1
|
del Campo L, Sánchez-López A, González-Gómez C, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Dorado B, Andrés V. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific Progerin Expression Provokes Contractile Impairment in a Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome that Is Ameliorated by Nitrite Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030656. [PMID: 32182706 PMCID: PMC7140649 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death worldwide, and aging is its leading risk factor. Aging is much accelerated in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), an ultra-rare genetic disorder provoked by the ubiquitous expression of a mutant protein called progerin. HGPS patients die in their teens, primarily due to cardiovascular complications. The primary causes of age-associated CVD are endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated vascular tone; however, their contribution to progerin-induced CVD remains poorly characterized. In the present study, we found that progeroid LmnaG609G/G609G mice with ubiquitous progerin expression show both endothelial dysfunction and severe contractile impairment. To assess the relative contribution of specific vascular cell types to these anomalies, we examined LmnaLCS/LCSTie2Cretg/+ and LmnaLCS/LCSSm22αCretg/+ mice, which express progerin specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively. Whereas vessel contraction was impaired in mice with VSMC-specific progerin expression, we observed no endothelial dysfunction in mice with progerin expression restricted to VSMCs or ECs. Vascular tone regulation in progeroid mice was ameliorated by dietary sodium nitrite supplementation. Our results identify VSMCs as the main cell type causing contractile impairment in a mouse model of HGPS that is ameliorated by nitrite treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara del Campo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Amanda Sánchez-López
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Cristina González-Gómez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Beatriz Dorado
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-453-1200
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
del Campo L, Sánchez‐López A, Salaices M, von Kleeck RA, Expósito E, González‐Gómez C, Cussó L, Guzmán‐Martínez G, Ruiz‐Cabello J, Desco M, Assoian RK, Briones AM, Andrés V. Vascular smooth muscle cell-specific progerin expression in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome promotes arterial stiffness: Therapeutic effect of dietary nitrite. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12936. [PMID: 30884114 PMCID: PMC6516150 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular stiffness is a major cause of cardiovascular disease during normal aging and in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder caused by ubiquitous progerin expression. This mutant form of lamin A causes premature aging associated with cardiovascular alterations that lead to death at an average age of 14.6 years. We investigated the mechanisms underlying vessel stiffness in LmnaG609G/G609G mice with ubiquitous progerin expression, and tested the effect of treatment with nitrites. We also bred LmnaLCS/LCS Tie2Cre+/tg and LmnaLCS/LCS SM22αCre+/tg mice, which express progerin specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) and in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively, to determine the specific contribution of each cell type to vascular pathology. We found vessel stiffness and inward remodeling in arteries of LmnaG609G/G609G and LmnaLCS/LCS SM22αCre+/tg , but not in those from LmnaLCS/LCS Tie2Cre+/tg mice. Structural alterations in aortas of progeroid mice were associated with decreased smooth muscle tissue content, increased collagen deposition, and decreased transverse waving of elastin layers in the media. Functional studies identified collagen (unlike elastin and the cytoskeleton) as an underlying cause of aortic stiffness in progeroid mice. Consistent with this, we found increased deposition of collagens III, IV, V, and XII in the media of progeroid aortas. Vessel stiffness and inward remodeling in progeroid mice were prevented by adding sodium nitrite in drinking water. In conclusion, LmnaG609G/G609G arteries exhibit stiffness and inward remodeling, mainly due to progerin-induced damage to VSMCs, which causes increased deposition of medial collagen and a secondary alteration in elastin structure. Treatment with nitrites prevents vascular stiffness in progeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara del Campo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
| | - Amanda Sánchez‐López
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ryan A. von Kleeck
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational TherapeuticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Elba Expósito
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
| | - Cristina González‐Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
| | - Lorena Cussó
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)Spain
| | - Gabriela Guzmán‐Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- Cardiac Imaging Unit, Cardiology DepartmentHospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - Jesús Ruiz‐Cabello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)Spain
- Present address:
CIC biomaGUNE and Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceSan SebastiánSpain
- Present address:
Universidad Complutense MadridMadridSpain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)Spain
| | - Richard K. Assoian
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational TherapeuticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Ana M. Briones
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Aging, the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is becoming progressively more prevalent in our societies. A better understanding of how aging promotes CVD is therefore urgently needed to develop new strategies to reduce disease burden. Atherosclerosis and heart failure contribute significantly to age-associated CVD-related morbimortality. CVD and aging are both accelerated in patients suffering from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder caused by the prelamin A mutant progerin. Progerin causes extensive atherosclerosis and cardiac electrophysiological alterations that invariably lead to premature aging and death. This review summarizes the main structural and functional alterations to the cardiovascular system during physiological and premature aging and discusses the mechanisms underlying exaggerated CVD and aging induced by prelamin A and progerin. Because both proteins are expressed in normally aging non-HGPS individuals, and most hallmarks of normal aging occur in progeria, research on HGPS can identify mechanisms underlying physiological aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda R Hamczyk
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara del Campo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villalpando DM, Navarro R, del Campo L, Largo C, Muñoz D, Tabernero M, Baeza R, Otero C, García HS, Ferrer M. Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on the Participation of Vasodilator Factors in Aorta from Orchidectomized Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142039. [PMID: 26540339 PMCID: PMC4634962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) against cardiovascular diseases have been reported. Vascular tone regulation is largely mediated by endothelial factors whose release is modulated by sex hormones. Since the incidence of cardiovascular pathologies has been correlated with decreased levels of sex hormones, the aim of this study was to analyze whether a diet supplemented with the specific PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could prevent vascular changes induced by an impaired gonadal function. For this purpose, control and orchidectomized rats were fed with a standard diet supplemented with 5% (w/w) sunflower oil or with 3% (w/w) sunflower oil plus 2% (w/w) DHA. The lipid profile, the blood pressure, the production of prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO), and the redox status of biological samples from control and orchidectomized rats, fed control or DHA-supplemented diet, were analyzed. The vasodilator response and the contribution of NO, prostanoids and hyperpolarizing mechanisms were also studied. The results showed that orchidectomy negatively affected the lipid profile, increased the production of prostanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased NO production and the antioxidant capacity, as well as the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms in the vasodilator responses. The DHA-supplemented diet of the orchidectomized rats decreased the release of prostanoids and ROS, while increasing NO production and the antioxidant capacity, and it also improved the lipid profile. Additionally, it restored the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms by activating potassium. Since the modifications induced by the DHA-supplemented diet were observed in the orchidectomized, but not in the healthy group, DHA seems to exert cardioprotective effects in physiopathological situations in which vascular dysfunction exists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diva M. Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara del Campo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Largo
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Muñoz
- Gabinete Veterinario, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Tabernero
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Baeza
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Otero
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and alterations in vascular reactivity, which can be investigated by wire myography. The method allows ex vivo monitoring of the transversal isometric tension developed by a vessel segment in response to different pathophysiological stimuli. Here we describe in detail how to use the wire myograph to evaluate endothelial function and vasoconstrictor or vasodilator properties of the vessel, as well as to identify and characterize different factors and molecular pathways that control vascular tone. We also describe how to use the wire myograph to analyze biomechanical and passive properties of vessels such as diameter and elasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara del Campo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
del Campo M, Sagredo A, del Campo L, Villalobo A, Ferrer M. Time-dependent effect of orchidectomy on vascular nitric oxide and thromboxane A2 release. Functional implications to control cell proliferation through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102523. [PMID: 25013941 PMCID: PMC4094513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes whether the release of nitric oxide (NO) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) depends on the time lapsed since gonadal function is lost, and their correlation with the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). For this purpose, aortic and mesenteric artery segments from control and 6-weeks or 5-months orchidectomized rats were used to measure NO and TXA2 release. The results showed that the basal and acetylcholine (ACh)-induced NO release were decreased 6 weeks post-orchidectomy both in aorta and mesenteric artery, but were recovered 5 months thereafter up to levels similar to those found in arteries from control rats. The basal and ACh-induced TXA2 release increased in aorta and mesenteric artery 6 weeks post-orchidectomy, and was maintained at high levels 5 months thereafter. Since we previously observed that orchidectomy, which decreased testosterone level, enlarged the muscular layer of mesenteric arteries, the effect of testosterone on VSMC proliferation was analyzed. The results showed that treatment of cultured VSMC with testosterone downregulated mitogenic signaling pathways initiated by the ligand-dependent activation of the EGFR. In contrast, the EGFR pathways were constitutively active in mesenteric arteries of long-term orchidectomized rats. Thus, the exposure of mesenteric arteries from control rats to epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced the activation of EGFR signaling pathways. However, the addition of EGF to arteries from orchidectomized rats failed to induce a further activation of these pathways. In conclusion, this study shows that the release of NO depends on the time lapsed since the gonadal function is lost, while the release of TXA2 is already increased after short periods post-orchidectomy. The alterations in these signaling molecules could contribute to the constitutive activation of the EGFR and its downstream signaling pathways after long period post-orchidectomy enhancing the proliferation of the vascular muscular layer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acetylcholine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology
- ErbB Receptors/agonists
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects
- Mesenteric Arteries/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Orchiectomy
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Testosterone/pharmacology
- Thromboxane A2/biosynthesis
- Thromboxane A2/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Tissue Culture Techniques
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta del Campo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sagredo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara del Campo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias IdIPAZ, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalobo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias IdIPAZ, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Blanco-Rivero J, Márquez-Rodas I, Sastre E, Cogolludo A, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, del Campo L, Nava MP, Balfagón G. Cirrhosis decreases vasoconstrictor response to electrical field stimulation in rat mesenteric artery: role of calcitonin gene-related peptide. Exp Physiol 2010; 96:275-86. [PMID: 21148625 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2010.055822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our study determines alterations in the vasoconstrictor response elicited by electric field stimulation (EFS) in mesenteric arteries from cirrhotic rats treated with CCl(4), and how calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) participates in this response. Vasoconstriction induced by EFS was analysed in the absence and presence of the CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP(8-37) in arterial segments from control and cirrhotic rats. The vasodilator response to exogenous CGRP was tested in both groups of rats, and the interference of the guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ or the K(ATP) channel blocker glibenclamide was analysed only in segments from cirrhotic rats. The vasodilator response to the K(ATP) channel opener pinacidil and to 8-bromo-cyclic GMP was tested. The K(ATP) currents were recorded using the patch-clamp technique. Expression of receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), calcitonin receptor-like receptor, Kir 6.1 and sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) was also analysed. Release of CGRP and cGMP was measured. The EFS-elicited vasoconstriction was less in segments from cirrhotic rats. The presence of CGRP(8-37) increased the EFS-induced response only in segments from cirrhotic rats. The CGRP-induced vasodilatation was greater in segments from cirrhotic rats, and was inhibited by ODQ or glibenclamide. Both pinacidil and 8-bromo-cyclic GMP induced a stronger vasodilator response in segments from cirrhotic rats. Pinacidil induced greater K(ATP) currents in cirrhotic myocytes. Expression of RAMP1, calcitonin receptor-like receptor, Kir 6.1 and SUR2B was not modified by liver cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis increased CGRP release, but did not modify cGMP formation. The decreased vasoconstrictor response to EFS in cirrhosis is mediated by increased vasodilator response to CGRP, as well as increased K(ATP) channel gating. This effect of CGRP may play a role in the splanchnic vasodilatation present in liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Blanco-Rivero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|