1
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Schibler AC, Jevtic P, Pegoraro G, Levy DL, Misteli T. Identification of epigenetic modulators as determinants of nuclear size and shape. eLife 2023; 12:e80653. [PMID: 37219077 PMCID: PMC10259489 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The shape and size of the human cell nucleus is highly variable among cell types and tissues. Changes in nuclear morphology are associated with disease, including cancer, as well as with premature and normal aging. Despite the very fundamental nature of nuclear morphology, the cellular factors that determine nuclear shape and size are not well understood. To identify regulators of nuclear architecture in a systematic and unbiased fashion, we performed a high-throughput imaging-based siRNA screen targeting 867 nuclear proteins including chromatin-associated proteins, epigenetic regulators, and nuclear envelope components. Using multiple morphometric parameters, and eliminating cell cycle effectors, we identified a set of novel determinants of nuclear size and shape. Interestingly, most identified factors altered nuclear morphology without affecting the levels of lamin proteins, which are known prominent regulators of nuclear shape. In contrast, a major group of nuclear shape regulators were modifiers of repressive heterochromatin. Biochemical and molecular analysis uncovered a direct physical interaction of histone H3 with lamin A mediated via combinatorial histone modifications. Furthermore, disease-causing lamin A mutations that result in disruption of nuclear shape inhibited lamin A-histone H3 interactions. Oncogenic histone H3.3 mutants defective for H3K27 methylation resulted in nuclear morphology abnormalities. Altogether, our results represent a systematic exploration of cellular factors involved in determining nuclear morphology and they identify the interaction of lamin A with histone H3 as an important contributor to nuclear morphology in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Predrag Jevtic
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of WyomingLaramieUnited States
| | - Gianluca Pegoraro
- High Throughput Imaging Facility (HiTIF), National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaUnited States
| | - Daniel L Levy
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of WyomingLaramieUnited States
| | - Tom Misteli
- National Cancer InstituteBethesdaUnited States
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2
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Gado F, Ferrisi R, Di Somma S, Napolitano F, Mohamed KA, Stevenson LA, Rapposelli S, Saccomanni G, Portella G, Pertwee RG, Laprairie RB, Malfitano AM, Manera C. Synthesis and In Vitro Characterization of Selective Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Agonists: Biological Evaluation against Neuroblastoma Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:3019. [PMID: 35566369 PMCID: PMC9101764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide structures were previously identified as a promising scaffold from which to obtain CB2R agonists with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity. This work describes the synthesis and functional characterization of new 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one-3-carboxamides with high affinity and selectivity for CB2R. The new compounds were able to pharmacologically modulate the cAMP response without modulating CB2R-dependent β-arrestin2 recruitment. These structures were also evaluated for their anti-cancer activity against SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE cells. They were able to reduce the cell viability of both neuroblastoma cancer cell lines with micromolar potency (IC50 of FG158a = 11.8 μM and FG160a = 13.2 μM in SH-SY5Y cells) by a CB2R-mediated mechanism. Finally, in SH-SY5Y cells one of the newly synthesized compounds, FG158a, was able to modulate ERK1/2 expression by a CB2R-mediated effect, thus suggesting that this signaling pathway might be involved in its potential anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gado
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.G.); (R.F.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Rebecca Ferrisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.G.); (R.F.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.D.S.); (F.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.D.S.); (F.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Kawthar A. Mohamed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (K.A.M.); (R.B.L.)
| | - Lesley A. Stevenson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (L.A.S.); (R.G.P.)
| | - Simona Rapposelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.G.); (R.F.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Saccomanni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.G.); (R.F.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.D.S.); (F.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Roger G. Pertwee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (L.A.S.); (R.G.P.)
| | - Robert B. Laprairie
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (K.A.M.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.D.S.); (F.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Clementina Manera
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.G.); (R.F.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
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3
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Lai W, Wong W. Progress and trends in the development of therapies for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13175. [PMID: 32596971 PMCID: PMC7370734 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disease that leads to accelerated aging and often premature death caused by cardiovascular complications. Till now clinical management of HGPS has largely relied on the treatment of manifestations and on the prevention of secondary complications, cure for the disease has not yet been established. Addressing this need cannot only benefit progeria patients but may also provide insights into intervention design for combating physiological aging. By using the systematic review approach, this article revisits the overall progress in the development of strategies for HGPS treatment over the last ten years, from 2010 to 2019. In total, 1,906 articles have been retrieved, of which 56 studies have been included for further analysis. Based on the articles analyzed, the trends in the use of different HGPS models, along with the prevalence, efficiency, and limitations of different reported treatment strategies, have been examined. Emerging strategies for preclinical studies, and possible targets for intervention development, have also been presented as avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing‐Fu Lai
- School of Life and Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China
| | - Wing‐Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China
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4
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Qu F, Cui Y, Zeng J, Zhang M, Qiu S, Huang X, Chen A. Acupuncture induces adenosine in fibroblasts through energy metabolism and promotes proliferation by activating MAPK signaling pathway via adenosine 3 receptor. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2441-2451. [PMID: 31556103 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture has many advantages in the treatment of certain diseases as opposed to drug therapy. Besides, adenosine has been revealed to affect cellular progression including proliferation. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the mechanism involving acupuncture stress and adenosine in fibroblast proliferation. The fibroblasts from fascia tissues of the acupoint area (Zusanli) were stimulated by different levels of stress, different concentrations of adenosine, and agonist or antagonist of A3 receptor (A3 R) to investigate the effect of stress stimulation, adenosine, and adenosine-A3 R inhibition on fibroblasts. Then, the fibroblasts were treated with stress stimulation of 200 kPa or/and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) blocker. We revealed that stress stimulation and the binding of adenosine and A3 R promoted fibroblast proliferation in the fascial tissue, increased the expression of immune-related factors, adenosine and A3 R, and activated the MAPK signaling pathway. MAPK signaling pathway also directly affected the expression of adenosine, A3 R, and immune-related factors. Stress stimulation and adenosine treatment upregulated A3 R expression, and then activated the MAPK signaling pathway, which could in turn upregulate expression of adenosine, A3 R and immune-related factors, and promote cell proliferation. Adenosine is shown to form a positive feedback loop with the MAPK signaling pathway. Collectively, stress stimulation in vitro induces the increase of adenosine in fibroblasts through the energy metabolism and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway through A3 R, ultimately promoting fibroblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaying Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Aishe Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Computational Exploration for Lead Compounds That Can Reverse the Nuclear Morphology in Progeria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5270940. [PMID: 29226142 PMCID: PMC5684607 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5270940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Progeria is a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature aging that eventually leads to death and is noticed globally. Despite alarming conditions, this disease lacks effective medications; however, the farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) are a hope in the dark. Therefore, the objective of the present article is to identify new compounds from the databases employing pharmacophore based virtual screening. Utilizing nine training set compounds along with lonafarnib, a common feature pharmacophore was constructed consisting of four features. The validated Hypo1 was subsequently allowed to screen Maybridge, Chembridge, and Asinex databases to retrieve the novel lead candidates, which were then subjected to Lipinski's rule of 5 and ADMET for drug-like assessment. The obtained 3,372 compounds were forwarded to docking simulations and were manually examined for the key interactions with the crucial residues. Two compounds that have demonstrated a higher dock score than the reference compounds and showed interactions with the crucial residues were subjected to MD simulations and binding free energy calculations to assess the stability of docked conformation and to investigate the binding interactions in detail. Furthermore, this study suggests that the Hits may be more effective against progeria and further the DFT studies were executed to understand their orbital energies.
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6
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Janin A, Bauer D, Ratti F, Millat G, Méjat A. Nuclear envelopathies: a complex LINC between nuclear envelope and pathology. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017; 12:147. [PMID: 28854936 PMCID: PMC5577761 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-017-0698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the identification of the first disease causing mutation in the gene coding for emerin, a transmembrane protein of the inner nuclear membrane, hundreds of mutations and variants have been found in genes encoding for nuclear envelope components. These proteins can be part of the inner nuclear membrane (INM), such as emerin or SUN proteins, outer nuclear membrane (ONM), such as Nesprins, or the nuclear lamina, such as lamins A and C. However, they physically interact with each other to insure the nuclear envelope integrity and mediate the interactions of the nuclear envelope with both the genome, on the inner side, and the cytoskeleton, on the outer side. The core of this complex, called LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton to Cytoskeleton) is composed of KASH and SUN homology domain proteins. SUN proteins are INM proteins which interact with lamins by their N-terminal domain and with the KASH domain of nesprins located in the ONM by their C-terminal domain.Although most of these proteins are ubiquitously expressed, their mutations have been associated with a large number of clinically unrelated pathologies affecting specific tissues. Moreover, variants in SUN proteins have been found to modulate the severity of diseases induced by mutations in other LINC components or interactors. For these reasons, the diagnosis and the identification of the molecular explanation of "nuclear envelopathies" is currently challenging.The aim of this review is to summarize the human diseases caused by mutations in genes coding for INM proteins, nuclear lamina, and ONM proteins, and to discuss their potential physiopathological mechanisms that could explain the large spectrum of observed symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Janin
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Bauer
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francesca Ratti
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Millat
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Méjat
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,Nuclear Architecture Team, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217 - Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. .,Groupement Hospitalier Est - Centre de Biologie Est - Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
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7
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Ribas J, Zhang YS, Pitrez PR, Leijten J, Miscuglio M, Rouwkema J, Dokmeci MR, Nissan X, Ferreira L, Khademhosseini A. Biomechanical Strain Exacerbates Inflammation on a Progeria-on-a-Chip Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201603737. [PMID: 28211642 PMCID: PMC5545787 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip platforms seek to recapitulate the complex microenvironment of human organs using miniaturized microfluidic devices. Besides modeling healthy organs, these devices have been used to model diseases, yielding new insights into pathophysiology. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease showing accelerated vascular aging, leading to the death of patients due to cardiovascular diseases. HGPS targets primarily vascular cells, which reside in mechanically active tissues. Here, a progeria-on-a-chip model is developed and the effects of biomechanical strain are examined in the context of vascular aging and disease. Physiological strain induces a contractile phenotype in primary smooth muscle cells (SMCs), while a pathological strain induces a hypertensive phenotype similar to that of angiotensin II treatment. Interestingly, SMCs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells of HGPS donors (HGPS iPS-SMCs), but not from healthy donors, show an exacerbated inflammatory response to strain. In particular, increased levels of inflammation markers as well as DNA damage are observed. Pharmacological intervention reverses the strain-induced damage by shifting gene expression profile away from inflammation. The progeria-on-a-chip is a relevant platform to study biomechanics in vascular biology, particularly in the setting of vascular disease and aging, while simultaneously facilitating the discovery of new drugs and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ribas
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Doctoral Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrícia R. Pitrez
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Miscuglio
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xavier Nissan
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Evry Cedex 91030, France
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8
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Voller J, Maková B, Kadlecová A, Gonzalez G, Strnad M. Plant Hormone Cytokinins for Modulating Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases. HEALTHY AGEING AND LONGEVITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63001-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Blondel S, Egesipe AL, Picardi P, Jaskowiak AL, Notarnicola M, Ragot J, Tournois J, Le Corf A, Brinon B, Poydenot P, Georges P, Navarro C, Pitrez PR, Ferreira L, Bollot G, Bauvais C, Laustriat D, Mejat A, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Levy N, Bifulco M, Peschanski M, Nissan X. Drug screening on Hutchinson Gilford progeria pluripotent stem cells reveals aminopyrimidines as new modulators of farnesylation. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2105. [PMID: 26890144 PMCID: PMC5399184 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a dramatic appearance of premature aging. HGPS is due to a single-base substitution in exon 11 of the LMNA gene (c.1824C>T) leading to the production of a toxic form of the prelamin A protein called progerin. Because farnesylation process had been shown to control progerin toxicity, in this study we have developed a screening method permitting to identify new pharmacological inhibitors of farnesylation. For this, we have used the unique potential of pluripotent stem cells to have access to an unlimited and relevant biological resource and test 21,608 small molecules. This study identified several compounds, called monoaminopyrimidines, which target two key enzymes of the farnesylation process, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and farnesyl transferase, and rescue in vitro phenotypes associated with HGPS. Our results opens up new therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of HGPS by identifying a new family of protein farnesylation inhibitors, and which may also be applicable to cancers and diseases associated with mutations that involve farnesylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Blondel
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,UEVE, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - A-L Egesipe
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - P Picardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Allende, Baronissi Salerno 84081, Italy
| | - A-L Jaskowiak
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - M Notarnicola
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute for Digestive Diseases "S. de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari 70013, Italy
| | - J Ragot
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,UEVE, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - J Tournois
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - A Le Corf
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,UEVE, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - B Brinon
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - P Poydenot
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - P Georges
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - C Navarro
- Aix Marseille Université, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - P R Pitrez
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marques de Pombal, Coimbra 3004-517, Portugal
| | - L Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marques de Pombal, Coimbra 3004-517, Portugal
| | - G Bollot
- SYNSIGHT, a/s IncubAlliance 86 rue de Paris Orsay 91400, France
| | - C Bauvais
- SYNSIGHT, a/s IncubAlliance 86 rue de Paris Orsay 91400, France
| | - D Laustriat
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - A Mejat
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, UMR 5239 CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCBL, 46 Allée d'Italie, Lyon, France
| | - A De Sandre-Giovannoli
- Aix Marseille Université, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - N Levy
- Aix Marseille Université, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR S 910: Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - M Bifulco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Allende, Baronissi Salerno 84081, Italy
| | - M Peschanski
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,UEVE, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
| | - X Nissan
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,UEVE, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France.,CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Evry Cedex 91030, France
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10
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Bercht Pfleghaar K, Taimen P, Butin-Israeli V, Shimi T, Langer-Freitag S, Markaki Y, Goldman AE, Wehnert M, Goldman RD. Gene-rich chromosomal regions are preferentially localized in the lamin B deficient nuclear blebs of atypical progeria cells. Nucleus 2015; 6:66-76. [PMID: 25738644 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2015.1004256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 20 mutations in the gene encoding A-type lamins (LMNA) cause progeria, a rare premature aging disorder. The major pathognomonic hallmarks of progeria cells are seen as nuclear deformations or blebs that are related to the redistribution of A- and B-type lamins within the nuclear lamina. However, the functional significance of these progeria-associated blebs remains unknown. We have carried out an analysis of the structural and functional consequences of progeria-associated nuclear blebs in dermal fibroblasts from a progeria patient carrying a rare point mutation p.S143F (C428T) in lamin A/C. These blebs form microdomains that are devoid of major structural components of the nuclear envelope (NE)/lamina including B-type lamins and nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and are enriched in A-type lamins. Using laser capture microdissection and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses, we show that, while these domains are devoid of centromeric heterochromatin and gene-poor regions of chromosomes, they are enriched in gene-rich chromosomal regions. The active form of RNA polymerase II is also greatly enriched in blebs as well as nascent RNA but the nuclear co-activator SKIP is significantly reduced in blebs compared to other transcription factors. Our results suggest that the p.S143F progeria mutation has a severe impact not only on the structure of the lamina but also on the organization of interphase chromatin domains and transcription. These structural defects are likely to contribute to gene expression changes reported in progeria and other types of laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Bercht Pfleghaar
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology ; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University ; Chicago , IL USA
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Sizing and shaping the nucleus: mechanisms and significance. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2014; 28:16-27. [PMID: 24503411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The size and shape of the nucleus are tightly regulated, indicating the physiological significance of proper nuclear morphology, yet the mechanisms and functions of nuclear size and shape regulation remain poorly understood. Correlations between altered nuclear morphology and certain disease states have long been observed, most notably many cancers are diagnosed and staged based on graded increases in nuclear size. Here we review recent studies investigating the mechanisms regulating nuclear size and shape, how mitotic events influence nuclear morphology, and the role of nuclear size and shape in subnuclear chromatin organization and cancer progression.
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