study's aim was to identify correlations between gender role attitudes (GRA) and PMS status of university students. METHODS The participants of this descriptive study were 1515 female students from 13 departments of Hacettepe University using stratified sampling method. Data were collected between February and May 2014 using a semi-structured questionnaire, the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), and the Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS). Correlations between PMSS and GRAS scores were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The difference between PMSS and GRAS scores in terms of sociodemographic characteristics was analyzed using the t-test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The mean total PMSS score was 117.96 ± 34.41, indicating moderate PMS levels. The total mean GRAS score was 162.71 ± 17.50, indicating an egalitarian GRA. As the gender roles in marriage of the participants became traditional, depressive thoughts and swelling became more common (rs= -0.620, p < .05; rs= -0.560, p < .05). The educational level of the mothers and perceived economic status were sociodemographic factors affecting both GRA and PMS. DISCUSSION GRA and sociodemographic characteristics should be considered in healthcare services for PMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Temel
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, Faculty of Nursing , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fusun Terzioglu
- b Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences , Istinye University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Gulten Isik Koc
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, Faculty of Nursing , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most prevalent disorders at reproductive age and has a negative impact on emotions and performance of women. Since various factors play a role in the development of this syndrome, the present study was aimed to examine biopsychosocial etiology of PMS in the form of a narrative review. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies were collected based on the three subjects of biological, psychological, and social etiologies during 1987-2015. First, Medical Subject Headings was used to specify the relevant keywords such as biological, psychological, social, and premenstrual syndrome which were used to search Internet databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PMDR, Ovid, Magiran, and Iranmedex, which led to collection of 1 book and 26 Persian and English articles. RESULTS The results were classified into three sections. In the biological section, the effect and role of sex hormones and their changes in PMS were examined. In the psychological section, hypotheses on PMS and the role of psychological problems in the development of PMS were examined. In the social section, the role and social, religious, and cultural position of women and its relationship with PMS were examined. CONCLUSION To reduce negative experiences of PMS, it is recommended that girls should be provided with necessary scientific information on puberty and premenstrual health. The results showed that paying attention to the complaint on premenstrual symptoms is significant in women's comprehensive assessment, and it plays an essential role in diagnosing psychological and physical annoying diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Zendehdel
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Forouzan Elyasi
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Uzunçakmak T, Ayaz Alkaya S. Effect of aromatherapy on coping with premenstrual syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2018; 36:63-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
17
|
Catenaccio E, Mu W, Lipton ML. Estrogen- and progesterone-mediated structural neuroplasticity in women: evidence from neuroimaging. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 221:3845-3867. [PMID: 26897178 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence that the ovarian sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which vary considerably over the course of the human female lifetime, contribute to changes in brain structure and function. This structured, quantitative literature reviews aims to summarize neuroimaging literature addressing physiological variation in brain macro- and microstructure across an array of hormonal transitions including the menstrual cycle, use of hormonal contraceptives, pregnancy, and menopause. Twenty-five studies reporting structural neuroimaging of women, addressing variation across hormonal states, were identified from a structured search of PUBMED and were systematically reviewed. Although the studies are heterogenous with regard to methodology, overall the results point to overlapping areas of hormone related effects on brain structure particularly affecting the structures of the limbic system. These findings are in keeping with functional data that point to a role for estrogen and progesterone in mediating emotional processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Catenaccio
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Weiya Mu
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Michael L Lipton
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|