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Zhang K, Liu X, Luo P, Li Z, Zhao H, Li D, Liu Z, Zhang B, Shen C. Upregulation of IDO gene expression reduces the immunogenicity of epidermal cells and strengthens the immune protection of epidermal cells during transplantation treatment of wounds. Transpl Immunol 2024; 82:101987. [PMID: 38218230 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal cell transplantation is a feasible treatment option for large wounds; however, sources of autologous epidermal cells are often limited. Allogeneic epidermal cells can be cultured conveniently; however, related immune rejection needs to be addressed. Herein, we hypothesized that the immunogenicity of epidermal cells with high indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression may be reduced by gene transfection. METHODS/RESULTS To test this hypothesis, we obtained stable transfectants by transfecting epidermal stem cells with a lentiviral vector encoding the IDO gene and screening them for puromycin resistance (a marker for successful transfection). The phenotype tested using cell counting kit -8 and Transwell assays confirmed that IDO-transfected epidermal cells maintained their characteristics. Co-culture of IDO-transfected epidermal cells with allogeneic CD4+ T cells in vitro showed that the upregulation of IDO expression in epidermal cells inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ T cells (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively) and promoted their apoptosis (P = 0.00028, P = 0.0006, and P = 0.00247, respectively) and transformation into functional regulatory T cells (Tregs) (P = 0.0051, P = 0.0132, and P = 0.0248, respectively) compared with Con, NC, and 1-MT groups. The increased proportion of Tregs may be related to the overexpression of IDO, which promoted the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0013, and, P = 0.0009) and interleukin (IL) 10 (IL-10) (P = 0.0062, P = 0.0058, and P = 0.0119) while inhibited the expression of IL-2 (P = 0.0012, P = 0.0126, and P = 0.0066). We further verified these effects in vivo as transplanted IDO-transfected epidermal stem cells were effective in treating wounds in mice. On days 5 and 7, wounds treated with IDO cells healed faster than those in the other groups (day 5: P = 0.012 and P = 0.0136; day 7: P = 0.0242 and P = 0.0187, respectively), whereas this effect was significantly inhibited by 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT) (day 5: P = 0.0303; day 7: P = 0.0105). Immunofluorescence staining detected IDO and CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs in the transplanted wounds, which may promote Foxp3+ Tregs in the wound tissue (day 5: P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001; day 7: P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001), respectively) and decrease CD4+ T cells (day 5: P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001; day 7: P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the upregulation of IDO expression in epidermal stem cells can reduce their immunogenicity by promoting Tregs, thus inducing the immune protection of epidermal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Jinzhou Medical University, China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhu Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhisheng Li
- Jinzhou Medical University, China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- Jinzhou Medical University, China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxing Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanan Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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2
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Rhoiney ML, Alvizo CR, Jameson JM. Skin Homeostasis and Repair: A T Lymphocyte Perspective. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1266-1275. [PMID: 37844280 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic, nonhealing wounds remain a clinical challenge and a significant burden for the healthcare system. Skin-resident and infiltrating T cells that recognize pathogens, microbiota, or self-antigens participate in wound healing. A precise balance between proinflammatory T cells and regulatory T cells is required for the stages of wound repair to proceed efficiently. When diseases such as diabetes disrupt the skin microenvironment, T cell activation and function are altered, and wound repair is hindered. Recent studies have used cutting-edge technology to further define the cellular makeup of the skin prior to and during tissue repair. In this review, we discuss key advances that highlight mechanisms used by T cell subsets to populate the epidermis and dermis, maintain skin homeostasis, and regulate wound repair. Advances in our understanding of how skin cells communicate in the skin pave the way for therapeutics that modulate regulatory versus effector functions to improve nonhealing wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela L Rhoiney
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA
| | - Cristian R Alvizo
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA
| | - Julie M Jameson
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA
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3
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Li R, Rouse M, Pace BT, Grey SF, Mclaughlin K, Schobel SA, Simons MP. Host CD3 + T-cells can significantly modulate phage treatment effects on bacterial bioburden in mouse models. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1240176. [PMID: 37766890 PMCID: PMC10520710 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1240176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex system including such key players as host, microbe, and treatments. However, little is known about their dynamic interactions. Here we explored the interplay between: (1) bacterial bioburden and host immune responses, (2) bacterial bioburden and wound size, and (3) treatments and wound size, using murine models and various treatment modalities: Phosphate buffer saline (PBS or vehicle, negative control), doxycycline, and two doses of A. baumannii phage mixtures. We uncovered that the interplay between bacterial bioburden and host immune system may be bidirectional, and that there is an interaction between host CD3+ T-cells and phage dosage, which significantly impacts bacterial bioburden. Furthermore, the bacterial bioburden and wound size association is significantly modulated by the host CD3+ T-cells. When the host CD3+ T-cells (x on log10 scale) are in the appropriate range (1.35 < x < = 1.5), we observed a strong association between colony forming units (CFU) and wound size, indicating a hallmark of wound healing. On the basis of the findings and our previous work, we proposed an integrated parallel systems biology model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhua Li
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i), Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael Rouse
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i), Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brendon T. Pace
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Scott F. Grey
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i), Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kimberly Mclaughlin
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i), Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Seth A. Schobel
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i), Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark P. Simons
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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4
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Guo L, Zhu Z, Shi C, Jia Y, Nurzat Y, Su W, Zhang Y, Xu H. Drug suspending during wound healing effectively weakens immunosuppression-related complications by preserving CD8 + T cell function. Wound Repair Regen 2023; 31:489-499. [PMID: 37129099 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunosuppressive medications, which interfere with the activation and proliferation of T and B cells, increase the risk of wound healing complications. To address it, this study aimed to validate the feasibility of drug suspending during wound healing, whilst exploring the mechanisms exerted by T cells, which are important in the wound healing process. For this, a mouse skin wound model was set up. Tacrolimus (FK506) and fingolimod (FTY720) were both administered intraperitoneally prior to wounding to inhibit the T cell activation and migration, respectively. Flow-cytometric analysis subsequently revealed the functional T cell subtypes detected during the healing process. A CD8a antibody was also administered to deplete CD8+ T cells in vivo to verify their specific function. It was found that FK506 or FTY720 administration delayed the early phase of wound healing by reducing collagen production, which was also supported by the downregulation of col1a1, col3a1 and tgfb1. However, there was no significant difference in the total healing period. Both spleen- and skin-derived CD8+ T cells were proliferated and activated after injury without intervention, whereas CD4+ T cells showed no significant changes. Furthermore, selectively depleting CD8+ T cells retarded the healing process by downregulating collagen production-associated genes (col1a1, col3a1, tgfβ1 and en1) and proteins (collagen type 1 and 3). In addition, the CD8a antibody decreased the expression of genes lta, tnfa, il13 and il13ra, and protein interleukin-13Rα. In conclusion, suspending immunosuppressive drugs during wound healing was shown to be feasible through restraining the migration of activated T cells. CD8+ T cells represented the primary functional subtype positively associated with wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiumei Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Jia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeltai Nurzat
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Han C, Leonardo TR, Romana-Souza B, Shi J, Keiser S, Yuan H, Altakriti M, Ranzer MJ, Ferri-Borgogno S, Mok SC, Koh TJ, Hong SJ, Chen L, DiPietro LA. Microfibril-associated protein 5 and the regulation of skin scar formation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8728. [PMID: 37253753 PMCID: PMC10229580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many factors regulate scar formation, which yields a modified extracellular matrix (ECM). Among ECM components, microfibril-associated proteins have been minimally explored in the context of skin wound repair. Microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5), a small 25 kD serine and threonine rich microfibril-associated protein, influences microfibril function and modulates major extracellular signaling pathways. Though known to be associated with fibrosis and angiogenesis in certain pathologies, MFAP5's role in wound healing is unknown. Using a murine model of skin wound repair, we found that MFAP5 is significantly expressed during the proliferative and remodeling phases of healing. Analysis of existing single-cell RNA-sequencing data from mouse skin wounds identified two fibroblast subpopulations as the main expressors of MFAP5 during wound healing. Furthermore, neutralization of MFAP5 in healing mouse wounds decreased collagen deposition and refined angiogenesis without altering wound closure. In vitro, recombinant MFAP5 significantly enhanced dermal fibroblast migration, collagen contractility, and expression of pro-fibrotic genes. Additionally, TGF-ß1 increased MFAP5 expression and production in dermal fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that MFAP5 regulates fibroblast function and influences scar formation in healing wounds. Our work demonstrates a previously undescribed role for MFAP5 and suggests that microfibril-associated proteins may be significant modulators of wound healing outcomes and scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Han
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Trevor R Leonardo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruna Romana-Souza
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Junhe Shi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shalyn Keiser
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heidi Yuan
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohamad Altakriti
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew J Ranzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sammy Ferri-Borgogno
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samuel C Mok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J Koh
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seok Jong Hong
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Luisa A DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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6
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Stump M, Guo DF, Rahmouni K. T cell-specific deficiency in BBSome component BBS1 interferes with selective immune responses. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 324:R161-R170. [PMID: 36534590 PMCID: PMC9844976 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00243.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bsardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetic condition associated with various clinical features including cutaneous disorders and certain autoimmune and inflammatory diseases pointing to a potential role of BBS proteins in the regulation of immune function. BBS1 protein, which is a key component of the BBSome, a protein complex involved in the regulation of cilia function and other cellular processes, has been implicated in the immune synapse assembly by promoting the centrosome polarization to the antigen-presenting cells. Here, we assessed the effect of disrupting the BBSome, through Bbs1 gene deletion, in T cells. Interestingly, mice lacking the Bbs1 gene specifically in T cells (T-BBS1-/-) displayed normal body weight, adiposity, and glucose handling, but have smaller spleens. However, T-BBS1-/- mice had no change in the proportion and absolute number of B cells and T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes. There was also no alteration in the CD4/CD8 lineage commitment or survival in the thymus of T-BBS1-/- mice. On the other hand, T-BBS1-/- mice treated with Imiquimod dermally exhibited a significantly higher percentage of CD3-positive splenocytes that was due to CD4 but not CD8 T cell predominance. Notably, we found that T-BBS1-/- mice had significantly decreased wound closure, an effect that was more pronounced in males indicating that the BBSome plays an important role in T cell-mediated skin repair. Together, these findings implicate the BBSome in the regulation of selective functions of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeliene Stump
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Deng Fu Guo
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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7
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Chen R, Li Y, Zhuang Y, Zhang Y, Wu H, Lin T, Chen S. Immune evaluation of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor loaded hierarchically 3D nanofiber scaffolds in a humanized mice model. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1159068. [PMID: 37034265 PMCID: PMC10080111 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1159068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune evaluation of biomaterials for tissue regeneration is a critical preclinical evaluation. The current evaluation criterion (ISO 10993-1 or GB/T 16886) uses rodents to perform the immune evaluation. However, the immune system of rodents is different from humans, the obtained results may not be reliable, which could lead directly to the failure of clinical trials. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) shows a great potential application in tissue regeneration by regulating local immune responses. The presented work combines the advantages of GM-CSF (immunoregulation) and hierarchically 3D nanofiber scaffolds (tissue regeneration). Methods: Firstly, we fabricated GM-CSF loaded 3D radially aligned nanofiber scaffolds, and then subcutaneous implantation was performed in humanized mice. The whole scaffold and surrounding tissue were harvested at each indicated time point. Finally, the cell infiltration and local immune responses were detected by histological observations, including H&E and Masson staining and immunochemistry. Results: We found significant cell migration and extracellular matrix deposition within the 3D radially aligned nanofiber scaffold after subcutaneous implantation. The locally released GM-CSF could accelerate the expression of human dendritic cells (CD11c) only 3 days after subcutaneous implantation. Moreover, higher expression of human cytotoxic T cells (CD3+/CD8+), M1 macrophages (CD68/CCR7) was detected within GM-CSF loaded radially aligned nanofiber scaffolds and their surrounding tissues. Conclusions: The 3D radially aligned scaffold can accelerate cell migration from surrounding tissues to regenerate the wound area. And the locally released GM-CSF enhances dendritic cell recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T cells and M1 macrophages. Taken together, the GM-CSF loaded 3D radially aligned nanofiber scaffolds have a promising potential for achieving tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Zhuang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Hailong Wu, ; Tao Lin, ; Shixuan Chen,
| | - Tao Lin
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hailong Wu, ; Tao Lin, ; Shixuan Chen,
| | - Shixuan Chen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hailong Wu, ; Tao Lin, ; Shixuan Chen,
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8
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Xiong Y, Mi BB, Lin Z, Hu YQ, Yu L, Zha KK, Panayi AC, Yu T, Chen L, Liu ZP, Patel A, Feng Q, Zhou SH, Liu GH. The role of the immune microenvironment in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration: from mechanism to therapeutic opportunity. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:65. [PMID: 36401295 PMCID: PMC9675067 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting a variety of cell types, whose activity and interplay must be precisely mediated for effective healing post-injury. Although extensive strides have been made in the understanding of the immune microenvironment processes governing bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration, effective clinical translation of these mechanisms remains a challenge. Regulation of the immune microenvironment is increasingly becoming a favorable target for bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration; therefore, an in-depth understanding of the communication between immune cells and functional tissue cells would be valuable. Herein, we review the regulatory role of the immune microenvironment in the promotion and maintenance of stem cell states in the context of bone, cartilage, and soft tissue repair and regeneration. We discuss the roles of various immune cell subsets in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue repair and regeneration processes and introduce novel strategies, for example, biomaterial-targeting of immune cell activity, aimed at regulating healing. Understanding the mechanisms of the crosstalk between the immune microenvironment and regeneration pathways may shed light on new therapeutic opportunities for enhancing bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration through regulation of the immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo-Bin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi-Qiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Kang-Kang Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology,Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02152, USA
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Department of Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructure (CHyN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22761, Germany
| | - Zhen-Ping Liu
- Department of Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructure (CHyN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.,Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System,National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Anish Patel
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology,Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Shuan-Hu Zhou
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02120, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Guo-Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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9
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Human Umbilical Cord Lining-Derived Epithelial Cells: A Potential Source of Non-Native Epithelial Cells That Accelerate Healing in a Porcine Cutaneous Wound Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168918. [PMID: 36012184 PMCID: PMC9408523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord lining epithelial cells [CLECs) are naïve in nature and can be ethically recovered from cords that are routinely discarded. The success of using oral mucosal epithelial cells for cornea defects hints at the feasibility of treating cutaneous wounds using non-native CLECs. Herein, we characterized CLECs using flow cytometry (FC) and skin organotypic cultures in direct comparison with skin keratinocytes (KCs). This was followed by wound healing study to compare the effects of CLEC application and the traditional use of human skin allografts (HSGs) in a porcine wound model. While CLECs were found to express all the epidermal cell markers probed, the major difference between CLECs and KCs lies in the level of expression (in FC analysis) as well as in the location of expression (of the epithelium in organotypic cultures) of some of the basal cell markers probed. On the pig wounds, CLEC application promoted accelerated healing with no adverse reaction compared to HSG use. Though CLECs, like HSGs, elicited high levels of local and systemic immune responses in the animals during the first week, these effects were tapered off more quickly in the CLEC-treated group. Overall, the in vivo porcine data point to the potential of CLECs as a non-native and safe source of cells to treat cutaneous wounds.
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Jia W, He W, Wang G, Goldman J, Zhao F. Enhancement of Lymphangiogenesis by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200464. [PMID: 35678079 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) suspension for lymphedema treatment relies on conventional enzymatic digestion methods, which severely disrupts cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) connections, and drastically impairs cell retention and engraftment after transplantation. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the ability of hMSC-secreted ECM to augment lymphangiogenesis by using an in vitro coculturing model of hMSC sheets with lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and an in vivo mouse tail lymphedema model. Results demonstrate that the hMSC-secreted ECM augments the formation of lymphatic capillary-like structure by a factor of 1.2-3.6 relative to the hMSC control group, by serving as a prolymphangiogenic growth factor reservoir and facilitating cell regenerative activities. hMSC-derived ECM enhances MMP-2 mediated matrix remodeling, increases the synthesis of collagen IV and laminin, and promotes lymphatic microvessel-like structure formation. The injection of rat MSC sheet fragments into a mouse tail lymphedema model confirms the benefits of the hMSC-derived ECM by stimulating lymphangiogenesis and wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, Emerging Technologies Building, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Weilue He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Minerals & Materials Building, 1400 Townsend Drive, Room 309, Houghton, MI, 44931, USA
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Minerals & Materials Building, 1400 Townsend Drive, Room 309, Houghton, MI, 44931, USA
| | - Jeremy Goldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Minerals & Materials Building, 1400 Townsend Drive, Room 309, Houghton, MI, 44931, USA
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, Emerging Technologies Building, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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11
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Kolesnikoff N, Chen CH, Samuel M. Interrelationships between the extracellular matrix and the immune microenvironment that govern epithelial tumour progression. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:361-377. [PMID: 35260891 PMCID: PMC8907655 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumours are composed of cancer cells characterised by genetic mutations that underpin the disease, but also contain a suite of genetically normal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These two latter components are constituents of the tumour microenvironment (TME), and are key determinants of tumour biology and thereby the outcomes for patients. The tumour ECM has been the subject of intense research over the past two decades, revealing key biochemical and mechanobiological principles that underpin its role in tumour cell proliferation and survival. However, the ECM also strongly influences the genetically normal immune cells within the microenvironment, regulating not only their proliferation and survival, but also their differentiation and access to tumour cells. Here we review recent advances in our knowledge of how the ECM regulates the tumour immune microenvironment and vice versa, comparing normal skin wound healing to the pathological condition of tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Kolesnikoff
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chun-Hsien Chen
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Susithiran Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Short WD, Wang X, Keswani SG. The Role of T Lymphocytes in Cutaneous Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:121-131. [PMID: 34238032 PMCID: PMC8742284 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Cutaneous scarring affects millions of patients worldwide and results in significant financial and psychosocial burdens. Given the immune system's intricate involvement in the initiation and progression of wound healing, it is no surprise that the scarring outcome can be affected by the actions of various immune cells and the cytokines and growth factors they produce. Understanding the role of T cells in regulating immune responses and directing the action of wound mesenchymal cells is essential to developing antifibrotic therapies to reduce the burden of scarring. Recent Advances: As the immune system is intimately involved in wound healing, much work has examined the impact of T cells and their cytokines on the final wound outcome. New innovative tools for studying T cells have resulted in more sophisticated immunophenotyping capabilities and the ability to examine effects of individual cytokines in the wound environment. Critical Issues: Despite continued advances in the study of specific immune cells and their effects on dermal fibrosis, minimal progress has been made to modulate immune responses to result in improved wound cosmesis. Future Directions: The actions of T cells represent potential pharmacologic targets that could lead to novel bioengineered or immunoengineered therapies to improve the lives of people with cutaneous scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walker D. Short
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sundeep G. Keswani
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Immune Cells in Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review of Functional Data from Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052444. [PMID: 35269586 PMCID: PMC8910456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The healing of skin wounds involves the activation and recruitment of various immune cell types, many of which are believed to contribute significantly to different aspects of the repair process. Roles for immune cells have been described in practically all stages of wound healing, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and scar formation/remodeling. Over the last decade, tools to deplete immune cell populations in animal models have become more advanced, leading to a surge in the number of studies examining the function of specific immune cell types in skin repair. In this review, we will summarize what is known about distinct immune cell types in cutaneous wound healing, with an emphasis on data from animal studies in which specific cell types have been targeted.
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Deng H, Chen Y. The role of adipose-derived stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer: Trends and prospects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:902130. [PMID: 35966086 PMCID: PMC9363610 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.902130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer(DFU) is one of the most severe chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is mainly caused by peripheral vascular occlusion with various degrees of infection. Treatment of DFU is difficult, and ulcer formation in lower limbs and deep-tissue necrosis might lead to disability or even death. Insulin resistance is the major mechanism of type 2 diabetes mellitus development, largely caused by adipose tissue dysfunction. However, adipose tissue was recently identified as an important endocrine organ that secretes bio-active factors, such as adipokines and extracellular vesicles(EVs). And adipose tissue-derived stem cells(ADSCs) are abundant in adipose tissue and have become a hot topic in the tissue engineering field. In particular, EVs derived from ADSCs contain abundant biomarkers and mediators. These EVs exert significant effects on distant cells and organs, contributing to metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we aim to elaborate on the mechanisms of diabetic non-healing wound development and the role of ADSCs-EVs in wound repair, which might provide a new therapy for treating DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Deng
- Division of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Division of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Chen,
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15
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Franco-Valencia K, Nóbrega I, Cantaruti T, Barra A, Klein A, Azevedo-Jr G, Costa R, Carvalho C. Subcutaneous injection of an immunologically tolerated protein up to 5 days before skin injuries improves wound healing. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11735. [PMID: 35170683 PMCID: PMC8851940 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral tolerance blocks the development of specific immune responses to proteins ingested by the oral route. One of the first registries of oral tolerance showed that guinea pigs fed corn became refractory to hypersensitivity to corn proteins. Mice fed with chow containing corn are tolerant to zein, and parenteral injection of zein plus adjuvant blocks immunization to unrelated proteins injected concomitantly and reduces unspecific inflammation. Extensive and prolonged inflammatory infiltrate in the wound bed is one of the causes of pathological wound healing. Previous research shows that intraperitoneal injection of zein concomitant with skin injuries reduces the inflammatory infiltrate in the wound bed and improves wound healing. Herein, we tested if one subcutaneous injection of zein before skin injury improves wound healing. We also investigated how long the effects triggered by zein could improve skin wound healing. Mice fed zein received two excisional wounds on the interscapular skin under anesthesia. Zein plus Al(OH)3 was injected at the tail base at 10 min, or 3, 5, or 7 days before skin injuries. Wound healing was analyzed at days 7 and 40 after injury. Our results showed that a zein injection up to 5 days before skin injury reduced the inflammatory infiltrate, increased the number of T-cells in the wound bed, and improved the pattern of collagen deposition in the neodermis. These findings could promote the development of new strategies for the treatment and prevention of pathological healing using proteins normally found in the common diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - A. Barra
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - A. Klein
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - R.A. Costa
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Brasil
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16
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Janakiram NB, Valerio MS, Goldman SM, Dearth CL. The Role of the Inflammatory Response in Mediating Functional Recovery Following Composite Tissue Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413552. [PMID: 34948349 PMCID: PMC8705789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite tissue injuries (CTI) are common among US Military Service members during combat operations, and carry a high potential of morbidity. Furthermore, CTI are often complicated due to an altered wound healing response, resulting in part from a dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Unlike normal wound healing, in CTI, disruptions occur in innate immune responses, altering neutrophil functions, macrophage activation and polarization, further impacting the functions of T regulatory cells. Additionally, the biological underpinnings of these unfavorable wound healing conditions are multifactorial, including various processes, such as: ischemia, hypoxia, low nutrient levels, and altered cell metabolic pathways, among others, all of which are thought to trigger anergy in immune cells and destabilize adaptive immune responses. As a result, impaired wound healing is common in CTI. Herein, we review the altered innate and adaptive immune cells and their metabolic status and responses following CTI, and discuss the role a multi-pronged immunomodulatory approach may play in facilitating improved outcomes for afflicted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveena B. Janakiram
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (N.B.J.); (M.S.V.); (S.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Michael S. Valerio
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (N.B.J.); (M.S.V.); (S.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Stephen M. Goldman
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (N.B.J.); (M.S.V.); (S.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (N.B.J.); (M.S.V.); (S.M.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(301)-319-2461
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Abstract
Numerous individuals suffer from impaired wound healing, such as chronic ulcers, severe burns and immune disorders, resulting in both public health and economic burdens. Skin is the first line of defense and the largest organ of the human body, however, an incomplete understanding of underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of dermal repair leads to a lack of effective therapy for healing impaired wounds. There are strong clinical and social needs for improved therapeutic approaches to enhance endogenous tissue repair and regenerative capacity. The purpose of this review is to illuminate the cellular and molecular aspects of the healing process and highlight potential therapeutic strategies to accelerate translational research and the development of clinical therapies in dermal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojing Dai
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, The Advanced Technology Genomics Core, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
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18
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Similarities between Tumour Immune Response and Chronic Wound Microenvironment: Influence of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6649314. [PMID: 33860061 PMCID: PMC8024060 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6649314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumours are characterized by a state of chronic inflammation and are regarded as wounds that never heal. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are being considered as a possible treatment option. While MSCs can regulate the immune system, migrate to sites of inflammation, and are naturally immune-privileged, there have been contradictory reports on the role of these cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Some studies have suggested that MSCs promote tumourigenesis while others have suggested the contrary. To better evaluate the role of MSCs in the TME, it may be helpful to understand the role of MSCs in chronic wounds. Here, we discuss the role of MSCs in chronic wounds and extrapolate this to the TME. Chronic wounds are stuck in the inflammatory phase of wound healing, while in the case of the TME, both the inflammatory and proliferative phases are exploited. MSCs in chronic wounds promote a switch in macrophage phenotype from proinflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2), thereby suppressing T, B, and natural killer cells, consequently promoting wound healing. In the case of the TME, MSCs are reported to promote tumorigenesis by suppressing T, B, and natural killer cells in addition to dendritic cells, cytotoxic T cells, and Th1-associated cytokines, thereby promoting tumour growth. Some studies have however suggested that MSCs inhibit tumourigenesis, depending on the source of the MSCs and the specific mediators involved. Therefore, the role of MSCs in the TME appears to be complex and may result in variable outcomes. Compelling evidence to suggest that MSCs are an effective treatment option against tumour progression is lacking.
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Groppa E, Colliva A, Vuerich R, Kocijan T, Zacchigna S. Immune Cell Therapies to Improve Regeneration and Revascularization of Non-Healing Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5235. [PMID: 32718071 PMCID: PMC7432547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased prevalence of chronic diseases, non-healing wounds place a significant burden on the health system and the quality of life of affected patients. Non-healing wounds are full-thickness skin lesions that persist for months or years. While several factors contribute to their pathogenesis, all non-healing wounds consistently demonstrate inadequate vascularization, resulting in the poor supply of oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors at the level of the lesion. Most existing therapies rely on the use of dermal substitutes, which help the re-epithelialization of the lesion by mimicking a pro-regenerative extracellular matrix. However, in most patients, this approach is not efficient, as non-healing wounds principally affect individuals afflicted with vascular disorders, such as peripheral artery disease and/or diabetes. Over the last 25 years, innovative therapies have been proposed with the aim of fostering the regenerative potential of multiple immune cell types. This can be achieved by promoting cell mobilization into the circulation, their recruitment to the wound site, modulation of their local activity, or their direct injection into the wound. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies that have explored the potential of various populations of immune cells to promote skin regeneration in non-healing wounds and critically discuss the current limitations that prevent the adoption of these therapies in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Groppa
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (A.C.); (R.V.); (T.K.)
| | - Andrea Colliva
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (A.C.); (R.V.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roman Vuerich
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (A.C.); (R.V.); (T.K.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tea Kocijan
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (A.C.); (R.V.); (T.K.)
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.G.); (A.C.); (R.V.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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20
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Kanno E, Tanno H, Masaki A, Sasaki A, Sato N, Goto M, Shisai M, Yamaguchi K, Takagi N, Shoji M, Kitai Y, Sato K, Kasamatsu J, Ishii K, Miyasaka T, Kawakami K, Imai Y, Iwakura Y, Maruyama R, Tachi M, Kawakami K. Defect of Interferon γ Leads to Impaired Wound Healing through Prolonged Neutrophilic Inflammatory Response and Enhanced MMP-2 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225657. [PMID: 31726690 PMCID: PMC6888635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-γ is mainly secreted by CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1), natural killer (NK) and NKT cells after skin injury. Although IFN-γ is well known regarding its inhibitory effects on collagen synthesis by fibroblasts in vitro, information is limited regarding its role in wound healing in vivo. In the present study, we analyzed how the defect of IFN-γ affects wound healing. Full-thickness wounds were created on the backs of wild type (WT) C57BL/6 and IFN-γ-deficient (KO) mice. We analyzed the percent wound closure, wound breaking strength, accumulation of leukocytes, and expression levels of COL1A1, COL3A1, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). IFN-γKO mice exhibited significant attenuation in wound closure on Day 10 and wound breaking strength on Day 14 after wound creation, characteristics that are associated with prolonged neutrophil accumulation. Expression levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 mRNA were lower in IFN-γKO than in WT mice, whereas expression levels of MMP-2 (gelatinase) mRNA were significantly greater in IFN-γKO than in WT mice. Moreover, under neutropenic conditions created with anti-Gr-1 monoclonal antibodies, wound closure in IFN-γKO mice was recovered through low MMP-2 expression levels. These results suggest that IFN-γ may be involved in the proliferation and maturation stages of wound healing through the regulation of neutrophilic inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-8675
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Airi Masaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Ayako Sasaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Maiko Goto
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Mayu Shisai
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Kenji Yamaguchi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Naoyuki Takagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Miki Shoji
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 9818558, Japan; (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Kaori Kawakami
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 9818558, Japan; (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Laboratory Animals, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 2788510, Japan;
| | - Ryoko Maruyama
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
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21
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Radaelli E, Santagostino SF, Sellers RS, Brayton CF. Immune Relevant and Immune Deficient Mice: Options and Opportunities in Translational Research. ILAR J 2019; 59:211-246. [PMID: 31197363 PMCID: PMC7114723 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ily026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1989 ILAR published a list and description of immunodeficient rodents used in research. Since then, advances in understanding of molecular mechanisms; recognition of genetic, epigenetic microbial, and other influences on immunity; and capabilities in manipulating genomes and microbiomes have increased options and opportunities for selecting mice and designing studies to answer important mechanistic and therapeutic questions. Despite numerous scientific breakthroughs that have benefitted from research in mice, there is debate about the relevance and predictive or translational value of research in mice. Reproducibility of results obtained from mice and other research models also is a well-publicized concern. This review summarizes resources to inform the selection and use of immune relevant mouse strains and stocks, aiming to improve the utility, validity, and reproducibility of research in mice. Immune sufficient genetic variations, immune relevant spontaneous mutations, immunodeficient and autoimmune phenotypes, and selected induced conditions are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sara F Santagostino
- Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Cory F Brayton
- Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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22
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Wang X, Balaji S, Steen EH, Li H, Rae MM, Blum AJ, Miao Q, Butte MJ, Bollyky PL, Keswani SG. T Lymphocytes Attenuate Dermal Scarring by Regulating Inflammation, Neovascularization, and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2019; 8:527-537. [PMID: 31637099 PMCID: PMC6798809 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: While tissue injury and repair are known to involve adaptive immunity, the profile of lymphocytes involved and their contribution to dermal scarring remain unclear. We hypothesized that restoration of T cell deficiency attenuates dermal scarring. Approach: We assessed the temporal-spatial distribution of T lymphocytes and their subtypes during the physiological dermal wound repair process in mice. Also, we compared the scarring outcomes between wild-type (WT) and severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, which are lymphocyte deficient. Complementary gain-of-function experiments were performed by adoptively transferring lymphocyte subsets to validate their contribution to tissue repair in wounded SCID mice. Results: CD4+ T lymphocytes were present within dermal wounds of WT mice beginning on day 1 and remained through day 30. Wounds of SCID mice exhibited accelerated closure, increased inflammation, limited neovascularization, and exacerbated scarring compared with WT mice. Conversely, transfer of either mixed B and T lymphocytes or CD4+ lymphocytes alone into SCID mice resulted in moderated healing with less inflammation, collagen deposition, and scarring than control SCID wounds. In contrast, transfer of other lymphocyte subsets, including helper T lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+CD25-), CD8+ T cells and B cells, or regulatory T lymphocytes (CD4+CD25+CD127low), did not reduce scar. Innovation: The finding that lymphocytes delay wound healing but reduce scar is novel and provides new insights into how dermal scarring is regulated. Conclusion: Our data support a suppressive role for CD4+ T cells against inflammation and collagen deposition, with protective effects in early-stage dermal wound healing. These data implicate adaptive immunity in the regulation of scarring phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Swathi Balaji
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Emily H. Steen
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meredith M. Rae
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alexander J. Blum
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Qi Miao
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Manish J. Butte
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Sundeep G. Keswani
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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23
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Nosenko MA, Ambaryan SG, Drutskaya MS. Proinflammatory Cytokines and Skin Wound Healing in Mice. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319050121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Colombo MP, Lecis D. When Failure Is Worse Than Giving Up: The Case of CTL. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1753-1755. [PMID: 30987977 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although much emphasis is given to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to restore the functionality of exhausted lymphocytes, very little is known about the fate of cancer cells that escape from the cytotoxic activity of T cells. In a previous issue of Cancer Research, Stein and colleagues investigated the response of cancer cells to CD8+ T cells disarmed of their killing activity. Spared cancer cells acquired stem cell-like features and displayed an enhanced capacity to form tumors and metastasize. These increased tumorigenic properties could represent the other side of the coin of T-cell surveillance seen in wound healing in which recognition of damaged tissue as "self" gives the green light for healing process.See related article by Stein and colleagues; Cancer Res 79(7):1507-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Paolo Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Lecis
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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25
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Li L, Xu Z, Zuo J, Ding J. A C-type CpG ODN accelerates wound healing via regulating fibroblasts and immune response. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7868-7875. [PMID: 30485485 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abolished or delayed wound healing is a serious problem in clinical surgery, therefore, the new therapy for wound healing is needed. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing one or more CpG motifs (CpG ODN) has been reported to activate the immune system and improves skin wound healing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of a new C-type CpG ODN in wound healing. We found that the CpG ODN promoted cell proliferation and collagen I production in human skin fibroblasts cells. Besides, we also investigated the effect of CpG ODN on the activation of immune cells. The macrophages and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were incubated with CpG ODN. CpG ODN activated macrophage and pDCs via regulating TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and TLR9/MyD88/IRF7 pathway, respectively. To further evaluate the effect of CpG ODN on wound healing in vivo a wound healing model was established in mice. The results showed that CpG ODN treatment accelerated wound healing in mice. CpG ODN increased cytokines secretion in wound skin and elevated the ratio of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the spleen. Our results showed that CpG ODN accelerated wound healing, which was partly due to the regulation of fibroblasts and immune response. The findings suggested that the CpG ODN might be a proper medicament for the treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
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26
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The Dynamics of the Skin's Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081811. [PMID: 31013709 PMCID: PMC6515324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is a complex organ that has devised numerous strategies, such as physical, chemical, and microbiological barriers, to protect the host from external insults. In addition, the skin contains an intricate network of immune cells resident to the tissue, crucial for host defense as well as tissue homeostasis. In the event of an insult, the skin-resident immune cells are crucial not only for prevention of infection but also for tissue reconstruction. Deregulation of immune responses often leads to impaired healing and poor tissue restoration and function. In this review, we will discuss the defensive components of the skin and focus on the function of skin-resident immune cells in homeostasis and their role in wound healing.
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27
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Rusu D, Boariu M, Stratul ȘI, Bojin F, Paunescu V, Calniceanu H, Surlin P, Roman A, Milicescu Ș, Caruntu C, Didilescu A, Gaje NP, Calenic B. Interaction between a 3D collagen matrix used for periodontal soft tissue regeneration and T-lymphocytes: An in vitro pilot study. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:990-996. [PMID: 30679964 PMCID: PMC6327677 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous experimental models showed that activation of the immune system, particularly T cells, is required for optimal healing following wounds or surgery in the oral cavity. Therefore, studies to explore the interactions between the immune system and the collagen matrix are mandated. The specific aim of the present study was to analyze the interactions between T lymphocytes and a resorbable three-dimensional (3D) collagen matrix routinely used for soft tissue regeneration during periodontal surgery. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from five patients. Following Ficoll-Paque separation, mononuclear cells were grown on fully resorbable 3D collagen matrices for 5 days. Lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry for different surface markers, including CD4, CD8, CD38 and CD69. Cell viability and late apoptosis/necrosis were assessed in each group using an apoptosis assay based on Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. After 5 days in contact with the collagen matrix, the T cells expressed different surface markers. The overall T cell population increased significantly in the collagen matrix group compared to the respective controls (31.9±6.5 vs. 38.7±3.8%). CD8 and CD69 also increased significantly compared to their controls (CD69: 19.7±3.0 vs. 27.1±4.5% for collagen vs. control groups). At the same time, CD4 and CD38 expression was similar in both groups. Viability and apoptosis/necrosis were also identical in the samples and controls. These results show that the interaction between the collagen matrix and the immune cells stimulated activation of T cells and did not impair the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300141 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Boariu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300141 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300141 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florina Bojin
- Department of Physiology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300230 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- Department of Physiology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300230 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Horia Calniceanu
- Department of Periodontology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300141 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Petra Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ștefan Milicescu
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Costin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Didilescu
- Department of Embryology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nela-Pusa Gaje
- Department of Histology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300230 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Calenic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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28
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Franchini A. Adaptive Immunity and Skin Wound Healing in Amphibian Adults. Open Life Sci 2019; 14:420-426. [PMID: 33817177 PMCID: PMC7874748 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration and repair with scarring of the skin are two different responses to tissue injury that proceed depending on the animal species. Several studies in multiple organisms have shown that the effectiveness of tissue repair gradually decreases with age in most vertebrates, while the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the diverse potentials remain incompletely understood. It is clear, however, that immune system actively participates in the whole process and immune-related activities can mediate both negative and positive roles to influence the quality and diversity of tissue response to damage. Compared with innate immunity, our understanding of the significance of adaptive immune cells in normal repair outcome is limited and deserves further investigation. Here, experimental evidence supporting the contribution of lymphocytes and the involvement of lymphoid organs in skin wound healing are discussed, focusing on the findings emerged in adult amphibians, key animal models for tissue repair and regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Franchini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
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29
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Muzumdar S, Hiebert H, Haertel E, Ben-Yehuda Greenwald M, Bloch W, Werner S, Schäfer M. Nrf2-Mediated Expansion of Pilosebaceous Cells Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 189:568-579. [PMID: 30593821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor is a key regulator of the cellular stress response. Therefore, pharmacologic Nrf2 activation is a promising strategy for skin protection and cancer prevention. This study found that genetic Nrf2 activation in keratinocytes accelerates wound repair. Enhanced proliferation of cells of the pilosebaceous unit peripheral to the wound and a concomitant acceleration of re-epithelialization were identified as the underlying mechanism. Nrf2 specifically promoted the expansion of pilosebaceous cells expressing markers of junctional zone and upper isthmus follicular stem cells. This may result, at least in part, from the up-regulation of the direct Nrf2 target epigen and a concomitant increase in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. The increase in pilosebaceous cells provided a larger pool of keratinocytes that migrate into the wound, resulting in faster wound closure. These results unravel a novel function of Nrf2 in wound repair and suggest the use of NRF2-activating compounds in patients with impaired healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukalp Muzumdar
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hayley Hiebert
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Haertel
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabine Werner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Schäfer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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30
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Foster DS, Jones RE, Ransom RC, Longaker MT, Norton JA. The evolving relationship of wound healing and tumor stroma. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99911. [PMID: 30232274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stroma in solid tumors contains a variety of cellular phenotypes and signaling pathways associated with wound healing, leading to the concept that a tumor behaves as a wound that does not heal. Similarities between tumors and healing wounds include fibroblast recruitment and activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) component deposition, infiltration of immune cells, neovascularization, and cellular lineage plasticity. However, unlike a wound that heals, the edges of a tumor are constantly expanding. Cell migration occurs both inward and outward as the tumor proliferates and invades adjacent tissues, often disregarding organ boundaries. The focus of our review is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) cellular heterogeneity and plasticity and the acellular matrix components that accompany these cells. We explore how similarities and differences between healing wounds and tumor stroma continue to evolve as research progresses, shedding light on possible therapeutic targets that can result in innovative stromal-based treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshka S Foster
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - R Ellen Jones
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Ryan C Ransom
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Norton
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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31
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Larouche J, Sheoran S, Maruyama K, Martino MM. Immune Regulation of Skin Wound Healing: Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2018; 7:209-231. [PMID: 29984112 PMCID: PMC6032665 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2017.0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: The immune system plays a central role in orchestrating the tissue healing process. Hence, controlling the immune system to promote tissue repair and regeneration is an attractive approach when designing regenerative strategies. This review discusses the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic wounds and possible strategies to control the immune system to accelerate chronic wound closure and promote skin regeneration (scar-less healing) of acute wounds. Recent Advances: Recent studies have revealed the key roles of various immune cells and immune mediators in skin repair. Thus, immune components have been targeted to promote chronic wound repair or skin regeneration and several growth factors, cytokines, and biomaterials have shown promising results in animal models. However, these novel strategies are often struggling to meet efficacy standards in clinical trials, partly due to inadequate drug delivery systems and safety concerns. Critical Issues: Excess inflammation is a major culprit in the dysregulation of normal wound healing, and further limiting inflammation effectively reduces scarring. However, current knowledge is insufficient to efficiently control inflammation and specific immune cells. This is further complicated by inadequate drug delivery methods. Future Directions: Improving our understanding of the molecular pathways through which the immune system controls the wound healing process could facilitate the design of novel regenerative therapies. Additionally, better delivery systems may make current and future therapies more effective. To promote the entry of current regenerative strategies into clinical trials, more evidence on their safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Larouche
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sumit Sheoran
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kenta Maruyama
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikaël M. Martino
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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32
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LED phototherapy in full-thickness burns induced by CO 2 laser in rats skin. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1537-1547. [PMID: 29704068 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted on the treatment of burns because they are important in morbidity and mortality. These studies are mainly focused on improving care and quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was evaluate the LED phototherapy effects in rats skin full-thickness burns induced by CO2 laser. The animals were divided in NT group that did not received any treatment and LED group that received LED irradiation at 685 nm, 220 mW, and 4.5 J/cm2 during 40 s by burned area. Biopsies were obtained after 7, 14, and 21 days of treatment and submitted to histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The LED phototherapy shows anti-inflammatory effects, improves angiogenesis, and stimulates the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts. The T CD8+ lymphocytes were more common in burned areas compared to T CD4+ lymphocytes since statistically significant differences were observed in the LED group compared to the NT group after 7 days of treatment. These results showed that LED phototherapy performs positive influence in full-thickness burns repair from the healing process modulated by cellular immune response. The obtained results allowed inferring that burns exhibit a characteristic cell immune response and this cannot be extrapolated to other wounds such as incision and wounds induced by punch, among others.
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33
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Tatara AM, Kontoyiannis DP, Mikos AG. Drug delivery and tissue engineering to promote wound healing in the immunocompromised host: Current challenges and future directions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:319-329. [PMID: 29221962 PMCID: PMC5988908 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As regenerative medicine matures as a field, more promising technologies are being translated from the benchtop to the clinic. However, many of these strategies are designed with otherwise healthy hosts in mind and validated in animal models without other co-morbidities. In reality, many of the patient populations benefiting from drug delivery and tissue engineering-based devices to enhance wound healing also have significant underlying immunodeficiency. Specifically, patients suffering from diabetes, malignancy, human immunodeficiency virus, post-organ transplantation, and other compromised states have significant pleotropic immune defects that affect wound healing. In this work, we review the role of different immune cells in the regenerative process, highlight the effect of several common immunocompromised states on wound healing, and discuss different drug delivery strategies for overcoming immunodeficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Tatara
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.
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34
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Haertel E, Joshi N, Hiebert P, Kopf M, Werner S. Regulatory T cells are required for normal and activin‐promoted wound repair in mice. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1001-1013. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Haertel
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Health Sciences ETH Zurich Switzerland
| | - Natasha Joshi
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Health Sciences ETH Zurich Switzerland
| | - Paul Hiebert
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Health Sciences ETH Zurich Switzerland
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Health Sciences ETH Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Health Sciences ETH Zurich Switzerland
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35
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Moreno-Eutimio MA, Espinosa-Monroy L, Orozco-Amaro T, Torres-Ramos Y, Montoya-Estrada A, Jose Hicks J, Rodríguez-Ayala E, Moral PD, Moreno J, Cueto-García J. Enhanced healing and anti-inflammatory effects of a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers: preliminary results. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:336-344. [PMID: 29593807 PMCID: PMC5868658 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insufficient wound healing related to chronic inflammation of chronic venous leg ulcers (CVUs) represents an important public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide therapy on CVUs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty patients with CVUs were recruited for this study and were divided into a study group and control group. Patients In the study group were instructed to use venous compression treatment andtopical carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide twice daily, while patients In the control group were treated with only venous compression treatment. All patients were followed up for 8 weeks. Peripheral blood samples and biosy tissue specimens were obtained at the initiation of treatment and after 8 weeks to assess serum levels of inflammatory cytokines as well as the percentage of leukocytes, T-helper cells, cytotoxic-T cells, macrophages and endothelial cells in the biopsy tissue using flow cytometry. RESULTS A significantly greater reduction in the mean percentage ulcer area from baseline to eight weeks was observed in the study group (up to 40% for large ulcers). Furthermore, the patients in the study group had reduced systemic levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 (p = 0.0028) and IL-6 (p = 0.0302), fewer total CD45+ cells (p = 0.0038) and more CD31+ cells (p = 0.045) present in ulcer biopsies compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide treatment with venous compression enhances healing of CVUs and improves quality of life due, in part, to its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Espinosa-Monroy
- Wound and Ostomy Clinic, Division of Research, Hospital Juarez de México, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tania Orozco-Amaro
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juarez de México, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yessica Torres-Ramos
- Biochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Montoya-Estrada
- Biochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Jose Hicks
- Health Research Policies, Coordinating Commission of National Health Institutes and Highly Specialized Hospitals, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Pamela Del Moral
- Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jose Moreno
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juarez de México, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
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36
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Niebuhr M, Kasperkiewicz M, Maass S, Hauenschild E, Bieber K, Ludwig RJ, Westermann J, Kalies K. Evidence for a contributory role of a xenogeneic immune response in experimental epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:1207-1213. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Niebuhr
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | | | | | | | - Katja Bieber
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology; University of Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Ralf J. Ludwig
- Department of Dermatology; University of Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology; University of Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Kalies
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
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37
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Chen L, DiPietro LA. Toll-Like Receptor Function in Acute Wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2017; 6:344-355. [PMID: 29062591 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2017.0734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Inflammation is an integral part of immune response and supports optimal wound healing in adults. Inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and mast cells produce important cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. These immune cells interact with keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs), as well as the extracellular matrix within a complicated network that promotes and regulates wound healing. Aberrant and persistent inflammation may result in delayed wound healing, scar formation, or chronic wounds. Targeting the molecules involved in the inflammatory response may have great potential therapeutic value. Recent Advances and Critical Issues: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns from microbes or danger-associated molecular patterns from damaged cells. The discovery of TLRs sheds new light on the mechanism by which the inflammatory or innate immune response is initiated in wound healing. Convincing evidence now shows that multiple types of cells, including infiltrating or resident inflammatory cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and ECs, express specific types of TLRs. Experimental reduction of certain TLRs or treatment of wounds with TLR ligands has been shown to affect wound healing. A better understanding of the involvement of TLRs in the innate immune response during skin wound healing may suggest novel strategies to improve the quality of tissue repair. Future Directions: Despite the indisputable role of TLRs in regulating the immune response in acute wound healing, the functions of TLRs that are relevant to human wound healing and chronic wounds are poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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38
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Kanno E, Kawakami K, Tanno H, Suzuki A, Sato N, Masaki A, Imamura A, Takagi N, Miura T, Yamamoto H, Ishii K, Hara H, Imai Y, Maruyama R, Tachi M. Contribution of CARD9-mediated signalling to wound healing in skin. Exp Dermatol 2017. [PMID: 28620967 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response after skin injury involves the secretion of a variety of cytokines and growth factors that are necessary for tissue repair. Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) is an essential signalling adaptor molecule for NF-κB activation upon triggering through C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), which are expressed in macrophages and dendritic cells. However, the role of CARD9 in inflammatory responses at the wound site has not been elucidated. In this study, we analysed the role of CARD9 in the healing process of skin wounds. Wounds were created on the backs of wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and CARD9 gene-disrupted (knockout [KO]) mice. We analysed per cent wound closure, and the wound tissues were harvested for analysis of leucocyte accumulation and cytokine and chemokine expressions. CARD9KO mice exhibited significant attenuation of wound closure compared with WT mice on days 5, 7 and 10 postwounding, which was associated with decreased macrophage accumulation and reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, CCL3 and CCL4 expressions. These results suggest that CARD9 may be involved in the wound-healing process through the regulation of macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aiko Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Airi Masaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayano Imamura
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryoko Maruyama
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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39
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Mirkov I, Popov Aleksandrov A, Demenesku J, Ninkov M, Mileusnic D, Kataranovski D, Kataranovski M. Warfarin affects acute inflammatory response induced by subcutaneous polyvinyl sponge implantation in rats. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2017; 36:283-288. [DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2016.1275664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mirkov
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Jelena Demenesku
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Marina Ninkov
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Dina Mileusnic
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Dragan Kataranovski
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, and
| | - Milena Kataranovski
- Ecology Department, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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40
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IL-33-Dependent Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Cutaneous Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:487-496. [PMID: 26802241 PMCID: PMC4731037 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breaches in the skin barrier initiate an inflammatory immune response that is critical for successful wound healing. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified population of immune cells that reside at epithelial barrier surfaces such as the skin, lung and gut and promote pro-inflammatory or epithelial repair functions following exposure to allergens, pathogens or chemical irritants. However, the potential role of ILCs in regulating cutaneous wound healing remains undefined. Here, we demonstrate that cutaneous injury promotes an IL-33-dependent group 2 ILC (ILC2) response and that abrogation of this response impairs re-epithelialization and efficient wound closure. Additionally, we provide evidence suggesting that an analogous ILC2 response is operational in acute wounds of human skin. Together, these results indicate that IL-33-responsive ILC2s are an important link between the cutaneous epithelium and the immune system, acting to promote the restoration of skin integrity following injury.
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41
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Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3861-85. [PMID: 27180275 PMCID: PMC5021733 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 857] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to rapidly restore the integrity of a broken skin barrier is critical and is the ultimate goal of therapies for hard-to-heal-ulcers. Unfortunately effective treatments to enhance healing and reduce scarring are still lacking. A deeper understanding of the physiology of normal repair and of the pathology of delayed healing is a prerequisite for the development of more effective therapeutic interventions. Transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase is a key step during healing and accumulating evidence associates a compromised transition with wound healing disorders. Thus, targeting factors that impact this phase transition may offer a rationale for therapeutic development. This review summarizes mechanisms regulating the inflammation-proliferation transition at cellular and molecular levels. We propose that identification of such mechanisms will reveal promising targets for development of more effective therapies.
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42
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Tanno H, Kawakami K, Ritsu M, Kanno E, Suzuki A, Kamimatsuno R, Takagi N, Miyasaka T, Ishii K, Imai Y, Maruyama R, Tachi M. Contribution of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells to Skin Wound Healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 185:3248-57. [PMID: 26468976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we determined the contribution of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells to the skin wound healing process. In iNKT cell-deficient (Jα18KO) mice lacking iNKT cells, wound closure was significantly delayed compared with wild-type mice. Collagen deposition, expression of α-smooth muscle actin and CD31, and wound breaking strength were significantly attenuated in Jα18KO mice. The adoptive transfer of liver mononuclear cells from wild-type but not from Jα18KO or interferon (IFN)-γ gene-disrupted (IFN-γKO) mice resulted in the reversal of this impaired wound healing in Jα18KO mice. IFN-γ expression was induced in the wounded tissues, which was significantly decreased at 6, 12, and 24 hours, but increased on day 3 after wounding in Jα18KO mice. The main source of the late-phase IFN-γ production in Jα18KO mice were neutrophils rather than NK cells and T cells. Administration of α-galactosylceramide, an activator of iNKT cells, resulted in the acceleration of wound healing on day 3 in wild-type mice. This effect was not observed in IFN-γKO mice. These results indicate that iNKT cells play important roles in wound healing. The iNKT cell-induced IFN-γ production may regulate the wound healing process in the early phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masae Ritsu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aiko Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rina Kamimatsuno
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryoko Maruyama
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
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43
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Zhong Q, Jenkins J, Moldobaeva A, D'Alessio F, Wagner EM. Effector T Cells and Ischemia-Induced Systemic Angiogenesis in the Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 54:394-401. [PMID: 26244419 PMCID: PMC4821032 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0087oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes have been shown to modulate angiogenesis. Our previous work showed that T regulatory (Treg) cell depletion prevented angiogenesis. In the present study, we sought to examine T-cell populations during lung angiogenesis and subsequent angiostasis. In a mouse model of ischemia-induced systemic angiogenesis in the lung, we examined the time course (0-35 d) of neovascularization and T-cell phenotypes within the lung after left pulmonary artery ligation (LPAL). T cells increased and reached a maximum by 10 days after LPAL and then progressively decreased, suggestive of a modulatory role during the early phase of new vessel growth. Because others have shown IFN-γ to be angiostatic in tumor models, we focused on this effector T-cell cytokine to control the magnitude of angiogenesis. Results showed that IFN-γ protein is secreted at low levels after LPAL and that mice required Treg depletion to see the full effect of effector T cells. Using Foxp3(DTR) and diphtheria toxin to deplete T regulatory cells, increased numbers of effector T cells (CD8(+)) and/or increased capacity to secrete the prominent angiostatic cytokine IFN-γ (CD4(+)) were seen. In vitro culture of mouse systemic and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells with IFN-γ showed increased endothelial cell apoptosis. CD8(-/-) mice and IFN-γR(-/-) mice showed enhanced angiogenesis compared with wild-type mice, confirming that, in this model, IFN-γ limits the extent of systemic neovascularization in the lung.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- CD4 Antigens/genetics
- CD4 Antigens/immunology
- CD4 Antigens/metabolism
- CD8 Antigens/genetics
- CD8 Antigens/immunology
- CD8 Antigens/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/immunology
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/pathology
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- Receptors, Interferon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aigul Moldobaeva
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Franco D'Alessio
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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44
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Nosbaum A, Prevel N, Truong HA, Mehta P, Ettinger M, Scharschmidt TC, Ali NH, Pauli ML, Abbas AK, Rosenblum MD. Cutting Edge: Regulatory T Cells Facilitate Cutaneous Wound Healing. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2010-4. [PMID: 26826250 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells (Tregs) reside in tissues where they control inflammation and mediate tissue-specific functions. The skin of mice and humans contain a large number of Tregs; however, the mechanisms of how these cells function in skin remain largely unknown. In this article, we show that Tregs facilitate cutaneous wound healing. Highly activated Tregs accumulated in skin early after wounding, and specific ablation of these cells resulted in delayed wound re-epithelialization and kinetics of wound closure. Tregs in wounded skin attenuated IFN-γ production and proinflammatory macrophage accumulation. Upon wounding, Tregs induce expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Lineage-specific deletion of EGFR in Tregs resulted in reduced Treg accumulation and activation in wounded skin, delayed wound closure, and increased proinflammatory macrophage accumulation. Taken together, our results reveal a novel role for Tregs in facilitating skin wound repair and suggest that they use the EGFR pathway to mediate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Nosbaum
- International Center for Infectiology Research, Lyon University, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Prevel
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Hong-An Truong
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Pooja Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Monika Ettinger
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Tiffany C Scharschmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Niwa H Ali
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Mariela L Pauli
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
| | - Abul K Abbas
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Michael D Rosenblum
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and
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45
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Zhao Y, Bao L, Chan LS, DiPietro LA, Chen L. Aberrant Wound Healing in an Epidermal Interleukin-4 Transgenic Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146451. [PMID: 26752054 PMCID: PMC4709197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing in a pre-existing Th2-dominated skin milieu was assessed by using an epidermal specific interleukin-4 (IL-4) transgenic (Tg) mouse model, which develops a pruritic inflammatory skin condition resembling human atopic dermatitis. Our results demonstrated that IL-4 Tg mice had delayed wound closure and re-epithelialization even though these mice exhibited higher degrees of epithelial cell proliferation. Wounds in IL-4 Tg mice also showed a marked enhancement in expression of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, elevated infiltration of inflammatory cells including neutrophils, macrophages, CD3+ lymphocytes, and epidermal dendritic T lymphocytes. In addition, these mice exhibited a significantly higher level of angiogenesis as compared to wild type mice. Furthermore, wounds in IL-4 Tg mice presented with larger amounts of granulation tissue, but had less expression and deposition of collagen. Taken together, an inflamed skin condition induced by IL-4 has a pronounced negative influence on the healing process. Understanding more about the pathogenesis of wound healing in a Th2- dominated environment may help investigators explore new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lei Bao
- Departments of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lawrence S. Chan
- Departments of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Departments of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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46
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Early in-situ cellularization of a supramolecular vascular graft is modified by synthetic stromal cell-derived factor-1α derived peptides. Biomaterials 2016; 76:187-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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47
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Vernon PJ, Schaub LJ, Dallelucca JJ, Pusateri AE, Sheppard FR. Rapid Detection of Neutrophil Oxidative Burst Capacity is Predictive of Whole Blood Cytokine Responses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0146105. [PMID: 26716449 PMCID: PMC4696850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maladaptive immune responses, particularly cytokine and chemokine-driven, are a significant contributor to the deleterious inflammation present in many types of injury and infection. Widely available applications to rapidly assess individual inflammatory capacity could permit identification of patients at risk for exacerbated immune responses and guide therapy. Here we evaluate neutrophil oxidative burst (NOX) capacity measured by plate reader to immuno-type Rhesus Macaques as an acute strategy to rapidly detect inflammatory capacity and predict maladaptive immune responses as assayed by cytokine array. METHODS Whole blood was collected from anesthetized Rhesus Macaques (n = 25) and analyzed for plasma cytokine secretion (23-plex Luminex assay) and NOX capacity. For cytokine secretion, paired samples were either unstimulated or ex-vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated (100μg/mL/24h). NOX capacity was measured in dihydrorhodamine-123 loaded samples following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin treatment. Pearson's test was utilized to correlate NOX capacity with cytokine secretion, p<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS LPS stimulation induced secretion of the inflammatory molecules G-CSF, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12/23(p40), IL-18, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and TNFα. Although values were variable, several cytokines correlated with NOX capacity, p-values≤0.0001. Specifically, IL-1β (r = 0.66), IL-6 (r = 0.74), the Th1-polarizing cytokine IL-12/23(p40) (r = 0.78), and TNFα (r = 0.76) were strongly associated with NOX. CONCLUSION NOX capacity correlated with Th1-polarizing cytokine secretion, indicating its ability to rapidly predict inflammatory responses. These data suggest that NOX capacity may quickly identify patients at risk for maladaptive immune responses and who may benefit from immuno-modulatory therapies. Future studies will assess the in-vivo predictive value of NOX in animal models of immune-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Vernon
- Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Leasha J. Schaub
- Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Anthony E. Pusateri
- US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Forest R. Sheppard
- Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ghasemlou N, Chiu IM, Julien JP, Woolf CJ. CD11b+Ly6G- myeloid cells mediate mechanical inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E6808-17. [PMID: 26598697 PMCID: PMC4679057 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1501372112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain hypersensitivity at the site of inflammation as a result of chronic immune diseases, pathogenic infection, and tissue injury is a common medical condition. However, the specific contributions of the innate and adaptive immune system to the generation of pain during inflammation have not been systematically elucidated. We therefore set out to characterize the cellular and molecular immune response in two widely used preclinical models of inflammatory pain: (i) intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) as a model of adjuvant- and pathogen-based inflammation and (ii) a plantar incisional wound as a model of tissue injury-based inflammation. Our findings reveal differences in temporal patterns of immune cell recruitment and activation states, cytokine production, and pain in these two models, with CFA causing a nonresolving granulomatous inflammatory response whereas tissue incision induced resolving immune and pain responses. These findings highlight the significant differences and potential clinical relevance of the incisional wound model compared with the CFA model. By using various cell-depletion strategies, we find that, whereas lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G (Ly)6G(+)CD11b(+) neutrophils and T-cell receptor (TCR) β(+) T cells do not contribute to the development of thermal or mechanical pain hypersensitivity in either model, proliferating CD11b(+)Ly6G(-) myeloid cells were necessary for mechanical hypersensitivity during incisional pain, and, to a lesser extent, CFA-induced inflammation. However, inflammatory (CCR2(+)Ly6C(hi)) monocytes were not responsible for these effects. The finding that a population of proliferating CD11b(+)Ly6G(-) myeloid cells contribute to mechanical inflammatory pain provides a potential cellular target for its treatment in wound inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Ghasemlou
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Research Centre of Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 2G3
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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Costa RA, Matos LBO, Cantaruti TA, de Souza KS, Vaz NM, Carvalho CR. Systemic effects of oral tolerance reduce the cutaneous scarring. Immunobiology 2015; 221:475-85. [PMID: 26652243 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunological tolerance refer to the inhibition of specific immune responsiveness and the ingestion of proteins previous to immunization is a reliable method to induce (oral) tolerance. Parenteral exposure to tolerated antigens, in adjuvant, trigger indirect and systemic effects that inhibits concomitant immune responses to other unrelated antigens and also decrease unrelated inflammatory responses. Interesting, intraperitoneal (i.p.) exposure to orally-tolerated proteins soon before an incisional linear skin wound improves the healing by primary intention in mice. An important clinical and surgical objective is to identify strategies to improve wound healing and reduce scarring. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether i.p. injection of an orally-tolerated protein improves wound healing by secondary intention and reduce scarring of full-thickness excisional skin injury. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were turned tolerant to ovalbumin (OVA) by drinking a solution containing OVA; seven days later, they received an i.p. injection of OVA plus Al(OH)3 adjuvant immediately before two full-thickness excisional skin wounds, under anesthesia. The wound healing process was evaluated macro and microscopically after H&E, toluidine blue and Gomori's Trichrome staining. The presence of granulocytes, macrophages, miofibroblasts, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III was investigated by immunofluorescence and the levels of cytokines by flow cytometry or ELISA. Mice not tolerant to OVA were included as controls. RESULTS The i.p. injection of OVA+Al(OH)3 in mice orally tolerant to OVA reduced the subsequent inflammatory response in the wound bed and the cutaneous scarring. There was a change in the pattern of collagen deposition making it more similar to the pattern observed in intact skin. In tolerant mice, mast cells and granulocytes (Ly-6C/G+), were reduced, while lymphocytes (CD3+) were increased in the wound bed. Time course analysis of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and growth factors showed slightly differences between tolerant and control groups. CONCLUSION Parenteral injection of an orally-tolerated protein has systemic consequences that impair the inflammatory response triggered by skin injury and reduce the cutaneous scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alves Costa
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Liana Biajoli Otoni Matos
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago Anselmo Cantaruti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Kênia Soares de Souza
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nelson Monteiro Vaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Rocha Carvalho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-901, Brazil.
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50
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Peacock HM, Gilbert EAB, Vickaryous MK. Scar-free cutaneous wound healing in the leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius. J Anat 2015; 227:596-610. [PMID: 26360824 PMCID: PMC4609196 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wounds heal with two possible outcomes: scarification or near-perfect integumentary restoration. Whereas scar formation has been intensively investigated, less is known about the tissue-level events characterising wounds that spontaneously heal scar-free, particularly in non-foetal amniotes. Here, a spatiotemporal investigation of scar-free cutaneous wound healing following full-thickness excisional biopsies to the tail and body of leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) is provided. All injuries healed without scarring. Cutaneous repair involves the development of a cell-rich aggregate within the wound bed, similar to scarring wounds. Unlike scar formation, scar-free healing involves a more rapid closure of the wound epithelium, and a delay in blood vessel development and collagen deposition within the wound bed. It was found that, while granulation tissue of scarring wounds is hypervascular, scar-free wound healing conspicuously does not involve a period of exuberant blood vessel formation. In addition, during scar-free wound healing the newly formed blood vessels are typically perivascular cell-supported. Immunohistochemistry revealed widespread expression of both the pro-angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor A and the anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin-1 within the healing wound. It was found that scar-free wound healing is an intrinsic property of leopard gecko integument, and involves a modulation of the cutaneous scar repair program. This proportional revascularisation is an important factor in scar-free wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M Peacock
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
| | - Emily A B Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew K Vickaryous
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
- Correspondence, Matthew K. Vickaryous, Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1. T: 1-519-760-2374 x 53871; E:
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