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Kim MJ, Cho SH, Seo Y, Kim SD, Park HC, Kim BJ. Neuro-Restorative Effect of Nimodipine and Calcitriol in 1-Methyl 4-Phenyl 1,2,3,6 Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Zebrafish Parkinson's Disease Model. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2024; 67:510-520. [PMID: 38130142 PMCID: PMC11375070 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2023.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The treatment of PD aims to alleviate motor symptoms by replacing the reduced endogenous dopamine. Currently, there are no disease-modifying agents for the treatment of PD. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as an effective tool for new drug discovery and screening in the age of translational research. The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is known to cause a similar loss of dopaminergic neurons in the human midbrain, with corresponding Parkinsonian symptoms. L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) have been implicated in the generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress, which underlies the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, we investigated the neuro-restorative effect of LTCC inhibition in an MPTP-induced zebrafish PD model and suggested a possible drug candidate that might modify the progression of PD. METHODS All experiments were conducted using a line of transgenic zebrafish, Tg(dat:EGFP), in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed in dopaminergic neurons. The experimental groups were exposed to 500 μmol MPTP from 1 to 3 days post fertilization (dpf). The drug candidates : levodopa 1 mmol, nifedipine 10 μmol, nimodipine 3.5 μmol, diethylstilbestrol 0.3 μmol, luteolin 100 μmol, and calcitriol 0.25 μmol were exposed from 3 to 5 dpf. Locomotor activity was assessed by automated tracking and dopaminergic neurons were visualized in vivo by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Levodopa, nimodipine, diethylstilbestrol, and calcitriol had significant positive effects on the restoration of motor behavior, which was damaged by MPTP. Nimodipine and calcitriol have significant positive effects on the restoration of dopaminergic neurons, which were reduced by MPTP. Through locomotor analysis and dopaminergic neuron quantification, we identified the neuro-restorative effects of nimodipine and calcitriol in zebrafish MPTP-induced PD model. CONCLUSION The present study identified the neuro-restorative effects of nimodipine and calcitriol in an MPTP-induced zebrafish model of PD. They restored dopaminergic neurons which were damaged due to the effects of MPTP and normalized the locomotor activity. LTCCs have potential pathological roles in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Zebrafish are highly amenable to high-throughput drug screening and might, therefore, be a useful tool to work towards the identification of diseasemodifying treatment for PD. Further studies including zebrafish genetic models to elucidate the mechanism of action of the diseasemodifying candidate by investigating Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons, are needed to reveal the pathogenesis of PD and develop disease-modifying treatments for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Ji Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Hee Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongbo Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Dae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kalejahi P, Kheirouri S, Noorazar SG. A randomized controlled trial of Vitamin D supplementation in Iranian patients with schizophrenia: Effects on serum levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and symptom severity. Int J Psychiatry Med 2023; 58:559-575. [PMID: 37545122 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231193303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has shown that hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for developing schizophrenia and comorbid conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum levels of vitamin D, metabolic factors related to insulin resistance (IR) and the severity of the disorder in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Forty-eight chronic male patients with schizophrenia with vitamin D deficiency (≤20 ng/mL= (≤50 nmol/l) were selected and randomly assigned to vitamin D treatment and placebo groups. Subjects were supplemented for 8 weeks with vitamin D (2000 IU/day) or placebo. RESULTS Within-group comparison revealed that the vitamin D group had a significant reduction in waist circumference, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - total score (PANSS-TS), and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) levels (P = .022, P = <.001 and P = .013, respectively). On the other hand, the placebo group showed a significant increase in the level of fasting serum insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = .003 and P = .003). The between-group comparison showed a significant difference in terms of PANSS-TS, GSK-3β, fasting serum insulin (FSI), and HOMA-IR (P = .022, P = .048, P = .013 and P = .014 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Among vitamin D deficient patients with schizophrenia, vitamin D supplementation may affect GSK-3 β, an important biomarker in schizophrenia and insulin resistance. In addition, vitamin D supplementation in such patients may reduce the disorder's symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Kalejahi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Cao T, Zhang S, Chen Q, Zeng C, Wang L, Jiao S, Chen H, Zhang B, Cai H. Long non-coding RNAs in schizophrenia: Genetic variations, treatment markers and potential targeted signaling pathways. Schizophr Res 2023; 260:12-22. [PMID: 37543007 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ), a complex and debilitating spectrum of psychiatric disorders, is now mainly attributed to multifactorial etiology that includes genetic and environmental factors. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are gaining popularity as a way to better understand the comprehensive mechanisms beneath the clinical manifestation of SZ. Only in recent years has it been elucidated that mammalian genomes encode thousands of lncRNAs. Strikingly, roughly 30-40% of these lncRNAs are extensively expressed in different regions across the brain, which may be closely associated with SZ. The therapeutic and adverse effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) are partially reflected by their role in the regulation of lncRNAs. This begs the question directly, do any lncRNAs exist as biomarkers for AAPDs treatment? Furthermore, we comprehend a range of mechanistic investigations that have revealed the regulatory roles for lncRNAs both involved in the brain and the periphery of SZ. More crucially, we also combine insights from a variety of signaling pathways to argue that lncRNAs probably play critical roles in SZ via their interactive downstream factors. This review provides a thorough understanding regarding dysregulation of lncRNAs, corresponding genetic alternations, as well as their potential regulatory roles in the pathology of SZ, which might help reveal useful therapeutic targets in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - ShuangYang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - CuiRong Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - LiWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - ShiMeng Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - BiKui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - HuaLin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Liu L, Wu Q, Li X, Song R, Wei N, Liu J, Yuan J, Yan S, Sun X, Liang Y, Li Y, Jin X, Wu Y, Mei L, Song J, Yi W, Pan R, Cheng J, Su H. Sunshine duration and risks of schizophrenia hospitalizations in main urban area: Do built environments modify the association? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162057. [PMID: 36758693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although studies have explored the relationship between sunshine duration and schizophrenia, the evidence was ambiguous. Different built environments may alter the effect of sunlight on schizophrenia, thus the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of built environments on the sunshine duration-schizophrenia association. MATERIALS AND METHODS Daily schizophrenia hospitalizations data during 2017-2020 in Hefei's main urban area, China, and corresponding meteorological factors as well as ambient pollutants were collected. The impact of sunshine duration on schizophrenia admissions in urban areas was investigated using a generalized additive model combined with a distributed lagged nonlinear model. Additionally, the various modifying effects of different Building Density, Building Height, Normalized Vegetation Index, and Nighttime Light were also explored between sunshine duration and schizophrenia. RESULTS We observed that inadequate sunshine duration (<5.3 h) was associated with an increase in schizophrenia hospital admissions, with a maximum relative risk of 1.382 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.069-1.786) at 2.9 h. In turn, adequate sunshine duration reduced the risk of schizophrenia hospitalizations. Subgroup analyses indicated females and old patients were particularly vulnerable. In the case of insufficient sunshine duration, significant positive effects were noticed on schizophrenia risk at High-Building Density and High-Nighttime Light. Higher NDVI as well as Building Height were found to be associated with lower risks of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Given that sunshine duration in various built environments might lead to distinct effects on schizophrenia hospitalizations. Our findings assist in identifying vulnerable populations that reside in particular areas, thus suggesting policymakers provide advice to mitigate the onset of schizophrenia by allocating healthcare resources rationally and avoiding adverse exposures to vulnerable populations timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuanxuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Rong Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jintao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jiajun Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoni Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yunfeng Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lu Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Lisakovska O, Labudzynskyi D, Khomenko A, Isaev D, Savotchenko A, Kasatkina L, Savosko S, Veliky M, Shymanskyi I. Brain vitamin D3-auto/paracrine system in relation to structural, neurophysiological, and behavioral disturbances associated with glucocorticoid-induced neurotoxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1133400. [PMID: 37020845 PMCID: PMC10067932 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1133400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionVitamin D3 (VD3) is a potent para/autocrine regulator and neurosteroid that can strongly influence nerve cell function and counteract the negative effects of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. The aim of the study was to reveal the relationship between VD3 status and behavioral, structural-functional and molecular changes associated with GC-induced neurotoxicity.MethodsFemale Wistar rats received synthetic GC prednisolone (5 mg/kg b.w.) with or without VD3 (1000 IU/kg b.w.) for 30 days. Behavioral, histological, physiological, biochemical, molecular biological (RT-PCR, Western blotting) methods, and ELISA were used.Results and discussionThere was no difference in open field test (OFT), while forced swim test (FST) showed an increase in immobility time and a decrease in active behavior in prednisolone-treated rats, indicative of depressive changes. GC increased the perikaryon area, enlarged the size of the nuclei, and caused a slight reduction of cell density in CA1-CA3 hippocampal sections. We established a GC-induced decrease in the long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1-CA3 hippocampal synapses, the amplitude of high K+-stimulated exocytosis, and the rate of Ca2+-dependent fusion of synaptic vesicles with synaptic plasma membranes. These changes were accompanied by an increase in nitration and poly(ADP)-ribosylation of cerebral proteins, suggesting the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress. Prednisolone upregulated the expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit at Ser311, whereas downregulating IκB. GC loading depleted the circulating pool of 25OHD3 in serum and CSF, elevated VDR mRNA and protein levels but had an inhibitory effect on CYP24A1 and VDBP expression. Vitamin D3 supplementation had an antidepressant-like effect, decreasing the immobility time and stimulating active behavior. VD3 caused a decrease in the size of the perikaryon and nucleus in CA1 hippocampal area. We found a recovery in depolarization-induced fusion of synaptic vesicles and long-term synaptic plasticity after VD3 treatment. VD3 diminished the intensity of oxidative-nitrosative stress, and suppressed the NF-κB activation. Its ameliorative effect on GC-induced neuroanatomical and behavioral abnormalities was accompanied by the 25OHD3 repletion and partial restoration of the VD3-auto/paracrine system.ConclusionGC-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral disturbances are associated with increased oxidative-nitrosative stress and impairments of VD3 metabolism. Thus, VD3 can be effective in preventing structural and functional abnormalities in the brain and behavior changes caused by long-term GC administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Lisakovska
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
- *Correspondence: Olha Lisakovska,
| | - Dmytro Labudzynskyi
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna Khomenko
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Isaev
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alina Savotchenko
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ludmila Kasatkina
- Research Laboratory for Young Scientists, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Serhii Savosko
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Veliky
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ihor Shymanskyi
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Helaly AMN, Ghorab DSED. Schizophrenia as metabolic disease. What are the causes? Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:795-804. [PMID: 36656396 PMCID: PMC9849842 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a devastating neurodevelopmental disease with an accelerated ageing feature. The criteria of metabolic disease firmly fit with those of schizophrenia. Disturbances in energy and mitochondria are at the core of complex pathology. Genetic and environmental interaction creates changes in redox, inflammation, and apoptosis. All the factors behind schizophrenia interact in a cycle where it is difficult to discriminate between the cause and the effect. New technology and advances in the multi-dispensary fields could break this cycle in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Nabil Helaly
- Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Doaa Shame El Din Ghorab
- Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Cui X, Eyles DW. Vitamin D and the Central Nervous System: Causative and Preventative Mechanisms in Brain Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204353. [PMID: 36297037 PMCID: PMC9610817 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty of the last one hundred years of vitamin D research have involved investigations of the brain as a target organ for this hormone. Our group was one of the first to investigate brain outcomes resulting from primarily restricting dietary vitamin D during brain development. With the advent of new molecular and neurochemical techniques in neuroscience, there has been increasing interest in the potential neuroprotective actions of vitamin D in response to a variety of adverse exposures and how this hormone could affect brain development and function. Rather than provide an exhaustive summary of this data and a listing of neurological or psychiatric conditions that vitamin D deficiency has been associated with, here, we provide an update on the actions of this vitamin in the brain and cellular processes vitamin D may be targeting in psychiatry and neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Cui
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol Q4076, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia Q4076, Australia
| | - Darryl W. Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol Q4076, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia Q4076, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Tsiglopoulos J, Pearson N, Mifsud N, Allott K, O'Donoghue B. The association between vitamin D and symptom domains in psychotic disorders: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2021; 237:79-92. [PMID: 34509104 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among people with psychosis and may play a role in the aetiology of psychotic disorders. However, its impact on clinical symptom severity has not been independently reviewed. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of randomized trials and observational studies that assessed the relationship between vitamin D and symptom domains (positive and negative psychotic symptoms, total and general psychopathology, cognitive and depressive) in people with a psychotic disorder. RESULTS 1040 articles were identified, of which 29 were eligible for inclusion: 26 observational studies and 3 randomized trials. Five studies included people with First-Episode Psychosis (FEP) and 24 included people with enduring psychosis. Most observational studies found that vitamin D was inversely associated with negative symptoms (57%; 13/23), positively associated with cognitive performance (63%; 5/8), and bore no association with positive symptoms (68%; 15/22), total psychopathology (64%; 7/11), general psychopathology (57%; 4/7) or depressive symptoms (64%; 9/14). Randomized controlled trials indicated that vitamin D supplementation improved cognitive performance (100%; 1/1) and, in some cases, reduced total psychopathology (50%; 1/2), general psychopathology (50%; 1/2) and negative symptoms (30%; 1/3), but had no effect on positive (100%; 3/3) or depressive (100%; 3/3) symptoms. Some positive associations were attenuated when controlled for potential confounders. CONCLUSION Low vitamin D was found to be inversely associated with more severe clinical symptoms in some, but not all symptom domains in people with psychosis. These preliminary findings warrant further exploration, particularly in regard to cognitive performance and negative symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Tsiglopoulos
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas Pearson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Mifsud
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brian O'Donoghue
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; St Vincents University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Eghtedarian R, Seyedi M, Pouresmaeili F, Arsang-Jang S, Taheri M. Upregulation of VDR-associated lncRNAs in Schizophrenia. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:239-245. [PMID: 34499334 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling has been found to contribute to the pathology of numerous neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. Notably, VDR signaling has a functional relationship with many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) such as SNHG6, LINC00346 and LINC00511. We calculated expression of these lncRNAs in the venous blood of patients with schizophrenia versus healthy individuals. Expression of SNHG6 was significantly higher in cases versus controls (posterior beta = 0.552, adjusted P value < 0.0001). This pattern of expression was detected in both men (posterior beta = 0.556, adjusted P value < 0.0001) and women (posterior beta = 0.31, adjusted P value = 0.005). Expression of LINC00346 was also higher in cases versus controls (posterior beta = 0.497, adjusted P value < 0.0001) and in distinct sex-based comparisons (posterior beta = 0.451, adjusted P value = 0.009 among men and posterior beta = 0.214, P value = 0.004 among women). Expression of LINC00511 was higher in cases versus controls (posterior beta = 0.318, adjusted P value = 0.01). While sex-based comparisons revealed significant difference in expression of LINC00511 among female subgroups (posterior beta = 0.424, adjusted P value = 0.016), such comparison showed no difference among male cases and male controls (adjusted P value = 0.295). The expression levels of SNHG6 distinguished patients with schizophrenia from controls, with AUC = 0.932. LINC00346 and LINC00511 distinguished between the two groups with AUC values of 0.795 and 0.706, respectively. Therefore, these lncRNAs might be used as markers for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Eghtedarian
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Seyedi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Abstract
It has been 20 years since we first proposed vitamin D as a "possible" neurosteroid.( 1 ) Our work over the last two decades, particularly results from our cellular and animal models, has confirmed the numerous ways in which vitamin D differentiates the developing brain. As a result, vitamin D can now confidently take its place among all other steroids known to regulate brain development.( 2 ) Others have concentrated on the possible neuroprotective functions of vitamin D in adult brains. Here these data are integrated, and possible mechanisms outlined for the various roles vitamin D appears to play in both developing and mature brains and how such actions shape behavior. There is now also good evidence linking gestational and/or neonatal vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, and adult vitamin D deficiency with certain degenerative conditions. In this mini-review, the focus is on what we have learned over these past 20 years regarding the genomic and nongenomic actions of vitamin D in shaping brain development, neurophysiology, and behavior in animal models. © 2020 The Author. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl Walter Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research The Park Centre for Mental Health Wacol Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
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11
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Zhu JL, Luo WW, Cheng X, Li Y, Zhang QZ, Peng WX. Vitamin D deficiency and Schizophrenia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Psychiatry Res 2020; 288:112959. [PMID: 32335466 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder in which there is an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Accumulating data show that there may be an association between vitamin D deficiency and schizophrenia. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between schizophrenia and blood vitamin D level. All published observational articles have been searched from five databases until September 2019. In total, 36 articles with a total of 12528 participants were included in this study. Patients with schizophrenia have significantly lower levels of vitamin D than controls. The subgroup analyses based on study design, hospitalization status, quality score, type of biomarker [25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3], and the country did not explain between-study heterogeneity; however, meta-regression on match factors indicted that match of BMI could account for some degree of heterogeneity. No significant differences in publication bias were observed. Also, subjects with schizophrenia were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency compared to controls. In conclusion, our analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is associated with schizophrenia. More well-designed randomized control trials are needed to determine whether this association is causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wen-Wen Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wen-Xing Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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12
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Oliveri AN, Glazer L, Mahapatra D, Kullman SW, Levin ED. Developmental exposure of zebrafish to vitamin D receptor acting drugs and environmental toxicants disrupts behavioral function. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 81:106902. [PMID: 32473203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling is important for optimal neurobehavioral development. Disruption of VDR signaling by environmental toxicants during early development might contribute to the etiology of behavioral dysfunction. In the current set of studies, we examined ten compounds known to affect VDR function in vitro for neurobehavioral effects in vivo in zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to concentrations of the compounds in their water during the first 5 days post-fertilization. On day 5, the embryos were tested in an alternating light-dark locomotor assay using a computerized video tracking system. We found that most of the compounds produced significant changes in locomotor behavior in exposed zebrafish larvae, although the direction of the effect (i.e., hypo- or hyperactivity) and the sensitivity of the effect to changes in illumination condition varied across the compounds. The nature of the behavioral effects generally corresponded to the effects these compounds have been shown to exert on VDR. These studies lay a foundation for further investigation to determine whether behavioral dysfunction persists into adulthood and if so which behavioral functions are affected. Zebrafish can be useful for screening compounds identified in high throughput in vitro assays to provide an initial test for how those compounds would affect construction and behavioral function of a complex nervous system, helping to bridge the gap between in vitro neurotoxicity assays and mammalian models for risk assessment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony N Oliveri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lilah Glazer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Debabrata Mahapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Edward D Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Robinson SL, Marín C, Oliveros H, Mora-Plazas M, Lozoff B, Villamor E. Vitamin D Deficiency in Middle Childhood Is Related to Behavior Problems in Adolescence. J Nutr 2020; 150:140-148. [PMID: 31429909 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with depression and schizophrenia in adults. The effect of VDD in childhood on behavioral development is unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the associations of VDD and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in middle childhood with behavior problems in adolescence. METHODS We quantified plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and DBP in 273 schoolchildren aged 5-12 y at recruitment into a cohort study in Bogota, Colombia. Externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were assessed after a median 6-y follow-up by parental report [Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)] and self-report [Youth Self-Report (YSR)]. We estimated mean problem score differences with 95% CIs between exposure categories using multivariable linear regression. We also compared the prevalence of clinical behavior problems (score >63) between exposure groups. We assessed whether the associations between DBP and behavior problems were mediated through VDD. RESULTS Mean ± SD CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores were 56.5 ± 9.3 and 53.2 ± 9.5, respectively. Internalizing problems scores averaged 57.1 ± 9.8 and 53.7 ± 9.8, respectively. VDD [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] prevalence was 10.3%. VDD was associated with an adjusted 6.0 (95% CI: 3.0, 9.0) and 3.4 (95% CI: 0.1, 6.6) units higher CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores, respectively, and an adjusted 3.6 (95% CI: 0.3, 6.9) units higher CBCL internalizing problems scores. The prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.1) times higher in children with VDD than that in children without VDD. DBP concentration below the population median was related to higher YSR aggressive behavior and anxious/depressed subscale scores and to higher prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems. The associations between DBP and behavior problems were not mediated through VDD. CONCLUSIONS VDD and low DBP in middle childhood are related to behavior problems in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Constanza Marín
- Department of Medicine, University of La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.,Foundation for Research in Nutrition and Health, FINUSAD, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Henry Oliveros
- Department of Medicine, University of La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | | | - Betsy Lozoff
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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14
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Norlin M. Effects of vitamin D in the nervous system: Special focus on interaction with steroid hormone signalling and a possible role in the treatment of brain cancer. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12799. [PMID: 31593305 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The active vitamin D hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 , exerts many physiological actions in the body, including effects on the nervous system. Studies of steroidogenesis in cells of the nervous system and elsewhere not only indicate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 affects steroidogenic pathways but also suggest varying responses in different cell types. For example, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates the expression of aromatase in human glioma but not in human neuroblastoma cells or rat astrocytes. However, in astrocytes, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and steroid 17-hydroxylase/lyase. Other studies indicate cross-talk between vitamin D signalling and signalling of oestrogens, progesterone or glucocorticoids. Reported data indicate synergistic effects of combinations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and other steroid hormones on neuroinflammation, neurite outgrowth and neuroprotection. Also, dysregulation of steroid pathways affecting brain cells is found in vitamin D deficiency. Thus, several studies suggest that active vitamin D may affect steroid hormone synthesis and/or signalling in the nervous system, although the potential mechanisms for these responses remain unclear. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses proliferation in several cell types and is therefore of interest in cancer treatment. Also, epidemiological studies associate vitamin D levels with cancer risk or outcomes. Reported data on tumours of the nervous system are mainly on glioma, a common type of brain cancer. Expression of the vitamin D receptor in glioma tumours is associated with improved survival. Several studies show that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and vitamin D analogues (synthetic vitamin D-like compounds) suppress proliferation and migration in human vitamin D receptor-expressing glioma cell lines. Studies on mechanisms for actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or its analogues indicate regulation of cell cycle proteins and senescence markers. These compounds also show synergism in combination with other cancer therapies treating glioma. From the data available, vitamin D analogues emerge as interesting candidates for the future improved treatment of human glioma and possibly also other cancers of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Norlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Fasihpour B, Moayeri H, Shariat M, Keihanidoust Z, Effatpanah M, Khedmat L. Vitamin D deficiency in school-age Iranian children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms: A critical comparison with healthy controls. Child Neuropsychol 2019; 26:460-474. [PMID: 31514566 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2019.1665638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The associations between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were assessed among Iranian hospitalized children (50 ADHD cases and 50 healthy (non-ADHD) controls) during 2014-2015. Levels of ADHD severity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) were determined by the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) test and an ELISA kit, respectively. The serum 25OHD concentrations of <10, 10-29, and >30 ng/mL were respectively considered as deficient (severe deficiency), insufficient (mild deficiency), and sufficient levels of vitamin D. The association of nutrient bioavailability with ADHD was evaluated by statistical and regression analyses.There was no significant difference in the mean of socio-demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, weight, BMI, daily intake of dairy products, and daily sunlight exposure) between ADHD and non-ADHD subjects. The mean serum 25OHD concentration (16.57 ± 9.09 ng/mL) was found to be significantly lower in ADHD children with more parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as compared to controls (22.01 ± 12.67ng/mL). The sufficient 25OHD concentration was more predominant in the controls than the cases (p = 0.002). A severe deficiency of vitamin D was more found in children with ADHD (3.36 times). There was a negative and significant association between the participants' age and their serum 25OHD levels. Although 25OHD levels in boys were significantly more than those in girls, the reduction of serum 25OHD concentration among boys with ADHD was more severe compared to the patient girls(p = 0.014). The results support the importance of vitamins D role in ADHD patients through the regular monitoring of serum 25OHD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Fasihpour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heshmat Moayeri
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrintaj Keihanidoust
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Effatpanah
- Department of Psychiatry, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khedmat
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Kotsi E, Kotsi E, Perrea DN. Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 11:221-232. [PMID: 30367389 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-018-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article was to assess the differences in serum 25(OH)D levels between children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls. We used the PubMed (1966-2017), Scopus (2004-2017), ClinicalTrials.gov (2008-2017), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL (2000-2017), and Google Scholar (2004-2017) databases. Statistical meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Εight studies were finally included in the present meta-analysis with a total number of 11,324 children. Among them, 2655 were diagnosed with ADHD, while the remaining 8669 were recruited as healthy controls. All eight trials reported significantly lower serum concentrations of 25(OH)D in patients diagnosed with ADHD compared to healthy controls. The pooled data showed that there was a significant difference between the ADHD group and the control group (SMD = - 0.73, 95% CI [- 1.00, - 0.46]). The systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrated an inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and young patients with ADHD. Large cohort studies are required to investigate whether vitamin D-deficient infants are more likely to develop ADHD in the future. Also, whether children with ADHD should be supplemented with higher doses of vitamin D3 remains to be confirmed through long-term controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Kotsi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elisavet Kotsi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Khan A, Powell SB. Sensorimotor gating deficits in "two-hit" models of schizophrenia risk factors. Schizophr Res 2018; 198:68-83. [PMID: 29070440 PMCID: PMC5911431 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental models of neuropsychiatric disease have grown exponentially over the last 20years. One measure that is often used to evaluate the translational relevance of these models to human neuropsychiatric disease is prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI), an operational measure of sensorimotor gating. Deficient PPI characterizes several neuropsychiatric disorders but has been most extensively studied in schizophrenia. It has become a useful tool in translational neuropharmacological and molecular genetics studies because it can be measured across species using almost the same experimental parameters. Although initial studies of PPI in rodents were pharmacological because of the robust predictive validity of PPI for antipsychotic efficacy, more recently, PPI has become standard common behavioral measures used in genetic and neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia. Here we review "two hit" models of schizophrenia and discuss the utility of PPI as a tool in phenotyping these models of relevant risk factors. In the review, we consider approaches to rodent models of genetic and neurodevelopmental risk factors and selectively review "two hit" models of gene×environment and environment×environment interactions in which PPI has been measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Susan B Powell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, United States.
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18
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Luan W, Hammond LA, Vuillermot S, Meyer U, Eyles DW. Maternal Vitamin D Prevents Abnormal Dopaminergic Development and Function in a Mouse Model of Prenatal Immune Activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9741. [PMID: 29950608 PMCID: PMC6021387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in dopamine (DA) systems is a prominent feature in schizophrenia patients and may result from the abnormal development of mesencephalic (mes)DA systems. Maternal immune activation (MIA) and developmental vitamin D (DVD)-deficiency both induce schizophrenia-relevant dopaminergic abnormalities in adult offspring. In this study, we investigated whether maternal administration of the vitamin D hormone (1,25OHD, VITD) could prevent MIA-induced abnormalities in DA-related behaviors and mesDA development. We administrated the viral mimetic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic (poly (I:C)) simultaneously with 1,25OHD and/or their vehicles, to pregnant mouse dams at gestational day 9. Maternal treatment with VITD prevented MIA-induced hypersensitivity to acute DA stimulation induced by amphetamine, whereas it failed to block prepulse inhibition deficiency in MIA-exposed offspring. MIA and VITD both reduced fetal mesDA progenitor (Lmx1a + Sox2+) cells, while VITD treatment increased the number of mature (Nurr1 + TH+) mesDA neurons. Single-cell quantification of protein expression showed that VITD treatment increased the expression of Lmx1a, Nurr1 and TH in individual mesDA cells and restored normal mesDA positioning. Our data demonstrate that VITD prevents abnormal dopaminergic phenotypes in MIA offspring possibly via its early neuroprotective actions on fetal mesDA neurons. Maternal supplementation with the dietary form of vitamin D, cholecalciferol may become a valuable strategy for the prevention of MIA-induced neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luan
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Centre Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darryl Walter Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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19
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Schiavone S, Trabace L. The use of antioxidant compounds in the treatment of first psychotic episode: Highlights from preclinical studies. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018. [PMID: 29542255 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence highlighted a pathogenetic link between redox dysregulation and the early stages of psychosis. Indeed, an increasing number of studies have pointed toward an association between oxidative stress, both at central and peripheral levels, and first psychotic episode. Moreover, basal low antioxidant capacity has been shown to directly correlate with cognitive impairment in the early onset of psychosis. In this context, the possibility to use antioxidant compounds in first psychotic episode, especially as supplementation to antipsychotic therapy, has become the focus of numerous investigations on rodents with the aim to translate data on the possible effects of antioxidant therapies to large populations of patients, with a diagnosis of the first psychotic episode. In this review, we will discuss studies, published from January 1st, 2007 to July 31st, 2017, investigating the effects of antioxidant compounds on neuropathological alterations observed in different rodent models characterized by a cluster of psychotic-like symptoms reminiscent of what observed in human first psychotic episode. A final focus on the effective possibility to directly translate data obtained on rodents to humans will be also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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20
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Lerner PP, Sharony L, Miodownik C. Association between mental disorders, cognitive disturbances and vitamin D serum level: Current state. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 23:89-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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21
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Belenchia AM, Johnson SA, Kieschnick AC, Rosenfeld CS, Peterson CA. Time Course of Vitamin D Depletion and Repletion in Reproductive-age Female C57BL/6 Mice. Comp Med 2017; 67:483-490. [PMID: 29212579 PMCID: PMC5713162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of animal models in vitamin D deficiency (VDD) research, particularly in regard to maternal deficits, has increased dramatically, yet these studies may be confounded due to ill-conceived experimental timelines. We conducted 2 experiments to (1) characterize the time course of VDD induction and repletion and (2) explore the long-term consequences of VDD on calcium homeostasis and body composition in reproductive-age female mice. Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were randomized to receive either a vitamin D sufficient (VDS) or VDD diet; serum was collected weekly. At week 4, VDD mice were switched to VDS diet, and serum was collected weekly until week 8. Another group of same-age female mice was maintained on VDD diet for 40 wk. Body weights and serum were collected every 2 wk until week 40, when body composition was measured by using echoMRI. Mice did not become VDD until week 3 of the VDD diet and, after decreasing slightly at 4 wk, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D remained unchanged through 40 wk. Vitamin D repletion to 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations considered adequate by the Institute of Medicine took 2 to 3 wk. Prolonged VDD in mice was marked by hypocalcemia and hyperparathyroidism and led to proportional decreases in both lean and fat mass. These data provide guidance in the design of studies using mice as a maternal VDD model, especially those exploring its effects on the developmental origins of health and disease and highlight the importance of monitoring and controlling the calciotropic effects of diet-induced VDD. This study also shows that prolonged VDD in reproductive-age female C57BL/6 mice induces metabolically meaningful changes in absolute, but not relative, body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Belenchia
- Departments of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Alyssa C Kieschnick
- Departments of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Cheryl S Rosenfeld
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Catherine A Peterson
- Departments of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri;,
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22
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Berridge MJ. Vitamin D deficiency: infertility and neurodevelopmental diseases (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and schizophrenia). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C135-C151. [PMID: 29070492 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00188.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The process of development depends on a number of signaling systems that regulates the progressive sequence of developmental events. Infertility and neurodevelopmental diseases, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia, are caused by specific alterations in these signaling processes. Calcium signaling plays a prominent role throughout development beginning at fertilization and continuing through early development, implantation, and organ differentiation such as heart and brain development. Vitamin D plays a major role in regulating these signaling processes that control development. There is an increase in infertility and an onset of neurodevelopmental diseases when vitamin D is deficient. The way in which vitamin D deficiency acts to alter development is a major feature of this review. One of the primary functions of vitamin D is to maintain the phenotypic stability of both the Ca2+ and redox signaling pathways that play such a key role throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Berridge
- Laboratory of Molecular Signalling, The Babraham Institute , Cambridge , United Kingdom
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23
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Abstract
Vitamins and minerals have essential functions in the body, from signal transduction to acting as cofactors for numerous enzymatic processes. Nutritional deficiencies and excess of certain vitamins and minerals can have profound effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems from early development into adulthood. This article summarizes the role of various nutritional factors in the nervous system and the neurological symptoms that can arise from deficiency or excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Polavarapu
- From the Section of Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Phiadelphia, PA
| | - Daphne Hasbani
- From the Section of Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Phiadelphia, PA.
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24
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Holmes A. The developmental origins of complex behavior and neuropsychiatric disease. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 15:5-6. [PMID: 26764602 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Maternal immune activation produces neonatal excitability defects in offspring hippocampal neurons from pregnant rats treated with poly I:C. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19106. [PMID: 26742695 PMCID: PMC4705483 DOI: 10.1038/srep19106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) resulting from prenatal exposure to infectious pathogens or inflammatory stimuli is increasingly recognized to play an important etiological role in neuropsychiatric disorders with neurodevelopmental features. MIA in pregnant rodents induced by injection of the synthetic double-stranded RNA, Poly I:C, a mimic of viral infection, leads to a wide spectrum of behavioral abnormalities as well as structural and functional defects in the brain. Previous MIA studies using poly I:C prenatal treatment suggested that neurophysiological alterations occur in the hippocampus. However, these investigations used only juvenile or adult animals. We postulated that MIA-induced alterations could occur earlier at neonatal/early postnatal stages. Here we examined the neurophysiological properties of cultured pyramidal-like hippocampal neurons prepared from neonatal (P0-P2) offspring of pregnant rats injected with poly I:C. Offspring neurons from poly I:C-treated mothers exhibited significantly lower intrinsic excitability and stronger spike frequency adaptation, compared to saline. A similar lower intrinsic excitability was observed in CA1 pyramidal neurons from hippocampal slices of two weeks-old poly I:C offspring. Cultured hippocampal neurons also displayed lower frequency of spontaneous firing, higher charge transfer of IPSCs and larger amplitude of miniature IPSCs. Thus, maternal immune activation leads to strikingly early neurophysiological abnormalities in hippocampal neurons.
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