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Muranaka H, Akinsola R, Billet S, Pandol SJ, Hendifar AE, Bhowmick NA, Gong J. Glutamine Supplementation as an Anticancer Strategy: A Potential Therapeutic Alternative to the Convention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1057. [PMID: 38473414 PMCID: PMC10930819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamine, a multifaceted nonessential/conditionally essential amino acid integral to cellular metabolism and immune function, holds pivotal importance in the landscape of cancer therapy. This review delves into the intricate dynamics surrounding both glutamine antagonism strategies and glutamine supplementation within the context of cancer treatment, emphasizing the critical role of glutamine metabolism in cancer progression and therapy. Glutamine antagonism, aiming to disrupt tumor growth by targeting critical metabolic pathways, is challenged by the adaptive nature of cancer cells and the complex metabolic microenvironment, potentially compromising its therapeutic efficacy. In contrast, glutamine supplementation supports immune function, improves gut integrity, alleviates treatment-related toxicities, and improves patient well-being. Moreover, recent studies highlighted its contributions to epigenetic regulation within cancer cells and its potential to bolster anti-cancer immune functions. However, glutamine implementation necessitates careful consideration of potential interactions with ongoing treatment regimens and the delicate equilibrium between supporting normal cellular function and promoting tumorigenesis. By critically assessing the implications of both glutamine antagonism strategies and glutamine supplementation, this review aims to offer comprehensive insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting glutamine metabolism for effective cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Muranaka
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rasaq Akinsola
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hendifar
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (S.B.); (S.J.P.); (A.E.H.); (N.A.B.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Muranaka H, Billet S, Cruz-Hernández C, Ten Hoeve J, Gonzales G, Elmadbouh O, Zhang L, Smith B, Tighiouart M, You S, Edderkaoui M, Hendifar A, Pandol S, Gong J, Bhowmick N. Supraphysiological glutamine as a means of depleting intracellular amino acids to enhance pancreatic cancer chemosensitivity. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3647514. [PMID: 38076821 PMCID: PMC10705710 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3647514/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Limited efficacy of systemic therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients contributes to high mortality. Cancer cells develop strategies to secure nutrients in nutrient-deprived conditions and chemotherapy treatment. Despite the dependency of PDAC on glutamine (Gln) for growth and survival, strategies designed to suppress Gln metabolism have limited effects. Here, we demonstrated that supraphysiological concentrations of glutamine (SPG) could produce paradoxical responses leading to tumor growth inhibition alone and in combination with chemotherapy. Integrated metabolic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that the growth inhibitory effect of SPG was the result of a decrease in intracellular amino acid and nucleotide pools. Mechanistically, disruption of the sodium gradient, plasma membrane depolarization, and competitive inhibition of amino acid transport mediated amino acid deprivation. Among standard chemotherapies given to PDAC patients, gemcitabine treatment resulted in a significant enrichment of amino acid and nucleoside pools, exposing a metabolic vulnerability to SPG-induced metabolic alterations. Further analysis highlighted a superior anticancer effect of D-glutamine, a non-metabolizable enantiomer of the L-glutamine, by suppressing both amino acid uptake and glutaminolysis, in gemcitabine-treated preclinical models with no apparent toxicity. Our study suggests supraphysiological glutamine could be a means of inhibiting amino acid uptake and nucleotide biosynthesis, potentiating gemcitabine sensitivity in PDAC.
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Zhang L, Zheng Y, Chien W, Ziman B, Billet S, Koeffler HP, Lin DC, Bhowmick NA. ARID1A Deficiency Regulates Anti-Tumor Immune Response in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5377. [PMID: 38001638 PMCID: PMC10670331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
ARID1A, a member of the chromatin remodeling SWI/SNF complex, is frequently lost in many cancer types, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Here, we study the impact of ARID1A deficiency on the anti-tumor immune response in EAC. We find that EAC tumors with ARID1A mutations are associated with enhanced tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell levels. ARID1A-deficient EAC cells exhibit heightened IFN response signaling and promote CD8+ T cell recruitment and cytolytic activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that ARID1A regulates fatty acid metabolism genes in EAC, showing that fatty acid metabolism could also regulate CD8+ T cell recruitment and CD8+ T cell cytolytic activity in EAC cells. These results suggest that ARID1A deficiency shapes both tumor immunity and lipid metabolism in EAC, with significant implications for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
| | - Yueyuan Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
| | - Wenwen Chien
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
| | - Benjamin Ziman
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
| | - H. Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.C.); (B.Z.); (S.B.); (H.P.K.)
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Wang Z, Kim SY, Tu W, Kim J, Xu A, Yang YM, Matsuda M, Reolizo L, Tsuchiya T, Billet S, Gangi A, Noureddin M, Falk BA, Kim S, Fan W, Tighiouart M, You S, Lewis MS, Pandol SJ, Di Vizio D, Merchant A, Posadas EM, Bhowmick NA, Lu SC, Seki E. Extracellular vesicles in fatty liver promote a metastatic tumor microenvironment. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1209-1226.e13. [PMID: 37172577 PMCID: PMC10524732 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Liver metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Fatty liver promotes liver metastasis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We demonstrated that hepatocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in fatty liver enhanced the progression of CRC liver metastasis by promoting oncogenic Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Fatty liver upregulated Rab27a expression, which facilitated EV production from hepatocytes. In the liver, these EVs transferred YAP signaling-regulating microRNAs to cancer cells to augment YAP activity by suppressing LATS2. Increased YAP activity in CRC liver metastasis with fatty liver promoted cancer cell growth and an immunosuppressive microenvironment by M2 macrophage infiltration through CYR61 production. Patients with CRC liver metastasis and fatty liver had elevated nuclear YAP expression, CYR61 expression, and M2 macrophage infiltration. Our data indicate that fatty liver-induced EV-microRNAs, YAP signaling, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment promote the growth of CRC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wei Tu
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Jieun Kim
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Alexander Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yoon Mee Yang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Michitaka Matsuda
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lien Reolizo
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Takashi Tsuchiya
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Alexandra Gangi
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ben A Falk
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wei Fan
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mourad Tighiouart
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Michael S Lewis
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Akil Merchant
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Shelly C Lu
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Gong J, Osipov A, Lorber J, Tighiouart M, Kwan AK, Muranaka H, Akinsola R, Billet S, Levi A, Abbas A, Davelaar J, Bhowmick N, Hendifar AE. Combination L-Glutamine with Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Treatment-Naïve Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: The Phase I GlutaPanc Study Protocol. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1392. [PMID: 37239063 PMCID: PMC10216251 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced pancreatic cancer is underscored by progressive therapeutic resistance and a dismal 5-year survival rate of 3%. Preclinical data demonstrated glutamine supplementation, not deprivation, elicited antitumor effects against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) alone and in combination with gemcitabine in a dose-dependent manner. The GlutaPanc phase I trial is a single-arm, open-label clinical trial investigating the safety of combination L-glutamine, gemcitabine, and nab-paclitaxel in subjects (n = 16) with untreated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Following a 7-day lead-in phase with L-glutamine, the dose-finding phase via Bayesian design begins with treatment cycles lasting 28 days until disease progression, intolerance, or withdrawal. The primary objective is to establish the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of combination L-glutamine, gemcitabine, and nab-paclitaxel. Secondary objectives include safety of the combination across all dose levels and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. Exploratory objectives include evaluating changes in plasma metabolites across multiple time points and changes in the stool microbiome pre and post L-glutamine supplementation. If this phase I clinical trial demonstrates the feasibility of L-glutamine in combination with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine, we would advance the development of this combination as a first-line systemic option in subjects with metastatic pancreatic cancer, a high-risk subgroup desperately in need of additional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jeremy Lorber
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mourad Tighiouart
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Albert K. Kwan
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rasaq Akinsola
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Abrahm Levi
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Anser Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - John Davelaar
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Neil Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hendifar
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Smith BN, Mishra R, Billet S, Placencio-Hickok VR, Kim M, Zhang L, Duong F, Madhav A, Scher K, Moldawer N, Oppenheim A, Angara B, You S, Tighiouart M, Posadas EM, Bhowmick NA. Antagonizing CD105 and androgen receptor to target stromal-epithelial interactions for clinical benefit. Mol Ther 2023; 31:78-89. [PMID: 36045587 PMCID: PMC9840108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) are standard of care for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Eventual resistance to ARSIs can include the expression of androgen receptor (AR) splice variant, AR-V7, expression as a recognized means of ligand-independent androgen signaling. We demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-6-mediated AR-V7 expression requires bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and CD105 receptor activity in both PCa and associated fibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation supported CD105-dependent ID1- and E2F-mediated expression of RBM38. Further, RNA immune precipitation demonstrated RBM38 binds the AR-cryptic exon 3 to enable AR-V7 generation. The forced expression of AR-V7 by primary prostatic fibroblasts diminished PCa sensitivity to ARSI. Conversely, downregulation of AR-V7 expression in cancer epithelia and associated fibroblasts was achieved by a CD105-neutralizing antibody, carotuximab. These compelling pre-clinical findings initiated an interventional study in PCa patients developing ARSI resistance. The combination of carotuximab and ARSI (i.e., enzalutamide or abiraterone) provided disease stabilization in four of nine assessable ARSI-refractory patients. Circulating tumor cell evaluation showed AR-V7 downregulation in the responsive subjects on combination treatment and revealed a three-gene panel that was predictive of response. The systemic antagonism of BMP/CD105 signaling can support ARSI re-sensitization in pre-clinical models and subjects that have otherwise developed resistance due to AR-V7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany N Smith
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rajeev Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | - Minhyung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Frank Duong
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Anisha Madhav
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kevin Scher
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Nancy Moldawer
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Amy Oppenheim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Bryan Angara
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mourad Tighiouart
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
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7
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Zhang L, Billet S, Gonzales G, Rohena-Rivera K, Muranaka H, Chu GCY, Yang Q, Kim H, Bhowmick NA, Smith B. Fatty Acid Signaling Impacts Prostate Cancer Lineage Plasticity in an Autocrine and Paracrine Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143449. [PMID: 35884514 PMCID: PMC9318639 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A high-fat diet is implicated in prostate cancer progression in patients. Prostate-cancer-associated fibroblasts play an important role in promoting tumor progression and therapeutic resistance to androgen-receptor-signaling inhibitors, such as enzalutamide. We investigated the mechanism of saturated fatty acids’ impact on prostate cancer reprogramming. Our work demonstrates that the tumor microenvironment defines the biology of prostate cancer progression induced by saturated fatty acids. This study also provides relevant data to potentially improve prognosis for patients with high fat intake through the inhibition of the identified signaling pathways. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) affects an estimated 250,000 men every year and causes 34,000 deaths annually. A high-fat diet and obesity are associated with PCa progression and mortality. This study’s premise was the novel observation of crosstalk between PCa epithelia and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in response to palmitate-mediated lineage plasticity. We found that cholesterol activated canonical Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by increasing cilium Gli activity in PCa cells, while palmitate activated Hh independent of Gli. Exogenous palmitate activated SOX2, a known mediator of lineage plasticity, in PCa cells cocultured with CAF. Stroma-derived Wnt5a was upregulated in CAF while cocultured with PCa cells and treated with palmitate. Wnt5a knockdown in CAF inhibited Hh and SOX2 expression in PCa cells from cocultures. These findings supported our proposed mechanism of a high-fat diet promoting Hh signaling-mediated transformation within the tumor microenvironment. SOX2 and Wnt5a expression were limited by the CD36 neutralizing antibody. Mice xenografted with PCa epithelia and CAF tumors were fed a high-fat diet, leading to elevated SOX2 expression and lineage plasticity reprogramming compared to mice fed an isocaloric rodent diet. CD36 inhibition with enzalutamide elevated apoptosis by TUNEL, but limited proliferation and SOX2 expression compared to enzalutamide alone. This study revealed a mechanism for a high-fat diet to affect prostate cancer progression. We found that saturated fat induced lineage plasticity reprogramming of PCa by interaction with CAF through Wnt5a and Hh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Gabrielle Gonzales
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Gina Chia-Yi Chu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Correspondence: (N.A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Bethany Smith
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.B.); (B.S.)
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8
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Rivera KR, You S, Kim M, Billet S, Hoeve-Scott J, Gonzales G, Huang C, Heard A, Bhowmick NA. Abstract 3239: OXCT1: Role of ketone bodies in acquired gemcitabine resistance in bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer accounts for 81,000 new cases per year and 4.7% of the new cancer diagnosis in the US. Even though most of the patients suffer from non-invasive lesions, around 70% will recur following surgical intervention. Chemotherapy with gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin is a common treatment option for recurrent disease, however 60% of the patients will relapse due to resistance. Gemcitabine (2’,2’-difluoro 2’-deoxycytidine) is classified as an antimetabolite, is commonly administered to BCa patients. This DNA synthesis inhibitor, is also used to treat pancreatic, breast, ovarian, and non-small cell lung cancer patients. Having lower relative toxicity, BCa patients are given gemcitabine as a single agent for intravesical therapy. Resistance mechanisms for gemcitabine have been reported to involve Hedgehog, Wnt, and Notch, signaling as potential means of cancer stem cell programming dependent on the tumor type. In examining mechanisms of resistance, we identified ketone body metabolism to be important. OXCT1, a rate-limiting enzyme in ketone metabolism, was found to be highly associated with bladder cancer death - Hoglund et al. P = 2.3x10-3 and TCGA, P = 6.5x10-4. We measured the expression of OXCT1 in RT4, UMUC3, T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cell lines and observed that expression correlated with gemcitabine resistance. The generation of gemcitabine resistance of otherwise sensitive 5637 cells (5637GR) resulted in elevation of OXCT1. Conversely, the CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of OXCT1 was able to sensitize inherently resistant UMUC3 and generated 5637GR lines. Given that OXCT1 is a rate limiting enzyme in ketone metabolism, we evaluated oxygen consumption rate finding increase metabolic activity. Furthermore we evaluated stemness through sphere forming assays (hanging drop and forced floating methods) to reveal that the OXCT1-KO lines had reduced spheres compared to their parental lines. Keeping in mind that several developmental processes were altered in 5637GR and restored to parental levels in the 5637GR-OXCT1-KO, we evaluated the transcriptomic differences in the cell types to determine the mechanism that led to the metabolic changes induced by gemcitabine resistance. master regulator analysis that revealed three key transcription factors (TFs), TBX2, SOX15 and OVOL1. Analysis of the downstream targets of the three master regulators in the TCGA BCa data (n = 408), the Peter C. Black neoadjuvant chemotherapy data (n = 134) and the Hoglund muscle invasive data (n = 308) demonstrated that OVOL1 is highly associated with recurrence. Moreover, downstream targets of OVOL1 are involved in fatty acid metabolism, survival and differentiation. These data links ketone metabolism and stemness. Additionally, it opens the door for targets in gemcitabine treatment
Citation Format: Krizia Rohena Rivera, Sungyoung You, Minhyung Kim, Sandrine Billet, Johanna Hoeve-Scott, Gabrielle Gonzales, Chengqun Huang, Ashley Heard, Neil A. Bhowmick. OXCT1: Role of ketone bodies in acquired gemcitabine resistance in bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3239.
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9
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Thiruvalluvan M, Billet S, Bhowmick NA. Antagonizing Glutamine Bioavailability Promotes Radiation Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102491. [PMID: 35626095 PMCID: PMC9139225 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Radiation is the standard of care for prostate cancer, but almost half the patients develop resistant disease. It is imperative to understand the reasons behind disease progression to develop more effective strategies of treatment. We determined that glutamine is a crucial nutrient in driving prostate cancer tumors as people with more glutamine have poorer outcomes. We hypothesized that directly depriving cancer cells of this precious resource will further sensitize them to radiation. We sought to repurpose the drug L-asparaginase, which has been used extensively to treat leukemia patients, to complement radiation therapy for prostate cancer patients. This drug depletes glutamine in the blood and hinders an aspect of cell growth that makes cancer cells that are otherwise resistant vulnerable to irradiation. Ultimately, mouse models of prostate cancer given L-asparaginase in combination with irradiation were more effective at reducing tumor size than radiation alone. Abstract Nearly half of localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients given radiation therapy develop recurrence. Here, we identified glutamine as a key player in mediating the radio-sensitivity of PCa. Glutamine transporters and glutaminase are upregulated by radiation therapy of PCa cells, but respective inhibitors were ineffective in radio-sensitization. However, targeting glutamine bioavailability by L-asparaginase (L-ASP) led to a significant reduction in clonogenicity when combined with irradiation. L-ASP reduced extracellular asparagine and glutamine, but the sensitization effects were driven through its depletion of glutamine. L-ASP led to G2/M cell cycle checkpoint blockade. As evidence, there was a respective delay in DNA repair associated with RAD51 downregulation and upregulation of CHOP, contributing to radiation-induced cell death. A radio-resistant PCa cell line was developed, was found to bypass radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe, and was sensitive to L-ASP/radiation combination treatment. Previously, PCa-associated fibroblasts were reported as a glutamine source supporting tumor progression. As such, glutamine-free media were not effective in promoting radiation-induced PCa cell death when co-cultured with associated primary fibroblasts. However, the administration L-ASP catalyzed glutamine depletion with irradiated co-cultures and catalyzed tumor volume reduction in a mouse model. The clinical history of L-ASP for leukemia patients supports the viability for its repurposing as a radio-sensitizer for PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Thiruvalluvan
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.T.); (S.B.)
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.T.); (S.B.)
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-871-4697
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10
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Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted different vulnerability profiles among individuals. With the highest mortality rate, the elderly are a very sensitive group. With regard to the main symptoms, a failure of the respiratory system, associated with deregulation of the immune system, has been observed. These symptoms may also be encountered in chronic exposure of susceptible populations to air pollution, including exacerbation of the inflammatory response. Is there a relationship between age, pollution exposure and the severity of COVID-19? Although it is unclear how these parameters are related, the same pathways can be activated and appear to find a common mechanism of action in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Martin
- Dr. Sylvain Billet, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, 189A, Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France. Phone: +33-3 28 23 76 41, E-mail:
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11
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Liu C, Billet S, Choudhury D, Cheng R, Haldar S, Fernandez A, Biondi S, Liu Z, Zhou H, Bhowmick NA. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells interact with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells to promote cancer progression and drug resistance. Neoplasia 2021; 23:118-128. [PMID: 33310208 PMCID: PMC7732973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are often diagnosed at later stages with poor outcomes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are recruited to primary tumor sites where they can have pro- and antitumorigenic influence. In trying to better understand the dynamics between MSC and cancer cells, we found that head and neck cancer-MSC exposure resulted in mesenchymal features, elevated proliferation rate, and were more motile, like the same cells that fused with MSC. We orthotopically grafted the parental head and neck cancer cells, those fused with MSC, or those exposed to MSC into the tongues of mice. The cancer cells originally incubated with MSC developed larger more aggressive tumors compared to the parental cell line. RNA sequencing analysis revealed the expression of genes associated with drug resistance in the cancer cells exposed to MSC compared to parental cancer cells. Strikingly, MSC exposed cancer cell lines developed paclitaxel resistance that could be maintained up to 30 d after the initial co-incubation period. The secretory profile of the MSC suggested IL-6 to be a potential mediator of epigenetic imprinting on the head and neck cancer cells. When the MSC-imprinted cancer cells were exposed to the demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'deoxycytidine, it restored the expression of the drug resistance genes to that of parental cells. This study demonstrated that the recognized recruitment of MSC to tumors could impart multiple protumorigenic properties including chemotherapy resistance like that observed in the relatively rare event of cancer/MSC cell fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medical, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Subhash Haldar
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shea Biondi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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12
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Salem AF, Gambini L, Billet S, Sun Y, Oshiro H, Zhao M, Hoffman RM, Bhowmick NA, Pellecchia M. Prostate Cancer Metastases Are Strongly Inhibited by Agonistic Epha2 Ligands in an Orthotopic Mouse Model. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102854. [PMID: 33023262 PMCID: PMC7600344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We demonstrate that pro-oncogenic EphA2 (ephrin type-A receptor 2) expression is activated in aggressive prostate cancers, and in mouse models of prostate cancers that are treated with enzalutamide. We also demonstrate in mouse models, that agonistic EphA2 targeting agents are very effective in suppressing cell migration and tumor metastases, hence anticipating the possible use of such agents in innovative anti-metastatic therapeutic modalities. Abstract The EphA2 tyrosine kinase receptor is highly expressed in several types of solid tumors. In our recent studies, we targeted EphA2 in pancreatic cancer with agonistic agents and demonstrated that suppression of EphA2 significantly reduced cancer-cell migration in cell-based assays. In the present study, we focused on targeting EphA2 in prostate cancer. While not all prostate cancers express EphA2, we showed that enzalutamide induced EphA2 expression in prostate cancer cells and in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) animal model, which provides further impetus to target EphA2 in prostate cancer. Western blot studies showed that agonistic dimeric synthetic (135H12) and natural (ephrinA1-Fc) ligands effectively degraded EphA2 receptor in the prostate cancer cell line PC-3. The agents also delayed cell migration of prostate cancer (PC-3) cells, while an in vivo PC-3 orthotopic metastatic nude-mouse model also revealed that administration of ephrinA1-Fc or 135H12 strongly reduced metastases. The present study further validates EphA2 as an important target in metastatic prostate cancer treatment. Our results should incentivize further efforts aimed at developing potent and effective EphA2 synthetic agonistic agents for the treatment of EphA2-driven aggressive metastatic tumors including prostate, pancreatic, and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. Salem
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (A.F.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Luca Gambini
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (A.F.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.B.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Yu Sun
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow St., San Diego, CA 92111, USA; (Y.S.); (H.O.); (M.Z.); (R.M.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hiromichi Oshiro
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow St., San Diego, CA 92111, USA; (Y.S.); (H.O.); (M.Z.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Ming Zhao
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow St., San Diego, CA 92111, USA; (Y.S.); (H.O.); (M.Z.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow St., San Diego, CA 92111, USA; (Y.S.); (H.O.); (M.Z.); (R.M.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.B.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Maurizio Pellecchia
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (A.F.S.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-951-8277829
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13
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Ohashi K, Wang Z, Yang YM, Billet S, Tu W, Pimienta M, Cassel SL, Pandol SJ, Lu SC, Sutterwala FS, Bhowmick N, Seki E. NOD-like receptor C4 Inflammasome Regulates the Growth of Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis in NAFLD. Hepatology 2019; 70:1582-1599. [PMID: 31044438 PMCID: PMC6819206 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) enhances the growth and recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis. With the rising prevalence of NAFLD, a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying NAFLD-associated liver metastasis is crucial. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a large portion of the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor growth. NOD-like receptor C4 (NLRC4), a component of an inflammasome complex, plays a role in macrophage activation and interleukin (IL)-1β processing. We aimed to investigate whether NLRC4-mediated TAM polarization contributes to metastatic liver tumor growth in NAFLD. Wild-type and NLRC4-/- mice were fed low-fat or high-fat diet for 6 weeks followed by splenic injection of mouse CRC MC38 cells. The tumors were analyzed 2 weeks after CRC cell injection. High-fat diet-induced NAFLD significantly increased the number and size of CRC liver metastasis. TAMs and CD206-expressing M2 macrophages accumulated markedly in tumors in the presence of NAFLD. NAFLD up-regulated the expression of IL-1β, NLRC4, and M2 markers in tumors. In NAFLD, but not normal livers, deletion of NLRC4 decreased liver tumor growth accompanied by decreased M2 TAMs and IL-1β expression in tumors. Wild-type mice showed increased vascularity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in tumors with NAFLD, but these were reduced in NLRC4-/- mice. When IL-1 signaling was blocked by recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, liver tumor formation and M2-type macrophages were reduced, suggesting that IL-1 signaling contributes to M2 polarization and tumor growth in NAFLD. Finally, we found that TAMs, but not liver macrophages, produced more IL-1β and VEGF following palmitate challenge. Conclusion: In NAFLD, NLRC4 contributes to M2 polarization, IL-1β, and VEGF production in TAMs, which promote metastatic liver tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Ohashi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yoon Mee Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Wei Tu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael Pimienta
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Cassel
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Fayyaz S. Sutterwala
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Neil Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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14
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Salem AF, Wang S, Billet S, Chen JF, Udompholkul P, Gambini L, Baggio C, Posadas EM, Bhowmick NA, Pellecchia M. Abstract 3913: Selective targeting of circulating tumor cells with agonistic EphA2 ligand. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
EphA2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in many cancer types like pancreatic, colon and breast cancers. Targeting cancer cells with an EphA2-targeting molecule conjugated with cytotoxic agents can spare normal cells from chemotherapy side effects. Here, we developed (123B9)2, a novel, potent ligand for the EphA2 receptor that binds to EphA2 ligand-binding domain and causes receptor activation at a sub micromolar concentration as evident in biochemical and cell-based assays. Furthermore, our molecule showed enhanced resistance to degradation, making it suitable for in vivo studies. Subsequently, we conjugated (123B9)2 with paclitaxel, a mitotic spindle inhibitor, and administered it in nude mice bearing breast cancer cells MDA-MD-231 in mammary glands. Remarkably, (123B9)2 paclitaxel-conjugate showed significant inhibition of breast cancer circulating tumor cells (CTC)s in orthotropic mice compared to paclitaxel alone. Finally, we are planning to use our molecule as a single agent to target cancer cells.
Citation Format: Ahmed F. Salem, Si Wang, Sandrine Billet, Jie-Fu Chen, Parima Udompholkul, Luca Gambini, Carlo Baggio, Edwin M. Posadas, Neil A. Bhowmick, Maurizio Pellecchia. Selective targeting of circulating tumor cells with agonistic EphA2 ligand [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3913.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Si Wang
- 1University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | | | - Jie-Fu Chen
- 2Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Luca Gambini
- 1University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Carlo Baggio
- 1University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
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15
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Salem AF, Wang S, Billet S, Chen JF, Udompholkul P, Gambini L, Baggio C, Tseng HR, Posadas EM, Bhowmick NA, Pellecchia M. Reduction of Circulating Cancer Cells and Metastases in Breast-Cancer Models by a Potent EphA2-Agonistic Peptide-Drug Conjugate. J Med Chem 2018; 61:2052-2061. [PMID: 29470068 PMCID: PMC5907794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
EphA2
overexpression has been associated with metastasis in multiple
cancer types, including melanomas and ovarian, prostate, lung, and
breast cancers. We have recently proposed the development of peptide–drug
conjugates (PDCs) using agonistic EphA2-targeting agents, such as
the YSA peptide or its optimized version, 123B9. Although our studies
indicated that YSA– and 123B9–drug conjugates can selectively
deliver cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells in vivo, the relatively low
cellular agonistic activities (i.e., the high micromolar concentrations
required) of the agents toward the EphA2 receptor remained a limiting
factor to the further development of these PDCs in the clinic. Here,
we report that a dimeric version of 123B9 can induce receptor activation
at nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the
conjugation of dimeric 123B9 with paclitaxel is very effective at
targeting circulating tumor cells and inhibiting lung metastasis in
breast-cancer models. These studies represent an important step toward
the development of effective EphA2-targeting PDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F Salem
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine , University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Si Wang
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute , 10901 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 8700 Beverly Boulevard , Los Angeles , California 90048 , United States
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Medicine , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 8700 Beverly Boulevard , Los Angeles , California 90048 , United States
| | - Parima Udompholkul
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine , University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Luca Gambini
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine , University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Carlo Baggio
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine , University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology , University of California, Los Angeles , 570 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 8700 Beverly Boulevard , Los Angeles , California 90048 , United States
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 8700 Beverly Boulevard , Los Angeles , California 90048 , United States.,Department of Research , Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration , Los Angeles , California 90073 , United States
| | - Maurizio Pellecchia
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine , University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
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16
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Billet S, Pugnet G, Chollet T, Charbonnier G, Fournier P, Prévot G, Tétu L, Cournot M, Derumeaux H, Carrié D, Galinier M, Lairez O. Transthoracic echocardiography to quantify pulmonary vascular resistances in patients with systemic sclerosis. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2017.11.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tripathi M, Nandana S, Billet S, Cavassani KA, Mishra R, Chung LWK, Posadas EM, Bhowmick NA. Modulation of cabozantinib efficacy by the prostate tumor microenvironment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87891-87902. [PMID: 29152128 PMCID: PMC5675680 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is increasingly recognized as the arbiter of metastatic progression and drug resistance in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Cabozantinib is a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with reported biological activity in the PCa epithelia, but failed to provide an overall survival benefit in phase 3 clinical trials. However, the promising biologic efficacy of the drug in early trials warranted a better understanding of the mechanism of action, with the goal of improving patient selection for TKI-based therapy such as cabozantinib. We found a 100-fold lower cabozantinib IC50 in macrophages, PCa associated fibroblasts, and bone marrow fibroblasts compared to PCa epithelia. In PCa mouse models, pre-treatment with cabozantinib potentiated osseous and visceral tumor engraftment, suggesting a pro-tumorigenic host response to the drug. We further found that the host effects of cabozantinib impacted bone turnover, but not necessarily tumor expansion. Cabozantinib affected M1 macrophage polarization in mice. Analogously, circulating monocytes from PCa patients treated with cabozantinib, demonstrated a striking correlation of monocyte reprograming with therapeutic bone responsivity, to support patient selection at early stages of treatment. Thus, a re-evaluation of TKI-based therapeutic strategies in PCa can be considered for suitable patient populations based on TME responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Tripathi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Srinivas Nandana
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Karen A Cavassani
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Rajeev Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.,Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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18
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Bouisset F, Blanco S, Bongard V, Sebai F, Billet S, Biendel C, Lairez O, Lhermusier T, Boudou N, Campelo-Parada F, Roncalli J, Galinier M, Elbaz M, Carrie D, Ferrieres J. P4697Prognosis impact of frailty assessed by the Edmonton Frail Scale in the setting of acute coronary syndrome in the elderly. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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19
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Cheng R, Choudhury D, Liu C, Billet S, Hu T, Bhowmick NA. Gingival fibroblasts resist apoptosis in response to oxidative stress in a model of periodontal diseases. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15046. [PMID: 27551475 PMCID: PMC4979524 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are classified as inflammation affecting the supporting tissue of teeth, which eventually leads to tooth loss. Mild reversible gingivitis and severe irreversible periodontitis are the most common periodontal diseases. Periodontal pathogens initiate the diseases. The bacterial toxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggers the inflammatory response and leads to oxidative stress. However, the progress of oxidative stress in periodontal diseases is unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine oxidative stress and cell damage in gingivitis and periodontitis. Our results showed that LPS increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in gingival fibroblast (GF). However, oxidative stress resulting from excessive ROS did not influence DNA damage and cell apoptosis within 24 h. The mechanism may be related to the increased expression of DNA repair genes, Ogg1, Neil1 and Rad50. Detection of apoptosis-related proteins also showed anti-apoptotic effects and pro-apoptotic effects were balanced. The earliest damage appeared in DNA when increased γH2AX, an early biomarker for DNA damage, was detected in the LPS group after 48 h. Later, when recurrent inflammation persisted, 8-OHdG, a biomarker for oxidative stress was much higher in periodontitis model compared to the control in vivo. Staining of 8-OHdG in human periodontitis specimens confirmed the results. Furthermore, TUNEL staining of apoptotic cells indicated that the periodontitis model induced more cell apoptosis in gingival tissue. This suggested GF could resist early and acute inflammation (gingivitis), which was regarded as reversible, but recurrent and chronic inflammation (periodontitis) led to permanent cell damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Choudhury
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Liu
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - S Billet
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - N A Bhowmick
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Landkocz Y, Al Zallouha M, Brunet J, Cousin R, Halket J, Genty E, Courcot D, Siffert S, Shirali P, Billet S. Toxicological validation during the development of new catalytic systems using air/liquid interface cell exposure system. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Landkocz Y, Gosset P, Heliot A, Corbiere C, Vendeville C, Kevarec V, Billet S, Verdin A, Monteil C, Preterre D, Morin JP, Sichel F, Douki T, Martin P. Indirect genotoxicity of diesel engine emission: An in vivo study under controlled conditions. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Brennen WN, Levy O, Ranganath S, Schweizer M, Rosen M, Billet S, Bhowmick N, Denmeade S, Karp J, Isaacs J. Abstract 699: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as cell-based vectors for PSA-activated proaerolysin to sites of prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) traffic to sites of inflammation, such as those commonly found at sites of prostate and other cancers. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, our group has shown that MSCs represent 0.01-1.1% of the total cells present at sites of primary prostate cancer (PCa). Allogeneic MSCs have been safely administered to >1000 patients in over 350 clinical trials worldwide for a variety of diseases. Coupled with their ability to evade the immune system, this suggests that allogeneic MSCs can be used as cell-based delivery vectors for anti-cancer agents.
Towards this goal, a method has been developed to load MSCs with PLGA microparticles (MP) encapsulating PSA-activated proaerolysin. Proaerolysin is a highly potent (low pM) bacterial pore-forming toxin that selectively kills PSA-expressing cells in a proliferation-independent manner, which is critical due to the low proliferative index of PCa. Proaerolysin has been modified using site-directed mutagenesis to replace the wildtype activation domain with a PSA cleavage sequence. Though prodrug delivery will be enriched at cancer sites using MSC ‘Trojan horses’, entrapment in non-malignant tissue, such as the lung, following systemic administration is expected and must be addressed; here, using a prodrug strategy. Importantly, enzymatically active PSA is only present in the prostate and at sites of PCa, including metastases. Circulating PSA is inactive due to covalent binding to serum protease inhibitors. Therefore, toxicity to non-target tissues will be minimized through both selective delivery and prodrug activation.
The prodrug is released from the MPs in a controlled manner over at least a 1 week period in vitro. Hemolysis assays in the presence of MP-conditioned supernatant demonstrated that MP fabrication does not neutralize drug toxicity. Furthermore, incubation of LNCaP (PSA+) and PC3 (PSA-) cells with MP-conditioned supernatant demonstrates selective toxicity to PSA-expressing cells at low nM concentrations. MP internalization by MSCs has been confirmed using both flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Chitosan-modification of the MPs permitted increased loading of MSCs (100 ug/mL of MPs). For long-term development, preclinical studies such as these have raised the question of tumor homing efficiency in humans. Therefore, an ongoing FDA-approved first-in-man pre-prostatectomy clinical trial to quantify the number of systemically-delivered allogeneic MSCs that traffic to sites of primary PCa has been initiated. BEAMing (digital PCR) technology will be used to accurately quantify donor MSCs based on differential SNP profiles (detection threshold: ≥0.01%). Data from this trial will be used to determine the amount of prodrug-loaded MPs necessary to deliver per MSC to achieve a therapeutic effect. This data will subsequently be used in ongoing animal studies to model clinical relevance in efficacy studies prior to further translation.
Citation Format: W. Nathaniel Brennen, Oren Levy, Sudhir Ranganath, Michael Schweizer, Marc Rosen, Sandrine Billet, Neil Bhowmick, Samuel Denmeade, Jeffrey Karp, John Isaacs. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as cell-based vectors for PSA-activated proaerolysin to sites of prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 699. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-699
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oren Levy
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard-MIT Division of HST, Boston, MA
| | - Sudhir Ranganath
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard-MIT Division of HST, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Schweizer
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marc Rosen
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sandrine Billet
- 3The Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Neil Bhowmick
- 3The Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Samuel Denmeade
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jeffrey Karp
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard-MIT Division of HST, Boston, MA
| | - John Isaacs
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
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Wang S, Noberini R, Stebbins JL, Das S, Zhang Z, Wu B, Mitra S, Billet S, Fernandez A, Bhowmick NA, Kitada S, Pasquale EB, Fisher PB, Pellecchia M. Targeted delivery of paclitaxel to EphA2-expressing cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 19:128-37. [PMID: 23155185 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE YSA is an EphA2-targeting peptide that effectively delivers anticancer agents to prostate cancer tumors. Here, we report on how we increased the drug-like properties of this delivery system. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN By introducing non-natural amino acids, we have designed two new EphA2 targeting peptides: YNH, where norleucine and homoserine replace the two methionine residues of YSA, and dYNH, where a D-tyrosine replaces the L-tyrosine at the first position of the YNH peptide. We describe the details of the synthesis of YNH and dYNH paclitaxel conjugates (YNH-PTX and dYNH-PTX) and their characterization in cells and in vivo. RESULTS dYNH-PTX showed improved stability in mouse serum and significantly reduced tumor size in a prostate cancer xenograft model and also reduced tumor vasculature in a syngeneic orthotopic allograft mouse model of renal cancer compared with vehicle or paclitaxel treatments. CONCLUSION This study reveals that targeting EphA2 with dYNH drug conjugates could represent an effective way to deliver anticancer agents to a variety of tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 90237, USA
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24
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Abstract
The major cellular components of tumor microenvironment, referred to as the cancer stroma, are composed of cancer-associated fibroblasts that support tumor epithelial growth, invasion and therapeutic resistance. Thus when we speak of developing therapies that address tumor heterogeneity it is not only a matter of different mutations within the tumor epithelia. While individual mutations in the stromal compartment are controversial, the heterogeneity in fibroblastic population in a single tumor is not up for debate. Cooperative interaction among heterotypic fibroblasts and tumor cells contribute to cancer progression. Therefore to tackle solid tumors, we need to understand its complex microenvironment. Here we review some seminal developments in the field of tumor microenvironment, mainly focusing on cancer-associated fibroblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Tripathi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Shirali P, Belot P, Billet S, Finol MF, Verdin A, Lamonier J, Siffert S, Garcon G. Toxicity of butanol and/or aldehyde by-products arising from its incomplete catalytic degradation in human epithelial lung cells (BEAS-2B). Toxicol Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Billet S, Lepers C, Garcon G, Dergham M, Andre V, Verdin A, Sichel F, Shirali P. Genotoxicity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) depending on its origin and sampling season. Toxicol Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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André V, Billet S, Pottier D, Le Goff J, Pottier I, Garçon G, Shirali P, Sichel F. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of PM2.5 issued from an urbano-industrialized area of Dunkerque (France). J Appl Toxicol 2011; 31:131-8. [PMID: 20687134 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the link between chronic exposure to particulate matter (PM), especially particles with an aerodynamic diameter lesser than 2.5 µm (PM(2.5) ), and lung cancer. Mechanistic investigations focus on the contribution of the various genotoxicants adsorbed onto the particles, and more particularly on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or nitroaromatics. Most of the previous studies dealing with genotoxic and/or mutagenic measurements were performed on organic extracts obtained from PM(2.5) collected in polluted areas. In contrast, we have evaluated genotoxic and mutagenic properties of urbano-industrial PM(2.5) (PM) collected in Dunkerque (France). Thermally desorbed PM(2.5) (dPM) was also comparatively studied. Suspensions of PM and dPM (5-50 µg per plate) were tested in Salmonella tester strains TA98, TA102 and YG1041 ± S9mix. Significant mutagenicity was observed for PM in YG1041 ± S9 mix. In strain TA102 - S9mix, a slight, but not significant dose-response increase was observed, for both PM and dPM. Genotoxic properties of PM and dPM were evaluated by the measurement of (1) 8-OHdG in A549 cells and (2) bulky DNA adducts on A549 cells and on human alveolar macrophages (AMs) in primary culture. A dose-dependant formation of 8-OHdG adducts was observed on A549 cells for PM and dPM, probably mainly attributed to the core of the particles. Bulky DNA adducts were observed only in AMs after exposure to PM and dPM. In conclusion, using relevant exposure models, suspension of PM(2.5) induces a combination of DNA-interaction mechanisms, which could contribute to the induction of lung cancer in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V André
- Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le Cancer (GRECAN) EA1772 et IFR 146 (ICORE), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie et Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.
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28
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Gonzalez-Villalobos RA, Billet S, Kim C, Satou R, Fuchs S, Bernstein KE, Navar LG. Intrarenal angiotensin-converting enzyme induces hypertension in response to angiotensin I infusion. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22:449-59. [PMID: 21115616 PMCID: PMC3060439 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2010060624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system to the development of hypertension is incompletely understood. Here, we used targeted homologous recombination to generate mice that express angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the kidney tubules but not in other tissues. Mice homozygous for this genetic modification (ACE 9/9 mice) had low BP levels, impaired ability to concentrate urine, and variable medullary thinning. In accord with the ACE distribution, these mice also had reduced circulating angiotensin II and high plasma renin concentration but maintained normal kidney angiotensin II levels. In response to chronic angiotensin I infusions, ACE 9/9 mice displayed increased kidney angiotensin II, enhanced rate of urinary angiotensin II excretion, and development of hypertension. These findings suggest that intrarenal ACE-derived angiotensin II formation, even in the absence of systemic ACE, increases kidney angiotensin II levels and promotes the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romer A Gonzalez-Villalobos
- Departments of Physiology and Hypertension, Renal Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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Lin C, Datta V, Okwan-Duodu D, Chen X, Fuchs S, Alsabeh R, Billet S, Bernstein KE, Shen XZ. Angiotensin-converting enzyme is required for normal myelopoiesis. FASEB J 2010; 25:1145-55. [PMID: 21148418 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-169433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) induces anemia in humans and mice, but it is unclear whether ACE is involved in other aspects of hematopoiesis. Here, we systemically evaluated ACE-knockout (KO) mice and found myelopoietic abnormalities characterized by increased bone marrow myeloblasts and myelocytes, as well as extramedullary myelopoiesis. Peritoneal macrophages from ACE-KO mice were deficient in the production of effector molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-12p40, and CD86 when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. ACE-KO mice were more susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus infection. Further studies using total or fractionated bone marrows revealed that ACE regulates myeloid proliferation, differentiation, and functional maturation via angiotensin II and substance P and through the angiotensin II receptor type 1 and substance P neurokinin 1 receptors. Angiotensin II was correlated with CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein-α up-regulation during myelopoiesis. Angiotensin II supplementation of ACE-KO mice rescued macrophage functional maturation. These results demonstrate a previous unrecognized significant role for ACE in myelopoiesis and imply new perspectives for manipulating myeloid cell expansion and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chentao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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30
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Bernstein KE, Shen XZ, Gonzalez-Villalobos RA, Billet S, Okwan-Duodu D, Ong FS, Fuchs S. Different in vivo functions of the two catalytic domains of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Curr Opin Pharmacol 2010; 11:105-11. [PMID: 21130035 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) can cleave angiotensin I, bradykinin, neurotensin and many other peptide substrates in vitro. In part, this is due to the structure of ACE, a protein composed of two independent catalytic domains. Until very recently, little was known regarding the specific in vivo role of each ACE domain, and they were commonly regarded as equivalent. This is not true, as shown by mouse models with a genetic inactivation of either the ACE N- or C-domain. In vivo, most angiotensin II is produced by the ACE C-domain. Some peptides, such as the anti-fibrotic peptide AcSDKP, are substrates only of the ACE N-domain. Knowing the in vivo role of each ACE domain has great significance for developing ACE domain-specific inhibitors and for understanding the full effects of the anti-ACE pharmaceuticals in widespread clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 110 N. George Burns Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Datta V, Duodu DO, Shen XG, Billet S, Bernstein K. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) over‐expression in myelomonocytic cells markedly augments resistance to methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) by increasing iNOS levels. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.lb427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivekananda Datta
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCedar Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Derrick O Duodu
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCedar Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Xiao Gregory Shen
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCedar Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCedar Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Kenneth Bernstein
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCedar Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
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32
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Shen XZ, Xiao HD, Li P, Lin CX, Billet S, Okwan-Duodu D, Adams JW, Bernstein EA, Xu Y, Fuchs S, Bernstein KE. New insights into the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme obtained from the analysis of genetically modified mice. J Mol Med (Berl) 2008; 86:679-84. [PMID: 18443752 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-008-0325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been well-recognized for its role in blood pressure regulation. ACE is made by many tissues, though it is most abundantly expressed on the luminal surface of vascular endothelium. ACE knockout mice show a profound phenotype with low blood pressure, but also with hemopoietic and developmental defects, which complicates understanding the biological functions of ACE in individual tissue types. Using a promoter-swapping strategy, several mouse lines with unique ACE tissue expression patterns were studied. These include mice with ACE expression in the liver (ACE 3/3), the heart (ACE 8/8), and macrophages (ACE 10/10). We also investigated mice with a selective inactivation of either the N- or C-terminal ACE catalytic domain. Our studies indicate that ACE plays a role in many other physiologic processes beyond simple blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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33
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Shen XZ, Lukacher AE, Billet S, Williams IR, Bernstein KE. Expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme changes major histocompatibility complex class I peptide presentation by modifying C termini of peptide precursors. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:9957-65. [PMID: 18252713 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709574200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported a mouse model called ACE 10/10 in which macrophages overexpress the carboxypeptidase angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). These mice have an enhanced inflammatory response to tumors that markedly inhibits tumor growth. Here, we show that ACE modifies the C termini of peptides for presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. The peptide-processing activity of ACE applies to antigens from either the extracellular environment (cross-presentation) or antigens produced endogenously. Consistent with its role in MHC class I antigen processing, ACE localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. ACE overexpression does not appear to change the overall supply of peptides available to MHC class I molecules. The immunization of wild type mice previously given ACE 10/10 macrophages enhances the efficiency of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell priming. These data reveal that ACE is a dynamic participant in fashioning the peptide repertoire for MHC class I molecules by modifying the C termini of peptide precursors. Manipulation of peptidase expression by antigen-presenting cells may ultimately prove a useful strategy to enhance the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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34
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Billet S, Bardin S, Verp S, Baudrie V, Michaud A, Conchon S, Muffat-Joly M, Escoubet B, Souil E, Hamard G, Bernstein KE, Gasc JM, Elghozi JL, Corvol P, Clauser E. Gain-of-function mutant of angiotensin II receptor, type 1A, causes hypertension and cardiovascular fibrosis in mice. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:1914-25. [PMID: 17607364 PMCID: PMC1890996 DOI: 10.1172/jci28764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the renin-angiotensin system has been investigated by overexpression or inactivation of its different genes in animals. However, there is no data concerning the effect of the constitutive activation of any component of the system. A knockin mouse model has been constructed with a gain-of-function mutant of the Ang II receptor, type 1A (AT(1A)), associating a constitutively activating mutation (N111S) with a C-terminal deletion, which impairs receptor internalization and desensitization. In vivo consequences of this mutant receptor expression in homozygous mice recapitulate its in vitro characteristics: the pressor response is more sensitive to Ang II and longer lasting. These mice present with a moderate (~20 mmHg) and stable increase in BP. They also develop early and progressive renal fibrosis and cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction. However, there was no overt cardiac hypertrophy. The hormonal parameters (low-renin and inappropriately normal aldosterone productions) mimic those of low-renin human hypertension. This new model reveals that a constitutive activation of AT(1A) leads to cardiac and renal fibrosis in spite of a modest effect on BP and will be useful for investigating the role of Ang II in target organs in a model similar to some forms of human hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Billet
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sabine Bardin
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sonia Verp
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Véronique Baudrie
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Annie Michaud
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sophie Conchon
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Martine Muffat-Joly
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brigitte Escoubet
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Evelyne Souil
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ghislaine Hamard
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Bernstein
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jean Marie Gasc
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Elghozi
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Pierre Corvol
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric Clauser
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U567, Paris, France.
Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM U652, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
INSERM IFR02, Centre d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Intégrées, Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
INSERM U772, Collège de France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat–Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Billet S, Bardin S, Tacine R, Clauser E, Conchon S. The AT1A receptor "gain-of-function" mutant N111S/delta329 is both constitutively active and hyperreactive to angiotensin II. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 290:E840-8. [PMID: 16332920 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00458.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is central to cardiovascular and renal physiology. However, there is no animal model in which the activation of the RAAS only reflects the activation of the angiotensin II (ANG II) AT1 receptor. As a first step to developing such a model, we characterized a gain-of-function mutant of the mouse AT1A receptor. This mutant carries two mutations: N111S predicted to activate the receptor constitutively and a COOH-terminal deletion, delta329, expected to reduce receptor internalization and desensitization. We expressed this double mutant (AT1A-N111S/delta329) in heterologous cells. It showed a pharmacological profile consistent with that of other constitutively active mutants. Furthermore, it increased basal production of inositol phosphates, as well as basal cytosolic and nuclear ERK activities. Basal proliferation of cells expressing the mutant was also greater than that of the wild type. The double mutant was poorly internalized and failed to recruit beta-arrestin 2 in the presence of ANG II. It also showed hypersensitive and hyperreactive responses to ANG II for both inositol phosphate production and ERK activation. The additivity of the phenotypes of the two mutations makes this mutant an appropriate candidate to test the physiological consequences of the AT1A receptor activation itself in transgenic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Billet
- Institut Cochin, Département d'Endocrinologie, Paris, France
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Li C, Koga T, Li C, Jiang J, Sharma S, Narayanan S, Lurio LB, Hu X, Jiao X, Sinha SK, Billet S, Sosnowik D, Kim H, Sokolov JC, Rafailovich MH. Viscosity Measurements of Very Thin Polymer Films. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Samad TA, Moore KA, Sapirstein A, Billet S, Allchorne A, Poole S, Bonventre JV, Woolf CJ. Interleukin-1beta-mediated induction of Cox-2 in the CNS contributes to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. Nature 2001; 410:471-5. [PMID: 11260714 DOI: 10.1038/35068566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 931] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation causes the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), leading to the release of prostanoids, which sensitize peripheral nociceptor terminals and produce localized pain hypersensitivity. Peripheral inflammation also generates pain hypersensitivity in neighbouring uninjured tissue (secondary hyperalgesia), because of increased neuronal excitability in the spinal cord (central sensitization), and a syndrome comprising diffuse muscle and joint pain, fever, lethargy and anorexia. Here we show that Cox-2 may be involved in these central nervous system (CNS) responses, by finding a widespread induction of Cox-2 expression in spinal cord neurons and in other regions of the CNS, elevating prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. The major inducer of central Cox-2 upregulation is interleukin-1beta in the CNS, and as basal phospholipase A2 activity in the CNS does not change with peripheral inflammation, Cox-2 levels must regulate central prostanoid production. Intraspinal administration of an interleukin-converting enzyme or Cox-2 inhibitor decreases inflammation-induced central PGE2 levels and mechanical hyperalgesia. Thus, preventing central prostanoid production by inhibiting the interleukin-1beta-mediated induction of Cox-2 in neurons or by inhibiting central Cox-2 activity reduces centrally generated inflammatory pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Samad
- Department of Anatomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Abstract
The parabrachial region of the brainstem reticular formation projects to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and to the intermediate gray layer of the superior colliculus. We used the retrograde axonal transport of two fluorescent labels to demonstrate that individual parabrachial cells project to both structures. The results suggest that cholinergic cells of the parabrachial region may coordinate the relay of visuosensory information to the cortex with the onset of orienting movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Billet
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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