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Cavallo A, Camera E, Bottillo G, Maiellaro M, Truglio M, Marini F, Chavagnac-Bonneville M, Fauger A, Perrier E, Pigliacelli F, Picardo M, Cristaudo A, Mariano M. Biosignatures of defective sebaceous gland activity in sebum-rich and sebum-poor skin areas in adult atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15066. [PMID: 38532571 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a composite disease presenting disruption of the skin permeability barrier (SPB) in the stratum corneum (SC). Recent evidence supports derangement of the sebaceous gland (SG) activity in the AD pathomechanisms. The objective of this study was to delineate profiles of both sebaceous and epidermal lipids and of aminoacids from SG-rich (SGR) and SG-poor (SGP) areas in AD. Both sebum and SC were sampled from SGR areas, while SC was sampled also from SGP areas in 54 adult patients with AD, consisting of 34 and 20 subjects, respectively with and without clinical involvement of face, and in 44 age and sex-matched controls. Skin biophysics were assessed in all sampling sites. Disruption of the SBP was found to be associated with dysregulated lipidome. Abundance of sapienate and lignocerate, representing, respectively, sebum and the SC type lipids, were decreased in sebum and SC from both SGR and SGP areas. Analogously, squalene was significantly diminished in AD, regardless the site. Extent of lipid derangement in SGR areas was correlated with the AD severity. The abundance of aminoacids in the SC from SGR areas was altered more than that determined in SGP areas. Several gender-related differences were found in both controls and AD subgroups. In conclusion, the SG activity was differently compromised in adult females and males with AD, in both SGR and SGP areas. In AD, alterations in the aminoacidome profiles were apparent in the SGR areas. Lipid signatures in association with aminoacidome and skin physical properties may serve the definition of phenotype clusters that associate with AD severity and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cavallo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Bottillo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Maiellaro
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Truglio
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, 'La Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marlène Chavagnac-Bonneville
- Research and Development Department, NAOS Ecobiology Company (Bioderma- Institute Esthederm - Etat Pur), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Aurélie Fauger
- Research and Development Department, NAOS Ecobiology Company (Bioderma- Institute Esthederm - Etat Pur), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Eric Perrier
- NAOS, Institute of Life Science, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Department of Dermatological Clinic and Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Pigliacelli
- Department of Dermatological Clinic and Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaudo
- Department of Dermatological Clinic and Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Mariano
- Department of Dermatological Clinic and Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Huang L, Yang S, Yu X, Fang F, Zhu L, Wang L, Zhang X, Yang C, Qian Q, Zhu T. Association of different cell types and inflammation in early acne vulgaris. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1275269. [PMID: 38357543 PMCID: PMC10864487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1275269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris, one of the most common skin diseases, is a chronic cutaneous inflammation of the upper pilosebaceous unit (PSU) with complex pathogenesis. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. During the inflammatory process, the innate and adaptive immune systems are coordinately activated to induce immune responses. Understanding the infiltration and cytokine secretion of differential cells in acne lesions, especially in the early stages of inflammation, will provide an insight into the pathogenesis of acne. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the association of different cell types with inflammation in early acne vulgaris and provide a comprehensive understanding of skin inflammation and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuyun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The People’s Hospital of Baoshan, Baoshan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiuqin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fumin Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Changzhi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qihong Qian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Kovács D, Camera E, Póliska S, Cavallo A, Maiellaro M, Dull K, Gruber F, Zouboulis CC, Szegedi A, Törőcsik D. Linoleic Acid Induced Changes in SZ95 Sebocytes-Comparison with Palmitic Acid and Arachidonic Acid. Nutrients 2023; 15:3315. [PMID: 37571253 PMCID: PMC10420848 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) is an essential omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) derived from the diet. Sebocytes, whose primary role is to moisturise the skin, process free fatty acids (FFAs) to produce the lipid-rich sebum. Importantly, like other sebum components such as palmitic acid (PA), LA and its derivative arachidonic acid (AA) are known to modulate sebocyte functions. Given the different roles of PA, LA and AA in skin biology, the aim of this study was to assess the specificity of sebocytes for LA and to dissect the different roles of LA and AA in regulating sebocyte functions. Using RNA sequencing, we confirmed that gene expression changes in LA-treated sebocytes were largely distinct from those induced by PA. LA, but not AA, regulated the expression of genes related to cholesterol biosynthesis, androgen and nuclear receptor signalling, keratinisation, lipid homeostasis and differentiation. In contrast, a set of mostly down-regulated genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune functions overlapped in LA- and AA-treated sebocytes. Lipidomic analyses revealed that the changes in the lipid profile of LA-treated sebocytes were more pronounced than those of AA-treated sebocytes, suggesting that LA may serve not only as a precursor of AA but also as a potent regulator of sebaceous lipogenesis, which may not only influence the gene expression profile but also have further specific biological relevance. In conclusion, we have shown that sebocytes are able to respond selectively to different lipid stimuli and that LA-induced effects can be both AA-dependent and independent. Our findings allow for the consideration of LA application in the therapy of sebaceous gland-associated inflammatory skin diseases such as acne, where lipid modulation and selective targeting of AA metabolism are potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Kovács
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.K.); (K.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute—IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Alessia Cavallo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute—IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Miriam Maiellaro
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute—IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Katalin Dull
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.K.); (K.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Florian Gruber
- Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Auenweg 38, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.K.); (K.D.); (A.S.)
- ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.K.); (K.D.); (A.S.)
- ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Mukherjee S, Maheshwari D, Pal R, Sachdeva N. Pancreatic fat in type 2 diabetes: Causal or coincidental? World J Meta-Anal 2023; 11:68-78. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i3.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder affecting more than 450 million people across the globe. With the increasing prevalence of T2D and obesity, the role of fat accumulation at sites other than subcutaneous adipose tissue has received significant attention in the pathophysiology of T2D. Over the past decade and a half, a pressing concern has emerged on investigating the association of pancreatic fat accumulation or pancreatic steatosis with the development of disease. While a few reports have suggested a possible association between pancreatic fat and T2D and/or impaired glucose metabolism, a few reports suggest a lack of such association. Pancreatic fat has also been linked with genetic risk of developing T2D, prediabetes, reduced insulin secretion, and beta cell dysfunction albeit some confounding factors such as age and ethnicity may affect the outcome. With the technological advancements in clinical imaging and progress in assessment of pancreatic beta cell function, our understanding of the role of pancreatic fat in causing insulin resistance and development of various etiologies of T2D has significantly improved. This review summarizes various findings on the possible association of pancreatic fat accumulation with the pathophysiology of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Mukherjee
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Deep Maheshwari
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Rimesh Pal
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Naresh Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Flori E, Mastrofrancesco A, Ottaviani M, Maiellaro M, Zouboulis CC, Camera E. Desaturation of sebaceous-type saturated fatty acids through the SCD1 and the FADS2 pathways impacts lipid neosynthesis and inflammatory response in sebocytes in culture. Exp Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36843338 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Sebum is a lipid-rich mixture secreted by the sebaceous gland (SG) onto the skin surface. By penetrating through the epidermis, sebum may be involved in the regulation of epidermal and dermal cells in both healthy and diseased skin conditions. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (FAs), found as free FAs (FFAs) and in bound form in neutral lipids, are essential constituents of sebum and key players of the inflammatory processes occurring in the pilosebaceous unit in acne-prone skin. Little is known on the interplay among uptake of saturated FFAs, their biotransformation, and induction of proinflammatory cytokines in sebocytes. In the human SG, palmitate (C16:0) is the precursor of sapienate (C16:1n-10) formed by insertion of a double bond (DB) at the Δ6 position catalysed by the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) enzyme. Conversely, palmitoleate (C16:1n-7) is formed by insertion of a DB at the Δ9 position catalysed by the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) enzyme. Other FFAs processed in the SG, also undergo these main desaturation pathways. We investigated lipogenesis and release of IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory cytokines in SZ95 sebocytes in vitro after treatment with saturated FFAs, that is, C16:0, margarate (C17:0), and stearate (C18:0) with or without specific inhibitors of SCD1 and FADS2 desaturase enzymes, and a drug with mixed inhibitory effects on FADS1 and FADS2 activities. C16:0 underwent extended desaturation through both SCD1 and FADS2 catalysed pathways and displayed the strongest lipoinflammatory effects. Inhibition of desaturation pathways proved to enhance lipoinflammation induced by SFAs in SZ95 sebocytes. Palmitate (C16:0), margarate (C17:0), and stearate (C18:0) are saturated fatty acids that induce different arrays of neutral lipids (triglycerides) and dissimilar grades of inflammation in sebocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Flori
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre for Metabolomic Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Mastrofrancesco
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre for Metabolomic Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ottaviani
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre for Metabolomic Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Maiellaro
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre for Metabolomic Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre for Metabolomic Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Zouboulis CC, Coenye T, He L, Kabashima K, Kobayashi T, Niemann C, Nomura T, Oláh A, Picardo M, Quist SR, Sasano H, Schneider MR, Törőcsik D, Wong SY. Sebaceous immunobiology - skin homeostasis, pathophysiology, coordination of innate immunity and inflammatory response and disease associations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1029818. [PMID: 36439142 PMCID: PMC9686445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1029818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents several aspects of the innovative concept of sebaceous immunobiology, which summarizes the numerous activities of the sebaceous gland including its classical physiological and pathophysiological tasks, namely sebum production and the development of seborrhea and acne. Sebaceous lipids, which represent 90% of the skin surface lipids in adolescents and adults, are markedly involved in the skin barrier function and perifollicular and dermal innate immune processes, leading to inflammatory skin diseases. Innovative experimental techniques using stem cell and sebocyte models have clarified the roles of distinct stem cells in sebaceous gland physiology and sebocyte function control mechanisms. The sebaceous gland represents an integral part of the pilosebaceous unit and its status is connected to hair follicle morphogenesis. Interestingly, professional inflammatory cells contribute to sebocyte differentiation and homeostasis, whereas the regulation of sebaceous gland function by immune cells is antigen-independent. Inflammation is involved in the very earliest differentiation changes of the pilosebaceous unit in acne. Sebocytes behave as potent immune regulators, integrating into the innate immune responses of the skin. Expressing inflammatory mediators, sebocytes also contribute to the polarization of cutaneous T cells towards the Th17 phenotype. In addition, the immune response of the perifollicular infiltrate depends on factors produced by the sebaceous glands, mostly sebaceous lipids. Human sebocytes in vitro express functional pattern recognition receptors, which are likely to interact with bacteria in acne pathogenesis. Sex steroids, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands, neuropeptides, endocannabinoids and a selective apoptotic process contribute to a complex regulation of sebocyte-induced immunological reaction in numerous acquired and congenital skin diseases, including hair diseases and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Catherin Niemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, CMMC Research Institute, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mauro Picardo
- San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sven R. Quist
- Department of Dermatology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Marlon R. Schneider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen and ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sunny Y. Wong
- Departments of Dermatology and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Na HW, Kim HS, Choi H, Cha N, Seo YR, Hong YD, Kim HJ. Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911534. [PMID: 36232834 PMCID: PMC9570376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), an atmospheric pollutant with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm, can cause serious human health problems, including skin damage. Since sebocytes are involved in the regulation of skin homeostasis, it is necessary to study the effects of PM2.5 on sebocytes. We examined the role of PM2.5 via the identification of differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment and canonical pathway analysis, upstream regulator analysis, and disease and biological function analysis through mRNA sequencing. Xenobiotic and lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell barrier damage-related pathways were enriched; additionally, PM2.5 altered steroid hormone biosynthesis and retinol metabolism-related pathways. Consequently, PM2.5 increased lipid synthesis, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress and altered the lipid composition and expression of factors that affect cell barriers. Furthermore, PM2.5 altered the activity of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transforming growth factor beta-SMAD, and forkhead box O3-mediated pathways. We also suggest that the alterations in retinol and estrogen metabolism by PM2.5 are related to the damage. These results were validated using the HairSkin® model. Thus, our results provide evidence of the harmful effects of PM2.5 on sebocytes as well as new targets for alleviating the skin damage it causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Na
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Choi
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Nari Cha
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-280-5827; Fax: +82-31-899-2595
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Cao K, Liu Y, Liang N, Shen X, Li R, Yin H, Xiang L. Fatty Acid Profiling in Facial Sebum and Erythrocytes From Adult Patients With Moderate Acne. Front Physiol 2022; 13:921866. [PMID: 35800343 PMCID: PMC9253609 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) metabolism has been involved in acne vulgaris, a common inflammatory skin disease frequently observed in adolescents and adults, but it remains poorly defined whether the distributions or location of FA in facial sebum and those in the circulation differentially correlate with the disease. In a cohort of 47 moderate acne patients and 40 controls, sebum samples from forehead and chin areas were collected using Sebutape adhesive patches, and erythrocytes were separated from the fasting blood. Total FAs were analyzed by the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry method. Compared to control female subjects, female patients showed increased levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) from both facial areas, whereas decreased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from chin areas were observed. Interestingly, the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the circulating erythrocytes were significantly decreased in male patients compared with control. In addition, DHA levels in erythrocytes were positively correlated with PUFAs from sebum only in male subjects. Furthermore, female patients with moderate acne had more severe sebum abnormity and chin-specific FA profiles, consistent with higher acne incidences than males in adulthood, especially in the chin areas. Importantly, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were positively correlated with SFAs and MUFAs from sebum only in male subjects. In summary, differential spatial FA distributions in facial sebum and correlation with those in erythrocytes and IGF1 levels in serum may shed some light on the pathology of acne in male and female adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyong Yin, ; Leihong Xiang,
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyong Yin, ; Leihong Xiang,
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Liu R, Li J, Xu Y, Chen Z, Ye H, Tang J, Wei L, Liang L. Melatonin Attenuates LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokine Response and Lipogenesis in Human Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells via MAPK/NF-κB Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:6. [PMID: 35506935 PMCID: PMC9078073 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.5.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inflammation contributes to the development of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) under specific disease conditions, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We examined whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a proinflammatory cytokine response and lipogenesis in human meibomian gland epithelial cells (HMGECs) and whether melatonin (MLT), a powerful anti-inflammatory regent in the eyes, could protect against LPS-induced disorders. Methods Human meibomian gland (MG) tissues and immortalized HMGECs were stained to identify Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and MLT receptors (MT1 and MT2). HMGECs were pretreated with or without MLT and then stimulated with LPS. Then, TLR4 activation, cytokine levels, lipid synthesis, apoptosis, autophagy, and MAPK/NF-κB factor phosphorylation in HMGECs were analyzed. Results TLR4, MT1, and MT2 were expressed in human MG acini and HMGECs. Pretreatment with MLT inhibited the TLR4/MyD88 signaling and attenuated proinflammatory cytokine response and lipogenesis in LPS-stimulated HMGECs, which manifested as decreased production of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), reduced lipid droplet formation, and downregulated expression of meibum lipogenic proteins (ADFP, ELOVL4, and SREBP-1). Phospho-histone H2A.X foci, lysosome accumulation, and cytoplasmic cleaved caspase 3/LC3B-II staining were increased in LPS-stimulated HMGECs, indicating enhanced cell death mediated by apoptosis and autophagy during LPS-induced lipogenesis. MLT downregulated cleaved caspase 3 levels and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to alleviate apoptosis and ameliorated the expression of Beclin 1 and LC3B-II to inhibit autophagy. The protective mechanisms of MLT include the inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB phosphorylation. Conclusions MLT attenuated lipogenesis, apoptosis, and autophagy in HMGECs induced by proinflammatory stimuli, indicating the protective potential of MLT in MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Dull K, Fazekas F, Deák D, Kovács D, Póliska S, Szegedi A, Zouboulis CC, Törőcsik D. miR-146a modulates TLR1/2 and 4 induced inflammation and links it with proliferation and lipid production via the indirect regulation of GNG7 in human SZ95 sebocytes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21510. [PMID: 34728702 PMCID: PMC8563942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 1/2 and 4 are central in inducing inflammation in sebocytes by regulating the expression of protein coding mRNAs, however the microRNA (miRNA) profile in response to TLR activation and thus the possible role of miRNAs in modulating sebocyte functions has not been elucidated. In this work we identified miR-146a to have the highest induction in the TLR1/2 and 4 activated SZ95 sebocytes and found that its increased levels led to the down-regulation of IL-8 secretion, decreased the chemoattractant potential and stimulated the proliferation of sebocytes. Assessing the gene expression profile of SZ95 sebocytes treated with a miR-146a inhibitor, the induction of GNG7 was one of the highest, while when cells were treated with a miR-146a mimic, the expression of GNG7 was down-regulated. These findings correlated with our in situ hybridization results, that compared with control, miR-146a showed an increased, while GNG7 a decreased expression in sebaceous glands of acne samples. Further studies revealed, that when inhibiting the levels of GNG7 in SZ95 sebocytes, cells increased their lipid content and decreased their proliferation. Our findings suggest, that miR-146a could be a potential player in acne pathogenesis by regulating inflammation, inducing proliferation and, through the indirect down-regulation of GNG7, promoting the lipid production of sebocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Dull
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Fazekas
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Dávid Deák
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kovács
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.,Division of Dermatological Allergology, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Dániel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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11
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Zhang CL, Wang JJ, Li JN, Yang Y. Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease: An emerging clinical challenge. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:6624-6638. [PMID: 34447810 PMCID: PMC8362510 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) is an emerging disease that has gained an increasing amount of attention in recent years. It describes fat accumulation in the pancreas with insignificant alcohol consumption, but the pathogenesis is largely unknown. A wide range of terms have been used to describe the phenomenon of pancreatic fat accumulation, but NAFPD remains an under-recognized and non-independent disorder. Obesity, age, sex, race, and unhealthy lifestyle are established independent risk factors for NAFPD, which is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula, pancreatic cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. At present, imaging techniques are common diagnostic aids, but uniform criteria and consensus are lacking. Therapeutically, healthy diet, weight loss, and exercise are the mainstays to reduce pancreatic fat accumulation. It can be seen that there is a limited understanding of NAFPD at this stage and further exploration is needed. Previous studies have revealed that NAFPD may directly affect diagnosis and clinical decision-making. Therefore, exploring the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical associations of NAFPD is a major challenge for researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing-Jiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Ning Li
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Yang
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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12
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Passeron T, Zouboulis CC, Tan J, Andersen ML, Katta R, Lyu X, Aguilar L, Kerob D, Morita A, Krutmann J, Peters EMJ. Adult skin acute stress responses to short-term environmental and internal aggression from exposome factors. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1963-1975. [PMID: 34077579 PMCID: PMC8519049 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Exposome factors that lead to stressed skin can be defined as any disturbance to homeostasis from environmental (meteorological factors, solar radiation, pollution or tobacco smoke) and/or internal exposure (unhealthy diet, hormonal variations, lack of sleep, psychosocial stress). The clinical and biological impact of chronic exposome effects on skin functions has been extensively reviewed, whereas there is a paucity of information on the impact of short‐term acute exposure. Acute stress, which would typically last minutes to hours (and generally no more than a week), provokes a transient but robust neuroendocrine‐immune and tissue remodelling response in the skin and can alter the skin barrier. Firstly, we provide an overview of the biological effects of various acute stressors on six key skin functions, namely the skin physical barrier, pigmentation, defences (antioxidant, immune cell‐mediated, microbial and microbiome maintenance), structure (extracellular matrix and appendages), neuroendocrine and thermoregulation functions. Secondly, we describe the biological and clinical effects on adult skin from individual exposome factors that elicit an acute stress response and their consequences in skin health maintenance. Clinical manifestations of acutely stressed skin may include dry skin that might accentuate fine lines, oily skin, sensitive skin, pruritus, erythema, pale skin, sweating, oedema and flares of inflammatory skin conditions such as acne, rosacea, atopic dermatitis, pigmentation disorders and skin superinfection such as viral reactivation. Acute stresses can also induce scalp sensitivity, telogen effluvium and worsen alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Passeron
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Centre Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.,INSERM U1065, team 12, C3M, Nice, France
| | - C C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - J Tan
- Windsor Clinical Research Inc., Windsor, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - M L Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Katta
- Volunteer Clinical Faculty, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - X Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - L Aguilar
- L'Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-bois, France
| | - D Kerob
- Laboratoires Vichy, Levallois Perret, France
| | - A Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - J Krutmann
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Medical faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - E M J Peters
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Germany.,Charité Center 12 (CC12) for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Törőcsik D, Fazekas F, Póliska S, Gregus A, Janka EA, Dull K, Szegedi A, Zouboulis CC, Kovács D. Epidermal Growth Factor Modulates Palmitic Acid-Induced Inflammatory and Lipid Signaling Pathways in SZ95 Sebocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:600017. [PMID: 34025636 PMCID: PMC8134683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.600017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) acts as a paracrine and autocrine mediator of cell proliferation and differentiation in various types of epithelial cells, such as sebocytes, which produce the lipid-rich sebum to moisturize the skin. However, sebum lipids via direct contact and by penetrating through the epidermis may have regulatory roles on epidermal and dermal cells as well. As EGF receptor (EGFR) is expressed throughout the proliferating and the lipid-producing layers of sebaceous glands (SGs) in healthy and acne-involved skin, we investigated the effect of EGF on SZ95 sebocytes and how it may alter the changes induced by palmitic acid (PA), a major sebum component with bioactive roles. We found that EGF is not only a potent stimulator of sebocyte proliferation, but also induces the secretion of interleukin (IL)6 and down-regulates the expression of genes involved in steroid and retinoid metabolism. Importantly, when applied in combination with PA, the PA-induced lipid accumulation was decreased and the cells secreted increased IL6 levels. Functional clustering of the differentially regulated genes in SZ95 sebocytes treated with EGF, PA or co-treated with EGF+PA further confirmed that EGF may be a potent inducer of hyperproliferative/inflammatory pathways (IL1 signaling), an effect being more pronounced in the presence of PA. However, while a group of inflammatory genes was up-regulated significantly in EGF+PA co-treated sebocytes, PA treatment in the absence of EGF, regulated genes only related to cell homeostasis. Meta-analysis of the gene expression profiles of whole acne tissue samples and EGF- and EGF+PA -treated SZ95 sebocytes showed that the EGF+PA co-activation of sebocytes may also have implications in disease. Altogether, our results reveal that PA-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation can be modulated by EGF in sebocytes, which also highlights the need for system biological approaches to better understand sebaceous (immuno)biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Fazekas
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Gregus
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Anna Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dull
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Division of Dermatological Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Dóra Kovács
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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14
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Zouboulis CC, Angres S. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 and corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulate the inflammatory signalling in human sebocytes through activation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase and fatty acid desaturase 2. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:493-501. [PMID: 33131141 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) activates cells carrying a functional Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2/6. Human sebocytes express functional TLR-2, TLR-4 and CD14. Upregulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) expression induces pro-inflammatory sebaceous activity. On the other hand, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is likely to serve as an autocrine stress hormone in human sebocytes. In addition to its antiproliferative, lipogenetic and androgen-activating functions, CRH exhibits a pro-inflammatory action and its expression is upregulated in acne-involved sebaceous glands. OBJECTIVE Determination of the pro-inflammatory function of MALP-2 and CRH and clarification of the option that MALP-2 and/or CRH activity on human sebocytes might be mediated through SCD and/or FADS2. METHODS SZ95 sebocytes were treated with MALP-2, CRH and the SCD inhibitor/ligand FPCA. SCD, FADS2, TLR-2 mRNA and protein levels and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion were investigated. Intracellular CRH levels were assessed under treatment with CRH, MALP-2, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and dexamethasone served as positive and negative controls, respectively. RESULTS MALP-2 upregulated SCD, FADS2, TLR-2 mRNA and protein levels and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion from SZ95 sebocytes. Co-incubation of SZ95 sebocytes with MALP-2/FPCA did not affect the MALP-2-induced SCD mRNA upregulation but reduced FADS2 mRNA levels and inhibited IL-8 secretion. CRH induced an early, low-level SCD and FADS2 upregulation and TLR-2 and IL-8 secretion. High intracellular CRH concentrations could be detected early after CRH treatment and persisted up to 24 h. MALP-2 stimulated intracellular CRH levels. CONCLUSIONS MALP-2 stimulates the inflammatory signalling in human sebocytes through SCD and FADS2 activation. Inhibition of FADS2 mRNA levels and IL-8 secretion through MALP-2/FCPA co-incubation and diminution of fatty acid unsaturation might lead to a reduction of pro-inflammatory sebaceous lipids. CRH upregulates inflammatory signalling via the SCD/FADS2 pathway, and MALP-2 selectively enhances CRH levels in human sebocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - S Angres
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
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15
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Zouboulis CC. Endocrinology and immunology of acne: Two sides of the same coin. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:840-859. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology Dessau Medical Center Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg Dessau Germany
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16
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Wang H, Wang J, Zhou M, Jia Y, Yang M, He C. Prediction of neonatal acne based on maternal lipidomic profiling. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:2759-2766. [PMID: 32027074 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal acne occurs in the first few weeks after birth. Some lesions are more serious and leave scars. Maternal surface skin lipids (SSL) have a strong correlation with SSL of infants. The establishment of prediction rank model based on maternal SSL is essential to the prevention and treatment of neonatal acne. METHOD Surface skin lipids samples were collected from the mothers (M) of 56 neonatal acne patients and the mothers (HM) of 19 healthy infants. Surface skin lipids from the right forehead were collected using a noninvasive method. UPLC-QTOF-MS was applied to detect SSL. Partial least squares discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to screen and validate potential lipids. Random forest (RF) and ROC analysis were used to establish a prediction model and evaluate its accuracy. RESULTS Sixteen altered potential lipids belonging to fatty acids, sphingomyelins, and glycerides were associated with M. M had less lipids than HM. Spearman's correlation of 16 lipids revealed 9 with high correlation. They were chosen as characteristic values of the RF prediction model. And the model showed an average accuracy of 98% in the validation set. CONCLUSION We have established an RF model for predicting neonatal acne and have shown that high skin barrier-related lipids were markers for predicting neonatal acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hecong Wang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiateng Wang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Zhou
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Capital Institute of Paediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Congfen He
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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17
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Zouboulis CC, Yoshida GJ, Wu Y, Xia L, Schneider MR. Sebaceous gland: Milestones of 30‐year modelling research dedicated to the “brain of the skin”. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1069-1079. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology Dessau Medical Center Brandenburg Medical School Theodore Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg Dessau Germany
| | - Go J. Yoshida
- Department of Immunological Diagnosis Juntendo University School of Medicine Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School and Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Dermatology Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China
| | - Marlon R. Schneider
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) Berlin Germany
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18
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Clayton RW, Langan EA, Ansell DM, de Vos IJHM, Göbel K, Schneider MR, Picardo M, Lim X, van Steensel MAM, Paus R. Neuroendocrinology and neurobiology of sebaceous glands. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:592-624. [PMID: 31970855 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system communicates with peripheral tissues through nerve fibres and the systemic release of hypothalamic and pituitary neurohormones. Communication between the nervous system and the largest human organ, skin, has traditionally received little attention. In particular, the neuro-regulation of sebaceous glands (SGs), a major skin appendage, is rarely considered. Yet, it is clear that the SG is under stringent pituitary control, and forms a fascinating, clinically relevant peripheral target organ in which to study the neuroendocrine and neural regulation of epithelia. Sebum, the major secretory product of the SG, is composed of a complex mixture of lipids resulting from the holocrine secretion of specialised epithelial cells (sebocytes). It is indicative of a role of the neuroendocrine system in SG function that excess circulating levels of growth hormone, thyroxine or prolactin result in increased sebum production (seborrhoea). Conversely, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency result in reduced sebum production and dry skin. Furthermore, the androgen sensitivity of SGs appears to be under neuroendocrine control, as hypophysectomy (removal of the pituitary) renders SGs largely insensitive to stimulation by testosterone, which is crucial for maintaining SG homeostasis. However, several neurohormones, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, can stimulate sebum production independently of either the testes or the adrenal glands, further underscoring the importance of neuroendocrine control in SG biology. Moreover, sebocytes synthesise several neurohormones and express their receptors, suggestive of the presence of neuro-autocrine mechanisms of sebocyte modulation. Aside from the neuroendocrine system, it is conceivable that secretion of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters from cutaneous nerve endings may also act on sebocytes or their progenitors, given that the skin is richly innervated. However, to date, the neural controls of SG development and function remain poorly investigated and incompletely understood. Botulinum toxin-mediated or facial paresis-associated reduction of human sebum secretion suggests that cutaneous nerve-derived substances modulate lipid and inflammatory cytokine synthesis by sebocytes, possibly implicating the nervous system in acne pathogenesis. Additionally, evidence suggests that cutaneous denervation in mice alters the expression of key regulators of SG homeostasis. In this review, we examine the current evidence regarding neuroendocrine and neurobiological regulation of human SG function in physiology and pathology. We further call attention to this line of research as an instructive model for probing and therapeutically manipulating the mechanistic links between the nervous system and mammalian skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Clayton
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore
| | - Ewan A Langan
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Department of Dermatology, Allergology und Venereology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - David M Ansell
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Ivo J H M de Vos
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore
| | - Klaus Göbel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore.,Department of Dermatology, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), and Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, The University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, Berlin, 10589, Germany
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Xinhong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Maurice A M van Steensel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Dr. Phllip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB 2023A, Miami, FL, 33136, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, 48149, Germany
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