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Rondón Ortiz AN, Zhang L, Ash PEA, Basu A, Puri S, van der Spek SJF, Wang Z, Dorrian L, Emili A, Wolozin B. Proximity labeling reveals dynamic changes in the SQSTM1 protein network. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.12.571324. [PMID: 38168279 PMCID: PMC10760047 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.571324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Sequestosome1 (SQSTM1) is an autophagy receptor that mediates degradation of intracellular cargo, including protein aggregates, through multiple protein interactions. These interactions form the SQSTM1 protein network, and these interactions are mediated by SQSTM1 functional interaction domains, which include LIR, PB1, UBA and KIR. Technological advances in cell biology continue to expand our knowledge of the SQSTM1 protein network and of the relationship of the actions of the SQSTM1 protein network in cellular physiology and disease states. Here we apply proximity profile labeling to investigate the SQSTM1 protein interaction network by fusing TurboID with the human protein SQSTM1 (TurboID::SQSTM1). This chimeric protein displayed well-established SQSTM1 features including production of SQSTM1 intracellular bodies, binding to known SQSTM1 interacting partners, and capture of novel SQSTM1 protein interactors. Strikingly, aggregated tau protein altered the protein interaction network of SQSTM1 to include many stress-associated proteins. We demonstrate the importance of the PB1 and/or UBA domains for binding network members, including the K18 domain of tau. Overall, our work reveals the dynamic landscape of the SQSTM1 protein network and offers a resource to study SQSTM1 function in cellular physiology and disease state.
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Chen Y, Feng C, Huang C, Shi Y, Omar SM, Zhang B, Cai G, Liu P, Guo X, Gao X. Preparation of polyclonal antibodies to chicken P62 protein and its application in nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus-infected chickens. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132515. [PMID: 38768912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
p62, also known as SQSTM1, has been shown to be closely related to the coronavirus. However, it remains unclear on the relationship between p62 and NIBV infection. Moreover, there are no available antibodies against the chicken p62 protein. Thus, this study aimed to prepare p62 polyclonal antibody and investigate the correlation between the p62 protein and NIBV infection. Here, PET-32a-p62 prokaryotic fusion expression vector was constructed for prokaryotic protein expression, and then p62 polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing rabbits. Lastly, these antibodies were then utilized in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. The results showed that we successfully prepared chicken p62 polyclonal antibody. Meanwhile, WB and IF demonstrated that the expression of p62 showed a trend of first increase and then decrease after NIBV infection. IHC showed that the expression of p62 in the spleen, lung, kidney, bursa of Fabricius and trachea of chickens infected with NIBV in 11 dpi was significantly higher than that of normal chickens. Taken together, this study successfully prepared a polyclonal antibody for chicken p62 protein and confirmed its application and expression in chickens, as well as the expression of p62 in tissues after NIBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenlu Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Salma Mbarouk Omar
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gaofeng Cai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaona Gao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Lu X, Lu J, Li S, Feng S, Wang Y, Cui L. The Role of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in the Accumulation of Pathological Proteins: New Perspectives on the Mechanism of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0209. [PMID: 38739933 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that living organisms form highly dynamic membrane-less organelles (MLOS) with various functions through phase separation, and the indispensable role that phase separation plays in the mechanisms of normal physiological functions and pathogenesis is gradually becoming clearer. Pathological aggregates, regarded as hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, have been revealed to be closely related to aberrant phase separation. Specific proteins are assembled into condensates and transform into insoluble inclusions through aberrant phase separation, contributing to the development of diseases. In this review, we present an overview of the progress of phase separation research, involving its biological mechanisms and the status of research in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on five main disease-specific proteins, tau, TDP-43, FUS, α-Syn and HTT, and how exactly these proteins reside within dynamic liquid-like compartments and thus turn into solid deposits. Further studies will yield new perspectives for understanding the aggregation mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies, and future research directions are anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiongtong Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sifan Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Guo J, Shi Y, Jiang G, Zeng P, Wu Z, Wang D, Cui Y, Yang X, Zhou J, Feng X, Hou L, Liu J. SQSTM1 downregulates avian metapneumovirus subgroup C replication via mediating selective autophagic degradation of viral M2-2 protein. J Virol 2024; 98:e0005124. [PMID: 38466095 PMCID: PMC11019959 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00051-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus subgroup C (aMPV/C), an important pathogen causing acute respiratory infection in chickens and turkeys, contributes to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. aMPV/C has been reported to induce autophagy, which is beneficial to virus replication. Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/P62), a selective autophagic receptor, plays a crucial role in viral replication by clearing ubiquitinated proteins. However, the relationship between SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy and aMPV/C replication is unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of SQSTM1 negatively regulates aMPV/C replication by reducing viral protein expression and viral titers. Further studies revealed that the interaction between SQSTM1 and aMPV/C M2-2 protein is mediated via the Phox and Bem1 (PB1) domain of the former, which recognizes a ubiquitinated lysine at position 67 of the M2-2 protein, and finally degrades M2-2 via SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy. Collectively, our results reveal that SQSTM1 degrades M2-2 via a process of selective autophagy to suppress aMPV/C replication, thereby providing novel insights for the prevention and control of aMPV/C infection.IMPORTANCEThe selective autophagy plays an important role in virus replication. As an emerging pathogen of avian respiratory virus, clarification of the effect of SQSTM1, a selective autophagic receptor, on aMPV/C replication in host cells enables us to better understand the viral pathogenesis. Previous study showed that aMPV/C infection reduced the SQSTM1 expression accompanied by virus proliferation, but the specific regulatory mechanism between them was still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that SQSTM1 recognizes the 67th amino acid of M2-2 protein by the interaction between them, followed by M2-2 degradation via the SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy, and finally inhibits aMPV/C replication. This information supplies the mechanism by which SQSTM1 negatively regulates viral replication, and provides new insights for preventing and controlling aMPV/C infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuo Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Genghong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dedong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiu Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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陶 若, 张 水, 郭 文, 闫 志. [Research Progress in the Role of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Human Cancer]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:24-30. [PMID: 38322521 PMCID: PMC10839487 DOI: 10.12182/20240160503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a reversible process, during which biological macromolecules, including proteins and nucleic acids, condense into liquid membraneless organelles under the influence of weak multivalent interactions. Currently, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching is the primary method used to detect the phase separation of biological macromolecules. Recent studies have revealed the link between abnormal LLPS and the pathogenesis and development of various human cancers. Through phase separation or abnormal phase separation, tumor-related biological macromolecules, such as mRNA, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and tumor-related proteins, can affect transcriptional translation and DNA damage repair, regulate the autophagy and ferroptosis functions of cells, and thus regulate the development of various tumors. In this review, we summarized the latest research findings on the mechanism of LLPS in the pathogenesis and progression of tumors and elaborated on the promotion or inhibition of autophagy, tumor immunity, DNA damage repair, and cell ferroptosis after abnormal phase separation of biomolecules, including mRNA, lncRNA, and proteins, which subsequently affects the pathogenesis and progression of tumors. According to published findings, many biological macromolecules can regulate transcriptional translation, expression, post-transcriptional modification, cell signal transduction, and other biological processes through phase separation. Therefore, further expansion of the research field of phase separation and in-depth investigation of its molecular mechanisms and regulatory processes hold extensive research potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- 若琳 陶
- 郑州大学第一附属医院 肝胆胰外科 (郑州 450000)Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- 河南省消化器官移植重点实验室 (郑州 450000)Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - 水军 张
- 郑州大学第一附属医院 肝胆胰外科 (郑州 450000)Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- 河南省消化器官移植重点实验室 (郑州 450000)Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - 文治 郭
- 郑州大学第一附属医院 肝胆胰外科 (郑州 450000)Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- 河南省消化器官移植重点实验室 (郑州 450000)Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - 志平 闫
- 郑州大学第一附属医院 肝胆胰外科 (郑州 450000)Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- 河南省消化器官移植重点实验室 (郑州 450000)Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Reis-Mendes A, Ferreira M, Duarte JA, Duarte-Araújo M, Remião F, Carvalho F, Sousa E, Bastos ML, Costa VM. The role of inflammation and antioxidant defenses in the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin in elderly CD-1 male mice. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:3163-3177. [PMID: 37676301 PMCID: PMC10567829 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent used against several cancer types. However, due to its cardiotoxic adverse effects, the use of this drug may be also life-threatening. Although most cancer patients are elderly, they are poorly represented and evaluated in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Considering this, the present work aims to evaluate inflammation and oxidative stress as the main mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, in an innovative approach using an experimental model constituted of elderly animals treated with a clinically relevant human cumulative dose of DOX. Elderly (18-20 months) CD-1 male mice received biweekly DOX administrations, for 3 weeks, to reach a cumulative dose of 9.0 mg/kg. One week (1W) or two months (2 M) after the last DOX administration, the heart was collected to determine both drug's short and longer cardiac adverse effects. The obtained results showed that DOX causes cardiac histological damage and fibrosis at both time points. In the 1W-DOX group, the number of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 immunopositive cells increased and a trend toward increased NF-κB p65 expression was seen. An increase of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin (IL)-33 and a trend toward increased IL-6 and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X (Bax) expression were seen after DOX. In the same group, a decrease in IL-1β, p62, and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-I, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression was observed. Contrariwise, the animals sacrificed 2 M after DOX showed a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase 1 and Bax expression with persistent cardiac damage and fibrosis, while carbonylated proteins, erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NF-κB p65, myeloperoxidase, LC3-I, and LC3-II expression decreased. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that in an elderly mouse population, DOX induces cardiac inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis in the heart in the short term. When kept for a longer period, oxidative-stress-linked pathways remained altered, as well as autophagy markers and tissue damage after DOX treatment, emphasizing the need for continuous post-treatment cardiac monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Mendes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Duarte-Araújo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Amirian R, Azadi Badrbani M, Izadi Z, Samadian H, Bahrami G, Sarvari S, Abdolmaleki S, Nabavi SM, Derakhshankhah H, Jaymand M. Targeted protein modification as a paradigm shift in drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115765. [PMID: 37659194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeted Protein Modification (TPM) is an umbrella term encompassing numerous tools and approaches that use bifunctional agents to induce a desired modification over the POI. The most well-known TPM mechanism is PROTAC-directed protein ubiquitination. PROTAC-based targeted degradation offers several advantages over conventional small-molecule inhibitors, has shifted the drug discovery paradigm, and is acquiring increasing interest as over ten PROTACs have entered clinical trials in the past few years. Targeting the protein of interest for proteasomal degradation by PROTACS was the pioneer of various toolboxes for selective protein degradation. Nowadays, the ever-increasing number of tools and strategies for modulating and modifying the POI has expanded far beyond protein degradation, which phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of the protein of interest, targeted acetylation, and selective modification of protein O-GlcNAcylation are among them. These novel strategies have opened new avenues for achieving more precise outcomes while remaining feasible and minimizing side effects. This field, however, is still in its infancy and has a long way to precede widespread use and translation into clinical practice. Herein, we investigate the pros and cons of these novel strategies by exploring the latest advancements in this field. Ultimately, we briefly discuss the emerging potential applications of these innovations in cancer therapy, neurodegeneration, viral infections, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Azadi Badrbani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Sajad Sarvari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Sara Abdolmaleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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8
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Dilliott AA, Kwon S, Rouleau GA, Iqbal S, Farhan SMK. Characterizing proteomic and transcriptomic features of missense variants in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genes. Brain 2023; 146:4608-4621. [PMID: 37394881 PMCID: PMC10629772 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Within recent years, there has been a growing number of genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), resulting in an increasing number of novel variants, particularly missense variants, many of which are of unknown clinical significance. Here, we leverage the sequencing efforts of the ALS Knowledge Portal (3864 individuals with ALS and 7839 controls) and Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium (4366 individuals with ALS and 1832 controls) to perform proteomic and transcriptomic characterization of missense variants in 24 ALS-associated genes. The two sequencing datasets were interrogated for missense variants in the 24 genes, and variants were annotated with gnomAD minor allele frequencies, ClinVar pathogenicity classifications, protein sequence features including Uniprot functional site annotations, and PhosphoSitePlus post-translational modification site annotations, structural features from AlphaFold predicted monomeric 3D structures, and transcriptomic expression levels from Genotype-Tissue Expression. We then applied missense variant enrichment and gene-burden testing following binning of variation based on the selected proteomic and transcriptomic features to identify those most relevant to pathogenicity in ALS-associated genes. Using predicted human protein structures from AlphaFold, we determined that missense variants carried by individuals with ALS were significantly enriched in β-sheets and α-helices, as well as in core, buried or moderately buried regions. At the same time, we identified that hydrophobic amino acid residues, compositionally biased protein regions and regions of interest are predominantly enriched in missense variants carried by individuals with ALS. Assessment of expression level based on transcriptomics also revealed enrichment of variants of high and medium expression across all tissues and within the brain. We further explored enriched features of interest using burden analyses and identified individual genes were indeed driving certain enrichment signals. A case study is presented for SOD1 to demonstrate proof-of-concept of how enriched features may aid in defining variant pathogenicity. Our results present proteomic and transcriptomic features that are important indicators of missense variant pathogenicity in ALS and are distinct from features associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Seulki Kwon
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sumaiya Iqbal
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Lin YW, Lin TT, Chen CH, Wang RH, Lin YH, Tseng TY, Zhuang YJ, Tang SY, Lin YC, Pang JY, Chakravarthy RD, Lin HC, Tzou SC, Chao JI. Enhancing Efficacy of Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel for Human Lung and Colorectal Cancers through Autophagy Receptor Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62-Mediated Nanodrug Delivery and Cancer therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19033-19051. [PMID: 37737568 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Selective autophagy is a defense mechanism by which foreign pathogens and abnormal substances are processed to maintain cellular homeostasis. Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62, a vital selective autophagy receptor, recruits ubiquitinated cargo to form autophagosomes for lysosomal degradation. Nab-PTX is an albumin-bound paclitaxel nanoparticle used in clinical cancer therapy. However, the role of SQSTM1 in regulating the delivery and efficacy of nanodrugs remains unclear. Here we showed that SQSTM1 plays a crucial role in Nab-PTX drug delivery and efficacy in human lung and colorectal cancers. Nab-PTX induces SQSTM1 phosphorylation at Ser403, which facilitates its incorporation into the selective autophagy of nanoparticles, known as nanoparticulophagy. Nab-PTX increased LC3-II protein expression, which triggered autophagosome formation. SQSTM1 enhanced Nab-PTX recognition to form autophagosomes, which were delivered to lysosomes for albumin degradation, thereby releasing PTX to induce mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis. Knockout of SQSTM1 downregulated Nab-PTX-induced mitotic catastrophe, apoptosis, and tumor inhibition in vitro and in vivo and inhibited Nab-PTX-induced caspase 3 activation via a p53-independent pathway. Ectopic expression of SQSTM1 by transfection of an SQSTM1-GFP vector restored the drug efficacy of Nab-PTX. Importantly, SQSTM1 is highly expressed in advanced lung and colorectal tumors and is associated with poor overall survival in clinical patients. Targeting SQSTM1 may provide an important strategy to improve nanodrug efficacy in clinical cancer therapy. This study demonstrates the enhanced efficacy of Nab-PTX for human lung and colorectal cancers via SQSTM1-mediated nanodrug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Hsin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yen Tseng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jun Zhuang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yueh Tang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yu Pang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Rajan Deepan Chakravarthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Jui-I Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
- Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
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10
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Huang X, Yao J, Liu L, Chen J, Mei L, Huangfu J, Luo D, Wang X, Lin C, Chen X, Yang Y, Ouyang S, Wei F, Wang Z, Zhang S, Xiang T, Neculai D, Sun Q, Kong E, Tate EW, Yang A. S-acylation of p62 promotes p62 droplet recruitment into autophagosomes in mammalian autophagy. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3485-3501.e11. [PMID: 37802024 PMCID: PMC10552648 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
p62 is a well-characterized autophagy receptor that recognizes and sequesters specific cargoes into autophagosomes for degradation. p62 promotes the assembly and removal of ubiquitinated proteins by forming p62-liquid droplets. However, it remains unclear how autophagosomes efficiently sequester p62 droplets. Herein, we report that p62 undergoes reversible S-acylation in multiple human-, rat-, and mouse-derived cell lines, catalyzed by zinc-finger Asp-His-His-Cys S-acyltransferase 19 (ZDHHC19) and deacylated by acyl protein thioesterase 1 (APT1). S-acylation of p62 enhances the affinity of p62 for microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-positive membranes and promotes autophagic membrane localization of p62 droplets, thereby leading to the production of small LC3-positive p62 droplets and efficient autophagic degradation of p62-cargo complexes. Specifically, increasing p62 acylation by upregulating ZDHHC19 or by genetic knockout of APT1 accelerates p62 degradation and p62-mediated autophagic clearance of ubiquitinated proteins. Thus, the protein S-acylation-deacylation cycle regulates p62 droplet recruitment to the autophagic membrane and selective autophagic flux, thereby contributing to the control of selective autophagic clearance of ubiquitinated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jia Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ligang Mei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jingjing Huangfu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cardiology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changhai Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Sheng Ouyang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fujing Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhuolin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shaolin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Dante Neculai
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cardiology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Aimin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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11
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Hou K, Liu T, Li J, Xian M, Sun L, Wei J. Liquid-liquid phase separation regulates alpha-synuclein aggregate and mitophagy in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1250532. [PMID: 37781241 PMCID: PMC10536155 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1250532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) abnormal aggregate and mitochondrial dysfunction play a crucial role in its pathological development. Recent studies have revealed that proteins can form condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), and LLPS has been found to be widely present in α-syn aberrant aggregate and mitophagy-related protein physiological processes. This review summarizes the occurrence of α-syn LLPS and its influencing factors, introduces the production and transformation of the related protein LLPS during PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the study of PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Meiyan Xian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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12
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Eto R, Kawano H, Matsuyama-Matsuu M, Matsuda K, Ueki N, Nakashima M, Okano S, Ishijima M, Kawakatsu M, Watanabe J, Yoshimuta T, Ikeda S, Maemura K. Ubiquitin, p62, and Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 in Cardiomyopathy. Circ Rep 2023; 5:323-330. [PMID: 37564875 PMCID: PMC10411995 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-23-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins has been detected in diseased hearts and has been associated with the expression of p62 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), which are related to autophagy. We evaluated differences in ubiquitin accumulation and p62 and LC3 expression in cardiomyopathy using endomyocardial biopsies. Methods and Results: We studied 24 patients (aged 24-70 years; mean age 55 years) diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), or non-cardiomyopathy (NCM) who underwent endomyocardial biopsy. Biopsied samples were evaluated by microscopy for ubiquitin accumulation and expression of p62 and LC3. Ubiquitin accumulation and p62 and LC3 expression were observed in all patients. Ubiquitin accumulation was higher in DCM than in HCM or NCM; p62 expression was higher in DCM than in HCM. There were no significant differences in LC3 expression among the groups. Ubiquitin accumulation was significantly related to serum N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide concentration and the expression of p62, but not LC3. Conclusions: Ubiquitin accumulation was more prominent in DCM than in HCM and NCM, which may be due to a relative shortage of clearance, including autophagy, compared with production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Eto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Mutsumi Matsuyama-Matsuu
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Nozomi Ueki
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Shinji Okano
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishijima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Miho Kawakatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Jumpei Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshimuta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Koji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
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13
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Pereira J, Santos-Araujo S, Bomfim L, Gondim KC, Majerowicz D, Pane A, Ramos I. Gene identification and RNAi-silencing of p62/SQSTM1 in the vector Rhodnius prolixus reveals a high degree of sequence conservation but no apparent deficiency-related phenotypes in vitellogenic females. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287488. [PMID: 37486954 PMCID: PMC10365311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are important cellular mechanisms that coordinate protein degradation essential for proteostasis. P62/SQSTM1 is a receptor cargo protein able to deliver ubiquitinated targets to the proteasome proteolytic complex and/or to the autophagosome. In the insect vector of Chagas disease, Rhodnius prolixus, previous works have shown that the knockdown of different autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes resulted in abnormal oogenesis phenotypes and embryo lethality. Here, we investigate the role of the autophagy/UPS adaptor protein p62 during the oogenesis and reproduction of this vector. We found that R. prolixus presents one isoform of p62 encoded by a non-annotated gene. The predicted protein presents the domain architecture anticipated for p62: PB1 (N-term), ZZ-finger, and UBA (C-term) domains, and phylogenetic analysis showed that this pattern is highly conserved within insects. Using parental RNAi, we found that although p62 is expressed in the ovary, midgut, and fat body of adult females, systemic silencing of this gene did not result in any apparent phenotypes under in-house conditions. The insects' overall levels of blood meal digestion, lifespan, yolk protein production, oviposition, and embryo viability were not altered when compared to controls. Because it is known that autophagy and UPS can undergo compensatory mechanisms, we asked whether the silencing of p62 was triggering adaptative changes in the expression of genes of the autophagy, UPS, and the unfolded protein response (UPR) and found that only ATG1 was slightly up regulated in the ovaries of silenced females. In addition, experiments to further investigate the role of p62 in insects previously silenced for the E1-conjugating enzyme (a condition known to trigger the upregulation of p62), also did not result in any apparent phenotypes in vitellogenic females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Pereira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samara Santos-Araujo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa Bomfim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Katia Calp Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Attilio Pane
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ramos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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14
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Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestion process by which misfolded proteins and damaged organelles in eukaryotic cells are degraded to maintain cellular homeostasis. This process is involved in the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance of various tumors such as ovarian cancer (OC). Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have been extensively investigated in cancer research for their roles in the regulation of autophagy. Recent studies have shown that in OC cells, ncRNAs can modulate the formation of autophagosomes, which affect tumor progression and chemoresistance. An understanding of the role of autophagy in OC progression, treatment, and prognosis is important, and the identification of the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in autophagy leads to intervention strategies for OC therapy. This review summarizes the role of autophagy in OC and discusses the role of ncRNA-mediated autophagy in OC, as an understanding of these roles may contribute to the development of potential therapeutic strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
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15
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Li XM, Wen JH, Feng ZS, Wu YS, Li DY, Liang S, Wu D, Wu HL, Li SM, Ye ZN, Yang C, Sun L, Tang JX, Liu HF. Effect of Lacking ZKSCAN3 on Autophagy, Lysosomal Biogenesis and Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097786. [PMID: 37175493 PMCID: PMC10178544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors can affect autophagy activity by promoting or inhibiting the expression of autophagic and lysosomal genes. As a member of the zinc finger family DNA-binding proteins, ZKSCAN3 has been reported to function as a transcriptional repressor of autophagy, silencing of which can induce autophagy and promote lysosomal biogenesis in cancer cells. However, studies in Zkscan3 knockout mice showed that the deficiency of ZKSCAN3 did not induce autophagy or increase lysosomal biogenesis. In order to further explore the role of ZKSCAN3 in the transcriptional regulation of autophagic genes in human cancer and non-cancer cells, we generated ZKSCAN3 knockout HK-2 (non-cancer) and Hela (cancer) cells via the CRISPR/Cas9 system and analyzed the differences in gene expression between ZKSCAN3 deleted cells and non-deleted cells through fluorescence quantitative PCR, western blot and transcriptome sequencing, with special attention to the differences in expression of autophagic and lysosomal genes. We found that ZKSCAN3 may be a cancer-related gene involved in cancer progression, but not an essential transcriptional repressor of autophagic or lysosomal genes, as the lacking of ZKSCAN3 cannot significantly promote the expression of autophagic and lysosomal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Jun-Hao Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Ze-Sen Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Yun-Shan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Dong-Yi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Shan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Hong-Luan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Shang-Mei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
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16
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Tan CT, Soh NJH, Chang HC, Yu VC. p62/SQSTM1 in liver diseases: the usual suspect with multifarious identities. FEBS J 2023; 290:892-912. [PMID: 34882306 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
p62/Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) is a selective autophagy receptor that recruits and delivers intracellular substrates for bulk clearance through the autophagy lysosomal pathway. Interestingly, p62 also serves as a signaling scaffold to participate in the regulation of multiple physiological processes, including oxidative stress response, metabolism, inflammation, and programmed cell death. Perturbation of p62 activity has been frequently found to be associated with the pathogenesis of many liver diseases. p62 has been identified as a critical component of protein aggregates in the forms of Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) or intracellular hyaline bodies (IHBs), which are known to be frequently detected in biopsy samples from alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Importantly, abundance of these p62 inclusion bodies is increasingly recognized as a biomarker for NASH and HCC. Although the level of p62 bodies seems to predict the progression and prognosis of these liver diseases, understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which p62 regulates and contributes to the development and progression of these diseases remains incomplete. In this review, we will focus on the function and regulation of p62, and its pathophysiological roles in the liver, by critically reviewing the findings from preclinical models that recapitulate the pathogenesis and manifestation of these liver diseases in humans. In addition, we will also explore the suitability of p62 as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver diseases, including NASH and HCC, as well as recent development of small-molecule compounds for targeting the p62 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Teik Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Hao-Chun Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor C Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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De Mazière A, van der Beek J, van Dijk S, de Heus C, Reggiori F, Koike M, Klumperman J. An optimized protocol for immuno-electron microscopy of endogenous LC3. Autophagy 2022; 18:3004-3022. [PMID: 35387562 PMCID: PMC9673964 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2056864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
MAP1LC3/LC3 (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3) is widely used as marker of autophagic compartments at different stages of maturation. Electron microscopy (EM) combined with immunolabeling is the only technique that can reveal the ultrastructural identity of LC3-labeled compartments. However, immuno-EM of endogenous LC3 proteins has proven difficult. Here, we test a panel of commercially available antibodies and apply different labeling conditions to present an optimized procedure for LC3 immuno-EM. Using ultrathin cryosections and protein A-colloidal gold or gold enhancement labeling, we localize endogenous LC3 in starved cells or tissues in the presence or absence of the proton pump inhibitor bafilomycin A1. We localize LC3 to early and late stage autophagic compartments that can be classified by their morphology. By on-section correlative light-electron microscopy (CLEM) we show that comparable fluorescent LC3-positive puncta can represent different autophagic intermediates. We also show that our approach is sufficiently robust to label endogenous LC3 simultaneously with other lysosomal and autophagy markers, LAMP1 or SQSTM1/p62, and can be used for quantitative approaches. Thus, we demonstrate that bafilomycin A1 treatment from 2.5 up to 24 h does not inhibit fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes, but leads to the accumulation of LC3-positive material inside autolysosomes. Together, this is the first study presenting an extensive overview of endogenous LC3 localization at ultrastructural resolution without the need for cell permeabilization and using a commercially available antibody. This provides researchers with a tool to study canonical and non-canonical roles of LC3 in native conditions.Abbreviations: BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BSA: bovine serum albumin; BSA-c: acetylated BSA; BSA5: BSA conjugated to 5-nm gold particles; CLEM: correlative light-electron microscopy; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; EM: electron microscopy; FBS: fetal bovine serum; FSG: fish skin gelatin; GA: glutaraldehyde; IF: immunofluorescence; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LC3s: LC3 proteins; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; ON: overnight; PAG: protein A-conjugated gold particles; PAG1-3: PAG5, PAG10, PAG15, protein A conjugated to 1-3-, 5-, 10-, or 15-nm gold particles; PB: Sorensen's phosphate buffer; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PFA: paraformaldehyde; RT: room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann De Mazière
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Beek
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van Dijk
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia de Heus
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,CONTACT Judith Klumperman Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Wen Y, Ma J. Phase separation drives the formation of biomolecular condensates in the immune system. Front Immunol 2022; 13:986589. [PMID: 36439121 PMCID: PMC9685520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
When the external conditions change, such as the temperature or the pressure, the multi-component system sometimes separates into several phases with different components and structures, which is called phase separation. Increasing studies have shown that cells condense related biomolecules into independent compartments in order to carry out orderly and efficient biological reactions with the help of phase separation. Biomolecular condensates formed by phase separation play a significant role in a variety of cellular processes, including the control of signal transduction, the regulation of gene expression, and the stress response. In recent years, many phase separation events have been discovered in the immune response process. In this review, we provided a comprehensive and detailed overview of the role and mechanism of phase separation in the innate and adaptive immune responses, which will help the readers to appreciate the advance and importance of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Changsha, China
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19
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Mitrea DM, Mittasch M, Gomes BF, Klein IA, Murcko MA. Modulating biomolecular condensates: a novel approach to drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:841-862. [PMID: 35974095 PMCID: PMC9380678 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, membraneless assemblies known as biomolecular condensates have been reported to play key roles in many cellular functions by compartmentalizing specific proteins and nucleic acids in subcellular environments with distinct properties. Furthermore, growing evidence supports the view that biomolecular condensates often form by phase separation, in which a single-phase system demixes into a two-phase system consisting of a condensed phase and a dilute phase of particular biomolecules. Emerging understanding of condensate function in normal and aberrant cellular states, and of the mechanisms of condensate formation, is providing new insights into human disease and revealing novel therapeutic opportunities. In this Perspective, we propose that such insights could enable a previously unexplored drug discovery approach based on identifying condensate-modifying therapeutics (c-mods), and we discuss the strategies, techniques and challenges involved.
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20
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Thellung S, Corsaro A, Dellacasagrande I, Nizzari M, Zambito M, Florio T. Proteostasis unbalance in prion diseases: Mechanisms of neurodegeneration and therapeutic targets. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:966019. [PMID: 36148145 PMCID: PMC9485628 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.966019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are progressive neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system that affect humans and animals as sporadic, inherited, and infectious forms. Similarly to Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, any attempt to reduce TSEs' lethality or increase the life expectancy of affected individuals has been unsuccessful. Typically, the onset of symptoms anticipates the fatal outcome of less than 1 year, although it is believed to be the consequence of a decades-long process of neuronal death. The duration of the symptoms-free period represents by itself a major obstacle to carry out effective neuroprotective therapies. Prions, the infectious entities of TSEs, are composed of a protease-resistant protein named prion protein scrapie (PrPSc) from the prototypical TSE form that afflicts ovines. PrPSc misfolding from its physiological counterpart, cellular prion protein (PrPC), is the unifying pathogenic trait of all TSEs. PrPSc is resistant to intracellular turnover and undergoes amyloid-like fibrillation passing through the formation of soluble dimers and oligomers, which are likely the effective neurotoxic entities. The failure of PrPSc removal is a key pathogenic event that defines TSEs as proteopathies, likewise other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease, characterized by alteration of proteostasis. Under physiological conditions, protein quality control, led by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and macroautophagy clears cytoplasm from improperly folded, redundant, or aggregation-prone proteins. There is evidence that both of these crucial homeostatic pathways are impaired during the development of TSEs, although it is still unclear whether proteostasis alteration facilitates prion protein misfolding or, rather, PrPSc protease resistance hampers cytoplasmic protein quality control. This review is aimed to critically analyze the most recent advancements in the cause-effect correlation between PrPC misfolding and proteostasis alterations and to discuss the possibility that pharmacological restoring of ubiquitin-proteasomal competence and stimulation of autophagy could reduce the intracellular burden of PrPSc and ameliorate the severity of prion-associated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Thellung
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsaro
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Irene Dellacasagrande
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Nizzari
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Zambito
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Tullio Florio
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21
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Keller C, Yorgan TA, Rading S, Schinke T, Karsak M. Impact of the Endocannabinoid System on Bone Formation and Remodeling in p62 KO Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:858215. [PMID: 35392569 PMCID: PMC8980328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.858215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptor CB2 and its interaction partner p62 are molecularly involved in bone remodeling processes. Pharmacological activation of the CB2 receptor enhanced bone volume in postmenopausal osteoporosis and arthritis models in rodents, whereas knockout or mutation of the p62 protein in aged mice led to Paget’s disease of bone-like conditions. Studies of pharmacological CB2 agonist effects on bone metabolism in p62 KO mice have not been performed to date. Here, we assessed the effect of the CB2-specific agonist JWH133 after a short-term (5 days in 3-month-old mice) or long-term (4 weeks in 6-month-old mice) treatment on structural, dynamic, and cellular bone morphometry obtained by μCT of the femur and histomorphometry of the vertebral bodies in p62 KO mice and their WT littermates in vivo. A genotype-independent stimulatory effect of CB2 on bone formation, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness after short-term treatment and on tissue mineral density after long-term treatment was detected, indicating a weak osteoanabolic function of this CB2 agonist. Moreover, after short-term systemic CB2 receptor activation, we found significant differences at the cellular level in the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts only in p62 KO mice, together with a weak increase in trabecular number and a decrease in trabecular separation. Long-term treatment showed an opposite JWH133 effect on osteoclasts in WT versus p62 KO animals and decreased cortical thickness only in treated p62 KO mice. Our results provide new insights into CB2 receptor signaling in vivo and suggest that CB2 agonist activity may be regulated by the presence of its macromolecular binding partner p62.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Keller
- Neuronal and Cellular Signal Transduction, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timur Alexander Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rading
- Neuronal and Cellular Signal Transduction, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Meliha Karsak
- Neuronal and Cellular Signal Transduction, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Simonsen A, Wollert T. Don't forget to be picky – selective autophagy of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 75:102064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Kumar AV, Mills J, Lapierre LR. Selective Autophagy Receptor p62/SQSTM1, a Pivotal Player in Stress and Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:793328. [PMID: 35237597 PMCID: PMC8883344 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.793328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient proteostasis is crucial for somatic maintenance, and its decline during aging leads to cellular dysfunction and disease. Selective autophagy is a form of autophagy mediated by receptors that target specific cargoes for degradation and is an essential process to maintain proteostasis. The protein Sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) is a classical selective autophagy receptor, but it also has roles in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, cellular metabolism, signaling, and apoptosis. p62 is best known for its role in clearing protein aggregates via aggrephagy, but it has recently emerged as a receptor for other forms of selective autophagy such as mitophagy and lipophagy. Notably, p62 has context-dependent impacts on organismal aging and turnover of p62 usually reflects active proteostasis. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the role of p62 in coordinating the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. We also discuss positive and negative effects of p62 on proteostatic status and their implications on aging and neurodegeneration. Finally, we relate the link between defective p62 and diseases of aging and examine the utility of targeting this multifaceted protein to achieve proteostatic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louis R. Lapierre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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24
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Dong L, Liu L, Li Y, Li W, Zhou L, Xia Q. E3 ligase Smurf1 protects against misfolded SOD1 in neuronal cells by promoting its K63 ubiquitylation and aggresome formation. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2035-2048. [PMID: 35022748 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
K63-linked polyubiquitination of the neurodegenerative disease-associated misfolded protein copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is associated with the formation of inclusion bodies. Highly expressed E3 ligase Smurf1 promotes cellular homostasis through the enhanced capability of aggregate degradation. However, it is not well explored the role of Smurf1 in the dynamics of SOD1 aggresomes. In this study, we report that Smurf1 promotes the recruitment of SOD1 to form aggresomes. Mechanistically, Smurf1 interacts with mutant SOD1 to promote aggresome formation by modification of its K63-linked polyubiquitination. Moreover, overexpressed Smurf1 enhances mutant SOD1 aggresome formation and autophagic degradation to prevent cell death. Thus, our data suggest that Smurf1 plays an important role in attenuating protein misfolding-induced cell toxicity by both driving the sequestration of misfolded SOD1 into aggresomes and autophagic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liqun Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenxuan Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liying Zhou
- Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical CO., LTD, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Qin Xia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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25
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Cuyler J, Murthy P, Spada NG, McGuire TF, Lotze MT, Xie XQ. Sequestsome-1/p62-targeted small molecules for pancreatic cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:362-370. [PMID: 34592447 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by heightened autophagy and systemic immune dysfunction. Modest improvements in clinical outcomes have been demonstrated in completed clinical trials targeting autophagy with combination hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chemotherapy. Recent mechanistic insights into the role of autophagy-dependent immune evasion have prompted the need for more precise and druggable targets of autophagy inhibition. Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM-1) is a multidomain scaffold protein with well-established roles in autophagy, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)- and NF-κB-related signaling pathways. SQSTM1 overexpression is frequently observed in PDAC, correlating with clinical stage and outcome. Given the unique molecular structure of SQSTM-1 and its diverse activity, identifying means of limiting SQSTM-1-dependent autophagy to promote an effective immune response in PDAC could be a promising treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Cuyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Pranav Murthy
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Neal G Spada
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Terence F McGuire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Immunology and Bioengineering, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Computational Biology and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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26
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James C, Lenz C, Urlaub H, Kehlenbach RH. Sequestosome 1 Is Part of the Interaction Network of VAPB. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413271. [PMID: 34948065 PMCID: PMC8707790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
VAPB (Vesicle-Associated-membrane Protein-associated protein B) is a tail-anchored membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that can also be detected at the inner nuclear membrane. As a component of many contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles, VAPB is engaged in multiple protein interactions with a plethora of binding partners. A mutant version of VAPB, P56S-VAPB, which results from a single point mutation, is involved in a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS8). We performed RAPIDS (rapamycin- and APEX-dependent identification of proteins by SILAC) to identify proteins that interact with or are in close proximity to P56S-VAPB. The mutation abrogates the interaction of VAPB with many known binding partners. Here, we identify Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), a well-known autophagic adapter protein, as a major interaction/proximity partner of P56S-VAPB. Remarkably, not only the mutant protein, but also wild-type VAPB interacts with SQSTM1, as shown by proximity ligation assays and co-immunoprecipiation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina James
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, GZMB (Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften), Georg-August-University Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (R.H.K.)
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytics Group, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (C.L.); (H.U.)
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytics Group, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (C.L.); (H.U.)
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralph H. Kehlenbach
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, GZMB (Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften), Georg-August-University Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (R.H.K.)
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27
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Chen Z, Yan Y, Qi C, Liu J, Li L, Wang J. The Role of Ferroptosis in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Therapeutic Significance. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:733229. [PMID: 34765653 PMCID: PMC8576275 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.733229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths worldwide with regulated cell death playing an important role in cardiac pathophysiology. However, the classical mode of cell death cannot fully explain the occurrence and development of heart disease. In recent years, much research has been performed on ferroptosis, a new type of cell death that causes cell damage and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of different organelles in ferroptosis and also focus on the relationship between autophagy and ferroptosis. Additionally, we describe the specific mechanism by which ferroptosis contributes to the development of CVD. Finally, we summarize the current research on ferroptosis-related pathway inhibitors and the applications of clinically beneficial cardiovascular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youyou Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longbo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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28
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Faruk MO, Ichimura Y, Kageyama S, Komatsu-Hirota S, El-Gowily AH, Sou YS, Koike M, Noda NN, Komatsu M. Phase-separated protein droplets of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated p62/SQSTM1 mutants show reduced inner fluidity. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101405. [PMID: 34774801 PMCID: PMC8649403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related proteins such as FUS, TDP-43, and hnRNPA1 demonstrate liquid–liquid phase separation, and their disease-related mutations correlate with a transition of their liquid droplet form into aggregates. Missense mutations in SQSTM1/p62, which have been identified throughout the gene, are associated with ALS, frontotemporal degeneration (FTD), and Paget’s disease of bone. SQSTM1/p62 protein forms liquid droplets through interaction with ubiquitinated proteins, and these droplets serve as a platform for autophagosome formation and the antioxidative stress response via the LC3-interacting region (LIR) and KEAP1-interacting region (KIR) of p62, respectively. However, it remains unclear whether ALS/FTD-related p62 mutations in the LIR and KIR disrupt liquid droplet formation leading to defects in autophagy, the stress response, or both. To evaluate the effects of ALS/FTD-related p62 mutations in the LIR and KIR on a major oxidative stress system, the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, as well as on autophagic turnover, we developed systems to monitor each of these with high sensitivity. These methods such as intracellular protein–protein interaction assay, doxycycline-inducible gene expression system, and gene expression into primary cultured cells with recombinant adenovirus revealed that some mutants, but not all, caused reduced NRF2 activation and delayed autophagic cargo turnover. In contrast, while all p62 mutants demonstrated sufficient ability to form liquid droplets, all of these droplets also exhibited reduced inner fluidity. These results indicate that like other ALS-related mutant proteins, p62 missense mutations result in a primary defect in ALS/FTD via a qualitative change in p62 liquid droplet fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Omar Faruk
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Ichimura
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shun Kageyama
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Komatsu-Hirota
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Afnan H El-Gowily
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Yu-Shin Sou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo N Noda
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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29
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Yang J, Chen X, Xu H. SQSTM1/p62 droplet -mediated autophagosome formation:insights into Huntington disease. Autophagy 2021; 17:3256-3259. [PMID: 34281469 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1953820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) manifests a unique macroautophagy/autophagy defect: the presense of cytosolic autophagosomes without substrates or so-called "empty" autophagosomes. It was proposed that mutant HTT (huntingtin; mHTT) disrupts cargo recognition by the selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 thus leading to the failure of cargo sequestration by phagophores, the precursors to autophagosomes. Here we looked at recent discoveries that liquid-like SQSTM1 droplets can serve as platforms for autophagosome formation, and discussed possible alternative mechanisms for "empty" autophagosome formation in HD inspired by these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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30
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The Pathways Underlying the Multiple Roles of p62 in Inflammation and Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070707. [PMID: 34206503 PMCID: PMC8301319 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
p62 is a highly conserved, multi-domain, and multi-functional adaptor protein critically involved in several important cellular processes. Via its pronounced domain architecture, p62 binds to numerous interaction partners, thereby influencing key pathways that regulate tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and several common diseases including cancer. Via binding of ubiquitin chains, p62 acts in an anti-inflammatory manner as an adaptor for the auto-, xeno-, and mitophagy-dependent degradation of proteins, pathogens, and mitochondria. Furthermore, p62 is a negative regulator of inflammasome complexes. The transcription factor Nrf2 regulates expression of a bundle of ROS detoxifying genes. p62 activates Nrf2 by interaction with and autophagosomal degradation of the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1. Moreover, p62 activates mTOR, the central kinase of the mTORC1 sensor complex that controls cell proliferation and differentiation. Through different mechanisms, p62 acts as a positive regulator of the transcription factor NF-κB, a central player in inflammation and cancer development. Therefore, p62 represents not only a cargo receptor for autophagy, but also a central signaling hub, linking several important pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. This review aims to summarize knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of p62 in health and disease. In particular, different types of tumors are characterized by deregulated levels of p62. The elucidation of how p62 contributes to inflammation and cancer progression at the molecular level might promote the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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