1
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Vathananai W, Jimenez F. What Do We Know About Hair Growth Induced by Wounding and Its Therapeutic Applications? Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:995-1000. [PMID: 37606639 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported the role of hair follicles (HFs) in the wound healing response, and vice versa, the creation of superficial injuries may stimulate hair growth, which has encouraged new treatments for hair loss. OBJECTIVE To review the phenomenon of wound-induced hair growth and the usefulness of therapeutic procedures based on skin wounding in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). METHODS A literature search was conducted to review cases of localized hypertrichosis induced by wounds and the role of microneedling, fractional laser, and scalp threading as monotherapy for AGA. RESULTS Localized hypertrichosis has been extensively reported after bone fractures, burn injury, chronic venous ulcer, etc. Only 2 cases of wound-induced hair neogenesis in humans have been reported. As monotherapy for AGA, 1 of 3 studies of microneedling, 4 of 6 of fractional lasers, and 2 of 3 studies of scalp threading show good efficacy. CONCLUSION Certain types of wounds seem to stimulate localized hair growth in humans, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Reports on wound-induced HF neogenesis in humans are anecdotal and questions remain as to whether this is a true phenomenon in humans. Further clinical studies are needed before recommending wound-induced hair growth procedures as therapies for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wipawan Vathananai
- Mediteknia Dermatology and Hair Transplant Clinic, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Jimenez
- Mediteknia Dermatology and Hair Transplant Clinic, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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2
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Lin SJ, Yue Z, Paus R. Clinical Pathobiology of Radiotherapy-Induced Alopecia: A Guide toward More Effective Prevention and Hair Follicle Repair. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1646-1656. [PMID: 37294241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because hair follicles (HFs) are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, radiotherapy-induced alopecia (RIA) is a core adverse effect of oncological radiotherapy. Yet, effective RIA-preventive therapy is unavailable because the underlying pathobiology remains underinvestigated. Aiming to revitalize interest in pathomechanism-tailored RIA management, we describe the clinical RIA spectrum (transient, persistent, progressive alopecia) and our current understanding of RIA pathobiology as an excellent model for studying principles of human organ and stem cell repair, regeneration, and loss. We explain that HFs respond to radiotherapy through two distinct pathways (dystrophic anagen or catagen) and why this makes RIA management so challenging. We discuss the responses of different HF cell populations and extrafollicular cells to radiation, their roles in HF repair and regeneration, and how they might contribute to HF miniaturization or even loss in persistent RIA. Finally, we highlight the potential of targeting p53-, Wnt-, mTOR-, prostaglandin E2-, FGF7-, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-, and melatonin-associated pathways in future RIA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Jan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Frontier Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhicao Yue
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China; International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany; Cutaneon, Hamburg, Germany.
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3
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Redmond LC, Limbu S, Farjo B, Messenger AG, Higgins CA. Male pattern hair loss: Can developmental origins explain the pattern? Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1174-1181. [PMID: 37237288 PMCID: PMC10946844 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Male pattern hair loss (MPHL), also referred to as male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of non-scarring progressive hair loss, with 80% of men suffering from this condition in their lifetime. In MPHL, the hair line recedes to a specific part of the scalp which cannot be accurately predicted. Hair is lost from the front, vertex, and the crown, yet temporal and occipital follicles remain. The visual effect of hair loss is due to hair follicle miniaturisation, where terminal hair follicles become dimensionally smaller. Miniaturisation is also characterised by a shortening of the growth phase of the hair cycle (anagen), and a prolongation of the dormant phase (kenogen). Together, these changes result in the production of thinner and shorter hair fibres, referred to as miniaturised or vellus hairs. It remains unclear why miniaturisation occurs in this specific pattern, with frontal follicles being susceptible while occipital follicles remain in a terminal state. One main factor we believe to be at play, which will be discussed in this viewpoint, is the developmental origin of the skin and hair follicle dermis on different regions of the scalp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Summik Limbu
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonUK
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4
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Wei H, Yang S, Yi T, Xu X, Liu C, Shen C, Guo Y, Li Q, Jin P. CircAGK regulates high dihydrotestosterone-induced apoptosis in DPCs through the miR-3180-5p/BAX axis. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22728. [PMID: 36607259 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200849r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of androgen alopecia (AGA), also known as seborrheic alopecia, has surged in recent years, and onset is occurring at younger ages. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are key to maintaining hair cycling, and apoptosis-driven processes in DPCs are closely related to hair follicle regeneration. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely present in the human body and are closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. Currently, the biological functions of circRNAs in AGA are largely unknown. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was used to screen differential circRNA expression profiles between AGA patients and non-AGA patients. We found that hsa_circ_0002980 (circAGK) was significantly highly expressed in the AGA group. CircAGK promoted DPC apoptosis in the presence of high dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (15 nmol/L). By regulating the miR-3180-5p/BAX axis, circAGK promotes DPC apoptosis in a high DHT environment in vitro and inhibits hair growth in AGA mice in vivo, indicating that circAGK is a potential target for the clinical treatment of AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Wei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tian Yi
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caiqi Shen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peisheng Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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5
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Fu H, Li W, Weng Z, Huang Z, Liu J, Mao Q, Ding B. Water extract of cacumen platycladi promotes hair growth through the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1038039. [PMID: 36891275 PMCID: PMC9986263 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1038039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cacumen Platycladi (CP) consists of the dried needles of Platycladus orientalis L.) Franco. It was clinically demonstrated that it effectively regenerates hair, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Thus, we employed shaved mice to verify the hair growth-promoting capability of the water extract of Cacumen Platycladi (WECP). The morphological and histological analyses revealed that WECP application could significantly promote hair growth and hair follicles (HFs) construction, in comparison to that of control group. Additionally, the skin thickness and hair bulb diameter were significantly increased by the application of WECP in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, the high dose of WECP also showed an effect similar to that of finasteride. In an in vitro assay, WECP stimulated dermal papilla cells (DPCs) proliferation and migration. Moreover, the upregulation of cyclins (cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4)) and downregulation of P21 in WECP-treated cell assays have been evaluated. We identified the ingredients of WECP using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) and endeavored to predict their relevant molecular mechanisms by network analysis. We found that the Akt (serine/threonine protein kinase) signaling pathway might be a crucial target of WECP. It has been demonstrated that WECP treatment activated the phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK3β), promoted β-Catenin and Wnt10b accumulation, and upregulated the expression of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). We also found that WECP significantly altered the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes in mouse dorsal skin. The enhancement capability of WECP on DPCs proliferation and migration could be abrogated by the Akt-specific inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl. These results suggested that WECP might promote hair growth by modulating DPCs proliferation and migration through the regulation of the Akt/GSK3β/β-Catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjie Fu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Weng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Huang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Mao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Ding
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Castro AR, Portinha C, Logarinho E. The Emergent Power of Human Cellular vs Mouse Models in Translational Hair Research. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1021-1028. [PMID: 35962707 PMCID: PMC9585950 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Different animal models have been used for hair research and regeneration studies based on the similarities between animal and human skins. Primary knowledge on hair follicle (HF) biology has arisen from research using mouse models baring spontaneous or genetically engineered mutations. These studies have been crucial for the discovery of genes underlying human hair cycle control and hair loss disorders. Yet, researchers have become increasingly aware that there are distinct architectural and cellular features between the mouse and human HFs, which might limit the translation of findings in the mouse models. Thus, it is enticing to reason that the spotlight on mouse models and the unwillingness to adapt to the human archetype have been hampering the emergence of the long-awaited human hair loss cure. Here, we provide an overview of the major limitations of the mainstream mouse models for human hair loss research, and we underpin a future course of action using human cell bioengineered models and the emergent artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Castro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Saúde Viável-Insparya Hair Center, Porto, Portugal.,Doctoral Program in Biomedical Engineering, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Saúde Viável-Insparya Hair Center, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Tampucci S, Paganini V, Burgalassi S, Chetoni P, Monti D. Nanostructured Drug Delivery Systems for Targeting 5-α-Reductase Inhibitors to the Hair Follicle. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020286. [PMID: 35214018 PMCID: PMC8876829 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is a multifactorial condition characterized by noticeable hair loss, affecting both men and women and representing a debilitating and chronic disorder that considerably affects the quality of life. Available topical treatments based on minoxidil or finasteride require repeated applications and are associated with a certain number of adverse effects. The challenges associated with current treatments pave the way for the research of new therapeutic strategies, more precise and selective, and capable of providing long-term results. In this context, the present review examines the new proposed formulation strategies to deliver 5-α-reductase inhibitors in order to obtain a targeted drug delivery, for improving drug retention at the site of action in the hair follicle, contemporaneously reducing drug systemic absorption, which is the cause of important adverse effects. In particular, the research will be focused on the several aspects that influence the performance of nanostructured drug delivery systems in creating a depot in the hair follicles, such as particle size, surface charge, excipients, and combined application with external stimuli (infrared radiation, mechanical massage, ultrasounds application).
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8
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Abstract
Pattern hair loss (PHL) is a condition that worsens with time and the only way it can be slowed down is with pharmacological intervention. Pharmacological treatments for PHL, from an evidenced-based perspective with respect to safety and efficacy, are limited to only two drugs, minoxidil and finasteride. However, there are a host of drugs being used, off-label with limited evidence. This article attempts to review the literature on this topic, and the authors add to this, with their experience of over two decades on incorporating pharmacologic treatments along with hair transplantation in their management of PHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Suresh Sattur
- HAIRREVIVE- Centre for Hair Restoration & Skin Rejuvenation, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Indu Sandeep Sattur
- HAIRREVIVE- Centre for Hair Restoration & Skin Rejuvenation, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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9
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Rushton DH, Westgate GE, Van Neste DJ. Following historical "tracks" of hair follicle miniaturisation in patterned hair loss: Are elastin bodies the forgotten aetiology? Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:102-109. [PMID: 34008225 PMCID: PMC9290669 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pattern hair loss (PHL) is a chronic regressive condition of the scalp, where follicular miniaturisation and decreased scalp hair coverage occurs in affected areas. In all PHL cases, there is a measurable progressive shortening of the terminal hair growth duration, along with reduced linear growth rates. In both genders, PHL initially shows an increase in short telogen hairs ≤30 mm in length, reflecting a cycle completion of under 6 months in affected terminal hair follicles. To understand the miniaturisation process, we re-examine the dynamics of miniaturisation and ask the question, "why do miniaturised hair follicles resist treatment?" In the light of recent developments in relation to hair regeneration, we looked back in the older literature for helpful clues "lost to time" and reprise a 1978 Hermann Pinkus observation of an array of elastin deposits beneath the dermal papilla following subsequent anagen/telogen transitions in male balding, originally described by Arao and Perkins who concluded that these changes provide a "morphologic marker of the entire biologic process in the balding scalp." Thus, we have reviewed the role of the elastin-like bodies in hair pathology and we propose that alterations in elastin architecture may contribute to the failure of vellus-like hair reverting back to their terminal status and may indicate a new area for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hugh Rushton
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gillian E Westgate
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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10
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Stone RC, Aviv A, Paus R. Telomere Dynamics and Telomerase in the Biology of Hair Follicles and their Stem Cells as a Model for Aging Research. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1031-1040. [PMID: 33509633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we propose that telomere length dynamics play an important but underinvestigated role in the biology of the hair follicle (HF), a prototypic, cyclically remodeled miniorgan that shows an intriguing aging pattern in humans. Whereas the HF pigmentary unit ages quickly, its epithelial stem cell (ESC) component and regenerative capacity are surprisingly aging resistant. Telomerase-deficient mice with short telomeres display an aging phenotype of hair graying and hair loss that is attributed to impaired HF ESC mobilization. Yet, it remains unclear whether the function of telomerase and telomeres in murine HF biology translate to the human system. Therefore, we propose new directions for future telomere research of the human HF. Such research may guide the development of novel treatments for selected disorders of human hair growth or pigmentation (e.g., chemotherapy-induced alopecia, telogen effluvium, androgenetic alopecia, cicatricial alopecia, graying). It might also increase the understanding of the global role of telomeres in aging-related human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka C Stone
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Abraham Aviv
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
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11
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Choi YK, Kang JI, Hyun JW, Koh YS, Kang JH, Hyun CG, Yoon KS, Lee KS, Lee CM, Kim TY, Yoo ES, Kang HK. Myristoleic Acid Promotes Anagen Signaling by Autophagy through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathways in Dermal Papilla Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:211-219. [PMID: 33518533 PMCID: PMC7921852 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alopecia is a distressing condition caused by the dysregulation of anagen, catagen, and telogen in the hair cycle. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) regulate the hair cycle and play important roles in hair growth and regeneration. Myristoleic acid (MA) increases Wnt reporter activity in DPCs. However, the action mechanisms of MA on the stimulation of anagen signaling in DPCs is not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MA on anagen-activating signaling pathways in DPCs. MA significantly increased DPC proliferation and stimulated the G2/M phase, accompanied by increasing cyclin A, Cdc2, and cyclin B1. To elucidate the mechanism by which MA promotes DPC proliferation, we evaluated the effect of MA on autophagy and intracellular pathways. MA induced autophagosome formation by decreasing the levels of the phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (phospho-mTOR) and increasing autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3II). MA also increased the phosphorylation levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as GSK3β (Ser9) and β-catenin (Ser552 and Ser675). Treatment with XAV939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuated the MA-induced increase in β-catenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, XAV939 reduced MA-induced effects on cell cycle progression, autophagy, and DPC proliferation. On the other hand, MA increased the levels of phospho (Thr202/Tyr204)-extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK). MA-induced ERK phosphorylation led to changes in the expression levels of Cdc2, Atg7 and LC3II, as well as DPC proliferation. Our results suggest that MA promotes anagen signaling via autophagy and cell cycle progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK pathways in DPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Kyung Choi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sang Koh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Hyun
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry & Cosmetics, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Yoon
- Department of Chemistry & Cosmetics, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Lee
- DSongpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetic Co., Ltd, Cheonan 31041, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Mong Lee
- DSongpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetic Co., Ltd, Cheonan 31041, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yang Kim
- DSongpa R&D Center, Coreana Cosmetic Co., Ltd, Cheonan 31041, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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12
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Contessi Negrini N, Angelova Volponi A, Higgins C, Sharpe P, Celiz A. Scaffold-based developmental tissue engineering strategies for ectodermal organ regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2021; 10:100107. [PMID: 33889838 PMCID: PMC8050778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is a multidisciplinary research field aiming at the regeneration, restoration, or replacement of damaged tissues and organs. Classical TE approaches combine scaffolds, cells and soluble factors to fabricate constructs mimicking the native tissue to be regenerated. However, to date, limited success in clinical translations has been achieved by classical TE approaches, because of the lack of satisfactory biomorphological and biofunctional features of the obtained constructs. Developmental TE has emerged as a novel TE paradigm to obtain tissues and organs with correct biomorphology and biofunctionality by mimicking the morphogenetic processes leading to the tissue/organ generation in the embryo. Ectodermal appendages, for instance, develop in vivo by sequential interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme, in a process known as secondary induction. A fine artificial replication of these complex interactions can potentially lead to the fabrication of the tissues/organs to be regenerated. Successful developmental TE applications have been reported, in vitro and in vivo, for ectodermal appendages such as teeth, hair follicles and glands. Developmental TE strategies require an accurate selection of cell sources, scaffolds and cell culture configurations to allow for the correct replication of the in vivo morphogenetic cues. Herein, we describe and discuss the emergence of this TE paradigm by reviewing the achievements obtained so far in developmental TE 3D scaffolds for teeth, hair follicles, and salivary and lacrimal glands, with particular focus on the selection of biomaterials and cell culture configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Angelova Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C.A. Higgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P.T. Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A.D. Celiz
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Dermal Adipose Tissue Secretes HGF to Promote Human Hair Growth and Pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1633-1645.e13. [PMID: 33493531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hair follicles (HFs) are immersed within dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), yet human adipocyte‒HF communication remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated how perifollicular adipocytes affect the physiology of human anagen scalp HFs. Quantitative immunohistomorphometry, X-ray microcomputed tomography, and transmission electron microscopy showed that the number and size of perifollicular adipocytes declined during anagen‒catagen transition, whereas fluorescence-lifetime imaging revealed increased lipid oxidation in adipocytes surrounding the bulge and/or sub-bulge region. Ex vivo, dWAT tendentially promoted hair shaft production, and significantly stimulated hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and HF pigmentation. Both dWAT pericytes and PREF1/DLK1+ adipocyte progenitors secreted HGF during human HF‒dWAT co-culture, for which the c-Met receptor was expressed in the hair matrix and dermal papilla. These effects were reproduced using recombinant HGF and abrogated by an HGF-neutralizing antibody. Laser-capture microdissection‒based microarray analysis of the hair matrix showed that dWAT-derived HGF upregulated keratin (K) genes (K27, K73, K75, K84, K86) and TCHH. Mechanistically, HGF stimulated Wnt/β-catenin activity in the human hair matrix (increased AXIN2, LEF1) by upregulating WNT6 and WNT10B, and inhibiting SFRP1 in the dermal papilla. Our study demonstrates that dWAT regulates human hair growth and pigmentation through HGF secretion, and thus identifies dWAT and HGF as important novel molecular and cellular targets for therapeutic intervention in human hair growth and pigmentation disorders.
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14
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Paus R. Shining a (blue) light on hair follicle chronobiology and photobiomodulation. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:189-192. [PMID: 33433942 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Paus
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
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15
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Kim MK, Kwack MH, Kim MK, Kim JC, Sung YK. Expression level of leucine-rich repeat containing 15 regulates characteristics of dermal papilla cells of human hair follicle. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 101:134-137. [PMID: 33323297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Kwack
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kyu Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Chul Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwan Sung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Kim SM, Kang JI, Yoon HS, Choi YK, Go JS, Oh SK, Ahn M, Kim J, Koh YS, Hyun JW, Yoo ES, Kang HK. HNG, A Humanin Analogue, Promotes Hair Growth by Inhibiting Anagen-to-Catagen Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124553. [PMID: 32604799 PMCID: PMC7348781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hair follicle goes through repetitive cycles including anagen, catagen, and telogen. The interaction of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and keratinocytes regulates the hair cycle and hair growth. Humanin was discovered in the surviving brain cells of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. HNG, a humanin analogue, activates cell growth, proliferation, and cell cycle progression, and it protects cells from apoptosis. This study was performed to investigate the promoting effect and action mechanisms of HNG on hair growth. HNG significantly increased DPC proliferation. HNG significantly increased hair shaft elongation in vibrissa hair follicle organ culture. In vivo experiment showed that HNG prolonged anagen duration and inhibited hair follicle cell apoptosis, indicating that HNG inhibited the transition from the anagen to catagen phase mice. Furthermore, HNG activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2, Akt, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat3) within minutes and up-regulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels on DPCs. This means that HNG could induce the anagen phase longer by up-regulating VEGF, which is a Stat3 target gene and one of the anagen maintenance factors. HNG stimulated the anagen phase longer with VEGF up-regulation, and it prevented apoptosis by activating Erk1/2, Akt, and Stat3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Jung-Il Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Hoon-Seok Yoon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Ji Soo Go
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Sun Kyung Oh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea;
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea;
| | - Young Sang Koh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.M.K.); (J.-I.K.); (H.-S.Y.); (Y.K.C.); (J.S.G.); (S.K.O.); (Y.S.K.); (J.W.H.); (E.-S.Y.)
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3846; Fax: +82-64-702-2687
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17
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Abstract
Today, about 50% of men and 15-30% of women suffer from hair loss as well as the associated psychological impact. Drug therapy, especially through topical administration, is the main treatment strategy for stimulating hair regrowth. However, challenges exist due to the skin barrier that hinders drug penetration. To this end, many efforts have been made to enhance drug penetration efficiency. This review focuses on the advancement of the transdermal drug delivery strategies for hair loss therapy reported in the last five years, especially those via nanoformulations for topical administration and microneedles for transdermal delivery. In addition, physical or chemical penetration enhancers are also introduced, which are often applied with the drug delivery systems to achieve a synergy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Donghua University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road No. 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. McElwee
- Centre for Skin Sciences University of Bradford Bradford UK
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
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19
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Wang ECE, Higgins CA. Immune cell regulation of the hair cycle. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:322-333. [PMID: 31903650 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the mammalian hair cycle will lead to novel therapies and strategies to combat all forms of alopecia. Thus, in addition to the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the hair follicle, niche and microenvironmental signals that accompany the phases of growth, regression and rest need to be scrutinized. Immune cells are well described in skin homeostasis and wound healing and have recently been shown to play an important role in the mammalian hair cycle. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge of the role of immune cells in hair cycle control and discuss their relevance to human hair cycling disorders. Increased attention to this aspect of the hair cycle will provide new avenues to manipulate hair regeneration in humans and provide better insight into developing better ex vivo models of hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne C E Wang
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), National Skin Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claire A Higgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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20
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Van Neste D. Placebo-controlled dose-effect studies with topical minoxidil 2% or 5% in male-patterned hair loss treated with oral finasteride employing an analytical and exhaustive study protocol. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:542-557. [PMID: 31957152 PMCID: PMC7497182 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug trials for male‐pattern hair loss (MPHL) did not investigate hair cycling. Materials and Methods Male‐pattern hair loss volunteers (n = 22) took oral finasteride 1 mg daily with randomly either MTS5% or control lotion (1 mL/d). After 12 months on oral drug, 14 were randomized for a dose‐effect study of topical minoxidil 2% or 5%. Each 3‐month “on‐lotion” was followed by a 3‐month “off‐lotion.” Results Exogen release and anagen initiation from pre‐existing but functionally deficient follicles occurred mainly during combined dug treatment. Anagen initiation by topical minoxidil 5% could not be maintained by oral finasteride. As compared with control males, the compound index of hair growth raised from 30% at baseline up to 60% within 3 months of combined drug regimen which is better than oral drug only (no change) but still far beyond normalization of productivity (considered as 100%). There was no obvious transformation of miniaturized hair follicles into terminal hair‐producing follicles, and the activation of miniaturized hair follicles was not clinically relevant (slow growth and short duration of anagen). Conclusions Benefit with oral finasteride and topical 5% minoxidil (1 mL, 1 per day) resulted from initiation of anagen in deficient terminal follicles without increased growth rates.
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21
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27 TH Fondation René Touraine Annual SCIENTIFIC MEETING 2019: Skin Appendages - Developmental and Pathophysiological Aspects. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:1353-1367. [PMID: 31854035 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Ramot Y, Bertolini M, Boboljova M, Uchida Y, Paus R. PPAR-γ signalling as a key mediator of human hair follicle physiology and pathology. Exp Dermatol 2019; 29:312-321. [PMID: 31769892 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are abundantly expressed in human skin, with PPAR-γ being the most intensively investigated isoform. In various ex vivo and in vivo models, PPAR-γ-mediated signalling has recently surfaced as an essential element of hair follicle (HF) development, growth and stem cell biology. Moreover, the availability of novel, topically applicable PPAR-γ modulators with a favourable toxicological profile has extended the range of potential applications in clinical dermatology. In this review, we synthesize where this field currently stands and sketch promising future research avenues, focussing on the role of PPAR-γ-mediated signalling in the biology and pathology of human scalp HFs, with special emphasis on scarring alopecias such as lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia as model human epithelial stem cell diseases. In particular, we discuss whether and how pharmacological modulation of PPAR-γ signalling may be employed for the management of hair growth disorders, for example, in scarring alopecia (by reducing HF inflammation as well as by promoting the survival and suppressing pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition of keratin 15 + epithelial stem cells in the bulge) and in hirsutism/hypertrichosis (by promoting catagen development). Moreover, we explore the potential role of PPAR-γ in androgenetic alopecia, HF energy metabolism and HF ageing, and consider clinical perspectives that emanate from the limited data available on this so far. As this field of translational human hair research is still in its infancy, many open questions exist, for which we briefly delineate selected experimental approaches that promise to generate instructive answers in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ramot
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marta Bertolini
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Muenster, Germany
| | - Maria Boboljova
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Muenster, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Uchida
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Muenster, Germany.,Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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23
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Vasserot AP, Geyfman M, Poloso NJ. Androgenetic alopecia: combing the hair follicle signaling pathways for new therapeutic targets and more effective treatment options. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:755-771. [PMID: 31456448 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1659779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In the past 30 years, only two drugs have received FDA approval for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia reflecting a lack of success in unraveling novel targets for pharmacological intervention. However, as our knowledge of hair biology improves, new signaling pathways and organogenesis processes are being uncovered which have the potential to yield more effective therapeutic modalities. Areas covered: This review focuses on potential targets for drug development to treat hair loss. The physiological processes underlying the promise of regenerative medicine to recreate new functional hair follicles in bald scalp are also examined. Expert opinion: The discovery of promising new targets may soon enable treatment options that modulate the hair cycle to preserve or extend the growth phase of the hair follicle. These new targets could also be leveraged to stimulate progenitor cells and morphogenic pathways to reactivate miniaturized follicles in bald scalp or to harness the potential of wound healing and embryogenic development as an emerging paradigm to generate new hair follicles in barren skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain P Vasserot
- Allergan Plc, Research and External Scientific Innovation , Irvine , CA , USA
| | - Mikhail Geyfman
- Allergan Plc, Research and External Scientific Innovation , Irvine , CA , USA
| | - Neil J Poloso
- Allergan Plc, Research and External Scientific Innovation , Irvine , CA , USA
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24
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Daniels G, Akram S, Westgate GE, Tamburic S. Can plant-derived phytochemicals provide symptom relief for hair loss? A critical review. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:332-345. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Daniels
- Cosmetic Science Research Group; University of the Arts, London; 20 John Princes Street London U.K
| | - S. Akram
- Cosmetic Science Research Group; University of the Arts, London; 20 John Princes Street London U.K
| | - G. E. Westgate
- Gill Westgate Consultancy Ltd; Stevington Bedfordshire U.K
| | - S. Tamburic
- Cosmetic Science Research Group; University of the Arts, London; 20 John Princes Street London U.K
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