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Wilk-da-Silva R, Medeiros-Sousa AR, Mucci LF, Alonso DP, Alvarez MVN, Ribolla PEM, Marrelli MT. Genetic Structuring of One of the Main Vectors of Sylvatic Yellow Fever: Haemagogus ( Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Diptera: Culicidae). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1671. [PMID: 37761811 PMCID: PMC10531017 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity and population structuring for the species Haemogogus leucocelaenus, a sylvatic vector of yellow fever virus, were found to vary with the degree of agricultural land use and isolation of fragments of Atlantic Forest in municipalities in the state of São Paulo where specimens were collected. Genotyping of 115 mitochondrial SNPs showed that the populations with the highest indices of genetic diversity (polymorphic loci and mean pairwise differences between the sequences) are found in areas with high levels of agricultural land use (northeast of the State). Most populations exhibited statistically significant negative values for the Tajima D and Fu FS neutrality tests, suggesting recent expansion. The results show an association between genetic diversity in this species and the degree of agricultural land use in the sampled sites, as well as signs of population expansion of this species in most areas, particularly those with the highest forest edge densities. A clear association between population structuring and the distance between the sampled fragments (isolation by distance) was observed: samples from a large fragment of Atlantic Forest extending along the coast of the state of São Paulo exhibited greater similarity with each other than with populations in the northwest of the state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Wilk-da-Silva
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio Ralph Medeiros-Sousa
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
| | - Luis Filipe Mucci
- State Department of Health, Pasteur Institute, São Paulo 01027-000, Brazil;
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- UNESP—Biotechnology Institute and Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (P.E.M.R.)
| | - Mauro Toledo Marrelli
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (A.R.M.-S.); (D.P.A.)
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Santos NACD, Carvalho VRD, Souza-Neto JA, Alonso DP, Ribolla PEM, Medeiros JF, Araujo MDS. Bacterial Microbiota from Lab-Reared and Field-Captured Anopheles darlingi Midgut and Salivary Gland. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1145. [PMID: 37317119 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Anopheles darlingi is a major malaria vector in the Amazon region and, like other vectors, harbors a community of microorganisms with which it shares a network of interactions. Here, we describe the diversity and bacterial composition from the midguts and salivary glands of lab-reared and field-captured An. darlingi using metagenome sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The libraries were built using the amplification of the region V3-V4 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial community from the salivary glands was more diverse and richer than the community from the midguts. However, the salivary glands and midguts only showed dissimilarities in beta diversity between lab-reared mosquitoes. Despite that, intra-variability was observed in the samples. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were dominant in the tissues of lab-reared mosquitoes. Sequences of Wolbachia and Asaia were both found in the tissue of lab-reared mosquitoes; however, only Asaia was found in field-captured An. darlingi, but in low abundance. This is the first report on the characterization of microbiota composition from the salivary glands of An. darlingi from lab-reared and field-captured individuals. This study can provide invaluable insights for future investigations regarding mosquito development and interaction between mosquito microbiota and Plasmodium sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najara Akira Costa Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Departament of Medicine, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia/Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-245, RO, Brazil
- Plataforma de Produção e Infecção de Vetores da Malária-PIVEM, Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-245, RO, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Rafaela de Carvalho
- Multiuser Central Laboratory, Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil
| | - Jayme A Souza-Neto
- Multiuser Central Laboratory, Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Biotecnology (IBTEC-Campus Botucatu), Instituto de Biotecnologia da UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Department of Biotecnology (IBTEC-Campus Botucatu), Instituto de Biotecnologia da UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, SP, Brazil
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Departament of Medicine, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia/Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-245, RO, Brazil
- Plataforma de Produção e Infecção de Vetores da Malária-PIVEM, Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-245, RO, Brazil
| | - Maisa da Silva Araujo
- Plataforma de Produção e Infecção de Vetores da Malária-PIVEM, Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-245, RO, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação e uso de Recursos Naturais-PPGReN, Departament of Biology, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, Porto Velho 76801-059, RO, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Translacional e Clínica, Centro de Pesquisa em Medicina Tropical, Porto Velho 76812-329, RO, Brazil
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Alonso DP, Alvarez MVN, Amorim JA, de Sá ILR, de Carvalho DP, Ribeiro KAN, Ribolla PEM, Sallum MAM. Mansonia spp. population genetics based on mitochondrion whole-genome sequencing alongside the Madeira River near Porto Velho, Rondonia, Brazil. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 103:105341. [PMID: 35878819 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In high abundance, females of the genus Mansonia (Blanchard) can be a nuisance to humans and animals because they are voraciously hematophagous and feed on the blood of a myriad of vertebrates. The spatial-temporal distribution pattern of Mansonia species is associated with the presence of their host plants, usually Eichhornia crassipes, E. azurea, Ceratopteris pteridoides, Limnobium laevigatum, Pistia stratiotes, and Salvinia sp. Despite their importance, there is a lack of investigation on the dispersion and population genetics of Mansonia species. Such studies are pivotal to evaluating the genetic structuring, which ultimately reflects populational expansion-retraction patterns and dispersal dynamics of the mosquito, particularly in areas with a history of recent introduction and establishment. The knowledge obtained could lead to better understanding of how anthropogenic changes to the environment can modulate the population structure of Mansonia species, which in turn impacts mosquito population density, disturbance to humans and domestic animals, and putative vector-borne disease transmission patterns. In this study, we present an Illumina NGS sequencing protocol to obtain whole-mitogenome sequences of Mansonia spp. to assess the microgeographic genetic diversity and dispersion of field-collected adults. The specimens were collected in rural environments in the vicinities of the Santo Antônio Energia (SAE) hydroelectric reservoir on the Madeira River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peres Alonso
- Sao Paulo State University, UNESP - Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez
- Sao Paulo State University, UNESP - Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Jandui Almeida Amorim
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivy Luizi Rodrigues de Sá
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Anice Mureb Sallum
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Rojas MVR, Alonso DP, Dropa M, Razzolini MTP, de Carvalho DP, Ribeiro KAN, Ribolla PEM, Sallum MAM. Next-Generation High-Throughput Sequencing to Evaluate Bacterial Communities in Freshwater Ecosystem in Hydroelectric Reservoirs. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071398. [PMID: 35889116 PMCID: PMC9322053 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of aquatic ecosystems is a major public health concern. The assessment and management of a freshwater system and the ecological monitoring of microorganisms that are present in it can provide indicators of the environment and water quality to protect human and animal health. with bacteria is. It is a major challenge to monitor the microbiological bacterial contamination status of surface water associated with anthropogenic activities within rivers and freshwater reservoirs. Understanding the composition of aquatic microbial communities can be beneficial for the early detection of pathogens, improving our knowledge of their ecological niches, and characterizing the assemblages of microbiota responsible for the degradation of contaminants and microbial substrates. The present study aimed to characterize the bacterial microbiota of water samples collected alongside the Madeira River and its small tributaries in rural areas near the Santo Antonio Energia hydroelectric power plant (SAE) reservoir in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondonia state, Western Brazil. An Illumina 16s rRNA metagenomic approach was employed and the physicochemical characteristics of the water sample were assessed. We hypothesized that both water metagenomics and physicochemical parameters would vary across sampling sites. The most abundant genera found in the study were Acinetobacter, Deinococcus, and Pseudomonas. PERMANOVA and ANCOM analysis revealed that collection points sampled at the G4 location presented a significantly different microbiome compared to any other group, with the Chlamidomonadaceae family and Enhydrobacter genus being significantly more abundant. Our findings support the use of metagenomics to assess water quality standards for the protection of human and animal health in this microgeographic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Virginia R. Rojas
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (M.V.R.R.); (M.A.M.S.)
- FUNDUNESP—Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP, São Paulo 01009-906, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (M.V.R.R.); (M.A.M.S.)
- Instituto de Biotecnologia da UNESP (IBTEC-Campus Botucatu), São Paulo 18607-440, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
| | - Milena Dropa
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (M.D.); (M.T.P.R.)
| | - Maria Tereza P. Razzolini
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (M.D.); (M.T.P.R.)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Anice M. Sallum
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (M.V.R.R.); (M.A.M.S.)
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da Silva H, Oliveira TMP, Sabino EC, Alonso DP, Sallum MAM. Bacterial diversity in Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brazil. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:161. [PMID: 35733096 PMCID: PMC9215073 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors that transmit numerous pathogens to humans and other vertebrates. Haemagogus leucocelaenus is a mosquito associated with transmission of yellow fever virus. The insect gut harbors a variety of microorganisms that can live and multiply within it, thus contributing to digestion, nutrition, and development of its host. The composition of bacterial communities in mosquitoes can be influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. The goal of this study was to investigate the bacterial diversity of Hg. leucocelaenus and verify the differences between the bacterial communities in Hg. leucocelaenus from three different locations in the Atlantic tropical rain forest and southeastern state of São Paulo State, Brazil. RESULTS The phylum Proteobacteria was found in mosquitoes collected from the three selected study sites. More than 50% of the contigs belong to Wolbachia, followed by 5% Swaminathania, and 3% Acinetobacter. The genus Serratia was found in samples from two locations. CONCLUSIONS Wolbachia was reported for the first time in this species and may indicates that the vector competence of the populations of the species can vary along its geographical distribution area. The presence of Serratia might facilitate viral invasion caused by the disruption of the midgut barrier via action of the SmEnhancin protein, which digests the mucins present in the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herculano da Silva
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Tatiane M. P. Oliveira
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Ester C. Sabino
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho 470, 1º andar, São Paulo, 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904 Brazil
- Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689 Brazil
| | - Maria Anice M. Sallum
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904 Brazil
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Alvarez MVN, Alonso DP, Kadri SM, Rufalco-Moutinho P, Bernardes IAF, de Mello ACF, Souto AC, Carrasco-Escobar G, Moreno M, Gamboa D, Vinetz JM, Conn JE, Ribolla PEM. Nyssorhynchus darlingi genome-wide studies related to microgeographic dispersion and blood-seeking behavior. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:106. [PMID: 35346342 PMCID: PMC8961893 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Brazil, malaria is concentrated in the Amazon Basin, where more than 99% of the annual cases are reported. The main goal of this study was to investigate the population structure and genetic association of the biting behavior of Nyssorhynchus (also known as Anopheles) darlingi, the major malaria vector in the Amazon region of Brazil, using low-coverage genomic sequencing data. Methods Samples were collected in the municipality of Mâncio Lima, Acre state, Brazil between 2016 and 2017. Different approaches using genotype imputation and no gene imputation for data treatment and low-coverage sequencing genotyping were performed. After the samples were genotyped, population stratification analysis was performed. Results Weak but statistically significant stratification signatures were identified between subpopulations separated by distances of approximately 2–3 km. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed to compare indoor/outdoor biting behavior and blood-seeking at dusk/dawn. A statistically significant association was observed between biting behavior and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers adjacent to the gene associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4H14, which is associated with insecticide resistance. A statistically significant association between blood-seeking periodicity and SNP markers adjacent to genes associated with the circadian cycle was also observed. Conclusion The data presented here suggest that low-coverage whole-genome sequencing with adequate processing is a powerful tool to genetically characterize vector populations at a microgeographic scale in malaria transmission areas, as well as for use in GWAS. Female mosquitoes entering houses to take a blood meal may be related to a specific CYP4H14 allele, and female timing of blood-seeking is related to circadian rhythm genes. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05219-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación Y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Facultad de Salud Pública, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Moreno
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación Y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dionicia Gamboa
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación Y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Departamento de Ciencias Celulares Y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias Y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Joseph M Vinetz
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación Y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jan E Conn
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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Rufalco-Moutinho P, Moura Kadri S, Peres Alonso D, Moreno M, Carrasco-Escobar G, Prussing C, Gamboa D, Vinetz JM, Mureb Sallum MA, Conn JE, Martins Ribolla PE. Ecology and larval population dynamics of the primary malaria vector Nyssorhynchus darlingi in a high transmission setting dominated by fish farming in western Amazonian Brazil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246215. [PMID: 33831004 PMCID: PMC8031405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vale do Rio Juruá in western Acre, Brazil, is a persistent malaria transmission hotspot partly due to fish farming development that was encouraged to improve local standards of living. Fish ponds can be productive breeding sites for Amazonian malaria vector species, including Nyssorhynchus darlingi, which, combined with high human density and mobility, add to the local malaria burden.This study reports entomological profile of immature and adult Ny. darlingi at three sites in Mâncio Lima, Acre, during the rainy and dry season (February to September, 2017). From 63 fishponds, 10,859 larvae were collected, including 5,512 first-instar Anophelinae larvae and 4,927 second, third and fourth-instars, of which 8.5% (n = 420) were Ny. darlingi. This species was most abundant in not-abandoned fishponds and in the presence of emerging aquatic vegetation. Seasonal analysis of immatures in urban landscapes found no significant difference in the numbers of Ny. darlingi, corresponding to equivalent population density during the rainy to dry transition period. However, in the rural landscape, significantly higher numbers of Ny. darlingi larvae were collected in August (IRR = 5.80, p = 0.037) and September (IRR = 6.62, p = 0.023) (dry season), compared to February (rainy season), suggesting important role of fishponds for vector population maintenance during the seasonal transition in this landscape type. Adult sampling detected mainly Ny. darlingi (~93%), with similar outdoor feeding behavior, but different abundance according to landscape profile: urban site 1 showed higher peaks of human biting rate in May (46 bites/person/hour), than February (4) and September (15), while rural site 3 shows similar HBR during the same sampling period (22, 24 and 21, respectively). This study contributes to a better understanding of the larvae biology of the main malaria vector in the Vale do Rio Juruá region and, ultimately will support vector control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Rufalco-Moutinho
- Departamento de Bioestatística, Biologia Vegetal, Parasitologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Samir Moura Kadri
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Moreno
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Catharine Prussing
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, NY, United States of America
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Dionicia Gamboa
- Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Medicinal Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Joseph M. Vinetz
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Medicinal Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Maria Anice Mureb Sallum
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jan E. Conn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, NY, United States of America
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Departamento de Bioestatística, Biologia Vegetal, Parasitologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Falcone-Dias MF, Rodrigues MV, Nielsen JL, de Jonge N, Jørgensen NOG, Alonso DP, David GS, da Silva RJ, Araújo Júnior JP. Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and microcystins in hydroelectric reservoirs used for fish farming. J Water Health 2020; 18:983-994. [PMID: 33328369 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2020.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish farming can have a negative impact on water quality and aquatic organisms due to emerging blooms of Cyanobacteria and the production of cyanotoxins. In this study, the effect of aquaculture in hydroelectric reservoirs in Brazil was evaluated in six fish farms and in upstream and downstream water through analysis of the microbiome, Cyanobacteria and microcystin concentrations. Synechococcus and Microcystis were observed at all six locations, while Limnothrix was also observed abundantly at two locations. An increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria inside the fish farms was observed at two locations, while an increase of Cyanobacteria was observed in downstream at five of the six locations. Microcystins were detected in significant and high values in all locations, with concentrations up to 1.59 μg/L. The trend in microcystin concentrations was mirrored in copy numbers of the mcyE gene (encodes microcystin synthetase) and presence of Microcystis, but not in any of the other observed cyanobacterial groups. In summary, the study shows that aquaculture production influenced the water microbiome inside and downstream the fish farms, and a direct correlation was found between mcyE gene copies, microcystin production and abundance of Microcystis, but not for the total abundance of Cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Falcone-Dias
- São Paulo State Agency for Agribusiness Technology (APTA) at Jaú, CP 66 Jaú, São Paulo, CEP 17340-000, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Marianna Vaz Rodrigues
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Niels O G Jørgensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Gianmarco S David
- São Paulo State Agency for Agribusiness Technology (APTA) at Jaú, CP 66 Jaú, São Paulo, CEP 17340-000, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Reinaldo José da Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - João Pessoa Araújo Júnior
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil
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9
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Alonso DP, Campos M, Troca H, Kunii R, Tripet F, Ribolla PEM. Gene expression profile of Aedes aegypti females in courtship and mating. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15492. [PMID: 31664152 PMCID: PMC6820793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the most synanthropic and anthropophilic mosquito of Culicidae. This species always cohabits with humans and is extremely opportunistic. Vector dispersal is directly related to the ability of the females on successfully finding a mate in a generally patchy urban scenario. In the present work, we investigate transcriptional changes in Ae. aegypti females during the courtship process and after mating. We observe a substantial alteration in gene expression triggered just upon contact with Ae. aegypti males, which in turn was not fully correlated to the changes triggered by the contact. After analysing shared significant differentially regulated genes between conspecific contact and insemination, the major part of the observed transcriptomic change triggered by contact is reversed after mating, indicating an intermediary situation between naive and mating conditions that we hypothesize to be crucial for mating success. Upon contact, several chemosensory related genes are repressed, especially odorant binding proteins. Most of these genes return to higher expression rates after mating. None of these genes are significantly regulated by the encounter of a different species, Aedes albopictus. The results presented here might be applied to an innovative control approach focusing on the semiochemical systems of mosquitoes in an effort to disrupt undesirable host–insect interaction to reduce the risk of pathogen transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peres Alonso
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Melina Campos
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Heitor Troca
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Rafael Kunii
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Biotechnology Institute and Bioscience Institute, Botucatu, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Tripet
- Keele University, Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
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10
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Campos M, Alonso DP, Conn JE, Vinetz JM, Emerson KJ, Ribolla PEM. Genetic diversity of Nyssorhynchus (Anopheles) darlingi related to biting behavior in western Amazon. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:242. [PMID: 31101131 PMCID: PMC6525393 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the Amazon Basin, Nyssorhynchus (Anopheles) darlingi is the most aggressive and effective malaria vector. In endemic areas, behavioral aspects of anopheline vectors such as host preference, biting time and resting location post blood meal have a key impact on malaria transmission dynamics and vector control interventions. Nyssorhynchus darlingi presents a range of feeding and resting behaviors throughout its broad distribution. Methods To investigate the genetic diversity related to biting behavior, we collected host-seeking Ny. darlingi in two settlement types in Acre, Brazil: Granada (~ 20-year-old, more established, better access by road, few malaria cases) and Remansinho (~ 8-year-old, active logging, poor road access, high numbers malaria cases). Mosquitoes were classified by the location of collection (indoors or outdoors) and time (dusk or dawn). Results Genome-wide SNPs, used to assess the degree of genetic divergence and population structure, identified non-random distributions of individuals in the PCA for both location and time analyses. Although genetic diversity related to behavior was confirmed by non-model-based analyses and FST values, model-based STRUCTURE detected considerable admixture of these populations. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect genetic markers associated with biting behavior in Ny. darlingi. Additional ecological and genomic studies may help to understand the genetic basis of mosquito behavior and address appropriate surveillance and vector control. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3498-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Campos
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jan E Conn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany (State University of New York), Albany, NY, USA.,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Vinetz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo, Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander von Humboldt", Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Kevin J Emerson
- Biology Department, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, MD, USA
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Alonso DP, Mancini MV, Damiani C, Cappelli A, Ricci I, Alvarez MVN, Bandi C, Ribolla PEM, Favia G. Genome Reduction in the Mosquito Symbiont Asaia. Genome Biol Evol 2019; 11:1-10. [PMID: 30476071 PMCID: PMC6317953 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Symbiosis is now recognized as a driving force in evolution, a role that finds its ultimate expression in the variety of associations bonding insects with microbial symbionts. These associations have contributed to the evolutionary success of insects, with the hosts acquiring the capacity to exploit novel ecological niches, and the symbionts passing from facultative associations to obligate, mutualistic symbioses. In bacterial symbiont of insects, the transition from the free-living life style to mutualistic symbiosis often resulted in a reduction in the genome size, with the generation of the smallest bacterial genomes thus far described. Here, we show that the process of genome reduction is still occurring in Asaia, a group of bacterial symbionts associated with a variety of insects. Indeed, comparative genomics of Asaia isolated from different mosquito species revealed a substantial genome size and gene content reduction in Asaia from Anopheles darlingi, a South-American malaria vector. We thus propose Asaia as a novel model to study genome reduction dynamics, within a single bacterial taxon, evolving in a common biological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peres Alonso
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Vittoria Mancini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy.,MRC-University of Glasgow-Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Damiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessia Cappelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - Irene Ricci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Clinical Pediatric Research Center Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guido Favia
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
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12
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Casaril AE, de Oliveira LP, Alonso DP, de Oliveira EF, Gomes Barrios SP, de Oliveira Moura Infran J, Fernandes WDS, Oshiro ET, Ferreira AMT, Ribolla PEM, de Oliveira AG. Standardization of DNA extraction from sand flies: Application to genotyping by next generation sequencing. Exp Parasitol 2017; 177:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Mendonça ILD, Batista JF, Schallig H, Cruz MDSPE, Alonso DP, Ribolla PEM, Costa DL, Costa CHN. The performance of serological tests for Leishmania infantum infection screening in dogs depends on the prevalence of the disease. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e39. [PMID: 28591267 PMCID: PMC5459546 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs are considered the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum.
This protozoan causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), an uncontrolled urban
zoonosis in Brazil. Serological tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on
peripheral blood were performed to identify infected dogs in scenarios of higher
and lower prevalence of the disease (Teresina and
Vitória). One-hundred infected and 57
non-infected animals from Teresina and 100 non-infected animals from
Vitória were studied. Animal selection was
not dependent on previous serology. The sensitivity (Teresina) and specificity
(Teresina and Vitória) were as follows:
indirect antibody fluorescence (IFAT) cut-off of 1:40 (IFAT 1:40): 96%, 18%, and
76%; IFAT 1:80: 90%, 33%, and 93%; direct agglutination test (DAT): 96%, 33%,
and 98%; fast agglutination screening test (FAST): 93%, 68%, and 100%;
immunochromatographic assay with a recombinant rK39 antigen (rK39): 88%, 74%,
and 98%; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): 91%, 79%, and 98%; rapid
dual-path platform test (TR DPP®): 98%, 60%, and 98%; and blood PCR:
29%, 93%, and 97%, respectively. In the high transmission area, none of the
tests adequately discriminated L. infantum-infected from
non-infected dogs. However, in the high transmission city, the area under the
receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of FAST, DAT, ICrK39, ELISA and TR
DPP® was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivete Lopes de Mendonça
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Joilson Ferreira Batista
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Henk Schallig
- Koninklijk Institut voor de Tropen, Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria do Socorro Pires E Cruz
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biologia e Biomedicina, Departamento de Parasitologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biologia e Biomedicina, Departamento de Parasitologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dorcas Lamounier Costa
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Nery Costa
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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14
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Campos M, Conn JE, Alonso DP, Vinetz JM, Emerson KJ, Ribolla PEM. Microgeographical structure in the major Neotropical malaria vector Anopheles darlingi using microsatellites and SNP markers. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:76. [PMID: 28193289 PMCID: PMC5307779 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, throughout the Amazon Basin, landscape modification contributing to profound ecological change has proceeded at an unprecedented rate. Deforestation that accompanies human activities can significantly change aspects of anopheline biology, though this may be site-specific. Such local changes in anopheline biology could have a great impact on malaria transmission. The aim of this study was to investigate population genetics of the main malaria vector in Brazil, Anopheles darlingi, from a microgeographical perspective. METHODS Microsatellites and ddRADseq-derived single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to assess levels of population genetic structuring among mosquito populations from two ecologically distinctive agricultural settlements (~60 km apart) and a population from a distant (~700 km) urban setting in the western Amazon region of Brazil. RESULTS Significant microgeographical population differentiation was observed among Anopheles darlingi populations via both model- and non-model-based analysis only with the SNP dataset. Microsatellites detected moderate differentiation at the greatest distances, but were unable to differentiate populations from the two agricultural settlements. Both markers showed low polymorphism levels in the most human impacted sites. CONCLUSIONS At a microgeographical scale, signatures of genetic heterogeneity and population divergence were evident in Anopheles darlingi, possibly related to local environmental anthropic modification. This divergence was observed only when using high coverage SNP markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Campos
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jan E Conn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany (State University of New York), Albany, NY, USA.,New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph M Vinetz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander von Humboldt," and Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Kevin J Emerson
- Biology Department, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, MD, USA
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Biotechnology Institute (IBTEC) & Biosciences Institute at Botucatu (IBB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Ribolla PEM, Gushi LT, Pires e Cruz MDS, Costa CHN, Costa DL, Lima Júnior MSDC, Dorval MEMC, Gutierrez de Oliveira A, da Cunha Santos MF, Fonseca Camargo-Neves VL, Fortaleza CMCB, Alonso DP. Leishmania infantum Genetic Diversity and Lutzomyia longipalpis Mitochondrial Haplotypes in Brazil. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016:9249217. [PMID: 27119085 PMCID: PMC4828539 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9249217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Americas with domestic dogs being its major reservoir hosts. The main VL vector is the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis, while other Lutzomyia species may play a role in disease transmission. Although the genetic structure of L. infantum populations has been widely evaluated, only a few studies have addressed this subject coupled to the genetic structure of the respective sandfly vectors. In this study, we analyzed the population structure of L. infantum in three major VL endemic areas in Brazil and associated it with Lutzomyia longipalpis geographic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biotecnologia de Botucatu (IBTEC), 18607-440 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Tsieme Gushi
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biotecnologia de Botucatu (IBTEC), 18607-440 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria do Socorro Pires e Cruz
- Departamento de Morfofisiologia Veterinária Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Nery Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose Visceral, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, 64001-450 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Dorcas Lamounier Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose Visceral, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, 64001-450 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandra Gutierrez de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Mirella Ferreira da Cunha Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Magno Castello Branco Fortaleza
- Departamento de Doenças Tropicais, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), 18618-687 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biotecnologia de Botucatu (IBTEC), 18607-440 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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16
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Zaluski R, Kadri SM, Alonso DP, Martins Ribolla PE, de Oliveira Orsi R. Fipronil promotes motor and behavioral changes in honey bees (Apis mellifera) and affects the development of colonies exposed to sublethal doses. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:1062-1069. [PMID: 25703042 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bees play a crucial role in pollination and generate honey and other hive products; therefore, their worldwide decline is cause for concern. New broad-spectrum systemic insecticides such as fipronil can harm bees and their use has been discussed as a potential threat to bees' survival. In the present study, the authors evaluate the in vitro toxicity of fipronil and note behavioral and motor activity changes in Africanized adult Apis mellifera that ingest or come into contact with lethal or sublethal doses of fipronil. The effects of sublethal doses on brood viability, population growth, behavior, and the expression of the defensin 1 gene in adult bees were studied in colonies fed with contaminated sugar syrup (8 µg fipronil L(-1) ). Fipronil is highly toxic to bees triggering agitation, seizures, tremors, and paralysis. Bees that are exposed to a lethal or sublethal doses showed reduced motor activity. The number of eggs that hatched, the area occupied by worker eggs, and the number of larvae and pupae that developed were reduced, adult bees showed lethargy, and colonies were abandoned when they were exposed to sublethal doses of fipronil. No change was seen in the bees' expression of defensin 1. The authors conclude that fipronil is highly toxic to honey bees and even sublethal doses may negatively affect the development and maintenance of colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Zaluski
- Núcleo de Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia em Apicultura Racional (NECTAR), Departamento de Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Aguiar BGA, Coelho DL, Costa DL, Drumond BP, Coelho LFL, Figueiredo LC, Zacarias DA, Silva JCD, Alonso DP, Ribolla PEM, Ishikawa EAY, Gaído SB, Costa CHN. Genes that encodes NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 are not virulence factors for kala-azar caused by Leishmania infantum. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 47:593-8. [PMID: 25467261 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0183-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kala-azar is a disease resulting from infection by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum. Most patients with the disease exhibit prolonged fever, wasting, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly without complications. However, some patients develop severe disease with hemorrhagic manifestations, bacterial infections, jaundice, and edema dyspnea, among other symptoms, followed by death. Among the parasite molecules that might influence the disease severity are the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-like proteins (MIF1 and MIF2) and N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (NAGT), which act in the first step of protein N-glycosylation. This study aimed to determine whether MIF1, MIF2 and NAGT are virulence factors for severe kala-azar. METHODS To determine the parasite genotype in kala-azar patients from Northeastern Brazil, we sequenced the NAGT genes of L. infantum from 68 patients as well as the MIF1 and MIF2 genes from 76 different subjects with diverse clinical manifestations. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the fragments were sequenced, followed by polymorphism identification. RESULTS The nucleotide sequencing of the 144 amplicons revealed the absence of genetic variability of the NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 genes between the isolates. The conservation of these genes suggests that the clinical variability of kala-azar does not depend upon these genes. Additionally, this conservation suggests that these genes may be critical for parasite survival. CONCLUSIONS NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 do not alter the severity of kala-azar. NAGT, MIF1 and MIF2 are highly conserved among different isolates of identical species and exhibit potential for use in phylogenetic inferences or molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Daniela Lemos Coelho
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Dorcas Lamounier Costa
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Betânia Paiva Drumond
- Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Lívio Carvalho Figueiredo
- Departamento de Agricultura, Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Bananeiras, PB, Brasil
| | - Danielle Alves Zacarias
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Jailthon Carlos da Silva
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Samara Belchior Gaído
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Carlos Henrique Nery Costa
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
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18
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Soares VYR, Silva JCD, Silva KRD, Pires e Cruz MDS, Santos MPD, Ribolla PEM, Alonso DP, Coelho LFL, Costa DL, Costa CHN. Identification of blood meal sources of Lutzomyia longipalpis using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the cytochrome B gene. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:379-83. [PMID: 24821056 PMCID: PMC4131795 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276130405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of the dietary content of haematophagous insects can provide important information about the transmission networks of certain zoonoses. The present study evaluated the potential of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome B (cytb) gene to differentiate between vertebrate species that were identified as possible sources of sandfly meals. The complete cytb gene sequences of 11 vertebrate species available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database were digested with Aci I, Alu I, Hae III and Rsa I restriction enzymes in silico using Restriction Mapper software. The cytb gene fragment (358 bp) was amplified from tissue samples of vertebrate species and the dietary contents of sandflies and digested with restriction enzymes. Vertebrate species presented a restriction fragment profile that differed from that of other species, with the exception of Canis familiaris and Cerdocyon thous. The 358 bp fragment was identified in 76 sandflies. Of these, 10 were evaluated using the restriction enzymes and the food sources were predicted for four: Homo sapiens (1), Bos taurus (1) and Equus caballus (2). Thus, the PCR-RFLP technique could be a potential method for identifying the food sources of arthropods. However, some points must be clarified regarding the applicability of the method, such as the extent of DNA degradation through intestinal digestion, the potential for multiple sources of blood meals and the need for greater knowledge regarding intraspecific variations in mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Yamashiro Rocha Soares
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmanioses, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Jailthon Carlos da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmanioses, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Kleverton Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfofisiologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Maria do Socorro Pires e Cruz
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfofisiologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | | | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Dorcas Lamounier Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmanioses, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Carlos Henrique Nery Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmanioses, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
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Alonso DP, Costa DL, de Mendonça IL, Costa CHN, Ribolla PEM. Heterogeneity of Leishmania infantum chagasi kinetoplast DNA in Teresina (Brazil). Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010; 82:819-21. [PMID: 20439961 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania infantum chagasi is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) minicircles was used to evaluate genetic profiles of 48 Leishmania infantum chagasi strains from dog and human parasite cultures, fresh collected dog bone marrow aspirates, and from infected sand flies. Results revealed that heterogeneity in kDNA minicircles depends mostly on the source of the samples, with cultured parasites showing a high degree of homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Parasitology, Bioscience Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil (UNESP)
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David EB, Guimarães S, Ribolla PEM, Coradi ST, Alonso DP. Partial characterization of proteolytic activity in Giardia duodenalis purified proteins. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2008; 49:385-8. [PMID: 18157406 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652007000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 06/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes a preliminary characterization of proteolytic activity of proteins isolated from lysate of Giardia trophozoites of an axenic Brazilian strain. Fractions obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) were tested in SDS-polyacrylamide gel for the protein profiles, and the proteases activity was analyzed using gelatin impregnated SDS-PAGE. The proteases characterization was based on inhibition assays employing synthetic inhibitors for cysteine (E-64, IAA), serine (PMSF, TPCK, TLCK, and elastatinal), metalo (EDTA) and aspartic (pepstatin) proteases. Among thirty eluted fractions, polypeptide bands were observed in eight of them, however, proteolytic activity was detected in four ones (F23, F24, F25 and F26). Protein profiles of these fractions showed a banding pattern composed by few bands distributed in the migration region of 45 to < 18 kDa. The zymograms revealed proteolytic activity in all the four fractions assayed, mainly distributed in the migration region of 62 to 35 kDa. Among the profiles, the main pronounced zones of proteolysis were distinguished at 62, 55, 53, 50, 46 and 40 kDa. In inhibition assays, the protease activities were significantly inhibited by cysteine (E-64) and serine proteases (TPCK, TLCK and elastatinal) inhibitors. Gels incubated with other cysteine and serine protease inhibitors, IAA and PMSF, respectively, showed a decrease in the intensity of hydrolysis zones. Indeed, in the assays with the inhibitors EDTA for metalloproteases and pepstatin for aspartic proteases, none inhibition was detected against the substrate. These observations are relevants, especially if we consider that to define the real role of the proteases in host-parasite interaction, the purification of these enzymes for detailed studies may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Boarato David
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Alonso DP, Ferreira AFB, Ribolla PEM, de Miranda Santos IKF, do Socorro Pires e Cruz M, Aécio de Carvalho F, Abatepaulo ARR, Lamounier Costa D, Werneck GL, Farias TJC, Soares MJS, Costa CHN. Genotypes of the Mannan‐Binding Lectin Gene and Susceptibility to Visceral Leishmaniasis and Clinical Complications. J Infect Dis 2007; 195:1212-7. [PMID: 17357060 DOI: 10.1086/512683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is almost always lethal if not treated, but most infections with the causative agents are clinically silent. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), an opsonin, is a candidate molecule for modifying progression to VL because it may enhance infection with intracellular pathogens. Mutations in the MBL2 gene decrease levels of MBL and may protect against development of VL. This case-control study examines genotypes of MBL2 and levels of MBL in individuals presenting with different outcomes of infection with Leishmania chagasi. METHODS Genotypes for MBL2 and levels of serum MBL were determined in uninfected control subjects (n=76) and in individuals presenting with asymptomatic infection (n=90) or VL (n=69). RESULTS Genotypes resulting in high levels of MBL were more frequent (odds ratio [OR], 2.5 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-5.0]; P=.006) among individuals with VL than among those with asymptomatic infections and were even more frequent (OR, 3.97 [95% CI, 1.10-14.38]; P=.043) among cases of VL presenting with clinical complications than among those with uneventful courses. Serum levels of MBL were higher (P=.011) in individuals with VL than in asymptomatic infections . CONCLUSIONS Genotypes of the MBL2 gene predict the risk for developing VL and clinical complications in infections with L. chagasi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Peres Alonso
- Department of Parasitology, Institute for Biology and Biomedicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
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