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Koryakov DE. Diversity and functional specialization of H3K9-specific histone methyltransferases. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300163. [PMID: 38058121 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Histone modifications play a critical role in the control over activities of the eukaryotic genome; among these chemical alterations, the methylation of lysine K9 in histone H3 (H3K9) is one of the most extensively studied. The number of enzymes capable of methylating H3K9 varies greatly across different organisms: in fission yeast, only one such methyltransferase is present, whereas in mammals, 10 are known. If there are several such enzymes, each of them must have some specific function, and they can interact with one another. Thus arises a complex system of interchangeability, "division of labor," and contacts with each other and with diverse proteins. Histone methyltransferases specialize in the number of methyl groups that they attach and have different intracellular localizations as well as different distributions on chromosomes. Each also shows distinct binding to different types of sequences and has a specific set of nonhistone substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry E Koryakov
- Lab of Molecular Cytogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Koshy A, Mathieux E, Stüder F, Bramoulle A, Lieb M, Colombo BM, Gronemeyer H, Mendoza-Parra MA. Synergistic activation of RARβ and RARγ nuclear receptors restores cell specialization during stem cell differentiation by hijacking RARα-controlled programs. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/2/e202201627. [PMID: 36446525 PMCID: PMC9711859 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
How cells respond to different external cues to develop along defined cell lineages to form complex tissues is a major question in systems biology. Here, we investigated the potential of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-selective synthetic agonists to activate the gene regulatory programs driving cell specialization during nervous tissue formation from embryonic carcinoma (P19) and mouse embryonic (E14) stem cells. Specifically, we found that the synergistic activation of the RARβ and RARγ by selective ligands (BMS641 or BMS961) induces cell maturation to specialized neuronal subtypes, and to astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursors. Using RAR isotype knockout lines exposed to RAR-specific agonists, interrogated by global transcriptome landscaping and in silico modeling of transcription regulatory signal propagation, revealed major RARα-driven gene programs essential for optimal neuronal cell specialization and hijacked by the synergistic activation of the RARβ and RARγ receptors. Overall, this study provides a systems biology view of the gene programs accounting for the previously observed redundancy between RARs, paving the way toward their potential use for directing cell specialization during nervous tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysis Koshy
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Elodie Mathieux
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - François Stüder
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Aude Bramoulle
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Michele Lieb
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno Maria Colombo
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Hinrich Gronemeyer
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Marco Antonio Mendoza-Parra
- UMR 8030 Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry-val-d'Essonne, University Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
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Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors). Cells 2020; 9:cells9122603. [PMID: 33291744 PMCID: PMC7761934 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience.
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Cypris O, Eipel M, Franzen J, Rösseler C, Tharmapalan V, Kuo CC, Vieri M, Nikolić M, Kirschner M, Brümmendorf TH, Zenke M, Lampert A, Beier F, Wagner W. PRDM8 reveals aberrant DNA methylation in aging syndromes and is relevant for hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:125. [PMID: 32819411 PMCID: PMC7439574 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) and idiopathic aplastic anemia (AA) are bone marrow failure syndromes that share characteristics of premature aging with severe telomere attrition. Aging is also reflected by DNA methylation changes, which can be utilized to predict donor age. There is evidence that such epigenetic age predictions are accelerated in premature aging syndromes, but it is yet unclear how this is related to telomere length. DNA methylation analysis may support diagnosis of DKC and AA, which still remains a challenge for these rare diseases. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed blood samples of 70 AA and 18 DKC patients to demonstrate that their epigenetic age predictions are overall increased, albeit not directly correlated with telomere length. Aberrant DNA methylation was observed in the gene PRDM8 in DKC and AA as well as in other diseases with premature aging phenotype, such as Down syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford-Progeria syndrome. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns were particularly found within subsets of cell populations in DKC and AA samples as measured with barcoded bisulfite amplicon sequencing (BBA-seq). To gain insight into the functional relevance of PRDM8, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with heterozygous and homozygous knockout. Loss of PRDM8 impaired hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation of iPSCs, even in the heterozygous knockout clone, but it did not impact on epigenetic age. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results demonstrate that epigenetic aging is accelerated in DKC and AA, independent from telomere attrition. Furthermore, aberrant DNA methylation in PRDM8 provides another biomarker for bone marrow failure syndromes and modulation of this gene in cellular subsets may be related to the hematopoietic and neuronal phenotypes observed in premature aging syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Cypris
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Monika Eipel
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Corinna Rösseler
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vithurithra Tharmapalan
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Chao-Chung Kuo
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Margherita Vieri
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miloš Nikolić
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Kirschner
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H. Brümmendorf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering – Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Beier
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering – Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
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Bonnet U, Wiemann M. Topiramate Decelerates Bicarbonate-Driven Acid-Elimination of Human Neocortical Neurons: Strategic Significance for its Antiepileptic, Antimigraine and Neuroprotective Properties. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 19:264-275. [PMID: 32496992 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200604173208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian central neurons regulate their intracellular pH (pHi) strongly and even slight pHi-fluctuations can influence inter-/intracellular signaling, synaptic plasticity and excitability. OBJECTIVE For the first time, we investigated topiramate´s (TPM) influence on pHi-behavior of human central neurons representing a promising target for anticonvulsants and antimigraine drugs. METHODS In slice-preparations of tissue resected from the middle temporal gyrus of five adults with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, BCECF-AM-loaded neocortical pyramidal-cells were investigated by fluorometry. The pHi-regulation was estimated by using the recovery-slope from intracellular acidification after an Ammonium-Prepulse (APP). RESULTS Among 17 pyramidal neurons exposed to 50 μM TPM, seven (41.24%) responded with an altered resting-pHi (7.02±0.12), i.e., acidification of 0.01-0.03 pH-units. The more alkaline the neurons, the greater the TPM-related acidifications (r=0.7, p=0.001, n=17). The recovery from APPacidification was significantly slowed under TPM (p<0.001, n=5). Further experiments using nominal bicarbonate-free (n=2) and chloride-free (n=2) conditions pointed to a modulation of the HCO3 -- driven pHi-regulation by TPM, favoring a stimulation of the passive Cl-/HCO3 --antiporter (CBT) - an acid-loader predominantly in more alkaline neurons. CONCLUSION TPM modulated the bicarbonate-driven pHi-regulation, just as previously described in adult guinea-pig hippocampal neurons. We discussed the significance of the resulting subtle acidifications for beneficial antiepileptic, antimigraine and neuroprotective effects as well as for unwanted cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Bonnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University Duisburg-Essen, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Wiemann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,IBE R&D gGmbH, Institute for Lung Health, D-48149 Munster, Germany
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Takashima S, Watanabe C, Ema M, Mizutani KI. Interaction of the nervous system and vascular system is required for the proper assembly of the neocortex. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bonnet U, Bingmann D, Speckmann EJ, Wiemann M. Levetiracetam mediates subtle pH-shifts in adult human neocortical pyramidal cells via an inhibition of the bicarbonate-driven neuronal pH-regulation - Implications for excitability and plasticity modulation. Brain Res 2019; 1710:146-156. [PMID: 30590026 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular pH (pHi) of mammalian central neurons is tightly regulated and small pHi-fluctuations can fine-tune inter-/intracellular signaling, excitability, and synaptic plasticity. The research-gap about the pHi-regulation of human brain neurons is addressed here by testing possible influences of the anticonvulsant levetiracetam (LEV). BCECF-AM-loaded neocortical pyramidal cells were fluorometrically investigated in slice-preparations of tissue resected from the middle temporal gyrus of five adults with intractable temporal-lobe epilepsy. Recovery-slope from intracellular acidification following an ammonium prepulse (APP) was used to measure the pHi-regulation. Among twenty pyramidal cells exposed to 50 μM LEV, the resting pHi (7.09 ± 0.14) was lowered in eight (40%) neurons, on average by 0.02 ± 0.011 pH-units. In three (15%) and nine (45%) neurons, a minimal alkaline shift (0.017 ± 0.004 pH-units) and no pHi-shift occurred, respectively. The LEV-induced pHi-shifts were positively correlated with the resting pHi (r = 0.6, p = 0.006, n = 20). In five neurons, which all had responded on LEV with an acidification before, the recovery from APP-acidification was significantly delayed during LEV (p < 0.001). This inhibitory LEV-effect on pHi-regulation i) was similar to that of 200 μM 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (n = 2) and ii) did not occur under nominal bicarbonate-free conditions (n = 2). Thus, LEV lowered the pHi of human neocortical pyramidal cells most likely by a weakening of the transmembrane HCO3(-)-mediated acid-extrusion. This might contribute to LEV's anticonvulsive potency. Neurons with more acidic resting pHi-values showed a minimal alkalization upon LEV providing a mechanism for paradoxical proconvulsive LEV-effects rarely observed in epilepsy patients. The significance of these subtle pHi-shifts for cortical excitability and plasticity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Bonnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University Duisburg-Essen, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Dieter Bingmann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Wiemann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IBE R&D gGmbH, Institute for Lung Health, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Neidhart M, Pajak A, Laskari K, Riksen NP, Joosten LAB, Netea MG, Lutgens E, Stroes ESG, Ciurea A, Distler O, Grigorian M, Karouzakis E. Oligomeric S100A4 Is Associated With Monocyte Innate Immune Memory and Bypass of Tolerance to Subsequent Stimulation With Lipopolysaccharides. Front Immunol 2019; 10:791. [PMID: 31037071 PMCID: PMC6476283 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Most DAMPs in inflammatory diseases are TLR2- and TLR4-ligands and according to the current concept, repeated stimuli would result in tolerance. Aims of the study were to verify this assumption, to investigate whether epigenetic effectors are involved and to explore the situation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A trained immunity (TI) and tolerance protocol was established using peripheral blood monocytes from healthy donors, β-glucan and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The training or tolerance capacities of RA-relevant DAMPs were tested. Results: β-Glucan-, oS100A4-, HMBG1-, and HSP90-pretreated monocytes showed increased IL-6 responses to LPS re-stimulation. β-Glucan, oS100A and tenascin C induced training of monocytes to release more TNFα. In comparison to β-glucan, most DAMPs tested induced less TI, with exception of oS100A4. Monocytes exposed to oS100A4 showed increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα in response to LPS, in spite that both stimulate TLR4. RNASEq upon β-glucan or oS100A4 revealed similar changes in chemokines/cytokines and epigenetic effectors; 17 epigenetic effectors correlated with chemokine/cytokine gene expression; PRDM8 was associated with more chemokine and cytokine transcripts. Knockdown of PRDM8 abolished TI induced by oS100A4. In RA, plasma S100A4 correlated with increased CSF2, and increased PRDM8 transcription in RA monocytes was associated with increased plasma CCL5 and IL-6, as well as therapy-resistance. Conclusion: Bypass of tolerance by DAMPs might be a phenomenon as important as TI, since it could explain how chronic inflammation can be maintained in spite of an environment with multiple TLR2/TLR4-ligands. In RA monocytes, a PRDM8-dependent TI mechanism could be responsible for sustained chemokine/cytokines levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Neidhart
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Pajak
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katerina Laskari
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.,Department for Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Science Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eric S G Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Adrian Ciurea
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariam Grigorian
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Center of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emmanuel Karouzakis
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Chen Z, Gao W, Pu L, Zhang L, Han G, Zuo X, Zhang Y, Li X, Shen H, Wu J, Wang X. PRDM8 exhibits antitumor activities toward hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting NAP1L1. Hepatology 2018; 68:994-1009. [PMID: 29572888 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain containing 8 (PRDM8) is a key regulator in neural development and testis steroidogenesis; however, its role in liver carcinogenesis remains to be investigated. In this study, PRDM8 was found to be down-regulated in HCC, which was linked with shorter recurrence-free survival. Lentiviral-based overexpression and knockdown approaches showed that PRDM8 inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. PRDM8 caused G1/S cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. An in vivo tumor model confirmed the antitumor role of PRDM8 in HCC growth and metastasis. Mechanistic study showed that PRDM8 suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade through the regulation of nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 (NAP1L1). Conclusion: PRDM8 as a functional tumor suppressor is frequently down-regulated in HCC. Through regulating NAP1L1, PRDM8 inhibits PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in HCC. PRDM8 is a potential target for therapies of HCC. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyong Pu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyong Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueliang Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangcheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jindao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory on Living Donor Liver Transplantation, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing, China
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10
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Bhat S, Ganesh S. New discoveries in progressive myoclonus epilepsies: a clinical outlook. Expert Rev Neurother 2018; 18:649-667. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1503949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bhat
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Subramaniam Ganesh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
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12
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Ganapathi M, Boles NC, Charniga C, Lotz S, Campbell M, Temple S, Morse RH. Effect of Bmi1 over-expression on gene expression in adult and embryonic murine neural stem cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7464. [PMID: 29749381 PMCID: PMC5945652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of isolated neural stem cells (NSCs) to proliferate as neurospheres is indicative of their competence as stem cells, and depends critically on the polycomb group (PcG) member Bmi1: knockdown of Bmi1 results in defective proliferation and self-renewal of isolated NSCs, whereas overexpression of Bmi1 enhances these properties. Here we report genome-wide changes in gene expression in embryonic and adult NSCs (eNSCs and aNSCs) caused by overexpression of Bmi1. We find that genes whose expression is altered by perturbations in Bmi1 levels in NSCs are mostly distinct from those affected in other multipotent stem/progenitor cells, such as those from liver and lung, aside from a small core of common targets that is enriched for genes associated with cell migration and mobility. We also show that genes differing in expression between prospectively isolated quiescent and activated NSCs are not affected by Bmi1 overexpression. In contrast, a comparison of genes showing altered expression upon Bmi1 overexpression in eNSCs and in aNSCs reveals considerable overlap, in spite of their different provenances in the brain and their differing developmental programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythily Ganapathi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Steven Lotz
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Randall H Morse
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Science, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USA.
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Bonnet U, Bingmann D, Speckmann EJ, Wiemann M. Small intraneuronal acidification via short-chain monocarboxylates: First evidence of an inhibitory action on over-excited human neocortical neurons. Life Sci 2018; 204:65-70. [PMID: 29730171 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In cortical mammalian neurons, small fluctuations of intracellular pH (pHi) play a crucial role for inter- and intracellular signaling as well as for cellular and synaptic plasticity. Yet, there have been no respective data about humans. Thus, we investigated the interrelation of pHi and excitability of human cortical neurons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intracellular electrophysiological and pH-recordings were made in neurons in slices taken from brain tissue resected from the middle temporal gyrus of two male children (26 months and 35 months old) who suffered from pharmacotherapy-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. To excite the tissue (n = 13), we used the 0-Mg2+/high-K+-in vitro epilepsy model producing robust epileptiform discharges (ED). To evoke an intracellular acidification (n = 12), we used the well-established propionate-model and applied 10 mM propionate to the bath solutions. In addition, we recorded the effects of other strongly related short-chain monocarboxylates (l-lactate (10 mM) and the ketone body DL-β-hydroxybutyrate (10 mM)) on ED and pHi. KEY FINDINGS The ED-frequency was reversibly reduced by propionate (n = 5), l-lactate (n = 5), or DL-β-hydroxybutyrate (n = 3), while the durations of EDs and their after-depolarizations increased. In parallel experiments, all three short-chain monocarboxylates (each n = 4) lowered the pHi of the neurons (n = 12) by 0.05-0.07 pH units which was temporally related to the reported changes in bioelectric activity. SIGNIFICANCE A mild drop of the intraneuronal pH was associated with the control of even over-excited human neocortical tissue. This is identical with prior observations in non-human mammalian cortical neurons. Possible implications for neuroplasticity and the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Bonnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University Duisburg-Essen, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Dieter Bingmann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Wiemann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IBE R&D gGmbH, Institute for Lung Health, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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14
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Analysis of Association of Genetic Markers in the LUZP2 and FBXO40 Genes with the Normal Variability in Cognitive Performance in the Elderly. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 2018:2686045. [PMID: 29850221 PMCID: PMC5933020 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2686045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive performance is an important endophenotype for various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric traits. In the present study two genetic variants in the leucine-zipper protein (LUZP2) and the F-box 40 protein (FBXO40) genes, previously reported to be genome-wide significant for Alzheimer's diseases and schizophrenia, were examined for an association with cognitive abilities in normal elderly from the Russian population. Rs1021261 in the LUZP2 and rs3772130 in the FBXO40 were genotyped by multiplex PCR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in a sample of 708 normal elderly subjects tested for cognitive performance using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Association of genetic variability with the MoCA scores was estimated by parametric and nonparametric analysis of variance and by the frequency comparison between upper and lower quartiles of MoCA distribution. Significantly higher frequency of "TT" genotype of rs1021261 in the LUZP2 gene as well as "A" allele and "AA" genotype of rs3772130 in the FBXO40 gene was found in a subsample of individuals with the MoCA score less than 20 comparing to the fourth quartile's subsample (MoCA > 25). The data of the present study suggests that genetic variability in the LUZP2 and FBXO40 loci associated with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases is also contributed to the normal variability in cognitive performance in the elderly.
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15
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A Prdm8 target gene Ebf3 regulates multipolar-to-bipolar transition in migrating neocortical cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:388-394. [PMID: 29113800 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of neuronal migration is essential for the development of the neocortex. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal migration remain largely unknown. Here we identified helix-loop-helix transcription factor Ebf3 as a Prdm8 target gene, and found that Ebf3 is a key regulator of neuronal migration via multipolar-to-bipolar transition. Ebf3 knockdown cells exhibited severe defects in the formation of leading processes and an inhibited shift to the locomotion mode. Moreover, we found that Ebf3 knockdown represses NeuroD1 transcription, and NeuroD1 overexpression partially rescued migration defects in Ebf3 knockdown cells. Our findings highlight the critical role of Ebf3 in multipolar-to-bipolar transition via positive feedback regulation of NeuroD1 in the developing neocortex.
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Inoue M, Iwai R, Tabata H, Konno D, Komabayashi-Suzuki M, Watanabe C, Iwanari H, Mochizuki Y, Hamakubo T, Matsuzaki F, Nagata KI, Mizutani KI. Prdm16 is crucial for progression of the multipolar phase during neural differentiation of the developing neocortex. Development 2016; 144:385-399. [PMID: 27993981 DOI: 10.1242/dev.136382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The precise control of neuronal migration and morphological changes during differentiation is essential for neocortical development. We hypothesized that the transition of progenitors through progressive stages of differentiation involves dynamic changes in levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), depending on cell requirements. We found that progenitors had higher levels of mtROS, but that these levels were significantly decreased with differentiation. The Prdm16 gene was identified as a candidate modulator of mtROS using microarray analysis, and was specifically expressed by progenitors in the ventricular zone. However, Prdm16 expression declined during the transition into NeuroD1-positive multipolar cells. Subsequently, repression of Prdm16 expression by NeuroD1 on the periphery of ventricular zone was crucial for appropriate progression of the multipolar phase and was required for normal cellular development. Furthermore, time-lapse imaging experiments revealed abnormal migration and morphological changes in Prdm16-overexpressing and -knockdown cells. Reporter assays and mtROS determinations demonstrated that PGC1α is a major downstream effector of Prdm16 and NeuroD1, and is required for regulation of the multipolar phase and characteristic modes of migration. Taken together, these data suggest that Prdm16 plays an important role in dynamic cellular redox changes in developing neocortex during neural differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Inoue
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6190225, Japan
| | - Ryota Iwai
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6190225, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tabata
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Kasugai, Aichi 4800392, Japan
| | - Daijiro Konno
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN Kobe Institute, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Mariko Komabayashi-Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6190225, Japan
| | - Chisato Watanabe
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6190225, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iwanari
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538904, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mochizuki
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538904, Japan
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538904, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN Kobe Institute, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichi Nagata
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Kasugai, Aichi 4800392, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Mizutani
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6190225, Japan .,PRESTO "Development and Function of Neural Networks", Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 3320012, Japan
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17
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Takeuchi M, Yamaguchi S, Sakakibara Y, Hayashi T, Matsuda K, Hara Y, Tanegashima C, Shimizu T, Kuraku S, Hibi M. Gene expression profiling of granule cells and Purkinje cells in the zebrafish cerebellum. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:1558-1585. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Organogenesis and Organ Function, Bioscience and Biotechnology; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8601 Japan
| | - Shingo Yamaguchi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sakakibara
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Takuto Hayashi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Koji Matsuda
- Laboratory of Organogenesis and Organ Function, Bioscience and Biotechnology; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8601 Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hara
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Chiharu Tanegashima
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- Laboratory of Organogenesis and Organ Function, Bioscience and Biotechnology; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8601 Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Masahiko Hibi
- Laboratory of Organogenesis and Organ Function, Bioscience and Biotechnology; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8601 Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
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18
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Chi J, Cohen P. The Multifaceted Roles of PRDM16: Adipose Biology and Beyond. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:11-23. [PMID: 26688472 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The PRDM [PRDI-BFI (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) homologous domain containing] protein family is involved in a spectrum of biological processes including cell fate determination and development. These proteins regulate transcription through intrinsic chromatin-modifying activity or by complexing with histone-modifying or other nuclear proteins. Studies have indicated crucial roles for PRDM16 in the determination and function of brown and beige fat as well as in hematopoiesis and cardiac development, highlighting the importance of PRDM16 in developmental processes in different tissues. More recently, PRDM16 mutations were also identified in humans. The substantial progress in understanding the mechanism underlying the action of PRDM16 in adipose biology may have relevance to other PRDM family members, and this new knowledge has the potential to be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Chi
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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