1
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Krawic C, Luczak MW, Zhitkovich A. Sensitive Detection of Histones and γ-H2AX by Immunoblotting: Problems and Solutions. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39237351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Histones and their posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are critical regulators of gene expression. Differentiation, environmental stressors, xenobiotics, and major human diseases cause significant changes in histone variants and PTMs. Western blotting is the mainstay methodology for detection of histones and their PTMs in the majority of studies. Surprisingly, despite their high abundance in cells, immunoblotting of histones typically involves loading of large protein amounts that are normally used for detection of sparse cellular proteins. We systematically examined technical factors in the Western-blotting-based detection of human histones with >30 antibodies. We found that under multiple protein transfer conditions, many histone epitopes on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes had a very low antibody accessibility, which was dramatically increased by the addition of a simple denaturation step. Denaturation of membrane-bound proteins also enhanced the specificity of some histone antibodies. In comparison to standard PVDF membranes, the sensitivity of histone detection on standard nitrocellulose membranes was typically much higher, which was further increased by the inclusion of the same denaturation step. Optimized protocols increased by >100-times detection sensitivity for the genotoxic marker γ-H2AX with two monoclonal antibodies. The impact of denaturation and nitrocellulose use varied for different histones, but for each histone, it was generally similar for antibodies targeting N-terminal and C-terminal regions. In summary, denaturation of membrane-bound histones strongly improves their detection by Westerns, resulting in more accurate measurements and permitting analyses with small biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Krawic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
| | - Michal W Luczak
- Unlocked Laboratories, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - Anatoly Zhitkovich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
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2
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Alverdy JC, Polcari A, Benjamin A. Social determinants of health, the microbiome, and surgical injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2024; 97:158-163. [PMID: 38441071 PMCID: PMC11199116 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Postinjury infection continues to plague trauma and emergency surgery patients fortunate enough to survive the initial injury. Rapid response systems, massive transfusion protocols, and the development of level 1 trauma centers, among others, have improved the outcome for millions of patients worldwide. Nonetheless, despite this excellent initial care, patients still remain vulnerable to postinjury infections that can result in organ failure, prolonged critical illness, and even death. While risk factors have been identified (degree of injury, blood loss, time to definitive care, immunocompromise, etc.), they remain probabilistic, not deterministic, and do not explain outcome variability at the individual case level. Here, we assert that analysis of the social determinants of health, as reflected in the patient's microbiome composition (i.e., community structure, membership) and function (metabolomic output), may offer a "window" with which to define individual variability following traumatic injury. Given emerging knowledge in the field, a more comprehensive evaluation of biomarkers within the patient's microbiome, from stool-based microbial metabolites to those in plasma and those present in exhaled breath, when coupled with clinical metadata and machine learning, could lead to a more deterministic assessment of an individual's risk for a poor outcome and those factors that are modifiable. The aim of this piece is to examine how measurable elements of the social determinants of health and the life history of the patient may be buried within the ecologic memory of the gut microbiome. Here we posit that interrogation of the gut microbiome in this manner may be used to inform novel approaches to drive recovery following a surgical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Alverdy
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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3
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Das C, Bhattacharya A, Adhikari S, Mondal A, Mondal P, Adhikary S, Roy S, Ramos K, Yadav KK, Tainer JA, Pandita TK. A prismatic view of the epigenetic-metabolic regulatory axis in breast cancer therapy resistance. Oncogene 2024; 43:1727-1741. [PMID: 38719949 PMCID: PMC11161412 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation established during development to maintain patterns of transcriptional expression and silencing for metabolism and other fundamental cell processes can be reprogrammed in cancer, providing a molecular mechanism for persistent alterations in phenotype. Metabolic deregulation and reprogramming are thus an emerging hallmark of cancer with opportunities for molecular classification as a critical preliminary step for precision therapeutic intervention. Yet, acquisition of therapy resistance against most conventional treatment regimens coupled with tumor relapse, continue to pose unsolved problems for precision healthcare, as exemplified in breast cancer where existing data informs both cancer genotype and phenotype. Furthermore, epigenetic reprograming of the metabolic milieu of cancer cells is among the most crucial determinants of therapeutic resistance and cancer relapse. Importantly, subtype-specific epigenetic-metabolic interplay profoundly affects malignant transformation, resistance to chemotherapy, and response to targeted therapies. In this review, we therefore prismatically dissect interconnected epigenetic and metabolic regulatory pathways and then integrate them into an observable cancer metabolism-therapy-resistance axis that may inform clinical intervention. Optimally coupling genome-wide analysis with an understanding of metabolic elements, epigenetic reprogramming, and their integration by metabolic profiling may decode missing molecular mechanisms at the level of individual tumors. The proposed approach of linking metabolic biochemistry back to genotype, epigenetics, and phenotype for specific tumors and their microenvironment may thus enable successful mechanistic targeting of epigenetic modifiers and oncometabolites despite tumor metabolic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrima Das
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Apoorva Bhattacharya
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Swagata Adhikari
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Atanu Mondal
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Payel Mondal
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Santanu Adhikary
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Siddhartha Roy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kenneth Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kamlesh K Yadav
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - John A Tainer
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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4
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Kim JH, Lee J, Im SS, Kim B, Kim EY, Min HJ, Heo J, Chang EJ, Choi KC, Shin DM, Son J. Glutamine-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP underlies resistance to TRAIL in pancreatic cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1013-1026. [PMID: 38684915 PMCID: PMC11058808 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because it kills cancer cells while sparing normal cells. However, many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), exhibit intrinsic or acquired resistance to TRAIL, and the molecular mechanisms underlying TRAIL resistance in cancers, particularly in PDAC, remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that glutamine (Gln) endows PDAC cells with resistance to TRAIL through KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP. Inhibition of glutaminolysis significantly reduced the cFLIP level, leading to TRAIL-mediated formation of death-inducing signaling complexes. Overexpression of cFLIP dramatically rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Alpha-Ketoglutarate (aKG) supplementation significantly reversed the decrease in the cFLIP level induced by glutaminolysis inhibition and rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, which facilitates the conversion of oxaloacetate and glutamate into aspartate and aKG, decreased aKG production and the cFLIP level and activated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. AKG-mediated epigenetic regulation was necessary for maintaining a high level of cFLIP. Glutaminolysis inhibition increased the abundance of H3K9me3 in the cFLIP promoter, indicating that Gln-derived aKG production is important for Jumonji-domain histone demethylase (JHDM)-mediated cFLIP regulation. The JHDM KDM4C regulated cFLIP expression by binding to its promoter, and KDM4C knockdown sensitized PDAC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The present findings suggest that Gln-derived aKG production is required for KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP, which leads to resistance to TRAIL.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein/metabolism
- CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein/genetics
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Glutamine/metabolism
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Ketoglutaric Acids/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic/metabolism
- Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic/genetics
- Animals
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Se Seul Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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5
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Muranaka H, Akinsola R, Billet S, Pandol SJ, Hendifar AE, Bhowmick NA, Gong J. Glutamine Supplementation as an Anticancer Strategy: A Potential Therapeutic Alternative to the Convention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1057. [PMID: 38473414 PMCID: PMC10930819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamine, a multifaceted nonessential/conditionally essential amino acid integral to cellular metabolism and immune function, holds pivotal importance in the landscape of cancer therapy. This review delves into the intricate dynamics surrounding both glutamine antagonism strategies and glutamine supplementation within the context of cancer treatment, emphasizing the critical role of glutamine metabolism in cancer progression and therapy. Glutamine antagonism, aiming to disrupt tumor growth by targeting critical metabolic pathways, is challenged by the adaptive nature of cancer cells and the complex metabolic microenvironment, potentially compromising its therapeutic efficacy. In contrast, glutamine supplementation supports immune function, improves gut integrity, alleviates treatment-related toxicities, and improves patient well-being. Moreover, recent studies highlighted its contributions to epigenetic regulation within cancer cells and its potential to bolster anti-cancer immune functions. However, glutamine implementation necessitates careful consideration of potential interactions with ongoing treatment regimens and the delicate equilibrium between supporting normal cellular function and promoting tumorigenesis. By critically assessing the implications of both glutamine antagonism strategies and glutamine supplementation, this review aims to offer comprehensive insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting glutamine metabolism for effective cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Muranaka
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rasaq Akinsola
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hendifar
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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6
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Neja S, Dashwood WM, Dashwood RH, Rajendran P. Histone Acyl Code in Precision Oncology: Mechanistic Insights from Dietary and Metabolic Factors. Nutrients 2024; 16:396. [PMID: 38337680 PMCID: PMC10857208 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer etiology involves complex interactions between genetic and non-genetic factors, with epigenetic mechanisms serving as key regulators at multiple stages of pathogenesis. Poor dietary habits contribute to cancer predisposition by impacting DNA methylation patterns, non-coding RNA expression, and histone epigenetic landscapes. Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acyl marks, act as a molecular code and play a crucial role in translating changes in cellular metabolism into enduring patterns of gene expression. As cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support rapid growth and proliferation, nuanced roles have emerged for dietary- and metabolism-derived histone acylation changes in cancer progression. Specific types and mechanisms of histone acylation, beyond the standard acetylation marks, shed light on how dietary metabolites reshape the gut microbiome, influencing the dynamics of histone acyl repertoires. Given the reversible nature of histone PTMs, the corresponding acyl readers, writers, and erasers are discussed in this review in the context of cancer prevention and treatment. The evolving 'acyl code' provides for improved biomarker assessment and clinical validation in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Neja
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Wan Mohaiza Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Roderick H. Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.N.); (W.M.D.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Antibody & Biopharmaceuticals Core, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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7
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Szabo E, Nagy B, Czajlik A, Komlodi T, Ozohanics O, Tretter L, Ambrus A. Mitochondrial Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes: Recent Developments on Structure and Function in Health and Disease. Subcell Biochem 2024; 104:295-381. [PMID: 38963492 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The present work delves into the enigmatic world of mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes discussing their metabolic significance, enzymatic operation, moonlighting activities, and pathological relevance with links to underlying structural features. This ubiquitous family of related but diverse multienzyme complexes is involved in carbohydrate metabolism (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), the citric acid cycle (α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), and amino acid catabolism (branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase complex); the complexes all function at strategic points and also participate in regulation in these metabolic pathways. These systems are among the largest multienzyme complexes with at times more than 100 protein chains and weights ranging up to ~10 million Daltons. Our chapter offers a wealth of up-to-date information on these multienzyme complexes for a comprehensive understanding of their significance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balint Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Czajlik
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Timea Komlodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oliver Ozohanics
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Ambrus
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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8
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Peter RM, Chou PJ, Shannar A, Patel K, Pan Y, Dave PD, Xu J, Sarwar MS, Kong ANT. An Update on Potential Molecular Biomarkers of Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Lung Cancer Interception and Prevention. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2699-2714. [PMID: 37726406 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times, dietary phytochemicals are known for their medicinal properties. They are broadly classified into polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, phytosterols, and organosulfur compounds. Currently, there is considerable interest in their potential health effects against various diseases, including lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths with an average of five-year survival rate of lung cancer patients limited to just 14%. Identifying potential early molecular biomarkers of pre-malignant lung cancer cells may provide a strong basis to develop early cancer detection and interception methods. In this review, we will discuss molecular changes, including genetic alterations, inflammation, signal transduction pathways, redox imbalance, epigenetic and proteomic signatures associated with initiation and progression of lung carcinoma. We will also highlight molecular targets of phytochemicals during lung cancer development. These targets mainly consist of cellular signaling pathways, epigenetic regulators and metabolic reprogramming. With growing interest in natural products research, translation of these compounds into new cancer prevention approaches to medical care will be urgently needed. In this context, we will also discuss the overall pharmacokinetic challenges of phytochemicals in translating to humans. Lastly, we will discuss clinical trials of phytochemicals in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mary Peter
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ahmad Shannar
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Komal Patel
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yuxin Pan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Parv Dushyant Dave
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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9
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Sharma NK, Sarode SC, Bahot A, Sekar G. Secretion of acetylated amino acids by drug-induced cancer cells: perspectives on metabolic-epigenetic alterations. Epigenomics 2023; 15:983-990. [PMID: 37933586 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging understanding of the super-complex and heterogeneous nature of tumor is well supported by metabolic reprogramming, leading survival advantages. Metabolic reprogramming contributes to tumor responsiveness and resistance to various antitumor drugs. Among the numerous adaptations made by cancer cells in response to drug-induced perturbations, key metabolic alterations involving amino acids and acetylated derivatives of amino acids have received special attention. Considering these implications discussed, targeting cancer-associated metabolic pathways, particularly those involving acetylated amino acids, emerges as an important avenue in the pursuit of combinatorial anticancer strategies. As a result, the introduction of mimetic acetylated amino acids represents a promising new class of inhibitors that could be used alongside traditional chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer & Translational Research Lab, Dr D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411033, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Dr D. Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Anjali Bahot
- Cancer & Translational Research Lab, Dr D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411033, India
| | - Gopinath Sekar
- Cancer & Translational Research Lab, Dr D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411033, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, 602117, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Du Y, Gupta P, Qin S, Sieber M. The role of metabolism in cellular quiescence. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260787. [PMID: 37589342 PMCID: PMC10445740 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a dormant, non-dividing cell state characterized by significant shifts in physiology and metabolism. Quiescence plays essential roles in a wide variety of biological processes, ranging from microbial sporulation to human reproduction and wound repair. Moreover, when the regulation of quiescence is disrupted, it can drive cancer growth and compromise tissue regeneration after injury. In this Review, we examine the dynamic changes in metabolism that drive and support dormant and transiently quiescent cells, including spores, oocytes and adult stem cells. We begin by defining quiescent cells and discussing their roles in key biological processes. We then examine metabolic factors that influence cellular quiescence in both healthy and disease contexts, and how these could be leveraged in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Du
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Parul Gupta
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shenlu Qin
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matthew Sieber
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC9040 ND13.214, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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11
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Hwang Y, Yun HJ, Jeong JW, Kim M, Joo S, Lee HK, Chang HS, Kim SM, Fang S. Co-inhibition of glutaminolysis and one-carbon metabolism promotes ROS accumulation leading to enhancement of chemotherapeutic efficacy in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:515. [PMID: 37573361 PMCID: PMC10423221 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with an extremely poor prognosis. Based on the several biological features related to glutamine metabolism in ATC, we hypothesized glutaminolysis inhibition induces cell death in ATC cells. However, glutamine metabolism inhibition triggered cell growth arrest independent of cell death in ATC, suggesting that other signaling pathways avoid glutamine metabolism inhibition-induced stress exist. To investigate the functional mechanism against glutamine metabolism inhibition, we conducted mRNA and ATAC-Sequencing data analysis and found that glutamine deprivation increased ATF4-mediated one-carbon metabolism. When we inhibited PHGDH, the first rate-limiting enzyme for one-carbon metabolism, cell growth arrest was promoted upon glutamine metabolism inhibition by accumulating intracellular ROS. We next observed that the co-inhibition of glutamine and one-carbon metabolism could augment the anticancer effects of drugs used in patients with ATC. Finally, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that one-carbon metabolism was strengthened through the evolutionary process from PTC to ATC. Collectively, our data demonstrate that one-carbon metabolism has a potential role of modulation of cell fate in metabolic stress and can be a therapeutic target for enhancing antitumor effects in ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseong Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Jun Yun
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Woong Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seyeon Joo
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Kyung Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hang-Seok Chang
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Mo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Pessoa J, Valenti MT, Bellance N, Chiarella P, Abebe T, Gerratana L, Pérez-Plasencia C, Kzhyshkowska J. Editorial: Altered expression of proteins in cancer: function and potential therapeutic targets, volume II. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1242855. [PMID: 37534242 PMCID: PMC10392946 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1242855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- João Pessoa
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nadège Bellance
- INSERM U1211, Rare Diseases: Genetic and Metabolism, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paula Chiarella
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónima de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Gene Technology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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13
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Oláh E. Learning from cancer to address COVID-19. Biol Futur 2023:10.1007/s42977-023-00156-5. [PMID: 37410273 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-023-00156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cancer have been disproportionately affected by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Knowledge collected during the last three decades of cancer research has helped the medical research community worldwide to respond to many of the challenges raised by COVID-19, during the pandemic. The review, briefly summarizes the underlying biology and risk factors of COVID-19 and cancer, and aims to present recent evidence on cellular and molecular relationship between the two diseases, with a focus on those that are related to the hallmarks of cancer and uncovered in the first less than three years of the pandemic (2020-2022). This may not only help answer the question "Why cancer patients are considered to be at a particularly high risk of developing severe COVID-19 illness?", but also helped treatments of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The last session highlights the pioneering mRNA studies and the breakthrough discovery on nucleoside-modifications of mRNA by Katalin Karikó, which led to the innovation and development of the mRNA-based SARSCoV-2 vaccines saving lives of millions and also opened the door for a new era of vaccines and a new class of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Oláh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary.
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14
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Couto JP, Vulin M, Jehanno C, Coissieux M, Hamelin B, Schmidt A, Ivanek R, Sethi A, Bräutigam K, Frei AL, Hager C, Manivannan M, Gómez‐Miragaya J, Obradović MMS, Varga Z, Koelzer VH, Mertz KD, Bentires‐Alj M. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase sustains a core epigenetic program that promotes metastatic colonization in breast cancer. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112559. [PMID: 37259596 PMCID: PMC10308372 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colonization of distant organs accounts for over 90% of deaths related to solid cancers, yet the molecular determinants of metastasis remain poorly understood. Here, we unveil a mechanism of colonization in the aggressive basal-like subtype of breast cancer that is driven by the NAD+ metabolic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). We demonstrate that NNMT imprints a basal genetic program into cancer cells, enhancing their plasticity. In line, NNMT expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with breast cancer. Accordingly, ablation of NNMT dramatically suppresses metastasis formation in pre-clinical mouse models. Mechanistically, NNMT depletion results in a methyl overflow that increases histone H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and DNA methylation at the promoters of PR/SET Domain-5 (PRDM5) and extracellular matrix-related genes. PRDM5 emerged in this study as a pro-metastatic gene acting via induction of cancer-cell intrinsic transcription of collagens. Depletion of PRDM5 in tumor cells decreases COL1A1 deposition and impairs metastatic colonization of the lungs. These findings reveal a critical activity of the NNMT-PRDM5-COL1A1 axis for cancer cell plasticity and metastasis in basal-like breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pinto Couto
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Milica Vulin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Charly Jehanno
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Marie‐May Coissieux
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Baptiste Hamelin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Proteomics Core Facility, BiozentrumUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsBaselSwitzerland
| | - Atul Sethi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsBaselSwitzerland
| | - Konstantin Bräutigam
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
- Institute of PathologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Anja L Frei
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Carolina Hager
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Madhuri Manivannan
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Jorge Gómez‐Miragaya
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Milan MS Obradović
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute of PathologyCantonal Hospital BasellandLiestalSwitzerland
| | - Mohamed Bentires‐Alj
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
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15
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Safaei S, Imani M. Computational design of a chimeric toxin against Claudin-4-expressing cancer cells: molecular modeling, docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2023; 14:259-265. [PMID: 37342289 PMCID: PMC10278906 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.548415.3378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main reasons of mortality all over the world. Over the time, the major ways for cancer-therapy were based on radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. These methods are not specific enough for that purpose, therefore, new ideas for design of new drugs with higher specificity are considered. Chimeric protein toxins are hybrid proteins consisting of a targeting portion and a toxic one which specifically bind and kill the target cancer cells. The main purpose of this study was designing a recombinant chimeric toxin with biding capability to one of the most key receptors namely claudin-4 which is over-expressed in almost all cancer cells. To design it, we utilized the last 30 C-terminal amino acids of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) as a binding module for claudin-4 and the toxic module which is the A-domain of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae. Using molecular modeling and docking methods, appropriate binding affinity of the recombinant chimeric toxin to its specific receptor was demonstrated. In the next step, the stability of this interaction was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. Although partial instability was detected at some time points, however, sufficient stable situation of hydrogens bonds and high binding affinity between the chimeric toxin and receptor were observed in the in silico studies which in turn suggested that this complex could be formed successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Imani
- Correspondence:Mehdi Imani. Msc, PhD, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, E-mail:
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16
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Li L, Xu Q, Tang C. RGS proteins and their roles in cancer: friend or foe? Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:81. [PMID: 37118788 PMCID: PMC10148553 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As negative modulators of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signaling, regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins facilitate various downstream cellular signalings through regulating kinds of heterotrimeric G proteins by stimulating the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of G-protein α (Gα) subunits. The expression of RGS proteins is dynamically and precisely mediated by several different mechanisms including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation -and post-translational regulation. Emerging evidence has shown that RGS proteins act as important mediators in controlling essential cellular processes including cell proliferation, survival -and death via regulating downstream cellular signaling activities, indicating that RGS proteins are fundamentally involved in sustaining normal physiological functions and dysregulation of RGS proteins (such as aberrant expression of RGS proteins) is closely associated with pathologies of many diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms governing the expression of RGS proteins, and further discuss the relationship of RGS proteins and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Alizadeh J, Kavoosi M, Singh N, Lorzadeh S, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Mraiche F, Mowat MR, Ghavami S. Regulation of Autophagy via Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082195. [PMID: 37190124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are an important component of tumor cell progression. Tumor cells adapt to environmental stresses via changes to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Autophagy, a physiological process in mammalian cells that digests damaged organelles and misfolded proteins via lysosomal degradation, is closely associated with metabolism in mammalian cells, acting as a meter of cellular ATP levels. In this review, we discuss the changes in glycolytic and lipid biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells and their impact on carcinogenesis via the autophagy pathway. In addition, we discuss the impact of these metabolic pathways on autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Navjit Singh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael R Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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18
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Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms: A Boon for Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010169. [PMID: 36672677 PMCID: PMC9855697 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising approach against cancer. In the last decade, various immunological mechanisms have been targeted to induce an increase in the immune response against cancer cells. However, despite promising results, many patients show partial response, resistance, or serious toxicities. A promising way to overcome this is the use of immunotherapeutic approaches, in combination with other potential therapeutic approaches. Aberrant epigenetic modifications play an important role in carcinogenesis and its progression, as well as in the functioning of immune cells. Thus, therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant epigenetic mechanisms and the immune response might provide an effective antitumor effect. Further, the recent development of potent epigenetic drugs and immunomodulators gives hope to this combinatorial approach. In this review, we summarize the synergy mechanism between epigenetic therapies and immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer, and discuss recent advancements in the translation of this approach.
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19
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Kant R, Manne RK, Anas M, Penugurti V, Chen T, Pan BS, Hsu CC, Lin HK. Deregulated transcription factors in cancer cell metabolisms and reprogramming. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1158-1174. [PMID: 36244530 PMCID: PMC11220368 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an important cancer hallmark that plays a key role in cancer malignancies and therapy resistance. Cancer cells reprogram the metabolic pathways to generate not only energy and building blocks but also produce numerous key signaling metabolites to impact signaling and epigenetic/transcriptional regulation for cancer cell proliferation and survival. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which metabolic reprogramming is regulated in cancer may provide potential new strategies for cancer targeting. Recent studies suggest that deregulated transcription factors have been observed in various human cancers and significantly impact metabolism and signaling in cancer. In this review, we highlight the key transcription factors that are involved in metabolic control, dissect the crosstalk between signaling and transcription factors in metabolic reprogramming, and offer therapeutic strategies targeting deregulated transcription factors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Kant
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar Manne
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Mohammad Anas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Vasudevarao Penugurti
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Tingjin Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
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20
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Aydemir D, Ulusu NN. The possible importance of the antioxidants and oxidative stress metabolism in the emerging monkeypox disease: An opinion paper. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1001666. [PMID: 36339207 PMCID: PMC9633114 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1001666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aydemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey,Duygu Aydemir
| | - Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey,*Correspondence: Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
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21
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Keating ST, El-Osta A. Metaboloepigenetics in cancer, immunity and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:357-370. [PMID: 35389425 PMCID: PMC10064843 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of cellular metabolism on epigenetic pathways are well documented but misunderstood. Scientists have long known of the metabolic impact on epigenetic determinants. More often than not, that title role for DNA methylation was portrayed by the metabolite SAM or S-adenosylmethionine. Technically speaking there are many other metabolites that drive epigenetic processes that instruct seemingly distant - yet highly connect pathways - and none more so than our understanding of the cancer epigenome. Recent studies have shown that available energy link the extracellular environment to influence cellular responses. This focused review examines the recent interest in epigenomics and casts cancer, metabolism and immunity in unfamiliar roles - cooperating. There are not only language lessons from cancer research, we have come round to appreciate that reaching into areas previously thought of as too distinct are also object lessons in understanding health and disease. The Warburg effect is one such signature of how glycolysis influences metabolic shift during oncogenesis. That shift in metabolism - now recognised as central to proliferation in cancer biology - influence core enzymes that not only control gene expression but are also central to replication, condensation and the repair of nucleic acid. These nuclear processes rely on metabolism and with glucose at center stage the role of respiration and oxidative metabolism are now synonymous with the mitochondria as the powerhouses of metaboloepigenetics. The emerging evidence for metaboloepigenetics in trained innate immunity has revealed recognisable signalling pathways with antecedent extracellular stimulation. With due consideration to immunometabolism we discuss the striking signalling similarities influencing these core pathways. The immunometabolic-epigenetic axis in cardiovascular disease has deeply etched connections with inflammation and we examine the chromatin template as a carrier of epigenetic indices that determine the expression of genes influencing atherosclerosis and vascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Keating
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,University College Copenhagen, Faculty of Health, Department of Technology, Biomedical Laboratory Science, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kalyanaraman B. Exploiting the tumor immune microenvironment and immunometabolism using mitochondria-targeted drugs: Challenges and opportunities in racial disparity and cancer outcome research. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22226. [PMID: 35233843 PMCID: PMC9242412 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101862r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Black and Hispanic cancer patients have a higher incidence of cancer mortality. Many factors (e.g., socioeconomic differences, insufficient access to healthcare) contribute to racial disparity. Emerging research implicates biological disparity in cancer outcomes. Studies show distinct differences in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in Black cancer patients. Studies also have linked altered mitochondrial metabolism to changes in immune cell activation in TIME. Recent publications revealed a novel immunomodulatory role for triphenylphosphonium-based mitochondrial-targeted drugs (MTDs). These are synthetically modified, naturally occurring molecules (e.g., honokiol, magnolol, metformin) or FDA-approved small molecule drugs (e.g., atovaquone, hydroxyurea). Modifications involve conjugating the parent molecule via an alkyl linker chain to a triphenylphosphonium moiety. These modified molecules (e.g., Mito-honokiol, Mito-magnolol, Mito-metformin, Mito-atovaquone, Mito-hydroxyurea) accumulate in tumor cell mitochondria more effectively than in normal cells and inhibit mitochondrial respiration, induce reactive oxygen species, activate AMPK and redox transcription factors, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Besides these intrinsic effects of MTDs in redox signaling and proliferation in tumors, MTDs induced extrinsic effects in the TIME of mouse xenografts. MTD treatment inhibited tumor-suppressive immune cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells, and activated T cells and antitumor immune effects. One key biological disparity in Black cancer patients was related to altered mitochondrial oxidative metabolism; MTDs targeting vulnerabilities in tumor cells and the TIME may help us understand this biological disparity. Clinical trials should include an appropriate number of Black and Hispanic cancer patients and should validate the intratumoral, antihypoxic effects of MTDs with imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of BiophysicsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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23
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Hudlikar RR, Sargsyan D, Cheng D, Kuo HCD, Wu R, Su X, Kong AN. Tobacco carcinogen 4-[methyl(nitroso)amino]-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK) drives metabolic rewiring and epigenetic reprograming in A/J mice lung cancer model and prevention with diallyl sulphide (DAS). Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:140-149. [PMID: 34888630 PMCID: PMC8947221 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of biomarkers in lung cancer is one of the best preventive strategies. Although many attempts have been made to understand the early events of lung carcinogenesis including cigarette smoking (CS) induced lung carcinogenesis, the integrative metabolomics and next-generation sequencing approaches are lacking. In this study, we treated the female A/J mice with CS carcinogen 4-[methyl(nitroso)amino]-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and naturally occurring organosulphur compound, diallyl sulphide (DAS) for 2 and 4 weeks after NNK injection and examined the metabolomic and DNA CpG methylomic and RNA transcriptomic profiles in the lung tissues. NNK drives metabolic changes including mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolites and pathways including Nicotine and its derivatives like nicotinamide and nicotinic acid. RNA-seq analysis and Reactome pathway analysis demonstrated metabolism pathways including Phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes, mitochondrial oxidation and signaling kinase activation pathways modulated in a sequential manner. DNA CpG methyl-seq analyses showed differential global methylation patterns of lung tissues from week 2 versus week 4 in A/J mice including Adenylate Cyclase 6 (ADCY6), Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 (Rac3). Oral DAS treatment partially reversed some of the mitochondrial metabolic pathways, global methylation and transcriptomic changes during this early lung carcinogenesis stage. In summary, our result provides insights into CS carcinogen NNK's effects on driving alterations of metabolomics, epigenomics and transcriptomics and the chemopreventive effect of DAS in early stages of sequential lung carcinogenesis in A/J mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika R Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Su
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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24
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, epigenetic regulators have emerged as major players in cellular processes that drive cancer initiation and progression, and subsequently modulate the responsiveness of cancers to therapeutic agents. This Special Issue of The FEBS Journal, Cancer Epigenetics, features an exciting collection of review articles that focus on the functions of a broad spectrum of epigenetic modulators in cancer. The diverse topics explored herein range from the roles of transposable elements and chromatin architecture in cancer and the most recent research advances on cancer-associated histone variants (oncohistones), to the effects of altered epigenetics on transcription and advanced cancer cell phenotypes. Moreover, the prospective key function of cancer metabolism in linking epigenetics and transcriptional regulation, and the potential of epigenetics for targeted cancer therapeutics is discussed. We hope that this collection of articles will give readers an enlightening overview of the most recent advances in the fast-moving field of cancer epigenetics.
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25
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Aramini B, Masciale V, Grisendi G, Bertolini F, Maur M, Guaitoli G, Chrystel I, Morandi U, Stella F, Dominici M, Haider KH. Dissecting Tumor Growth: The Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Drug Resistance and Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040976. [PMID: 35205721 PMCID: PMC8869911 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is one of the most debated problems all over the world. Cancer stem cells are considered responsible of tumor initiation, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. This subpopulation of cells has been found into the tumor bulk and showed the capacity to self-renew, differentiate, up to generate a new tumor. In the last decades, several studies have been set on the molecular mechanisms behind their specific characteristics as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, Hedgehog signaling, transcription factors, etc. The most powerful part of CSCs is represented by the niches as “promoter” of their self-renewal and “protector” from the common oncological treatment as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In our review article we highlighted the primary mechanisms involved in CSC tumorigenesis for the setting of further targets to control the metastatic process. Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is responsible for initiation, progression, and metastasis cascade in tumors. CSCs share characteristics with normal stem cells, i.e., self-renewal and differentiation potential, suggesting that they can drive cancer progression. Consequently, targeting CSCs to prevent tumor growth or regrowth might offer a chance to lead the fight against cancer. CSCs create their niche, a specific area within tissue with a unique microenvironment that sustains their vital functions. Interactions between CSCs and their niches play a critical role in regulating CSCs’ self-renewal and tumorigenesis. Differences observed in the frequency of CSCs, due to the phenotypic plasticity of many cancer cells, remain a challenge in cancer therapeutics, since CSCs can modulate their transcriptional activities into a more stem-like state to protect themselves from destruction. This plasticity represents an essential step for future therapeutic approaches. Regarding self-renewal, CSCs are modulated by the same molecular pathways found in normal stem cells, such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, and Hedgehog signaling. Another key characteristic of CSCs is their resistance to standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments, due to their capacity to rest in a quiescent state. This review will analyze the primary mechanisms involved in CSC tumorigenesis, with particular attention to the roles of CSCs in tumor progression in benign and malignant diseases; and will examine future perspectives on the identification of new markers to better control tumorigenesis, as well as dissecting the metastasis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine–DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy;
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (V.M.); (U.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Masciale
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (V.M.); (U.M.)
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Federica Bertolini
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Michela Maur
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Giorgia Guaitoli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Isca Chrystel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (V.M.); (U.M.)
| | - Franco Stella
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine–DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy;
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (G.G.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (I.C.); (M.D.)
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26
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Hu Y, He W, Huang Y, Xiang H, Guo J, Che Y, Cheng X, Hu F, Hu M, Ma T, Yu J, Tian H, Tian S, Ji YX, Zhang P, She ZG, Zhang XJ, Huang Z, Yang J, Li H. Fatty Acid Synthase-Suppressor Screening Identifies Sorting Nexin 8 as a Therapeutic Target for NAFLD. Hepatology 2021; 74:2508-2525. [PMID: 34231239 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS NAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease without any Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacological intervention in clinic. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is one of the most attractive targets for NAFLD treatment because of its robust rate-limiting capacity to control hepatic de novo lipogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of FASN in NAFLD and potential therapeutic strategies targeting FASN remain largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Through a systematic interactomics analysis of FASN-complex proteins, we screened and identified sorting nexin 8 (SNX8) as a binding partner of FASN. SNX8 directly bound to FASN and promoted FASN ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. We further demonstrated that SNX8 mediated FASN protein degradation by recruiting the E3 ligase tripartite motif containing 28 (TRIM28) and enhancing the TRIM28-FASN interaction. Notably, Snx8 interference in hepatocytes significantly deteriorated lipid accumulation in vitro, whereas SNX8 overexpression markedly blocked hepatocyte lipid deposition. Furthermore, the aggravating effect of Snx8 deletion on NAFLD was validated in vivo as hepatic steatosis and lipogenic pathways in the liver were significantly exacerbated in Snx8-knockout mice compared to wild-type controls. Consistently, hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Snx8 in vivo markedly suppressed high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHC)-induced hepatic steatosis. Notably, the protective effect of SNX8 against NAFLD was largely dependent on FASN suppression. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that SNX8 is a key suppressor of NAFLD that promotes FASN proteasomal degradation. Targeting the SNX8-FASN axis is a promising strategy for NAFLD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi He
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yongping Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yan Che
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manli Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Tian
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Tian
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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