1
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Macías Á, Díaz-Larrosa JJ, Blanco Y, Fanjul V, González-Gómez C, Gonzalo P, Andrés-Manzano MJ, da Rocha AM, Ponce-Balbuena D, Allan A, Filgueiras-Rama D, Jalife J, Andrés V. Paclitaxel mitigates structural alterations and cardiac conduction system defects in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:503-516. [PMID: 33624748 PMCID: PMC8803078 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an ultrarare laminopathy caused by expression of progerin, a lamin A variant, also present at low levels in non-HGPS individuals. HGPS patients age and die prematurely, predominantly from cardiovascular complications. Progerin-induced cardiac repolarization defects have been described previously, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted studies in heart tissue from progerin-expressing LmnaG609G/G609G (G609G) mice, including microscopy, intracellular calcium dynamics, patch-clamping, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging, and electrocardiography. G609G mouse cardiomyocytes showed tubulin-cytoskeleton disorganization, t-tubular system disruption, sarcomere shortening, altered excitation-contraction coupling, and reductions in ventricular thickening and cardiac index. G609G mice exhibited severe bradycardia, and significant alterations of atrio-ventricular conduction and repolarization. Most importantly, 50% of G609G mice had altered heart rate variability, and sinoatrial block, both significant signs of premature cardiac aging. G609G cardiomyocytes had electrophysiological alterations, which resulted in an elevated action potential plateau and early afterdepolarization bursting, reflecting slower sodium current inactivation and long Ca+2 transient duration, which may also help explain the mild QT prolongation in some HGPS patients. Chronic treatment with low-dose paclitaxel ameliorated structural and functional alterations in G609G hearts. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that tubulin-cytoskeleton disorganization in progerin-expressing cardiomyocytes causes structural, cardiac conduction, and excitation-contraction coupling defects, all of which can be partially corrected by chronic treatment with low dose paclitaxel.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials/drug effects
- Animals
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/metabolism
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
- Cytoskeleton/drug effects
- Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Cytoskeleton/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Excitation Contraction Coupling/drug effects
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Heart Conduction System/drug effects
- Heart Conduction System/metabolism
- Heart Conduction System/physiopathology
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Lamin Type A/genetics
- Lamin Type A/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Paclitaxel/pharmacology
- Progeria/drug therapy
- Progeria/genetics
- Progeria/metabolism
- Progeria/physiopathology
- Refractory Period, Electrophysiological/drug effects
- Swine
- Swine, Miniature
- Tubulin/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Macías
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Jaime Díaz-Larrosa
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yaazan Blanco
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Fanjul
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina González-Gómez
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andre Monteiro da Rocha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - Daniela Ponce-Balbuena
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - Andrew Allan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - David Filgueiras-Rama
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Myocardial, Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jalife
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
- Myocardial, Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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2
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von Kleeck R, Castagnino P, Roberts E, Talwar S, Ferrari G, Assoian RK. Decreased vascular smooth muscle contractility in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome linked to defective smooth muscle myosin heavy chain expression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10625. [PMID: 34012019 PMCID: PMC8134495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) suffer from multiple cardiovascular pathologies due to the expression of progerin, a mutant form of the nuclear envelope protein Lamin A. Progerin expression has a dramatic effect on arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and results in decreased viability and increased arterial stiffness. However, very little is known about how progerin affects SMC contractility. Here, we studied the LaminAG609G/G609G mouse model of HGPS and found reduced arterial contractility at an early age that correlates with a decrease in smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC) mRNA and protein expression. Traction force microscopy on isolated SMCs from these mice revealed reduced force generation compared to wild-type controls; this effect was phenocopied by depletion of SM-MHC in WT SMCs and overcome by ectopic expression of SM-MHC in HGPS SMCs. Arterial SM-MHC levels are also reduced with age in wild-type mice and humans, suggesting a common defect in arterial contractility in HGPS and normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan von Kleeck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emilia Roberts
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shefali Talwar
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Giovanni Ferrari
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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3
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Nevado RM, Hamczyk MR, Gonzalo P, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Andrés V. Premature Vascular Aging with Features of Plaque Vulnerability in an Atheroprone Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome with Ldlr Deficiency. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102252. [PMID: 33049978 PMCID: PMC7601818 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is among the most devastating of the laminopathies, rare genetic diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamina proteins. HGPS patients age prematurely and die in adolescence, typically of atherosclerosis-associated complications. The mechanisms of HGPS-related atherosclerosis are not fully understood due to the scarcity of patient-derived samples and the availability of only one atheroprone mouse model of the disease. Here, we generated a new atherosusceptible model of HGPS by crossing progeroid LmnaG609G/G609G mice, which carry a disease-causing mutation in the Lmna gene, with Ldlr−/− mice, a commonly used preclinical atherosclerosis model. Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice aged prematurely and had reduced body weight and survival. Compared with control mice, Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mouse aortas showed a higher atherosclerosis burden and structural abnormalities typical of HGPS patients, including vascular smooth muscle cell depletion in the media, adventitial thickening, and elastin structure alterations. Atheromas of Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice had features of unstable plaques, including the presence of erythrocytes and iron deposits and reduced smooth muscle cell and collagen content. Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice faithfully recapitulate vascular features found in patients and thus provide a new tool for studying the mechanisms of HGPS-related atherosclerosis and for testing therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Aging, Premature/metabolism
- Aging, Premature/physiopathology
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Lamin Type A/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Nuclear Lamina/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Progeria/metabolism
- Progeria/physiopathology
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Nevado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Magda R. Hamczyk
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-453-1200
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4
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Ahmed B, Basheer R, Irfan M, Hamid Akash MS, Muhammad SA, Qadir MI. Mini-Review: molecular elucidations of hutchinson-gilford progeria syndrome: A hope for managing horrors of premature aging in children. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:1179-1182. [PMID: 33191246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome (or Progeria) is an exceptionally rare genetic disorder in children. It is caused by a rare point mutation in the lamin gene. It encodes lamin A protein, resulting in the de-shaping of nuclear membrane. This altered structure of the nuclear membrane renders the nucleus unstable. The shortened lifespan of the nucleus makes the cell liable for rapid ageing. Children are healthy by appearance when they are born but the signs appear after 12-24 months of age. Cardiovascular system is greatly affected which became a reason for the death of most of the patients of progeria. Stiffened joints disturb the bone movements; and alopecia affects the appearance of the patient. Rate of occurrence of the disease is one per four hundred thousand of people, though both sexes are equally affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ruby Basheer
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Qadir
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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5
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del Campo L, Sánchez-López A, González-Gómez C, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Dorado B, Andrés V. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific Progerin Expression Provokes Contractile Impairment in a Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome that Is Ameliorated by Nitrite Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030656. [PMID: 32182706 PMCID: PMC7140649 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death worldwide, and aging is its leading risk factor. Aging is much accelerated in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), an ultra-rare genetic disorder provoked by the ubiquitous expression of a mutant protein called progerin. HGPS patients die in their teens, primarily due to cardiovascular complications. The primary causes of age-associated CVD are endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated vascular tone; however, their contribution to progerin-induced CVD remains poorly characterized. In the present study, we found that progeroid LmnaG609G/G609G mice with ubiquitous progerin expression show both endothelial dysfunction and severe contractile impairment. To assess the relative contribution of specific vascular cell types to these anomalies, we examined LmnaLCS/LCSTie2Cretg/+ and LmnaLCS/LCSSm22αCretg/+ mice, which express progerin specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively. Whereas vessel contraction was impaired in mice with VSMC-specific progerin expression, we observed no endothelial dysfunction in mice with progerin expression restricted to VSMCs or ECs. Vascular tone regulation in progeroid mice was ameliorated by dietary sodium nitrite supplementation. Our results identify VSMCs as the main cell type causing contractile impairment in a mouse model of HGPS that is ameliorated by nitrite treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara del Campo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Amanda Sánchez-López
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Cristina González-Gómez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Beatriz Dorado
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-453-1200
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6
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Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a segmental premature aging disease causing patient death by early teenage years from cardiovascular dysfunction. Although HGPS does not totally recapitulate normal aging, it does harbor many similarities to the normal aging process, with patients also developing cardiovascular disease, alopecia, bone and joint abnormalities, and adipose changes. It is unsurprising, then, that as physicians and scientists have searched for treatments for HGPS, they have targeted many pathways known to be involved in normal aging, including inflammation, DNA damage, epigenetic changes, and stem cell exhaustion. Although less studied at a mechanistic level, severe metabolic problems are observed in HGPS patients. Interestingly, new research in animal models of HGPS has demonstrated impressive lifespan improvements secondary to metabolic interventions. As such, further understanding metabolism, its contribution to HGPS, and its therapeutic potential has far-reaching ramifications for this disease still lacking a robust treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Kreienkamp
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics Residency, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA;
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-314-977-9244
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7
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Abstract
The primary risk factor for most musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is aging. To treat the diverse types of musculoskeletal diseases and pathologies, targeting their root cause, the aging process itself, has the potential to slow or prevent multiple age-related musculoskeletal conditions simultaneously. However, the development of approaches to delay onset of age related diseases, including musculoskeletal pathologies, has been slowed by the relatively long lifespan of rodent models of aging. Thus, to expedite the development of therapeutic approaches for age-related musculoskeletal disease, the implementation of mouse models of accelerated musculoskeletal aging are of great utility. Currently there are multiple genetically diverse mouse models that mirror certain aspects of normal human and mouse aging. Here, we provide a review of some of the most relevant murine models of accelerated aging that mimic many aspects of natural musculoskeletal aging, highlighting their relative strengths and weaknesses. Importantly, these murine models of accelerated aging recapitulate phenotypes of musculoskeletal age-related decline observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Hambright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, United States of America.
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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8
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Lessel D, Ozel AB, Campbell SE, Saadi A, Arlt MF, McSweeney KM, Plaiasu V, Szakszon K, Szőllős A, Rusu C, Rojas AJ, Lopez-Valdez J, Thiele H, Nürnberg P, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Li JZ, Kubisch C, Glover TW, Gordon LB. Analyses of LMNA-negative juvenile progeroid cases confirms biallelic POLR3A mutations in Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch-like syndrome and expands the phenotypic spectrum of PYCR1 mutations. Hum Genet 2018; 137:921-939. [PMID: 30450527 PMCID: PMC6652186 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-018-1957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile segmental progeroid syndromes are rare, heterogeneous disorders characterized by signs of premature aging affecting more than one tissue or organ starting in childhood. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), caused by a recurrent de novo synonymous LMNA mutation resulting in aberrant splicing and generation of a mutant product called progerin, is a prototypical example of such disorders. Here, we performed a joint collaborative study using massively parallel sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing, aimed at delineating the underlying genetic cause of 14 previously undiagnosed, clinically heterogeneous, non-LMNA-associated juvenile progeroid patients. The molecular diagnosis was achieved in 11 of 14 cases (~ 79%). Furthermore, we firmly establish biallelic mutations in POLR3A as the genetic cause of a recognizable, neonatal, Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch-like progeroid syndrome. Thus, we suggest that POLR3A mutations are causal for a portion of under-diagnosed early-onset segmental progeroid syndromes. We additionally expand the clinical spectrum associated with PYCR1 mutations by showing that they can somewhat resemble HGPS in the first year of life. Moreover, our results lead to clinical reclassification in one single case. Our data emphasize the complex genetic and clinical heterogeneity underlying progeroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Susan E Campbell
- Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Abdelkrim Saadi
- Service de neurologie, CHU Ben Aknoun Alger, 2 route des deux Bassins, BenAknoun,, Algers, Algeria
| | - Martin F Arlt
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Keisha Melodi McSweeney
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 20993, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Vasilica Plaiasu
- Regional Center of Medical Genetics, Alessandrescu-Rusescu INSMC, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Katalin Szakszon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anna Szőllős
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Cristina Rusu
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Armando J Rojas
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jaime Lopez-Valdez
- Department of Genetics, Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas W Glover
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Leslie B Gordon
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Passarelli PC, Pasquantonio G, Manicone PF, Cerroni L, Condo’ R, Mancini M, D’Addona A. Orofacial signs and dental abnormalities in patients with Mulvihill-Smith syndrome: A literature review on this rare progeroid pathology. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0656. [PMID: 29718885 PMCID: PMC6392951 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mulvihill-Smith syndrome is a rare sporadic condition that was first recognized in 1975. A total of 11 cases have been described in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe the orofacial signs and dental anomalies, their frequency, and the relationship between Mulvihill-Smith syndrome and other progeroid syndromes via a review of the literature. METHODS A systematic PubMed search was performed to retrieve articles published between 1975 and the present day that described patients affected by Mulvihill-Smith syndrome. The search identified 14 articles, and data on 11 patients were extracted from the selected articles. RESULTS A total of 7 patients (63.6%) affected by Mulvihill-Smith syndrome were described as having a typical "bird" face. Dental abnormalities, including irregular shape, enamel defects, hypodontia, and taurodontism, were described in 6 patients (54.5%). All patients (100%) had multiple pigmented nevi on the face and a lack or thinning of subcutaneous tissue around the neck and face. Three patients with Mulvihill-Smith syndrome exhibited early onset of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, including the tongue. CONCLUSION Mulvihill-Smith syndrome is a clinically complex disease that may be caused by a single gene mutation. Numerous different tissues of the body are affected. This analysis of the orofacial signs may help clinicians to diagnose this rare pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Carmine Passarelli
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome, Gemelli Hospital
| | - Guido Pasquantonio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Francesco Manicone
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome, Gemelli Hospital
| | - Loredana Cerroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Condo’
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuele Mancini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio D’Addona
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome, Gemelli Hospital
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10
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Abstract
Deregulation of precursor mRNA splicing is associated with many illnesses and has been linked to age-related chronic diseases. Here we review recent progress documenting how defects in the machinery that performs intron removal and controls splice site selection contribute to cellular senescence and organismal aging. We discuss the functional association linking p53, IGF-1, SIRT1, and ING-1 splice variants with senescence and aging, and review a selection of splicing defects occurring in accelerated aging (progeria), vascular aging, and Alzheimer's disease. Overall, it is becoming increasingly clear that changes in the activity of splicing factors and in the production of key splice variants can impact cellular senescence and the aging phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Deschênes
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecJ1E 4K8Canada
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecJ1E 4K8Canada
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11
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Ribas J, Zhang YS, Pitrez PR, Leijten J, Miscuglio M, Rouwkema J, Dokmeci MR, Nissan X, Ferreira L, Khademhosseini A. Biomechanical Strain Exacerbates Inflammation on a Progeria-on-a-Chip Model. Small 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201603737. [PMID: 28211642 PMCID: PMC5545787 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip platforms seek to recapitulate the complex microenvironment of human organs using miniaturized microfluidic devices. Besides modeling healthy organs, these devices have been used to model diseases, yielding new insights into pathophysiology. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease showing accelerated vascular aging, leading to the death of patients due to cardiovascular diseases. HGPS targets primarily vascular cells, which reside in mechanically active tissues. Here, a progeria-on-a-chip model is developed and the effects of biomechanical strain are examined in the context of vascular aging and disease. Physiological strain induces a contractile phenotype in primary smooth muscle cells (SMCs), while a pathological strain induces a hypertensive phenotype similar to that of angiotensin II treatment. Interestingly, SMCs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells of HGPS donors (HGPS iPS-SMCs), but not from healthy donors, show an exacerbated inflammatory response to strain. In particular, increased levels of inflammation markers as well as DNA damage are observed. Pharmacological intervention reverses the strain-induced damage by shifting gene expression profile away from inflammation. The progeria-on-a-chip is a relevant platform to study biomechanics in vascular biology, particularly in the setting of vascular disease and aging, while simultaneously facilitating the discovery of new drugs and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ribas
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Doctoral Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrícia R. Pitrez
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Miscuglio
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xavier Nissan
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Evry Cedex 91030, France
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12
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Gonzalo S, Kreienkamp R, Askjaer P. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: A premature aging disease caused by LMNA gene mutations. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 33:18-29. [PMID: 27374873 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Products of the LMNA gene, primarily lamin A and C, are key components of the nuclear lamina, a proteinaceous meshwork that underlies the inner nuclear membrane and is essential for proper nuclear architecture. Alterations in lamin A and C that disrupt the integrity of the nuclear lamina affect a whole repertoire of nuclear functions, causing cellular decline. In humans, hundreds of mutations in the LMNA gene have been identified and correlated with over a dozen degenerative disorders, referred to as laminopathies. These diseases include neuropathies, muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and premature aging diseases. This review focuses on one of the most severe laminopathies, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), which is caused by aberrant splicing of the LMNA gene and expression of a mutant product called progerin. Here, we discuss current views about the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of this devastating disease, as well as the strategies being tested in vitro and in vivo to counteract progerin toxicity. In particular, progerin accumulation elicits nuclear morphological abnormalities, misregulated gene expression, defects in DNA repair, telomere shortening, and genomic instability, all of which limit cellular proliferative capacity. In patients harboring this mutation, a severe premature aging disease develops during childhood. Interestingly, progerin is also produced in senescent cells and cells from old individuals, suggesting that progerin accumulation might be a factor in physiological aging. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms whereby progerin expression leads to HGPS is an emergent area of research, which could bring us closer to understanding the pathology of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | - Ray Kreienkamp
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Peter Askjaer
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), CSIC/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
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13
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Wang K, Das A, Xiong ZM, Cao K, Hannenhalli S. Phenotype-Dependent Coexpression Gene Clusters: Application to Normal and Premature Ageing. IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 2015; 12:30-39. [PMID: 26357076 PMCID: PMC5562542 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2014.2359446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disease with symptoms of aging at a very early age. Its molecular basis is not entirely clear, although profound gene expression changes have been reported, and there are some known and other presumed overlaps with normal aging process. Identification of genes with agingor HGPS-associated expression changes is thus an important problem. However, standard regression approaches are currently unsuitable for this task due to limited sample sizes, thus motivating development of alternative approaches. Here, we report a novel iterative multiple regression approach that leverages co-expressed gene clusters to identify gene clusters whose expression co-varies with age and/or HGPS. We have applied our approach to novel RNA-seq profiles in fibroblast cell cultures at three different cellular ages, both from HGPS patients and normal samples. After establishing the robustness of our approach, we perform a comparative investigation of biological processes underlying normal aging and HGPS. Our results recapitulate previously known processes underlying aging as well as suggest numerous unique processes underlying aging and HGPS. The approach could also be useful in detecting phenotype-dependent co-expression gene clusters in other contexts with limited sample sizes.
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14
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Gregg SQ, Gutiérrez V, Robinson AR, Woodell T, Nakao A, Ross MA, Michalopoulos GK, Rigatti L, Rothermel CE, Kamileri I, Garinis G, Stolz DB, Niedernhofer LJ. A mouse model of accelerated liver aging caused by a defect in DNA repair. Hepatology 2012; 55:609-21. [PMID: 21953681 PMCID: PMC3250572 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The liver changes with age, leading to an impaired ability to respond to hepatic insults and increased incidence of liver disease in the elderly. Therefore, there is critical need for rapid model systems to study aging-related liver changes. One potential opportunity is murine models of human progerias or diseases of accelerated aging. Ercc1(-/Δ) mice model a rare human progeroid syndrome caused by inherited defects in DNA repair. To determine whether hepatic changes that occur with normal aging occur prematurely in Ercc1(-/Δ) mice, we systematically compared liver from 5-month-old progeroid Ercc1(-/Δ) mice to old (24-36-month-old) wild-type (WT) mice. Both displayed areas of necrosis, foci of hepatocellular degeneration, and acute inflammation. Loss of hepatic architecture, fibrosis, steatosis, pseudocapillarization, and anisokaryosis were more dramatic in Ercc1(-/Δ) mice than in old WT mice. Liver enzymes were significantly elevated in serum of Ercc1(-/Δ) mice and old WT mice, whereas albumin was reduced, demonstrating liver damage and dysfunction. The regenerative capacity of Ercc1(-/Δ) liver after partial hepatectomy was significantly reduced. There was evidence of increased oxidative damage in Ercc1(-/Δ) and old WT liver, including lipofuscin, lipid hydroperoxides and acrolein, as well as increased hepatocellular senescence. There was a highly significant correlation in genome-wide transcriptional changes between old WT and 16-week-old, but not 5-week-old, Ercc1(-/Δ) mice, emphasizing that the Ercc1(-/Δ) mice acquire an aging profile in early adulthood. CONCLUSION There are strong functional, regulatory, and histopathological parallels between accelerated aging driven by a DNA repair defect and normal aging. This supports a role for DNA damage in driving aging and validates a murine model for rapidly testing hypotheses about causes and treatment for aging-related hepatic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhán Q. Gregg
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 523 Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave, Hillman Cancer Center, 2.6, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Verónica Gutiérrez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 523 Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave, Hillman Cancer Center, 2.6, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Andria Rasile Robinson
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave, Hillman Cancer Center, 2.6, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Tyler Woodell
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave, Hillman Cancer Center, 2.6, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Atsunori Nakao
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Mark A. Ross
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S362 Biomedical Science Towers, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - George K. Michalopoulos
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S-417 Biomedical Science Towers, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15216 USA
| | - Lora Rigatti
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S-417 Biomedical Science Towers, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15216 USA
| | - Carrie E. Rothermel
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S362 Biomedical Science Towers, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Irene Kamileri
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, GR71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, GR71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Donna Beer Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S362 Biomedical Science Towers, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 523 Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave, Hillman Cancer Center, 2.6, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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15
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Nabel EG. Cardiovascular insights from a premature aging syndrome: a translational story. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 2012; 123:221-5; discussion 225-6. [PMID: 23303987 PMCID: PMC3540623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Good morning. I am delighted to join you this morning. Today I'd like to tell you an interesting translational research story whereby a rare disease can be an example for how scientific advances can lead to acceleration of new therapies. This story will include some genetic sleuthing, a creative interdisciplinary team, a foundation of protein biochemistry, cutting-edge cell biology, creation of a mouse model, designer drug development, some good luck along the way, kids enrolling in a clinical trial from around the world, and finally, unexpected consequences for a condition that affects all of us.
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16
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Narayan JP, Garg P, Pareek G, Narayan S. Wiedemann-Rautenstauch syndrome. Indian Pediatr 2011; 48:731-732. [PMID: 21992907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Wiedemann Rautenstauch (WR) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive neonatal progeroid syndrome with only few published case reports. We describe a neonate showing clinical features of WR syndrome with peeling of skin, and presented with weak cry and breathing difficulty since birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Narayan
- Department of Pediatrics, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
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17
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Abstract
A recent discovery that rapamycin suppresses a pro-senescent phenotype in progeric cells not only suggests a non-toxic therapy for progeria but also implies its similarity with normal aging. For one, rapamycin is also known to suppress aging of regular human cells. Here I discuss four potential scenarios, comparing progeria with both normal and accelerated aging. This reveals further indications of rapamycin both for accelerated aging in obese and for progeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Blagosklonny
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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18
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Liu GH, Barkho BZ, Ruiz S, Diep D, Qu J, Yang SL, Panopoulos AD, Suzuki K, Kurian L, Walsh C, Thompson J, Boue S, Fung HL, Sancho-Martinez I, Zhang K, Yates J, Belmonte JCI. Recapitulation of premature ageing with iPSCs from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Nature 2011; 472:221-5. [PMID: 21346760 PMCID: PMC3088088 DOI: 10.1038/nature09879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare and fatal human premature ageing disease, characterized by premature arteriosclerosis and degeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). HGPS is caused by a single point mutation in the lamin A (LMNA) gene, resulting in the generation of progerin, a truncated splicing mutant of lamin A. Accumulation of progerin leads to various ageing-associated nuclear defects including disorganization of nuclear lamina and loss of heterochromatin. Here we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from fibroblasts obtained from patients with HGPS. HGPS-iPSCs show absence of progerin, and more importantly, lack the nuclear envelope and epigenetic alterations normally associated with premature ageing. Upon differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs, progerin and its ageing-associated phenotypic consequences are restored. Specifically, directed differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs to SMCs leads to the appearance of premature senescence phenotypes associated with vascular ageing. Additionally, our studies identify DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNAPKcs, also known as PRKDC) as a downstream target of progerin. The absence of nuclear DNAPK holoenzyme correlates with premature as well as physiological ageing. Because progerin also accumulates during physiological ageing, our results provide an in vitro iPSC-based model to study the pathogenesis of human premature and physiological vascular ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Liu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Basam Z. Barkho
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Sergio Ruiz
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Dinh Diep
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jing Qu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Sheng-Lian Yang
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Athanasia D. Panopoulos
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Leo Kurian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Walsh
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - James Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Stephanie Boue
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ho Lim Fung
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - John Yates
- Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Izbeki F, Asuzu DT, Lorincz A, Bardsley MR, Popko LN, Choi KM, Young DL, Hayashi Y, Linden DR, Kuro-o M, Farrugia G, Ordog T. Loss of Kitlow progenitors, reduced stem cell factor and high oxidative stress underlie gastric dysfunction in progeric mice. J Physiol 2010; 588:3101-17. [PMID: 20581042 PMCID: PMC2956948 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.191023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal functions decline with ageing leading to impaired quality of life, and increased morbidity and mortality. Neurodegeneration is believed to underlie ageing-associated dysmotilities but the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We used progeric mice deficient in the anti-ageing peptide Klotho to investigate the contribution of key cell types of the gastric musculature to ageing-associated changes in stomach function and the underlying mechanisms. Klotho expression, enteric neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), smooth muscle cells and electrical activity were assessed by immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, 3-dimensional reconstruction, flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, Western immunoblotting and intracellular recordings. Gastric emptying of solids was analysed by the [13C]octanoic acid breath test. Circulating and tissue trophic factors were measured by enzyme immunoassays and quantitative RT-PCR. The role of oxidative stress was investigated in organotypic cultures. Klotho expression was detected in gastric glands, myenteric neurons and smooth muscle cells. Progeric Klotho-deficient mice had profound loss of ICC and ICC stem cells without a significant decrease in neuron counts, expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase or smooth muscle myosin. Slow wave amplitude and nitrergic inhibitory junction potentials were reduced while solid emptying was unchanged. Klotho-deficient mice were marantic and had low insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I and membrane-bound stem cell factor. Klotho deficiency accentuated oxidative stress and ICC loss. We conclude that Klotho-deficient, progeric mice display a gastric phenotype resembling human ageing and involving profound ICC loss. Klotho protects ICC by preserving their precursors, limiting oxidative stress, and maintaining nutritional status and normal levels of trophic factors important for ICC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Izbeki
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55906, USA
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20
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Shimokawa I. [Mechanisms underlying the aging process and the anti-aging strategy]. Nihon Rinsho 2009; 67:1265-1270. [PMID: 19591270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the aging process and the anti-aging strategy in mammals are discussed by reviewing accumulated findings of the anti-aging effect of calorie restriction (CR), longevity assurance genes, and progerias. An evolutionary view emphasizes the roles of energy--sensing and neuroendocrine adaptation to food shortage as the mechanisms underlying the effect of CR. In mammals, genetic changes that reduce the growth hormone (GH)-IGF-1 axis or mitochondrial respiration favor longevity. Progeria models also indicate importance of the reduced hormonal signals including the GH-IGF-1 axis and mitochondrial respiration as protective mechanisms against cellular stresses induced by genetic instability. The findings described clearly indicate sites of action for the anti-aging strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Shimokawa
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Unit of Basic Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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21
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Coutinho HDM, Falcão-Silva VS, Gonçalves GF. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome: clinical and genetical traits. Panminerva Med 2009; 51:134-135. [PMID: 19776715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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22
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Minamino T. [Development of anti-senescence therapy for cardiovascular disease]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2009; 46:7-14. [PMID: 19256099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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24
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Merideth MA, Gordon LB, Clauss S, Sachdev V, Smith ACM, Perry MB, Brewer CC, Zalewski C, Kim HJ, Solomon B, Brooks BP, Gerber LH, Turner ML, Domingo DL, Hart TC, Graf J, Reynolds JC, Gropman A, Yanovski JA, Gerhard-Herman M, Collins FS, Nabel EG, Cannon RO, Gahl WA, Introne WJ. Phenotype and course of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:592-604. [PMID: 18256394 PMCID: PMC2940940 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0706898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare, sporadic, autosomal dominant syndrome that involves premature aging, generally leading to death at approximately 13 years of age due to myocardial infarction or stroke. The genetic basis of most cases of this syndrome is a change from glycine GGC to glycine GGT in codon 608 of the lamin A (LMNA) gene, which activates a cryptic splice donor site to produce abnormal lamin A; this disrupts the nuclear membrane and alters transcription. METHODS We enrolled 15 children between 1 and 17 years of age, representing nearly half of the world's known patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, in a comprehensive clinical protocol between February 2005 and May 2006. RESULTS Clinical investigations confirmed sclerotic skin, joint contractures, bone abnormalities, alopecia, and growth impairment in all 15 patients; cardiovascular and central nervous system sequelae were also documented. Previously unrecognized findings included prolonged prothrombin times, elevated platelet counts and serum phosphorus levels, measured reductions in joint range of motion, low-frequency conductive hearing loss, and functional oral deficits. Growth impairment was not related to inadequate nutrition, insulin unresponsiveness, or growth hormone deficiency. Growth hormone treatment in a few patients increased height growth by 10% and weight growth by 50%. Cardiovascular studies revealed diminishing vascular function with age, including elevated blood pressure, reduced vascular compliance, decreased ankle-brachial indexes, and adventitial thickening. CONCLUSIONS Establishing the detailed phenotype of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is important because advances in understanding this syndrome may offer insight into normal aging. Abnormal lamin A (progerin) appears to accumulate with aging in normal cells. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00094393.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Merideth
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Intramural Office of Rare Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1851, USA
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25
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Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Madej-Pilarczyk A. Looking for disease being a model of human aging. Acta Myol 2007; 26:101-4. [PMID: 18421896 PMCID: PMC2949578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a part of an introduction to authors' study on systemic laminopathies and their role in human aging. Of special interest is progeria--a type of systemic laminopathy associated usually with mutation 1824 C > T and presenting phenotype of preliminary aging. The authors analyse the differences between the progeria and other syndrome of preliminary aging--Werner's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz
- Neuromuscular Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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26
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Arboleda G, Ramírez N, Arboleda H. The neonatal progeroid syndrome (Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch): a model for the study of human aging? Exp Gerontol 2007; 42:939-43. [PMID: 17728088 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome (WRS) characterises a premature aging syndrome in which several features of human aging are apparent at birth therefore allowing their grouping as a neonatal progeroid condition. This differentiates WRS from other progeroid entities such as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) in which characteristics of premature aging become apparent some time after birth. The etiology of WRS remains unknown. Some studies have observed an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Several studies analysing telomere length and lamin A gene have not revealed any alterations. However, mutations in LMNA have been reported in several other atypical progeroid syndromes. Based on these observations, several hypothesis could be withdrawn concerning the etiology of WRS. The study of genes associated with lamin A metabolism, such as Zmpste24, and the metabolic pathways associated with insulin, such as protein kinase B or AKT, are of particular interest. We believe that WRS characteristics indicate that discovery of the gene and the metabolic pathway associated with this syndrome will most likely lead to new knowledge about the physiopathology of human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Arboleda
- Grupo de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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27
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Abstract
In the past several years, remarkable progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of premature aging. These rare, genetic conditions offer valuable insights into the normal aging process and the complex biology of cardiovascular disease. Many of these advances have been made in the most dramatic of these disorders, Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome. Although characterized by features of normal aging such as alopecia, skin wrinkling, and osteoporosis, patients with Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome are affected by accelerated, premature arteriosclerotic disease that leads to heart attacks and strokes at a mean age of 13 years. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the biology of premature aging uncovered in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome and other accelerated aging syndromes, advances that provide insight into the mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases ranging from atherosclerosis to arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Capell
- Genome Technology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-2486, USA
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28
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Abstract
The A and B type lamins are nuclear intermediate filament proteins that comprise the bulk of the nuclear lamina, a thin proteinaceous structure underlying the inner nuclear membrane. The A type lamins are encoded by the lamin A gene (LMNA). Mutations in this gene have been linked to at least nine diseases, including the progeroid diseases Hutchinson-Gilford progeria and atypical Werner's syndromes, striated muscle diseases including muscular dystrophies and dilated cardiomyopathies, lipodystrophies affecting adipose tissue deposition, diseases affecting skeletal development, and a peripheral neuropathy. To understand how different diseases arise from different mutations in the same gene, mouse lines carrying some of the same mutations found in the human diseases have been established. We, and others have generated mice with different mutations that result in progeria, muscular dystrophy, and dilated cardiomyopathy. To further our understanding of the functions of the lamins, we also created mice lacking lamin B1, as well as mice expressing only one of the A type lamins. These mouse lines are providing insights into the functions of the lamina and how changes to the lamina affect the mechanical integrity of the nucleus as well as signaling pathways that, when disrupted, may contribute to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin L Stewart
- Laboratory of Cancer and Developmental Biology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.
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29
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Niedernhofer LJ, Garinis GA, Raams A, Lalai AS, Robinson AR, Appeldoorn E, Odijk H, Oostendorp R, Ahmad A, van Leeuwen W, Theil AF, Vermeulen W, van der Horst GTJ, Meinecke P, Kleijer WJ, Vijg J, Jaspers NGJ, Hoeijmakers JHJ. A new progeroid syndrome reveals that genotoxic stress suppresses the somatotroph axis. Nature 2007; 444:1038-43. [PMID: 17183314 DOI: 10.1038/nature05456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
XPF-ERCC1 endonuclease is required for repair of helix-distorting DNA lesions and cytotoxic DNA interstrand crosslinks. Mild mutations in XPF cause the cancer-prone syndrome xeroderma pigmentosum. A patient presented with a severe XPF mutation leading to profound crosslink sensitivity and dramatic progeroid symptoms. It is not known how unrepaired DNA damage accelerates ageing or its relevance to natural ageing. Here we show a highly significant correlation between the liver transcriptome of old mice and a mouse model of this progeroid syndrome. Expression data from XPF-ERCC1-deficient mice indicate increased cell death and anti-oxidant defences, a shift towards anabolism and reduced growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signalling, a known regulator of lifespan. Similar changes are seen in wild-type mice in response to chronic genotoxic stress, caloric restriction, or with ageing. We conclude that unrepaired cytotoxic DNA damage induces a highly conserved metabolic response mediated by the IGF1/insulin pathway, which re-allocates resources from growth to somatic preservation and life extension. This highlights a causal contribution of DNA damage to ageing and demonstrates that ageing and end-of-life fitness are determined both by stochastic damage, which is the cause of functional decline, and genetics, which determines the rates of damage accumulation and decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Niedernhofer
- Center for Biomedical Genetics Medical Genetic Center Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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van de Ven M, Andressoo JO, Holcomb VB, Hasty P, Suh Y, van Steeg H, Garinis GA, Hoeijmakers JH, Mitchell JR. Extended longevity mechanisms in short-lived progeroid mice: identification of a preservative stress response associated with successful aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2007; 128:58-63. [PMID: 17126380 PMCID: PMC1919472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Semantic distinctions between "normal" aging, "pathological" aging (or age-related disease) and "premature" aging (otherwise known as segmental progeria) potentially confound important insights into the nature of each of the complex processes. Here we review a recent, unexpected discovery: the presence of longevity-associated characteristics typical of long-lived endocrine-mutant and dietary-restricted animals in short-lived progeroid mice. These data suggest that a subset of symptoms observed in premature aging, and possibly normal aging as well, may be indirect manifestations of a beneficial adaptive stress response to endogenous oxidative damage, rather than a detrimental result of the damage itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van de Ven
- Medical Genetics Center, Dept of Cell Biology and Genetics, Center of Biomedical Genetics, PO Box 1738, Erasmus MC, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaan-Olle Andressoo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Viikinkaari 9, University of Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Valerie B. Holcomb
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas/Institute of Biotechnology, San Antonio TX, USA
| | - Paul Hasty
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas/Institute of Biotechnology, San Antonio TX, USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas/Institute of Biotechnology, San Antonio TX, USA
| | - Harry van Steeg
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Post Office Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - George A. Garinis
- Medical Genetics Center, Dept of Cell Biology and Genetics, Center of Biomedical Genetics, PO Box 1738, Erasmus MC, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H.J. Hoeijmakers
- Medical Genetics Center, Dept of Cell Biology and Genetics, Center of Biomedical Genetics, PO Box 1738, Erasmus MC, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Medical Genetics Center, Dept of Cell Biology and Genetics, Center of Biomedical Genetics, PO Box 1738, Erasmus MC, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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31
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32
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Abstract
Human lifespan is limited by aging of both mitotic and post-mitotic cells. These two forms of aging may occur by distinct or overlapping mechanisms. Telomere erosion has been shown to limit the proliferative lifespan of human somatic cells. Other vertebrates, such as mice, possess robust telomerase activity in most cell types and their somatic cells display finite replicative lifespans as a consequence of other forms of macromolecular damage. Genetic analysis in humans, mice and yeast has provided clues regarding pathways that may affect a cell's replicative lifespan. In addition, analysis of the means by which germ cells maintain their effervescent character may provide a deeper understanding of how replicative aging occurs in somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Zucchero
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
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33
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Abstract
Progeroid syndromes (PSs) constitute a group of disorders characterized by clinical features mimicking physiological aging at an early age. In some of these syndromes, biological hallmarks of aging are also present, whereas in others, a link with physiological aging, if any, remains to be elucidated. These syndromes are clinically and genetically heterogeneous and most of them, including Werner syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, are known as 'segmental aging syndromes', as they do not feature all aspects usually associated to physiological aging. However, all the characterized PSs enter in the field of rare monogenic disorders and several causative genes have been identified. These can be separated in subcategories corresponding to (i) genes encoding DNA repair factors, in particular, DNA helicases, and (ii) genes affecting the structure or post-translational maturation of lamin A, a major nuclear component. In addition, several animal models featuring premature aging have abnormal mitochondrial function or signal transduction between membrane receptors, nuclear regulatory proteins and mitochondria: no human pathological counterpart of these alterations has been found to date. In recent years, identification of mutations and their functional characterization have helped to unravel the cellular processes associated to segmental PSs. Recently, several studies allowed to establish a functional link between DNA repair and A-type lamins-associated syndromes, evidencing a relation between these syndromes, physiological aging and cancer. Here, we review recent data on molecular and cellular bases of PSs and discuss the mechanisms involved, with a special emphasis on lamin A-associated progeria and related disorders, for which therapeutic approaches have started to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Navarro
- Inserm U491, Génétique Médicale et Développement, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté de Médecine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
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34
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Nakura J. [Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome]. Nihon Rinsho 2006; Suppl 3:594-7. [PMID: 17022616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakura
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine
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35
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Lemire JM, Patis C, Gordon LB, Sandy JD, Toole BP, Weiss AS. Aggrecan expression is substantially and abnormally upregulated in Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome dermal fibroblasts. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:660-9. [PMID: 16650460 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder that displays features of segmental aging. It is manifested predominantly in connective tissue, with most prominent histological changes occurring in the skin, cartilage, bone and cardiovascular tissues. Detailed quantitative real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction studies confirmed the previous observation that platelet-derived growth factor A-chain transcripts are consistently elevated 11+/-2- to 13+/-2-fold in two HGPS dermal fibroblast lines compared with age-matched controls. Furthermore, we identified two additional genes with substantially altered transcript levels. Nucleotide pyrophosphatase transcription was virtually shut down with decreased expression of 13+/-3- to 59+/-3-fold in HGPS, whereas aggrecan mRNA was elevated to 24+/-5 times to 41+/-4 times that of chronologically age-matched controls. Aggrecan, normally a component of cartilage and not always detectable in normal fibroblasts cultures, was secreted by HGPS fibroblast lines and was produced as a proteoglycan. This demonstrates that elevated aggrecan expression and its secretion are aberrant features of HGPS. We conclude that HGPS cells can display massively altered transcript levels leading to the secretion of inappropriate protein species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M Lemire
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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36
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Leslie M. Pushing the envelope. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ 2006; 2006:nf14. [PMID: 16723635 DOI: 10.1126/sageke.2006.9.nf14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell biologists once dismissed lamins as the backside of the nuclear membrane, but within the last 10 years, the proteins have hit the big time. Scientists have identified many new functions for lamins: The proteins help repair DNA, control gene activity, and spur precursor fat cells to grow up. Faulty lamins cause at least 12 diseases, and researchers have been discovering new mutations every year. Although lamin-related diseases remain untreatable, recent findings suggest that certain cancer drugs might alleviate symptoms in one type of illness. New work suggests that lamin defects might also underlie aging.
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37
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Abstract
Progerias are rare genetic diseases characterized by premature aging. Several progeroid disorders are caused by mutations that lead to the accumulation of a lipid-modified (farnesylated) form of prelamin A, a protein that contributes to the structural scaffolding for the cell nucleus. In progeria, the accumulation of farnesyl-prelamin A disrupts this scaffolding, leading to misshapen nuclei. Previous studies have shown that farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) reverse this cellular abnormality. We tested the efficacy of an FTI (ABT-100) in Zmpste24-deficient mice, a mouse model of progeria. The FTI-treated mice exhibited improved body weight, grip strength, bone integrity, and percent survival at 20 weeks of age. These results suggest that FTIs may have beneficial effects in humans with progeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren G Fong
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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38
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Otová B, Kalvach Z, Snejdrlová M. [Biological mechanisms of aging]. Cas Lek Cesk 2006; 145:688-94. [PMID: 17091723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary views on the mechanisms of aging and aging variations--progeria and longevity are presented. Replicative aging, the roles of glycation and free radicals on the genetical determination of progeria and longevity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Otová
- Ustav biologie a lékarské genetiky 1 LF UK a VFN, Praha.
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39
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Abstract
The National Institute on Aging (NIA) began operation in 1975, splitting off from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The first 10 years of NIA's existence were characterized by funding descriptive and discovery research, as the field by then had not come of age. With the isolation of long-lived animal mutants and the application of the tools of molecular biology (including whole-genome sequencing) and transgenic technology to biogerontology research, the situation has changed dramatically since then, and aging-related research has become increasingly mechanistic and respectable. This transition has been aided by research initiatives implemented by NIA staff, and the goal of this article is to describe how NIA develops such research initiatives using research progress made in biogerontology over the past 20 years as the basis for the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huber R Warner
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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40
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Davenport RJ. Turning back the clock. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ 2005; 2005:nf78. [PMID: 16207926 DOI: 10.1126/sageke.2005.40.nf78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It could be a fountain of youth--for the already young. A spate of papers published over the last several months reveals that a type of tumor-shrinking drug also corrects flaws in cells of children with progeria, a disease that resembles accelerated aging. However, further tests on animals are necessary before researchers can embark on clinical trials.
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41
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Davenport RJ. Falling apart. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ 2005; 2005:nf52. [PMID: 15994212 DOI: 10.1126/sageke.2005.26.nf52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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42
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Abstract
Single-gene mutations can produce human progeroid syndromes--phenotypes that mimic usual or "normative" aging. These can be divided into two classes--those that have their impacts upon multiple organs and tissues (segmental progeroid syndromes) and those that have their major impacts upon a single organ or tissue (unimodal progeroid syndromes). The prototypic example of the former is the Werner syndrome, a condition caused by mutations of the RecQ family of DNA helicases. Research on the Werner syndrome and a surprising number of other progeroid syndromes support the importance of the maintenance of genomic stability as a partial antidote to aging. The prototypic examples of the latter are Alzheimer type dementias. The three gene products that cause rare autosomal-dominant early-onset varieties of these disorders all participate in the modulation of the beta amyloid precursor protein. They thus support the importance of the maintenance of proper protein processing and folding as a partial antidote to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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43
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Herman WA, łacka K. [Could progeria be a model for the natural process of aging?]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005; 18:5-8. [PMID: 15859537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Acceleration of ageing of urban populations causes the urgent need to carry out research in this area. One of the proposed models of investigation may be progeria. The most frequent syndromes of progeria and the way they are inherited were described. Molecular mechanisms which have essential influence on premature ageing in progeria were discussed. Moreover, their analogies with natural biological process were presented.
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44
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Bridger JM, Kill IR. Aging of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts is characterised by hyperproliferation and increased apoptosis. Exp Gerontol 2004; 39:717-24. [PMID: 15130666 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2003] [Revised: 02/04/2004] [Accepted: 02/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that mimics certain aspects of aging prematurely. Recent work has revealed that mutations in the lamin A gene are a cause of the disease. We show here that cellular aging of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts is characterised by a period of hyperproliferation and terminates with a large increase in the rate of apoptosis. The occurrence of cells with abnormal nuclear morphology reported by others is shown to be a result of cell division since the fraction of these abnormalities increases with cellular age. Similarly, the proportion of cells with an abnormal or absent A-type lamina increases with age. These data provide clues as to the cellular basis for premature aging in HGPS and support the view that cellular senescence and tissue homeostasis are important factors in the normal aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Bridger
- Cell and Chromosome Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fossel
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, PO Box 630, Ada, Michigan 49301, USA.
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46
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Mounkes LC, Kozlov S, Hernandez L, Sullivan T, Stewart CL. A progeroid syndrome in mice is caused by defects in A-type lamins. Nature 2003; 423:298-301. [PMID: 12748643 DOI: 10.1038/nature01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2003] [Accepted: 04/08/2003] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies of the underlying causes of ageing have been attempted by examining diseases associated with premature ageing, such as Werner's syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). HGPS is a rare genetic disorder resulting in phenotypes suggestive of accelerated ageing, including shortened stature, craniofacial disproportion, very thin skin, alopecia and osteoporosis, with death in the early teens predominantly due to atherosclerosis. However, recent reports suggest that developmental abnormalities may also be important in HGPS. Here we describe the derivation of mice carrying an autosomal recessive mutation in the lamin A gene (Lmna) encoding A-type lamins, major components of the nuclear lamina. Homozygous mice display defects consistent with HGPS, including a marked reduction in growth rate and death by 4 weeks of age. Pathologies in bone, muscle and skin are also consistent with progeria. The Lmna mutation resulted in nuclear morphology defects and decreased lifespan of homozygous fibroblasts, suggesting premature cell death. Here we present a mouse model for progeria that may elucidate mechanisms of ageing and development in certain tissue types, especially those developing from the mesenchymal cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Mounkes
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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47
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Abstract
It has been shown that enhanced levels of p53 activity contribute to reduced cancer susceptibility in mice, however longevity is compromised due to the onset of an early-ageing phenotype. The effects of enhanced levels of p53 in these in mice could therefore have implications for human premature ageing disorders. We examined the DNA damage response of p53 and its target p21(WAF1) to UV and ionising radiation in fibroblasts from patients with the premature ageing disorder Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria (HGP). We report a normal p53 response to these DNA damaging agents suggesting that, in this particular human disorder, the premature ageing phenotype does not arise from an enhanced p53 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary O'Neill
- Sir Alastair Currie Cancer Research UK Laboratories, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, UK.
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48
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Abstract
Proline/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein (PRELP) a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), binds type I collagen to basement membranes and type II collagen to cartilage. Evidence for lack of binding of collagen in basement membranes and cartilage of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGP) cases suggests PRELP involvement in that disease. PRELP deficiency is able to account for many symptoms of HGP. Moreover, PRELP also accounts for the fact that unlike many other collagen-related diseases, HGP symptoms are not congenital. The appearance of PRELP sometime after the third month of the birth, coincides with the appearance of HGP symptoms. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria has been diagnosed in twins with a chromosomal inversion at, or very near, the site of the PRELP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lewis
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78703, USA.
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Delgado Luengo W, Rojas Martínez A, Ortíz López R, Martínez Basalo C, Rojas-Atencio A, Quintero M, Borjas L, Morales-Machín A, González Ferrer S, Pineda Bernal L, Cañizalez-Tarazona J, Peña J, Delgado Luengo J, Chacín Hernández J, Chong Chang J. Del(1)(q23) in a patient with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria. Am J Med Genet 2002; 113:298-301. [PMID: 12439901 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 9-year-old patient with the classical clinical picture of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGP) is described. The karyotype shows a 46,XY,del(1)(q23) constitution. Our findings suggest that the interval 1q23 may play a roll in the etiology of HGP. A perturbation in glycosylation in connective tissue has been demonstrated in patients with this condition. This abnormality may be due to a defect in the UDP-galactose:beta-N-acetylglucosamina-beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 3 (B4GALT3) gene that has been mapped in the interval 1q21-23. The cytogenetical analyses of this patient suggest that the B4GALT3 gene could be involved in the pathogenesis of HGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmer Delgado Luengo
- Unidad de Genética Médica, Facultad de Medicina de La Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
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Abstract
The Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a very rare, but well known inherited condition of uncertain etiology in which features of premature and accelerated aging are mixed with those of delayed maturity and immaturity. Appearance at birth and birth weight are usually normal but growth typically slows after 1 year. All organ systems undergo degeneration to such an extent that the patient resembles an old man or woman. Short stature, micrognatia, alopecia, sculptured nose, prominent scalp veins, loss of subcutaneous fat, prominent joints, hyperlipidemia and early arteriosclerosis characterize the syndrome. Skeletal compromise includes hypoplasia and dysplasia, persistent open fontanelles, severe osteolysis and pathological fractures. There are no intellectual deficits in patients with this syndrome, and intelligence is unaffected. The life span in progeria is shortened by early arteriosclerosis. In this case, we review the characteristics of the severe osteolytic compromise in distal arms and limbs and bone deformities in a case of an 8-year-old girl, who was admitted to our hospital with short stature and loss of hair. On examination, the child had the major clinical criteria for HGPS as well as severe alterations in osteogenesis, including craniofacial disproportion, short and sculptured nose, delayed dentition, severe scoliosis, clavicular deformity and asymmetrical and hypoplastic arms and legs. Generalized osteopenia and severe osteolytic compromise in distal extremities were found by X-ray examination. In summary, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl who meets the diagnostic criteria for HGPS with severe involvement of her bones and joints with a review of the current literature and a possible therapeutic approach.
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