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Wang B, Luan J, Zhao W, Yu J, Li A, Li X, Zhong X, Cao H, Wang R, Liu B, Lu S, Shi M. Comprehensive multiomics analysis of the signatures of gastric mucosal bacteria and plasma metabolites across different stomach microhabitats in the development of gastric cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00965-3. [PMID: 38963518 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As an important component of the microenvironment, the gastric microbiota and its metabolites are associated with tumour occurrence, progression, and metastasis. However, the relationship between the gastric microbiota and the development of gastric cancer is unclear. The present study investigated the role of the gastric mucosa microbiome and metabolites as aetiological factors in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS Gastric biopsies from different stomach microhabitats (n = 70) were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and blood samples (n = 95) were subjected to untargeted metabolome (gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry, GC‒MS) analyses. The datasets were analysed using various bioinformatics approaches. RESULTS The microbiota diversity and community composition markedly changed during gastric carcinogenesis. High Helicobacter. pylori colonization modified the overall diversity and composition of the microbiota associated with gastritis and cancer in the stomach. Most importantly, analysis of the functional features of the microbiota revealed that nitrate reductase genes were significantly enriched in the tumoral microbiota, while urease-producing genes were significantly enriched in the microbiota of H. pylori-positive patients. A panel of 81 metabolites was constructed to discriminate gastric cancer patients from gastritis patients, and a panel of 15 metabolites was constructed to discriminate H. pylori-positive patients from H. pylori-negative patients. receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified a series of gastric microbes and plasma metabolites as potential biomarkers of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION The present study identified a series of signatures that may play important roles in gastric carcinogenesis and have the potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and for the surveillance of gastric cancer patients with minimal invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Jiahui Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of gastroenterology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Junbao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Anqing Li
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of gastroenterology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of gastroenterology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of gastroenterology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Hongyun Cao
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Ruicai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, 255400, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Shiyong Lu
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China
| | - Mei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
- Shandong University-Zibo Municipal Hospital Research Center of Human Microbiome and Health, Zibo, 255400, China.
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Zeng R, Gou H, Lau HCH, Yu J. Stomach microbiota in gastric cancer development and clinical implications. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-332815. [PMID: 38886045 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A distinctive characteristic of GC is its intimate association with commensal microbial community. Although Helicobacter pylori is widely recognised as an inciting factor of the onset of gastric carcinogenesis, increasing evidence has indicated the substantial involvement of microbes that reside in the gastric mucosa during disease progression. In particular, dysregulation in gastric microbiota could play pivotal roles throughout the whole carcinogenic processes, from the development of precancerous lesions to gastric malignancy. Here, current understanding of the gastric microbiota in GC development is summarised. Potential translational and clinical implications of using gastric microbes for GC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics are also evaluated, with further discussion on conceptual haziness and limitations at present. Finally, we highlight that modulating microbes is a novel and promising frontier for the prevention and management of GC, which necessitates future in-depth investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zeng
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyan Gou
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harry Cheuk Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Sgamato C, Rocco A, Compare D, Priadko K, Romano M, Nardone G. Exploring the Link between Helicobacter pylori, Gastric Microbiota and Gastric Cancer. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:484. [PMID: 38927151 PMCID: PMC11201017 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) still represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality and is a major public health issue worldwide. Understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms behind GC development holds immense potential to revolutionize patients' treatment and prognosis. Within the complex web of genetic predispositions and environmental factors, the connection between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastric microbiota emerges as a focus of intense research investigation. According to the most recent hypotheses, H. pylori triggers inflammatory responses and molecular alterations in gastric mucosa, while non-Helicobacter microbiota modulates disease progression. In this review, we analyze the current state of the literature on the relationship between H. pylori and non-Helicobacter gastric microbiota in gastric carcinogenesis, highlighting the mechanisms by which microecological dysbiosis can contribute to the malignant transformation of the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Sgamato
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (D.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Alba Rocco
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (D.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Debora Compare
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (D.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Kateryna Priadko
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (K.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Marco Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (K.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (D.C.); (G.N.)
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Liu Z, Zhang D, Chen S. Unveiling the gastric microbiota: implications for gastric carcinogenesis, immune responses, and clinical prospects. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:118. [PMID: 38641815 PMCID: PMC11027554 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing has ushered in a paradigm shift in gastric microbiota, breaking the stereotype that the stomach is hostile to microorganisms beyond H. pylori. Recent attention directed toward the composition and functionality of this 'community' has shed light on its potential relevance in cancer. The microbial composition in the stomach of health displays host specificity which changes throughout a person's lifespan and is subject to both external and internal factors. Distinctive alterations in gastric microbiome signature are discernible at different stages of gastric precancerous lesions and malignancy. The robust microbes that dominate in gastric malignant tissue are intricately implicated in gastric cancer susceptibility, carcinogenesis, and the modulation of immunosurveillance and immune escape. These revelations offer fresh avenues for utilizing gastric microbiota as predictive biomarkers in clinical settings. Furthermore, inter-individual microbiota variations partially account for differential responses to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize current literature on the influence of the gastric microbiota on gastric carcinogenesis, anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy, providing insights into potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Meliț LE, Mărginean CO, Borka Balas R. The Most Recent Insights into the Roots of Gastric Cancer. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:95. [PMID: 38255710 PMCID: PMC10817233 DOI: 10.3390/life14010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common bacterial infection worldwide, usually being acquired during childhood, and its persistence into adulthood represents one of the main contributors of gastric carcinogenesis. Based on these statements, it would be of great importance to know if the most early premalignant transformation occurs in children or later since, this would enable the development of effective anti-tumorigenesis strategies. The interplay between H. pylori virulence factors, the host's responses modified by this infection, and the gastric microecology are complex and eventually lead to the development of gastric cancer in susceptible individuals. Several biomarkers were identified as major contributors of this long-lasting process, such as pepsinogens, gastrin 17, lipid-, glucose- and iron-metabolism parameters, immunity players, aberrant bacterial DNA methylation, H. pylori virulence factors, and hallmarks of gastric dysbiosis. Several of these biomarkers were also identified in children with H. pylori infection, independently of the presence of premalignant lesions, which were also proven to be present in a subgroup of H. pylori-infected children, especially those carrying extremely virulent strains. Therefore, the most incipient premalignant gastric changes might indeed occur early during childhood, opening a promising research gate for further studies to delineate the border between infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (L.E.M.)
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Han Z, Min Y, Pang K, Wu D. Therapeutic Approach Targeting Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15654. [PMID: 37958637 PMCID: PMC10650060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While emerging evidence highlights the significance of gut microbiome in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, treatments like Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and probiotics are gaining popularity, especially for diarrhea patients. However, the specific role of the gut microbiome in different gastrointestinal infectious diseases remains uncertain. There is no consensus on whether gut modulation therapy is universally effective for all such infections. In this comprehensive review, we examine recent developments of the gut microbiome's involvement in several gastrointestinal infectious diseases, including infection of Helicobacter pylori, Clostridium difficile, Vibrio cholerae, enteric viruses, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Giardia duodenalis. We have also incorporated information about fungi and engineered bacteria in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, aiming for a more comprehensive overview of the role of the gut microbiome. This review will provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of the gut microbiome while exploring the microbiome's potential in the prevention, diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yiyang Min
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ke Pang
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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Fiorani M, Tohumcu E, Del Vecchio LE, Porcari S, Cammarota G, Gasbarrini A, Ianiro G. The Influence of Helicobacter pylori on Human Gastric and Gut Microbiota. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040765. [PMID: 37107126 PMCID: PMC10135037 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that is able to colonize the human stomach, whose high prevalence has a major impact on human health, due to its association with several gastric and extra-gastric disorders, including gastric cancer. The gastric microenvironment is deeply affected by H. pylori colonization, with consequent effects on the gastrointestinal microbiota, exerted via the regulation of various factors, including gastric acidity, host immune responses, antimicrobial peptides, and virulence factors. The eradication therapy required to treat H. pylori infection can also have detrimental consequences for the gut microbiota, leading to a decreased alpha diversity. Notably, therapy regimens integrated with probiotics have been shown to reduce the negative effects of antibiotic therapy on the gut microbiota. These eradication therapies combined with probiotics have also higher rates of eradication, when compared to standard treatments, and are associated with reduced side effects, improving the patient's compliance. In light of the deep impact of gut microbiota alterations on human health, the present article aims to provide an overview of the complex interaction between H. pylori and the gastrointestinal microbiota, focusing also on the consequences of eradication therapies and the effects of probiotic supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Fiorani
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ege Tohumcu
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Livio Enrico Del Vecchio
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Porcari
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Yu T, Lu T, Deng W, Yao D, He C, Luo P, Song J. Microbiome and function alterations in the gastric mucosa of asymptomatic patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e12965. [PMID: 36890119 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection have no clinical symptoms, numerous studies reported the gastric microbiome in H. pylori-infected patients, but asymptomatic patients have not been distinguished. How the microbiome and function changes in asymptomatic patients with H. pylori infection remains poorly understood. METHODS A total of 29 patients were divided into H. pylori-infected asymptomatic group (10 patients), H. pylori-infected symptomatic group (11 patients) and H. pylori-uninfected group (8 patients). Gastric mucosa specimens were taken for histopathological examination, special staining, and 16 S rDNA sequencing. High-throughput results were evaluated by community composition analysis, indicator species analysis, alpha diversity analysis, beta diversity analysis, and function prediction. RESULTS The gastric microbiota composition at phylum and genus level of H. pylori-infected asymptomatic patients were similar with H. pylori-infected symptomatic group, but different from H. pylori-uninfected patients. The diversity and richness of gastric microbial community declined significantly in H. pylori-infected asymptomatic group comparing with H. pylori-uninfected group. Sphingomonas may be an indicator between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with H. pylori infection, the AUC value of Sphingomonas is 0.79. Interactions between species increased and altered notably after H. pylori infection. More genera were affected by Helicobacter in H. pylori-infected asymptomatic patients. The function condition changed significantly in asymptomatic patients with H. pylori infection, there was no difference comparing with symptomatic ones. Amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism strengthened but carbohydrate metabolism remained constant after H. pylori infection. The metabolism of fatty acid and bile acid was disturbed after infection with H. pylori. CONCLUSION The gastric microbiota composition and function mode changed significantly after H. pylori infection regardless of the presence of clinical symptoms, there was no difference between H. pylori-infected asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. The difference in gastric microbiota composition and interactions between species might be responsible for presence of digestive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyu Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Pathology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danping Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Manfredi M, Gismondi P, Iuliano S. Is Helicobacter pylori Anyway Pathogen in Children? INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2023; 60:469580231154650. [PMID: 36803205 PMCID: PMC9940224 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231154650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a continuous challenge for both gastroenterologists and pediatricians. The international guidelines regarding diagnostic and treatment pathways differ between adults and children. The pediatric guidelines are more restrictive because children are rarely affected by serious consequences, particularly in Western countries. Therefore, infected children should be treated only after a careful case-by-case evaluation by a pediatric gastroenterologist. In any case, recent studies are confirming an increasingly all-around pathological role of H. pylori even in asymptomatic children. For these reasons, following the current evidence, we feel that H. pylori-infected children could be treated starting in pre-adolescence, particularly in Eastern countries, because their stomachs have already begun to develop the biomarkers of gastric damage. Therefore, we believe that H. pylori is anyway pathogen in children. Nevertheless, the possible beneficial role of H. pylori in humans has not yet been conclusively disproved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Manfredi
- Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Maternal and Child Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant’Anna Hospital, Castelnovo ne Monti, Reggio Emilia, Italy,Marco Manfredi, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Maternal and Child Department, Pediatric Unit, Sant’Anna Hospital, via Roma, 2 - Castelnovo ne Monti, Reggio Emilia 42122, Italy.
| | - Pierpacifico Gismondi
- Week Hospital, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Iuliano
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
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Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB68S Improves Cognitive Functions in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010051. [PMID: 36615708 PMCID: PMC9824790 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics could improve cognitive functions in patients with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, but the effects on cognitive function in healthy older adults without cognitive impairment need further study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium longum BB68S (BB68S) on cognitive functions among healthy older adults without cognitive impairment. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 60 healthy older adults without cognitive impairment who were divided into probiotic or placebo groups and required to consume either a sachet of probiotic (BB68S, 5 × 1010 CFU/sachet) or placebo once daily for 8 weeks. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used as an inclusion screening tool to screen elderly participants with healthy cognitive function in our study, and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was used to assess cognitive function in subjects before and after intervention as an assessment tool. BB68S significantly improved subjects’ cognitive functions (total RBANS score increased by 18.89 points after intervention, p < 0.0001), especially immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional, attention, and delayed memory domains. BB68S intervention increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria Lachnospira, Bifidobacterium, Dorea, and Cellulosilyticum, while decreasing those of bacteria related to cognition impairment, such as Collinsella, Parabacteroides, Tyzzerella, Bilophila, unclassified_c_Negativicutes, Epulopiscium, Porphyromonas, and Granulicatella. In conclusion, BB68S could improve cognitive functions in healthy elderly adults without cognitive impairment, along with having beneficial regulatory effects on their gut microbiota. This study supports probiotics as a strategy to promote healthy aging and advances cognitive aging research.
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Liu D, Wang J, Xie Y. Refractory Helicobacter pylori infection and the gastric microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:976710. [PMID: 36237432 PMCID: PMC9552320 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.976710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Curing refractory Helicobacter pylori infection is difficult. In addition, there is currently no research on the gastric microbiota of refractory H. pylori infection. Methods We designed a clinical retrospective study involving 32 subjects divided into three groups: 1. nAGHp.a, treatment-naïve patients with H. pylori infection; 2. nAGHp.b, H. pylori-negative patients; and 3. EFHp.a, patients with refractory H. pylori infection. Gastric mucosal samples from the biobank of our research center were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and bacterial functions were predicted via PICRUSt. Results There were significant differences between the H. pylori- positive group and the H. pylori-negative group in species diversity, gastric microbiota structure, and bacterial function. The beneficial Lactobacillus in the H. pylori-positive group were significantly enriched compared with those in the refractory H. pylori infection group. The bacterial interaction network diagram suggested that the microbiota interactions in the refractory H. pylori infection group decreased. The gastric microbiota of the refractory H. pylori infection group was enriched in the pathways of metabolism and infectious diseases (energy metabolism, bacterial secretion system, glutathione metabolism, protein folding and associated processing, sulphur metabolism, membrane and intracellular structural molecules, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins) when compared with the H. pylori-positive group without treatment based on PICRUSt analysis. Conclusion Significant alterations occurred in the gastric microbiota when eradication of H. pylori failed multiple times. A history of eradication of multiple H. pylori infections leads to an imbalance in the gastric mucosal microbiota to a certain extent, which was mainly reflected in the inhibition of the growth of beneficial Lactobacillus in the stomach. Patients with refractory H. pylori infection may be at a higher risk of developing gastric cancer than other H. pylori-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Liu
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyun Wang
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Xie,
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12
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Dey P, Ray Chaudhuri S. Cancer-Associated Microbiota: From Mechanisms of Disease Causation to Microbiota-Centric Anti-Cancer Approaches. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:757. [PMID: 35625485 PMCID: PMC9138768 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the only well-established bacterial cause of cancer. However, due to the integral role of tissue-resident commensals in maintaining tissue-specific immunometabolic homeostasis, accumulated evidence suggests that an imbalance of tissue-resident microbiota that are otherwise considered as commensals, can also promote various types of cancers. Therefore, the present review discusses compelling evidence linking tissue-resident microbiota (especially gut bacteria) with cancer initiation and progression. Experimental evidence supporting the cancer-causing role of gut commensal through the modulation of host-specific processes (e.g., bile acid metabolism, hormonal effects) or by direct DNA damage and toxicity has been discussed. The opportunistic role of commensal through pathoadaptive mutation and overcoming colonization resistance is discussed, and how chronic inflammation triggered by microbiota could be an intermediate in cancer-causing infections has been discussed. Finally, we discuss microbiota-centric strategies, including fecal microbiota transplantation, proven to be beneficial in preventing and treating cancers. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of tissue-resident microbiota, their cancer-promoting potentials, and how beneficial bacteria can be used against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Saumya Ray Chaudhuri
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India;
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13
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Liatsos C, Papaefthymiou A, Kyriakos N, Galanopoulos M, Doulberis M, Giakoumis M, Petridou E, Mavrogiannis C, Rokkas T, Kountouras J. Helicobacter pylori, gastric microbiota and gastric cancer relationship: Unrolling the tangle. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:959-972. [PMID: 35646287 PMCID: PMC9124990 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i5.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-I) represents a typical microbial agent intervening in the complex mechanisms of gastric homeostasis by disturbing the balance between the host gastric microbiota and mucosa-related factors, leading to inflammatory changes, dysbiosis and eventually gastric cancer. The normal gastric microbiota shows diversity, with Proteobacteria [Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) belongs to this family], Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroides and Fusobacteria being the most abundant phyla. Most studies indicate that H. pylori has inhibitory effects on the colonization of other bacteria, harboring a lower diversity of them in the stomach. When comparing the healthy with the diseased stomach, there is a change in the composition of the gastric microbiome with increasing abundance of H. pylori (where present) in the gastritis stage, while as the gastric carcinogenesis cascade progresses to gastric cancer, the oral and intestinal-type pathogenic microbial strains predominate. Hp-I creates a premalignant environment of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and the subsequent alteration in gastric microbiota seems to play a crucial role in gastric tumorigenesis itself. Successful H. pylori eradication is suggested to restore gastric microbiota, at least in primary stages. It is more than clear that Hp-I, gastric microbiota and gastric cancer constitute a challenging tangle and the strong interaction between them makes it difficult to unroll. Future studies are considered of crucial importance to test the complex interaction on the modulation of the gastric microbiota by H. pylori as well as on the relationships between the gastric microbiota and gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Liatsos
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens 11525, Greece
- Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41336, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kyriakos
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Michail Galanopoulos
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Michael Doulberis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau 1234, Switzerland
| | - Marios Giakoumis
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Evangelia Petridou
- Department of Microbiology, “Agia Sofia” Paediatric Hospital, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Christos Mavrogiannis
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, Faculty of Nursing, Kifissia General and Oncology Hospital, Kaliftaki, N.Kifisia 14564, Greece
| | - Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterological Clinic, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 41336, Macedonia, Greece
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14
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Zheng W, Zhu Z, Ying J, Long G, Chen B, Peng K, Li F, Zhao H, Jiang M. The Effects of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Gastric Microbiota in Children With Duodenal Ulcer. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:853184. [PMID: 35547124 PMCID: PMC9082302 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.853184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the main cause of chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer in children. Little is known about the effect of H. pylori on gastric microbiota in children with duodenal ulcer. This study is aimed at the characteristics of gastric microbiota in children with duodenal ulcer on H. pylori infection. Methods We studied 23 children diagnosed with duodenal ulcer by gastric endoscopy because of the gastrointestinal symptoms, 15 children were diagnosed with H. pylori infection, while 8 children were without H. pylori infection. Endoscopic mucosal biopsy samples were obtained for DNA extraction. Microbiomes were analyzed by 16S rRNA profiling and microbial functions were predicted using the software Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Results Bacterial richness and diversity of gastric microbiota in duodenal ulcer with H. pylori-positive were lower than those negative. The gastric microbiota in H. pylori-positive group significantly reduced proportions of six phyla and fifteen genera; only Helicobacter taxa were more abundant in H. pylori-positive group. Co-expression network analysis showed a more complex network of interactions in the H. pylori-positive group than that in the H. pylori-negative group. For the predicted functions, lower abundance in the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism were found in H. pylori-positive group than the H. pylori-negative group. H. pylori colonization reduces a microbial community with genotoxic potential in the gastric mucosa of children with duodenal ulcer. Conclusions The presence of H. pylori significantly influences gastric microbiota and results in a lower abundance of multiple taxonomic levels in children with duodenal ulcer. Children with duodenal ulcer exhibit a dysbiotic microbial community with genotoxic potential, which is distinct from that of children with H. pylori infection. Clinical Trial Registration [http://www.chictr.org.cn], identifier [ChiCTR1800015190].
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenya Zhu
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Ying
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kerong Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fubang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.,Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Chai L, Wang Q, Si C, Gao W, Zhang L. Potential Association Between Changes in Microbiota Level and Lung Diseases: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:723635. [PMID: 35096850 PMCID: PMC8795898 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.723635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Lung microbiota is increasingly implicated in multiple types of respiratory diseases. However, no study has drawn a consistent conclusion regarding the relationship between changes in the microbial community and lung diseases. This study verifies the association between microbiota level and lung diseases by performing a meta-analysis. Methods: Literature databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, PMC, and CNKI, were used to collect related articles published before March 20, 2021. The standard mean deviation (SMD) and related 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses were also conducted. Results: Six studies, comprising 695 patients with lung diseases and 176 healthy individuals, were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that the microbiota level was higher in patients with lung diseases than in healthy individuals (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.22–0.55, I2 = 91.5%, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis based on country demonstrated that the microbiota level was significantly higher in Chinese (SMD = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.87–2.93, I2 = 62.3%, P < 0.01) and Korean (SMD = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13–0.35, I2 = 78.7%, P < 0.01) patients with lung diseases. The microbiota level of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (SMD = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.42–2.38, I2 = 97.3%, P = 0.005), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.09–0.50, I2 = 83.9%, P = 0.004), and asthma (SMD = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.06–0.32, I2 = 69.4%, P = 0.004) were significantly higher than those of the healthy group, whereas a lower microbiota level was found in patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP). The microbiota level significantly increased when the disease sample size was >50. Subgroup analysis based on different microbiota genera, indicated that Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly increased in COPD and asthma diseases. Conclusion: We observed that patients with IPF, COPD, and asthma had a higher microbiota level, whereas patients with CHP had a lower microbiota level compared to the healthy individuals. The level of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were significantly higher in patients with COPD and asthma, and thus represented as potential microbiota markers in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Caijuan Si
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences and Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenyan Gao
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Lun Zhang
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16
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Chen CC, Liou JM, Lee YC, Hong TC, El-Omar EM, Wu MS. The interplay between Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-22. [PMID: 33938378 PMCID: PMC8096336 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1909459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex population of microbes in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract interacts with itself and with the host, exerting a deep influence on health and disease development. The development of modern sequencing technology has enabled us to gain insight into GI microbes. Helicobacter pylori colonization significantly affects the gastric microenvironment, which in turn affects gastric microbiota and may be correlated with colonic microbiota changes. Crosstalk between H. pylori and GI commensal flora may play a role in H. pylori-related carcinogenicity and extragastric manifestations. We review current knowledge on how H. pylori shapes GI microbiota with a specific focus on its impact on the stomach and colon. We also review current evidence on colonic microbiota changes attributed to eradication therapy based on the clinical studies performed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Chang Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,CONTACT Ming-Shiang Wu
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,Jyh-Ming Liou Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chan Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,M El-Omar St George Hospital, Short St, Kogarah NSW 2217, UNSW SYDNEY, NSW 2052 Australia; Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,CONTACT Ming-Shiang Wu
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17
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Lapidot Y, Reshef L, Cohen D, Muhsen K. Helicobacter pylori and the intestinal microbiome among healthy school-age children. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12854. [PMID: 34617641 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is acquired during childhood and causes chronic gastritis that remains asymptomatic in most infected people. H. pylori alters the gastric microbiota and causes peptic ulcer disease. Evidence on the relationship between asymptomatic H. pylori infection and children's gut microbiota remains elusive. AIM We characterized the relationship between H. pylori infection and the intestinal microbiome of healthy children, adjusting for known inter-personal and environmental exposures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included stool samples obtained from 163 Israeli Arab children aged 6-9 years from different socioeconomic strata. Sociodemographic information was collected through maternal interviews. H. pylori infection was determined using monoclonal antigen detection stool enzyme immunoassay. The gut microbiome was characterized by implementing 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4 region and a multivariate downstream analysis. RESULTS Overall, 57% of the participants were positive for H. pylori infection and it was significantly associated with low socioeconomic status. There was no significant association between H. pylori infection and bacterial richness of fecal microbiome. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with intestinal bacterial composition, including a strong association with Prevotella copri and Eubacterium biforme. Moreover, socioeconomic status was strongly associated with bacterial composition. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection in healthy children was significantly associated with altered intestinal microbiome structure. Socioeconomic determinants exhibit a strong effect, related to both H. pylori infection and intestinal diversity and composition in childhood. These findings are clinically important to the understanding of the role of H. pylori infection and other intestinal microbes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Lapidot
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leah Reshef
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dani Cohen
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Khitam Muhsen
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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18
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Gong L, El-Omar EM. Application of molecular techniques in Helicobacter pylori detection: limitations and improvements. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12841. [PMID: 34333819 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Gong
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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Smet A, Kupcinskas J, Link A, Hold GL, Bornschein J. The Role of Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer and Cancer Treatment: Chance or Curse? Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:857-874. [PMID: 34506954 PMCID: PMC8803618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms, comprising bacteria, archaea, viruses, yeast, and fungi. It is widely accepted that human health is shaped by these microbes and their collective microbial genome. This so-called second genome plays an important role in normal functioning of the host, contributing to processes involved in metabolism and immune modulation. Furthermore, the gut microbiota also is capable of generating energy and nutrients (eg, short-chain fatty acids and vitamins) that are otherwise inaccessible to the host and are essential for mucosal barrier homeostasis. In recent years, numerous studies have pointed toward microbial dysbiosis as a key driver in many GI conditions, including cancers. However, comprehensive mechanistic insights on how collectively gut microbes influence carcinogenesis remain limited. In addition to their role in carcinogenesis, the gut microbiota now has been shown to play a key role in influencing clinical outcomes to cancer immunotherapy, making them valuable targets in the treatment of cancer. It also is becoming apparent that, besides the gut microbiota's impact on therapeutic outcomes, cancer treatment may in turn influence GI microbiota composition. This review provides a comprehensive overview of microbial dysbiosis in GI cancers, specifically esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers, potential mechanisms of microbiota in carcinogenesis, and their implications in diagnostics and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemieke Smet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Georgina L. Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jan Bornschein
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Jan Bornschein, MD, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
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20
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Weng CY, Xu JL, Sun SP, Wang KJ, Lv B. Helicobacter pylori eradication: Exploring its impacts on the gastric mucosa. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5152-5170. [PMID: 34497441 PMCID: PMC8384747 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i31.5152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects approximately 50% of all humans globally. Persistent H. pylori infection causes multiple gastric and extragastric diseases, indicating the importance of early diagnosis and timely treatment. H. pylori eradication produces dramatic changes in the gastric mucosa, resulting in restored function. Consequently, to better understand the importance of H. pylori eradication and clarify the subsequent recovery of gastric mucosal functions after eradication, we summarize histological, endoscopic, and gastric microbiota changes to assess the therapeutic effects on the gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Li Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shao-Peng Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kai-Jie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
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21
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Yang F, Tomberlin JK, Jordan HR. Starvation Alters Gut Microbiome in Black Soldier Fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larvae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:601253. [PMID: 33664713 PMCID: PMC7921171 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.601253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike for vertebrates, the impact of starvation on the gut microbiome of invertebrates is poorly studied. Deciphering shifts in metabolically active associated bacterial communities in vertebrates has led to determining the role of the associated microbiome in the sensation of hunger and discoveries of associated regulatory mechanisms. From an invertebrate perspective, such as the black soldier fly, such information could lead to enhanced processes for optimized biomass production and waste conversion. Bacteria associated with food substrates of black soldier fly are known to impact corresponding larval life-history traits (e.g., larval development); however, whether black soldier fly larval host state (i.e., starved) impacts the gut microbiome is not known. In this study, we measured microbial community structural and functional shifts due to black soldier fly larvae starvation. Data generated demonstrate such a physiological state (i.e., starvation) does in fact impact both aspects of the microbiome. At the phylum level, community diversity decreased significantly during black soldier fly larval starvation (p = 0.0025). Genus level DESeq2 analysis identified five genera with significantly different relative abundance (q < 0.05) across the 24 and 48 H post initiation of starvation: Actinomyces, Microbacterium, Enterococcus, Sphingobacterium, and Leucobacter. Finally, we inferred potential gene function and significantly predicted functional KEGG Orthology (KO) abundance. We demonstrated the metabolically active microbial community structure and function could be influenced by host-feeding status. Such perturbations, even when short in duration (e.g., 24 H) could stunt larval growth and waste conversion due to lacking a full complement of bacteria and associated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchun Yang
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jeffery K Tomberlin
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Heather R Jordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
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22
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Tao ZH, Han JX, Fang JY. Helicobacter pylori infection and eradication: Exploring their impacts on the gastrointestinal microbiota. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12754. [PMID: 32876377 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of microbiota research has remolded our view of human physiological and pathological processes. Among all the gastrointestinal microorganisms, Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is probably the most notorious constituent. Although half of the adults worldwide are infected with H pylori, their clinical manifestations vary widely, suggesting other microorganisms beyond H pylori may play a role in determining clinical outcomes. Recently, many studies have put effort into elucidating the crosstalk within the human microbiota, some of which specifically explored the interplay between H pylori and other gastrointestinal microbial members. In this work, we reviewed these potential interactions. Meanwhile, the impacts of H pylori eradication therapy on gastrointestinal microbial homeostasis were summarized in terms of diversity, composition, functional capacity, and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hang Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Xuan Han
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Schulz C, Kupčinskas J. Review - Helicobacter pylori and non-malignant upper gastro-intestinal diseases. Helicobacter 2020; 25 Suppl 1:e12738. [PMID: 32918346 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review takes into account recent publications focusing on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and non-malignant diseases of the upper gastro-intestinal tract. The authors have summarized current knowledge on associations between the H pylori infection and non-malignant upper GI conditions including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus, eosinophilic esophagitis (EOE), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), H pylori gastritis, celiac disease and functional dyspepsia. In the field of GERD, current data focusing on different locations of H pylori infection detect significant differences between antrum- and corpus predominant gastritis explainable by different changes in acid secretion in different gastric niches. High volume studies from Sweden and Brazil underline the safety of H pylori eradication concerning the risk of Barret's esophagus or adenocarcinoma. The relationship betweenH pylori infection and EOE remains uncertain, but current data supports the concept of expected positive and protective effects of H pylori exposure reducing the risk of EOE. Analyzing biomarkers might be helpful to identify subjects under risk for the development of precancerous lesions after H pylori infection, where microRNAs, IL-9 and IL-4, and also Tc17/9 and Th17/9 and microbiota profiles showed promising results to identify subgroups under risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schulz
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juozas Kupčinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology & Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents differs in comparison to adults with respect to epidemiology, host responses, and disease manifestations. Furthermore, treatment options are limited in this population and antibiotic resistance rates continue to increase. Therefore, ongoing research is vital to understand disease pathogenesis and provide optimal management of children with infection. This review summarizes relevant publications from April 2019 to March 2020. Similar to adults, recent studies show a decreasing prevalence of infection in the pediatric population. Studies of pathogenesis investigated serum immune responses and the potential inverse association of infection and allergy. Several studies investigated the effect of H pylori and related inflammation on the gut microbiome. The recommendation of endoscopy-based testing to identify the cause of symptoms and not just H pylori, reserving noninvasive UBT or stool antigen tests for post-eradication follow-up, was supported by the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kristen Bortolin
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Toronto, SickKids, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Departments of Paediatrics and Physiology, Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Cell Biology Program, SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, SickKids, Toronto, Canada
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