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Žagar A, Dajčman U, Megía-Palma R, Simčič T, Barroso FM, Baškiera S, Carretero MA. Analysis of subcellular energy metabolism in five Lacertidae lizards across varied environmental conditions. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 297:111729. [PMID: 39181180 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic respiration is the main energy source for most eukaryotes, and efficient mitochondrial energy transfer greatly influences organismal fitness. To survive environmental changes, cells have evolved to adjust their biochemistry. Thus, measuring energy metabolism at the subcellular level can enhance our understanding of individual performance, population dynamics, and species distribution ranges. We investigated three important metabolic traits at the subcellular level in five lacertid lizard species sampled from different elevations, from sea level up to 2000 m. We examined hemoglobin concentration, two markers of oxidative stress (catalase activity and carbonyl concentration) and maximum rate of metabolic respiration at the subcellular level (potential metabolic activity at the electron transport system). The traits were analysed in laboratory acclimated adult male lizards to investigate the adaptive metabolic responses to the variable environmental conditions at the local sampling sites. Potential metabolic activity at the cellular level was measured at four temperatures - 28 °C, 30 °C, 32 °C and 34 °C - covering the range of preferred body temperatures of the species studied. Hemoglobin content, carbonyl concentration and potential metabolic activity did not differ significantly among species. Interspecific differences were found in the catalase activity, Potential metabolic activity increased with temperature in parallel in all five species. The highest response of the metabolic rate with temperature (Q10) and Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) was recorded in the high-mountain species Iberolacerta monticola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija Žagar
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 121, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 7. 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Urban Dajčman
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 121, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva ulica 101, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rodrigo Megía-Palma
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 7. 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tatjana Simčič
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 121, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Frederico M Barroso
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 7. 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Senka Baškiera
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miguel A Carretero
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 7. 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Alomar N, Bodensteiner BL, Hernández-Rodríguez I, Landestoy MA, Domínguez-Guerrero SF, Muñoz MM. Comparison of Hydric and Thermal Physiology in an Environmentally Diverse Clade of Caribbean Anoles. Integr Comp Biol 2024; 64:377-389. [PMID: 38702856 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world becomes warmer and precipitation patterns less predictable, organisms will experience greater heat and water stress. It is crucial to understand the factors that predict variation in thermal and hydric physiology among species. This study focuses on investigating the relationships between thermal and hydric diversity and their environmental predictors in a clade of Hispaniolan anole lizards, which are part of a broader Caribbean adaptive radiation. This clade, the "cybotoid" anoles, occupies a wide range of thermal habitats (from sea level to several kilometers above it) and hydric habitats (such as xeric scrub, broadleaf forest, and pine forest), setting up the possibility for ecophysiological specialization among species. Among the thermal traits, only cold tolerance is correlated with environmental temperature, and none of our climate variables are correlated with hydric physiology. Nevertheless, we found a negative relationship between heat tolerance (critical thermal maximum) and evaporative water loss at higher temperatures, such that more heat-tolerant lizards are also more desiccation-tolerant at higher temperatures. This finding hints at shared thermal and hydric specialization at higher temperatures, underscoring the importance of considering the interactive effects of temperature and water balance in ecophysiological studies. While ecophysiological differentiation is a core feature of the anole adaptive radiation, our results suggest that close relatives in this lineage do not diverge in hydric physiology and only diverge partially in thermal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Alomar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Brooke L Bodensteiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Miguel A Landestoy
- Instituto de Investigaciones Botánicas y Zoológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, 10105, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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3
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Diamond SE, Kolaske LR, Martin RA. Physiology Evolves Convergently but Lags Behind Warming in Cities. Integr Comp Biol 2024; 64:402-413. [PMID: 38710535 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cities, through the generation of urban heat islands, provide a venue for exploring contemporary convergent evolution to climatic warming. We quantified how repeatable the evolution of heat tolerance, cold tolerance, and body size was among diverse lineages in response to urban heat islands. Our study revealed significant shifts toward higher heat tolerance and diminished cold tolerance among urban populations. We further found that the magnitude of trait divergence was significantly and positively associated with the magnitude of the urban heat island, suggesting that temperature played a major role in the observed divergence in thermal tolerance. Despite these trends, the magnitude of trait responses lagged behind environmental warming. Heat tolerance responses exhibited a deficit of 0.84°C for every 1°C increase in warming, suggesting limits on adaptive evolution and consequent adaptational lags. Other moderators were predictive of greater divergence in heat tolerance, including lower baseline tolerance and greater divergence in body size. Although terrestrial species did not exhibit systematic shifts toward larger or smaller body size, aquatic species exhibited significant shifts toward smaller body size in urban habitats. Our study demonstrates how cities can be used to address long-standing questions in evolutionary biology regarding the repeatability of evolution. Importantly, this work also shows how cities can be used as forecasting tools by quantifying adaptational lags and by developing trait-based associations with responses to contemporary warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Diamond
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Logan R Kolaske
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Ryan A Martin
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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4
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Santos MA, Carromeu-Santos A, Quina AS, Antunes MA, Kristensen TN, Santos M, Matos M, Fragata I, Simões P. Experimental Evolution in a Warming World: The Omics Era. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae148. [PMID: 39034684 PMCID: PMC11331425 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the genetic mechanisms that shape species responses to thermal variation is essential for more accurate predictions of the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. Experimental evolution with high-throughput resequencing approaches (evolve and resequence) is a highly effective tool that has been increasingly employed to elucidate the genetic basis of adaptation. The number of thermal evolve and resequence studies is rising, yet there is a dearth of efforts to integrate this new wealth of knowledge. Here, we review this literature showing how these studies have contributed to increase our understanding on the genetic basis of thermal adaptation. We identify two major trends: highly polygenic basis of thermal adaptation and general lack of consistency in candidate targets of selection between studies. These findings indicate that the adaptive responses to specific environments are rather independent. A review of the literature reveals several gaps in the existing research. Firstly, there is a paucity of studies done with organisms of diverse taxa. Secondly, there is a need to apply more dynamic and ecologically relevant thermal environments. Thirdly, there is a lack of studies that integrate genomic changes with changes in life history and behavioral traits. Addressing these issues would allow a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype. We highlight key methodological aspects that can address some of the limitations and omissions identified. These include the need for greater standardization of methodologies and the utilization of new technologies focusing on the integration of genomic and phenotypic variation in the context of thermal adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Santos
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Carromeu-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana S Quina
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - Marta A Antunes
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Mauro Santos
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Grup de Genòmica, Bioinformàtica i Biologia Evolutiva (GBBE), Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Margarida Matos
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Fragata
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Simões
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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5
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Rader JA, Hedrick TL. Turkey vultures tune their airspeed to changing air density. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246828. [PMID: 39089315 PMCID: PMC11418199 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Animals must tune their physical performance to changing environmental conditions, and the breadth of environmental tolerance may contribute to delineating the geographic range of a species. A common environmental challenge that flying animals face is the reduction of air density at high elevation and the reduction in the effectiveness of lift production that accompanies it. As a species, turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) inhabit a >3000 m elevation range, and fly considerably higher, necessitating that they accommodate for a 27% change in air density (0.890 to 1.227 kg m-3) through behavior, physiology or biomechanics. We predicted that birds flying at high elevation would maintain aerodynamic lift performance behaviorally via higher flight speeds, rather than increases in power output or local phenotypic adaptation. We used three-dimensional videography to track turkey vultures flying at three elevations, and data supported the hypothesized negative relationship between median airspeed and air density. Additionally, neither the ratio of horizontal speed to sinking speed nor flapping behavior varied with air density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Rader
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tyson L. Hedrick
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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6
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Camarillo H, Burress ED, Muñoz MM. Four-bar Geometry is Shared among Ecologically DivergentFish Species. Integr Org Biol 2024; 6:obae019. [PMID: 38949169 PMCID: PMC11211069 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence morphological evolution is a major goal in biology. One such factor is the ability to acquire and process prey. Prey hardness and evasiveness are important properties that can impact evolution of the jaws. Similar diets and biomechanical systems have repeatedly evolved among fish lineages, providing an opportunity to test for shared patterns of evolution across distantly related organisms. Four-bar linkages are structures often used by animals to transmit force and motion during feeding and that provide an excellent system to understand the impact of diet on morphological and biomechanical evolution. Here, we tested how diet influences the evolutionary dynamics of the oral four-bar linkage system in wrasses (Family: Labridae) and cichlids (Family: Cichlidae). We found that shifts in prey hardness/evasiveness are associated with limited modifications in four-bar geometry across these two distantly related fish lineages. Wrasse and cichlid four-bar systems largely exhibit many-to-one mapping in response to dietary shifts. Across two iconic adaptive radiations of fish, an optimal four-bar geometry has largely been co-opted for different dietary functions during their extensive ecological diversification. Given the exceptional jaw diversity of both lineages, many-to-one mapping of morphology to mechanical properties may be a core feature of fish adaptive radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Camarillo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - E D Burress
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - M M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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7
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Vivero-Gomez R, Duque-Granda D, Rader JA, Stuckert A, Santander-Gualdron R, Cadavid-Restrepo G, Moreno-Herrera CX, Matute DR. Humidity and temperature preference in two Neotropical species of sand flies. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:246. [PMID: 38831449 PMCID: PMC11149334 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arthropods vector a multitude of human disease-causing organisms, and their geographic ranges are shifting rapidly in response to changing climatic conditions. This is, in turn, altering the landscape of disease risk for human populations that are brought into novel contact with the vectors and the diseases they carry. Sand flies in the genera Lutzomyia and Pintomyia are vectors of serious disease-causing agents such as Leishmania (the etiological agent of leishmaniasis) and may be expanding their range in the face of climate change. Understanding the climatic conditions that vector species both tolerate physiologically and prefer behaviorally is critical to predicting the direction and magnitude of range expansions and the resulting impacts on human health. Temperature and humidity are key factors that determine the geographic extent of many arthropods, including vector species. METHODS We characterized the habitat of two species of sand flies, Lutzomyia longipalpis and Pintomyia evansi. Additionally, we studied two behavioral factors of thermal fitness-thermal and humidity preference in two species of sand flies alongside a key aspect of physiological tolerance-desiccation resistance. RESULTS We found that Lu. longipalpis is found at cooler and drier conditions than Pi. evansi. Our results also show significant interspecific differences in both behavioral traits, with Pi. evansi preferring warmer, more humid conditions than Lu. longipalpis. Finally, we found that Lu. longipalpis shows greater tolerance to extreme low humidity, and that this is especially pronounced in males of the species. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that temperature and humidity conditions are key aspects of the climatic niche of Lutzomyia and Pintomyia sand flies and underscore the value of integrative studies of climatic tolerance and preference in vector biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vivero-Gomez
- Grupo de Microdiversidad and Bioprospección, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Procesos Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
- PECET (Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales), Universidad de Antioquia, SIU-Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Street 62 # 52-59Laboratory 632, 050003, Medellín, Postal Code, Colombia
| | - Daniela Duque-Granda
- Grupo de Microdiversidad and Bioprospección, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Procesos Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jonathan A Rader
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Adam Stuckert
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ricardo Santander-Gualdron
- Grupo de Microdiversidad and Bioprospección, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Procesos Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Cadavid-Restrepo
- Grupo de Microdiversidad and Bioprospección, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Procesos Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Claudia X Moreno-Herrera
- Grupo de Microdiversidad and Bioprospección, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Procesos Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniel R Matute
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
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Ruthsatz K, Dahlke F, Alter K, Wohlrab S, Eterovick PC, Lyra ML, Gippner S, Cooke SJ, Peck MA. Acclimation capacity to global warming of amphibians and freshwater fishes: Drivers, patterns, and data limitations. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17318. [PMID: 38771091 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Amphibians and fishes play a central role in shaping the structure and function of freshwater environments. These organisms have a limited capacity to disperse across different habitats and the thermal buffer offered by freshwater systems is small. Understanding determinants and patterns of their physiological sensitivity across life history is, therefore, imperative to predicting the impacts of climate change in freshwater systems. Based on a systematic literature review including 345 experiments with 998 estimates on 96 amphibian (Anura/Caudata) and 93 freshwater fish species (Teleostei), we conducted a quantitative synthesis to explore phylogenetic, ontogenetic, and biogeographic (thermal adaptation) patterns in upper thermal tolerance (CTmax) and thermal acclimation capacity (acclimation response ratio, ARR) as well as the influence of the methodology used to assess these thermal traits using a conditional inference tree analysis. We found globally consistent patterns in CTmax and ARR, with phylogeny (taxa/order), experimental methodology, climatic origin, and life stage as significant determinants of thermal traits. The analysis demonstrated that CTmax does not primarily depend on the climatic origin but on experimental acclimation temperature and duration, and life stage. Higher acclimation temperatures and longer acclimation times led to higher CTmax values, whereby Anuran larvae revealed a higher CTmax than older life stages. The ARR of freshwater fishes was more than twice that of amphibians. Differences in ARR between life stages were not significant. In addition to phylogenetic differences, we found that ARR also depended on acclimation duration, ramping rate, and adaptation to local temperature variability. However, the amount of data on early life stages is too small, methodologically inconsistent, and phylogenetically unbalanced to identify potential life cycle bottlenecks in thermal traits. We, therefore, propose methods to improve the robustness and comparability of CTmax/ARR data across species and life stages, which is crucial for the conservation of freshwater biodiversity under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ruthsatz
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Animal Cell and Systems Biology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Flemming Dahlke
- Ecology of Living Marine Resources, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Alter
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Sylke Wohlrab
- Alfred Wegner Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Paula C Eterovick
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mariana L Lyra
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Research on Biodiversity Dynamics and Climate Change, State University of São Paulo-UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Sven Gippner
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myron A Peck
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands
- Marine Animal Ecology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Taff CC, Baldan D, Mentesana L, Ouyang JQ, Vitousek MN, Hau M. Endocrine flexibility can facilitate or constrain the ability to cope with global change. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220502. [PMID: 38310929 PMCID: PMC10838644 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has increased average environmental temperatures world-wide, simultaneously intensifying temperature variability and extremes. Growing numbers of studies have documented phenological, behavioural and morphological responses to climate change in wild populations. As systemic signals, hormones can contribute to orchestrating many of these phenotypic changes. Yet little is known about whether mechanisms like hormonal flexibility (reversible changes in hormone concentrations) facilitate or limit the ability of individuals, populations and species to cope with a changing climate. In this perspective, we discuss different mechanisms by which hormonal flexibility, primarily in glucocorticoids, could promote versus hinder evolutionary adaptation to changing temperature regimes. We focus on temperature because it is a key gradient influenced by climate change, it is easy to quantify, and its links to hormones are well established. We argue that reaction norm studies that connect individual responses to population-level and species-wide patterns will be critical for making progress in this field. We also develop a case study on urban heat islands, where several key questions regarding hormonal flexibility and adaptation to climate change can be addressed. Understanding the mechanisms that allow animals to cope when conditions become more challenging will help in predicting which populations are vulnerable to ongoing climate change. This article is part of the theme issue 'Endocrine responses to environmental variation: conceptual approaches and recent developments'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor C. Taff
- Laboratory Ornithology and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Biology, Colby College, Waterville, ME 04901, USA
| | - Davide Baldan
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Lucia Mentesana
- Evolutionary Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
- Faculty of Sciences, Republic University, Montevideo, 11200, Uruguay
| | - Jenny Q. Ouyang
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Maren N. Vitousek
- Laboratory Ornithology and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michaela Hau
- Evolutionary Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, 78467, Germany
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10
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Gilbert E, Žagar A, López-Darias M, Megía-Palma R, Lister KA, Jones MD, Carretero MA, Serén N, Beltran-Alvarez P, Valero KCW. Environmental factors influence cross-talk between a heat shock protein and an oxidative stress protein modification in the lizard Gallotia galloti. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300111. [PMID: 38470891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Better understanding how organisms respond to their abiotic environment, especially at the biochemical level, is critical in predicting population trajectories under climate change. In this study, we measured constitutive stress biomarkers and protein post-translational modifications associated with oxidative stress in Gallotia galloti, an insular lizard species inhabiting highly heterogeneous environments on Tenerife. Tenerife is a small volcanic island in a relatively isolated archipelago off the West coast of Africa. We found that expression of GRP94, a molecular chaperone protein, and levels of protein carbonylation, a marker of cellular stress, change across different environments, depending on solar radiation-related variables and topology. Here, we report in a wild animal population, cross-talk between the baseline levels of the heat shock protein-like GRP94 and oxidative damage (protein carbonylation), which are influenced by a range of available temperatures, quantified through modelled operative temperature. This suggests a dynamic trade-off between cellular homeostasis and oxidative damage in lizards adapted to this thermally and topologically heterogeneous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Gilbert
- School of Natural Sciences, The University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- Energy and Environment Institute, The University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Anamarija Žagar
- National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Marta López-Darias
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Megía-Palma
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Karen A Lister
- Biomedical Institute for Multimorbidity, Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Max Dolton Jones
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Miguel A Carretero
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nina Serén
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Beltran-Alvarez
- Biomedical Institute for Multimorbidity, Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina C Wollenberg Valero
- School of Natural Sciences, The University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Campus, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Mitteroecker P, Fischer B. Evolution of the human birth canal. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:S841-S855. [PMID: 38462258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
It seems puzzling why humans have evolved such a small and rigid birth canal that entails a relatively complex process of labor compared with the birth canal of our closest relatives, the great apes. This study reviewed insights into the evolution of the human birth canal from recent theoretical and empirical studies and discussed connections to obstetrics, gynecology, and orthopedics. Originating from the evolution of bipedality and the large human brain million years ago, the evolution of the human birth canal has been characterized by complex trade-off dynamics among multiple biological, environmental, and sociocultural factors. The long-held notion that a wider pelvis has not evolved because it would be disadvantageous for bipedal locomotion has not yet been empirically verified. However, recent clinical and biomechanical studies suggest that a larger birth canal would compromise pelvic floor stability and increase the risk of incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Several mammals have neonates that are equally large or even larger than human neonates compared to the size of the maternal birth canal. In these species, the pubic symphysis opens widely to allow successful delivery. Biomechanical and developmental constraints imposed by bipedality have hindered this evolutionary solution in humans and led to the comparatively rigid pelvic girdle in pregnant women. Mathematical models have shown why the evolutionary compromise to these antagonistic selective factors inevitably involves a certain rate of fetopelvic disproportion. In addition, these models predict that cesarean deliveries have disrupted the evolutionary equilibrium and led to new and ongoing evolutionary changes. Different forms of assisted birth have existed since the stone age and have become an integral part of human reproduction. Paradoxically, by buffering selection, they may also have hindered the evolution of a larger birth canal. Many of the biological, environmental, and sociocultural factors that have influenced the evolution of the human birth canal vary globally and are subject to ongoing transitions. These differences may have contributed to the global variation in the form of the birth canal and the difficulty of labor, and they likely continue to change human reproductive anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mitteroecker
- Unit for Theoretical Biology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Fischer
- Unit for Theoretical Biology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Páez-Vacas MI, Funk WC. Thermal limits along tropical elevational gradients: Poison frog tadpoles show plasticity but maintain divergence across elevation. J Therm Biol 2024; 120:103815. [PMID: 38402728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Temperature is arguably one of the most critical environmental factors impacting organisms at molecular, organismal, and ecological levels. Temperature variation across elevation may cause divergent selection in physiological critical thermal limits (CTMAX and CTMIN). Generally, high elevation populations are predicted to withstand lower environmental temperatures than low elevation populations. Organisms can also exhibit phenotypic plasticity when temperature varies, although theory and empirical evidence suggest that tropical ectotherms have relatively limited ability to acclimate. To study the effect of temperature variation along elevational transects on thermal limits, we measured CTMAX and CTMIN of 934 tadpoles of a poison frog species, Epipedobates anthonyi, along two elevational gradients (200-1700 m asl) in southwestern Ecuador to investigate their thermal tolerance across elevation. We also tested if tadpoles could plastically shift their critical thermal limits in response to exposure to different temperatures representing the range of temperatures they experience in nature (20 °C, 24 °C, and 28 °C). Overall, we found that CTMAX did not change across elevation. In contrast, CTMIN was lower at higher elevations, suggesting that elevational variation in temperature influences this thermal trait. Moreover, all populations shifted their CTMAX and CTMIN according to treatment temperatures, demonstrating an acclimation response. Overall, trends in CTMIN among high, mid, and low elevation populations were maintained despite plastic responses to treatment temperature. These results demonstrate that, for tadpoles of E. anthonyi across tropical elevational gradients, temperature acts as a selective force for CTMIN, even when populations show acclimation abilities in both, CTMAX and CTMIN. Our findings advance our understanding on how environmental variation affects organisms' evolutionary trajectories and their abilities to persist in a changing climate in a tropical biodiversity hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica I Páez-Vacas
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb), Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Av. Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador; Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Centro Jambatu de Investigación y Conservación de Anfibios, Fundación Jambatu, San Rafael, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - W Chris Funk
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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13
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Yang Y, Axelrod CJ, Grant E, Earl SR, Urquhart EM, Talbert K, Johnson LE, Walker Z, Hsiao K, Stone I, Carlson BA, López-Sepulcre A, Gordon SP. Evolutionary divergence of developmental plasticity and learning of mating tactics in Trinidadian guppies. J Anim Ecol 2023. [PMID: 38156548 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural plasticity is a major driver in the early stages of adaptation, but its effects in mediating evolution remain elusive because behavioural plasticity itself can evolve. In this study, we investigated how male Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) adapted to different predation regimes diverged in behavioural plasticity of their mating tactic. We reared F2 juveniles of high- or low-predation population origins with different combinations of social and predator cues and assayed their mating behaviour upon sexual maturity. High-predation males learned their mating tactic from conspecific adults as juveniles, while low-predation males did not. High-predation males increased courtship when exposed to chemical predator cues during development; low-predation males decreased courtship in response to immediate chemical predator cues, but only when they were not exposed to such cues during development. Behavioural changes induced by predator cues were associated with developmental plasticity in brain morphology, but changes acquired through social learning were not. We thus show that guppy populations diverged in their response to social and ecological cues during development, and correlational evidence suggests that different cues can shape the same behaviour via different neural mechanisms. Our study demonstrates that behavioural plasticity, both environmentally induced and socially learnt, evolves rapidly and shapes adaptation when organisms colonize ecologically divergent habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusan Yang
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Caleb J Axelrod
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Elly Grant
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shayna R Earl
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ellen M Urquhart
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Katie Talbert
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lauren E Johnson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zakiya Walker
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kyle Hsiao
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Isabel Stone
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bruce A Carlson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrés López-Sepulcre
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Swanne P Gordon
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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14
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Porter CK, Romero FG, Adams DC, Bowie RCK, Riddell EA. Adaptive and non-adaptive convergent evolution in feather reflectance of California Channel Islands songbirds. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231914. [PMID: 37964520 PMCID: PMC10646447 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Convergent evolution is widely regarded as a signature of adaptation. However, testing the adaptive consequences of convergent phenotypes is challenging, making it difficult to exclude non-adaptive explanations for convergence. Here, we combined feather reflectance spectra and phenotypic trajectory analyses with visual and thermoregulatory modelling to test the adaptive significance of dark plumage in songbirds of the California Channel Islands. By evolving dark dorsal plumage, island birds are generally less conspicuous to visual-hunting raptors in the island environment than mainland birds. Dark dorsal plumage also reduces the energetic demands associated with maintaining homeothermy in the cool island climate. We also found an unexpected pattern of convergence, wherein the most divergent island populations evolved greater reflectance of near-infrared radiation. However, our heat flux models indicate that elevated near-infrared reflectance is not adaptive. Analysis of feather microstructure suggests that mainland-island differences are related to coloration of feather barbs and barbules rather than their structure. Our results indicate that adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms interact to drive plumage evolution in this system. This study sheds light on the mechanisms driving the association between dark colour and wet, cold environments across the tree of life, especially in island birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody K. Porter
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Faye G. Romero
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Dean C. Adams
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rauri C. K. Bowie
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Eric A. Riddell
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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15
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Pinsky ML, Clark RD, Bos JT. Coral Reef Population Genomics in an Age of Global Change. Annu Rev Genet 2023; 57:87-115. [PMID: 37384733 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-102748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are both exceptionally biodiverse and threatened by climate change and other human activities. Here, we review population genomic processes in coral reef taxa and their importance for understanding responses to global change. Many taxa on coral reefs are characterized by weak genetic drift, extensive gene flow, and strong selection from complex biotic and abiotic environments, which together present a fascinating test of microevolutionary theory. Selection, gene flow, and hybridization have played and will continue to play an important role in the adaptation or extinction of coral reef taxa in the face of rapid environmental change, but research remains exceptionally limited compared to the urgent needs. Critical areas for future investigation include understanding evolutionary potential and the mechanisms of local adaptation, developing historical baselines, and building greater research capacity in the countries where most reef diversity is concentrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin L Pinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
| | - René D Clark
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jaelyn T Bos
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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16
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Bodelón A, Fablet M, Siqueira de Oliveira D, Vieira C, García Guerreiro MP. Impact of Heat Stress on Transposable Element Expression and Derived Small RNAs in Drosophila subobscura. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad189. [PMID: 37847062 PMCID: PMC10627563 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming is forcing insect populations to move and adapt, triggering adaptive genetic responses. Thermal stress is known to alter gene expression, repressing the transcription of active genes, and inducing others, such as those encoding heat shock proteins. It has also been related to the activation of some specific transposable element (TE) families. However, the actual magnitude of this stress on the whole genome and the factors involved in these genomic changes are still unclear. We studied mRNAs and small RNAs in gonads of two Drosophila subobscura populations, considered a good model to study adaptation to temperature changes. In control conditions, we found that a few genes and TE families were differentially expressed between populations, pointing out their putative involvement in the adaptation of populations to their different environments. Under heat stress, sex-specific changes in gene expression together with a trend toward overexpression, mainly of heat shock response-related genes, were observed. We did not observe large changes of TE expression nor small RNA production due to stress. Only population and sex-specific expression changes of some TE families (mainly retrotransposons), or the amounts of siRNAs and piRNAs, derived from specific TE families were observed, as well as the piRNA production from some piRNA clusters. Changes in small RNA amounts and TE expression could not be clearly correlated, indicating that other factors as chromatin modulation could also be involved. This work provides the first whole transcriptomic study including genes, TEs, and small RNAs after a heat stress in D. subobscura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Bodelón
- Grup de Genòmica, Bioinformática i Biologia Evolutiva, Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia (Edifici C), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Fablet
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS; UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Siqueira de Oliveira
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS; UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Vieira
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS; UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maria Pilar García Guerreiro
- Grup de Genòmica, Bioinformática i Biologia Evolutiva, Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia (Edifici C), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Jones GM, Goldberg JF, Wilcox TM, Buckley LB, Parr CL, Linck EB, Fountain ED, Schwartz MK. Fire-driven animal evolution in the Pyrocene. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:1072-1084. [PMID: 37479555 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Fire regimes are a major agent of evolution in terrestrial animals. Changing fire regimes and the capacity for rapid evolution in wild animal populations suggests the potential for rapid, fire-driven adaptive animal evolution in the Pyrocene. Fire drives multiple modes of evolutionary change, including stabilizing, directional, disruptive, and fluctuating selection, and can strongly influence gene flow and genetic drift. Ongoing and future research in fire-driven animal evolution will benefit from further development of generalizable hypotheses, studies conducted in highly responsive taxa, and linking fire-adapted phenotypes to their underlying genetic basis. A better understanding of evolutionary responses to fire has the potential to positively influence conservation strategies that embrace evolutionary resilience to fire in the Pyrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M Jones
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
| | - Joshua F Goldberg
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA
| | - Taylor M Wilcox
- National Genomics Center for Fish and Wildlife Conservation, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT 59801, USA
| | - Lauren B Buckley
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Catherine L Parr
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5TR, UK; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, South Africa
| | - Ethan B Linck
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Emily D Fountain
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michael K Schwartz
- National Genomics Center for Fish and Wildlife Conservation, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT 59801, USA
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18
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Cabon V, Pincebourde S, Colinet H, Dubreuil V, Georges R, Launoy M, Pétillon J, Quénol H, Bergerot B. Preferred temperature in the warmth of cities: Body size, sex and development stage matter more than urban climate in a ground-dwelling spider. J Therm Biol 2023; 117:103706. [PMID: 37714112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Most ectotherms rely on behavioural thermoregulation to maintain body temperatures close to their physiological optimum. Hence, ectotherms can drastically limit their exposure to thermal extremes by selecting a narrower range of temperatures, which includes their preferred temperature (Tpref). Despite evidence that behavioural thermoregulation can be adjusted by phenotypic plasticity or constrained by natural selection, intraspecific Tpref variations across environmental gradients remain overlooked as compared to other thermal traits like thermal tolerance. Here, we analyzed Tpref variation of spider populations found along a gradient of urban heat island (UHI) which displays large thermal variations over small distances. We measured two components of the thermal preference, namely the mean Tpref and the Tpref range (i.e., standard deviation) in 557 field-collected individuals of a common ground-dwelling spider (Pardosa saltans, Lycosidae) using a laboratory thermal gradient. We determined if Tpref values differed among ten populations from contrasting thermal zones. We showed that endogenous factors such as body size or sex primarily determine both mean Tpref and Tpref range. The Tpref range was also linked to the UHI intensity to a lesser extent, yet only in juveniles. The absence of relationship between Tpref metrics and UHI in adult spiders suggests a Bogert effect according to which the ability of individuals to detect and exploit optimal microclimates weakens the selection pressure of temperatures (here driven by UHI) on their thermal physiology. Alternatively, this lack of relationship could also indicate that temperature patterns occurring at the scale of the spiders' micro-habitat differ from measured ones. This study shows the importance of considering both inter-individual and inter-population variations of the Tpref range when conducting Tpref experiments, and supports Tpref range as being a relevant measure to inform on the strength of behavioural thermoregulation in a given population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Cabon
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France; LTSER ZA Armorique, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Sylvain Pincebourde
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR 7261, CNRS, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Hervé Colinet
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | | | - Romain Georges
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France; LTSER ZA Armorique, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Maud Launoy
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Pétillon
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Hervé Quénol
- University of Rennes 2, CNRS, LETG, UMR 6554, Rennes, France
| | - Benjamin Bergerot
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France; LTSER ZA Armorique, F-35000, Rennes, France
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19
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Ashe‐Jepson E, Hayes MP, Hitchcock GE, Wingader K, Turner EC, Bladon AJ. Day-flying lepidoptera larvae have a poorer ability to thermoregulate than adults. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10623. [PMID: 37854314 PMCID: PMC10580006 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes to ambient temperatures under climate change may detrimentally impact small ectotherms that rely on their environment for thermoregulation; however, there is currently a limited understanding of insect larval thermoregulation. As holometabolous insects, Lepidoptera differ in morphology, ecology and behaviour across the life cycle, and so it is likely that adults and larvae differ in their capacity to thermoregulate. In this study, we investigated the thermoregulatory capacity (buffering ability) of 14 species of day-flying Lepidoptera, whether this is influenced by body length or gregariousness, and whether it differs between adult and larval life stages. We also investigated what thermoregulation mechanisms are used: microclimate selection (choosing locations with a particular temperature) or behavioural thermoregulation (controlling temperature through other means, such as basking). We found that Lepidoptera larvae differ in their buffering ability between species and body lengths, but gregariousness did not influence buffering ability. Larvae are worse at buffering themselves against changes in air temperature than adults. Therefore Lepidoptera may be more vulnerable to adverse temperature conditions during their larval life stage. Adults and larvae rely on different thermoregulatory mechanisms; adults primarily use behavioural thermoregulation, whereas larvae use microclimate selection. This implies that larvae are highly dependent on the area around their foodplant for effective thermoregulation. These findings have implications for the management of land and species, for example, highlighting the importance of creating and preserving microclimates and vegetation complexity surrounding Lepidoptera foodplants for larval thermoregulation under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gwen E. Hitchcock
- The Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and NorthamptonshireCambridgeUK
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20
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Bodensteiner BL, Iverson JB, Lea CA, Milne-Zelman CL, Mitchell TS, Refsnider JM, Voves K, Warner DA, Janzen FJ. Mother knows best: nest-site choice homogenizes embryo thermal environments among populations in a widespread ectotherm. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220155. [PMID: 37427473 PMCID: PMC10331915 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Species with large geographical ranges provide an excellent model for studying how different populations respond to dissimilar local conditions, particularly with respect to variation in climate. Maternal effects, such as nest-site choice greatly affect offspring phenotypes and survival. Thus, maternal behaviour has the potential to mitigate the effects of divergent climatic conditions across a species' range. We delineated natural nesting areas of six populations of painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) that span a broad latitudinal range and quantified spatial and temporal variation in nest characteristics. To quantify microhabitats available for females to choose, we also identified sites within the nesting area of each location that were representative of available thermal microhabitats. Across the range, females nested non-randomly and targeted microhabitats that generally had less canopy cover and thus higher nest temperatures. Nest microhabitats differed among locations but did not predictably vary with latitude or historic mean air temperature during embryonic development. In conjunction with other studies of these populations, our results suggest that nest-site choice is homogenizing nest environments, which buffers embryos from thermally induced selection and could slow embryonic evolution. Thus, although effective at a macroclimatic scale, nest-site choice is unlikely to compensate for novel stressors that rapidly increase local temperatures. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolutionary ecology of nests: a cross-taxon approach'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Bodensteiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - John B. Iverson
- Department of Biology, Earlham College, Richmond, IN 60071, USA
| | - Carter A. Lea
- Office of Research Proposal Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | | | - Timothy S. Mitchell
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jeanine M. Refsnider
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | | | - Daniel A. Warner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Fredric J. Janzen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA
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21
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Cicchino AS, Ghalambor CK, Funk WC. Linking critical thermal maximum to mortality from thermal stress in a cold-water frog. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20230106. [PMID: 37311548 PMCID: PMC10264101 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimates of organismal thermal tolerance are frequently used to assess physiological risk from warming, yet the assumption that these estimates are predictive of mortality has been called into question. We tested this assumption in the cold-water-specialist frog, Ascaphus montanus. For seven populations, we used dynamic experimental assays to measure tadpole critical thermal maximum (CTmax) and measured mortality from chronic thermal stress for 3 days at different temperatures. We tested the relationship between previously estimated population CTmax and observed mortality, as well as the strength of CTmax as a predictor of mortality compared to local stream temperatures capturing varying timescales. Populations with higher CTmax experienced significantly less mortality in the warmest temperature treatment (25°C). We also found that population CTmax outperformed stream temperature metrics as the top predictor of observed mortality. These results demonstrate a clear link between CTmax and mortality from thermal stress, contributing evidence that CTmax is a relevant metric for physiological vulnerability assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S. Cicchino
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Cameron K. Ghalambor
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - W. Chris Funk
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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22
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Marchetti JR, Beard KH, Virgin EE, Lewis EL, Hess SC, Ki KC, Sermersheim LO, Furtado AP, French SS. Invasive frogs show persistent physiological differences to elevation and acclimate to colder temperatures. J Therm Biol 2023; 114:103590. [PMID: 37267784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The coqui frog (Eleutherodactylus coqui) was introduced to the island of Hawai'i in the 1980s and has spread across much of the island. Concern remains that this frog will continue to expand its range and invade higher elevation habitats where much of the island's endemic species are found. We determined whether coqui thermal tolerance and physiology change along Hawai'i's elevational gradients. We measured physiological responses using a short-term experiment to determine baseline tolerance and physiology by elevation, and a long-term experiment to determine the coqui's ability to acclimate to different temperatures. We collected frogs from low, medium, and high elevations. After both the short and long-term experiments, we measured critical thermal minimum (CTmin), blood glucose, oxidative stress, and corticosterone levels. CTmin was lower in high elevation frogs than low elevation frogs after the short acclimation experiment, signifying that they acclimate to local conditions. After the extended acclimation, CTmin was lower in frogs acclimated to cold temperatures compared to warm-acclimated frogs and no longer varied by elevation. Blood glucose levels were positively correlated with elevation even after the extended acclimation, suggesting glucose may also be related to lower temperatures. Oxidative stress was higher in females than males, and corticosterone was not significantly related to any predictor variables. The extended acclimation experiment showed that coquis can adjust their thermal tolerance to different temperatures over a 3-week period, suggesting the expansion of coqui into higher elevation habitats may still be possible, and they may not be as restricted by cold temperatures as previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack R Marchetti
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Karen H Beard
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
| | - Emily E Virgin
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Erin L Lewis
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Steven C Hess
- USDA APHIS-WS National Wildlife Research Center, Hawaii Field Station, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Kwanho C Ki
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Layne O Sermersheim
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Adriana P Furtado
- Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910900, Brazil
| | - Susannah S French
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
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23
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Dallas JW, Warne RW. Ranavirus infection does not reduce heat tolerance in a larval amphibian. J Therm Biol 2023; 114:103584. [PMID: 37209633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Extreme heat events and emerging infectious diseases negatively impact wildlife populations, but the interacting effects of infection and host heat tolerance remain understudied. The few studies covering this subject have demonstrated that pathogens lower the heat tolerance of their hosts, which places infected hosts at a greater risk experiencing lethal heat stress. Here, we studied how ranavirus infection influenced heat tolerance in larval wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus). In line with similar studies, we predicted the elevated costs of ranavirus infection would lower heat tolerance, measured as critical thermal maximum (CTmax), compared to uninfected controls. Ranavirus infection did not reduce CTmax and there was a positive relationship between CTmax and viral loads. Our results demonstrate that ranavirus-infected wood frog larvae had no loss in heat tolerance compared to uninfected larvae, even at viral loads associated with high mortality rates, which contradicts the common pattern for other pathogenic infections in ectotherms. Larval anurans may prioritize maintenance of their CTmax when infected with ranavirus to promote selection of warmer temperatures during behavioral fever that can improve pathogen clearance. Our study represents the first to examine the effect of ranavirus infection on host heat tolerance, and because no decline in CTmax was observed, this suggests that infected hosts would not be under greater risk of heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Dallas
- School of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1125 Lincoln Street, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
| | - Robin W Warne
- School of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1125 Lincoln Street, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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24
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Wund MA, Stevens DR. An introduction to the Special Issue honouring Susan A. Foster. Anim Behav 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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25
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Rubalcaba JG, Gouveia SF, Villalobos F, Olalla-Tárraga MÁ, Sunday J. Climate drives global functional trait variation in lizards. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:524-534. [PMID: 36878986 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in ecology and evolution is to disentangle the mechanisms driving broad-scale variation in biological traits such as body size, colour, thermal physiology traits and behaviour. Climate has long been thought to drive trait evolution and abiotic filtering of trait variation in ectotherms because their thermal performance and fitness are closely related to environmental conditions. However, previous studies investigating climatic variables associated with trait variation have lacked a mechanistic description of the underpinning processes. Here, we use a mechanistic model to predict how climate affects thermal performance of ectotherms and thereby the direction and strength of the effect of selection on different functional traits. We show that climate drives macro-evolutionary patterns in body size, cold tolerance and preferred body temperatures among lizards, and that trait variation is more constrained in regions where selection is predicted to be stronger. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for observations on how climate drives trait variation in ectotherms through its effect on thermal performance. By connecting physical, physiological and macro-evolutionary principles, the model and results provide an integrative, mechanistic framework for predicting organismal responses to present climates and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan G Rubalcaba
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sidney F Gouveia
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | | | - Miguel Á Olalla-Tárraga
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer Sunday
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Garcia-Costoya G, Williams CE, Faske TM, Moorman JD, Logan ML. Evolutionary constraints mediate extinction risk under climate change. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:529-539. [PMID: 36756845 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that rapid evolutionary adaptation may rescue some organisms from the impacts of climate change. However, evolutionary constraints might hinder this process, especially when different aspects of environmental change generate antagonistic selection on genetically correlated traits. Here, we use individual-based simulations to explore how genetic correlations underlying the thermal physiology of ectotherms might influence their responses to the two major components of climate change-increases in mean temperature and thermal variability. We found that genetic correlations can influence population dynamics under climate change, with declines in population size varying three-fold depending on the type of correlation present. Surprisingly, populations whose thermal performance curves were constrained by genetic correlations often declined less rapidly than unconstrained populations. Our results suggest that accurate forecasts of the impact of climate change on ectotherms will require an understanding of the genetic architecture of the traits under selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jacob D Moorman
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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27
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Harrison JS, Patek SN. Developing elastic mechanisms: ultrafast motion and cavitation emerge at the millimeter scale in juvenile snapping shrimp. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:287686. [PMID: 36854255 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Organisms such as jumping froghopper insects and punching mantis shrimp use spring-based propulsion to achieve fast motion. Studies of elastic mechanisms have primarily focused on fully developed and functional mechanisms in adult organisms. However, the ontogeny and development of these mechanisms can provide important insights into the lower size limits of spring-based propulsion, the ecological or behavioral relevance of ultrafast movement, and the scaling of ultrafast movement. Here, we examined the development of the spring-latch mechanism in the bigclaw snapping shrimp, Alpheus heterochaelis (Alpheidae). Adult snapping shrimp use an enlarged claw to produce high-speed strikes that generate cavitation bubbles. However, until now, it was unclear when the elastic mechanism emerges during development and whether juvenile snapping shrimp can generate cavitation at this size. We reared A. heterochaelis from eggs, through their larval and postlarval stages. Starting 1 month after hatching, the snapping shrimp snapping claw gradually developed a spring-actuated mechanism and began snapping. We used high-speed videography (300,000 frames s-1) to measure juvenile snaps. We discovered that juvenile snapping shrimp generate the highest recorded accelerations (5.8×105±3.3×105 m s-2) for repeated-use, underwater motion and are capable of producing cavitation at the millimeter scale. The angular velocity of snaps did not change as juveniles grew; however, juvenile snapping shrimp with larger claws produced faster linear speeds and generated larger, longer-lasting cavitation bubbles. These findings establish the development of the elastic mechanism and cavitation in snapping shrimp and provide insights into early life-history transitions in spring-actuated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S N Patek
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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28
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Dezetter M, Le Galliard JF, Lourdais O. Behavioural hydroregulation protects against acute effects of drought in a dry-skinned ectotherm. Oecologia 2023; 201:355-367. [PMID: 36564481 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During extreme climate events, behavioural thermoregulation may buffer ectotherms from thermal stress and overheating. However, heatwaves are also combined with dry spells and limited water availability, and how much individuals can behaviourally mitigate dehydration risks through microclimate selection remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the behavioural and physiological responses to changes in air and microhabitat humidity in a terrestrial ectotherm, the asp viper (Vipera aspis). We exposed individuals to a simulated heatwave together with water deprivation for 3 weeks, and manipulated air water vapour density (wet air vs. dry air) and microclimate (wet shelter vs. dry shelter) in a two-by-two factorial design. Dry air conditions led to substantial physiological dehydration and muscle wasting. Vipers exposed to dry air used more often a shelter that offered a moist microclimate, which reduced dehydration and muscle wasting at the individual level. These results provide the first experimental evidence that active behavioural hydroregulation can mitigate specific physiological stress responses caused by a dry spell in an ectotherm. Future studies investigating organismal responses to climate change should consider moisture gradient in the habitat and integrate both hydroregulation and thermoregulation behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Dezetter
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, UMR 7618, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), Tours 44-45, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
- Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, UMR 7618, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), Tours 44-45, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
- Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de Recherche en écologie expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 78 rue du château, 77140, Saint-Pierre-Lès-Nemours, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4501, USA
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29
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Chabaud C, Berroneau M, Berroneau M, Dupoué A, Guillon M, Viton R, Gavira RSB, Clobert J, Lourdais O, Le Galliard JF. Climate aridity and habitat drive geographical variation in morphology and thermo-hydroregulation strategies of a widespread lizard species. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Thermo-hydroregulation strategies involve concurrent changes in functional traits related to energy, water balance and thermoregulation and play a key role in determining life-history traits and population demography of terrestrial ectotherms. Local thermal and hydric conditions should be important drivers of the geographical variation of thermo-hydroregulation strategies, but we lack studies that examine these changes across climatic gradients in different habitat types. Here, we investigated intraspecific variation of morphology and thermo-hydroregulation traits in the widespread European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara louislantzi) across a multidimensional environmental gradient involving independent variation in air temperature and rainfall and differences in habitat features (access to free-standing water and forest cover). We sampled adult males for morphology, resting metabolic rate, total and cutaneous evaporative water loss and thermal preferences in 15 populations from the rear to the leading edge of the distribution across an elevational gradient ranging from sea level to 1750 m. Besides a decrease in adult body size with increasing environmental temperatures, we found little effect of thermal conditions on thermo-hydroregulation strategies. In particular, relict lowland populations from the warm rear edge showed no specific ecophysiological adaptations. Instead, body mass, body condition and resting metabolic rate were positively associated with a rainfall gradient, while forest cover and water access in the habitat throughout the season also influenced cutaneous evaporative water loss. Our study emphasizes the importance of rainfall and habitat features rather than thermal conditions for geographical variation in lizard morphology and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Chabaud
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
| | | | - Maud Berroneau
- Cistude Nature, Chemin du Moulinat , 33185 Le Haillan , France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
| | - Michaël Guillon
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
- Cistude Nature, Chemin du Moulinat , 33185 Le Haillan , France
| | - Robin Viton
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Rodrigo S B Gavira
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS , UMR 5321, Route du CNRS, Moulis , France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
- École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance) , 78 rue du château, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours , France
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30
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Gutiérrez‐Pesquera LM, Tejedo M, Camacho A, Enriquez‐Urzelai U, Katzenberger M, Choda M, Pintanel P, Nicieza AG. Phenology and plasticity can prevent adaptive clines in thermal tolerance across temperate mountains: The importance of the elevation-time axis. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9349. [PMID: 36225839 PMCID: PMC9534760 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical thermal limits (CTmax and CTmin) decrease with elevation, with greater change in CTmin, and the risk to suffer heat and cold stress increasing at the gradient ends. A central prediction is that populations will adapt to the prevailing climatic conditions. Yet, reliable support for such expectation is scant because of the complexity of integrating phenotypic, molecular divergence and organism exposure. We examined intraspecific variation of CTmax and CTmin, neutral variation for 11 microsatellite loci, and micro- and macro-temperatures in larvae from 11 populations of the Galician common frog (Rana parvipalmata) across an elevational gradient, to assess (1) the existence of local adaptation through a PST-FST comparison, (2) the acclimation scope in both thermal limits, and (3) the vulnerability to suffer acute heat and cold thermal stress, measured at both macro- and microclimatic scales. Our study revealed significant microgeographic variation in CTmax and CTmin, and unexpected elevation gradients in pond temperatures. However, variation in CTmax and CTmin could not be attributed to selection because critical thermal limits were not correlated to elevation or temperatures. Differences in breeding phenology among populations resulted in exposure to higher and more variable temperatures at mid and high elevations. Accordingly, mid- and high-elevation populations had higher CTmax and CTmin plasticities than lowland populations, but not more extreme CTmax and CTmin. Thus, our results support the prediction that plasticity and phenological shifts may hinder local adaptation, promoting thermal niche conservatism. This may simply be a consequence of a coupled variation of reproductive timing with elevation (the "elevation-time axis" for temperature variation). Mid and high mountain populations of R. parvipalmata are more vulnerable to heat and cool impacts than lowland populations during the aquatic phase. All of this contradicts some of the existing predictions on adaptive thermal clines and vulnerability to climate change in elevational gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Tejedo
- Department of Evolutionary EcologyEstación Biológica de Doñana, CSICSevillaSpain
| | - Agustín Camacho
- Department of Evolutionary EcologyEstación Biológica de Doñana, CSICSevillaSpain
| | | | - Marco Katzenberger
- Department of Evolutionary EcologyEstación Biológica de Doñana, CSICSevillaSpain
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of GeneticsUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifePrince Edward IslandBrazil
| | - Magdalena Choda
- Department of Organisms and Systems BiologyUniversity of OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Pol Pintanel
- Department of Evolutionary EcologyEstación Biológica de Doñana, CSICSevillaSpain
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología and Museo de Zoología (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica del EcuadorQuitoEcuador
| | - Alfredo G. Nicieza
- Department of Organisms and Systems BiologyUniversity of OviedoOviedoSpain
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB)University of Oviedo‐Principality of Asturias‐CSICMieresSpain
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31
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Friedman ST, Muñoz MM. The Effect of Thermally Robust Ballistic Mechanisms on Climatic Niche in Salamanders. Integr Org Biol 2022; 4:obac020. [PMID: 35975191 PMCID: PMC9375770 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organismal functions are temperature-dependent due to the contractile properties of muscle. Spring-based mechanisms offer a thermally robust alternative to temperature-sensitive muscular movements and may correspondingly expand a species' climatic niche by partially decoupling the relationship between temperature and performance. Using the ballistic tongues of salamanders as a case study, we explore whether the thermal robustness of elastic feeding mechanisms increases climatic niche breadth, expands geographic range size, and alters the dynamics of niche evolution. Combining phylogenetic comparative methods with global climate data, we find that the feeding mechanism imparts no discernable signal on either climatic niche properties or the evolutionary dynamics of most climatic niche parameters. Although biomechanical innovation in feeding influences many features of whole-organism performance, it does not appear to drive macro-climatic niche evolution in salamanders. We recommend that future work incorporate micro-scale environmental data to better capture the conditions that salamanders experience, and we discuss a few outstanding questions in this regard. Overall, this study lays the groundwork for an investigation into the evolutionary relationships between climatic niche and biomechanical traits in ectotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Friedman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511,USA
| | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511,USA
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32
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Leith NT, Fowler-Finn KD, Moore MP. Evolutionary interactions between thermal ecology and sexual selection. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1919-1936. [PMID: 35831230 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thermal ecology and mate competition are both pervasive features of ecological adaptation. A surge of recent work has uncovered the diversity of ways in which temperature affects mating interactions and sexual selection. However, the potential for thermal biology and reproductive ecology to evolve together as organisms adapt to their thermal environment has been underappreciated. Here, we develop a series of hypotheses regarding (1) not only how thermal ecology affects mating system dynamics, but also how mating dynamics can generate selection on thermal traits; and (2) how the thermal consequences of mate competition favour the reciprocal co-adaptation of thermal biology and sexual traits. We discuss our hypotheses in the context of both pre-copulatory and post-copulatory processes. We also call for future work integrating experimental and phylogenetic comparative approaches to understand evolutionary feedbacks between thermal ecology and sexual selection. Overall, studying reciprocal feedbacks between thermal ecology and sexual selection may be necessary to understand how organisms have adapted to the environments of the past and could persist in the environments of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Leith
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kasey D Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Living Earth Collaborative, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael P Moore
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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33
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Iglesias-Carrasco M, Wong BBM, Jennions MD. In the shadows: wildlife behaviour in tree plantations. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:838-850. [PMID: 35710479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Destruction of natural habitats for tree plantations is a major threat to wildlife. These novel environments elicit behavioural changes that can either be detrimental or beneficial to survival and reproduction, with population - and community - level consequences. However, compared with well-documented changes following other forms of habitat modification, we know little about wildlife behavioural responses to tree plantations, and even less about their associated fitness costs. Here, we highlight critical knowledge gaps in understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of behavioural shifts caused by tree plantations and discuss how wildlife responses to plantations could be critical in determining which species persist in these highly modified environments.
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Domínguez-Guerrero SF, Méndez-de la Cruz FR, Manríquez-Morán NL, Olson ME, Galina-Tessaro P, Arenas-Moreno DM, Bautista-Del Moral A, Benítez-Villaseñor A, Gadsden H, Lara-Reséndiz RA, Maciel-Mata CA, Muñoz-Nolasco FJ, Santos-Bibiano R, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Woolrich-Piña GA, Muñoz MM. Exceptional parallelisms characterize the evolutionary transition to live birth in phrynosomatid lizards. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2881. [PMID: 35610218 PMCID: PMC9130271 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30535-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Viviparity, an innovation enhancing maternal control over developing embryos, has evolved >150 times in vertebrates, and has been proposed as an adaptation to inhabit cold habitats. Yet, the behavioral, physiological, morphological, and life history features associated with live-bearing remain unclear. Here, we capitalize on repeated origins of viviparity in phrynosomatid lizards to tease apart the phenotypic patterns associated with this innovation. Using data from 125 species and phylogenetic approaches, we find that viviparous phrynosomatids repeatedly evolved a more cool-adjusted thermal physiology than their oviparous relatives. Through precise thermoregulatory behavior viviparous phrynosomatids are cool-adjusted even in warm environments, and oviparous phrynosomatids warm-adjusted even in cool environments. Convergent behavioral shifts in viviparous species reduce energetic demand during activity, which may help offset the costs of protracted gestation. Whereas dam and offspring body size are similar among both parity modes, annual fecundity repeatedly decreases in viviparous lineages. Thus, viviparity is associated with a lower energetic allocation into production. Together, our results indicate that oviparity and viviparity are on opposing ends of the fast-slow life history continuum in both warm and cool environments. In this sense, the ‘cold climate hypothesis’ fits into a broader range of energetic/life history trade-offs that influence transitions to viviparity. There have been five independent transitions from egg laying to live birth in the phrynosomatid lizards. Here, Domínguez-Guerrero et al. identify parallel changes in physiology, life history and behaviour that characterize these transitions to live birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl F Domínguez-Guerrero
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México. .,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | - Norma L Manríquez-Morán
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - Mark E Olson
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patricia Galina-Tessaro
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S. C., 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Diego M Arenas-Moreno
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adán Bautista-Del Moral
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adriana Benítez-Villaseñor
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Héctor Gadsden
- Instituto de Ecología, A. C., 61600, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México
| | - Rafael A Lara-Reséndiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S. C., 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Maciel-Mata
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - Francisco J Muñoz-Nolasco
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rufino Santos-Bibiano
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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