1
|
Keirsebelik MSG, David MR, Pavan MG, Couto-Lima D, Palomino M, Rahman RU, Hoffmann AA, Bahia AC, Caljon G, Maciel-de-Freitas R. Dengue Virus Serotype 1 Effects on Mosquito Survival Differ among Geographically Distinct Aedes aegypti Populations. INSECTS 2024; 15:393. [PMID: 38921108 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti is distributed worldwide and is recognized as the primary vector for dengue in numerous countries. To investigate whether the fitness cost of a single DENV-1 isolate varies among populations, we selected four Ae. aegypti populations from distinct localities: Australia (AUS), Brazil (BRA), Pakistan (PAK), and Peru (PER). Utilizing simple methodologies, we concurrently assessed survival rates and fecundity. Overall, DENV-1 infection led to a significant decrease in mosquito survival rates, with the exception of the PER population. Furthermore, infected Ae. aegypti from PAK, the population with the lowest infection rate among those tested, exhibited a noteworthy reduction in egg laying. These findings collectively suggest that local mosquito-virus adaptations may influence dengue transmission in endemic settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan S G Keirsebelik
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, 1, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariana R David
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Galvão Pavan
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Dinair Couto-Lima
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Miriam Palomino
- Laboratorio de Referência Nacional de Entomologia, Centro Nacional de Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima 15072, Peru
| | - Rafi Ur Rahman
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, 3052 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ana C Bahia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Insetos e Parasitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Guy Caljon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, 1, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muharromah AF, Carvajal TM, Regilme MAF, Watanabe K. Fine-scale adaptive divergence and population genetic structure of Aedes aegypti in Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:233. [PMID: 38769579 PMCID: PMC11107013 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adaptive divergence of Aedes aegypti populations to heterogeneous environments can be a driving force behind the recent expansion of their habitat distribution and outbreaks of dengue disease in urbanized areas. In this study, we investigated the population genomics of Ae. aegypti at a regional scale in Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. METHODS We used the Pool-Seq double digestion restriction-site association DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq) approach to generate a high number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with the aim to determine local adaptation and compare the population structure with 11 microsatellite markers. A total of 217 Ae. aegypti individuals from seven female and seven male populations collected from Metropolitan Manila were used in the assays. RESULTS We detected 65,473 SNPs across the populations, of which 76 were non-neutral SNPs. Of these non-neutral SNPs, the multivariate regression test associated 50 with eight landscape variables (e.g. open space, forest, etc.) and 29 with five climate variables (e.g. air temperature, humidity, etc.) (P-value range 0.005-0.045) in female and male populations separately. Male and female populations exhibited contrasting spatial divergence, with males exhibiting greater divergence than females, most likely reflecting the different dispersal abilities of male and female mosquitoes. In the comparative analysis of the same Ae. aegypti individuals, the pairwise FST values of 11 microsatellite markers were lower than those of the neutral SNPs, indicating that the neutral SNPs generated via pool ddRAD-Seq were more sensitive in terms of detecting genetic differences between populations at fine-spatial scales. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study demonstrates the utility of pool ddRAD-Seq for examining genetic differences in Ae. aegypti populations in areas at fine-spatial scales that could inform vector control programs such as Wolbachia-infected mosquito mass-release programs. This in turn would provide information on mosquito population dispersal patterns and the potential barriers to mosquito movement within and around the release area. In addition, the potential of environmental adaptability observed in Ae. aegypti could help population control efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atikah Fitria Muharromah
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 7908577, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 7908577, Japan
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Thaddeus M Carvajal
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 7908577, Japan
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004, Manila, Philippines
| | - Maria Angenica F Regilme
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 7908577, Japan
| | - Kozo Watanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 7908577, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilk-da-Silva R, Medeiros-Sousa AR, Mucci LF, Alonso DP, Alvarez MVN, Ribolla PEM, Marrelli MT. Genetic Structuring of One of the Main Vectors of Sylvatic Yellow Fever: Haemagogus ( Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Diptera: Culicidae). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1671. [PMID: 37761811 PMCID: PMC10531017 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity and population structuring for the species Haemogogus leucocelaenus, a sylvatic vector of yellow fever virus, were found to vary with the degree of agricultural land use and isolation of fragments of Atlantic Forest in municipalities in the state of São Paulo where specimens were collected. Genotyping of 115 mitochondrial SNPs showed that the populations with the highest indices of genetic diversity (polymorphic loci and mean pairwise differences between the sequences) are found in areas with high levels of agricultural land use (northeast of the State). Most populations exhibited statistically significant negative values for the Tajima D and Fu FS neutrality tests, suggesting recent expansion. The results show an association between genetic diversity in this species and the degree of agricultural land use in the sampled sites, as well as signs of population expansion of this species in most areas, particularly those with the highest forest edge densities. A clear association between population structuring and the distance between the sampled fragments (isolation by distance) was observed: samples from a large fragment of Atlantic Forest extending along the coast of the state of São Paulo exhibited greater similarity with each other than with populations in the northwest of the state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Wilk-da-Silva
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio Ralph Medeiros-Sousa
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
| | - Luis Filipe Mucci
- State Department of Health, Pasteur Institute, São Paulo 01027-000, Brazil;
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Mauro Toledo Marrelli
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shan W, Yuan H, Chen H, Dong H, Zhou Q, Tao F, Bai J, Chen H, Ma Y, Peng H. Genetic structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) populations in China and relationship with the knockdown resistance mutations. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:46. [PMID: 37147696 PMCID: PMC10161448 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquito control is needed to prevent dengue fever, which is mainly spread by Aedes albopictus in China. Application of insecticides is one of the main mosquito control methods; however, this approach can fail due to the knockdown resistance (kdr) gene mutation that causes decreased sensitivity to insecticides in Ae. albopictus. The kdr mutation patterns among different regions in China differ significantly. However, the underlying mechanism and factors that influence kdr mutation remain unclear. To explore the potential influence of genetic background on the development of insecticide resistance in Ae. albopictus, we analyzed the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus populations in China and its correlation with major kdr mutations. METHODS We collected Ae. albopictus from 17 sites in 11 provinces (municipalities) across China from 2016 to 2021 and extracted the genomic DNA from individual adult mosquitoes. We selected eight microsatellite loci for genotyping, and based on microsatellite scores, we estimated intraspecific genetic diversity, population structure, and effective population size. The association between the intrapopulation genetic variation and F1534 mutation rate was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS Based on variation analysis of the microsatellite loci of 453 mosquitoes representing 17 populations throughout China, more than 90% of the variation occurred within individuals, whereas only about 9% of the variation occurred among populations, indicating that field populations of Ae. albopictus are highly polymorphic. The northern populations tended to belong to gene pool I (BJFT 60.4%, SXXA 58.4%, SDJN 56.1%, SXYC 46.8%), the eastern populations tended to belong to pool III (SH 49.5%, JZHZ 48.1%), and the southern populations tended to belong to three different gene pools. Moreover, we observed that the greater the fixation index (FST), the lower the wild-type frequency of F1534 of VSGC. CONCLUSIONS The degree of genetic differentiation among Ae. albopictus populations in China was low. These populations were divided into three gene pools, in which the northern and eastern pools are relatively homogeneous, while the southern gene pool is heterogeneous. The possible correlation between its genetic variations and kdr mutations is also noteworthy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Shan
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hanming Chen
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Haowei Dong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiuming Zhou
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yajun Ma
- Department of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Heng Peng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
City puzzles: Does urban land scape affect genetic population structure in Aedes aegypti? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010549. [PMID: 35793338 PMCID: PMC9292108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cities usually offer a suitable environment for the dengue vector Aedes aegypti, providing oviposition sites, accessibility to human hosts and nectar meals. However, large urban centres are highly heterogeneous environments, forming a patched landscape that could affect Ae. aegypti population dynamics and dispersal. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis using Rad-seq data from 99 Ae. aegypti specimens collected in three areas within Buenos Aires city with varying levels of urbanization/land use: highly urbanized Area 1, intermediate Area 2 and poorly urbanized Area 3. We found an inverse association between urbanization levels and spatial genetic structure. Populations from highly urbanized Area 1 did not present genetic structure whereas two and three clusters were detected in Areas 2 and 3, respectively. In the case of Area 3, initial analyses showed separation in clusters was mostly due to elevated consanguinity within sites although three clusters were still detected after closely related individuals were discarded. Mosquitoes around each site displayed a high degree of isolation, evidencing a close dependence between the vector and human dwellings. Interestingly, specimens from distant boroughs (within the limits of the city) and the city’s outskirts formed a single cluster with inner city sites (Area 1), highlighting the role of passive transport in shaping population structure. Genetic distances were poorly correlated with geographic distances in Buenos Aires, suggesting a stronger influence of passive than active dispersal on population structure. Only Area 2 displayed a significant isolation-by-distance pattern (p = 0.046), with males dispersing more than females (p = 0.004 and p = 0.016, respectively). Kinship analyses allowed us to detect full-siblings located 1.5 km apart in Area 1, which could be due to an extreme event of active female dispersal. Effective population size was higher in Area 2 confirming that cemeteries represent highly favourable environments for Ae. aegypti and need to be specifically targeted. Our results suggest that control programs should take into account urban landscape heterogeneity in order to improve vector control. Arboviral vector Aedes aegypti usually thrives in urban areas due to its close dependence of human dwellings on breeding sites and meals. However, urban landscapes are heterogeneous and present varying levels of urbanization and land use, affecting Ae. aegypti spatial structure and dispersal. We used nuclear Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms to analyze 99 Ae. aegypti specimens from three areas within the city of Buenos Aires: highly urbanized Area 1, intermediate urbanized Area 2 and poorly urbanized Area 3. We found an inverse association between urbanization levels and spatial genetic structure: mosquitoes from Area 1 did not present genetic structure. On the other hand, mosquitoes from Area 2 and 3 displayed 2 and 3 clusters, respectively. Human-mediated transport plays an important role in highly urbanized areas, connecting mosquito populations from distant locations. Potential active dispersal was detected in Area 1 where we found pairs of full-siblings located 1500m apart. In less urbanized areas, the distribution of breeding sites also affected spatial genetic structure. In Area 3, spatial structure was mostly due to consanguinity, but it also reflected the effect of urban landscape on Ae. aegypti population dynamics. Area 2 presented the highest effective population size. This could be partially explained by the advantageous conditions that cemeteries offer to vector populations which can also spill over surrounding neighbourhoods. Our results suggest that vector programs should consider the heterogeneity of urban landscapes to improve the effectiveness of control measures.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shin J, Jung J. Comparative population genetics of the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus and the native mosquito Aedes flavopictus in the Korean peninsula. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:377. [PMID: 34315478 PMCID: PMC8314453 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes mosquitoes are important invasive species contributing to the spread of chikungunya, dengue fever, yellow fever, zika virus, and other dangerous vector-borne diseases. Aedes albopictus is native to southeast Asia, with rapid expansion due to human activity, showing a wide distribution in the Korean peninsula. Aedes flavopictus is considered to be native to East Asia, with a broad distribution in the region, including the Korean peninsula. A better understanding of the genetic diversity of these species is critical for establishing strategies for disease prevention and vector control. METHODS We obtained DNA from 148 specimens of Ae. albopictus and 166 specimens of Ae. flavopictus in Korea, and amplified two mitochondrial genes (COI and ND5) to compare the genetic diversity and structure of the two species. RESULTS We obtained a 658-bp sequence of COI and a 423-bp sequence of ND5 from both mosquito species. We found low diversity and a nonsignificant population genetic structure in Ae. albopictus, and high diversity and a nonsignificant structure in Ae. flavopictus for these two mitochondrial genes. Aedes albopictus had fewer haplotypes with respect to the number of individuals, and a slight mismatch distribution was confirmed. By contrast, Ae. flavopictus had a large number of haplotypes compared with the number of individuals, and a large unimodal-type mismatch distribution was confirmed. Although the genetic structure of both species was nonsignificant, Ae. flavopictus exhibited higher genetic diversity than Ae. albopictus. CONCLUSIONS Aedes albopictus appears to be an introduced species, whereas Ae. flavopictus is endemic to the Korean peninsula, and the difference in genetic diversity between the two species is related to their adaptability and introduction history. Further studies on the genetic structure and diversity of these mosquitos will provide useful data for vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Shin
- The Division of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Jongwoo Jung
- The Division of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schlum KA, Lamour K, de Bortoli CP, Banerjee R, Meagher R, Pereira E, Murua MG, Sword GA, Tessnow AE, Viteri Dillon D, Linares Ramirez AM, Akutse KS, Schmidt-Jeffris R, Huang F, Reisig D, Emrich SJ, Jurat-Fuentes JL. Whole genome comparisons reveal panmixia among fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) from diverse locations. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:179. [PMID: 33711916 PMCID: PMC7953542 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest with long-distance migratory behavior threatening food security worldwide. This pest has a host range of > 80 plant species, but two host strains are recognized based on their association with corn (C-strain) or rice and smaller grasses (R-strain). The population genomics of the United States (USA) fall armyworm remains poorly characterized to date despite its agricultural threat. Results In this study, the population structure and genetic diversity in 55 S. frugiperda samples from Argentina, Brazil, Kenya, Puerto Rico and USA were surveyed to further our understanding of whole genome nuclear diversity. Comparisons at the genomic level suggest a panmictic S. frugiperda population, with only a minor reduction in gene flow between the two overwintering populations in the continental USA, also corresponding to distinct host strains at the mitochondrial level. Two maternal lines were detected from analysis of mitochondrial genomes. We found members from the Eastern Hemisphere interspersed within both continental USA overwintering subpopulations, suggesting multiple individuals were likely introduced to Africa. Conclusions Our research is the largest diverse collection of United States S. frugiperda whole genome sequences characterized to date, covering eight continental states and a USA territory (Puerto Rico). The genomic resources presented provide foundational information to understand gene flow at the whole genome level among S. frugiperda populations. Based on the genomic similarities found between host strains and laboratory vs. field samples, our findings validate the experimental use of laboratory strains and the host strain differentiation based on mitochondria and sex-linked genetic markers extends to minor genome wide differences with some exceptions showing mixture between host strains is likely occurring in field populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07492-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A Schlum
- Genome Science and Technology Graduate Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Kurt Lamour
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | | | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Robert Meagher
- USDA-ARS Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Eliseu Pereira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Murua
- Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, T4101XAC, Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Gregory A Sword
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ashley E Tessnow
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Diego Viteri Dillon
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Isabel Research Substation, University of Puerto Rico, Isabela, PR, 00662, USA
| | - Angela M Linares Ramirez
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Lajas Research Substation, University of Puerto Rico, Lajas, PR, 00667, USA
| | - Komivi S Akutse
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Fangneng Huang
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Dominic Reisig
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Scott J Emrich
- Genome Science and Technology Graduate Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA. .,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes
- Genome Science and Technology Graduate Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA. .,Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Aedes aegypti Subspecies across the Sahelian Belt in Sudan. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10010078. [PMID: 33477339 PMCID: PMC7830107 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the most important arboviral disease vector worldwide. In Africa, it exists as two morphologically distinct forms, often referred to as subspecies, Aaa and Aaf. There is a dearth of information on the distribution and genetic diversity of these two forms in Sudan and other African Sahelian region countries. This study aimed to explore the distribution and genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti subspecies using morphology and Cytochrome oxidase-1 mitochondrial marker in a large Sahelian zone in Sudan. An extensive cross-sectional survey of Aedes aegypti in Sudan was performed. Samples collected from eight locations were morphologically identified, subjected to DNA extraction, amplification, sequencing, and analyses. We classified four populations as Aaa and the other four as Aaf. Out of 140 sequence samples, forty-six distinct haplotypes were characterized. The haplotype and nucleotide diversity of the collected samples were 0.377–0.947 and 0.002–0.01, respectively. Isolation by distance was significantly evident (r = 0.586, p = 0.005). The SAMOVA test indicated that all Aaf populations are structured in one group, while the Aaa clustered into two groups. AMOVA showed 53.53% genetic differences within populations and 39.22% among groups. Phylogenetic relationships indicated two clusters in which the two subspecies were structured. Thus, the haplotype network consisted of three clusters.
Collapse
|
9
|
Santos LMB, Mutsaers M, Garcia GA, David MR, Pavan MG, Petersen MT, Corrêa-Antônio J, Couto-Lima D, Maes L, Dowell F, Lord A, Sikulu-Lord M, Maciel-de-Freitas R. High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance. Commun Biol 2021; 4:67. [PMID: 33452445 PMCID: PMC7810739 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deployment of Wolbachia to mitigate dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) transmission is ongoing in 12 countries. One way to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia releases is to determine invasion rates within the wild population of Aedes aegypti following their release. Herein we evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in estimating the time post death, ZIKV-, CHIKV-, and Wolbachia-infection in trapped dead female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes over a period of 7 days. Regardless of the infection type, time post-death of mosquitoes was accurately predicted into four categories (fresh, 1 day old, 2–4 days old and 5–7 days old). Overall accuracies of 93.2, 97 and 90.3% were observed when NIRS was used to detect ZIKV, CHIKV and Wolbachia in dead Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes indicating NIRS could be potentially applied as a rapid and cost-effective arbovirus surveillance tool. However, field data is required to demonstrate the full capacity of NIRS for detecting these infections under field conditions. Santos et al. demonstrate that the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) can accurately estimate the death time of trapped female Aedes aegypti and vector infection with Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, or Wolbachia in a 7-day trapping period. This study suggests that NIRS may provide an accurate and inexpensive tool that improves arbovirus surveillance systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilha M B Santos
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mathijs Mutsaers
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.,Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gabriela A Garcia
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mariana R David
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Márcio G Pavan
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Martha T Petersen
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Jessica Corrêa-Antônio
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Dinair Couto-Lima
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Floyd Dowell
- USDA-ARS, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Anton Lord
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Maggy Sikulu-Lord
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maffey L, Garzón MJ, Confalonieri V, Chanampa MM, Hasson E, Schweigmann N. Genome-Wide Screening of Aedes aegypti (Culicidae: Diptera) Populations From Northwestern Argentina: Active and Passive Dispersal Shape Genetic Structure. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1930-1941. [PMID: 32692366 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arboviruses of great impact on human health. Our goal was to assess the spatial genetic structure of Ae. aegypti at the regional and local levels in Northwestern Argentina, an area with high prevalence of dengue fever. We analyzed 59 Ae. aegypti individuals collected from six locations in Northwestern Argentina using nuclear genome-wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) generated with double digest Restriction-site Associated DNA Sequencing. We also performed an entomological survey in 70 households in the cities of Orán and Tartagal. An analysis at the regional level indicated that the populations of Ae. aegypti in Northwestern Argentina are spatially structured and present a significant IBD pattern. Our results suggest that passive transport of eggs/immature stages, in both northward and southward directions, plays an important role in structuring Ae. aegypti populations at a regional scale and also as a source for the introduction of novel genetic variants through migration events into established populations. At a local level, we found neither spatial genetic structure nor significant isolation by distance (IBD) in Tartagal, indicating high gene flow within the city and active dispersal. In contrast, samples from Orán formed two clusters with a significant IBD pattern, although weaker than that at a regional level. Both populations showed signs of recent bottleneck events, probably coincident with past eradication campaigns. The entomological survey revealed a high prevalence of Ae. aegypti in both cities, although significantly higher in Tartagal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Maffey
- Grupo de Estudio de Mosquitos, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (DEGE-UBA) / Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano J Garzón
- Grupo de Estudio de Mosquitos, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (DEGE-UBA) / Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Confalonieri
- Grupo de Investigación en Filogenias y Filogeografía, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (DEGE-UBA) / Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana M Chanampa
- Instituto de Investigación en Energía No Convencional (INENCO/CONICET Unidad Salud y ambiente), Salta, Argentina
| | - Esteban Hasson
- Laboratorio de Evolución, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (DEGE-UBA) / Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Schweigmann
- Grupo de Estudio de Mosquitos, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (DEGE-UBA) / Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Perry KD, Keller MA, Baxter SW. Genome-wide analysis of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., from Brassica crops and wild host plants reveals no genetic structure in Australia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12047. [PMID: 32694639 PMCID: PMC7374630 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular studies of population structure can reveal insight into the movement patterns of mobile insect pests in agricultural landscapes. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., a destructive pest of Brassica vegetable and oilseed crops worldwide, seasonally colonizes winter canola crops in southern Australia from alternative host plant sources. To investigate movement, we collected 59 P. xylostella populations from canola crops, Brassica vegetable and forage crops and brassicaceous wild host plants throughout southern Australia in 2014 and 2015 and genotyped 833 individuals using RAD-seq for genome-wide analysis. Despite a geographic sampling scale > 3,000 km and a statistically powerful set of 1,032 SNP markers, there was no genetic differentiation among P. xylostella populations irrespective of geographic location, host plant or sampling year, and no evidence for isolation-by-distance. Hierarchical STRUCTURE analysis at K = 2–5 showed nearly uniform ancestry in both years. Cluster analysis showed divergence of a small number of individuals at several locations, possibly reflecting an artefact of sampling related individuals. It is likely that genetic homogeneity within Australian P. xylostella largely reflects the recent colonization history of this species but is maintained through some level of present gene flow. Use of genome-wide neutral markers was uninformative for revealing the seasonal movements of P. xylostella within Australia, but may provide more insight in other global regions where the species has higher genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kym D Perry
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia. .,Entomology Unit, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.
| | - Michael A Keller
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Simon W Baxter
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ayala AM, Vera NS, Chiappero MB, Almirón WR, Gardenal CN. Urban Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Central Argentina: Dispersal Patterns Assessed by Bayesian and Multivariate Methods. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1069-1076. [PMID: 32053724 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.), the main vector of dengue and other arboviruses, was declared eradicated from Argentina in 1964; however, in 1987, it was detected again and nowadays it occurs in most of the country territory. To understand the transmission of vector-borne diseases, knowledge of the dispersal of vector populations is essential to evaluate the risk of pathogen transmission. We conducted a population genetic analysis of Ae. aegypti in 20 neighborhoods from Córdoba, the second largest city in Argentina, using 10 microsatellite loci. High genetic differentiation and the absence of an isolation by distance pattern was found using Weir and Cockerham's θ. Bayesian and multivariate clustering analyses showed that the studied sites included individuals with high membership coefficients (Q) in their populations, individuals with membership in another cluster, and admixed individuals. Individuals with high Q in clusters different from the population in which they were collected strongly suggests that passive transport is important in shaping the Ae. aegypti dispersal pattern in Córdoba city. Knowing the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations and their dispersal patterns would contribute to the implementation of vector control programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Ayala
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia Soledad Vera
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marina Beatriz Chiappero
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Walter Ricardo Almirón
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (CIEC-IIByT), CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cristina Noemí Gardenal
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fahmy NT, Osman A, Badr MS, Morcos N, Diclaro JW, Abd-ElSamie EM. Deciphering pyrethroid resistance in Cx. pipiens (L): Implications of cytochrome P450; expression profiling and regulatory microRNA. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101579. [PMID: 32339604 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the extensive use of pyrethroids insecticides for vector control has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance. Cytochrome P450 has been recognized to play a critical role in the metabolic detoxification of insecticides. In the current study, Culex pipiens mosquitoes were collected from Giza Governorate in Egypt and tested for insecticide susceptibility against deltamethrin. First detection of Knockdown resistance gene (Kdr) mutations in field collected mosquitoes was performed. Activities of cytochrome oxidase P450 detoxification enzyme that synchronized with the resistance development, was assessed. Expression profiles of cytochrome P450s and their putative corresponding regulating miRNAs, which was previously reported in Cx. pipiens pallens were evaluated in pyrethroid resistant field-collected Cx. pipiens using RT-qPCR and stem-loop RT-qPCR, respectively. Specific stem-loop reverse transcription primers and forward primers were designed for miRNAs profiling. Our results elucidated the pyrethroid resistance development and revealed its relation to the metabolic and target site modification mechanisms with a first report of L1014F-kdr mutation detection. RT-qPCR results have showed an up-regulation in the expression of the studied P450 transcripts. Negative correlations were found between the expression of P450s and their regulatory miRNAs except for CYP9J35, where positive correlation was found with its corresponding miR-13. Interestingly, our data was the first to detect negative correlation between miR-285 and its putative CYP6Cp1 target gene. These findings highlighted the significance of identifying P450 gene along with regulatory miRNAs as a key mechanism implicated in pyrethroid resistance in field Culex vector population. The elucidation of this mechanism would shed light on the development of insecticide resistance and would help in shaping strategies to combat such vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Egypt Japan University of Science Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Badr
- Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nadia Morcos
- Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Emtithal M Abd-ElSamie
- Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo J, Xu Y, Yang X, Sun X, Sun Y, Zhou D, Ma L, Shen B, Zhu C. TRE1 and CHS1 contribute to deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 100:e21538. [PMID: 30784111 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular resistance, characterized by decreased epidermal penetration, has been reported on highly pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. In this study, we examined the role of genes in the chitin biosynthetic pathway in the context of deltamethrin-resistant (DR) Culex pipiens pallens. We found that expression of the trehalase (TRE1) gene and chitin synthase (CHS1) gene was upregulated 1.65- and 1.75-fold with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively, in the DR strain as compared with the deltamethrin-susceptible (DS) strain. Examination of chitin content in DR and DS pupae showed an increased amount of chitin in DR pupae. To further establish the role of TRE1 and CHS1 in deltamethrin resistance, we injected mosquitoes with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for knockdown of TRE1 or CHS1 expression. The mortality rates of DR mosquitoes exposed to insecticides increased 17% and 26% after siTRE1 and siCHS1 injection, respectively. The siRNA treatment against TRE1 resulted in decreased expression of the downstream gene CHS1. Together, our findings support a role of TRE1 and CHS1 in the regulation of pyrethroid resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juxin Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Shanxi Medical University Jinci College, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoshan Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changliang Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
da Silveira ID, Petersen MT, Sylvestre G, Garcia GA, David MR, Pavan MG, Maciel-de-Freitas R. Zika Virus Infection Produces a Reduction on Aedes aegypti Lifespan but No Effects on Mosquito Fecundity and Oviposition Success. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3011. [PMID: 30619118 PMCID: PMC6305470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic started soon after the first autochthonous cases in Latin America. Although Aedes aegypti is pointed as the primary vector in Latin America, little is known about the fitness cost due to ZIKV infection. We investigated the effects of ZIKV infection on the life-history traits of Ae. aegypti females collected in three districts of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Barra, Deodoro, and Porto), equidistant ~25 km each other. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were classified into infected (a single oral challenge with ZIKV) and superinfected (two ZIKV-infected blood meals spaced by 7 days each other). ZIKV infection reduced Ae. aegypti survival in two of the three populations tested, and superinfection produced a sharper increase in mortality in one of those populations. We hypothesized higher mortality with the presence of more ZIKV copies in Ae. aegypti females from Porto. The number of eggs laid per clutch was statistically similar between vector populations and infected and uninfected mosquitoes. Infection by ZIKV not affected female oviposition success. ZIKV infection impacted Ae. aegypti vectorial capacity by reducing its lifespan, although female fecundity remained unaltered. The outcome of these findings to disease transmission intensity still needs further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Dias da Silveira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martha Thieme Petersen
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sylvestre
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Azambuja Garcia
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rocha David
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcio Galvão Pavan
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Levels of Resistance to Pyrethroid among Distinct kdr Alleles in Aedes aegypti Laboratory Lines and Frequency of kdr Alleles in 27 Natural Populations from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2410819. [PMID: 30112367 PMCID: PMC6077680 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2410819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Several mutations in voltage gated sodium channel (NaV) have been identified in Aedes aegypti populations worldwide. However, only few are related to knockdown resistance to pyrethroids, most of which with variations in the 1016 and 1534 NaV sites. In Brazil, at least two NaV alleles are known: NaVR1, with a substitution in the 1534 (1016 Val+ + 1534 Ilekdr) and NaVR2, with substitutions in both 1016 and sites (1016Ilekdr + 1534Cyskdr). There is also the duplication in the NaV gene, with one copy carrying the substitution Ile1011Met, although its effects on pyrethroid resistance remain to be clarified. Our goals in this study were (1) to determine the role of each kdr NaV allele and the duplication on pyrethroid resistance and (2) to screen the frequency of the kdr alleles in 27 several natural Ae. aegypti populations from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. Methods Pyrethroid resistance was evaluated by a knockdown time (KdT) assay, an adaptation of the WHO test tubes with paper impregnated with deltamethrin. We used laboratory-selected Ae. aegypti lineages: R1R1 and R2R2 (homozygous for the kdr NaVR1 and NaVR2 alleles, respectively), Dup (with duplication in the NaV gene), Rockefeller (the susceptibility reference control), and F1 hybrids among them. Genotyping of both 1016 and 1534 NaV sites was performed in 811 Ae. aegypti sampled from 27 localities from Rio de Janeiro (17), Niterói (6) and Nova Iguaçu (4) cities, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with a TaqMan real time PCR approach. Results The laboratory lineages R1R1, R2R2, and R1R2 were the only ones that needed more than 60 minutes to knock down all the insects exposed to the pyrethroid, being the KdT R2R2 > R1R2 > R1R1, corroborating the recessive nature of the kdr mutations. Frequency of kdr alleles NaVR1 and NaVR2 in field-caught mosquitoes varied from 0 to 52% and 43 to 86%, respectively, evidencing high levels of “resistant genotypes” (R1R1, R1R2, and R2R2), which together summed 60 to 100% in Ae. aegypti populations from Rio de Janeiro. Conclusions The NaVR1 and NaVR2 kdr alleles confer resistance to the pyrethroid deltamethrin in homozygotes and R1R2 heterozygotes, being the R2R2 most resistant genotype. The allele containing duplication in the NaV gene, with a mutation in the 1011 site, did not confer resistance under the tested conditions. The frequencies of the “resistant genotypes” are elevated in Ae. aegypti natural populations from Rio de Janeiro.
Collapse
|
17
|
Silva-Brandão KL, Peruchi A, Seraphim N, Murad NF, Carvalho RA, Farias JR, Omoto C, Cônsoli FL, Figueira A, Brandão MM. Loci under selection and markers associated with host plant and host-related strains shape the genetic structure of Brazilian populations of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197378. [PMID: 29787608 PMCID: PMC5963752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We applied the ddRAD genotyping-by-sequencing technique to investigate the genetic distinctiveness of Brazilian populations of the noctuid moth Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm (FAW), and the role of host-plant association as a source of genetic diversification. By strain-genotyping all field-collected individuals we found that populations collected from corn were composed primarily of corn-strain individuals, while the population collected from rice was composed almost entirely of rice-strain individuals. Outlier analyses indicated 1,184 loci putatively under selection (ca. 15% of the total) related to 194 different Gene Ontologies (GOs); the most numerous GOs were nucleotide binding, ATP binding, metal-ion binding and nucleic-acid binding. The association analyses indicated 326 loci associated with the host plant, and 216 loci associated with the individual strain, including functions related to Bacillus thuringiensis and insecticide resistance. The genetic-structure analyses indicated a moderate level of differentiation among all populations, and lower genetic structure among populations collected exclusively from corn, which suggests that the population collected from rice has a strong influence on the overall genetic structure. Populations of S. frugiperda are structured partially due to the host plant, and pairs of populations using the same host plant are more genetically similar than pairs using different hosts. Loci putatively under selection are the main factors responsible for the genetic structure of these populations, which indicates that adaptive selection on important traits, including the response to control tactics, is acting in the genetic differentiation of FAW populations in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Lucas Silva-Brandão
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus "Luiz de Queiroz", Laboratório de Melhoramento de Plantas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Aline Peruchi
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus "Luiz de Queiroz", Laboratório de Melhoramento de Plantas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Noemy Seraphim
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, campus Campinas CTI Renato Archer, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Faraj Murad
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Ricardo Farias
- Instituto Phytus, Departamento de Entomologia, Rua Duque de Caxias, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Celso Omoto
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luis Cônsoli
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Figueira
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus "Luiz de Queiroz", Laboratório de Melhoramento de Plantas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Mendes Brandão
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Souto-Maior C, Sylvestre G, Braga Stehling Dias F, Gomes MGM, Maciel-de-Freitas R. Model-based inference from multiple dose, time course data reveals Wolbachia effects on infection profiles of type 1 dengue virus in Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006339. [PMID: 29558464 PMCID: PMC5877886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is a complex and dynamic process involving a population of invading microbes, the host and its responses, aimed at controlling the situation. Depending on the purpose and level of organization, infection at the organism level can be described by a process as simple as a coin toss, or as complex as a multi-factorial dynamic model; the former, for instance, may be adequate as a component of a population model, while the latter is necessary for a thorough description of the process beginning with a challenge with an infectious inoculum up to establishment or elimination of the pathogen. Experimental readouts in the laboratory are often static, snapshots of the process, assayed under some convenient experimental condition, and therefore cannot comprehensively describe the system. Different from the discrete treatment of infection in population models, or the descriptive summarized accounts of typical lab experiments, in this manuscript, infection is treated as a dynamic process dependent on the initial conditions of the infectious challenge, viral growth, and the host response along time. Here, experimental data is generated for multiple doses of type 1 dengue virus, and pathogen levels are recorded at different points in time for two populations of mosquitoes: either carrying endosymbiont bacteria Wolbachia or not. A dynamic microbe/host-response mathematical model is used to describe pathogen growth in the face of a host response like the immune system, and to infer model parameters for the two populations of insects, revealing a slight—but potentially important—protection conferred by the symbiont. Infection is usually assayed as a static observation of a pathogen within a host; it is, nevertheless, a dynamic process that cannot be described from a single time point and arbitrary conditions. Results based on the usual methods are a snapshot of a convenient laboratory condition; a more comprehensive data set is required to describe the entire process of infection from inoculation of the host with a microorganism to establishment of a systemic infection, or elimination of the threat by the host. We design an experiment that takes into account increasing pathogen challenges to a mosquito host and viral levels along time; we use a dynamic mathematical model to analyze the resulting data set. The entire framework is used to compare susceptibility to dengue virus of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes either carrying the Wolbachia symbiont or not. Instead of a simple pairwise comparison, we are able to compare infection profiles and parameters associated to host immune processes in this insect-symbiont-virus system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Sylvestre
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - M. Gabriela M. Gomes
- CIBIO-InBIo, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM)/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fontaine A, Filipovic I, Fansiri T, Hoffmann AA, Cheng C, Kirkpatrick M, Rašic G, Lambrechts L. Extensive Genetic Differentiation between Homomorphic Sex Chromosomes in the Mosquito Vector, Aedes aegypti. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 9:2322-2335. [PMID: 28945882 PMCID: PMC5737474 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of sex-determination systems are of particular interest in insect vectors of human pathogens like mosquitoes because novel control strategies aim to convert pathogen-transmitting females into nonbiting males, or rely on accurate sexing for the release of sterile males. In Aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue and Zika viruses, sex determination is governed by a dominant male-determining locus, previously thought to reside within a small, nonrecombining, sex-determining region (SDR) of an otherwise homomorphic sex chromosome. Here, we provide evidence that sex chromosomes in Ae. aegypti are genetically differentiated between males and females over a region much larger than the SDR. Our linkage mapping intercrosses failed to detect recombination between X and Y chromosomes over a 123-Mbp region (40% of their physical length) containing the SDR. This region of reduced male recombination overlapped with a smaller 63-Mbp region (20% of the physical length of the sex chromosomes) displaying high male–female genetic differentiation in unrelated wild populations from Brazil and Australia and in a reference laboratory strain originating from Africa. In addition, the sex-differentiated genomic region was associated with a significant excess of male-to-female heterozygosity and contained a small cluster of loci consistent with Y-specific null alleles. We demonstrate that genetic differentiation between sex chromosomes is sufficient to assign individuals to their correct sex with high accuracy. We also show how data on allele frequency differences between sexes can be used to estimate linkage disequilibrium between loci and the sex-determining locus. Our discovery of large-scale genetic differentiation between sex chromosomes in Ae. aegypti lays a new foundation for mapping and population genomic studies, as well as for mosquito control strategies targeting the sex-determination pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albin Fontaine
- Department of Genomes and Genetics, Insect-Virus Interactions Group, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Unité de Parasitologie et Entomologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, URA 3012, Paris, France.,Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, France
| | - Igor Filipovic
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thanyalak Fansiri
- Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Changde Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin
| | | | - Gordana Rašic
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Department of Genomes and Genetics, Insect-Virus Interactions Group, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, URA 3012, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ritchie SA, van den Hurk AF, Smout MJ, Staunton KM, Hoffmann AA. Mission Accomplished? We Need a Guide to the 'Post Release' World of Wolbachia for Aedes-borne Disease Control. Trends Parasitol 2018; 34:217-226. [PMID: 29396201 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Historically, sustained control of Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses, has been largely ineffective. Subsequently, two novel 'rear and release' control strategies utilizing mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia are currently being developed and deployed widely. In the incompatible insect technique, male Aedes mosquitoes, infected with Wolbachia, suppress populations through unproductive mating. In the transinfection strategy, both male and female Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes rapidly infect the wild population with Wolbachia, blocking virus transmission. It is critical to monitor the long-term stability of Wolbachia in host populations, and also the ability of this bacterium to continually inhibit virus transmission. Ongoing release and monitoring programs must be future-proofed should political support weaken when these vectors are successfully controlled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Ritchie
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia.
| | - Andrew F van den Hurk
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Queensland Government, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Michael J Smout
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Kyran M Staunton
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fine-scale landscape genomics helps explain the slow spatial spread of Wolbachia through the Aedes aegypti population in Cairns, Australia. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 120:386-395. [PMID: 29358725 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-017-0039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia suppresses the capacity for arbovirus transmission in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, and can spread spatially through wild mosquito populations following local introductions. Recent introductions in Cairns, Australia have demonstrated slower than expected spatial spread. Potential reasons for this include: (i) barriers to Ae. aegypti dispersal; (ii) higher incidence of long-range dispersal; and (iii) intergenerational loss of Wolbachia. We investigated these three potential factors using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and an assay for the Wolbachia infection wMel in 161 Ae. aegypti collected from Cairns in 2015. We detected a small but significant barrier effect of Cairns highways on Ae. aegypti dispersal using distance-based redundancy analysis and patch-based simulation analysis. We detected a pair of putative full-siblings in ovitraps 1312 m apart, indicating long-distance female movement likely mediated by human transport. We also found a pair of full-siblings of different infection status, indicating intergenerational loss of Wolbachia in the field. These three factors are all expected to contribute to the slow spread of Wolbachia through Ae. aegypti populations, though from our results it is unclear whether Wolbachia loss and long-distance movement are sufficiently common to reduce the speed of spatial spread appreciably. Our findings inform the strategic deployment of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes during releases, and show how parameter estimates from laboratory studies may differ from those estimated using field data. Our landscape genomics approach can be extended to other host/symbiont systems that are being considered for biocontrol.
Collapse
|
22
|
Schmidt TL, Rašić G, Zhang D, Zheng X, Xi Z, Hoffmann AA. Genome-wide SNPs reveal the drivers of gene flow in an urban population of the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006009. [PMID: 29045401 PMCID: PMC5662242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive disease vector with an expanding worldwide distribution. Genetic assays using low to medium resolution markers have found little evidence of spatial genetic structure even at broad geographic scales, suggesting frequent passive movement along human transportation networks. Here we analysed genetic structure of Aedes albopictus collected from 12 sample sites in Guangzhou, China, using thousands of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We found evidence for passive gene flow, with distance from shipping terminals being the strongest predictor of genetic distance among mosquitoes. As further evidence of passive dispersal, we found multiple pairs of full-siblings distributed between two sample sites 3.7 km apart. After accounting for geographical variability, we also found evidence for isolation by distance, previously undetectable in Ae. albopictus. These findings demonstrate how large SNP datasets and spatially-explicit hypothesis testing can be used to decipher processes at finer geographic scales than formerly possible. Our approach can be used to help predict new invasion pathways of Ae. albopictus and to refine strategies for vector control that involve the transformation or suppression of mosquito populations. Aedes albopictus, the Asian Tiger Mosquito, is a highly invasive disease vector with a growing global distribution. Designing strategies to prevent invasion and to control Ae. albopictus populations in invaded regions requires knowledge of how Ae. albopictus disperses. Studies comparing Ae. albopictus populations have found little evidence of genetic structure even between distant populations, suggesting that dispersal along human transportation networks is common. However, a more specific understanding of dispersal processes has been unavailable due to an absence of studies using high-resolution genetic markers. Here we present a study using high-resolution markers, which investigates genetic structure among 152 Ae. albopictus from Guangzhou, China. We found that human transportation networks, particularly shipping terminals, had an influence on genetic structure. We also found genetic distance was correlated with geographical distance, the first such observation in this species. This study demonstrates how high-resolution markers can be used to investigate ecological processes that may otherwise escape detection. We conclude that strategies for controlling Ae. albopictus will have to consider both passive reinvasion along human transportation networks and active reinvasion from neighbouring regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Schmidt
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gordana Rašić
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dongjing Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Xi
- Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
de Oliveira S, Villela DAM, Dias FBS, Moreira LA, Maciel de Freitas R. How does competition among wild type mosquitoes influence the performance of Aedes aegypti and dissemination of Wolbachia pipientis? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005947. [PMID: 28991902 PMCID: PMC5648260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolbachia has been deployed in several countries to reduce transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. During releases, Wolbachia-infected females are likely to lay their eggs in local available breeding sites, which might already be colonized by local Aedes sp. mosquitoes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to estimate the deleterious effects of intra and interspecific larval competition on mosquito life history traits, especially on the duration of larval development time, larval mortality and adult size. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Three different mosquito populations were used: Ae. aegypti infected with Wolbachia (wMelBr strain), wild Ae. aegypti and wild Ae. albopictus. A total of 21 treatments explored intra and interspecific larval competition with varying larval densities, species proportions and food levels. Each treatment had eight replicates with two distinct food levels: 0.25 or 0.50 g of Chitosan and fallen avocado leaves. Overall, overcrowding reduced fitness correlates of the three populations. Ae. albopictus larvae presented lower larval mortality, shorter development time to adult and smaller wing sizes than Ae. aegypti. The presence of Wolbachia had a slight positive effect on larval biology, since infected individuals had higher survivorship than uninfected Ae. aegypti larvae. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE In all treatments, Ae. albopictus outperformed both wild Ae. aegypti and the Wolbachia-infected group in larval competition, irrespective of larval density and the amount of food resources. The major force that can slow down Wolbachia invasion is the population density of wild mosquitoes. Given that Ae. aegypti currently dominates in Rio, in comparison with Ae. albopictus frequency, additional attention must be given to the population density of Ae. aegypti during releases to increase the likelihood of Wolbachia invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suellen de Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz-RJ, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciano Andrade Moreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz-MG, Instituto René Rachou, Mosquitos vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Maciel de Freitas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz-RJ, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cuticle genes CpCPR63 and CpCPR47 may confer resistance to deltamethrin in Culex pipiens pallens. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2175-2179. [PMID: 28608057 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5521-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cuticular proteins (CPs) are implicated in insecticide resistance in mosquito populations. Here, we investigated the role of cuticular genes in regulation of insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. We identified two CpCPRs (CpCPR63 and CpCPR47) that exhibited higher transcript levels in pyrethroid-resistant strains than in susceptible strains. Mosquito mortality was increased after knockdown of CpCPR genes by dsRNA injection. The RNA interference experiment suggested an interaction between CpCPR63 and CpCPR47, as silencing of one gene resulted in decreased expression of the other. These findings revealed that CpCPRs may regulate pyrethroid resistance and could be used as a potential genetic marker to monitor pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes.
Collapse
|
25
|
Rašić G, Filipović I, Callahan AG, Stanford D, Chan A, Lam-Phua SG, Tan CH, Hoffmann AA. The queenslandensis and the type Form of the Dengue Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti L.) Are Genomically Indistinguishable. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005096. [PMID: 27806047 PMCID: PMC5091912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) is a major vector of viral diseases like dengue fever, Zika and chikungunya. Aedes aegypti exhibits high morphological and behavioral variation, some of which is thought to be of epidemiological significance. Globally distributed domestic Ae. aegypti have often been grouped into (i) the very pale variety queenslandensis and (ii) the type form. Because the two color forms co-occur across most of their range, there is interest in understanding how freely they interbreed. This knowledge is particularly important for control strategies that rely on mating compatibilities between the release and target mosquitoes, such as Wolbachia releases and SIT. To address this question, we analyzed nuclear and mitochondrial genome-wide variation in the co-occurring pale and type Ae. aegypti from northern Queensland (Australia) and Singapore. METHODS/FINDINGS We typed 74 individuals at a 1170 bp-long mitochondrial sequence and at 16,569 nuclear SNPs using a customized double-digest RAD sequencing. 11/29 genotyped individuals from Singapore and 11/45 from Queensland were identified as var. queenslandensis based on the diagnostic scaling patterns. We found 24 different mitochondrial haplotypes, seven of which were shared between the two forms. Multivariate genetic clustering based on nuclear SNPs corresponded to individuals' geographic location, not their color. Several family groups consisted of both forms and three queenslandensis individuals were Wolbachia infected, indicating previous breeding with the type form which has been used to introduce Wolbachia into Ae. aegypti populations. CONCLUSION Aedes aegypti queenslandensis are genomically indistinguishable from the type form, which points to these forms freely interbreeding at least in Australia and Singapore. Based on our findings, it is unlikely that the presence of very pale Ae. aegypti will affect the success of Aedes control programs based on Wolbachia-infected, sterile or RIDL mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Rašić
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Igor Filipović
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ashley G. Callahan
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Darren Stanford
- Institute of Vector Borne Disease, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Abigail Chan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Environment Building, Singapore
| | - Sai Gek Lam-Phua
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Environment Building, Singapore
| | - Cheong Huat Tan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Environment Building, Singapore
| | - Ary Anthony Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu B, Tian M, Guo Q, Ma L, Zhou D, Shen B, Sun Y, Zhu C. MiR-932 Regulates Pyrethroid Resistance in Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 53:1205-1210. [PMID: 27313166 PMCID: PMC5013817 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play notable role in regulation of gene expression at the posttranscription level, and have been involved in many biological processes, including insecticide resistance. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-932 in the molecular mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens pallens (L.). Overexpression of miR-932 in the DS-strain made the mosquitoes more resistant to deltamethrin, while inhibiting the expression of miR-932 in the DR-strain made the mosquitoes more sensitive to deltamethrin. Further, we also identified CpCPR5 as a target gene of miR-932. Sustained overexpression of miR-932 resulted in repression of CpCPR5, and that knockdown of miR-932 increased CpCPR5 expression. In addition, knockdown of CpCPR5 decreased the sensitivity of mosquitoes to deltamethrin in the DS-strain. In conclusion, our study finds a molecular link between miR-932 and CpCPR5 and provides a novel insight into the mechanism of insecticide resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Mengmeng Tian
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Qin Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Changliang Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China (; ; ; ; ; ; ; )
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dolabella SS, Santos RLC, Silva MCN, Steffler LM, Ribolla PEM, Cavalcanti SCH, Jain S, Martins AJ. Detection and Distribution of V1016Ikdr Mutation in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations From Sergipe State, Northeast Brazil. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 53:967-971. [PMID: 27113110 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.) resistance to pyrethroids was recorded in Brazil few years after its introduction as the adulticide in the National Dengue Control Program campaigns. Altered susceptibility to pyrethroids had been reported in the state of Sergipe, northeast Brazil, through biological assays, even before its use against Ae. aegypti in the state. Metabolic and target-site resistance mechanisms were also revealed in samples from Aracaju, the capital of Sergipe. Herein, we investigated the presence and distribution of the kdr mutation V1016Ikdr in Ae. aegypti populations from different municipalities of the state. Aedes aegypti eggs were collected from seven municipalities located in areas showing different climatic types and infestation levels. Approximately 20 Ae. aegypti females from each municipality (total of 135 subjects) were individually submitted to allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) for the 1016 site of the voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV). The V1016Ikdr mutation was found in subjects from all the municipalities under study with a high frequency of heterozygotes in several locations. Homozygous recessive subjects (resistant kdr genotype) were found only in one municipality. The results suggest a wide distribution of the V1016Ikdr mutation in the northeast Brazil, which indicates urgent need for monitoring the effectiveness of the pyrethroids currently used for vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Dolabella
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; ),
| | - R L C Santos
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; )
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; )
| | - M C N Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; )
| | - L M Steffler
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; )
| | - P E M Ribolla
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S C H Cavalcanti
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil , and
| | - S Jain
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil (; ; ; ; )
| | - A J Martins
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, IOC - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Population genetics of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, an invasive vector of human diseases. Heredity (Edinb) 2016; 117:125-34. [PMID: 27273325 PMCID: PMC4981682 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2016.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is currently one of the most threatening invasive species in the world. Native to Southeast Asia, the species has spread throughout the world in the past 30 years and is now present in every continent but Antarctica. Because it was the main vector of recent Dengue and Chikungunya outbreaks, and because of its competency for numerous other viruses and pathogens such as the Zika virus, A. albopictus stands out as a model species for invasive diseases vector studies. A synthesis of the current knowledge about the genetic diversity of A. albopictus is needed, knowing the interplays between the vector, the pathogens, the environment and their epidemiological consequences. Such resources are also valuable for assessing the role of genetic diversity in the invasive success. We review here the large but sometimes dispersed literature about the population genetics of A. albopictus. We first debate about the experimental design of these studies and present an up-to-date assessment of the available molecular markers. We then summarize the main genetic characteristics of natural populations and synthesize the available data regarding the worldwide structuring of the vector. Finally, we pinpoint the gaps that remain to be addressed and suggest possible research directions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Rašić G, Endersby-Harshman N, Tantowijoyo W, Goundar A, White V, Yang Q, Filipović I, Johnson P, Hoffmann AA, Arguni E. Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:610. [PMID: 26627473 PMCID: PMC4666043 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever, the most prevalent global arboviral disease, represents an important public health problem in Indonesia. Control of dengue relies on the control of its main vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti, yet nothing is known about the population history and genetic structure of this insect in Indonesia. Our aim was to assess the spatio-temporal population genetic structure of Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta, a densely populated region on Java with common dengue outbreaks. METHODS We used multiple marker systems (microsatellites, nuclear and mitochondrial genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms generated via Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing) to analyze 979 Ae. aegypti individuals collected from the Yogyakarta city and the surrounding hamlets during the wet season in 2011 and the following dry season in 2012. We employed individual- and group-based approaches for inferring genetic structure. RESULTS We found that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations. The spatial structuring was significant for the nuclear and mitochondrial markers, while the temporal structuring was non-significant. Nuclear markers identified three main genetic clusters, showing that hamlets have greater genetic isolation from each other and from the inner city sites. However, one hamlet experienced unrestricted mosquito interbreeding with the inner city, forming a single genetic cluster. Genetic distance was poorly correlated with the spatial distance among mosquito samples, suggesting stronger influence of human-assisted gene flow than active mosquito movement on spatial genetic structure. A star-shaped mitochondrial haplotype network and a significant R(2) test statistic (R(2) = 0.0187, P = 0.001) support the hypothesis that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta originated from a small or homogeneous source and has undergone a relatively recent demographic expansion. CONCLUSION We report the first insights into the spatio-temporal genetic structure and the underlying processes in the dengue fever mosquito from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Our results provide valuable information on the effectiveness of local control measures as well as guidelines for the implementation of novel biocontrol strategies such as release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Rašić
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Nancy Endersby-Harshman
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Warsito Tantowijoyo
- Eliminate Dengue Project-Yogyakarta, Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Anjali Goundar
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Vanessa White
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Qiong Yang
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Igor Filipović
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Petrina Johnson
- Eliminate Dengue Project, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Eggi Arguni
- Eliminate Dengue Project-Yogyakarta, Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| |
Collapse
|